1
731頁
Source edition, page 731.
2
銚期字次況，潁川郟人也。 長八尺二寸，容貌絕異，矜嚴有威。 父猛，為桂陽太守，卒，期服喪三年，鄉里稱之。 光武略地潁川，聞期誌義，召署賊曹掾[1]，從徇薊[2]。 時，王郎檄書到薊，薊中起兵應郎。 光武趨駕出，百姓聚觀，喧呼滿道，遮路不得行，期騎馬奮戟，瞋目大呼左右曰「□」[3]，眾皆披靡[4]。 及至城門，門已閉，攻之得出。 行至信都，以期為裨將，與傅寬、呂晏俱屬鄧禹。 徇傍縣，又發房子兵。 禹以期為能，獨拜偏將軍，授兵二千人，寬、晏各數百人。
Tiao Qi, courtesy name Cikuang, was a native of Jia in Yingchuan commandery. He stood eight chi and two cun tall, with striking looks and a severe, awe-inspiring bearing. His father Tiao Meng had been the governor of Guiyang; when he died, Qi mourned three full years, and the neighbors praised him. While Guangwu was taking Yingchuan he heard of Qi's steadfast loyalty, summoned him as clerk of the bandit bureau [1], and took him on the expedition to Ji [2]. Wang Lang's summons reached Ji, and the city rose in arms for him. As Guangwu spurred his carriage out, the crowd mobbed the street and blocked the way. Qi rode forward, whirling his halberd, glared, and roared "Clear the road" [3] until the mob broke and scattered [4]. They reached the city gate to find it shut; they forced it and got out. At Xindu he was made a lieutenant general under Deng Yu, alongside Fu Kuan and Lü Yan. He campaigned the neighboring counties and also levied troops from Fangzi. Deng Yu, judging Qi especially able, commissioned him alone as lieutenant general with two thousand men, while Fu Kuan and Lü Yan received only a few hundred each.
3
還言其狀，光武甚善之。 使期別徇真定宋子，攻拔樂陽[5]、槁[6]、肥累[7]。
On his return he reported how things stood, and Guangwu was much pleased. He was sent to campaign separately in Zhending and Songzi, capturing Leyang [5], Gao [6], and Feilei [7].
4
732-741頁
Source edition, pages 732-741.
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從擊王郎將兒宏[8]、劉奉於鉅鹿下，期先登陷陳，手殺五十餘人，被創中額，攝* (幩) **[幘]*復戰[9]，遂大破之。 王郎滅，拜期虎牙大將軍。 乃因閒說光武曰：「河北之地，界接邊塞，人習兵戰，號為精勇。 今更始失政，大統危殆，海內無所歸往。 明公據河山之固，擁精銳之觿，以順萬人思漢之心，則天下誰敢不從？ 」光武笑曰：「卿欲遂前□邪？ 」[10]時銅馬數十萬觿入清陽、博平[11]，期與諸將迎擊之，連戰不利，期乃更背水而戰，所殺傷甚多。 會光武救至，遂大破之，追至館陶，皆降之。 從擊青犢、赤眉於射犬，賊襲期輜重，期還擊之，手殺傷數十人，身被三創，而戰方力[12]，遂破走之。
Under Julu he joined the attack on Wang Lang's generals Er Hong [8] and Liu Feng: Qi was first on the wall, killed more than fifty men with his own hand, and took a blow to the forehead— (textual note: head-wrap variant) —bound up his wound with a headcloth and fought on [9], and they routed the enemy. When Wang Lang fell, Qi was named tiger-fang grand general. He found a private moment to say to Guangwu, "Hebei borders the frontier; its people are inured to war and famed as fierce fighters. The Gengshi court has lost its grip; the imperial line totters, and the realm has nowhere to look for leadership. You hold the natural fortress of the Yellow River and Taihang and command picked troops; if you answer the people's longing for Han, who under Heaven would dare refuse you? Guangwu laughed. "You want to press that old counsel of yours, do you?" " [10] Just then several tens of thousands of Bronze Horse troops poured into Qingyang and Boping [11]; Qi and the other generals met them in a run of reverses, so Qi drew his line with its back to the water and fought again, inflicting heavy casualties. Guangwu's reinforcements arrived; they broke the enemy and chased them to Guantao, where all surrendered. He joined the fight against the Green Calf and Red Eyebrows at Shequan; when the rebels hit his baggage train he turned back, killed or wounded dozens with his own hand though thrice wounded, and still fought with full force [12] until the enemy broke and fled.
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光武即位，封安成侯，[一]食邑五千戶。 時檀鄉、五樓賊入繁陽、內黃，[二]又魏郡大姓數反覆，而更始將卓京[三]謀欲相率反鄴城。 帝以期為魏郡太守，行大將軍事。 期發郡兵擊卓京，破之，斬首六百餘級。 京亡入山，追斬其將校數十人，獲京妻子。 進擊繁陽、內黃，復斬數百級，郡界清平。 督盜賊李熊，鄴中之豪，而熊弟陸謀欲反城迎檀鄉。 [四]或以告期，期不應，告者三四，期乃召問熊。 熊叩頭首服，願與老母俱就死。 期曰：「為吏儻不若為賊樂者，可歸與老母往就陸也。 」[五]使吏送出城。 熊行求得陸，將詣鄴城西門。 陸不勝愧感，自殺以謝期。 期嗟歎，以禮葬之，而還熊故職。 於是郡中服其威信。
When Guangwu took the throne, Qi was enfeoffed as marquis of Ancheng [one] with a fief of five thousand households. Tanxiang and Wulou raiders had entered Fanyang and Neihuang [two]; the great clans of Wei were shifting allegiance again and again, and the Gengshi general Zhuo Jing [three] plotted to lead a mutiny back into Ye. The emperor named Qi governor of Wei commandery with the powers of a grand general. Qi raised the commandery troops, defeated Zhuo Jing, and took more than six hundred heads. Jing fled into the hills; the pursuit cut down dozens of his officers and seized his wife and children. He pushed on into Fanyang and Neihuang, took another few hundred heads, and the commandery was quiet. Li Xiong, who supervised bandit affairs, was a leading man of Ye; his younger brother Li Lu plotted to open the gates for the Tanxiang raiders. [Four] Informants came to Qi, who at first made no move; when they came three or four times he summoned Li Xiong for questioning. Li Xiong kowtowed and confessed, ready to die with his aged mother. Qi said, 'If you think office less pleasant than brigandage, go home and take your mother to your brother Lu.' [Five] He had clerks escort him beyond the walls. Li Xiong found Li Lu and brought him to the west gate of Ye. Overcome with shame and gratitude, Li Lu killed himself to answer Qi. Qi sighed, buried him with full rites, and restored Li Xiong to his old post. The whole commandery then deferred to his majesty and good faith.
7
注[一]安成，縣名，屬汝南郡，故城在今豫州汝陽縣東南也。
Commentary [one]: Ancheng was a county in Runan commandery; its old walled town lay southeast of present-day Ruyang in Yuzhou.
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注[二]繁陽，縣名，故城在今相州內黃縣東北； 內黃故城在西北。
Commentary [two]: Fanyang was a county; its old site lay northeast of present-day Neihuang in Xiangzhou; the old site of Neihuang lay to the northwest.
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注[三]「京」或作「原」。
Commentary [three]: The graph "Jing" is sometimes written "Yuan".
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注[四]反音翻。
Commentary [four]: The gloss reads "fan" in the sense of turning or reversing.
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注[五]必以在城中為吏不如為賊之樂，即任將母往就弟。
Commentary [five]: If they truly thought life as a clerk in the city less happy than banditry, he let them take their mother to the younger brother.
12
建武五年，行幸魏郡，以期為太中大夫。 從還洛陽，又拜□尉。
In the fifth year of Jianwu the emperor visited Wei commandery in person and named Qi grand palace grandee. On the return to Luoyang he was again appointed minister of the guards.
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期重於信義，自為將，有所降下，未嘗虜掠。 及在朝廷，憂國愛主，其有不得於心，必犯顏諫諍。 帝嘗輕與期門近出，[一]期頓首車前曰：「臣聞古今之戒，變生不意，誠不願陛下微行數出。 」帝為之回輿而還。 十年卒，[二]帝親臨襚斂，贈以□尉、安成侯印綬，謚曰忠侯。
Qi set great store by good faith: as a general he never looted those who yielded. At court he anguished for the state and loved his sovereign; whatever sat ill with him he would speak bluntly against the ruler's will. The emperor once slipped out incognito with only his Qimen guards [one]; Qi kowtowed before the chariot and said, "I have heard that sudden turns spare no man, ancient or modern; I beg Your Majesty not to make a habit of these secret excursions." The emperor turned the carriage round and went back for his sake. He died in the tenth year [two]; the emperor came in person to lay the burial shroud and presented the seals of minister of the guards and of marquis of Ancheng, with the posthumous title Loyal Marquis.
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注[一]前書，武帝將出，必與北地良家子期於殿門，故曰「期門」。
Commentary [one]: The Former Han Documents say that Emperor Wu, before going out, always set a rendezvous with picked sons of good families from Beidi at the palace gate, hence the name "Qimen", gate of the rendezvous.
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注[二]東觀記曰：「期疾病，使使者存問，加賜醫藥甚厚。 其母問期當封何子？
Commentary [two]: The Eastern View Records says that when Qi fell ill the court sent an envoy to inquire and heaped medical gifts on him. His mother asked which son should receive the enfeoffment?
16
期言『受國家恩深，常籩負，如死，不知當何以報國，何宜封子也』！ 上甚憐之。」
Qi replied, "I have received too much from the state and always fear I cannot repay it; if I die, I do not know how I could still repay it, how could I think of enfeoffing a son!" The emperor was deeply moved."
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子丹嗣。 復封丹弟統為建平侯[13]。 後徙封丹葛陵侯[14]。 丹卒，子舒嗣。 舒卒，子羽嗣。 羽卒，子蔡嗣。
His son Tiao Dan inherited the title. Dan's younger brother Tiao Tong was also enfeoffed as marquis of Jianping [13]. Later Dan's fief was moved to Geleng [14]. When Dan died, his son Shu succeeded. When Shu died, his son Yu succeeded. When Yu died, his son Cai succeeded.
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王霸字符伯，穎川穎陽人也。 世好文法，[一]父為郡決曹掾，[二]霸亦少為獄吏。 常慷慨不樂吏職，其父奇之。 遣西學長安。 漢兵起，光武過穎陽，霸率賓客上謁，曰：「將軍興義兵，竊不自知量，貪慕威德，願充行伍。 」光武曰：「夢想賢士，共成功業，豈有二哉！ 」遂從擊破王尋、王邑於昆陽，還休鄉里。
Wang Ba, courtesy name Yuanbo, was a man of Yingyang in Yingchuan. For generations the family had loved statute and precedent [one]; his father had been sentencing clerk of the commandery [two], and Ba himself began as a prison clerk. He was always restless and discontented with clerical work, and his father thought him unusual. He was sent west to study in Chang'an. When Han forces rose and Guangwu passed through Yingyang, Wang Ba led his clients to pay court, saying, "You raise the standard of righteousness; I know I overreach, yet I crave your majesty and virtue and beg a place in the ranks." Guangwu answered, "I have longed for worthy men to finish the great work with me; could I refuse you?" He then followed the victory over Wang Xun and Wang Yi at Kunyang and went home to rest.
19
注[一]東觀記曰：「祖父為詔獄丞。」
Commentary [one]: The Eastern View Records says his grandfather had been assistant of the imperial prison.
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注[二]漢舊儀：「決曹，主罪法事。」
Commentary [two]: Han old regulations: the sentencing bureau handled penal law.
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及光武為司隸校尉，道過穎陽，霸請其父，願從。 父曰：「吾老矣，不任軍旅，汝往，勉之！ 」霸從至洛陽。 及光武為大司馬，以霸為功曹令史，從度河北。
When Guangwu became the metropolitan commandant and passed Yingyang again, Wang Ba begged his father's leave to follow him. His father said, "I am too old for campaigning; you go, and give it your all!" Wang Ba followed him to Luoyang. When Guangwu became grand marshal he made Wang Ba clerk-scribe of the merit bureau and took him north of the Yellow River.
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賓客從霸者數十人，稍稍引去。 光武謂霸曰：「穎川從我者皆逝，而子獨留。 努力！ 疾風知勁草。」
Several dozen of Wang Ba's clients had followed him, but they drifted away one by one. Guangwu said to him, "The men of Yingchuan who followed me have all left; only you remain." Strive hard! In a high wind one sees which grass stands firm."
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及王郎起，光武在薊，郎移檄購光武。 光武令霸至市中募人，將以擊郎。 市人皆大笑，舉手邪揄之，[一]霸慚懅而還。 [二]光武即南馳至下曲陽。 傳聞王郎兵在後，從者皆恐。 及至虖沱河，候吏還白河水流澌，[三]無船，不可濟。 官屬大懼。 光武令霸往視之。 霸恐驚觿，欲且前，阻水，還即詭曰：「冰堅可度。」
When Wang Lang rose, Guangwu was at Ji; Wang Lang put a price on his head. Guangwu ordered Wang Ba into the market to recruit men for the strike at Wang Lang. The townsfolk only laughed and mocked him with waves of the hand [one]; Wang Ba returned ashamed and shaken. [Two] Guangwu thereupon spurred south to Xiaquyang. Rumor said Wang Lang's army was on their heels, and the party was afraid. At the Hutuo the scout came back reporting ice floes in the flood [three], no boats, no crossing. The staff were terrified. Guangwu sent Wang Ba to look for himself. Fearing panic, Wang Ba wished to press on; he blocked the bad news and lied on his return, "The ice is solid enough to cross."
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官屬皆喜。 光武笑曰：「候吏果妄語也。 」遂前。 比至河，河冰亦合，乃令霸護度，[四]未畢數騎而冰解。 光武謂霸曰：「安吾觿得濟免者，卿之力也。 」霸謝曰：「此明公至德，神靈之佑，雖武王白魚之應，無以加此。 」[五]武光謂官屬曰：「王霸權以濟事，殆天瑞也。 」以為軍正，爵關內侯。 既至信都，發兵攻拔邯鄲。 霸追斬王郎，得其璽綬。 封王鄉侯。
The staff rejoiced. Guangwu laughed, "The scout was lying after all." They went forward. When they reached the river the ice had bridged it; Guangwu had Wang Ba supervise the crossing [four], and before the last riders were over the ice broke up. Guangwu said to him, "You steadied our men and got us across; the credit is yours." Wang Ba demurred, "It is your supreme virtue and the blessing of the spirits; even King Wu's white-fish omen could not match this." [Five] Guangwu told his staff, "Wang Ba bent the truth to save the day; surely that is an omen from Heaven." He named him army rectifier with rank as marquis within the passes. At Xindu he raised troops and took Handan. Wang Ba ran Wang Lang down, beheaded him, and seized his seals and ribbons. He was enfeoffed as marquis of Wang township.
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注[一]說文曰：「歋□，手相笑也。 」歋音弋支反。 □音踰，或音由。 此云「邪揄」，語輕重不同。
Commentary [one]: The Shuowen jiezi glosses the expression as hands mocking one another in laughter. The graph ye is read with the yi-zhi fan spelling. The second graph is read like yu, or sometimes like you. Here the text writes xieyu; the wording varies slightly in other sources.
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注[二]懅亦籩也，音遽。
Commentary [two]: Ju here means fear, read like ju.
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注[三]澌音斯。
Commentary [three]: The graph si is read si.
28
注[四]監護度也。
Commentary [four]: Meaning he supervised the crossing.
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注[五]今文尚書曰：「武王度盟津，白魚躍入王舟。」
Commentary [five]: The modern-text Book of Documents records that when King Wu crossed the ford at Mengjin a white fish leapt into his boat.
30
從平河北，常與臧宮、傅俊共營，霸獨善撫士卒，死者脫衣以斂之，傷者躬親以養之。
During the pacification of Hebei he often shared a camp with Zang Gong and Fu Jun, yet Wang Ba alone excelled at caring for the troops: he stripped his own clothes to shroud the dead and nursed the wounded with his own hands.
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光武即位，以霸曉兵愛士，可獨任，拜為偏將軍，並將臧宮、傅俊兵，而以宮、俊為騎都尉。 建武二年，更封富波侯。 [一]
When Guangwu took the throne he judged Wang Ba fit to command alone because he knew war and cherished his men; he named him lieutenant general, gave him joint command of Zang Gong's and Fu Jun's troops, and made Gong and Jun cavalry commandants under him. In the second year of Jianwu his fief was moved to Fubo. Endnote marker [one] in the received text.
32
注[一]富波，縣名，屬汝南郡，在今豫州。
Commentary [one]: Fubo was a county in Runan commandery, in the area of present-day Yuzhou.
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四年秋，帝幸譙，使霸與捕虜將軍馬武東討周建於垂惠。 蘇茂將五校兵四千餘人救建，而先遣精騎遮擊馬武軍糧，武往救之。 建從城中出兵夾擊武，武恃霸之援，戰不甚力，為茂、建所敗。 武軍奔過霸營，大呼求救。 霸曰：「賊兵盛，出必兩敗，努力而已。 」乃閉營堅壁。 軍吏皆爭之。 霸曰：「茂兵精銳，其觿又多，吾吏士心恐，而捕虜與吾相恃，兩軍不一，此敗道也。 今閉營固守，示不相援，賊必乘勝輕進； 捕虜無救，其戰自倍。 如此，茂觿疲勞，吾承其弊，乃可克也。 」茂、建果悉出攻武。 合戰良久，霸軍中壯士路潤等數十人斷髮請戰。
In the autumn of the fourth year the emperor went to Qiao and sent Wang Ba with Ma Wu, general who campaigns against the Caitiffs, east against Zhou Jian at Chuihui. Su Mao brought more than four thousand men of the five camps to relieve Zhou Jian and first sent picked cavalry to cut Ma Wu's supply line; Ma Wu went to the rescue. Zhou Jian sallied from the city to catch Ma Wu in a pincer; Ma Wu, counting on Wang Ba's support, did not fight at full stretch and was beaten by Su Mao and Zhou Jian. Ma Wu's men raced past Wang Ba's camp shouting for help. Wang Ba said, 'The enemy is strong; if we go out both of us will lose—hold fast.' He shut the camp and strengthened the walls. His officers all remonstrated with him. Wang Ba said, 'Su Mao's men are picked and numerous; our troops are afraid. The Caitiff-catcher and I depend on each other—if the two hosts do not act as one, that is the road to defeat.' Shut the camp and stand firm, show that we will not lend aid, and the enemy will press their advantage and advance rashly; with no rescue for Ma Wu, his men will fight twice as hard. Su Mao's host will tire; I will strike their exhaustion and can win.' Su Mao and Zhou Jian threw their whole strength against Ma Wu. The fight wore on until several dozen stalwarts in Wang Ba's ranks, Lu Run among them, cut their hair and begged to be sent in.
34
霸知士心銳，乃開營後，出精騎襲其背。 茂、建前後受敵，驚亂敗走，霸、武各歸營。 賊復聚觿挑戰，霸堅臥不出，方饗士作倡樂。 茂雨射營中，中霸前酒樽，霸安坐不動。 軍吏皆曰：「茂前日已破； 今易擊也。 」霸曰：「不然。 蘇茂客兵遠來，糧食不足，故數挑戰，以儌一切之勝。 [一]今閉營休士，所謂不戰而屈人之兵，善之善者也。 」茂、建既不得戰，乃引還營。 其夜，建兄子誦反，閉城拒之，茂、建遁去，誦以城降。
Reading the men's fighting spirit, Wang Ba opened the rear of his camp and sent picked cavalry against the enemy's rear. Caught front and rear, Su Mao and Zhou Jian broke in panic; Wang Ba and Ma Wu each drew back to camp. The rebels massed again and offered battle; Wang Ba stayed shut in his camp and feasted his men to music. Su Mao showered the camp with arrows and struck the wine cup before Wang Ba; Wang Ba sat unmoved. His officers said, 'Su Mao was beaten the other day—' he should be easy meat now.' Wang Ba said, 'No.' Su Mao's auxiliaries have come a long way and are short of food; that is why he keeps challenging us, angling for a lucky stroke.' [One] To rest the army behind closed gates is the best of the best—to win without fighting.' Unable to bring him to battle, Su Mao and Zhou Jian withdrew to camp. That night Zhou Jian's nephew Zhou Song mutinied, barred the gates against them, and Su Mao and Zhou Jian fled; Zhou Song surrendered the city.
35
注[一]儌，要也。 一切猶權時也。
Commentary [one]: Jiao here means to seek or angle for. One-moment means a temporary or opportune stroke.
36
五年春，帝使太中大夫持節拜霸為討虜將軍。 六年，屯田新安。 八年，屯*[田]*函谷關。 擊滎陽、中牟盜賊，皆平之。
In the spring of the fifth year the emperor sent a grand palace grandee with credentials to name Wang Ba general who campaigns against the Caitiffs. In the sixth year he opened tuntian fields at Xin'an. In the eighth year he garrisoned the Hangu Pass. He reduced the bandits of Xingyang and Zhongmou and pacified them.
37
九年，霸與吳漢及橫野大將軍王常、建義大將軍朱佑、破奸將軍侯進等五萬餘人，擊盧芳將賈覽、閔堪於高柳。 匈奴遣騎助芳，漢車遇雨，戰不利。 吳漢還洛陽，令朱佑屯常山，王常屯涿郡，侯進屯漁陽。 璽書拜霸上谷太守，領屯兵如故，捕擊胡虜，無拘郡界。 [一]明年，霸復與吳漢等四將軍六萬人出高柳擊賈覽，詔霸與漁陽太守陳欣將兵為諸軍鋒。 匈奴左南將軍將數千騎救覽，霸等連戰於平城下，破之，追出塞，斬首數百級。 霸及諸將還入鴈門，與驃騎大將軍杜茂會攻盧芳將尹由於崞、繁畤，不克。 [二]
In the ninth year Wang Ba joined Wu Han, Wang Chang the field general, Zhu You who establishes righteousness, Hou Jin who breaks treachery, and more than fifty thousand others against Lu Fang's generals Jia Lan and Min Kan at Gaoliu. The Xiongnu sent cavalry to help Lu Fang; the Han army was caught in the rain and the battle went badly. Wu Han went back to Luoyang while Zhu You was ordered to hold Changshan, Wang Chang Zhuo commandery, and Hou Jin Yuyang. Imperial rescript named him governor of Shanggu, keeping his garrison command as before, with authority to pursue Hu raiders without respect to commandery boundaries. [One] The next year Wang Ba again joined Wu Han and four other generals with sixty thousand men out of Gaoliu against Jia Lan; the edict told Wang Ba and Yuyang governor Chen Xin to lead the van of the combined armies. The Xiongnu left south general came with several thousand horsemen to relieve Jia Lan; Wang Ba and his colleagues fought them repeatedly below Pingcheng, broke them, and pursued beyond the passes for several hundred heads. Wang Ba and the generals re-entered Yanmen and with Du Mao, grand general of valiant cavalry, attacked Lu Fang's officer Yin You at Guo and Fanzhi but could not carry the places. Endnote marker [two] in the received text.
38
注[一]拘猶限也。
Commentary [one]: Ju here means to confine or limit.
39
注[二]崞及繁畤皆縣名，屬鴈門郡，並今代州縣也，有崞山焉。 崞音郭。
Commentary [two]: Guo and Fanzhi were counties in Yanmen commandery, both in the present Daizhou region, near Mount Guo. Guo is read like guo.
40
十三年，增邑戶，更封向侯。 [一]是時，盧芳與匈奴、烏桓連兵，寇盜尤數，緣邊愁苦。 詔霸將□刑徒六千餘人，與杜茂治飛狐道，[二]堆石布土，築起亭障，自代至平城三百餘里。 凡與匈奴、烏桓大小數十百戰，頗識邊事，數上書言宜與匈奴結和親，又陳委輸可從溫水漕，[三]以省陸轉輸之勞，事皆施行。
In the thirteenth year his fief was enlarged and he was transferred to the marquisate of Xiang. [One] Lu Fang was then in league with the Xiongnu and Wuhuan; raids were constant and the frontier suffered. By edict Wang Ba led more than six thousand remitted convict laborers with Du Mao to repair the Flying Fox road, [two] piling stone and earth to raise watchtowers and walls for more than three hundred li from Dai to Pingcheng. He fought the Xiongnu and Wuhuan dozens or hundreds of times, large and small, and knew the frontier well; he repeatedly memorialized for peace and marriage with the Xiongnu and proposed shipping supplies up the Warm Water canal [three] to spare the labor of overland haulage—measures that were adopted.
41
後南單于、烏桓降服，北邊無事。 霸在上谷二十餘歲。 三十年，定封淮陵侯。 [四]永平二年，以病免，後數月卒。
After the southern chanyu and the Wuhuan submitted, the north was quiet. Wang Ba spent more than twenty years at Shanggu. In the thirtieth year his title was fixed as marquis of Huailing. [Four] In the second year of Yongping he stepped down for illness and died a few months later.
42
注[一]向，縣名，屬沛郡。 左傳曰：「莒人入向。 」案：今密州莒縣南又有向城。
Commentary [one]: Xiang was a county in Pei commandery. The Zuo Commentary says, 'The people of Ju entered Xiang.' Note: south of present-day Ju county in Mizhou there is another town called Xiang.
43
注[二]飛狐道在今蔚州飛狐縣，北通媯州懷戎縣，即古之飛狐口也。
Commentary [two]: The Flying Fox road ran through present-day Flying Fox county in Weizhou, northward to Huairong in Guizhou—the ancient Flying Fox defile.
44
注[三]水經注曰，溫余水出上谷居庸關東，又東過軍都縣南，又東過薊縣北。
Commentary [three]: The Commentary on the Water Classic traces the Warm Remainder River from east of Juyong pass in Shanggu east past Jun county south and Ji county north.
45
益通以運漕也。
Widening it would ease canal transport.
46
注[四]淮陵，縣，屬臨淮郡。
Commentary [four]: Huailing was a county in Linhuai commandery.
47
子符嗣，徙封軑侯。 [一]符卒，子度嗣。 度尚顯宗女浚儀長公主，為黃門郎。
His son Wang Fu inherited and was later moved to the marquisate of Zhi. [One] When Fu died, his son Du succeeded. Du married Emperor Ming's daughter, the senior princess of Junyi, and served as a gentleman of the Yellow Gates.
48
度卒，子歆嗣。
When Du died, his son Xin inherited.
49
注[一]軑，縣，屬江夏郡。 軑音大。
Commentary [one]: Zhi was a county in Jiangxia commandery. Zhi is read like dai.
50
祭遵及祭肜
The text turns to Zhai Zun and Zhai Rong.
51
祭遵字弟孫，[一]穎川穎陽人也。 少好經書。 家富給，而遵恭儉，惡衣服。 喪母，負土起墳。 嘗為部吏所侵，結客殺之。 初，縣中以其柔也，既而皆憚焉。
Zhai Zun, courtesy name Disun, [one] was a man of Yingyang in Yingchuan. From boyhood he loved the classical texts. His household was wealthy, yet Zhai Zun was modest and plain and disdained fine dress. When his mother died he carried earth to build her tomb. A department clerk had once wronged him; he gathered clients and killed the man. At first the county thought him mild; afterward everyone feared him.
52
注[一]祭音側界反。
Commentary [one]: The surname Ji is read with the ce-jie fan spelling.
53
及光武破王尋等，還過穎陽，遵以縣吏數進見，光武愛其容儀，署為門下史。
After Guangwu broke Wang Xun and his host and passed Yingyang again, Zhai Zun, as a county clerk, was admitted several times; Guangwu admired his bearing and made him a gate clerk-scribe.
54
從征河北，為軍市令。 捨中兒犯法，遵格殺之。 光武怒，命收遵。 時主簿陳副諫曰：「明公常欲觿軍整齊，今遵奉法不避，是教令所行也。 」光武乃貰之，[一]以為刺奸將軍。 謂諸將曰：「當備祭遵！ 吾捨中兒犯法尚殺之，必不私諸卿也。 」尋拜為偏將軍，從平河北，以功封列侯。
He campaigned north of the Yellow River as army market commandant. A boy from the headquarters broke the law and Zhai Zun had him executed on the spot. Guangwu was furious and ordered Zhai Zun arrested. Chief clerk Chen Fu remonstrated, 'You want the army kept in good order; Zhai Zun enforces the law without favor—that is exactly how orders are carried out.' Guangwu pardoned him [one] and named him general who probes treachery. He told his generals, 'Watch yourselves around Zhai Zun—' he killed even a boy from my own quarters for breaking the law; he will show you no private favor.' Soon he was made lieutenant general, followed the pacification of Hebei, and was enfeoffed a full marquis for his merit.
55
注[一]貰猶赦也。
Commentary [one]: Shi means to pardon.
56
建武二年春，拜征虜將軍，定封穎陽侯。 與驃騎大將軍景丹、建義大將軍朱佑、漢忠將軍王常、騎都尉王梁、臧宮等入箕關，[一]南擊弘農、厭新、柏華蠻中賊。 [二]弩中遵口，洞出流血，觿見遵傷，稍引退，遵呼叱止之，士卒戰皆自倍，遂大破之。 時新城蠻中山賊張滿，[三]屯結險隘為人害，詔遵攻之。 遵絕其糧道，滿數挑戰，遵堅壁不出。 而厭新、柏華餘賊復與滿合，遂攻得霍陽聚，[四]遵乃分兵擊破降之。 明年春，張滿饑困，城拔，生獲之。 初，滿祭祀天地，自雲當王，既執，歎曰：「讖文誤我！ 」乃斬之，夷其妻子。 遵引兵南擊鄧奉弟終於杜衍，破之。 [五]
In the spring of the second year of Jianwu he was named general who campaigns against the Caitiffs with a fixed fief as marquis of Yingyang. With Jing Dan, Zhu You, Wang Chang, Wang Liang, Zang Gong, and others he entered Ji Pass [one] and struck south against the Man bandits of Hongnong, Yanxin, and Baihua. [Two] A crossbow bolt pierced Zhai Zun's mouth and came out bleeding; the men, seeing him hurt, began to fall back until he roared them to a halt, and they fought twice as hard and routed the enemy. [Three] Zhang Man of the Zhongshan bandits in Xincheng Man was holding the defiles to plague the region; Zhai Zun was ordered against him. Zhai Zun severed his supply line; Zhang Man challenged again and again, but Zhai Zun stayed behind his walls. The remnants of Yanxin and Baihua joined Zhang Man, took the Huoyang stockade, [four] until Zhai Zun divided his force, broke them, and received their surrender. The next spring, starving and trapped, Zhang Man lost his fort and was taken alive. He had sacrificed to Heaven and Earth, claiming the omens made him king; when captured he sighed, "The prophecy texts misled me!" He was beheaded and his wife and children extirpated. Zhai Zun marched south and defeated Deng Feng's younger brother Deng Zhong at Duyan. The chapter carries the marginal note [five] at this break in the narrative.
57
注[一]箕關，解在鄧禹傳。
Commentary [one]: Ji Pass is explained in the biography of Deng Yu.
58
注[二]東觀記曰柏華聚也。
Commentary [two]: The Eastern View Records identifies the place as the Baihua stockade.
59
注[三]新城，縣名，屬河南郡，今伊闕縣也。
Commentary [three]: Xincheng was a county in Henan commandery, in the area of present-day Yique.
60
注[四]有霍陽山，故名焉，俗謂之張侯城，在今汝州西南。
Commentary [four]: It is named for Mount Huoyang; popular usage calls it Marquis Zhang's fort, southwest of present-day Nanyang in Dengzhou.
61
注[五]杜衍，縣名，屬南陽郡，故城在今鄧州南陽縣西南。
Commentary [five]: Duyan was a county in Nanyang commandery, southwest of present-day Nanyang in Dengzhou.
62
時涿郡太守張豐執使者舉兵反，自稱無上大將軍，與彭寵連兵。 四年，遵與朱佑及建威大將軍耿弇﹑驍騎將軍劉喜俱擊之。 遵兵先至，急攻豐，豐功曹孟□執豐降。 [15]初，豐好方術，有道士言豐當為天子，以五彩囊裹石系豐肘，雲石中有玉璽。 豐信之，遂反。 既執當斬，猶曰：「肘石有玉璽。 」遵為椎破之，豐乃知被詐，仰天歎曰：「當死無所恨！ 」諸將皆引還，遵受詔留屯良鄉拒彭寵。 因遣護軍傅玄襲擊寵將李豪於潞，大破之，斬首千餘級。 相拒歲餘，數挫其鋒，黨與多降者。 及寵死，遵進定其地。
Zhang Feng, governor of Zhuo, seized an imperial envoy, rose in arms, styled himself unsurpassed grand general, and joined forces with Peng Chong. In the fourth year Zhai Zun joined Zhu You, Geng Yan the grand general who establishes might, and Liu Xi the valiant cavalry general in the attack. Zhai Zun's troops arrived first and stormed Zhang Feng; Feng's merit clerk Meng (name lacuna) seized Feng and surrendered him. [15] Zhang Feng had dabbled in occult arts; a Daoist told him he was destined to be Son of Heaven, tied a five-colored bag holding a stone to his elbow, and claimed a jade seal lay inside the stone. Zhang Feng believed him and rebelled. Even on the execution ground he insisted, "The stone on my elbow holds the jade seal." Zhai Zun smashed it with a mallet; Zhang Feng saw the fraud, looked to heaven, and said, "I deserve death and bear no grudge!" The other generals withdrew while Zhai Zun, by edict, stayed to hold Liangxiang against Peng Chong. He sent the protector of the army, Fu Xuan, to fall on Peng Chong's general Li Hao at Lu, routed him, and took more than a thousand heads. They faced each other for over a year; Zhai Zun repeatedly blunted the enemy's edge and many of their followers came over. When Peng Chong died, Zhai Zun advanced and pacified the territory.
63
六年春，詔遵與建威大將軍耿弇﹑虎牙大將軍蓋延﹑漢忠將軍王常﹑捕虜將軍馬武﹑驍騎將軍劉歆﹑武威將軍劉尚等從天水伐公孫述。 [16]師次長安，時車駕亦至，而隗囂不欲漢兵上隴，辭說解故。 [17]帝召諸將議。 皆曰：「可且延囂日月之期，益封其將帥，以消散之。 」遵曰：「囂挾奸久矣。 今若按甲引時，則使其詐謀益深，而蜀警增備，固不如遂進。 」帝從之，乃遣遵為前行。 隗囂使其將王元拒隴坻，遵進擊，破之，追至新關。 及諸將到，與囂戰，並敗，引退下隴。 乃詔遵軍汧，耿弇軍漆，征西大將軍馮異軍栒邑，大司馬吳漢等還屯長安。 自是後遵數挫隗囂。 事已見馮異傳。
In the spring of the sixth year an edict ordered Zhai Zun to join Geng Yan, Gai Yan, Wang Chang, Ma Wu, Liu Xin, Liu Shang, and others from Tianshui in the campaign against Gongsun Shu. [16] The army halted at Chang'an as the emperor arrived, but Wei Ao refused to let Han forces up onto Long and pleaded excuses. [17] The emperor called the generals into council. They said, "We might stall Wei Ao for a time, enlarge the fiefs of his generals, and so break him up.' Zhai Zun said, 'Wei Ao has long nursed treachery.' To halt the army now would only deepen his plots and let Shu tighten its defenses—we had better strike at once.' The emperor agreed and sent Zhai Zun ahead as vanguard. Wei Ao posted Wang Yuan to hold the Long mound; Zhai Zun attacked, broke him, and chased him to Xin Pass. When the full host came up they fought Wei Ao, were defeated together, and fell back off Long. An edict then stationed Zhai Zun at Qian, Geng Yan at Qi, Feng Yi the grand general who campaigns west at Xunyi, and Wu Han the grand marshal and others back to garrison Chang'an. Thereafter Zhai Zun repeatedly worsted Wei Ao. The details are given in the biography of Feng Yi.
64
八年秋，復從車駕上隴。 及囂破，帝東歸過汧，幸遵營，勞饗士卒，作黃門武樂，良夜乃罷[18]。 時遵有疾，詔賜重茵，覆以御蓋。 復令進屯隴下。 及公孫述遣兵救囂，吳漢﹑耿弇等悉奔還，遵獨留不卻[19]。 九年春，卒於軍。
In the autumn of the eighth year he again accompanied the emperor up onto Long. When Wei Ao fell the emperor returned east by way of Qian, visited Zhai Zun's camp, feasted the troops to Yellow Gate martial music, and kept the revel far into the night [18]. Zhai Zun was ill; the court sent him a thick mat and covered him with the imperial umbrella. He was ordered forward to garrison below Long. When Gongsun Shu sent troops to relieve Wei Ao, Wu Han and Geng Yan all fled back, but Zhai Zun alone did not retreat [19]. He died in camp in the spring of the ninth year.
65
遵為人廉約小心，克己奉公，賞賜輒盡與士卒，家無私財，身衣韋稿，布被，夫人裳不加緣[20]，帝以是重焉。 及卒，愍悼之尤甚。 遵喪至河南縣，詔遣百官先會喪所，車駕素服臨之，望哭哀慟。 還幸城門，過其車騎，涕泣不能已[21]。
Zhai Zun was frugal and cautious, strict with himself and loyal to the public good: he gave every reward to the ranks, kept no private wealth, wore leather and hemp, slept under a hemp coverlet, and would not let his wife hem her skirts [20]—for this the emperor held him in the highest regard. When he died the ruler mourned him with unusual depth. When the bier reached Henan county the edict had the high officials gather first at the mourning hall; the emperor came in plain dress, looked on the catafalque, and wept bitterly. Returning, he stopped again at the city gate as Zhai Zun's escort passed and wept until he could not stop [21].
66
喪禮成，復親祠以太牢，如宣帝臨霍光故事[22]。 詔大長秋、謁者、河南尹護喪事，大司農給費。 博士范升上疏，追稱遵曰：「臣聞先王崇政，尊美屏惡[23]。
When the funeral rites were done he sacrificed in person with a great victim, following the precedent of Emperor Xuan's visit to Huo Guang [22]. He ordered the grand chief steward, the herald, and the governor of Henan to supervise the funeral while the grand minister of agriculture paid the costs. Doctor Fan Sheng memorialized in praise of Zhai Zun: "I have heard that the kings of old exalted good government, honored the worthy, and barred the wicked [23].
67
昔高祖大聖，深見遠慮，班爵割地，與下分功，著錄勳臣，頌其德美。 生則寵以殊禮，奏事不名，入門不趨[24]。 死則疇其爵邑，世無絕嗣[25]，丹書鐵券，傳於無窮[26]。 斯誠大漢厚下安人長久之德，所以累世十餘，歷載數百[27]，
Gaozu was a sage of deep foresight: he ranked nobles, carved out domains, shared merit with his helpers, recorded his meritorious ministers, and sang their virtues. In life they received extraordinary honors—memorials without naming them, entry to court without hurrying [24]. In death their fiefs continued and their lines were never cut off [25]; vermilion writs and iron tallies passed down without end [26]. Such was the Han's deep kindness to the people and its policy of endurance through many reigns and centuries [27],
68
廢而復興，絕而復續者也。 陛下以至德受命，先明漢道，□序輔佐，封賞功臣，同符祖宗。 征虜將軍穎陽侯遵，不幸早薨。 陛下仁恩，為之感傷，遠迎河南，惻怛之慟，形於聖躬，喪事用度，仰給縣官，重賜妻子，不可勝數。 送死有以加生，厚亡有以過存，矯俗厲化，卓如日月[28]。
so that what fell was raised again and what seemed ended went on. Your Majesty, receiving the mandate in the highest virtue, has clarified the Han way, set your helpers in order, and enfeoffed your meritorious servants in accord with the founders. The general who campaigns against the Caitiffs, Marquis Zun of Yingyang, has died before his time. Your benevolence has moved you to grief, to go far to meet the bier in Henan and show sorrow in your own person; funeral costs drawn from the treasury and lavish gifts to his wife and children are beyond reckoning. You have honored the dead beyond the living and mourned the lost more generously than the surviving—reforming custom in a splendor like sun and moon [28].
69
古者臣疾君視，臣卒君吊[29]，德之厚者也。 陵□已來久矣。 及至陛下，復興斯禮，腢下感動，莫不自勵。 臣竊見遵修行積善，竭忠於國，北平漁陽，西拒隴、蜀，先登坻上[30]，深取略陽。 觿兵既退，獨守磨難[31]。 制御士心，不越法度。 所在吏人，不知有軍[32]。 清名聞於海內，廉白著於當世。 所得賞賜，輒盡與吏士，身無奇衣，家無私財。 同產兄午以遵無子，娶妾送之，遵乃使人逆而不受，自以身任於國，不敢圖生慮繼嗣之計。 臨死遺誡牛車載喪，薄葬洛陽。 問以家事，終無所言。 任重道遠，死而後已[33]。 遵為將軍，取士皆用儒術，對酒設樂，必雅歌投壺[34]。 又建為孔子立後，奏置五經大夫。
Of old the ruler visited a sick minister and condoled a dead one [29]—the mark of the deepest virtue. That practice had long faded since the decline of the Later Han. Under Your Majesty it is revived; every officer is stirred to give his best. I have observed that Zhai Zun cultivated virtue and served the state with utter loyalty—pacifying Yuyang in the north, holding Long and Shu in the west, first scaling the Long heights [30], and boldly taking Lueyang. When the army drew back he alone held on through the worst [31]. He mastered his men's hearts without stepping outside the law. Wherever he was stationed the local people scarcely knew an army was camped among them [32]. His fair name filled the realm and his integrity shone in his own age. He passed every gift to officers and men, wore no finery, and kept no private fortune. His elder brother Wu, because Zhai Zun had no son, sent him a concubine; Zhai Zun sent her back, pledging his body to the state and refusing to think of heirs while alive. Dying, he ordered an ox cart for his bier and a plain burial in Luoyang. Asked about his household, he said nothing at the last. Heavy was the burden and long the road—he stopped only with death [33]. As a general he chose his men for Confucian learning; at wine he set music and always sang the classical hymns and played pitch-pot [34]. He also had an heir appointed for Confucius and memorialized for doctors of the Five Classics.
70
742頁
Source edition, page 742.
71
744頁
Source edition, page 744.
72
無子，國除。 兄午，官至酒泉太守。 從弟肜[41]。
He had no son, and the marquisate was abolished. His elder brother Wu rose to be governor of Jiuquan. His paternal cousin was Zhai Rong [41].
73
肜字次孫，早孤，以至孝見稱。 遇天下亂，野無煙火，而獨在頤側。 每賊過，見其尚幼而有志節，皆奇而哀之。
Zhai Rong, courtesy name Cisun, was orphaned young and was famed for his filial devotion. When the realm fell into chaos and the countryside knew no hearthfires, he stayed alone at his widowed mother's side. Raiders who passed saw that though he was a boy he had backbone, and they marveled and pitied him.
74
光武初以遵故，拜肜為黃門侍郎，常在左右。 及遵卒無子，帝追傷之，以肜為偃師長，令近遵墳墓，四時奉祠之。 肜有權略，視事五歲，縣無盜賊，課為第一，遷襄賁令[42]。 時天下郡國尚未悉平，襄賁盜賊白日公行。 肜至，誅破奸猾，殄其支黨，數年，襄賁政清。 璽書勉勵，增秩一等，賜縑百匹。
At first Guangwu, for Zhai Zun's sake, named Zhai Rong a gentleman-attendant at the Yellow Gates and kept him always at his side. When Zhai Zun died without an heir the emperor grieved and made Rong magistrate of Yanshi so he could tend the tomb and sacrifice at the four seasons. Zhai Rong had resource and drive; in five years as magistrate he cleared the county of bandits, ranked first in assessment, and was moved to Xiangben [42]. The empire was not yet fully pacified, and in Xiangben bandits walked abroad in broad daylight. Zhai Rong arrived, executed the ringleaders, extirpated their gangs, and within a few years Xiangben was clean. An imperial rescript praised him, raised his rank one grade, and gave him a hundred bolts of silk.
75
當是時，匈奴、鮮卑及赤山烏桓連和強盛，數入塞殺略吏人。 朝廷以為憂，益增緣邊兵，郡有數千人，又遣諸將分屯障塞。 帝以肜為能，建武十七年，拜遼東太守。 至則勵兵馬，廣斥候。 肜有勇力，能貫三百斤弓。 虜每犯塞，常為士卒*[前]*鋒[43]，數破走之。 二十一年秋，鮮卑萬餘騎寇遼東，肜率數千人迎擊之，自被甲陷陳，虜大奔，投水死者過半，遂窮追出塞，虜急，皆棄兵祼身散走，斬首三千餘級，獲馬數千匹。 自是後鮮卑震怖，畏肜不敢復窺塞。 肜以三虜連和，卒為邊害[44]，二十五年，乃使招呼鮮卑，示以財利。 其大都護偏何[45]遣使奉獻，願得歸化，肜慰納賞賜，稍復親附。
The Xiongnu, Xianbei, and Chishan Wuhuan had allied and grown strong, raiding the passes again and again to kill and plunder. The court was troubled, thickened the border garrisons to several thousand men per commandery, and sent generals to hold the defiles. Judging Zhai Rong able, in the seventeenth year of Jianwu the emperor named him governor of Liaodong. On arrival he drilled horses and men and pushed out his scouts. Zhai Rong was strong enough to draw a bow of three hundred jin. Whenever the raiders hit the frontier he always led from the front of his men [43] and repeatedly drove them off. In the autumn of the twenty-first year over ten thousand Xianbei horsemen raided Liaodong; Zhai Rong met them with a few thousand, fought in the van in full armor, and routed them so badly that more than half drowned fleeing across water. He chased them beyond the passes until, desperate, they threw away arms and ran naked. He took more than three thousand heads and several thousand horses. After that the Xianbei were terrified of Zhai Rong and dared not approach the passes. Because the three barbarian powers in league would be a lasting border threat [44], in the twenty-fifth year Zhai Rong summoned the Xianbei and tempted them with profit. Their great chief protector, Pian He [45], sent envoys with tribute and offered submission; Zhai Rong welcomed them, rewarded them, and gradually drew them close again.
76
745頁
Source edition, page 745.
77
其異種滿離、高句驪之屬，遂駱驛款塞，上貂裘好馬，帝輒倍其賞賜。 其後偏何邑落諸豪並歸義，願自效。 肜曰：「審欲立功，當歸擊匈奴，斬送頭首乃信耳。 」偏何等皆仰天指心曰：「必自效！ 」即擊匈奴左伊* (袟) **[秩]*訾部[46]，斬首二千餘級，持頭詣郡。 其後歲歲相攻，輒送首級受賞賜。 自是匈奴衰弱，邊無寇警，鮮卑、烏桓並入朝貢。 肜為人質厚重毅，體貌絕觿。 撫夷狄以恩信，皆畏而愛之，故得其死力。 初，赤山烏桓數犯上谷，為邊害，詔書設購賞，* (功) **[切]*責州郡[47]，不能禁。 肜乃率勵偏何，遣往討之。 永平元年，偏何擊破赤山，斬其魁帥，持首詣肜，塞外震讋[48]。 肜之威聲，暢於北方，西自武威，東盡玄菟及樂浪，胡夷皆來內附，野無風塵。 乃悉罷緣邊屯兵。
Other peoples such as the Manli and Koguryo then came in steady streams to the passes with sable and fine horses, and the emperor always doubled their rewards. Later the chiefs of Pian He's settlements all submitted and offered their service. Zhai Rong said, 'If you truly want merit, go back and strike the Xiongnu and bring me heads—then I will believe you.' Pian He and his men looked to heaven, laid hand on heart, and cried, 'We will serve you!' They thereupon struck the Xiongnu left Yiwei-rank Zi division [46], took more than two thousand heads, and brought the heads to the commandery seat. (The manuscript gives a variant graph for the second syllable of the Xiongnu title.) The Yiwei-rank Zi division [46] lost more than two thousand men; they brought the heads to the commandery seat. Year after year they fought one another and regularly sent in heads for their rewards. The Xiongnu thereafter waned, the border knew no alarms, and Xianbei and Wuhuan alike came to court with tribute. Zhai Rong was stolid and resolute, with a striking presence among men. He ruled the Yi and Di with grace and good faith; they feared and loved him and so gave him their utmost strength. At first the Chishan Wuhuan had repeatedly raided Shanggu and plagued the frontier; an edict offered a bounty, * (textual variant: merit) and sternly rebuked the commanderies [47] for failing to stop them. Zhai Rong then roused Pian He and sent him to punish them. In the first year of Yongping, Pian He crushed the Red Mountain band, beheaded their chief, and brought the head to Zhai Rong; beyond the passes all trembled [48]. Zhai Rong's name carried through the north from Wuwei in the west to Xuandu and Lelang in the east; Hu and Yi came in to submit and the steppe knew no dust of war. The court was then able to dismiss the frontier garrisons.
78
746頁及之後
Source edition, page 746 and following.
79
十二年，徵為太僕。 肜在遼東幾三十年，衣無兼副。 顯宗既嘉其功，又美肜清約，拜日，賜錢百萬，馬三匹，衣被刀□下至居室什物，大小無不悉備。 帝每見肜，常歎息以為可屬以重任。 後從東巡狩，過魯，坐孔子講堂，顧指子路室謂左右曰：「此太僕之室。 太僕，吾之禦侮也。 」[49]十六年，使肜以太僕將萬餘騎與南單于左賢王信伐北匈奴，期至涿邪山。 信初有嫌於肜，行出高闕塞九百餘里，得小山，乃妄言以為涿邪山。 肜到不見虜而還，坐逗留畏懦下獄免。 肜性沉毅內重，自恨見詐無功，出獄數日，歐血死。
In the twelfth year he was summoned to the post of grand coachman. He had been in Liaodong nearly thirty years and still had no second suit of clothes. Emperor Ming admired both his service and his austerity; on the day of his promotion he gave him a million cash, three horses, clothes, quilts, a knife (character missing in text), and every need of his household down to the smallest utensil. Whenever the emperor saw Zhai Rong he would sigh that here was a man fit for the heaviest charge. Later, on an eastern tour, he passed through Lu, sat in Confucius's lecture hall, and pointing to the chamber once assigned to Zilu said to those beside him, 'That was the grand coachman's room.' The grand coachman is my shield against insult.' [49] In the sixteenth year he sent Zhai Rong as grand coachman with more than ten thousand horsemen and the southern chanyu's left worthy king, Xin, against the northern Xiongnu, with a rendezvous at Mount Zhuoxie. Xin had borne a grudge against Zhai Rong; marching more than nine hundred li beyond Gaoque Pass he found a low hill and falsely declared it Mount Zhuoxie. Zhai Rong found no enemy and withdrew; for dilatoriness and cowardice he was jailed and stripped of office. Deeply ashamed of having been tricked into failure, he vomited blood and died a few days after leaving prison.
80
臨終謂其子曰：「吾蒙國厚恩，奉使不稱，微績不立，身死誠慚恨。 義不可以無功受賞，死後，若悉簿上所得賜物[50]，身自詣兵屯，效死前行，以副吾心。」
At the last he told his son, 'I have received too much from the state; I disgraced my mission and won no merit. My death is true shame and regret.' Honor does not allow reward without merit. After I die, register every gift the court gave me [50], take yourself to the camp, and die in the vanguard—that would match my heart.'"
81
既卒，其子逢上疏具陳遺言。 帝雅重肜，方更任用，聞之大驚，召問逢疾狀，嗟歎者良久焉。 烏桓、鮮卑追思肜無已，每朝賀京師，常過頤拜謁，仰天號泣乃去。 遼東吏人為立祠，四時奉祭焉。
When he died, his son Zhai Feng memorialized his last words in full. The emperor, who had thought highly of Zhai Rong and meant to employ him again, was stunned; he summoned Feng to ask how the illness had gone and sighed a long while. The Wuhuan and Xianbei could not forget Zhai Rong: whenever they came to the capital for court they would detour to his tomb, wail to heaven, and only then leave. The officials and people of Liaodong built him a shrine and sacrificed at the four seasons.
82
肜既葬，子參遂詣奉車都尉竇固，從軍擊車師有功，稍遷遼東太守。 永元中，鮮卑入郡界，參坐沮敗，下獄死。 肜子孫多為邊吏者，皆有名稱。
After Zhai Rong's burial his son Shen joined coach commandant Dou Gu, campaigned against Jushi with distinction, and rose to governor of Liaodong. During the Yongyuan era the Xianbei entered the commandery; Shen was charged with defeat, thrown into prison, and died. Many of Zhai Rong's descendants served on the frontier and all won good reputations.
83
論曰：祭肜武節剛方，動用安重，雖條侯、穰苴之倫，不能過也[51]。 且臨守偏海，政移獷俗[52]，徼人請符以立信，胡貊數級於郊下[53]，至乃臥鼓邊亭，滅烽幽障者將三十年。 古所謂「必世而後仁」[54]，豈不然哉！ 而一眚[55]之故，以致感憤，惜哉，畏法之敝也[56]！
The appraiser writes: Zhai Rong's military integrity was stern and steadfast, his conduct grave and sure—even men of the stamp of Marquis Tiao or Sima Rangju could not surpass him [51]. He governed a distant seaboard, turned rough frontier ways by policy [52], bound faith with tallies for the tribesmen [52], and piled Hu and Mo heads beneath the walls [53]; for almost thirty years the watchtowers could idle their drums and douse their beacon fires. This is what the ancients meant by 'benevolence must wait a generation' [54]—and was it not so here! Yet for one fault [55] he was driven to such grief—alas, the harm of making law too terrible [56]!
84
贊曰：期啟燕門，霸冰虖河。 祭遵好禮，臨戎雅歌。 肜抗遼左，邊廷懷和。
The encomium runs: Qi opened the gate of Yan; Ba froze the Hutuo. Zhai Zun loved ritual and sang the hymns in camp. Zhai Rong held the eastern Liaodong march; the court and the steppe met in peace.
85
校勘記
Section heading: collation notes.
86
七三一頁04行：從徇薊[2]按：集解引惠棟說，謂東觀記「從平河北」。
Collation note for p. 731 line 4: the Jijie cites Hui Dong that the Eastern View Records reads "followed the pacification of Hebei" instead of the Ji campaign.
87
七三一頁11行：披普彼反[4]按：「普」原斗「芳」，逕改正。
Collation note for p. 731 line 11: the gloss "pu" was corrupted as "fang" in the source and has been corrected.
88
七三一頁12行：[棗]今恆州棗城縣也[6]據集解引錢大昕說補。 按：「棗」當作「□」，字□禾，然各本正文注文皆作「棗」，今仍之。
Collation note for p. 731 line 12: bracketed "Zao" supplied per Qian Daxin's Jijie commentary. Collation: the graph should be another character with the grain radical, but all editions read "Zao"; the text is left unchanged.
89
七三二頁二行攝* (幩) **[幘]*復戰刊誤謂幩是馬扇汗，期被創中額，則是「幘」字。 王先謙謂東觀記正作「幘」。 今據改。 按：「幩」原斗「憤」，逕改正。
Collation note for p. 732 line 2: textual fragment "she". The variant reading is the head-wrap graph. Collation on "fight again": the head-wrap graph denotes a horse flank cloth; Qi was struck in the forehead, so the reading should be "ze" (headcloth). Wang Xianqian notes that the Eastern View Records correctly writes "ze". The text has been emended accordingly. Collation: the head-wrap graph was corrupted as "indignant" and has been corrected.
90
七三四頁二行復封丹弟統為建平侯按：集解引惠棟說，謂水經注作「平輿」，屬汝南也。
Collation note for p. 734 line 2: Jijie cites Hui Dong that the Shuijing zhu gives "Pingyu" in Runan for the fief.
91
七三五頁九行封王鄉侯按：殿本考證謂地理、郡國志無「王鄉」地名，「王」字疑誤。
Collation note for p. 735 line 9: the Dianben examination doubts the place name "Wang township" in the Treatise on Administrative Geography.
92
七三五頁一０行說文曰歋□手相笑也按：集解引孫星衍說，謂說文作「歋愈」，並無「□」字。 云「人相笑相歋愈」，不云「手相笑」。 注誤。
Collation note for p. 735 line 10: Jijie cites Sun Xingyan on the Shuowen gloss. The Shuowen defines mutual ridicule among people, not specifically hands. The commentary is judged erroneous.
93
七三五頁一五行死者脫衣以斂之傷者躬親以養之刊誤謂按文脫衣可言「以斂之」，躬親不宜復有「以」字。 按：「以斂之」與「以養之」相對成文，劉說泥。
Collation note for p. 735 line 15: Kanwu argues against redundant "to" before "nurture". Collation: the parallel "to bury" / "to nurture" is idiomatic; Liu's objection is rejected.
94
七三六頁八行茂觿疲勞按：御覽二八四引。 「茂」下有「建」字。
Collation note for p. 736 line 8: cited from Yulan 284. The citation adds the graph "Jian" after "Mao".
95
七三七頁一行屯*[田]*函谷關據汲本、殿本補。
Collation note for p. 737 line 1: "field" in garrison Hangu supplied from Ji and Dian editions.
96
七三八頁三行溫余水出上谷居庸關東按：「溫余水」當作「□余水」，說詳楊守敬水經註疏。
Collation note for p. 738 line 3: the river name as given should be emended per Yang Shoujing's Shuijing commentary.
97
七三九頁四行臧宮等入箕關按：集解引惠棟說，謂東觀記「箕關」作「天中關」。
Collation note for p. 739 line 4: Eastern View Records variant for Ji Pass.
98
七三九頁四行南擊弘農厭新柏華蠻中賊按：集解引沉欽韓說，謂紀要柏谷在陝州靈寶縣西南朱陽鎮，有柏谷亭。 「柏華」蓋「柏谷」之誤。
Collation note for p. 739 line 4: geographic gloss on Baigu versus Baihua. "Baihua" is probably a corruption of "Baigu".
99
七三九頁五行時新城蠻中山賊張滿按：集解引惠棟說，謂續志新城有鄤聚，今名蠻中。 說文作「□中」。
Collation note for p. 739 line 5: identification of Manzhong stockade. Shuowen writes the toponym with a different initial graph.
100
七三九頁八行鄧奉弟終按：集解引惠棟說，謂「終」一作「觿」，古通。
Collation note for p. 739 line 8: variant graphs for the younger brother's name.
101
七四一頁一四行先明漢道按：刊誤謂「先」當作「光」。
Collation note for p. 741 line 14: Kanwu emends "first" to "Guang" (Guangwu).
102
七四二頁08行：不忘俎豆[35]，按：王先謙謂東觀記作「不忘王室」。
Collation note for p. 742 line 08: variant wording in Eastern View Records.
103
七四二頁08行：可* (為) **[謂]*好禮悅樂[36]，據汲本、殿本改。
Collation fragment p. 742 line 08. This line records a textual variant. Collation: phrasing "love rites and delight in music" [36] adopted per Ji and Dian editions.
104
七四二頁11行：謚曰成侯[39]，按：集解引沉欽韓說，謂袁紀作「威侯」。
Collation note on posthumous title variant [39].
105
七四四頁03行：從弟肜[41]，按：汲本、殿本「肜」作「彤」，通鑒或作「彤」，或作「肜」。
Collation note on the graph for Zhai Rong's name [41].
106
七四四頁13行：常為士卒*[前]*鋒[43]，御覽三０二引作「常為士卒前鋒」，東觀記作「常為士卒先鋒」，今據御覽補「前」字。
Collation note [43] on "front" in vanguard.
107
七四五頁05行：即擊匈奴左伊* (袟) **[秩]*訾部[46]，據集解本改，與前書匈奴傳合。
Collation note for p. 745 line 05: title fragment. The note marks a variant graph in the Xiongnu title. Collation: Zi rank reading [46] aligned with the Former Han Xiongnu treatise.
108
七四五頁11行：* (功) **[切]*責州郡[47]，據刊誤改。
Collation fragment p. 745 line 11. The note marks an alternate graph in the manuscript. Collation: severe blame wording [47] per Kanwu.
109
漢官儀曰：「東西曹掾比四百石，余掾比三百石。 賊曹，主盜賊之事。」
Han guanyi: east and west bureau clerks rank at four hundred dan, other bureau clerks at three hundred dan. The bandit bureau handled banditry.
110
^2.02.1集解引惠棟說，謂東觀記「從平河北」。
Footnote: Jijie cites Hui Dong on the Eastern View Records variant.
111
周禮：「隸僕掌□宮中之事。 」鄭觿曰：「止行清道也，若今警蹕。 」說文「□」與「蹕」同。
Zhouli: the prison servant manages certain inner-palace duties. Zheng Zhong glosses: clearing the road for the ruler, as with modern jingbi. Shuowen equates the graph with bi (clearing the way).
112
^4.04.1披，普彼反。 按：「普」原斗「芳」，逕改正。
Footnote: reading for pi. Collation: emendation of the gloss.
113
樂陽，縣名，屬常山郡。
Leyang was a county in Changshan commandery.
114
^6.06.1*[棗]*，今恆州棗城縣也，故城在縣西。 據集解引錢大昕說補。 按：「棗」當作「□」，字□禾，然各本正文注文皆作「棗」，今仍之。
Footnote on Zao place name. Supplemented per Jijie citing Qian Daxin. Collation: graph discussion as in parallel note above.
115
肥累，故肥子國也，漢以為縣，故城在今棗城縣西南，並屬真定國。 累，音力追反。
Feilei was the old state of Fei, made a Han county southwest of present Zao city, within Zhending. Lei is read with the li-zhui fan spelling.
116
兒音五奚反。
Er is read with the wu-xi fan spelling.
117
攝猶正也。
She here means to set right or correct.
118
唯天子得稱警□。
Only the Son of Heaven may use the full clearing-of-the-way terminology (lacuna in text).
119
博平，縣名，屬東郡，在今博州縣也。
Boping was a county in Dong commandery, in the area of present-day Bo prefecture.
120
力，苦戰也。
The gloss explains *li* as denoting a hard-fought, grueling battle.
121
建平，縣名，屬沛郡，故城在今亳州酇縣西北，一名馬頭城。
Jianping was a county in Pei commandery; its former seat lay northwest of present-day Zui County in Bozhou, also known as Matou (“Horse Head”) City.
122
葛陵，縣名，故城在汝南，故鮦陽縣也。
Geling was a county whose ancient seat lay in Runan on the ground of the old Tongyang County.
123
說文曰：「□，臂上也。 」□音公弘反。
The *Shuowen* defines the graph *gong*, the standard character for the forearm, as the upper arm. The commentary gives its fanqie spelling as gong-hong.
124
續漢書曰：「上幸廣陽城門，設祖道，閱過諸將，以遵新破漁陽，令最在前。」
The *Xu Han shu* records that Guangwu went out to the Guangyang gate, laid a ritual send-off lane, and reviewed the generals as they rode by; because Zun had just crushed the enemy at Yuyang, the emperor had him lead the column.
125
解故謂解脫事故，以為辭說。
*Jie gu* means spinning an exculpatory story—casting off responsibility for what had gone wrong and dressing it up as reasoned explanation.
126
黃門，署名。 前書曰：「是時名倡皆集黃門。 」武樂，執干戚以舞也。 良猶深也，本或作「久」。
“Yellow Gates” (*huangmen*) was the name of an imperial bureau. The earlier history notes that celebrated performers were then assembled at the Yellow Gates. “Martial music” meant dancers bearing shield and battle-axe in the military choreography. Here *liang* carries the sense “deep”; some manuscripts read *jiu* instead.
127
東觀記曰：「時遵屯汧。 詔書曰：『將軍連年距難，觿兵即卻，復獨按部，功勞爛然。 兵退無宿戒，徹食不豫具，今乃調度，恐力不堪。 國家知將軍不易，亦不遺力。 今送縑千匹，以賜吏士。』」
The *Dongguan ji* notes that Zun was then encamped along the Qian River. The edict ran: “Year on year you have borne the brunt of the fighting; though arms clash at your front, you alone keep your command in order—your service blazes with distinction.” “Your men march off without a standing garrison; when rations are cut there is no stockpile. If we reshuffle deployments now, I worry your command will be stretched past endurance.” “The court knows how hard this is on you, and it is not holding back support.” “Here are a thousand bolts of silk for you to distribute among your officers and men.””
128
「緣」或作「彩」。
One manuscript reads *cai* where others have *yuan*.
129
東觀記曰：「上還幸城門，閱過喪車，瞻望涕泣。」
The *Dongguan ji* adds that on his way back Guangwu halted at the gate, watched the hearses file past, lifted his eyes, and wept.
130
霍光薨，宣帝及上官太后親臨光喪，使太中大夫任宣、侍御史五人持節護喪事。 東觀記曰：「時下宣帝臨霍將軍儀，令公卿讀視，以為故事。」
At Huo Guang’s death, Emperor Xuan and Empress Dowager Shangguan both went in person to the lying-in-state; the throne dispatched Grand Palace Counsellor Ren Xuan and five attendant censors with credentialed staffs to oversee the obsequies. The *Dongguan ji* notes that Xuan’s obsequies for General Huo were then circulated in full for the high ministers to review as a model for state mourning.
131
孔子曰：「尊五美，屏四惡。」
Confucius speaks of “honoring the five beauties and casting out the four evils.”
132
前書曰：「蕭何奏事不名，入門不趨。」
The earlier annals record that Xiao He could submit memorials without signing his name and enter the palace gate without breaking into the hurried “mincing” gait.
133
疇，等也。 言功臣死後，子孫襲封，世世與先人等。
Here *chou* means “of the same rank” or “a match.” That is, once a founding minister died, his heirs kept the noble title in unbroken succession, each generation standing equal to the original honoree.
134
前書，高祖與功臣剖符作誓，丹書鐵契，金匱石室，藏之宗廟。
The *Han shu* recounts how Gaozu “clove the tallies” with his chief ministers, sealed oaths in vermilion on iron, and lodged those covenants—along with golden casings and stone archives—in the imperial temple.
135
漢興至此二百餘年，言「數百」者，謂以百數之。
The Han house had then stood for over two centuries; speaking of “several hundred” years is a round figure counted by centuries.
136
卓，高也。
Here *zhuo* means “lofty” or “eminent.”
137
前書賈山上書曰：「古之賢君於其臣也，尊其爵祿而親之，疾則臨視之無數，死則往吊哭之，臨其小斂大斂，可謂盡禮也，故臣下竭力盡死以報其上。」
Jia Shan’s memorial to Emperor Wen quotes the old ideal: a sage king raised his ministers in rank and salary, stayed close to them, visited them tirelessly when they were ill, mourned them at death, and attended both the minor and major laying-out—ritual carried to the limit—so that those below would spend their last breath repaying him.
138
即隴坻上。
That is, the Long Slope (*Long di*) divide.
139
磨，兵磨也。 謂吳漢、耿弇等悉奔還，唯遵獨留不卻。
The gloss takes *mo* as the clash and friction of armed hosts. While Wu Han, Geng Yan, and others broke off and rode for safety, Zun alone held his ground and did not pull back.
140
言不侵擾。
That is, his men did not molest the populace.
141
論語孔子曰：「仁以為己任，不亦重乎。 死而後已，不亦遠乎。」
Confucius says in the *Analects*: “If you make benevolence your burden, is it not a heavy one?” “You lay it down only at death—is that not a long road?”
142
雅歌謂雅詩也。 禮記投壺經曰：「壺頸修七寸，腹修五寸，口徑二寸半，容斗五升。 壺中實小豆焉，為其矢之躍而出也。 矢以柘若棘，長二尺八寸，無去其皮，取其堅而重。 投之勝者飲不勝者，以為優劣也。」
“Ya songs” refers to the court hymns of the *Book of Odes*. The pitch-pot chapter of the *Book of Rites* gives the vessel’s dimensions: a seven-inch neck, a five-inch belly, a two-and-a-half-inch mouth, and a capacity of one *dou* and five *sheng*. They filled the belly with small beans so the arrows would not ricochet out. The arrows were of mulberry or jujube, two feet eight inches long, bark left on for heft and stiffness. The winner drank while the loser went dry—an easy way to mark who was up and who was down.”
143
^35.035.1按：王先謙謂東觀記作「不忘王室」。
Wang Xianqian observes that the *Dongguan ji* wording should be “never forgot the royal house.”
144
^36.036.1據汲本、殿本改。
The text follows the Jie and Dian recensions.
145
謚法，周書之篇，周公制焉。
The “canons of posthumous names” come from a *Zhou* document traditionally ascribed to the Duke of Zhou.
146
容車，容飾之車，像生時也。 介士，甲士也。 東觀記曰：「遣校尉發騎士四百人，被玄甲、兜鍪，兵車軍陳送葬。」
The *rong* hearse was the ornamented chariot that reproduced the look of the man while alive. *Jie shi* means mailed escorts. The *Dongguan ji* adds that the court sent a colonel with four hundred mailed riders in black lacquer armor and helmets, drawn up with war wagons in battle order, to convoy the cortège.
147
^39.039.1按：集解引沉欽韓說，謂袁紀作「威侯」。
Shen Qinhan, cited in the collected commentary, notes that Fan Ye’s *Han ji* gives the posthumous style as “Marquis Wei.”
148
東觀記曰「上數嗟歎，□尉銚期見上感慟，對曰『陛下至仁，哀念祭遵不已，腢臣各懷慚懼』」也。
The *Dongguan ji* quotes Guangwu sighing repeatedly until Colonel Yao Qi, seeing his anguish, said: “Such boundless kindness—your mourning for Zun never slackens—leaves each of us ministers abashed and anxious.”
149
^41.041.1按：汲本、殿本「肜」作「彤」，通鑒或作「彤」，或作「肜」。
Manuscripts disagree on the character for Rong: Jie and Dian favor the graph read *tong* in the sense of cinnabar red, while the *Zizhi tongjian* alternates between that spelling and the form read *rong*.
150
襄賁，縣名，屬東海郡，故城在今沂州臨沂縣南。 賁音肥。
Xiangben County belonged to Donghai; its old seat lay south of modern Linyi in the Yi region. The second syllable *ben* is pronounced like English “fay” (*fei*).
151
^43.043.1御覽三０二引作「常為士卒前鋒」，東觀記作「常為士卒先鋒」，今據御覽補「前」字。
The *Yulan* quotation has “always led from the front for the troops,” whereas the *Dongguan ji* reads “vanguard for the soldiers”; the extra character *qian* (“ahead”) is restored from the *Yulan* text.
152
卒，終也。 三虜謂匈奴、鮮卑及赤山烏桓。
Here *zu* means “in the end” or “at last.” The “three barbarian powers” are the Xiongnu, Xianbei, and Wuhuan of Chishan.
153
鮮卑名也。
This is a Xianbei tribal designation.
154
^46.046.1即擊匈奴左伊* (袟) **[秩]*訾部，據集解本改，與前書匈奴傳合。
Scholarly note: the clause should continue “striking the Xiongnu Left Yi—” The damaged graph is *zhi*, the element meaning rank or order, and it belongs to the Xiongnu title. —*zhi zi* band; the reading follows the Jijie recension and aligns with the *Han shu* “Xiongnu Account.”
155
^47.047.1* (功) **[切]*責州郡，據刊誤改。
Further editorial note: The graph *qie*, read in the sense of cutting or incisive rebuke, begins the compound *qie ze*, to rebuke harshly. —*qie ze* (“sharply rebuke”) the commanderies; corrected from a mistaken graph per the *Kanwu*.
156
音之涉反。
Fanqie spelling: zhi-she.
157
尚書大傳曰：「孔子曰：『吾有四友焉。 自吾得回也，門人加親，是非胥附邪？ 自吾得賜也，遠方之士日至，是非奔走邪？ 自吾得師也，前有光，後有輝，是非先後邪？ 自吾得由也，惡言不至門，是非禦侮邪？』」
The *Shangshu dazhuan* quotes Confucius: “I count four true friends.” “Once I gained Hui, my students drew nearer to one another—is that not true *xu fu*?” “Once I gained Zigong, men from afar flocked in—is that not true *ben zou*?” “Once I gained Shi Ye, there was light ahead and glory behind—is that not *xian hou*?” “Once I gained Zhong You, slander never crossed my threshold—is that not *yu wu*?””
158
若，汝也。 皆為文簿而上之。
Here *ruo* is the pronoun “you.” Each office drew up written returns and forwarded them to the throne.
159
條侯，周亞夫也。 為將軍，軍於細柳，文帝幸其營，亞夫持兵揖曰：「介冑之士不拜，請以軍禮見。 」文帝曰：「此真將軍也！ 」穰苴，齊人田穰苴也。 齊景公使為將軍，使莊賈往，穰苴與約曰：「旦日日中會於軍門。 」穰苴先至，賈後至，於是遂斬莊賈以徇三軍，士皆振栗。
The “Tiao marquis” is Zhou Yafu of the Western Han. As general at the Xiliu camp, Zhou Yafu met Emperor Wen in full harness, saluted with arms cradled, and said: “A mailed officer cannot kowtow; I beg leave to greet Your Majesty by the rules of the camp.” Wen exclaimed: “There is the real article of a field commander!” Tian Rangju of Qi is the strategist meant by *Rangju*. Qi’s Duke Jing commissioned him and paired him with Zhuang Jia; Rangju set the rendezvous: “Tomorrow at noon outside the camp gate.” Rangju was punctual, Zhuang Jia was late, so Rangju executed Jia before the host to establish discipline, and every man shook with awe.
160
獷音古猛反，又音久永反。
The commentary gives two fanqie readings for *guang*: gu-meng and jiu-yong.
161
徼人謂徼外人偏何等也。 符，驗也。 為偏何請還自□，以驗內屬之信。 數級謂偏何斬匈奴，送首級受賞賜。
“Men beyond the frontier” refers to leaders like the Wuhuan chief Pian He. Here *fu* means a token of verification. The court had Pian He go back in person to the capital so his allegiance could be tested and trusted. “Tallying heads” describes how Pian He cut down Xiongnu, forwarded the skulls, and collected imperial bounty.
162
三十年為一世，言承化久也。 論語孔子曰：「如有王者，必世而後仁。」
Thirty years count as a generation—here the point is how slowly kingly virtue reshapes the realm. Confucius says that if a perfect sovereign arose, humaneness would need a full generation to take root.
163
眚，過也。 左傳曰：「不以一眚掩大德。 」眚音所景反。
Here *sheng* means a blemish or slip. The *Zuo zhuan* warns against letting a single misstep eclipse great merit. The commentary glosses *sheng* with the suo-jing fanqie.
164
畏法猶嚴法也。
“Stand in awe of the law” is equivalent here to “submit to its severity.”