1
鄭袤，字林叔，滎陽開封人也。 高祖眾，漢大司農。 父泰，揚州刺史，有高名。 袤少孤，早有識鑒。 荀攸見之曰：「鄭公業為不亡矣。」 隨叔父渾避難江東。 時華歆為豫章太守，渾往依之，歆素與泰善，撫養袤如己子。 年十七，乃還鄉里。 性清正。 時濟陰魏諷為相國掾，名重當世，袤同郡任覽與結交。 袤以諷奸雄，終必為禍，勸覽遠之。 及諷敗，論者稱焉。
Zheng Mao, courtesy name Linshu, was a native of Kaifeng in Xingyang commandery. His ancestor Zheng Zhong had served the Han as grand minister of agriculture. His father Tai had been inspector of Yang Province and enjoyed wide renown. He lost his father while young yet showed early discernment. Xun You said of him, "Zheng Gongye's line will not die out." He followed his uncle Zheng Hun into exile east of the Yangzi. Hua Xin was then governor of Yuzhang; Zheng Hun went to him for shelter, and because Xin had long been friendly with Tai he raised Mao as his own child. At seventeen he returned to his home commandery. He was by nature pure and upright. Wei Feng of Jiyin was then an aide in the chancellery, a man of great fame, and Ren Lan of Mao's commandery became his friend. Mao judged Feng a dangerous schemer who would bring ruin in the end and urged Ren Lan to break with him. When Feng fell, commentators praised Mao's foresight.
2
魏武帝初封諸子為侯，精選賓友，袤與徐幹俱為臨淄侯文學，轉司隸功曹從事。 司空王朗辟為掾，袤舉高陽許允、扶風魯芝、東萊王基，朗皆命之，後咸至大位，有重名。 袤遷尚書郎。 出為黎陽令，吏民悅服。 太守班下屬城，特見甄異，為諸縣之最。 遷尚書右丞。 轉濟陰太守，下車旌表孝悌，敬禮賢能，興立庠序，開誘後進。 調補大將軍從事中郎，拜散騎常侍。 會廣平太守缺，宣帝謂袤曰：「賢叔大匠垂稱于陽平、魏郡，百姓蒙惠化。 且盧子家、王子雍繼踵此郡，使世不乏賢，故復相屈。」 袤在廣平，以德化為先，善作條教，郡中愛之。 徵拜侍中，百姓戀慕，涕泣路隅。 遷少府。 高貴鄉公即位，袤與河南尹王肅備法駕奉迎於元城，封廣昌亭侯。 徙光祿勳，領宗正。
When Emperor Wu of Wei first enfeoffed his sons as marquises and carefully chose guests and companions, Mao together with Xu Gan served as literary companions to the Marquis of Linzi, then became aide in the Henan metropolitan commissioner's merit bureau. Minister of Works Wang Lang summoned him as aide; Mao recommended Xu Yun of Gaoyang, Lu Zhi of Fufeng, and Wang Ji of Donglai, and Lang appointed all of them; later all reached high office with great fame. Mao was moved to gentleman of the masters of writing. As magistrate of Liyang, officials and people were pleased and submitted. When the governor toured subordinate counties, Mao was especially singled out as exceptional, the best of all counties. He was moved to right vice-director of the masters of writing. Transferred to governor of Jiyin, on taking office he honored filial piety and brotherhood, treated worthies with respect, founded schools, and guided the young. Transferred to supplement the aide in the chief general's bureau, he was appointed cavalier attendant-in-ordinary. When the governorship of Guangping was vacant, Emperor Xuan said to Mao, "Your worthy uncle the great craftsman won renown in Yangping and Wei commandery, and the people received his gracious transformation. Moreover Lu Zijia and Wang Ziyong followed one another in this commandery, so the age never lacked worthies; therefore We summon you again." In Guangping, Mao put moral transformation first, wrote good regulations, and the commandery loved him. Summoned and appointed palace attendant, the people yearned for him and wept by the roadside. He was moved to minister of the lesser treasury. When the Duke of Gaoguixiang acceded, Mao with Intendant of Henan Wang Su prepared the imperial equipage to welcome him at Yuancheng and was enfeoffed Marquis of Guangchang village. He was moved to master of ceremonies and concurrent director of the imperial clan.
3
毌丘儉作亂，景帝自出征之，百官祖送於城東，袤疾病不任會。 帝謂中領軍王肅曰：「唯不見鄭光祿為恨。」 肅以語袤，袤自輿追帝，及於近道。 帝笑曰：「故知侯生必來也。」 遂與袤共載，曰：「計將何先？」 袤曰：「昔與儉俱為台郎，特所知悉。 其人好謀而不達事情，自昔建勳幽州，志望無限。 文欽勇而無算。 今大軍出其不意，江、淮之卒銳而不能固，深溝高壘以挫其氣，此亞夫之長也。」 帝稱善。 轉太常。 高貴鄉公議立明堂辟雍，精選博士，袤舉劉毅、劉寔、程咸、庾峻，後並至公輔大位。 及常道鄉公立，與議定策，進封安城鄉侯，邑千戶。 景元初，疾病失明，屢乞骸骨，不許。 拜光祿大夫。 五等初建，封密陵伯。
When Guanqiu Jian rose in revolt, Prince Jing took the field in person; officials gathered east of the city for the farewell rites, but Mao was too ill to attend. The prince told Central Army Commander Wang Su, "My only regret is that Zheng Guanglu is not here." Wang Su told Mao, who had himself carried in a litter until he overtook the prince on the road. The prince laughed and said, "I knew our Hou Ying would turn up." He had Mao ride with him and asked, "What should be our first move?" Mao replied, "I served with Jian as a terrace gentleman and know him well. He loves schemes but misreads the situation; since he first won glory in You Province his ambitions have known no bound. Wen Qin is brave but reckless. Strike before they expect it; the Jiang and Huai troops are eager but cannot hold a line—dig deep moats and raise high walls to break their spirit, as Zhou Yafu would have done." The prince approved the plan. He was transferred to minister of ceremonies. When the duke of Gaoguixiang debated founding the Bright Hall and ring moat and chose erudits with care, Mao nominated Liu Yi, Liu Shi, Cheng Xian, and Yu Jun, all of whom later rose to the highest councils. When the duke of Changdaoxiang was enthroned, Mao joined in framing the succession plan and was promoted to marquis of Ancheng township with a thousand-household fief. Early in the Jingyuan era illness blinded him; he repeatedly asked to retire, but the court refused. He was appointed grand master of splendid carriage. When the five noble ranks were first instituted he was enfeoffed as earl of Miling.
4
武帝踐阼，進爵為侯。 雖寢疾十餘年，而時賢並相推薦。 泰始中，詔曰：「光祿密陵侯袤，履行純正，守道沖粹，退有清和之風，進有素絲之節，宜登三階之曜，補袞職之闕。 今以袤為司空。」 天子臨軒，遣五官中郎將國坦就第拜授。 袤前後辭讓，遣息稱上送印綬，至於十數。 謂坦曰：「魏以徐景山為司空，吾時為侍中，受詔譬旨。 徐公語吾曰：'三公當上應天心，苟非其人，實傷和氣，不敢以垂死之年，累辱朝廷也。 '終於不就。 遵大雅君子之跡，可不務乎！」 固辭，久之見許，以侯就第，拜儀同三司，置舍人官騎，賜床帳簟褥、錢五十萬。
When Emperor Wu took the throne, Mao's rank rose to marquis. Though he was bedridden for more than ten years, leading men kept recommending him for office. During Taishi an edict declared, "Grand Master of Splendid Carriage and Marquis of Miling Zheng Mao walks a path of utter integrity, cleaves to the Way in humble purity, shows the gentle clarity of a recluse in private and the unstained white silk of a minister in public; he should mount the three steps of honor and fill a place among the highest councillors. We hereby appoint Mao minister of works." The emperor appeared above the gallery and sent Guo Tan, gentleman of the household for all purposes, to Mao's house to confer the seal. Mao declined again and again, sending his son Cheng to return the seals more than ten times. He told Guo Tan, "When Wei named Xu Miao minister of works, I was palace attendant and carried the edict explaining its intent. Lord Xu told me, "The Three Dukes must mirror Heaven's will; the wrong man in office harms the harmony of the realm; I will not burden the court with my dying breath." In the end he refused the post. Ought we not follow the example of such a gentleman!" He held firm until the court relented; he retired to his mansion as a marquis with privilege equal to the Three Dukes, household attendants and mounted escort, and gifts of bed-curtains, mats, bedding, and five hundred thousand cash.
5
九年薨，時年八十五。 帝於東堂發哀，賜秘器、朝服一具、衣一襲、錢三十萬、絹布各百匹，以供喪事。 諡曰元。 有子六人，長子默嗣，次質、舒、詡、稱、予，位並列卿。
He died in the ninth year of the era, aged eighty-five. The emperor mourned him at the Eastern Hall and sent a private burial outfit, court robes, a suit of clothes, three hundred thousand cash, and a hundred bolts each of silk and cloth for the funeral. His posthumous name was Yuan, "Primal." He had six sons: the heir Mo, then Zhi, Shu, Xu, Cheng, and Yu, all of whom rose to ministerial rank.
6
默字思元。 起家秘書郎，考核舊文，刪省浮穢。 中書令虞松謂曰：「而今而後，硃紫別矣。」 轉尚書考功郎，專典伐蜀事，封關內侯，遷司徒左長史。 武帝受禪，與太原郭奕俱為中庶子。 朝廷以太子官屬宜稱陪臣。 默上言：「皇太子體皇極之尊，無私於天下。 宮臣皆受命天朝，不得同之籓國。」 事遂施行。 出為東郡太守，值歲荒人饑，默輒開倉振給，乃舍都亭，自表待罪。 朝廷嘉默憂國，詔書褒歎，比之汲黯。 班告天下，若郡縣有此比者，皆聽出給。 入為散騎常侍。
Mo's courtesy name was Siyuan. He began his career as a gentleman of the palace secretariat, reviewing old documents and cutting away the worthless dross. Yu Song, director of the palace secretariat, told him, "From this day vermilion and purple will not be confused." He was named merit-evaluation gentleman of the masters of writing with sole charge of the Shu campaign, enfeoffed as marquis within the passes, then promoted chief clerk on the left of the minister of education. When Emperor Wu accepted the abdication, Mo and Guo Yi of Taiyuan were both named household gentlemen to the heir apparent. The court held that the heir apparent's staff should style themselves attendant ministers to the throne. Mo memorialized: "The crown prince embodies the supremacy of the throne and holds the empire without private favor. His household officers receive their mandate from the imperial court and cannot be classed with vassal princes' retainers." The court adopted his view. As governor of Dong commandery he faced famine; he opened the granaries for relief, then moved out of the official residence and memorialized himself for punishment. The court praised his concern for the state and issued an edict comparing him to Ji An of Han. The decree was published empire-wide: wherever famine struck, magistrates might open the granaries on their own authority. He was recalled as cavalier attendant-in-ordinary.
7
初，帝以貴公子當品，鄉里莫敢與為輩，求之州內，於是十二郡中正僉共舉默。 文帝與袤書曰：「小兒得廁賢子之流，愧有竅賢之累。」 及武帝出祀南郊，詔使默驂乘，因謂默曰：「卿知何以得驂乘乎？ 昔州裏舉卿相輩，常愧有累清談。」 遂問政事，對曰：「勸穡務農，為國之基。 選人得才，濟世之道。 居官久職，政事之宜。 明慎黜陟，勸戒之由。 崇尚儒素，化導之本。 如此而已矣。」 帝善之。
When the emperor as a princely heir was being graded for office, no one in his village would rank alongside him, so the province was searched and the twelve commandery appraisers jointly nominated Mo. Prince Wen wrote to Mao, "My son is honored to stand among your worthy sons; I blush that his mediocrity burdens their company." Later, when Emperor Wu rode to sacrifice at the southern suburb, he had Mo take the place of honor beside him in the chariot and asked, "Do you know why you are here? When the province ranked you his equal, I always feared it would taint pure conversation." The emperor then asked his views on government. Mo replied, "Encourage farming and the harvest—that is the foundation of the state. Choose men of talent—that is how to serve the age. Let officials serve long in one post—that suits good government. Promote and demote with clear care—that is how to teach and warn. Honor plain Confucian virtue—that is the root of moral instruction. Nothing more than that." The emperor praised his answer.
8
後以父喪去官，尋起為廷尉。 是時鬲令袁毅坐交通貨賂，大興刑獄。 在朝多見引逮，唯默兄弟以潔慎不染其流。 遷太常。 時僕射山濤欲舉一親親為博士，謂默曰：「卿似尹翁歸，令吾不敢復言。」 默為人敦重，柔而能整，皆此類也。
He later resigned for his father's mourning, then was recalled as director of justice. At that time Yuan Yi, magistrate of Ge, was impeached for bribery and a vast criminal investigation followed. Most courtiers were dragged into the net, but Mo and his brothers stayed clean and were never touched. He was promoted to minister of ceremonies. When Vice-Director Shan Tao wanted to nominate a kinsman as erudite, he told Mo, "You are another Yin Wenggui—you leave me speechless." Mo was grave and steady, gentle yet firm—always in this vein.
9
及齊王攸當之國，下禮官議崇錫典制。 博士祭酒曹志等並立異議，默容過其事，坐免。 尋拜大鴻臚。 遭母喪，舊制，既葬還職，默自陳懇至，久而見許。 遂改法定令，聽大臣終喪，自默始也。 服闋，為大司農，轉光祿勳。
When Prince You of Qi was sent to his fief, the court ordered ritual officers to debate the honors and gifts due him. Cao Zhi the libationer and others dissented; Mo let the matter pass and was dismissed for it. Soon he was named grand herald. When his mother died, the old rule required return to duty after burial, but Mo pleaded with such persistence that the court eventually let him observe the full mourning. Statutes were then revised to allow great ministers to finish mourning—beginning with Mo. When mourning ended he served as grand minister of agriculture, then as master of ceremonies.
10
太康元年卒，時年六十八，諡曰成。 尚書令衛瓘奏：「默才行名望，宜居論道，五升九卿，位未稱德，宜贈三司。」 而後父楊駿先欲以女妻默子豫，默曰：「吾每讀《雋不疑傳》，常想其人。 畏遠權貴，奕世所守。」 遂辭之。 駿深為恨。 至此，駿議不同，遂不施行。 默寬沖博愛，謙虛溫謹，不以才地矜物，事上以禮，遇下以和，雖僮豎廝養不加聲色，而猶有嫌怨，故士君子以為居世之難。 子球。
He died in the first year of Taikang at sixty-eight with posthumous name Cheng. Minister of the masters of writing Wei Guan memorialized, "By conduct, talent, reputation, and standing Mo deserved to discourse on the Way; though raised to one of the nine ministers, rank did not match virtue; let him be posthumously granted parity of the three ranks." Earlier his father-in-law Yang Jun had wished to marry his daughter to Mo's son Yu; Mo said, "Whenever I read the biography of Juan Buyi I think of the man himself. To shun and keep distant from the powerful is what my house has guarded for generations." He therefore declined. Jun deeply resented it. By now Jun's view differed, so it was not carried out. Mo was broad, humble, and loving, modest, mild, and careful; he did not condescend to others for talent or rank, served superiors with ritual, and treated subordinates with harmony; though he did not raise his voice even to slaves and servants, he still drew resentment, so gentlemen deemed living in the world difficult. His son was Qiu.
11
球字子瑜。 少辟宰府，入侍二宮。 成都王為大將軍，起義討趙王倫，球自頓丘太守為右長史，以功封平壽公。 累遷侍中、尚書、散騎常侍、中護軍、尚書右僕射，領吏部。 永嘉二年卒，追贈金紫光祿大夫，諡曰元。 球弟豫，永嘉末為尚書。
Qiu's courtesy name was Ziyu. In youth he was summoned to the minister's office and entered service in the two palaces. When the prince of Chengdu served as grand general and raised troops against Sima Lun, prince of Zhao, Qiu moved from governor of Dunqiu to chief clerk on the right and was enfeoffed as duke of Pingshou for his merit. He rose through palace attendant, minister of the secretariat, cavalier attendant-in-ordinary, central protector of the army, and right vice-director of the masters of writing while heading the personnel ministry. He died in the second year of Yongjia and was posthumously named grand master of the golden seal and purple ribbon with the posthumous title Yuan. Qiu's younger brother Yu became a minister of the secretariat late in the Yongjia era.
12
李胤，字宣伯，遼東襄平人也。 祖敏，漢河內太守，去官還鄉里，遼東太守公孫度欲強用之，敏乘輕舟浮滄海，莫知所終。 胤父信追求積年，浮海出塞，竟無所見，欲行喪制服，則疑父尚存，情若居喪而不聘娶。 後有鄰居故人與其父同年者亡，因行喪制服。 燕國徐邈與之同州裏，以不孝莫大於無後，勸使娶妻。 既生胤，遂絕房室，恆如居喪禮，不堪其憂，數年而卒。 胤既幼孤，母又改行，有識之後，降食哀戚，亦以喪禮自居。 又以祖不知存亡，設木主以事之。 由是以孝聞。 容貌質素，頹然若不足者，而知度沈邃，言必有則。
Li Yin, courtesy name Xuanbo, came from Xiangping in Liaodong. His grandfather Min had been governor of Henei under the Han; he resigned and went home, but Gongsun Du, governor of Liaodong, meant to force him into service, so Min fled in a light boat across the sea and was never heard from again. Yin's father Xin searched for years, sailing beyond the frontier, and found no trace; he could not don full mourning while his father might still live, yet he lived as a mourner and would not marry. When an old neighbor who had shared his father's birth year died, Xin at last put on mourning garb. Xu Miao of Yan, a townsman, urged him to marry, arguing that the worst unfilial act was to leave no heir. After Yin was born he left his wife's bed for good and lived as if in perpetual mourning until grief wore him out and he died within a few years. Yin was orphaned young; his mother remarried badly, and once he could reason he ate less in grief and kept himself under mourning discipline. Because his grandfather's fate was unknown, he set up a spirit tablet and made offerings. Thus he became known for filial devotion. He looked plain and almost frail, yet his judgment ran deep and every word carried weight.
13
初仕郡上計掾，州辟部從事、治中，舉孝廉，參鎮北軍事。 遷樂平侯相，政尚清簡。 入為尚書郎，遷中護軍司馬、吏部郎，銓綜廉平。 賜爵關中侯，出補安豐太守。 文帝引為大將軍從事中郎，遷御史中丞，恭恪直繩，百官憚之。 伐蜀之役，為西中郎將、督關中諸軍事。 後為河南尹，封廣陸伯。 泰始初，拜尚書，進爵為侯。 胤奏以為：「古者三公坐而論道，內參六官之事，外與六卿之教，或處三槐，兼聽獄訟，稽疑之典，謀及卿士。 陛下聖德欽明，垂心萬機，猥發明詔，儀刑古式，雖唐、虞疇諮，周文翼翼，無以加也。 自今以往，國有大政，可親延群公，詢納讜言。 其軍國所疑，延詣省中，使侍中、尚書諮論所宜。 若有疾病，不任覲會，臨時遣侍臣訊訪。」 詔從之。 遷吏部尚書僕射，尋轉太子少傅。 詔以胤忠允高亮，有匪躬之節，使領司隸校尉。 胤屢自表讓，忝傅儲宮，不宜兼監司之官。 武帝以二職並須忠賢，故每不許。
He began as commandery accounts clerk, was summoned to the province as section attendant and staff supervisor, nominated Filial and Incorrupt, and joined the staff of the army that pacified the north. He became chancellor to the marquis of Leping and governed with austere simplicity. He entered the masters of writing, rose to marshal under the central protector of the army and gentleman in the personnel ministry, and ranked candidates with incorrupt fairness. He received the rank of marquis within the passes and was sent out as governor of Anfeng. Summoned as aide to the grand general, he rose to palace assistant secretary; his grave integrity and uncompromising standards awed every office. During the Shu expedition he was named general of the central guard on the west with command of all forces in the Guanzhong region. He later served as intendant of Henan and received the title earl of Guanglu. Early in Taishi he became a minister of the masters of writing and his noble rank rose to marquis. Yin submitted: "The three ancient dukes sat in council on the Way, joined the six palaces within and matched the six ministers without, heard cases beneath the court locusts, and took doubtful matters to the high ministers. Your Majesty’s luminous virtue attends to every detail of government; this edict, humbly issued to mirror antiquity, matches even Yao, Shun, and the vigilant King Wen. Henceforth, on great affairs of state, summon the dukes in person and draw in forthright advice. When civil and military questions remain unsettled, hold prolonged discussion in the secretariat with palace attendants and ministers. If someone is too ill for assembly, send palace attendants to consult him." The throne accepted the memorial. He rose to minister of personnel and vice-director of the masters of writing, then soon junior tutor to the heir apparent. An edict named him metropolitan commandant for his loyal, even temper and selfless integrity. Yin begged off again and again: tutoring the heir should not be combined with the metropolitan command. The emperor replied that both offices demanded loyal talent and would not release him.
14
咸甯初，皇太子出居東宮，帝以司錄事任峻重，而少傅有旦夕輔導之務，胤素羸，不宜久勞之，轉拜侍中，加特進。 俄遷尚書令，侍中、特進如故。 胤雖曆職內外，而家至貧儉，兒病無以市藥。 帝聞之，賜錢十萬。 其後帝以司徒舊丞相之職，詔以胤為司徒。 在位五年，簡亮持重，稱為任職。 以吳會初平，大臣多有勳勞，宜有登進，乃上疏遜位。 帝不聽，遣侍中宣旨，優詔敦諭，絕其章表。 胤不得已，起視事。
Early in Xianning, when the crown prince entered the eastern palace, the emperor thought the metropolitan post too crushing for Yin’s frail health beside the tutor’s daily duties, and named him palace attendant with the title specially advanced instead. He soon became director of the masters of writing while retaining palace attendant and specially advanced. Despite long service, his family remained destitute; when his son fell ill he had no money for drugs. The emperor sent him one hundred thousand cash. Later, recalling that the minister of education had once been the chancellor’s role, the emperor named Yin to that post. For five years he governed with terse clarity and weight and was reckoned fully competent. With the southeast newly pacified and many ministers owed reward, he offered to step down. The emperor refused, sent a palace attendant with a gracious edict, and barred further resignations. Yin had to return to his desk.
15
太康三年薨，詔遣御史持節監喪致祠，諡曰成。 皇太子命舍人王贊誄之，文義甚美。 帝后思胤清節，詔曰：「故司徒李胤，太常彭灌，並履忠清儉，身沒，家無餘積，賜胤家錢二百萬、穀千斛，灌家半之。」 三子，固、真長、修。 固字萬基，散騎郎，先胤卒，固子志嗣爵。 志字彥道，歷位散騎侍郎、建威將軍、陽平太守。 真長位至太僕卿。 修黃門侍郎、太弟中庶子。
He died in the third year of Taikang; a censor with credential staff oversaw his obsequies and he received the posthumous title Cheng. The crown prince had Wang Zan compose his dirge in beautiful prose. Later the emperor recalled Yin’s integrity and decreed: "The late Li Yin and Peng Guan, minister of ceremonies, died poor in loyal service; give two million cash and a thousand hu of grain to Yin’s heirs, half to Guan’s." He had three sons: Gu, Zhenchang, and Xiu. Gu, courtesy name Wanji, served as cavalier gentleman, died before his father, and his son Zhi inherited the title. Zhi, courtesy name Yandao, rose through cavalier gentleman at the palace, general who establishes might, and governor of Yangping. Zhenchang reached minister of the imperial stud. Xiu served as palace attendant at the yellow gates and household gentleman to the heir-designate.
16
盧欽，字子若，范陽涿人也。 祖植，漢侍中。 父毓，魏司空。 世以儒業顯。 欽清淡有遠識，篤志經史，舉孝廉，不行，魏大將軍曹爽辟為掾。 爽弟嘗有所屬請，欽白爽子弟不宜干犯法度，爽深納之，而罰其弟。 除尚書郎。 爽誅，免官。 後為侍御史，襲父爵大利亭侯，累遷琅邪太守。 宣帝為太傅，辟從事中郎，出為陽平太守，遷淮北都督、伏波將軍，甚有稱績。 徵拜散騎常侍、大司農，遷吏部尚書，進封大梁侯。 武帝受禪，以為都督沔北諸軍事、平南將軍、假節，給追鋒軺臥車各一乘、第二駙馬二乘、騎具刀器、禦府人馬鎧等，及錢三十萬。 欽在鎮寬猛得中，疆埸無虞。 入為尚書僕射，加侍中、奉車都尉，領吏部。 以清貧，特賜絹百匹。 欽舉必以材，稱為廉平。
Lu Qin, courtesy name Ziruo, came from Zhuo in Fanyang commandery. His grandfather Zhi had been a palace attendant under the Han. His father Yu had been minister of works under Wei. The family had long won fame for Confucian scholarship. Qin was sober, detached, and long-sighted, steeped in the classics and histories; nominated Filial and Incorrupt, he stayed home until Cao Shuang summoned him as an aide. When Shuang’s brother sought a private favor, Qin warned that kinsmen must not violate the statutes; Shuang agreed and punished his brother. He was named gentleman of the masters of writing. When Shuang fell, Qin lost his post. He later served as attendant censor, inherited the marquisate of Dali village, and became governor of Langye. As grand tutor, Emperor Xuan made him an aide, then governor of Yangping, then area commander north of the Huai and general who crosses the waves, earning high praise. He was recalled as cavalier attendant-in-ordinary and grand minister of agriculture, then minister of personnel, and enfeoffed as marquis of Daliang. At the founding of Jin he was named area commander north of the Han, general who pacifies the south, with credential staff, plus swift carts, sleeping carts, outriders, arms from the palace armory, and three hundred thousand cash. In command he mixed lenience and firmness and kept the border untroubled. He was recalled as vice-director of the masters of writing with palace attendant and colonel who conducts the carriage, heading personnel. For his honest poverty the court sent a hundred bolts of silk. He chose men by ability and was called incorrupt and even-handed.
17
咸寧四年卒，詔曰：「欽履道清正，執德貞素。 文武之稱，著于方夏。 入躋機衡，惟允庶事。 肆勤內外，有匪躬之節。 不幸薨沒，朕甚悼之。 其贈衛將軍、開府儀同三司，賜秘器、朝服一具、衣一襲、布五十匹、錢三十萬。」 諡曰元。 又以欽忠清高潔，不營產業，身沒之後，家無所庇，特賜錢五十萬，為立第舍。 復下詔曰：「故司空王基、衛將軍盧欽、領典軍將軍楊囂，並素清貧，身沒之後，居無私積。 頃者饑饉，聞其家大匱，其各賜穀三百斛。」 欽曆宰州郡，不尚功名，唯以平理為務。 祿俸散之親故，不營貲產。 動循禮典，妻亡，制廬杖，終喪居外。 所著詩賦論難數十篇，名曰《小道》。 子浮嗣。
He died in the fourth year of Xianning. The edict read, "Qin walked the Way with purity and rectitude and held virtue chaste and plain. His repute for civil and martial worth stood clear across the realm. Entering the pivot of government, he was trusted in all affairs. Diligent within and without, he had the integrity of selfless devotion. Unhappily he has passed; We deeply mourn him. Let him be posthumously made General of the Guards with opener-of-office parity of the three ranks, and grant funerary equipment, one set of court robes, one suit of clothes, fifty bolts of cloth, and three hundred thousand cash." His posthumous name was Yuan. Because Qin was loyal, lofty, and pure and built no estate, leaving his household without shelter after death, the court specially granted five hundred thousand cash to build him a residence. Another edict said, "Former Minister of Works Wang Ji, General of the Guards Lu Qin, and Colonel Directing the Army Yang Xiao were all by nature pure and poor, with no private stores after death. Recently there was famine; hearing their families greatly destitute, let each be granted three hundred hu of grain." Qin had governed provinces and commanderies, not pursuing fame or merit but devoted solely to fair adjudication. He dispersed his stipend to kin and friends and did not amass assets. He acted by ritual canon; when his wife died he observed mourning hut and staff rules and dwelt outside through the full mourning period. He wrote several tens of treatises in verse, rhapsody, and disputation titled the Minor Way. His son Fu succeeded.
18
浮字子雲，起家太子舍人。 病疽截手，遂廢。 然朝廷器重之，以為國子博士、祭酒、秘書監，皆不就。
His son Fu, courtesy name Ziyun, began as household gentleman to the heir apparent. A carbuncle cost him a hand and ended his career. The court still offered him posts as erudite, libationer of the academy, and director of the palace library, but he declined them all.
19
欽弟珽，字子笏，衛尉卿。 珽子志。
His younger brother Ting, courtesy name Zihu, served as minister of the guards. Ting’s son was Zhi.
20
珽子志
Ting’s son Zhi
21
志字子道，初辟公府掾、尚書郎，出為鄴令。 成都王穎之鎮鄴也，愛其才量，委以心膂，遂為謀主。 齊王冏起義，遣使告穎。 穎召志計事，志曰：「趙王無道，肆行篡逆，四海人神，莫不憤怒。 今殿下總率三軍，應期電發，子來之眾，不召自至。 掃夷凶逆，必有征無戰。 然兵事至重，聖人所慎。 宜旌賢任才，以收時望。」 穎深然之，改選上佐，高辟掾屬，以志為諮議參軍，仍補左長史，專掌文翰。 穎前鋒都督趙驤為倫所敗，士眾震駭，議者多欲還保朝歌。 志曰：「今我軍失利，敵新得勝，必有輕易陵轢之情，若頓兵不進，三軍畏衄，懼不可用。 且戰何能無勝負，宜更選精兵，星行倍道，出賊不意，此用兵之奇也。」 穎從之。 及倫敗，志勸穎曰：「齊王眾號百萬，與張泓等相持不能決，大王逕得濟河，此之大勳，莫之與比，而齊王今當與大王共輔朝政。 志聞兩雄不俱處，功名不並立，今宜因太妃微疾，求還定省，推崇齊王，徐結四海之心，此計之上也。」 穎納之，遂以母疾還籓，委重於冏。 由是穎獲四海之譽，天下歸心。 朝廷封志為武強侯，加散騎常侍。
Zhi, courtesy name Zidao, began as a bureau aide and gentleman of the masters of writing, then magistrate of Ye. When Prince Ying of Chengdu held Ye, he prized Zhi’s ability and made him his closest adviser. When Prince Jiong of Qi rose in arms, he notified Ying. Ying called Zhi in council. Zhi said, "Sima Lun is a traitor; every corner of the realm burns with anger. If you lead the three armies and move like lightning, the armies will flock unbidden. You will crush the rebels and prevail without a prolonged war. Yet war is the gravest thing, which the sages handle with fear. Raise banners for worthies and employ talent to secure public trust." Ying agreed, reshuffled his high staff, and named Zhi army adviser, then chief clerk on the left in charge of all paperwork. When vanguard Zhao Xiang lost to Lun, panic spread and many wanted to retreat to Chaoge. Zhi said, "A reverse makes the foe overconfident; if we freeze in place, morale will collapse. Pick elite troops, force-march, and surprise them—that is the way of surprise." Ying agreed. After Lun’s fall Zhi urged, "Jiong’s million men are deadlocked with Zhang Hong while you crossed the river—that feat tops all—yet Jiong will demand a share of power. Two champions cannot coexist; plead your mother’s illness, return to your fief, exalt Jiong, and win the empire’s heart—that is best." Ying took the advice, pleaded his mother’s illness, and left Jiong in charge. Ying thus won fame everywhere and men’s hearts turned to him. The court made Zhi marquis of Wuqiang with cavalier attendant-in-ordinary.
22
及河間王顒納李含之說，欲內除二王，樹穎儲副，遣報穎，穎將應之，志正諫，不從。 及冏滅，穎遙執期權，遂懷觖望之心。 以長沙王乂在內，不得恣其所欲，密欲去乂。 時荊州有張昌之亂，穎表求親征，朝廷許之。 會昌等平，乃回兵以討乂。 志諫曰：「公前有復皇祚之大勳，及事平，歸功於齊，辭九錫之賞，不當朝政之權，振陽翟饑人，葬黃橋白骨，皆盛德之事，四海之人莫不荷賴矣。 逆寇縱肆，猾擾荊、楚，今公掃清群難，南土以寧，振旅而旋，頓軍關外，文服入朝，此霸王者之事也。」 穎不納。
When Prince Yong of Hejian took Li Han’s counsel to kill the two princes and make Ying heir, Ying meant to join; Zhi argued in vain. After Jiong fell, Ying clutched power and nursed resentment. Prince Yi of Changsha blocked him in the capital, so he plotted secretly against Yi. When Zhang Chang rose in Jingzhou, Ying asked to lead the campaign and was allowed. After Zhang Chang was crushed, he marched against Yi. Zhi urged: "You restored the throne, yielded to Jiong, refused the nine gifts, stayed clear of power, fed Yangdi’s hungry, buried Huangqiao’s dead—the world owes you everything. Now clear the south, withdraw in good order, camp beyond the passes, and enter court in robes of peace—that is how a hegemon behaves." Ying refused.
23
及乂死，穎表志為中書監，留鄴，參署相府事。 乘與敗于蕩陰，穎遣志督兵迎帝。 及王浚攻鄴，志勸穎奉天子還洛陽。 時甲士尚萬五千人，志夜部分，至曉，眾皆成列，而程太妃戀鄴不欲去，穎未能決。 俄而眾潰，唯志與子謐、兄子綝、殿中武賁千人而已，志復勸穎早發。 時有道士姓黃，號曰聖人，太妃信之。 及使呼人，道士求兩杯酒，飲訖，拋杯而去，於是志計始決。 而人馬復散，志于營陣間尋索，得數乘鹿車，司馬督韓玄收集黃門，得百餘人。 志入，帝問志曰：「何故散敗至此？」 志曰：「賊去鄴尚八十里，而人士一朝駭散，太弟今欲奉陛下還洛陽。」 帝曰：「甚佳。」 於是禦犢車便發。 屯騎校尉郝昌先領兵八千守洛陽，帝召之，至汲郡而昌至，兵仗甚盛。 志喜於復振，啟天子宜下赦書，與百姓同其休慶。 既達洛陽，志啟以滿奮為司隸校尉。 奔散者多還，百官粗備，帝悅，賜志絹二百匹、綿百斤、衣一襲、鶴綾袍一領。
After Yi died Ying named Zhi palace secretariat director at Ye to run the chancellery. When the emperor lost at Dangyin, Ying sent Zhi to escort him. When Wang Jun struck Ye, Zhi urged Ying to return the emperor to Luoyang. Zhi mustered fifteen thousand men overnight, but the grand consort would not leave Ye and Ying hesitated. The army melted away, leaving Zhi, his son Mi, nephew Shen, and a thousand guards; Zhi again pressed Ying to flee. A Daoist Huang, called "the sage," had beguiled the grand consort. The Daoist drank two cups, smashed them, and left; then Ying decided to move. Men and horses scattered; Zhi found deer carts while Han Xuan rounded up a hundred attendants. Zhi entered the presence. The emperor asked, "Why have we collapsed to this?" Zhi said, "The foe is still eighty li off, yet panic emptied the city; the heir-designate will escort you to Luoyang." The emperor said, "Good." They set out at once in an ox cart. Hao Chang held Luoyang with eight thousand men; summoned, he met the train at Ji with a strong column. Zhi urged a general amnesty to celebrate with the people. At Luoyang he recommended Man Fen as metropolitan commandant. Fugitives drifted back, offices refilled, and the emperor gave Zhi silk, floss, clothes, and a crane robe.
24
初，河間王顒聞王浚起兵，遣右將軍張方救鄴。 方聞成都軍敗，頓兵洛陽，不敢進，縱兵虜掠，密欲遷都長安，將焚宗廟宮室，以絕人心。 志說方曰：「昔董卓無道，焚燒洛陽，怨毒之聲，百年猶存，何為襲之！」 乃止。 方遂逼天子幸其壘。 帝垂泣就輿，唯志侍側，曰：「陛下今日之事，當一從右將軍。 臣駑怯，無所雲補，唯知盡微誠，不離左右而已。」 停方壘三日便西，志復從至長安。 穎被黜，志亦免官。
Earlier Prince Yong had sent Zhang Fang to relieve Ye when Wang Jun rose. Fang, learning of the defeat, stopped at Luoyang, plundered, and plotted to burn the capital and move west. Zhi told Fang, "Dong Zhuo’s arson at Luoyang is still cursed after a hundred years—do not repeat it!" Fang gave up the plan. Fang then compelled the emperor to enter his camp. Weeping, the emperor climbed into the carriage; Zhi alone stood at his side and said, "Sire, you must now defer entirely to the Right General. I am a dull and timid man with nothing to offer but to stay at your side with what little loyalty I have." After three days in Zhang Fang's camp they moved west, and Zhi followed the emperor to Chang'an. When Ying lost his rank, Zhi was dismissed as well.
25
及東海王越奉迎大駕，顒啟帝復穎還鄴，以志為魏郡太守，加左將軍，隨穎北鎮。 行達洛陽，而平昌公模遣前鋒督護馮嵩距穎。 穎還長安，未至而聞顒斬張方，求和於越。 穎住華陰，志進長安，詣闕陳謝，即還就穎于武關。 奔南陽，復為劉陶所驅，回詣河北。 及穎薨，官屬奔散，唯志親自殯送，時人嘉之。 越命志為軍諮祭酒，遷衛尉，永嘉末，轉尚書。 洛陽沒，志將妻子北投并州刺史劉琨。 至陽邑，為劉粲所虜，與次子謐、詵等俱遇害於平陽。 長子諶。
When Prince Yue of Donghai escorted the imperial carriage, Prince Yong of Hejian memorialized the emperor to restore Ying at Ye, made Zhi governor of Wei commandery with left general added, and followed Ying north to garrison. Reaching Luoyang, Prince of Pingchang Mo sent forward commander and protector Feng Song to resist Ying. Ying returned to Chang'an; before arriving he heard Yong had executed Zhang Fang and sought peace with Yue. Ying stayed at Huayin; Zhi advanced to Chang'an, went to court to present apology, then returned to join Ying at Wuguan. Fleeing to Nanyang, he was again driven by Liu Tao and turned back toward Hebei. When Ying died, officials scattered; only Zhi personally conveyed the coffin, and men of the time praised him. Yue appointed Zhi army counsel libationer, moved him to minister of the guards, and late in Yongjia transferred him to minister of the masters of writing. When Luoyang fell, Zhi led wife and children north to join Liu Kun, inspector of Bing province. Reaching Yangyi, he was taken captive by Liu Can; with his second son Mi, Shen, and others he was killed at Pingyang. His eldest son was Chen.
26
志子諶
Zhi's son was Chen.
27
諶字子諒，清敏有理思，好《老》《莊》，善屬文。 選尚武帝女滎陽公主，拜駙馬都尉，未成禮而公主卒。 後州舉秀才，辟太尉掾。 洛陽沒，隨志北依劉琨，與志俱為劉粲所虜。 粲據晉陽，留諶為參軍。 琨收散卒，引猗盧騎還攻粲。 粲敗走，諶得赴琨，先父母兄弟在平陽者，悉為劉聰所害。 琨為司空，以諶為主薄，轉從事中郎。 琨妻即諶之從母，既加親愛，又重其才地。
Chen, courtesy name Ziliang, was quick, lucid, fond of Daoist texts, and a fine writer. Chosen as husband to Emperor Wu's daughter, Princess of Xingyang, he was named colonel of the household cavalry, but the princess died before the wedding. The province nominated him flourishing talent and summoned him as aide to the grand commandant. When Luoyang fell he fled north with Zhi to Liu Kun and fell captive with him to Liu Can. Liu Can held Jinyang and kept Chen on his staff. Liu Kun rallied broken units and brought Youxi's cavalry to strike Liu Can. When Can fled, Chen escaped to Kun, but every kinsman left in Pingyang had been slaughtered by Liu Cong. Under Kun as minister of works Chen served as chief clerk, then as bureau aide. Kun's wife was Chen's aunt—she loved him as family and prized his gifts.
28
建興末，隨琨投段匹磾。 匹磾自領幽州，取諶為別駕。 匹磾既害琨，尋亦敗喪。 時南路阻絕，段末波在遼西，諶往投之。 元帝之初，末波通使于江左，諶因其使抗表理琨，文旨甚切，於是即加弔祭。 累徵諶為散騎中書侍郎，而為末波所留，遂不得南渡。 末波死，弟遼代立，諶流離世故且二十載。 石季龍破遼西，復為季龍所得，以為中書侍郎、國子祭酒、侍中、中書監。 屬冉閔誅石氏，諶隨閔軍，于襄國遇害，時年六十七，是歲永和六年也。
Late in Jianxing he followed Kun to Duan Pidi. When Pidi took Youzhou he named Chen senior administrator. After Pidi killed Kun, he in turn was ruined. With the south cut off, Chen fled to Duan Mobo in Liaoxi. When Emperor Yuan began his reign, Mobo sent envoys south; Chen rode that mission with a sharp memorial vindicating Liu Kun, and the court promptly offered rites in his honor. The court summoned him repeatedly, but Mobo held him back from crossing the river. After Mobo died his brother Dai ruled; Chen wandered in turmoil for almost twenty years. Shi Hu seized Liaoxi; Chen was taken again and given high office under the Later Zhao regime. During Ran Min's purge of the Shi family Chen followed his host and died at Xiangguo in Yonghe 6, aged sixty-seven.
29
諶名家子，早有聲譽，才高行潔，為一時所推。 值中原喪亂，與清河崔悅、穎川荀綽、河東裴憲、北地傅暢並淪陷非所，雖俱顯于石氏，恆以為辱。 諶每謂諸子曰：「吾身沒之後，但稱晉司空從事中郎爾。」 撰《祭法》，注《莊子》，及文集，皆行於世。
A nobleman's son famed from youth for talent and purity, he was admired by all. When the heartland fell he shared captivity with Cui Yue, Xun Chuo, Pei Xian, and Fu Chang; though they served the Shi regime they counted it disgrace. He told his sons, "When I die, style me only as aide to the Jin minister of works—nothing more." He wrote Rites of Sacrifice, annotated the Zhuangzi, and left collected works that circulated widely.
30
悅字道儒，魏司空林曾孫，劉琨妻子之侄也。 與諶俱為琨司空從事中郎，後為末波佐史。 沒石氏，亦居大官。 其綽、憲、暢並別有傳。
Cui Yue, courtesy name Daoru, was Cui Lin's great-grandson and nephew to Liu Kun's wife. He served with Chen under Kun, then as scribe to Mobo. Under the Shi regime he too rose high. Xun Chuo, Pei Xian, and Fu Chang are treated in other chapters.
31
華表，字偉容，平原高唐人也，父歆，清德高行，為魏太尉。 表年二十，拜散騎黃門郎，累遷侍中。 正元初，石苞來朝，盛稱高貴鄉公，以為魏武更生。 時聞者流汗沾背，表懼禍作，頻稱疾歸下舍，故免於大難。 後遷尚書。 五等建，封觀陽伯。 坐供給喪事不整，免。 泰始中，拜太子少傅，轉光祿勳。 遷太常卿。 數歲，以老病乞骸骨。 詔曰：「表清貞履素，有老成之美，久幹王事，靜恭匪懈。 而以疾固辭，章表懇至。 今聽如所上，以為太中大夫，賜錢二十萬，床帳褥席祿賜與卿同，門施行馬。」 表以苦節垂名，司徒李胤、司隸王宏等並歎美表清澹退靜，以為不可得貴賤而親疏也。 咸甯元年八月卒，時年七十二，諡曰康，詔賜朝服。 有六子：廙、岑、嶠、鑒、澹、簡。
Hua Biao, courtesy name Weirong, of Gaotang in Pingyuan, was the son of Hua Xin, Wei grand commandant, a man of spotless reputation. At twenty he became cavalier at the yellow gates and rose to palace attendant. Early in Zhengyuan Shi Bao attended court and hailed the duke of Gaoguixiang as Cao Cao reborn. Listeners broke into cold sweat; Biao pleaded illness and withdrew home, escaping the worst. He later became minister of the masters of writing. When the five ranks were instituted he was named earl of Guanyang. He lost office for disorderly funeral arrangements. During Taishi he became junior tutor to the heir apparent, then master of ceremonies. He rose to minister of ceremonies. After some years he asked to retire on grounds of age and illness. The edict read, "Biao has walked a pure, plain path and long served with quiet reverence. Yet illness makes him decline with heartfelt memorials. He is named grand counselor of the palace with two hundred thousand cash, bedding, stipends like a minister, and a mounting-block at his gate." Li Yin and Wang Hong praised his spare detachment as beyond price to high or low. He died in Xianning 1, aged seventy-two, as Kang, with court robes sent posthumously. He had six sons: Yi, Cen, Qiao, Jian, Dan, and a sixth son whose name was also pronounced Jian but written with a different character.
32
廙字長駿，弘敏有才義。 妻父盧毓典選，難舉姻親，故廙年三十五不得調，晚為中書通事郎。 泰始初，遷冗從僕射。 少為武帝所禮，曆黃門侍郎、散騎常侍、前軍將軍、侍中、南中郎將、都督河北諸軍事。 父疾篤輒還，仍遭喪舊例，葬訖復任，暠固辭，迕旨。
Yi, courtesy name Changjun, was open, quick, and able. Because his father-in-law Lu Yu ran personnel and avoided in-law favors, Yi was not moved until thirty-five, when he became a communications gentleman of the secretariat. Early in Taishi he rose to supernumerary vice-director. Emperor Wu favored him from youth; he rose through the yellow gates, cavalier service, forward general, palace attendant, and command on the Hebei front. His father fell mortally ill; though custom required return to office after burial, Yi refused and defied the throne.
33
初，表有賜客在鬲，使廙因縣令袁毅錄名，三客各代以奴。 及毅以貨賕致罪，獄辭迷謬，不復顯以奴代客，直言送三奴與暠，而毅亦盧氏婿也。 又中書監荀勖先為中子求廙女，廙不許，為恨，因密啟帝，以袁毅貨賕者多，不可盡罪，宜責最所親者一人，因指廙當之。 又綠廙有違忤之咎，遂於喪服中免暠官，削爵土。 大鴻臚何遵奏廙免為庶人，不應襲封，請以表世孫混嗣表。 有司奏曰：「廙所坐除名削爵，一時之制。 廙為世子，著在名簿，不聽襲嗣，此為刑罰再加。 諸侯犯法，八議平處者，褒功重爵也。 嫡統非犯終身棄罪，廢之為重，依律應聽襲封。」 詔曰：「諸侯薨，子逾年即位，此古制也。 應即位而廢之，爵命皆去矣，何為罪罰再加？ 且吾之責廙，以肅貪穢，本不論常法也。 諸賢不能將明此意，乃更詭易禮律，不顧憲度，君命廢之，而群下復之，此為上下正相反也。」 於是有司奏免議者官，詔皆以贖論。 混以世孫當受封，逃避，斷發陽狂，病喑不能語，故得不拜，世咸稱之。
Biao had registered clients at Ge through Magistrate Yuan Yi, substituting three slaves for three clients. When Yuan Yi fell for bribery, the indictment muddled the slave substitution and simply said three slaves were given to Hua Yi, who was also a Lu in-law. Xun Xu had wanted Yi's daughter for his son; refused, he secretly urged punishing only the chief offender and named Yi. They stripped Yi of office and fief while he still mourned, citing his defiance. He Zun urged reducing Yi to commoner and passing the noble title to Biao's great-grandson Hun. The bureau replied, "Yi's demotion was a provisional measure. He was recorded as heir; barring succession doubles the penalty. The eight deliberations exist to weigh noble offenders. An heir-apparent should not lose succession for a non-capital fault; the law allows him to inherit." The edict answered, "Heirs wait one year—that is the old rule. To strike him as he succeeds wipes rank once—why punish twice? I disciplined Yi to warn the greedy, not to apply routine law. Ministers twisted ritual to reverse my order—high and low now contradict." The debaters were fined rather than dismissed. Hun the great-grandson should inherit but mutilated himself and feigned madness to refuse the title, winning praise.
34
廙棲遲家巷垂十載，教誨子孫，講誦經典。 集經書要事，名曰《善文》，行於世。 與陳勰共造豬闌於宅側，帝嘗出視之，問其故，左右以實對，帝心憐之。 帝后又登陵雲台，望見廙苜蓿園，阡陌甚整，依然感舊。 太康初大赦，乃得襲封。 久之，拜城門校尉，遷左衛將軍。 數年，以為中書監。 惠帝即位，加侍中、光祿大夫、尚書令，進爵為公。 廙應楊駿召，不時還，有司奏免官。 尋遷太子少傅，加散騎常侍，動遵禮典，得傅導之義。 後年衰病篤，詔遣太醫療病，進位光祿大夫、開府儀同三司。 時河南尹韓壽因托賈后求以女配廙孫陶，廙距而不許，後深以為恨，故遂不登臺司。 年七十五卒，諡曰元。 三子：混、薈、恆。
Yi lingered at home nearly ten years, teaching descendants and lecturing on the classics. He gathered essential points from the classics into a work titled Good Writings, which circulated widely. With Chen Xie he built a pigpen beside his house; the emperor once came to look, asked why, and when attendants told the truth the emperor pitied him. The empress later ascended Lingyun Terrace, saw Yi's alfalfa garden with its paths very orderly, and was moved by old memories. At the beginning of Taikang a general amnesty came, and he was able to inherit the fief. After a long while he was appointed colonel of the city gates and promoted general of the left guards. Several years later he was named director of the palace secretariat. When Emperor Hui acceded he was made palace attendant, master of ceremonies, and minister of the masters of writing, and advanced to duke. Yi answered Yang Jun's summons but did not return in time; the office memorialized to dismiss him from office. Soon he was moved to junior tutor of the heir apparent with cavalier attendant-in-ordinary added, following ritual canon and fulfilling a tutor's duty. Later, in aged decline and grave illness, an edict sent the imperial physician to treat him and advanced him to master of ceremonies with opener-of-office parity of the three ranks. At the time Intendant of Henan Han Shou, through entreaties to Empress Jia, sought to marry his daughter to Yi's grandson Tao; Yi refused and the empress deeply resented it, so he never reached the highest ministerial rank. He died at seventy-five with posthumous name Yuan. He had three sons: Hun, Hui, and Heng.
35
混字敬倫，嗣父爵，清貞簡正，歷位侍中、尚書，卒官。 子陶嗣，補鞏令，沒于石勒。
Hun, courtesy name Jinglun, inherited, served as palace attendant and minister, and died in office, chaste and upright. His son Tao succeeded, became magistrate of Gong, and died under Shi Le.
36
薈字敬叔，為河南尹。 與荀籓、荀組俱避賊，至臨穎，父子並遇害。
Hua Hui, courtesy name Jingshu, served as intendant of Henan. With Xun Fan and Xun Zu he fled raiders to Linying and died there with his father.
37
廙子恆
Yi's son was Heng.
38
恆字敬則，博學以清素為稱。 尚武帝女滎陽長公主，拜駙馬都尉。 元康初，東宮建，恆以選為太子賓友，賜爵關內侯，食邑百戶。 辟司徒王渾倉曹掾，屬除散騎侍郎，累遷散騎常侍、北軍中候，俄拜領軍，加散騎常侍。
Heng, courtesy name Jingze, was learned and famed for spare purity. He wed Emperor Wu's elder daughter, Princess of Xingyang, and became colonel of the household cavalry. Early in Yuankang, when the eastern palace opened, he was named guest-friend to the heir with a marquisate within the passes. He served Wang Hun's staff, then rose through cavalier posts to north army warden and soon protector of the army.
39
湣帝即位，以恆為尚書，進爵苑陵縣公。 頃之，劉聰逼長安，詔出恆為鎮軍將軍，領潁川太守，以為外援。 恆興合義軍，得二千人，未及西赴，而關中陷沒。 時群賊方盛，所在州郡相繼奔敗，恆亦欲棄郡東渡，而從兄軼為元帝所誅，以此為疑。 先書與驃騎將軍王導，導言於帝。 帝曰：「兄弟罪不相及，況群從乎！」 即召恆，補光祿勳。 恆到，未及拜，更以為衛將軍，加散騎常侍、本州大中正。
When Emperor Min acceded, Heng was made minister of the masters of writing and advanced to Duke of Yuanling county. Shortly thereafter Liu Cong pressed Chang'an; an edict sent Heng out as General Who Pacifies the Army, concurrent governor of Yingchuan, as outside support. Heng gathered a righteous army of two thousand men; before he could march west, Guanzhong fell. At the time bandits were raging and commanderies fell in succession; Heng also wished to abandon his commandery and cross east, but his elder cousin Hua Die had been executed by Emperor Yuan, and for that reason he hesitated. He first wrote to Cavalry General Wang Dao; Dao spoke to the emperor. The emperor said, "Crimes of brothers do not reach one another—how much less cousins!" Heng was at once summoned and supplemented as master of ceremonies. When Heng arrived, before he could take obeisance he was instead made general of the guards with cavalier attendant-in-ordinary and grand rectifier of his native province added.
40
尋拜太常，議立郊祀。 尚書刁協、國子祭酒杜彝議，須還洛乃修郊祀。 恆議，漢獻帝居許，即便郊柴，宜於此修立。 司徒荀組、驃騎將軍王導同恆議，遂定郊祀。 尋以疾求解，詔曰：「太常職主宗廟，烝嘗敬重，而華恆所疾，不堪親奉職事。 夫子稱'吾不與祭，如不祭'，況宗伯之任職所司邪！ 今轉恆為廷尉。」 頃之，加特進。
He became minister of ceremonies and joined debate on suburban sacrifice. Diao Xie and Du Yi argued suburban rites must wait on recovering Luoyang. Heng cited Emperor Xian sacrificing at Xu and urged establishing rites at Jiankang. Xun Zu and Wang Dao concurred, and the suburban rite was settled. He asked leave on illness; the edict said, "The minister of ceremonies must lead temple rites, which his health forbids. 'Absent sacrifice is no sacrifice'—how much more the minister of rites. He is therefore moved to director of justice." Soon he received the title specially advanced.
41
太甯初，遷驃騎將軍，加散騎常侍，督石頭水陸諸軍事。 王敦表轉恆為護軍，疾病不拜。 授金紫光祿大夫，又領太子太保。 成帝即位，加散騎常侍，領國子祭酒。 咸和初，以湣帝時賜爵進封一皆削除，恆更以討王敦功封苑陵縣侯，復領太常。 蘇峻之亂，恆侍帝左右，從至石頭，備履艱危，困悴逾年。
Early in Taining he became general of agile cavalry, commanding Stone City forces. Wang Dun tried to name him protector of the army, but illness blocked the appointment. He received grand master of the golden seal and purple ribbon and served as junior tutor to the crown prince. Under Emperor Cheng he added cavalier attendant-in-ordinary and libationer of the academy. Early in Xianhe, Min-era titles were voided; Heng was re-enfeoffed at Yuanling for merit against Wang Dun and again led the ministry of rites. During Su Jun's revolt he stayed with the emperor at Stone City over a year of hardship.
42
初，恆為州大中正，鄉人任讓輕薄無行，為恆所黜。 及讓在峻軍中，任勢多所殺害，見恆輒恭敬，不肆其虐。 鐘雅、劉超之死，亦將及恆，讓盡心救衛，故得免。
As provincial middle appraiser he had degraded the worthless Ren Rang. When Rang served Su Jun he spared Heng respect despite his killings. Rang protected him when Zhong Ya and Liu Chao fell.
43
及帝加元服，又將納後。 寇難之後，典籍靡遺，婚冠之禮，無所依據。 恆推尋舊典，撰定禮儀，並郊廟辟雍朝廷軌則，事並施用。 遷左光祿大夫、開府，常侍如故，固讓未拜。 會卒，時年六十九，冊贈侍中、左光祿大夫、開府，諡曰敬。
When the emperor took the capping rites and chose an empress, the war had destroyed the classics, leaving wedding and capping rites without models. Heng recovered old texts, drafted the rituals, and set forms for suburb, temples, and court that were all adopted. He was offered grand master of the left and opener of office but declined. He died at sixty-nine; posthumously he received palace attendant, grand master of the left, opener of office, and the posthumous name Jing.
44
恆清恪儉素，雖居顯列，常布衣蔬食，年老彌篤。 死之日，家無餘財，唯有書數百卷，時人以此貴之。 子俊嗣，為尚書郎。 俊子仰之，大長秋。
Though eminent he lived on coarse clothes and plain fare, stricter as he aged. He died leaving no wealth but several hundred books, which contemporaries honored. His son Hua Jun inherited the title and served as a gentleman of the masters of writing. His grandson Yangzhi rose to grand prolonger of autumn.
45
廙弟嶠
Yi's brother was Hua Qiao.
46
嶠字叔駿，才學深博，少有令聞。 文帝為大將軍，辟為掾屬，補尚書郎，轉車騎從事中郎。 泰始初，賜爵關內侯。 遷太子中庶子。 出為安平太守。 辭親老不行，更拜散騎常侍，典中書著作，領國子博士，遷侍中。
Hua Qiao, courtesy name Shujun, was famed from youth for wide learning and literary depth. Prince Wen took him on staff, then named him gentleman of the masters of writing and aide in the chariot guard. Early in Taishi he received the title marquis within the passes. He became household gentleman to the heir apparent. He was sent out as governor of Anping. He pleaded aged parents and stayed home, then was named cavalier attendant-in-ordinary over secretariat writing, libationer of the academy, and palace attendant.
47
太康末，武帝頗親宴樂，又多疾病。 屬小瘳，嶠與侍臣表賀，因微諫曰：「伏惟聖體漸就平和，上下同慶，不覺抃舞。 臣等愚戇，竊有微懷，以為收功於所忽，事乃無悔； 慮福于垂成，祚乃日新。 唯願陛下深垂聖明，遠思所忽之悔，以成日新之福。 沖靜和氣，嗇養精神，頤身于清簡之宇，留心於虛曠之域。 無厭世俗常戒，以忽群下之言，則豐慶日延，天下幸甚！」 帝手詔報曰：「輒自消息，無所為慮。」 元康初，封宣昌亭侯。 誅楊駿，改封樂鄉侯，遷尚書。
Late in Taikang Emperor Wu feasted often and was frequently ill. When the emperor rallied, Qiao joined other ministers in a congratulatory memorial, gently urging, "We bow that Your Sagely Person is gradually returning to peace; high and low share joy and cannot help dancing. We humbly note that guarding against small oversights prevents regret; securing good fortune at the moment of success keeps the mandate ever fresh. We pray you will ponder past slips and secure lasting good fortune. Cultivate stillness, nourish your vitality, dwell in simplicity, and keep your mind untroubled. Heed honest counsel and do not scorn your officials—then blessings will grow and the empire will rejoice!" The emperor answered in his own hand, "I shall take care of myself; have no worry." Early in Yuankang he was enfeoffed marquis of Xuanchang village. After Yang Jun fell he was transferred to marquis of Lexiang and minister of the masters of writing.
48
後以嶠博聞多識，屬書典實，有良史之志，轉秘書監，加散騎常侍，班同中書。 寺為內台，中書、散騎、著作及治禮音律，天文數術，南省文章，門下撰集，皆典統之。 初，嶠以《漢紀》煩穢，慨然有改作之意。 會為台郎，典官制事，由是得遍觀秘笈，遂就其緒，起于光武，終於孝獻，一百九十五年，為帝紀十二卷、皇后紀二卷、十典十卷、傳七十卷及三譜、序傳、目錄，凡九十七卷。 嶠以皇后配天作合，前史作外戚傳以繼末編，非其義也，故易為皇后紀，以次帝紀。 又改志為典，以有《堯典》故也。 而改名《漢後書》奏之。 詔朝臣會議。 時中書監荀勖、令和嶠、太常張華、侍中王濟咸以嶠文質事核，有遷固之規，實錄之風，藏之秘府。 後太尉汝南王亮、司空衛瓘為東宮傅，列上通講，事遂施行。 嶠所著論議難駁詩賦之屬數十萬言，其所奏官制、太子宜還宮及安邊、雩祭、明堂辟雍、浚導河渠，巡禹之舊跡置都水官，修蠶宮之禮置長秋，事多施行。 元康三年卒，追贈少府，諡曰簡。
His erudition and archival skill won him the palace library with cavalier rank and protocol matching the secretariat. He oversaw the inner archives, secretariat, ritual, astronomy, and southern bureau drafts. He had long wished to revise the Han Annals. He compiled ninety-seven scrolls from Guangwu to the last Han emperor, covering annals, empresses, canons, and biographies. He replaced outer-kin chapters with empress annals paired to the imperial line. He renamed treatises as canons after the Yao Canon model. He presented his work as the Later Han Annals. The court convened to judge the manuscript. Xun Xu, He Qiao, Zhang Hua, and Wang Ji praised it as worthy of Ban Gu and ordered it sealed in the vault. As tutors to the heir they secured imperial approval for its use at court. His policy papers on ritual, rivers, and the heir were often enacted. He died in Yuankang 3 and was posthumously named minister of the treasury with the title Jian.
49
嶠性嗜酒，率常沈醉。 所撰書十典未成而終，秘書監何劭奏嶠中子徹為佐著作郎，使踵成之，未竟而卒。 後監繆徵又奏嶠少子暢為佐著作郎，克成十典，並草魏、晉紀傳，與著作郎張載等俱在史官。 永嘉喪亂，經籍遺沒，嶠書存者五十餘卷。
He drank heavily by habit. His ten canons remained unfinished; He Shao asked his son Che to finish them, but Che died midway. Later his son Chang finished the canons and drafted Wei and Jin history with Zhang Zai. War destroyed most copies; barely fifty scrolls survived.
50
嶠有三子：頤、徹、暢。 頤嗣，官至長樂內史。 暢有才思，所著文章數萬言。 遭寇亂，避難荊州，為賊所害，時年四十。
His sons were Yi, Che, and Chang. Yi inherited and rose to inner prefect of Changle. Chang wrote extensively. He fled to Jingzhou and died at forty at bandit hands.
51
石鑒，字林伯，樂陵厭次人也。 出自寒素，雅志公亮。 仕魏，曆尚書郎、侍御史、尚書左丞、御史中丞，多所糾正，朝廷憚之，出為并州刺史、假節、護匈奴中郎將。 武帝受禪，封堂陽子。 入為司隸校尉，轉尚書。 時秦、涼為虜所敗，遣鑒都督隴右諸軍事，坐論功虛偽免官。 後為鎮南將軍、豫州刺史，坐討吳賊虛張首級。 詔曰：「昔雲中守魏尚以斬首不實受刑，武牙將軍田順以詐增虜獲自殺，誣罔敗法，古今所疾。 鑒備大臣，吾所取信。 往者西事，公欺朝廷，以敗為得，竟不推究。 中間黜免未久，尋復授用，冀能補過，而乃與下同詐。 所謂大臣，義得爾乎！ 有司奏是也，顧未忍耳。 今遣歸田里，終身不得復用，勿削爵土也。」 久之，拜光祿勳，復為司隸校尉，稍加特進，遷右光祿大夫、開府，領司徒。 前代三公冊拜，皆設小會，所以崇宰輔之制也。 自魏末已後，廢不復行。 至鑒，有詔令會，遂以為常。 太康末，拜司空，領太子太傅。
Shi Jian, courtesy name Linbo, came from Yanci in Leling commandery. Of humble origin, he aimed at upright public service. Under Wei he rose through secretariat and censor posts, awed the court with rectitude, and became inspector of Bing with border command. At the founding of Jin he was enfeoffed viscount of Tangyang. He served as metropolitan commandant, then minister of the masters of writing. He commanded on the Longyou front but lost office for inflated battle claims. Later as southern commander he again inflated enemy heads. The edict said, "Long ago Yunzhong governor Wei Shang was punished for false head counts, and General Tian Shun of the martial fangs killed himself for lying about captives—deceit that ruins law is hated in every age. Jian is a chief minister I trusted. On the western campaign you lied to the throne yet went unpunished. Restored to office, you again cheated with your staff. Is this conduct fit for a great minister? The bureau agreed to harsh punishment, but I stayed my hand. He is banished for life from office but keeps his title and land." Years later he returned as master of ceremonies, metropolitan commandant, grand master of the right, and minister of education. Ancient three-ducal investitures included a modest banquet to honor the office. Late Wei had dropped the custom. For Jian the court revived the banquet and made it precedent. Late in Taikang he became minister of works and grand tutor to the heir.
52
武帝崩，鑒與中護軍張劭監統山陵。 時大司馬、汝南王亮為太傅楊駿所疑，不敢臨喪，出營城外。 時有告亮欲舉兵討駿，駿大懼，白太后令帝為手詔，詔鑒及張劭使率陵兵討亮。 劭，駿甥也，便率所領催鑒速發，鑒以為不然，保持之，遣人密覘視亮，已別道還許昌，於是駿止，論者稱之。 山陵訖，封昌安縣侯。 元康初，為太尉。 年八十餘，克壯慷慨，自遇若少年，時人美之。 尋薨，諡曰元。 子陋，字處賤，襲封，曆屯騎校尉。
At Wu's death he and Zhang Shao oversaw the imperial tomb. Prince Liang feared Yang Jun and stayed outside the city during the funeral. A rumor drove Yang Jun to order Jian and Zhang Shao to attack Prince Liang with tomb guards. Zhang Shao pressed for immediate attack; Jian delayed, reconnoitered, and proved Liang had left for Xuchang—Jun canceled the order and men praised Jian. After the tomb work he was enfeoffed marquis of Chang'an. Early in Yuankang he was grand commandant. Past eighty he remained vigorous and was admired. He soon died with posthumous name Yuan. His son Lou inherited and rose to colonel of garrison cavalry.
53
溫羨，字長卿，太原祁人，漢護羌校尉序之後也。 祖恢，魏揚州刺史。 父恭，濟南太守。 兄弟六人並知名於世，號曰「六龍」。 羨少以朗寤見稱，齊王攸辟為掾，遷尚書郎。 惠帝即位，拜豫州刺史，入為散騎常侍，累遷尚書。 及齊王冏輔政，以羨攸之故吏，意特親之，轉吏部尚書。
Wen Xian, courtesy name Changqing, was a native of Qi in Taiyuan commandery, a descendant of the Han Protector of the Qiang Wen Xu. His grandfather Hui had been Wei inspector of Yang province. His father Gong had been governor of Jinan. Six brothers were all famed in the world and called the "Six Dragons." Xian in youth was praised for bright insight; Prince You of Qi summoned him as aide, and he was moved to gentleman of the masters of writing. When Emperor Hui acceded he was named inspector of Yu province, entered as cavalier attendant-in-ordinary, and rose repeatedly to minister of the masters of writing. When Prince Jiong of Qi aided government, because Xian had been You's former aide, Jiong treated him with especial intimacy and transferred him to minister of personnel.
54
先是，張華被誅，冏建議欲復其官爵。 論者或以為非，羨駁之曰：「自天子已下，爭臣各有差，不得歸罪於一人也。 故晏子曰：'為已死亡，非其親昵，誰能任之？」 裏克之殺二庶，陳乞之立陽生，漢朝之誅諸呂，皆積年之後乃得立事。 未有事主見存，而得行其志於數月之內者也。 式乾之會，張華獨諫。 上宰不和，不能承風贊善，望其指麾從命，不亦難乎！ 況今皇后譖害其子，內難不預，禮非所在。 且後體齊於帝，尊同皇極，罪在枉子，事不為逆，義非所討。 今以華不能廢枉子之後，與趙盾不討殺君之賊同，而貶責之，於義不經通也。」 華竟得追復爵位。
After Zhang Hua was executed, Prince Jiong moved to restore his honors. Wen Xian refuted them, saying, "From the Son of Heaven down each remonstrating officer has his grade—guilt cannot be pinned on one minister alone. Therefore Yan Ying said, 'When a man dies for his lord, unless they are kin, who will answer for him?'" Historical precedents like Li Ke and the Lü purge unfolded over years. No minister executes such a plan in mere months while the ruler lives. At the Shi Qian affair Zhang Hua alone remonstrated. The high ministers were divided; expecting Hua to command alone was impossible. The empress harmed her son; Hua could not have foreseen inner court murder. The empress ranked with the emperor; fault lay with the prince, not treason. Blaming Hua like Zhao Dun for failing to punish the empress twists justice. Zhang Hua's titles were restored.
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其後以從駕討成都王穎有勳，封大陵縣公，邑千八百戶。 出為冀州刺史，加後將軍，范陽王虓敗於許昌也，自牧冀州，羨乃避之。 惠帝之幸長安，以羨為中書令，不就。 及帝還洛陽，徵為中書監，加散騎常侍。 未拜，會帝崩。 懷帝即位，遷左光祿大夫、開府，領司徒。 論者僉謂為速。 在位未幾，病卒，贈司徒，諡曰元。 有三子：祗、允、裕。
He earned the duchy of Daling for the campaign against Prince Ying. As Ji inspector he stepped aside when Prince Xiao of Fanyang took the province after his defeat at Xuchang. When the emperor fled west he was named palace secretariat director but declined. Recalled at Luoyang he was offered palace secretariat director with cavalier rank. He had not taken office when the emperor died. Under Emperor Huai he became grand master of the left and minister of education. Critics called his promotion hasty. He died soon after with posthumous honors as minister of education, title Yuan. His sons were Zhi, Yun, and Yu.
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祗字敬齊，太傅西曹掾。 允字敬咸，太子舍人。 裕字敬嗣，尚武安長公主，官至左光祿大夫。
Zhi, courtesy name Jingqi, served the grand tutor's western bureau. Yun, courtesy name Jingxian, was household gentleman to the heir. Yu, courtesy name Jingsi, married the senior princess of Wu'an and reached grand master of the left.
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史臣曰：晉氏中朝，承累世之資，建兼併之業，衣冠斯盛，英彥如林。 此數公者，或以雅望處台槐，或以高名居保傅，自非一時之秀，亦曷能至於斯。 惜其參緘於論道之辰，獨善於兼濟之日，良圖鯁議，無足多談。 然退已進賢，林叔弘推讓之美； 自家刑國，宣伯協恭孝之規。 子若之儒素為基，偉容之苦節流譽，慶垂來葉，不亦宜哉！ 石鑒以公亮升，溫羨以明寤顯，屬於危亂，不隕其名。 歲寒見松柏之後凋，斯人之謂矣。
The historians say mid-Jin inherited wealth and ambition; talent filled the court. These men reached the highest posts only as exceptional talents of their day. Yet in crisis they often chose private safety over saving the realm—little more need be said. Zheng Mao's yielding set a standard of deference; Li Yin harmonized family and state in filial duty; Lu Qin's scholarship and Hua Biao's austerity left blessings for posterity—fitting praise. Shi Jian and Wen Xian kept their reputations through turmoil. As the proverb says, winter reveals the evergreen—so with these men.
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贊曰：讓矣密陵，孝哉廣陸。 欽既博雅，表亦貞肅。 鑒績克宣，溫聲載穆。 同鏘玉振，爭芬蘭鬱。
Encomium: yielding Zheng Mao, filial Zheng Mo; Lu Qin was learned and pure; Hua Biao was stern and true. Shi Jian's deeds shone abroad, and Wen Xian's name carried a quiet dignity. Together they chimed like struck jade and rivaled the orchid's scent—men of a piece with the finest company.