1
梁書卷第二十三列傳第十七
Book of Liang, Volume 23, Biographies 17
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長沙嗣王業永陽嗣王伯游衡陽嗣王元簡桂陽嗣王象
Ye, Heir Prince of Changsha; Boyou, Heir Prince of Yongyang; Yuanjian, Heir Prince of Hengyang; and Xiang, Heir Prince of Guiyang
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長沙嗣王業字靜曠，高祖長兄懿之子也。 懿字元達，少有令譽。 解褐齊安南邵陵王行參軍，襲爵臨湘縣侯。 遷太子舍人、洗馬、建安王友。 出爲晉陵太守，曾未朞月，訟理人和，稱爲善政。 入爲中書侍郎。 永明季，授持節、都督梁南北秦沙四州諸軍事、西戎校尉、梁、南秦二州刺史，加冠軍將軍。 是歲，魏人入漢中，遂圍南鄭。 懿隨機拒擊，傷殺甚多，乃解圍遁去。 懿又遣氐帥楊元秀攻魏歷城、皋蘭、駱谷、坑池等六戍，剋之。 魏人震懼，邊境遂寧。 進號征虜將軍，增封三百戶，遷督益寧二州軍事、益州刺史。 入爲太子右衛率、尚書吏部郎、衛尉卿。 永元二年，裴叔業據豫州反，授持節、征虜將軍、督豫州諸軍事、豫州刺史，領歷陽南譙二郡太守，討叔業。 叔業懼，降于魏。 旣而平西將軍崔慧景入寇京邑，奉江夏王寶玄圍臺城。 齊室大亂，詔徵懿。 懿時方食，投箸而起，率銳卒三千人援城。 慧景遣其子覺來拒，懿奔擊，大破之，覺單騎走。 乘勝而進，慧景衆潰，追斬之。 授侍中、尚書右僕射，未拜。 仍遷尚書令、都督征討水陸諸軍事，持節、將軍如故，增邑二千五百戶。 時東昏肆虐，茹法珍、王咺之等執政，宿臣舊將，並見誅夷，懿旣立元勳，獨居朝右，深爲法珍等所憚，乃說東昏曰：「懿將行隆昌故事，陛下命在晷刻。」 東昏信之，將加酷害，而懿所親知之，密具舟江渚，勸令西奔。 懿曰：「古皆有死，豈有叛走尚書令耶？」 遂遇禍。 中興元年，追贈侍中、中書監、司徒。 宣德太后臨朝，改贈太傅。 天監元年，追崇丞相，封長沙郡王，諡曰宣武。 給九旒、鸞輅、輼輬車，黃屋左纛，前後部羽葆鼓吹，輓歌二部，虎賁班劍百人，葬禮一依晉安平王故事。
Ye, Heir Prince of Changsha, whose style was Jingkuang, was the son of Yi, elder brother of Emperor Wu. Yi, styled Yuanda, enjoyed an excellent reputation from his youth. On entering office he served as a staff officer to the Prince of Shaoling of Qi, and inherited the title Marquis of Linxiang. He was promoted to Crown Prince Attendant, Groom, and Companion to the Prince of Jian'an. Posted as governor of Jinling, within less than a month he had brought lawsuits to order and harmony among the people, and his rule was acclaimed as exemplary. He was recalled to the capital as Vice Director of the Secretariat. In the closing years of the Yongming era he received the staff of authority as Commander-in-Chief over Liang, North Qin, South Qin, and Sha, was appointed Western Rong Commandant and Governor of Liang and South Qin, and given the additional rank of General Who Establishes Might. That year the Northern Wei invaded Hanzhong and laid siege to Nanzheng. Yi countered them as opportunities arose, inflicting heavy casualties, until the enemy lifted the siege and withdrew. Yi also dispatched the Di chieftain Yang Yuanxiu against six Wei garrisons—Licheng, Gaolan, Luogu, Kengchi, and others—and took them all. The Wei were shaken with fear, and the frontier was thereafter secure. He was promoted to General Who Pacifies the Barbarians, his fief was increased by three hundred households, and he was appointed to oversee military affairs in Yi and Ning and to serve as Governor of Yi. He was recalled as Right Commandant of the Crown Prince's Guard, Director of the Ministry of Personnel, and Commandant of the Guard. In the second year of Yongyuan, Pei Shuye rebelled while holding Yuzhou. Yi received the staff of authority as General Who Pacifies the Barbarians, Commander-in-Chief of Yuzhou, and Governor of Yuzhou, and concurrently governed Liyang and Nanqiao, to suppress Shuye. Shuye, in fear, surrendered to the Wei. Soon afterward General Who Pacifies the West Cui Huijing invaded the capital, supporting Prince Bao Xuan of Jiangxia in a siege of the imperial city. With the Qi court in turmoil, an edict summoned Yi to the capital. Yi was in the middle of a meal when the summons came; he threw down his chopsticks, rose at once, and led three thousand elite troops to relieve the capital. Huijing sent his son Jue to block him; Yi charged headlong and routed the force completely, and Jue fled alone on horseback. Pressing his advantage, Yi drove on until Huijing's army broke; Huijing was pursued and beheaded. He was appointed Attendant-in-Chief and Vice Director of the Right of the Secretariat, but never took up the offices. He was then made Director of the Secretariat and Commander-in-Chief of all land and naval forces on campaign; his staff of authority and general's rank were unchanged, and his fief was increased by two thousand five hundred households. At that time Emperor Donghun ruled with savage cruelty; Ru Fazhen, Wang Xuanzhi, and their faction held power, and veteran ministers and old generals were slaughtered one after another. Yi, who had won the founding merit, stood alone at the summit of the court and was deeply feared by Fazhen and his allies. They told Donghun, 'Yi is about to repeat what happened in the Longchang era—Your Majesty's life is measured in moments.' Donghun believed them and was about to have Yi killed. Those close to Yi learned of the plot, secretly prepared boats on the riverbank, and urged him to flee west. Yi said, 'Since antiquity all men must die—has there ever been a Director of the Secretariat who fled in disgrace?' He met his death. In the first year of Zhongxing he was posthumously appointed Attendant-in-Chief, Supervisor of the Secretariat, and Grand Tutor. When Empress Dowager Xuande assumed the regency, his posthumous rank was raised to Grand Preceptor. In the first year of Tianjian he was posthumously honored as Chancellor, created Prince of Changsha, and given the posthumous title Xuanwu. He was granted the full panoply of princely funeral honors—nine tassels, the imperial carriage, the funeral bier, the yellow canopy and left banner, front and rear escorts with feathered parasols and martial music, two sections of dirge singers, and a hundred Tiger Guards with ceremonial swords—and his burial followed entirely the precedent set for the Prince of Anping of Jin.
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業幼而明敏，識度過人。 仕齊爲著作郎、太子舍人。 宣武之難，與二弟藻、象俱逃匿。 高祖旣至，乃赴于軍，以爲寧朔將軍。 中興二年，除輔國將軍、南琅邪清河二郡太守。 天監二年，襲封長沙王，徵爲冠軍將軍，量置佐史，遷秘書監。 四年，改授侍中。 六年，轉散騎常侍、太子右衛率，遷左驍騎將軍，尋爲中護軍，領石頭戍軍事。 七年，出爲使持節、都督南兗兗徐青冀五州諸軍事、仁威將軍、南兗州刺史。 八年，徵爲護軍。 九年，除中書令，改授安後將軍、鎮琅邪彭城二郡、領南琅邪太守。 十年，徵爲安右將軍、散騎常侍。 十四年，復爲護軍，領南琅邪彭城，鎮于琅邪。 復徵中書令，出爲輕車將軍、湘州刺史。
From childhood Ye was bright and perceptive, his judgment surpassing that of others. Under the Qi he served as a Compiler and Crown Prince Attendant. When Prince Xuanwu met his death, he went into hiding together with his younger brothers Zao and Xiang. Once Emperor Wu had arrived, he came to join the army and was appointed General Who Pacifies the North. In the second year of Zhongxing he was appointed General Who Assists the State and governor of South Langye and Qinghe. In the second year of Tianjian he inherited the title Prince of Changsha, was summoned as General Who Establishes Might with an appropriate staff, and was appointed Supervisor of the Secretariat. In the fourth year he was reassigned as Attendant-in-Chief. In the sixth year he became Regular Attendant and Right Commandant of the Crown Prince's Guard, was promoted to General of the Left Rapid Cavalry, and soon after was made Central Guard General with command of the Shitou garrison. In the seventh year he was posted with the emissary staff as Commander-in-Chief of South Yan, Yan, Xu, Qing, and Ji, General of Benevolent Might, and Governor of South Yan. In the eighth year he was recalled as Protector of the Army. In the ninth year he was relieved as Director of the Secretariat and reassigned as General Who Pacifies the Rear, charged with Langye and Pengcheng and concurrently governing South Langye. In the tenth year he was recalled as General Who Pacifies the Right and Regular Attendant. In the fourteenth year he again became Protector of the Army with charge of South Langye and Pengcheng, and took up his post at Langye. He was again summoned as Director of the Secretariat, then posted as General of the Light Carriage and Governor of Xiangzhou.
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業性敦篤，所在留惠。 深信因果，篤誠佛法，高祖每嘉歎之。 普通三年，徵爲散騎常侍、護軍將軍。 四年，改爲侍中、金紫光祿大夫。 七年，薨，時年四十八。 諡曰元。 有文集行於世。 子孝儼嗣。
Ye was by nature sincere and steadfast, and wherever he served he left a legacy of kindness. He was a devout believer in karmic retribution and sincerely devoted to the Buddhist teachings, which Emperor Wu often praised with admiration. In the third year of Putong he was recalled as Regular Attendant and Protector General of the Army. In the fourth year he was reassigned as Attendant-in-Chief and Grand Master of the Golden Seal and Purple Girdle. In the seventh year he died, at the age of forty-eight. He was given the posthumous title Yuan. His collected writings circulated in his lifetime. His son Xiaoyan succeeded him.
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孝儼字希莊，聰慧有文才。 射策甲科，除秘書郎、太子舍人。 從幸華林園，於座獻《相風烏》、《華光殿》、《景陽山》等頌，其文甚美，高祖深賞異之。 普通元年，薨，時年二十三。 諡曰章。 子慎嗣。
Xiaoyan, styled Xizhuang, was clever and gifted in letters. He placed in the top grade of the civil examination and was appointed Secretary and Crown Prince Attendant. On an imperial visit to Hualin Garden he presented at court his odes 'The Wind-Measuring Bird,' 'Hualin Hall,' 'Jingyang Mountain,' and others. The writing was exquisite, and Emperor Wu admired it greatly. In the first year of Putong he died, at the age of twenty-three. He was given the posthumous title Zhang. His son Shen succeeded him.
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藻性謙退，不求聞達。 善屬文辭，尤好古體，自非公讌，未嘗妄有所爲，縱有小文，成輒棄本。 十一年，出爲使持節、都督雍、梁、秦三州竟陵、隨二郡諸軍事、仁威將軍、寧蠻校尉、雍州刺史。 十二年，徵爲使持節、都督南兗兗徐青冀五州諸軍事、兗州刺史，軍號如故。 頻蒞數鎮，民吏稱之。 推善下人，常如弗及。 徵爲太子詹事。 普通三年，遷領軍將軍，加侍中。 六年，爲軍師將軍，與西豊侯正德北伐渦陽，輒班師，爲有司所奏，免官削爵土。 七年，起爲宗正卿。 八年，復封爵，尋除左衛將軍，領步兵校尉。 大通元年，遷侍中、中護軍。 時渦陽始降，乃以藻爲使持節、北討都督、征北大將軍，鎮于渦陽。 二年，爲中權將軍、金紫光祿大夫，置佐史，加侍中。 中大通元年，遷護軍將軍，中權如故。 三年，爲中軍將軍、太子詹事，出爲丹陽尹。 高祖每歎曰：「子弟並如迦葉，吾復何憂。」 迦葉，藻小名也。 入爲安左將軍、尚書左僕射，加侍中，藻固辭不就，詔不許。 大同五年，遷中衛將軍、開府儀同三司、中書令，侍中如故。
Zao was by nature modest and retiring, seeking neither fame nor advancement. He was skilled at literary composition and especially favored the ancient style. Except at formal gatherings he never wrote casually, and even when he produced a short piece he would discard the draft once it was done. In the eleventh year he was posted with the emissary staff as Commander-in-Chief of Yong, Liang, and Qin and of Jingling and Sui, General of Benevolent Might, Pacifier of the Barbarians Commandant, and Governor of Yong. In the twelfth year he was recalled with the emissary staff as Commander-in-Chief of South Yan, Yan, Xu, Qing, and Ji and as Governor of Yan, his military rank unchanged. He served repeatedly at several frontier posts, and both the people and officials praised his rule. He deferred to others' virtues and humbled himself before all, always as though he fell short of them. He was recalled as Grand Tutor of the Crown Prince. In the third year of Putong he was promoted to General of the Garrison Guards with the additional title Attendant-in-Chief. In the sixth year he served as General of the Army and joined the Marquis of Xifeng, Zhengde, on a northern campaign against Woyang, but abruptly withdrew his forces. The authorities impeached him, and he was stripped of office and fief. In the seventh year he was reappointed Director of the Imperial Clan. In the eighth year his title was restored; soon after he was appointed General of the Left Guard and Commandant of Foot Soldiers. In the first year of Datong he was promoted to Attendant-in-Chief and Central Guard General. Woyang had just surrendered, and Zao was appointed with the emissary staff as Northern Campaign Commander-in-Chief and General Who Conquers the North, with his headquarters at Woyang. In the second year he was appointed General of Central Authority and Grand Master of the Golden Seal and Purple Girdle with an appropriate staff, and given the additional title Attendant-in-Chief. In the first year of Zhongdatong he was promoted to Protector General of the Army while retaining his rank as General of Central Authority. In the third year he was appointed Central Army General and Grand Tutor of the Crown Prince, then posted as Governor of Danyang. Emperor Wu often sighed and said, 'If all my sons and nephews were like Kaye, what would I have to worry about?' Kaye was Zao's childhood name. He was recalled as General Who Pacifies the Left and Vice Director of the Left of the Secretariat with the additional title Attendant-in-Chief. Zao firmly declined, but the edict would not allow it. In the fifth year of Datong he was promoted to Central Guard General, Commander with honors equal to the Three Excellencies and his own staff, and Director of the Secretariat, while retaining his title as Attendant-in-Chief.
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藻性恬靜，獨處一室，床有膝痕，宗室衣冠，莫不楷則。 常以爵祿太過，每思摒退，門庭閑寂，賓客罕通，太宗尤敬愛之。 自遭家禍，恒布衣蒲席，不食鮮禽，非在公庭，不聽音樂。 高祖每以此稱之。 出爲使持節、督南徐州刺史。 侯景亂，藻遣長子彧率兵入援，及城開，加散騎常侍、大將軍。 景遣其儀同蕭邕代之，據京口，藻因感氣疾，不自療。 或勸奔江北，藻曰：「吾國之台鉉，位任特隆，旣不能誅剪逆賊，正當同死朝廷，安能投身異類，欲保餘生。」 因不食累日。 太清三年，薨，時年六十七。
Zao was tranquil by nature. He lived alone in a single room, and the marks of his knees were worn into his couch. Throughout the imperial clan and the gentry, all looked to him as a model. He often felt his rank and stipend were too great and always thought of resigning. His household was quiet and still, and guests rarely called. Crown Prince Zhao especially revered and loved him. Since his family's tragedy he always wore plain cloth and sat on rush mats, ate no fresh meat or poultry, and listened to no music except on formal court occasions. Emperor Wu often praised him for this. He was posted with the emissary staff as Governor of South Xuzhou. During Hou Jing's rebellion, Zao sent his eldest son Yu to lead troops to relieve the capital. When the city fell he was given the additional titles Regular Attendant and Great General. Hou Jing sent his officer Xiao Yong to replace him and seized Jingkou. Zao fell ill with a wasting disorder and refused to seek treatment. Some urged him to flee north of the Yangzi. Zao said, 'I am a pillar of the state, my rank and responsibility exceptionally great. Having failed to destroy the rebels, I ought to die with the court. How could I cast my lot among alien peoples merely to preserve what life remains?' He then refused food for many days. In the third year of Taiqing he died, at the age of sixty-seven.
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伯游美風神，善言玄理。 天監元年四月，詔曰：「兄子伯游，雖年識未弘，意尚粗可。 浙東奧區，宜須撫蒞，可督會稽東陽新安永嘉臨海五郡諸軍事、輔國將軍、會稽太守。」 二年，襲封永陽郡王。 五年，薨，時年二十三。 諡曰恭。
Boyou had an elegant bearing and was skilled in the discourse of metaphysics. In the fourth month of the first year of Tianjian an edict read, 'My elder brother's son Boyou, though still young in years and learning, shows promise of sound judgment. The vital region of eastern Zhe requires a steady hand; he is appointed Commander-in-Chief of Kuaiji, Dongyang, Xin'an, Yongjia, and Linhai, General Who Assists the State, and Governor of Kuaiji.' In the second year he inherited the title Prince of Yongyang. In the fifth year he died, at the age of twenty-three. He was given the posthumous title Gong.
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元簡三年襲封，除中書郎，遷會稽太守。 十三年，入爲給事黃門侍郎，出爲持節、都督廣交越三州諸軍事、平越中郎將、廣州刺史。 還爲太子中庶子，遷使持節、都督郢司霍三州諸軍事、信武將軍、郢州刺史。 十八年正月，卒於州。 諡曰孝。 子俊嗣。
Yuanjian inherited the title in the third year, was appointed Secretary of the Secretariat, and was then transferred to Governor of Kuaiji. In the thirteenth year he was recalled as Attendant Gentleman of the Yellow Gate, then posted with the staff of authority as Commander-in-Chief of Guang, Jiao, and Yue, General of the Interior Who Pacifies Yue, and Governor of Guangzhou. He returned as Attendant of the Crown Prince, then was posted with the emissary staff as Commander-in-Chief of E, Si, and Huo, General of Trustworthy Might, and Governor of Ezhou. In the first month of the eighteenth year he died in office. He was given the posthumous title Xiao. His son Jun succeeded him.
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象容止閒雅，善於交遊，事所生母以孝聞。 起家寧遠將軍、丹陽尹。 到官未幾，簡王妃薨，去職。 服闋，復授明威將軍、丹陽尹。 象生長深宮，始親庶政，舉無失德，朝廷稱之。 出爲持節、督司霍郢三州諸軍事、征遠將軍、郢州刺史。 尋遷湘衡二州諸軍事、輕車將軍、湘州刺史。 湘州舊多虎暴，及象在任，爲之靜息，故老咸稱德政所感。 除中書侍郎，俄以本官行石頭戍軍事，轉給事黃門侍郎、兼領軍，又以本官兼宗正卿。 尋遷侍中、太子詹事，未拜，改授持節、督江州諸軍事、信武將軍、江州刺史。 以疾免。 尋除太常卿，加侍中，遷秘書監、領步兵校尉。 大同二年，薨，諡曰敦。 子慥嗣。
Xiang had an easy, refined bearing and was skilled in society. In caring for his birth mother he was renowned for filial devotion. On entering office he was appointed General Who Pacifies the Distance and Governor of Danyang. He had not long taken up his post when the Princess of Jian died, and he resigned to observe mourning. When his mourning period ended he was reappointed General of Bright Might and Governor of Danyang. Xiang had grown up within the palace walls. When he first took up the duties of government, nothing he did fell short of propriety, and the court praised him. He was posted with the staff of authority as overseer of Si, Huo, and E, General Who Campaigns Afar, and Governor of Ezhou. Soon after he was transferred to oversee military affairs in Xiang and Heng, as General of the Light Carriage and Governor of Xiangzhou. Xiangzhou had long been troubled by man-eating tigers. Under Xiang's rule they ceased their depredations, and the elders all attributed it to the power of his virtuous rule. He was appointed Vice Director of the Secretariat, and soon afterward acted in his existing capacity over the military affairs of the Shitou garrison. He was then transferred to Attendant Gentleman of the Yellow Gate and concurrent General of the Garrison Guards, and concurrently served as Director of the Imperial Clan. Soon after he was promoted to Attendant-in-Chief and Grand Tutor of the Crown Prince, but before he could take up those offices he was reassigned with the staff of authority as overseer of Jiangzhou, General of Trustworthy Might, and Governor of Jiangzhou. He resigned on account of illness. Soon after he was appointed Director of the Imperial Sacrifices with the additional title Attendant-in-Chief, and was then made Supervisor of the Secretariat and Commandant of Foot Soldiers. In the second year of Datong he died and was given the posthumous title Dun. His son Cao succeeded him.
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史臣曰：長沙諸嗣王，並承襲土宇，光有籓服。 桂陽王象以孝聞，在於牧湘，猛虎息暴，蓋德惠所致也。 昔之善政，何以加焉。 [1]
The historiographer writes: The successive Heir Princes of Changsha all inherited their domains and brought honor to their princely houses. Prince Xiang of Guiyang was renowned for filial devotion. When he governed Xiangzhou, the man-eating tigers ceased their ravages—surely the effect of his benevolent rule. What good government of antiquity could surpass this? Note 1.
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全文以中華書局、一九七三年五月版《梁書》爲本校。
The full text has been collated against the Zhonghua Shuju edition of the 《Book of Liang》, May 1973.