1
廢帝郁林王
Deposed Emperor Prince of Yulin
2
廢帝郁林王諱昭業，字元尚，小字法身，文惠太子長子也。 高帝為相王，鎮東府，時年五歲，床前戲。 高帝方令左右拔白髮，問之曰：「兒言我誰耶？」 答曰：「太翁。」 高帝笑謂左右曰：「豈有為人作曾祖而拔白髮者乎。」 即擲鏡、鑷。 其後問訊，高帝指示賓客曰：「我基於此四世矣。」 及武帝即位，封為南郡王，時年十歲。
The Deposed Emperor Prince of Yulin, whose taboo name was Zhaoye and style name Yuanshang — childhood name Fashen — was the eldest son of Crown Prince Wenhu. When Emperor Gao was Prince of the Minister and garrisoned the Eastern Headquarters, the boy was five and played at the bedside. Emperor Gao was having attendants pluck out white hairs when he asked the boy, "Tell me — who am I?" The boy answered, "Great-grandfather." Emperor Gao laughed and told his attendants, "Who plucks white hairs for a man acting as someone's great-grandfather?" He at once cast aside mirror and tweezers. On a later visit, Emperor Gao pointed the boy out to guests and said, "My dynasty's foundation rests on this child — four generations deep." When Emperor Wu took the throne, the boy was enfeoffed as Prince of Nan Commandery at age ten.
3
永明五年十一月戊子，冠於東宮崇正殿。 其日小會，賜王公以下帛各有差，給南郡王扶二人。
In the eleventh month of the fifth year of Yongming, on the day wuzi, he received the capping ceremony in the Eastern Palace's Chongzheng Hall. That day a small court was held: princes and officials down the ranks received graded gifts of silk, and two attendants were assigned to the Prince of Nan Commandery.
4
七年，有司奏給班劍二十人，鼓吹一部。 高選友、學，禮絕群王。 十一年，給皁輪三望車。 文惠太子薨，立南郡王為皇太孫，居東宮。
In the seventh year, the relevant offices petitioned to grant him twenty ceremonial sword-bearers and a full band of martial pipes and drums. Companions and tutors were chosen with exceptional care, and the ritual honors shown him exceeded those of every other prince. In the eleventh year he was granted a black-canopied carriage with three ceremonial canopies. When Crown Prince Wenhu died, the Prince of Nan Commandery was installed as Imperial Grandson-Heir and took up residence in the Eastern Palace.
5
其年七月戊寅，武帝崩，皇太孫即帝位，大赦。
That same year, on wuyin in the seventh month, Emperor Wu died; the Imperial Grandson-Heir took the throne and proclaimed a general amnesty.
6
八月壬午，詔稱遺詔，以護軍將軍武陵王曄為衛將軍，征南大將軍陳顯達即本號，並開府儀同三司。 以尚書左僕射西昌侯鸞為尚書令，右僕射王晏為左僕射，吏部尚書徐孝嗣為右僕射。 癸未，加司徒竟陵王子良位太傅，增班劍三十人。 蠲除三調及眾逋在今年七月三十日以前者。 省禦府及無用池田邸冶，減關市徵稅。 先是，每有蠲原之詔，多無事實，督責如故。 是時西昌侯鸞任知朝政，天下咸望風來蘇，至此恩信兩行，海內莫不欣然。
In the eighth month on renwu, an edict issued in the name of the late emperor's testament appointed General Who Protects the Army, Prince of Wuling Ye, as General of the Guard, and Grand General Who Conquers the South Chen Xianda retained his existing title — both with offices opening at ceremonial parity with the Three Excellencies. Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing, Marquis of Xichang Luan, was appointed Director of the Masters of Writing; Right Vice Director Wang Yan became Left Vice Director; and Director of the Ministry of Personnel Xu Xiaosi became Right Vice Director. On guiwei, Grand Tutor Prince of Jingling Ziliang was promoted to Grand Preceptor and granted thirty additional ceremonial sword-bearers. The three levies and all overdue taxes owed before the thirtieth day of the seventh month of that year were remitted. Imperial workshops and unused pond-fields and manors under the Directorate of Metallurgy were abolished, and market tolls at the passes were reduced. Previously, whenever edicts remitted or pardoned debts, little actually changed — supervision and collection continued as before. At this time Marquis of Xichang Luan held real authority over court affairs; the realm looked to him for renewal — and when grace and trust both took effect, people throughout the empire rejoiced.
7
九月辛酉，追尊文惠皇太子為世宗文皇帝。
In the ninth month on xinyou, the late Crown Prince Wenhu was posthumously honored as Emperor Shizong Wen.
8
冬十月壬寅，尊皇太孫太妃為皇太后，立皇后何氏。
In the tenth month of winter on renyin, the Imperial Grandson-Heir's consort-mother was honored as Empress Dowager, and Empress He was installed.
9
十一月庚戌，魏人來聘。 辛亥，立臨汝公昭文為新安王、曲江公昭秀為臨海王，皇弟昭粲為永嘉王。
In the eleventh month on gengxu, envoys from Wei came on a diplomatic visit. On xinhai, Duke of Linru Zhaowen was installed as Prince of Xin'an, Duke of Qujiang Zhaoxiu as Prince of Linhai, and the emperor's younger brother Zhaocan as Prince of Yongjia.
10
二月辛卯，祀明堂。
In the second month on xinmao, sacrifices were offered at the Bright Hall.
11
閏月丁卯，以鎮軍大將軍西昌侯鸞即本號開府儀同三司。 五月甲戌朔，日有蝕之。
In the intercalary month on dingmao, Grand General Who Garrisons the Army, Marquis of Xichang Luan, retained his existing title with an office opening at ceremonial parity with the Three Excellencies. On the first day of the fifth month, jiaxu, there was a solar eclipse.
12
秋七月癸巳，皇太后令廢帝為郁林王。
In the seventh month of autumn on guisi, the Empress Dowager issued an order deposing the emperor as Prince of Yulin.
13
帝少美容止，好隸書，武帝特所鍾愛，敕皇孫手書不得妄出以貴之。 進退音吐，甚有令譽。 生而為竟陵文宣王所攝養，常在袁妃間。 竟陵王移住西州，帝亦隨住焉。 性甚辯慧，哀樂過人。 接對賓客，皆款曲周至。 矯情飾詐，陰懷鄙慝。 與左右無賴群小二十許人共衣食，同臥起。 妃何氏擇其中美貌者，皆與交歡。 密就富市人求錢，無敢不與。 及竟陵王移西邸，帝獨住西州，每夜輒開後堂合，與諸不逞小人，至諸營署中淫宴。 凡諸小人，並逆加爵位，皆疏官名號于黃紙，使各囊盛以帶之，許南面之日，即便施行。 又別作鑰鉤，兼善效人書，每私出還，輒扃鑰，封題如故，故人無知者。 師史仁祖、侍書胡天翼聞之，相與謀曰：「若言之二宮，則其事未易，若于營署為異人所毆打，及犬物所傷，豈直罪止一身，亦當盡室及禍。 年各已七十，餘生寧足吝邪。」 數日中，二人相系自殺，二宮不知也。 武帝以暨陽縣寒人給事中綦母珍之代仁祖，剡縣寒人馬澄代天翼。 文惠太子每禁其起居，節其用度。 帝謂豫章王妃庾氏曰：「阿婆，佛法言有福生帝王家，今見作天王，便是大罪，左右主帥，動見拘執，不如市邊屠酤富兒百倍。」
From youth the emperor had fine looks and bearing and loved clerical script; Emperor Wu especially doted on him and ordered that the imperial grandson's own handwriting must not be casually circulated, so as to preserve its value. In how he advanced and retreated, spoke and carried himself, he won wide praise. From birth he was raised by Prince of Jingling, Duke Wenxuan, and lived constantly in Lady Yuan's quarters. When Prince of Jingling moved to West Prefecture, the emperor moved there as well. By nature he was very clever and eloquent, and his joy and grief ran deeper than those of ordinary men. When receiving and answering guests, he treated each with warm, thorough courtesy. He feigned feeling and practiced deception while secretly harboring base malice. With some twenty-odd worthless petty men at his side he shared food and clothing, sleeping and rising together. Consort He selected the handsome among them and took them all to her bed. Secretly he went to wealthy townspeople to demand money, and none dared refuse. When Prince of Jingling moved to the Western Residence, the emperor alone remained in West Prefecture; each night he opened the rear hall doors and, with various unruly petty men, went to barracks and offices throughout the compound for licentious feasts. All such petty men in turn received ennoblement; their official titles and ranks were written on yellow paper, each kept in a pouch at the belt, with the promise that on the day he faced south as ruler they would take effect at once. He also made separate key-hooks and was skilled at imitating others' handwriting; whenever he went out privately and returned, he locked and sealed everything as before, so no one knew. Mentor Shi Renzu and Attendant Scribe Hu Tianyi heard of it and plotted together: "If we report it to the two palaces, the matter will not be easy to manage; if at a barracks or office we are beaten by strangers, or injured by dogs or other things, the crime will not stop with us — our whole households will be destroyed. Each of us is already seventy — what remains of life is hardly worth clinging to." Within several days the two men hanged themselves in succession; the two palaces knew nothing of it. Emperor Wu replaced Renzu with Qimu Zhenzhi of Jiyang County, a poor man serving as Attendant at the Palace, and Tianyi with Ma Cheng of Shan County, likewise a poor man. Crown Prince Wenhu constantly restricted his comings and goings and curtailed his expenses. The emperor told Consort of Yuzhang, Lady Yu, "Grandmother, the Buddhist teaching says the fortunate are born into an imperial house — yet I find that being made Son of Heaven is a great crime; the attendants and commanders at my side are constantly seized and restrained. Better a hundred times over to be a rich butcher or wine-seller at the market edge."
14
文惠太子自疾及薨，帝侍疾及居喪，哀容號毀，旁人見者，莫不嗚咽。 裁還私室，即歡笑酣飲，備食甘滋。 葬畢，立為皇太孫。 問訊太妃，截壁為合，于太妃房內往何氏間，每入輒彌時不出。 武帝往東宮，帝迎拜號慟，絕而復蘇，武帝自下輿抱持之，寵愛日隆。 又在西州令女巫楊氏禱祀，速求天位。 及文惠薨，謂由楊氏之力，倍加敬信，呼楊婆。 宋氏以來，人間有楊婆兒哥，蓋此征也。 武帝有疾，又令楊氏日夜禱祈，令宮車早晏駕。 時何妃在西州，武帝未崩數日，疾稍危，與何氏書，紙中央作一大「喜」字，而作三十六小「喜」字繞之。 侍武帝疾，憂容慘戚，言發淚下。 武帝每言及存亡，帝輒哽咽不自勝。 武帝以此謂為必能負荷大業，謂曰：「五年中一委宰相，汝勿厝意。 五年以後，勿復委人。 若自作無成，無所多恨。」 臨崩，執帝手曰：「阿奴，若憶翁，當好作。」 如此再而崩。 大斂始畢，乃悉呼武帝諸伎，備奏眾樂，諸伎雖畏威從事，莫不哽咽流涕。 素好狗馬，即位未逾旬，便毀武帝所起招婉殿，以材賜閹人徐龍駒，於其處為馬埒。 馳騎墜馬，面額並傷，稱疾不出者數日。 多聚名鷹快犬，以粱肉奉之。 及武帝梓宮下渚，帝於端門內奉辭，轀輬車未出端門，便稱疾還內。 裁入合，即于內奏胡伎，鞞鐸之聲，震響內外。 時司空王敬則問新除射聲校尉蕭坦之曰：「便如此，不當匆匆邪？」 坦之曰：「此政是內人哭響徹耳。」 自山陵之後，便於合內乘內人車問訊，往皇后所生母宋氏間，因微服遊走市里。 又多往文帝崇安陵隧中，與群小共作諸鄙褻擲塗賭跳、放鷹走狗雜狡獪。
From Crown Prince Wenhu's illness through his death, the emperor attended the sickbed and observed mourning; his grieving face and wailing seemed to destroy him — all who saw him nearby sobbed. Barely back in his private quarters, he at once laughed and drank deeply, with every delicacy laid out. When the burial was complete, he was installed as Imperial Grandson-Heir. When visiting the Grand Consort, he cut through a wall to make a door and, from within her chambers, passed into Lady He's quarters; each visit lasted a long time before he emerged. When Emperor Wu came to the Eastern Palace, the emperor came forward bowing and wailing until he fainted and revived; Emperor Wu descended from the carriage to hold him, and favor toward him daily increased. While in West Prefecture he also ordered the witch Lady Yang to pray and sacrifice, urgently seeking the throne. When Crown Prince Wenhu died, he attributed it to Lady Yang's power; he doubled his respect and trust and called her Mother Yang. Since the Song dynasty there had been a folk song about Mother Yang's boy — this was its fulfillment. When Emperor Wu fell ill, he again had Lady Yang pray day and night, wishing the imperial carriage would depart sooner rather than later. At that time Consort He was in West Prefecture; several days before Emperor Wu's death, as the illness grew critical, he wrote to Lady He — in the center of the paper one large character Joy, surrounded by thirty-six small characters Joy. While attending Emperor Wu's illness, his grieving face was wretched; he spoke and wept by turns. Whenever Emperor Wu spoke of life and death, the emperor choked with grief and could not bear it. "Emperor Wu therefore believed he would surely bear the great enterprise and told him, "For five years entrust everything to the chief minister — do not concern yourself. After five years, do not again entrust power to others. If you yourself achieve nothing, there will not be much to regret." At the point of death he grasped the emperor's hand and said, "Little one, if you remember old grandfather, you must do well." He said this twice, then died. When the great encoffining was just complete, he summoned all Emperor Wu's performers and had every kind of music played; though the performers feared authority and complied, all choked back tears. He had always loved dogs and horses; within ten days of ascending the throne he destroyed the Zhaowan Hall that Emperor Wu had built, giving the timber to the eunuch Xu Longju to make a horse course on the site. Galloping, he fell from his horse and injured face and forehead; he claimed illness and did not appear for several days. He gathered many famous hawks and swift dogs, feeding them millet and meat. When Emperor Wu's inner coffin descended to the ford, the emperor offered farewell within the Duan Gate; before the wheeled bier had left the gate, he claimed illness and returned inside. Barely inside the private chambers, he at once had barbarian performers play; the sound of drums and cymbals shook the palace inside and out. At that time Minister of Works Wang Jingze asked the newly appointed Commandant of Archers Xiao Tanzhi, "To behave like this — should it not wait a little?" Tanzhi said, "That is simply the sound of the inner quarters weeping, reaching our ears." After the mountain tomb, he rode inner-quarters carriages to pay visits, going to the empress's birth-mother Lady Song's quarters, and also went in plain dress wandering the market streets. He also often went to Emperor Wen's Chong'an Tomb tunnel, where with petty men he performed every vulgar obscenity — smearing, gambling, leaping, releasing hawks and running dogs, and assorted roguery.
15
帝既失道，朝事大小，皆決之西昌侯鸞，鸞有諫，多不見從。 極意賞賜左右，動至百數十萬。 每見錢曰：「我昔思汝一個不得，今日得用汝未？」 武帝聚錢上庫五億萬，齋庫亦出三億萬，金銀布帛不可稱計。 即位未期歲，所用已過半，皆賜與諸不逞群小。 取諸寶器以相擊剖破碎之，以為笑樂。 及至廢黜，府庫悉空。
The emperor having lost the Way, great and small court affairs were all decided by Marquis of Xichang Luan; when Luan remonstrated, his advice was often ignored. He bestowed rewards on attendants to the utmost — often reaching into the hundreds of thousands. Whenever he saw money he said, "I once longed for you and could not get a single coin — today, can I use you at last? Emperor Wu had amassed five hundred million in the upper treasury and three hundred million in the fasting treasury; gold, silver, silk and cloth beyond counting. Within less than a year of ascending the throne, more than half had been spent — all bestowed on various unruly petty men. He took various precious vessels and struck them against each other to smash them, taking it as laughter and pleasure. By the time of his deposition, the storehouses were entirely empty.
16
其在內，常裸袒，著紅紫錦繡新衣、錦帽、紅縠褌，雜采衵服。 好鬥雞，密買雞至數千價。 武帝御物甘草杖，宮人寸斷用之。 徐龍駒為後合舍人，日夜在六宮房內。 帝與文帝幸姬霍氏淫通，改姓徐氏，龍駒勸長留宮內，聲雲度霍氏為尼，以餘人代之。 皇后亦淫亂，齋合通夜洞開，內外淆雜，無復分別。 中書舍人綦母珍之、朱隆之，直合將軍曹道剛、周奉叔並為之羽翼。 西昌侯鸞屢諫不納； 既而尼媼外入，頗傳異語，乃疑鸞有異志。 中書令何胤以皇后從叔見親，使直殿省。 常隨後呼胤為三父。 與胤謀誅鸞，令胤受事，胤不敢當，依違杜諫，乃止。 又謀出鸞於西州，中敕用事，不復關諮。 鸞慮變，先使蕭諶、坦之等於省誅曹道剛、朱隆之等，率兵自尚書省入雲龍門，戎服加朱衣於上。 比入門，三失履，王晏、徐孝嗣、蕭坦之、陳顯達、王廣之、沈文季系進。 帝在壽昌殿，裸身與霍氏相對，聞外有變，使閉內殿諸房合，令閹人登興光樓望，還報云：「見一人戎服，從數百人，急裝，在西鐘樓下。」 須臾，蕭諶領兵先入宮，帝走向愛姬徐氏房，拔劍自刺不入，以帛纏頸，輿接出延德殿。 諶初入殿，宿衛將士皆執弓楯欲戰，諶曰：「所取自有人，卿等不須動。」 宿衛信之。 及帝出，各欲自奮，帝竟無一言。 出西弄，遇弑，年二十二。 舁屍出徐龍駒宅，殯葬以王禮。 霍氏及廣昌君宋並賜死，餘黨亦見誅。
Within the palace he constantly went bare-chested, wearing new red and purple brocade clothes, brocade caps, red gauze drawers, and multicolored undergarments. He loved cockfighting and secretly bought cocks worth thousands each. Emperor Wu's personal licorice staff — palace women cut it inch by inch for their use. Xu Longju served as rear-hall attendant and day and night remained in the six palaces' quarters. The emperor committed adultery with Emperor Wen's favored concubine Lady Huo, changing her surname to Xu; Longju urged keeping her long in the palace, claiming Huo had become a nun while substituting another person. The empress was also licentious; the fasting chambers' doors stood open all night; inside and outside were confused and no distinction remained. Palace Secretary Qimu Zhenzhi and Zhu Longzhi, Direct Attendant Generals Cao Daogang and Zhou Fengshu all served as his wings. Marquis of Xichang Luan repeatedly remonstrated, but his advice was not accepted; Then nuns and old women from outside entered and spread strange talk — he therefore suspected Luan of disloyal intent. Director of the Palace Secretariat He Yin, as the empress's maternal uncle, was treated as kin and made to attend the palace hall. He constantly followed behind calling Yin "Third Father." With Yin he plotted to execute Luan, ordering Yin to take charge of affairs; Yin dared not accept and evasively remonstrated — then the plan stopped. He again plotted to send Luan out to West Prefecture and handle affairs by inner edict without further consultation. Luan, fearing change, first sent Xiao Chen and Tanzhi and others to execute Cao Daogang, Zhu Longzhi and others at the secretariat, then led troops from the Masters of Writing office into the Cloud Dragon Gate, wearing armor with vermilion robes over it. Just entering the gate, thrice he lost his shoes; Wang Yan, Xu Xiaosi, Xiao Tanzhi, Chen Xianda, Wang Guangzhi and Shen Wenji followed in succession. The emperor was in Shouchang Hall, naked facing Lady Huo; hearing disturbance outside, he ordered the inner hall rooms closed and sent a eunuch to ascend Xingguang Tower to look; the report came, "I see one man in armor with several hundred men, urgently equipped, at the west bell tower." In a moment Xiao Chen led troops first into the palace; the emperor ran toward favored concubine Lady Xu's room, drew a sword and stabbed himself without penetrating, wrapped cloth around his neck, and was carried out in a litter to Yande Hall. When Chen first entered the hall, the night-guard soldiers all grasped bows and shields intending to fight; Chen said, "What is taken has its owner — you need not move. The night-guard believed him. When the emperor came out, each soldier wished to fight — the emperor ultimately said not a word. Exiting the western lane, he was assassinated, aged twenty-two. The corpse was carried out to Xu Longju's residence and buried with princely rites. Lady Huo and Guangchang Lord Song were both ordered to die; the remaining partisans were also executed.
17
先是文惠太子立樓館於鍾山下，號曰：「東田」，太子屢游幸之，「東田」反語為「顛童」也。 武帝又於青溪立宮，號曰：「舊宮」，反之「窮廄」也。 果以輕狷而至於窮。 又武帝時有小史姓皇名太子，武帝曰：「皇太子非名之謂」，於是移點于外，易名為犬子。 處士何點曰：「太子者，天地之所懸，三才之所系，今化而為犬，不得立矣。」 既而文惠太子薨，郁林、海陵相繼廢黜，此其驗也。 永明中，百姓忽著破後帽，始自建業，流於四遠，貴賤翕然服之，此服祅也。 帽自蕭諶之家，其流遂遠，天意若曰：武穆、文昭皆當滅，而諶亦誅死之效焉。
Previously Crown Prince Wenhu had built a tower pavilion at Zhong Mountain called Eastern Field; the crown prince often toured there — Eastern Field reversed reads as mad boy. Emperor Wu also built a palace at Qing Stream called Old Palace — reversed, it reads ruined stable. In the end, through frivolity, he came to ruin. Also in Emperor Wu's time there was a petty clerk surnamed Huang named Taizi; Emperor Wu said, "Imperial Grandson-Heir is not a name to be used" — the dot was moved outward and the name changed to Dog-son. Recluse He Dian said, "The crown prince is what Heaven and Earth suspend and the Three Powers tie to — now transformed into a dog, he cannot be installed." Then Crown Prince Wenhu died; Yulin and Hailing were deposed in succession — this was the verification. In Yongming, common people suddenly wore torn-back hats, starting from Jianye and spreading in every direction; noble and base alike suddenly wore them — this clothing was an omen. The hats originated from Xiao Chen's household; the fashion then spread far — Heaven's intent seemed to say that Wu and Mu and Wen and Zhao should all be destroyed, and Chen's execution was also foretold.
18
廢帝海陵恭王
Deposed Emperor Prince Gong of Hailing
19
廢帝海陵恭王諱昭文，字季尚，文惠太子第二子也。 永明四年，封臨汝公，郁林王即位，改封新安王。 及郁林廢，西昌侯鸞奉帝纂統。
The Deposed Emperor Prince Gong of Hailing, whose taboo name was Zhaowen and style name Jishang, was Crown Prince Wenhu's second son. In the fourth year of Yongming he was enfeoffed as Duke of Linru; when Prince of Yulin ascended the throne, he was re-enfeoffed as Prince of Xin'an. When Yulin was deposed, Marquis of Xichang Luan installed the emperor to succeed the imperial line.
20
八月壬辰，魏人來聘。 甲午，以前司空王敬則為太尉。 辛丑，復置南蠻校尉官。 甲辰，詔使者觀省風俗。
In the eighth month on renchen, envoys from Wei came on a diplomatic visit. On jiawu, former Minister of Works Wang Jingze was made Grand Commandant. On xinchou, the office of Commandant of Southern Barbarians was restored. On jiachen, an edict ordered envoys to observe and inspect local customs.
21
九月癸未，誅新除司徒鄱陽王鏘、中軍大將軍隨王子隆。 遣平西將軍王廣之誅南兗州刺史安陸王子敬。 於是江州刺史晉安王子懋起兵，遣中護軍王玄邈討誅之。 乙酉，又誅湘州刺史南平王銳、郢州刺史晉熙王銶、南豫州刺史宜都王鏗。 丁亥，以衛將軍廬陵王子卿為司徒，以撫軍將軍桂陽王鑠為中軍將軍、開府儀同三司。
In the ninth month on guiwei, the newly appointed Grand Tutor Prince of Poyang Qiang and Grand General of the Central Army Prince of Sui Zilong were executed. Pacifying-West General Wang Guangzhi was dispatched to execute Governor of South Yan Province Prince of Anlu Zijing. Thereupon Governor of Jiang Province Prince of Jin'an Zimao raised troops; Central Guard General Wang Xuanmiao was dispatched to suppress and execute him. On yiyou, Prince of Nanping Rui, Governor of Xiang Province, Prince of Jinyi Chao, Governor of Ying Province, and Prince of Yidu Keng, Governor of South Yu Province, were again executed. On dinghai, General of the Guard Prince of Luling Ziqing was made Grand Tutor; General Who Pacifies the Army Prince of Guiyang Shuo was made Grand General of the Central Army with an office opening at ceremonial parity with the Three Excellencies.
22
冬十月丁酉，加宣城公鸞黃鉞，進授都督中外諸軍事、太傅，領大將軍、揚州牧，加殊禮，進爵為王。 戊戌，誅新除中軍將軍桂陽王鑠、撫軍將軍衡陽王鈞、侍中秘書監江夏王鋒、鎮軍將軍建安王子真、左將軍巴陵王子倫。 是時宣城王鸞輔政，帝起居皆諮而後行。 思食蒸魚菜，太官令答無錄公命，竟不與。 辛亥，皇太后令廢帝為海陵王，使宣城王入纂皇統。 建武元年，詔海陵王依漢東海王強故事，給虎賁、旄頭、畫輪車，設鍾簴宮縣。 十一月，稱王有疾，數遣禦師往視，乃殞之。 給溫明秘器，斂以袞冕之服，大鴻臚監護喪事。 葬給轀輬車，九旒大輅，黃屋左纛，前後部羽葆、鼓吹，輓歌二部，依東海王強故事，諡曰恭。
In the tenth month of winter on dingyou, Duke of Xuancheng Luan was given the yellow axe, promoted to Commander-in-Chief of all military affairs within and without, Grand Preceptor, holding Grand General and Governor of Yang Province, with extraordinary honors, and elevated to prince. On wuxu, the newly appointed Grand General of the Central Army Prince of Guiyang Shuo, General Who Pacifies the Army Prince of Hengyang Jun, Attendant-in-Ordinary and Director of the Palace Library Prince of Jiangxia Feng, General Who Garrisons the Army Prince of Jian'an Zizhen, and General of the Left Prince of Baling Zilun were executed. At this time Prince of Xuancheng Luan assisted in government; the emperor's comings and goings were all consulted before he acted. Wishing to eat steamed fish and vegetables, the Director of the Imperial Kitchen replied that without the Duke's order there was no record — in the end none was given. On xinhai, the Empress Dowager issued an order deposing the emperor as Prince of Hailing and ordering Prince of Xuancheng to enter and succeed the imperial line. In the first year of Jianwu, an edict ordered Prince of Hailing to follow the Han precedent of Prince Qiang of Donghai — given tiger guards, plumed headgear, and painted-wheel carriage, with bell stands and palace music established. In the eleventh month, claiming the prince was ill, imperial physicians were repeatedly sent to examine him — then he was killed. Warm-bright secret vessels were granted; he was encoffined in robe and crown; the Grand Master of Ceremonies supervised the funeral. Burial was granted a wheeled bier, the great carriage with nine tassels, yellow canopy and left banner, front and rear feather-canopies and martial pipes and drums, and two sets of elegy-singers — following the precedent of Prince Qiang of Donghai; posthumous title Gong.
23
先是武帝立禪靈寺於都下，當世以為壯觀，天意若曰：「禪「者禪也，「靈」者神明之目也，武帝晏駕而鼎業傾移也。 永明世，市里小兒以鐵相擊於地，謂之「鬥鑿」，「鑿」之為言：「族」也，至是宗室族滅矣。 又武帝時以燕支為朱衣，朝士皆服之，及明帝以宗子入纂，此又奪朱之效也。 時又多以生紗為帽，半其裙而析之，號曰：「倚勸」。 先是人間語好云：「擾攘建武」，至是朝士勸進，實為匆遽，「倚勸」「擾攘」之言，於是驗矣。
Previously Emperor Wu had built Chanling Temple in the capital — contemporaries considered it magnificent; Heaven's intent seemed to say: Chan means abdication, ling means the eye of the spirits — Emperor Wu departed and the imperial enterprise shifted. In the Yongming era, market children struck iron on the ground calling it fighting chisel; chisel as word sounds like clan — at this the imperial clan was exterminated. Also in Emperor Wu's time cinnabar paste was used for vermilion robes and court gentlemen all wore them; when Emperor Ming entered as a clansman to succeed, this was again the omen of seizing vermilion. At that time many also used raw gauze for caps, halving the skirt and splitting it, called leaning exhortation. Previously among the people the favored saying was turmoil Jianwu — at this court gentlemen urged advancement in true haste; the words leaning exhortation and turmoil were here verified.
24
高宗明皇帝
Emperor Ming, the High Ancestor
25
海陵王立，為驃騎大將軍、錄尚書事、揚州刺史，加都督，增班劍為三十人，封宣城郡公，鎮東府城，給兵五千人，錢二百萬，布千匹。 九江事難，假黃鉞，事寧，表送之。 尋加黃鉞、都督中外諸軍事、太傅，領大將軍、揚州牧，增班劍為四十人，給幢絡三望車，前後部羽葆、鼓吹，劍履上殿，入朝不趨，贊拜不名，置左右長史、司馬、從事中郎、掾、屬各四人，封宣城王。 未拜，太后令廢海陵王，以上入纂高帝為第三子，群臣三請，乃受命。
When Prince of Hailing was installed, he was made Rapid Cavalry General, Recorder of the Masters of Writing, and Governor of Yang Province, with added command; ceremonial swords increased to thirty men; he was enfeoffed as Duke of Xuancheng Commandery, garrisoned Eastern Headquarters city, and given five thousand troops, two million cash, and a thousand bolts of cloth. When the Jiujiang affair grew difficult, the yellow axe was lent; when affairs settled, he memorialized to return it. Soon the yellow axe was added, with command of all military affairs within and without, Grand Preceptor, holding Grand General and Governor of Yang Province; ceremonial swords increased to forty men; he was given canopy-banners and a three-canopy carriage, front and rear feather-canopies and martial pipes and drums, sword at court and shoes in hall, no hurrying at audience, no naming at obeisance; left and right senior clerks, marshals, attendants, aides and subordinates four each; and he was enfeoffed as Prince of Xuancheng. Before accepting office, the Empress Dowager ordered Prince of Hailing deposed and the emperor to enter and succeed as Emperor Gao's third son; the officials thrice requested — then he accepted the mandate.
26
十一月壬申，日有蝕之。 帝宿沐浴，不禦內。 其日，潔齋蔬食，斷朝務，屏人，單衣帢危坐，以至事畢。 追尊始安貞王為景皇，妃江氏為懿後，別立寢廟，號陵曰修安。 封桂陽王鑠等諸王子皆為列侯。 凡諸王侯得罪者，諸子皆復屬籍。 又詔遣大使觀省四方。 癸酉，革永明之制，依晉、宋舊典，太子以師禮敬少傅。 甲戌，進大司馬尋陽公王敬則等十三人爵邑各有差。 省新林苑，先是百姓地者，悉以還主。 廢南蠻校尉官。 己卯，追崇妃劉氏為敬皇后，號陵曰興安。 庚辰，立皇子寶義為晉安王，寶玄為江夏王，寶源為廬陵王，寶寅為建安王，寶融為隨郡王，寶攸為南平王。 甲申，斷官長貢獻及私餉遺。 以安陸昭王緬第二子寶晊襲封安陸王。 丁亥，詔細作、中署、材官、車府，凡諸工可悉開番假，遞令休息。 戊子，立皇子寶卷為皇太子，賜天下為父後者爵一級。 己丑，詔東宮肇建，遠近或有慶禮，可悉斷之。 永明中，御史中丞沈深表：百官年登七十者，皆令致仕，並窮困私門。 庚子，詔「自縉紳年及，可一遵永明七年以前銓敘之科」。
In the eleventh month on renshen, there was a solar eclipse. The emperor lodged, bathed, and did not enter the inner quarters. That day he kept pure fast with vegetable food, suspended court affairs, dismissed attendants, and sat alone in single garment and kerchief until affairs were complete. Prince of Shi'an Zhen was posthumously honored as Emperor Jing; Consort Jiang as Empress Yi; a separate ancestral temple was established; the tomb was named Xiuan. The sons of Prince of Guiyang Shuo and other princes were all enfeoffed as ranked marquises. For all princes and marquises who had offended, their sons were all restored to the register. An edict also dispatched grand envoys to observe and inspect the four directions. On guiyou, Yongming's regulations were reformed to follow Jin and Song old statutes; the crown prince with master's rites honored the Junior Tutor. On jiaxu, Grand Marshal Duke of Xunyang Wang Jingze and twelve others were promoted in rank and fief with graded differences. Xinlin Park was abolished; where it had been common people's land, all was returned to the owners. The office of Commandant of Southern Barbarians was abolished. On jimao, Consort Liu was posthumously honored as Empress Jing; the tomb was named Xing'an. On gengchen, Prince Baoqi was installed as Prince of Jin'an, Baoquan as Prince of Jiangxia, Baoyuan as Prince of Luling, Baoyin as Prince of Jian'an, Baorong as Prince of Sui Commandery, and Baoyou as Prince of Nanping. On jiashen, official chiefs' tribute and private gifts were cut off. Prince Baoqi, second son of Prince of Anlu Mian, succeeded as Prince of Anlu. On dinghai, an edict ordered fine crafts, central workshops, materiel officers and carriage offices — all craftsmen could open rotating leave and rest in turn. On wuzi, Prince Baoquan was installed as crown prince; all who were fathers of heirs received one rank of nobility. On jichou, an edict: as the Eastern Palace was newly built, congratulatory gifts from near and far, if any, were all cut off. In Yongming, Censor-in-Chief Shen Shen memorialized: officials reaching seventy were all ordered to retire and confined to private poverty. On gengzi, an edict: "From gentry and officials reaching age, uniformly follow the selection standards before the seventh year of Yongming."
27
十二月庚戌，宣德太僕劉朗之、遊擊將軍劉璩之子，坐不贍給兄子，致使隨母他嫁，免官，禁錮終身，付之鄉論。
In the twelfth month on gengxu, Grand Master of Imperial Stud Liu Langzhi and son of Mobile Corps General Liu Qu — for not supporting a nephew, causing him to follow his mother in remarriage — were dismissed, forbidden from office for life, and handed to local judgment.
28
是歲，魏孝文皇帝遷都洛陽。
That year, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei moved the capital to Luoyang.
29
二年春正月辛未，降都下系囚殊死以下。 詔王公以下各舉所知，內外群僚各進忠言，無有所諱。 魏攻豫、司、徐、梁四州。 壬申，遣鎮南將軍王廣之督司州，右衛將軍蕭坦之督徐州，尚書右僕射沈文季督豫州，以拒魏。 己卯，詔都下二縣，有毀發墳壟，隨宜修理。 乙未，魏軍攻鍾離，徐州刺史蕭惠休破之。 丙申，加太尉陳顯達使持節、都督西北道諸軍事。 丁酉，內外纂嚴。 二月己未，司州刺史蕭誕與眾軍攻敗魏軍。 詔雍、豫、司、南兗、徐五州遭遇兵戎之家，悉停今年稅調。 丙寅，停青州麥租。 魏軍自壽春退。
In the second year, first month on xinwei, capital prisoners below extraordinary death were reduced in sentence. An edict: princes and officials down should each recommend those they knew; inner and outer officials should each advance loyal words without concealment. Wei attacked Yu, Si, Xu and Liang provinces. On renshen, General Who Garrisons the South Wang Guangzhi was dispatched to command Si Province; General of the Right Guard Xiao Tanzhi to command Xu Province; Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing Shen Wenji to command Yu Province — to resist Wei. On jimao, an edict: in the two capital counties, where graves were opened and violated, repair as appropriate. On yiwei, the Wei army attacked Zhongli; Governor of Xu Province Xiao Huiqiu defeated them. On bingshen, Grand Commandant Chen Xianda was given acting authority and command of northwest-route military affairs. On dingyou, inner and outer quarters were placed under strict guard. In the second month on jiwei, Governor of Si Province Xiao Yan with the mass of armies defeated the Wei army. An edict: in Yong, Yu, Si, South Yan and Xu provinces, households encountering military affairs — all that year's taxes and levies were stopped. On bingyin, Qing Province wheat rent was stopped. The Wei army withdrew from Shouyang.
30
三月甲申，解嚴。
In the third month on jiashen, strict guard was lifted.
31
夏四月己亥朔，親錄三百里內獄訟，自外委州郡訊察，三署徒隸，原遣有差。 魏軍圍漢中，梁州刺史蕭懿拒退之。
In the fourth month of summer on the first day, jihai, the emperor personally heard lawsuits within three hundred li; beyond that, investigation was entrusted to provinces and commanderies; convict laborers of the three offices were pardoned and released with graded differences. The Wei army besieged Hanzhong; Governor of Liang Province Xiao Yi resisted and repelled them.
32
五月甲午，寢廟成，詔監作長帥賜位一等。
In the fifth month on jiawu, when the sleeping temple was complete, an edict granted supervising craftsmen and commanders one rank higher.
33
六月壬戌，誅領軍蕭諶、西陽王子明、南海王子罕、邵陵王子貞。
In the sixth month on renxu, Commandant of the Guards Xiao Chen, Prince of Xiyang Ziming, Prince of Nanhai Zihan and Prince of Shaoling Zizhen were executed.
34
秋九月己丑，改封南平王寶攸為邵陵王，蜀郡王子文為西陽王，廣漢王子峻為衡陽王，臨海王昭秀為巴陵王，永嘉王昭粲為桂陽王。
In the ninth month of autumn on jichou, Prince of Nanping Baoyou was re-enfeoffed as Prince of Shaoling, Prince of Shu Commandery Ziwen as Prince of Xiyang, Prince of Guanghan Zijun as Prince of Hengyang, Prince of Linhai Zhaoxiu as Prince of Baling, and Prince of Yongjia Zhaocan as Prince of Guiyang.
35
冬十月癸卯，詔罷東田，毀興光樓，並詔水衡量省禦乘。 乙卯，納皇太子妃褚氏，大赦，王公以下班賜各有差，斷四方上禮。 十二月丁酉，詔晉帝諸陵，悉皆修理，並增守衛。 吳、晉陵失稔之鄉，蠲三調有差。
In the tenth month of winter on guimao, an edict abolished Eastern Field and destroyed Xingguang Tower; also an edict measured water levels and reduced imperial carriages. On yimao, the crown prince's consort of the Chu clan was received; general amnesty; princes and officials down received graded gifts; tribute from the four directions was cut off. In the twelfth month on dingyou, an edict: Jin emperors' tombs were all repaired and guards increased. In Wu and Jinling districts of failed harvest, the three levies were remitted with graded differences.
36
三年春正月丁卯，以陰平王楊炅子崇祖為沙州刺史，封陰平王。 己巳，詔申明守長六周之制，事竟不行。 乙酉，詔以去歲魏攻緣邊諸州郡，將士有臨陣及病死者，並送還本土。
In the third year, first month on dingmao, Prince Yang Jiong's son Chongzu was made Governor of Sha Province and enfeoffed as Prince of Yinping. On jisi, an edict clarified the six-cycle system for magistrates and chiefs — when affairs ended it was not implemented. On yiyou, an edict: for last year's Wei attack on border provinces and commanderies, soldiers who died in battle or of illness were all sent back to native places.
37
三月壬午，詔車府乘輿有金銀校飾者，皆剔除之。
In the third month on renwu, an edict: imperial carriages in the carriage office with gold and silver ornamental fittings were all stripped away.
38
夏四月，魏軍攻司州，櫟城戍主魏僧瑉擊破之。
In the fourth month of summer, the Wei army attacked Si Province; garrison commander of Licheng Wei Sengmin defeated them.
39
冬閏十二月戊寅，皇太子冠，賜王公以下帛各有差，為父後者賜爵一級，斷遠近上禮。
In the intercalary twelfth month of winter on wuyin, the crown prince was capped; princes and officials down received graded silk; fathers of heirs received one rank of nobility; distant congratulatory gifts were cut off.
40
四年春正月庚午，大赦。 壬寅，詔「人產子者，蠲其父母調役一年，又賜米十斛。 新婚者，蠲夫役一年」。 丙辰，誅尚書令王晏。
In the fourth year, first month on gengwu, general amnesty. On renyin, an edict: "Those bearing children — remit their parents' levies and corvée one year; also grant ten hu of rice. Those newly married — remit the husband's corvée one year." On bingchen, Director of the Masters of Writing Wang Yan was executed.
41
二月以尚書左僕射徐孝嗣為尚書令。
In the second month, Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing Xu Xiaosi was made Director of the Masters of Writing.
42
秋八月甲午，追尊景皇所生王氏為恭太后。 魏軍攻沔北。
In the eighth month of autumn on jiawu, Emperor Jing's birth-mother Lady Wang was posthumously honored as Empress Gong. The Wei army attacked north of the Mian River.
43
冬十月，又逼司、雍二州。 甲戌，遣太子中庶子蕭衍、右軍司馬張稷禦之。
In the tenth month of winter, they again pressed Si and Yong provinces. On jiaxu, Crown Prince's Regular Attendant Xiao Yan and Major of the Right Army Zhang Ji were dispatched to resist them.
44
十一月丙辰，以氐楊靈珍為北秦刺史，封仇池公、武都王。 十二月丁丑，遣度支尚書崔慧景率眾救雍州。
In the eleventh month on bingchen, the Di leader Yang Lingzhen was made Governor of North Qin and enfeoffed as Duke of Chou and Prince of Wudu. In the twelfth month on dingchou, Director of Revenue Cui Huijing was dispatched leading the mass of troops to rescue Yong Province.
45
二月癸丑，遣左衛將軍蕭惠休假節援壽陽。 辛未，豫州刺史裴叔業敗魏軍於淮北。
In the second month on guichou, General of the Left Guard Xiao Huijia was lent acting authority to aid Shouyang. On xinwei, Governor of Yu Province Pei Shuye defeated the Wei army north of the Huai River.
46
三月丙午，蠲雍州遇魏軍之縣租布。 戊申，詔增仲尼祭秩。
In the third month on bingwu, rent and cloth were remitted in Yong Province counties encountering the Wei army. On wushen, an edict increased Confucius's sacrificial rank.
47
上以疾患不瘳，望氣者雲宜改元，夏四月甲寅，大赦，改元，文武賜位二等。 己未，立武陵昭王子子坦為衡陽王。 丁丑，大司馬會稽太守王敬則舉兵反。
Because the emperor's illness did not heal, and diviners of qi said the era name should be changed — in the fourth month of summer on jiayin, general amnesty was proclaimed, the era name changed, and civil and military officials received two ranks higher. On jiwei, Prince of Wuling Zhao's son Zitan was installed as Prince of Hengyang. On dingchou, Grand Marshal and Governor of Kuaiji Wang Jingze raised troops in rebellion.
48
五月壬午，遣輔國將軍劉山陽率軍東討。 乙酉，斬敬則，傳首建鄴，曲赦浙東吳、晉陵等七郡。
In the fifth month on renwu, General Who Supports the State Liu Shanyang was dispatched leading an army east to suppress. On yiyou, Jingze was beheaded; his head was sent to Jianye; partial amnesty was granted in seven commanderies of eastern Zhe, Wu and Jinling.
49
秋七月己酉，帝崩於正福殿，年四十七。 遺詔：「徐孝嗣可重申八命，中書監、本官悉如故。 沈文季可尚書左僕射，常侍、護軍如故。 江祏可右僕射，江祀可侍中，劉暄可衛尉卿。 軍政大事委陳太尉。 內外眾事無大小委徐孝嗣、遙光、坦之、江祏； 其大事與沈文季、江祀、劉暄參懷。 心腹之任，可委劉悛、蕭惠休、崔慧景。」 群臣上諡曰明皇帝，廟號高宗，葬興安陵。 帝明審有吏才，持法無所借。 制禦親幸，臣下肅清。 驅使寒人，不得用四幅傘。 大存儉約，罷武帝所起新林苑，以地還百姓。 廢文惠太子所起東田，斥賣之。 永明中，輿輦舟乘，悉剔取金銀，還主衣庫，以牙角代之。 嘗用皁莢，訖，授餘濼與左右，曰：「此猶堪明日用。」 太官進禦食，有裹蒸，帝十字畫之，曰：「可四片破之，餘充晚食。」 而武帝掖庭中宮殿服御，一無所改。 其儉約如此。
In the seventh month of autumn on jiyou, the emperor died in Zhengfu Hall, aged forty-seven. Testamentary edict: "Xu Xiaosi may again receive eight commands; Director of the Palace Secretariat and his original office, all as before. Shen Wenji may be Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing; Regular Attendant and Protector of the Army as before. Jiang Shi may be Right Vice Director; Jiang Si Attendant-in-Ordinary; Liu Xuan Minister of the Guard. Military and political great affairs are entrusted to Grand Commandant Chen. Inner and outer public affairs great and small are entrusted to Xu Xiaosi, Yaoguang, Tanzhi and Jiang Shi; Great affairs are to be consulted with Shen Wenji, Jiang Si and Liu Xuan. Confidant responsibilities may be entrusted to Liu Jun, Xiao Huiqiu and Cui Huijing." The officials submitted posthumous title Emperor Ming, temple name High Ancestor; burial at Xing'an Tomb. The emperor was clear-sighted with administrative talent; in holding to the law he showed no favor. He regulated imperial favorites; officials below were kept in order. He employed poor men — four-canopy umbrellas could not be used. Greatly preserving frugality, he abolished the Xinlin Park that Emperor Wu had built and returned the land to the people. He abolished Eastern Field that Crown Prince Wenhu had built and sold it off. In Yongming, carriages, litters and boats — all gold and silver was stripped and returned to the robe treasury; ivory and horn substituted. Once using black pods, when finished he handed the remaining foam to attendants, saying, "This can still serve tomorrow." When the Grand Kitchen presented imperial food with wrapped steamed dumplings, the emperor marked them with ten crosses, saying, "Break into four pieces; the rest for evening meal." Yet Emperor Wu's rear palace palace halls and clothing and furnishings — not one was changed. His frugality was thus.
50
性猜忌，亟行誅戮。 通道術，用計數。 每出行幸，先占利害。 簡于出入，將南則詭言之西，將東則詭言之北，皆不以實，竟不南郊。 初有疾，無輟聽覽，群臣莫知。 及疾篤，敕台省府署文簿求白魚以為藥，外始知之。 身衣絳衣，服飾皆赤，以為厭勝。 巫覡云：「後湖水頭經過宮內，致帝有疾」。 帝乃自至太官行水溝，左右啟「太官無此水則不立」。 決意塞之，欲南引淮流，會崩，事寢。
By nature suspicious, he frequently executed. He practiced channel arts and used numerology. Whenever going out on tour, he first divined benefit and harm. He was sparing in going out; if going south he falsely said west, if going east falsely said north — none was true; ultimately he never went to the southern suburb. At first when ill, he did not cease hearing cases; officials did not know. When illness was critical, he ordered secretariat and office document records searched for white fish as medicine — only then did the outside world know. He wore deep-red robes; clothing and ornaments were all red, as counter-magic. Shamans said: "The rear lake water head passes through the palace, causing the emperor's illness." The emperor himself went to the Grand Kitchen's water channel; attendants reported "Without this water the Grand Kitchen cannot stand." He resolved to block it, wishing to divert the Huai River south — then he died and the affair ceased.
51
廢帝東昏侯
Deposed Emperor Marquess of Donghun
52
廢帝東昏侯諱寶卷，字智藏，明帝第二子也。 本名明賢，明帝輔政後改焉。 建武元年，立為皇太子。
The Deposed Emperor Marquess of Donghun, whose taboo name was Baoquan and style name Zhizang, was Emperor Ming's second son. Originally named Mingxian; after Emperor Ming assisted in government the name was changed. In the first year of Jianwu he was installed as crown prince.
53
永泰元年七月己酉，明帝崩，太子即皇帝位。
In the first year of Yongtai, seventh month on jiyou, Emperor Ming died; the crown prince ascended the throne.
54
八月庚申，鎮北將軍晉安王寶義進號征北大將軍、開府儀同三司。
In the eighth month on gengshen, General Who Garrisons the North Prince of Jin'an Baoqi was promoted to Grand General Who Conquers the North with an office opening at ceremonial parity with the Three Excellencies.
55
冬十月己未，詔刪省律科。 癸亥，詔蕭坦之、江祏更直殿省，總監宿衛。 辛未，詔劉暄、江祏更直延明殿省。
In the tenth month of winter on jiwei, an edict reduced and simplified legal statutes. On guihai, an edict ordered Xiao Tanzhi and Jiang Shi to alternate attendance at the palace hall, overall supervising night guard. On xinwei, an edict ordered Liu Xuan and Jiang Shi to alternate attendance at Yanming Hall.
56
十一月戊子，立皇后褚氏。 庚寅，尚書令徐孝嗣議：「王侯貴人昏，連巹以真銀盃，蓋出近俗； 又牢燭侈繢，亦虧曩制。 今除金銀連鎖，自餘新器，悉用埏陶，牢燭華侈，亦宜停之。」 奏可。 永元元年春正月戊寅朔，大赦，改元。 辛卯，祀南郊。 丁酉，改封隨王寶融為南康王，安陸王寶晊為湘東王，竟陵王昭胄為巴陵王。
In the eleventh month on wuzi, Empress Chu was installed. On gengyin, Director of the Masters of Writing Xu Xiaosi proposed: "When nobles and honored persons marry, linked cups with real silver goblets — this comes from recent custom; Also funeral candles with extravagant embroidery — this too violates former regulations. Now remove gold and silver linked chains; for remaining new vessels uniformly use earthenware; extravagant funeral candles should also be stopped." Memorial approved. In the first year of Yongyuan, first month on the first day, wuyin, general amnesty; era name changed. On xinmao, sacrifices were offered at the southern suburb. On dingyou, Prince of Sui Baorong was re-enfeoffed as Prince of Nankang, Prince of Anlu Baoqi as Prince of Xiangdong, and Prince of Jingling Zhaozhou as Prince of Baling.
57
二月，太尉陳顯達敗績于馬圈。 夏四月丙午朔，魏孝文皇帝崩。 己巳，立皇子誦為皇太子，大赦，賜為父後者爵一級。
In the second month, Grand Commandant Chen Xianda was defeated at Horse Enclosure. In the fourth month of summer on the first day, bingwu, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei died. On jisi, Prince Song was installed as crown prince; general amnesty; fathers of heirs received one rank of nobility.
58
五月癸亥，加撫軍大將軍始安王遙光開府儀同三司。
In the fifth month on guihai, General Who Pacifies the Army Prince of Shi'an Yaoguang was given an office opening at ceremonial parity with the Three Excellencies.
59
六月甲子，詔原雍州今年三調。
In the sixth month on jiazi, an edict remitted that year's three levies in Yong Province.
60
秋七月辛未，淮水變赤如血。 丙戌，殺尚書右僕射江祏、侍中江祀。 地震自此至來歲，晝夜不止，小屋多壞。 丁亥，都下大水，死者甚眾。 賜死者材器，並加振恤。
In the seventh month of autumn on xinwei, the Huai River turned red as blood. On bingxu, Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing Jiang Shi and Attendant-in-Ordinary Jiang Si were killed. Earthquakes from this time until the coming year continued day and night without cease; small houses mostly collapsed. On dinghai, the capital suffered great flood; the dead were very many. Coffins and materials were granted to the dead, with added relief.
61
八月乙巳，蠲遇水資財漂蕩者今年調稅。 又詔為馬圈戰亡將士舉哀。 丙辰，揚州刺史始安王遙光據東府反。 詔曲赦都下，中外戒嚴，遣領軍將軍蕭坦之致討。 戊午，斬遙光，傳首。 己巳，以尚書令徐孝嗣為司空，以領軍蕭坦之為尚書左僕射。 閏月丙子，以江陵公寶覽為始安王。
In the eighth month on yisi, that year's taxes and levies were remitted for those whose property was swept away by flood. An edict also ordered mourning for officers and soldiers killed at Horse Enclosure. On bingchen, Governor of Yang Province Prince of Shi'an Yaoguang occupied Eastern Headquarters in rebellion. An edict partially amnestied the capital; inner and outer quarters were placed under strict guard; Commandant of the Guards Xiao Tanzhi was dispatched to suppress. On wuwu, Yaoguang was beheaded; his head was sent. On jisi, Director of the Masters of Writing Xu Xiaosi was made Minister of Works; Commandant of the Guards Xiao Tanzhi was made Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing. In the intercalary month on bingzi, Duke of Jiangling BaoLan was installed as Prince of Shi'an.
62
九月甲辰，殺尚書左僕射蕭坦之，右衛將軍曹武。 戊午，殺領軍將軍劉暄。 壬戌，以頻殺大臣，大赦。
In the ninth month on jiachen, Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing Xiao Tanzhi and General of the Right Guard Cao Wu were killed. On wuwu, Commandant of the Guards Liu Xuan was killed. On renxu, because ministers were frequently killed, general amnesty was proclaimed.
63
冬十月乙未，誅尚書令新除司空徐孝嗣、右僕射新除鎮軍將軍沈文季。 庚子，以吳興太守蕭惠休為尚書右僕射。 辛丑，以侍中王亮為左僕射。
In the tenth month of winter on yiwei, the newly appointed Minister of Works Xu Xiaosi and newly appointed General Who Garrisons the Army Shen Wenji were executed. On gengzi, Governor of Wuxing Xiao Huiqiu was made Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing. On xinchou, Attendant-in-Ordinary Wang Liang was made Left Vice Director.
64
十一月丙辰，太尉、江州刺史陳顯達舉兵反于尋陽。 乙丑，加護軍將軍崔慧景平南將軍，督眾軍南討。
In the eleventh month on bingchen, Grand Commandant and Governor of Jiang Province Chen Xianda raised troops in rebellion at Xunyang. On yichou, General Who Protects the Army Cui Huijing was promoted to General Who Pacifies the South and commanded the mass of armies south to suppress.
65
十二月甲申，陳顯達至都，宮城嚴警。 乙酉，斬顯達，傳其首。 餘党盡平。
In the twelfth month on jiashen, Chen Xianda reached the capital; the palace city was strictly guarded. On yiyou, Xianda was beheaded; his head was sent. The remaining partisans were entirely pacified.
66
二年春正月庚午，詔討豫州刺史裴叔業。
In the second year, first month on gengwu, an edict ordered suppression of Governor of Yu Province Pei Shuye.
67
二月己丑，叔業病死，兄子植以壽春降魏。
In the second month on jichou, Shuye died of illness; nephew Zhi surrendered Shouyang to Wei.
68
三月乙卯，命平西將軍崔慧景攻壽春。 丙午，尚書右僕射蕭惠休卒。 丁未，崔慧景於廣陵反，舉兵內向。 壬子，命右衛將軍左興盛督都下水步眾軍禦之。 南徐州刺史江夏王寶玄以京城納慧景。 乙卯，遣中領軍王瑩率眾軍屯北籬門。 壬戌，慧景至，瑩等敗績。 甲子，慧景入建鄴，台城內閉門拒守。 豫州刺史蕭懿興兵入援。 己巳，以懿為尚書右僕射。
In the third month on yimao, Pacifying-West General Cui Huijing was ordered to attack Shouyang. On bingwu, Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing Xiao Huiqiu died. On dingwei, Cui Huijing rebelled at Guangling and raised troops inward. On renzi, General of the Right Guard Zuo Xingsheng was ordered to command capital water and land armies to resist. Governor of South Xu Province Prince of Jiangxia Baoquan admitted Huijing into the capital. On yimao, Central Commandant Wang Ying was ordered to lead the mass of armies and garrison North Hedge Gate. On renxu, Huijing arrived; Ying and others were defeated. On jiazi, Huijing entered Jianye; within the terrace city gates were closed in refusal. Governor of Yu Province Xiao Yi raised troops to enter in aid. On jisi, Yi was made Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing.
69
夏四月癸酉，慧景棄眾走，斬之。 詔曲赦都下及南徐、南兗二州。 乙亥，以新除尚書右僕射蕭懿為尚書令。 丙子，以中領軍王瑩為尚書右僕射。
In the fourth month of summer on guiyou, Huijing abandoned his troops and fled; he was beheaded. An edict partially amnestied the capital and South Xu and South Yan provinces. On yihai, the newly appointed Right Vice Director Xiao Yi was made Director of the Masters of Writing. On bingzi, Central Commandant Wang Ying was made Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing.
70
五月己酉，江夏王寶玄伏誅。 壬子，赦。 乙丑，曲赦都下及南徐、兗二州。
In the fifth month on jiyou, Prince of Jiangxia Baoquan was executed. On renzi, amnesty. On yichou, partial amnesty in the capital and South Xu and Yan provinces.
71
六月庚寅，車駕于樂游苑內會，如三元，都下放女人觀。
In the sixth month on gengyin, the imperial carriage held an assembly within Leyou Park like the three first-days; the capital released women to watch.
72
秋七月甲辰夜，宮內火，唯東合內明帝舊殿數區及太極以南得存，餘皆蕩盡。
In the seventh month of autumn on the night of jiachen, fire broke out within the palace; only several sections of Emperor Ming's old halls in the eastern wing and south of the Grand Ultimate survived — the rest were entirely destroyed.
73
冬十月己卯，殺尚書令蕭懿。
In the tenth month of winter on jimao, Director of the Masters of Writing Xiao Yi was killed.
74
十一月甲寅，西中郎長史蕭穎胄起兵於荊州。
In the eleventh month on jiayin, Western Palace Chief Clerk Xiao Yingzhou raised troops in Jing Province.
75
十二月，雍州刺史蕭衍起兵於襄陽。
In the twelfth month, Governor of Yong Province Xiao Yan raised troops in Xiangyang.
76
是歲，魏宣武皇帝景明元年。
That year was the first year of Jingming of Emperor Xuanwu of Wei.
77
三年春正月丙申朔，日有蝕之。 帝與宮人于閱武堂元會，皇后正位，閹人行儀，帝戎服臨視。 丁酉，以驃騎大將軍晉安王寶義為司徒，以新除撫軍將軍建安王寶寅為車騎將軍、開府儀同三司。 乙巳，長星見，竟天。 辛亥，祀南郊，大赦，詔百官陳讜言。
In the third year, first month on the first day, bingchen, there was a solar eclipse. The emperor with palace women held the New Year assembly at Review Troops Hall; the empress took the formal seat; eunuchs performed ritual; the emperor in martial dress observed. On dingyou, Rapid Cavalry General Prince of Jin'an Baoqi was made Grand Tutor; newly appointed General Who Pacifies the Army Prince of Jian'an Baoyin was made General of Chariots and Cavalry with an office opening at ceremonial parity with the Three Excellencies. On yisi, a long comet appeared spanning the sky. On xinhai, the southern suburb was sacrificed to; general amnesty; an edict ordered officials to present remonstrance.
78
二月丙寅，幹和殿西廂火。 壬午，詔遣羽林兵征雍州，中外纂嚴。 始內橫吹五部於殿內，晝夜奏之。 壬戌，蚩尤旗見。 三月乙巳，南康王寶融即皇帝位於江陵。 癸丑，遣平西將軍陳伯之西征。
In the second month on bingyin, fire broke out in the western wing of Ganhe Hall. On renwu, an edict dispatched Feathered Forest soldiers to campaign against Yong Province; inner and outer quarters placed under strict guard. First the five sections of horizontal pipes were placed within the hall; day and night they played. On renxu, the Chiyou banner appeared. In the third month on yisi, Prince of Nankang Baorong ascended the throne at Jiangling. On guichou, Pacifying-West General Chen Bozhi was dispatched on western campaign.
79
六月，蕭穎胄弟穎孚起兵廬陵。 戊子，赦江州安成、廬陵二郡。 秋七月癸巳，曲赦荊、雍二州。 雍州刺史張欣泰、前南譙太守王靈秀率石頭文武奉建安王寶寅向台，至杜姥宅，宮門閉，乃散走。 丙辰，龍鬥于建康淮，激水五里。
In the sixth month, younger brother of Xiao Yingzhou Yingfu raised troops in Luling. On wuzi, amnesty in Ancheng and Luling commanderies of Jiang Province. In the seventh month of autumn on guisi, partial amnesty in Jing and Yong provinces. Governor of Yong Province Zhang Xintai and former Governor of South Qiao Wang Lingxiu led Shitou civil and military officials to support Prince of Jian'an Baoyin toward the terrace — reaching Old Woman Du's residence, the palace gate closed, then they scattered and fled. On bingchen, dragons fought on the Jianye Huai River; water surged five li.
80
八月辛卯，以太子左率李居士總督西討諸軍事，屯新亭。
In the eighth month on xinmao, Left Leader of the Crown Prince Li Jushi was made overall commander of western suppression military affairs and garrisoned Xinting.
81
九月甲辰，蕭衍至南豫州，輔國將軍、監南豫州事申胄軍二萬人于姑孰奔歸。 丙辰，李居士與衍軍戰於新亭，見敗。
In the ninth month on jiachen, Xiao Yan reached South Yu Province; General Who Supports the State and Supervisor of South Yu Province Shen Zhou's army of twenty thousand at Gushu fled back. On bingchen, Li Jushi fought Yan's army at Xinting and was defeated.
82
冬十月甲戌，王珍國又戰敗於朱雀航。 戊寅，甯朔將軍徐元瑜以東府城降。 青、冀二州刺史桓和入衛，屯東宮，尋亦降衍，於是閉宮城門自守。
In the tenth month of winter on jiaxu, Wang Zhenguo was again defeated at Zhuque Floating Bridge. On wuyin, Pacifying-North General Xu Yuanyu surrendered Eastern Headquarters city. Governors of Qing and Ji provinces Huan He entered to guard and garrisoned the Eastern Palace; soon he also surrendered to Yan — thereupon the palace city gates closed in self-defense.
83
十二月丙寅，新除雍州刺史王珍國、侍中張稷率兵入殿殺帝，時年十九。
In the twelfth month on bingyin, newly appointed Governor of Yong Province Wang Zhenguo and Attendant-in-Ordinary Zhang Ji led troops into the hall and killed the emperor, aged nineteen.
84
帝在東宮，便好弄，不喜書學，明帝亦不以為非，但勖以家人之行，令太子求一日再入朝，發詔不許，使三日一朝。 在宮嘗夜捕鼠達旦，以為笑樂。 明帝臨崩，屬後事，以隆昌為戒，曰：「作事不可在人後。」 故委任群小，誅諸宰臣，無不如意。 性訥澀少言，不與朝士接。 欲速葬，惡靈在太極殿，徐孝嗣固爭，得踰月。 每當哭，輒云喉痛。 太中大夫羊闡入臨，無發，號慟俯仰，幘遂脫地，帝輟哭大笑，謂宦者王寶孫曰：「此謂禿鶖啼來乎。」 自江祏、始安王遙光等誅後，無所忌憚，日夜於後堂戲馬，鼓噪為樂。 合夕，便擊金鼓吹角，令左右數百人叫，雜以羌胡橫吹諸伎。 常以五更就臥，至晡乃起，王侯以下節朔朝見，晡後方前，或際暗遣出。 台閣案奏，月數十日乃報，或不知所在。 閹豎以紙包裹魚肉還家，並是五省黃案。 二年元會，食後方出，朝賀裁竟，便還殿西序寢，自巳至申，百僚陪位，皆僵僕菜色。 比起就會，匆遽而罷。
While in the Eastern Palace he had loved play and disliked book-learning; Emperor Ming also did not consider it wrong, but urged family conduct — ordering the crown prince to seek entering court twice daily; edicts were not permitted — three days once. Within the palace he once caught mice until dawn, taking it as laughter and pleasure. When Emperor Ming was near death he entrusted later affairs, taking Longchang as warning, saying, "In acting one must not be behind others." Therefore he entrusted petty men and executed various chief ministers — none not as he wished. By nature taciturn and slow of speech, he did not meet court gentlemen. Wishing quick burial, he hated the coffin in the Grand Ultimate Hall; Xu Xiaosi firmly contended — over a month was obtained. Whenever mourning, he would say his throat hurt. Grand Master of Palace Attendants Yang Kan entered to mourn; without hair, wailing and bowing, his cap fell to the ground — the emperor stopped weeping and laughed greatly, telling eunuch Wang Baosun, "This is the bald vulture crying, is it? After Jiang Shi, Prince of Shi'an Yaoguang and others were executed, he had no fear; day and night in the rear hall he played with horses, shouting and making music. At evening he would strike gold, blow horns and drums, ordering several hundred attendants to shout, mixed with Qiang and Hu horizontal pipes and various performers. He constantly went to bed at the fifth watch and rose at afternoon; princes and officials down attended on festival days — only after afternoon did they advance, or at dusk were sent out. Terrace pavilion memorials — several tens of days passed before reply, or their whereabouts were unknown. Eunuchs wrapped fish and meat in paper to take home — all were yellow documents of the five bureaus. At the second year's New Year assembly, he came out only after eating; when court congratulations barely ended, he returned to the western wing to sleep — from si to shen, officials standing in attendance all stiffened with ashen faces. Rising to attend the assembly, he hurried and dismissed.
85
太子所生母黃貴嬪早亡，令潘妃母養之。 拜潘氏為貴妃，乘臥輿，帝騎馬從後，著織成褲褶，金薄帽，執七寶縛矟。 又有金銀校具，錦繡諸帽數十種，各有名字。 戎服急裝縛褲，上著絳衫，以為常服，不變寒暑。 陵冒雨雪，不避坑阱。 馳騁渴乏，輒下馬解取腰邊蠡器，酌水飲之，復上馳去。 馬乘具用錦繡處，患為雨所濕，織雜采珠為覆蒙，備諸雕巧。 教黃門五六十人為騎客，又選營署無賴小人善走者為逐馬鷹犬，左右數百人，常以自隨，奔走往來，略不暇息。 置射雉場二百九十六處，翳中帷帳及步障，皆袷以綠紅錦，金銀鏤弩牙，毒瑁帖箭。 每出，輒與鷹犬隊主徐令孫、媒翳隊主俞靈韻齊馬而走，左右爭逐之。 又甚有筋力，牽弓至三斛五斗。 能擔幢，初學擔幢，每傾倒在幢杪者，必致踠傷。 其後，白虎幢七丈五尺，齒上擔之，折齒不倦。 擔幢諸校具服飾，皆自製之，綴以金華玉鏡眾寶。 舍人、主書及至左右主帥，並皆侍側，逞諸變態，曾無愧顏。 始欲騎馬，未習其事，俞靈韻為作木馬，人在其中，行動進退，隨意所適，其後遂為善騎。
The crown prince's birth-mother Lady Huang, Honored Consort, died early; Lady Pan was ordered to raise him. Lady Pan was honored as Honored Consort; riding a litter, the emperor on horseback followed behind, wearing woven trousers and jacket, gold-leaf cap, holding a seven-jewel bound spear. Also gold and silver ornamental fittings, brocade caps of several tens of kinds — each had a name. Martial dress with urgent equipment and bound trousers, upper garment deep-red shirt — as regular dress, unchanged summer or winter. He braved rain and snow, not avoiding pits and traps. Galloping until thirsty, he dismounted and took the gourd vessel at his waist, drank water, then remounted and galloped away. Where horse trappings used brocade, fearing rain would wet them, he wove multicolored beads as covering — every ornamental craft prepared. He trained fifty or sixty Yellow Gate men as riding guests; also selected worthless petty men from barracks and offices good at running as hawk-and-hound pursuers — several hundred attendants constantly followed, running back and forth, scarcely resting. Two hundred ninety-six pheasant-shooting grounds were established; within the blinds, tents and screens and walking barriers were all lined with green and red brocade; gold and silver carved crossbow teeth, poisoned tortoise-shell arrow tips. Whenever going out, he galloped together with hawk-and-hound team leader Xu Lingsun and blind-layer team leader Yu Lingyun; attendants competed to pursue. Also he had great physical strength — drawing a bow to three hu five dou. He could bear a ceremonial pole; when first learning to bear a pole, each fall at the pole-top necessarily caused wrist injury. Afterward the white-tiger pole seven zhang five chi — he bore it on his teeth, breaking teeth without tiring. Pole-bearing various ceremonial fittings and clothing — all self-made, adorned with gold flowers, jade mirrors and many treasures. Attendants, chief scribes down to attendants and commanders — all attended at the side; displaying various transformations, never ashamed. Wishing first to ride horses, not yet skilled — Yu Lingyun made a wooden horse; a man inside, moving forward and back as wished — afterward he became skilled at riding.
86
陳顯達平，漸出遊走，不欲令人見之，驅斥百姓，唯置空宅而已。 是時率一月二十餘出，既往無定處，尉司常慮得罪，東行驅西，南行驅北，應旦出，夜便驅逐，吏司奔驅，叫呼盈路。 打鼓蹋圍，鼓聲所聞，便應奔走，臨時驅迫，衣不暇披，乃至徒跣走出，犯禁者應手格殺。 百姓無復作業，終日路隅。 從萬春門由東宮以東至郊外，數十里，皆空家盡室。 巷陌縣幔為高障，置人防守，謂之「屏除」。 高障之內，設部伍羽儀，復有數部，皆奏鼓吹羌胡伎，鼓角橫吹。 夜反火光照天。 每三四更中，鼓聲四出，幡戟橫路，百姓喧走，士庶莫辨。 或於市肆左側過親幸家，環繞宛轉，周遍都下，老小震驚，啼號塞道。 處處禁斷，不知所過。 疾患困篤者，悉扛移之。 無人扛者，扶匐道側，吏司又加捶打，絕命者相系。 從騎及左右因之入富家取物，無不蕩盡。 工商莫不廢業，樵蘇由之路斷。 至於乳婦昏姻之家，移產寄室，或輿病棄屍，不得殯葬。 有棄病人于青溪邊者，吏懼為監司所問，推置水中，泥覆其面，須臾便死，遂失骸骨。 前魏興太守王敬賓新死未斂，家人被驅，不得留視，及家人還，鼠食兩眼都盡。 如此非一。 又嘗至沈公城，有一婦人當產不去，帝入其家，問：「何獨在？」 答曰：「臨產不得去。」 因剖腹看男女。 又長秋卿王儇病篤，不聽停家，死於路邊。 丹陽尹王志被驅急，狼狽步走，惟將二門生自隨，藏朱雀航南酒壚中，夜方得羽儀而歸。 喜遊獵，不避危險。 至蔣山定林寺，一沙門病不能去，藏於草間，為軍人所得，應時殺之。 左右韓暉光曰：「老道人可念。」 帝曰：「汝見獐鹿亦不射邪？」 仍百箭俱發。 故貴人富室者，皆數處立宅，以為避圍之舍。 每還宮，常至三更，百姓然後得反。 禁斷又不即通，處處屯咽，或泥塗灌注，或冰凍嚴結，老幼啼號，不可聞見。 時人以其所圍處號為「長圍」。 及建康城見圍，亦名長圍，識者以為讖焉。
After Chen Xianda was pacified, he gradually went out wandering, not wishing people to see; he drove off common people — only empty houses remained. At that time roughly twenty-plus outings per month; past and future had no fixed place; district officials constantly feared offense — going east they drove west, going south they drove north; if going out at dawn, at night they were already driven; clerks ran shouting, filling the roads. Beating drums and surrounding, wherever drum-sound was heard people had to run; temporarily driven, clothes had no time to be donned — even barefoot they ran out; violators were struck dead on the spot. Common people no longer worked; all day at the roadside. From Wanchun Gate through the Eastern Palace east to the suburbs — several tens of li — all houses empty, families gone. Lanes and streets hung curtains as high barriers; men were posted to guard — called screening removal. Within the high barriers, guard formations and feather insignia were set; also several sections, all playing martial pipes and Qiang-Hu performers, horns and horizontal pipes. At night conversely firelight illuminated the sky. Every three or four watches in the middle, drum-sounds issued in four directions; banners and halberds crossed the roads; common people shouted and ran; gentry and common could not distinguish. Or passing favored persons' houses at the market left, circling and turning, traversing the whole capital — old and young shocked, crying filling the roads. Everywhere blocked — none knew where he passed. Those ill and critically afflicted were all carried off. Those with none to carry them crawled at the roadside; clerks again beat them — the dead linked in succession. Following riders and attendants thereby entered rich families taking goods — none not entirely swept. Merchants and craftsmen all ceased work; firewood-gathering routes were cut. Even wet-nurses' wedding households moved property to rented rooms, or carried the sick and abandoned corpses — could not bury. There were sick abandoned at Qing Stream edge; clerks fearing supervisors' inquiry pushed them into water, mud covering the face — in a moment dead; thus bones were lost. Former Governor of Wei Prefecture Wang Jingbin had newly died unburied; family driven, could not remain to watch — when family returned, rats had eaten both eyes entirely. Such cases were not one. Also once going to Shen's Wall city, one woman about to give birth did not leave; the emperor entered her house, asking, "Why alone?" She answered, "About to give birth, cannot leave." Thereupon he cut open her belly to see male or female. Also Chief of Long Autumn Wang Xuan critically ill — not permitted to stop at home; died at the roadside. Governor of Danyang Wang Zhi was driven urgently, fleeing in disarray on foot — only two gate students followed, hiding in a wine shop south of Zhuque Floating Bridge; at night he obtained insignia and returned. He loved hunting, not avoiding danger. Reaching Dinglin Temple on Zhong Mountain, one monk ill could not leave, hiding in grass — seized by soldiers and killed on the spot. Attendant Han Huiguang said, "Old monk is pitiable." The emperor said, "You see deer also and do not shoot?" Thereupon a hundred arrows all released. Therefore honored persons and rich families all established dwellings in several places as escape enclosures. Whenever returning to the palace, constantly until the third watch — only then could common people return. Blockades also did not immediately open — everywhere congested; some mud poured, some frozen solid — old and young cried, unbearable to hear or see. People of the time called the places he surrounded Long Enclosure. When Jianye city was besieged, it was also named Long Enclosure — observers considered it an omen.
87
三年，殿內火，合夕便發，其時帝猶未還，宮內諸房合已閉，內人不得出，外人又不敢輒開，比及開，死者相枕。 領軍將軍王瑩率眾救火，太極殿得全。 內外叫喚，聲動天地。 帝三更中方還，先至東宮，慮有亂，不敢便入，參覘審無異，乃歸。 其後出遊，火又燒璿儀、曜靈等十餘殿及柏寢，北至華林，西至秘閣，三千餘間皆盡。 左右趙鬼能讀西京賦，云：「柏梁既災，建章是營」。 於是大起諸殿，芳樂、芳德、仙華、大興、含德、清曜、安壽等殿，又別為潘妃起神仙、永壽、玉壽三殿，皆匝飾以金璧。 其玉壽中作飛仙帳，四面繡綺，窗間盡畫神仙。 又作七賢，皆以美女侍側。 鑿金銀為書字，靈獸、神禽、風雲、華炬，為之玩飾。 椽桷之端，悉垂鈴佩。 江左舊物，有古玉律數枚，悉裁以鈿笛。 莊嚴寺有玉九子鈴，外國寺佛面有光相，禪靈寺塔諸寶珥，皆剝取以施潘妃殿飾。 性急暴，所作便欲速成，造殿未施梁桷，便於地畫之，唯須宏麗，不知精密。 酷不別畫，但取絢曜而已，故諸匠賴此得不用情。 又鑿金為蓮華以帖地，令潘妃行其上，曰：「此步步生蓮華也。」 塗壁皆以麝香，錦幔珠簾，窮極綺麗。 縶役工匠，自夜達曉，猶不副速，乃剔取諸寺佛刹殿藻井、仙人、騎獸以充足之。 武帝興光樓上施青漆，世人謂之「青樓」，帝曰：「武帝不巧，何不純用琉璃。」 潘氏服御，極選珍寶，主衣庫舊物，不復周用，貴市人間金銀寶物，價皆數倍，虎珀釧一隻，直百七十萬。 都下酒租，皆折輸金，以供雜用。 猶不能足，下揚、南徐二州橋桁塘埭丁計功為直，斂取見錢，供太樂主衣雜費。 由是所在塘瀆，悉皆隳廢。 又訂出雄雉頭、鶴氅、白鷺縗，百品千條，無復窮已。 親幸小人，因緣為奸，科一輸十。 又各就州縣求為人輸，准取見直，不為輸送。 守宰懼威，口不得道，須物之處，以復重求。 如此相仍，前後不息，百姓困盡，號泣道路。 少府太官，凡諸市買，事皆急速，催求相系。 吏司賓士，遇便虜奪，市廛離散，商旅靡依。
In the third year, fire within the hall — at evening it broke out; the emperor had not yet returned; inner palace rooms were already closed — inner people could not exit, outer people dared not open — by the time opened, the dead lay pillow to pillow. Commandant of the Guards Wang Ying led troops to fight fire; the Grand Ultimate Hall was entirely preserved. Inner and outer shouting shook heaven and earth. The emperor returned only at the third watch — first to the Eastern Palace, fearing disorder, dared not enter; observing and finding no anomaly, then returned. Afterward going out wandering, fire again burned Xuanyi, Yaoling and more than ten halls and cypress sleeping chambers — north to Hualin, west to the Secret Archive — more than three thousand rooms all destroyed. Attendant Zhao Gui could read Western Capital Rhapsody, saying, "After Bolang calamity, Jianzhang was built." Thereupon great halls were raised — Fangle, Fangde, Xianhua, Daxing, Hede, Qingyao, Anshou and others; also separately for Lady Pan, Immortal, Yongshou and Yushou three halls — all encircled and adorned with gold and jade. Within Yushou a flying-immortal canopy was made; four sides embroidered brocade; between windows all painted immortals. Also the Seven Worthies — all with beautiful women attending at the side. Gold and silver carved as written characters; spirit beasts, divine birds, wind clouds, flowering torches — as ornamental playthings. At rafter ends all hung bells and pendants. Eastern Capital old objects had several ancient jade pitch-pipes — all cut for inlaid flutes. Zhuangyan Temple had jade nine-son bells; foreign temple Buddha faces had halos; Chanling Temple tower many jewel earrings — all stripped to adorn Lady Pan's hall. By nature urgent and violent, what he made had to be quickly completed; before hall beams and rafters were placed, he drew on the ground — only seeking magnificence, not knowing precision. He could not distinguish painting — only took dazzling brilliance; therefore craftsmen relied on this not to exert effort. Also gold was carved as lotus flowers pasted on the ground; Lady Pan walked upon them, saying, "This is step by step lotus flowers born." Walls were coated with musk; brocade curtains and pearl blinds — ultimate brocade splendor. Conscripting craftsmen from night to dawn still did not meet speed — then stripped Buddhist temple hall ceiling wells, immortals and riding beasts to fill the need. Emperor Wu's Xingguang Tower was coated with green lacquer — people called it Green Tower; the emperor said, "Emperor Wu not clever — why not purely use glass?" Lady Pan's clothing and fittings — extremely selected treasures; robe treasury old objects no longer sufficed; expensively buying common people's gold and silver treasures — prices all several times; one amber bracelet worth one million seven hundred thousand. Capital wine tax — all converted to gold payment for miscellaneous use. Still not enough — lower Yang and South Xu two provinces' bridge beams and dam corvée labor calculated as value, collecting cash on the spot for Grand Music, robe treasury and miscellaneous expenses. Whereupon everywhere ponds and ditches were all destroyed. Also specified male pheasant heads, crane cloaks, white egret mourning — a hundred kinds, a thousand items, without end. Favored petty men by opportunity committed fraud — one item levied as ten. Also each at provinces and counties sought to be delivery agents — taking cash on the spot, not making delivery. Magistrates and chiefs fearing authority could not speak — where items were needed, again demanded doubly. Thus continuing without cease — common people exhausted, crying on the roads. Director of Palace Supplies and Grand Kitchen — all market purchases, affairs all urgent; demands linked in succession. Clerks and guest gentlemen, meeting opportunity plundered; markets scattered; merchants and travelers had no support.
88
又以閱武堂為芳樂苑，窮奇極麗。 當暑種樹，朝種夕死，死而復種，率無一生。 於是徵求人家，望樹便取，毀徹牆屋，以移置之。 大樹合抱，亦皆移掘，插葉系華，取玩俄頃。 劃取細草，來植階庭，烈日之日，至便焦燥。 紛紜往還，無復已極。 山石皆塗以采色，跨池水立紫閣諸樓，壁上畫男女私褻之像。 明帝時多聚金寶，至是金以為泥，不足周用，令富室賣金，不問多少，限以賤價，又不還直。 張欣泰嘗謂舍人裴長穆曰：「宮殿何事頓爾！ 夫以秦之富，起一阿房而滅，今不及秦一郡，而頓起數十阿房，其危殆矣。」 答曰：「非不悅子之道，顧言不用耳。」
Also Review Troops Hall was made Fragrant Music Park — ultimate strangeness and splendor. In summer heat trees were planted — planted in morning, dead by evening; dead then replanted — none survived. Thereupon demanding people's houses — seeing trees they took; destroying walls and houses to transplant. Large trees arms-spanning — also all moved and dug; tied leaves and attached flowers for momentary viewing. Cutting fine grass to plant on steps and courtyard — on blazing sun days, immediately scorched dry. Coming and going in confusion — without end. Mountain rocks all coated with colors; spanning pond water stood purple pavilions and various towers; walls painted men and women in private obscenity. Emperor Ming's time gathered much gold and treasure — now gold as mud still insufficient; ordering rich households to sell gold regardless of amount, limited to low price, also not repaying value. Zhang Xintai once told Attendant Pei Changmu, "Palace halls — why suddenly thus! With Qin's wealth, one Epang was raised and it perished — now not reaching one Qin commandery, yet suddenly raising several tens of Epang — the danger is near." He answered, "Not displeased with your way — but words are not used."
89
潘妃放恣，威行遠近。 父寶慶與諸小共逞奸毒，富人悉誣為罪，田宅貲財，莫不啟乞。 或云寄附隱藏，復加收沒，計一家見陷，禍及親鄰。 又慮後患，男口必殺。 明帝之崩，竟不一日蔬食，居處衣服，無改平常。 潘妃生女，百日而亡，制斬衰絰杖，衣悉粗布。 群小來吊，盤旋地坐，舉手受執蔬膳，積旬不聽音伎。 左右直長閹豎王寶孫諸人，共營肴羞，雲為天子解菜。
Lady Pan acted unrestrained; authority extended far and near. Father Baoqing with various petty men together exercised wicked poison; rich people all falsely accused of crime — fields, houses, property, none not petitioned and seized. Or saying entrusted hidden storage — again added confiscation; calculating one family's ruin, disaster reached kin and neighbors. Also fearing later trouble — male mouths must be killed. When Emperor Ming died, not one day of vegetable food; dwelling and clothing unchanged from ordinary. When Lady Pan bore a daughter, at a hundred days she died — regulations of severest mourning with staff; clothing all coarse cloth. Petty men came to mourn, circling sitting on the ground, raising hands receiving held vegetable meals — several ten days no music heard. Attendants Direct Chief eunuchs Wang Baosun and others together prepared delicacies, saying to relieve the Son of Heaven's abstinence.
90
又于苑中立店肆，模大市，日遊市中，雜所貨物，與宮人閹豎共為裨販。 以潘妃為市令，自為市吏錄事，將鬥者就潘妃罰之。 帝小有得失，潘則與杖，乃敕虎賁威儀不得進大荊子，合內不得進實中荻。 雖畏潘氏，而竊與諸姊妹淫通。 每游走，潘氏乘小輿，宮人皆露褌，著綠絲屩，帝自戎服騎馬從後。 又開渠立埭，躬自引船，埭上設店，坐而屠肉。 于時百姓歌云：「閱武堂，種楊柳，至尊屠肉，潘妃酤酒。」
Also within the park shops were established, modeled on the great market — daily wandering the market, mixed goods, with palace women and eunuchs together as petty traders. Lady Pan as market magistrate; himself as market clerk recorder; those about to fight were sent to Lady Pan for punishment. The emperor had small gains and losses — Lady Pan then beat him with a staff; he ordered tiger guards ceremonial guard not to advance large thorn staff; within the chambers not to advance solid-center reed. Though fearing Lady Pan, secretly he committed adultery with various sisters. Whenever wandering, Lady Pan rode a small litter; palace women all exposed drawers, wearing green silk shoes; the emperor in martial dress on horseback followed behind. Also opened channels and established dams; personally pulled boats; on the dam shops were set — sitting butchering meat. At that time common people sang, "Review Troops Hall, plant willows — Son of Heaven butchers meat, Lady Pan sells wine."
91
又偏信蔣侯神，迎來入宮，晝夜祈禱。 左右朱光尚詐云見神，動輒諮啟，並雲降福。 始安之平，遂加位相國，末又號為「靈帝」，車服羽儀，一依王者。 又曲信小祠，日有十數，師巫魔媼，迎送紛紜。 光尚輒托雲神意。 范雲謂光尚曰：「君是天子要人，當思百全計。」 光尚曰：「至尊不可諫正，當托鬼神以達意耳。」 後東入樂遊，人馬忽驚，以問光尚，光尚曰：「向見先帝大瞋，不許數出。」 帝大怒，拔刀與光向等尋覓，既不見處，乃縛菰為明帝形，北向斬之，縣首苑門。
Also he particularly believed in Lord Jiang spirit — welcomed into the palace, day and night praying. Attendant Zhu Guangshang falsely claimed seeing the spirit — whenever consulted and reported, all said blessings descended. After Shi'an was pacified, he added rank of Chancellor; finally also titled Spirit Emperor — carriage robes and feather insignia all followed kings. Also he particularly believed small shrines — daily several tens; shamans and witch old women, welcoming and sending off in confusion. Guangshang always claimed the spirit's intent. Fan Yun told Guangshang, "You are the Son of Heaven's essential man — should think of plans entirely safe." Guangshang said, "The Son of Heaven cannot be remonstrated straight — should entrust ghosts and spirits to convey intent." Later going east to Leyou, men and horses suddenly startled — asking Guangshang, Guangshang said, "Just now saw the late emperor greatly angry — does not permit frequent going out." The emperor greatly angry, drew knife with Guangxiang and others to search — finding no place, bound rush as Emperor Ming's form, facing north beheaded, head hung at park gate.
92
上自永元以後，魏每來伐，繼以內難，揚、南徐二州人丁，三人取兩，以此為率。 遠郡悉令上米准行，一人五十斛，輸米既畢，就役如故。 又先是諸郡役人，多依人士為附隸，謂之「屬名」。 又東境役苦，百姓多注籍詐病，遣外醫巫，在所檢占諸屬名，並取病身。 凡屬名多不合役，止避小小假，並是役蔭之家。 凡注病者，或已積年，皆攝充將役。 又追責病者租布，隨其年歲多少。 銜命之人，皆給貨賂，隨意縱舍。 又橫調徵求，皆出百姓。
From Yongyuan afterward, whenever Wei came to attack, followed by internal troubles — Yang and South Xu two provinces' human corvée, three men two taken — this as rate. Distant commanderies all ordered to deliver rice at standard — one man fifty hu; when rice delivery complete, corvée as before. Also previously various commanderies' corvée laborers mostly relied on gentlemen as attached registry — called attached names. Also eastern territories' corvée bitter — common people mostly registered falsely ill; sent outside medical shamans — wherever inspected all attached names, all took sick bodies. All attached names mostly did not fit corvée — only avoided small leaves; all were corvée-shield households. All who registered illness — some already accumulated years — all seized to fill soldier corvée. Also pursued collecting sick persons' rent and cloth according to years more or less. Those bearing orders — all given bribes; as wished released or retained. Also arbitrary adjustments and demands — all came from common people.
93
群小以陳顯達下數日便敗，崔慧景圍城正得十日，及蕭衍師至，亦謂為然。 裹糧食、樵芻，凡所須物，為百日備。 帝謂茹法珍曰：「須來至白門前，當一決。」 及至近郊，乃聚兵為固守計，召王侯分置尚書都坐及殿省。 尚書舊事，悉充紙鎧。 使冠軍將軍王珍國領三萬人據大桁，莫有鬥志，遣王寶孫督戰，呼為王倀子。 寶孫切罵諸將帥，直合將軍席豪發憤突陣死。 豪，驍將也，既斃，眾軍於是土崩。 軍人從朱雀觀上自投及赴淮水死者無數。 於是閉城自守，城內軍事委王珍國。 兗州刺史張稷入衛，以稷為副，實甲猶七萬人。
Petty men because Chen Xianda within several days was defeated, Cui Huijing besieging the city exactly ten days, and when Xiao Yan's army arrived also considered it so. Wrapped grain food, firewood and fodder — all needed items prepared for a hundred days. The emperor told Ru Fazhen, "Need only come to White Gate front — then one decisive battle." When reaching near suburbs, then gathered troops for firm-defense plan; summoned princes assigned to Masters of Writing conference seats and hall offices. Masters of Writing old affairs — all filled paper armor. Ordered Champion General Wang Zhenguo to lead thirty thousand men holding the Great Bridge — none had fighting will; dispatched Wang Baosun to supervise battle, calling him Wang Tutor. Baosun bitterly cursed various generals; Direct Attendant General Xi Hao in anger charged the formation and died. Hao was a fierce general; once killed, the mass of armies then collapsed. Soldiers from Zhuque Watch tower threw themselves and rushed to the Huai River — the dead countless. Thereupon closed the city in self-defense; within-city military affairs entrusted to Wang Zhenguo. Governor of Yan Province Zhang Ji entered to guard; Ji made deputy — solid armor still seventy thousand men.
94
帝著烏帽褲褶，備羽儀，登南掖門臨望。 又虛設鎧馬齋仗千人，皆張弓拔白，出東掖門，稱蔣王出蕩。 又受刀敕等教著五音兒衣，登城望戰。 還與禦刀左右及六宮于華光殿立軍壘，以金玉為鎧仗，親自臨陣，詐被創勢，以板扛將去，以此厭勝。 又于閱武堂設牙門軍頓，每夜嚴警。 帝於殿內騎馬，從鳳莊門入徽明門，馬被銀蓮葉具裝鎧，雜羽孔翠寄生，逐馬左右衛從，晝眠夜起如平常。 聞外鼓吹叫聲，被大紅袍，登景陽樓望，弩幾中之。 眾皆怠怨，不為致力，募兵出戰，至城門數十步，皆坐甲而歸。 慮城外有伏兵，乃燒城傍諸府署，六門之內皆盡。 城中閣道、西掖門內，相聚為市，販死牛馬肉。 蕭衍長圍既立，塹柵嚴固，然後出蕩，屢戰不捷。
The emperor wore black cap and trousers-jacket, complete feather insignia, ascended South Flank Gate to observe. Also falsely set armored horses and ceremonial weapons a thousand men — all drew bows and pulled white, exiting East Flank Gate, claiming Lord Jiang going out to drive. Also received knife-edict and others teaching wearing five-tone child clothes, ascending the wall to observe battle. Returning with Imperial Knife attendants and six palaces at Huaguang Hall established military ramparts — jade and gold as armor and weapons; personally facing the formation, falsely wounded posture — carried off on a board, thus counter-magic. Also at Review Troops Hall set gate-teeth military encampment — nightly strict alert. The emperor within the hall rode horses — from Phoenix Village Gate entering Huiming Gate; horses wore silver lotus-leaf complete armor, mixed feathers peacock parasitic; following horse left and right guards; day sleep night rise as ordinary. Hearing outside martial pipes shouting — put on great red robe, ascended Jingyang Tower to observe; crossbow nearly hit. The mass all slackened and resented, not exerting effort; recruiting soldiers to exit battle — reaching gate several tens of steps, all sat armor and returned. Fearing ambush outside the city, burned various offices beside the city — within the six gates all exhausted. Within the city covered ways and West Flank Gate inside gathered as market — selling dead ox and horse meat. Xiao Yan's Long Enclosure already established — moat palisade strict and solid — then he went out to drive; repeatedly battled without success.
95
帝尤惜金錢，不肯賞賜，茹法珍叩頭請之，帝曰：「賊來獨取我邪，何為就我求物？」 後堂儲數百具榜，啟為城防，帝曰：「擬作殿。」 竟不與。 城防巧手，而悉令作殿，晝夜不休。 又催禦府細作三百人精仗，須圍解以擬屏除。 金銀雕鏤雜物，倍急於常。 法珍、蟲兒又說帝曰：「大臣不留意，使圍不解，宜悉誅之。」 珍國、張稷懼禍，乃謀應蕭衍，以計告後合舍人錢強。 強許之，密令遊蕩主崔叔智夜開雲龍門，稷及珍國勒兵入殿，分軍又從西上合入後宮，禦刀豐勇之為內應。 是夜，帝在含德殿。 吹笙歌作女兒子，臥未熟，聞兵入，趨出北戶，欲還後宮。 清曜合已閉，閹人禁防黃泰平刀傷其膝，僕地，顧曰：「奴反邪！」 直後張齊斬首，送蕭衍。 宣德太后令依漢海昏侯故事，追封東昏侯。
The emperor especially treasured money, unwilling to bestow rewards; Ru Fazhen kowtowed requesting — the emperor said, "Rebels come only to take me — why come to me seeking things?" Rear hall stored several hundred sets of boards — memorialized for city defense — the emperor said, "Intend to make halls." In the end not given. City-defense skilled craftsmen — all ordered to make halls; day and night without rest. Also urgently demanded Imperial Workshop fine craftsmen three hundred men refined weapons — needing siege lifted to intend screening removal. Gold and silver carved miscellaneous objects — doubly urgent as usual. Fazhen and Chong'er again told the emperor, "Great ministers not attentive — causing siege not lifted — should all be executed." Zhenguo and Zhang Ji fearing disaster — then plotted to respond to Xiao Yan, telling the plan to rear-hall attendant Qian Qiang. Qiang promised; secretly ordered wandering-drive chief Cui Shuzhi at night to open Cloud Dragon Gate; Ji and Zhenguo led troops entering the hall; divided armies also from west upper chambers entering rear palace — Imperial Knife Feng Yongzhi as inner collaborator. That night the emperor was in Hede Hall. Blowing reed pipe singing girl-children songs, lying not yet asleep — hearing troops enter, rushed out north door, wishing to return rear palace. Qingyao chambers already closed; eunuch guard Huang Taiping blade wounded his knee — falling, looking back said, "Slave rebels?" Direct Attendant Zhang Qi beheaded, sent to Xiao Yan. Empress Dowager Xuande ordered following Han Marquess of Haihun precedent — posthumously enfeoffed Marquess of Donghun.
96
和帝諱寶融，字智昭，明帝第八子也。 建武元年，封隨郡王。 永元元年，改封南康王，出為西中郎將、荊州刺史，督七州軍事。
Emperor He, whose taboo name was Baorong and style name Zhizhao, was Emperor Ming's eighth son. In the first year of Jianwu, enfeoffed as Prince of Sui Commandery. In the first year of Yongyuan, re-enfeoffed as Prince of Nankang; sent out as Western Palace General, Governor of Jing Province, commanding seven provinces' military affairs.
97
二年十一月甲寅，長史蕭穎胄奉王舉兵。 其日太白及辰星俱見西方。 乙卯，教纂嚴。 丙辰，以雍州刺史蕭衍為使持節、都督前鋒諸軍事。 戊午，衍表勸進。
In the second year, eleventh month on jiayin, Chief Clerk Xiao Yingzhou installed the prince raising troops. That day Venus and Mercury both appeared in the west. On yimao, ordered strict guard. On bingchen, Governor of Yong Province Xiao Yan was made acting authority, Commander of Vanguard Military Affairs. On wuwu, Yan memorialized urging advancement.
98
十二月乙亥，群僚勸進，並不許。 壬辰，驍騎將軍夏侯亶自建鄴至江陵，稱宣德太后令：「西中郎將南康王宜纂承皇祚，光臨億兆，可且封宣城王、相國、荊州牧，加黃鉞，置僚屬。」 三年正月乙巳，王受命，大赦； 唯梅蟲兒、茹法珍等不在例。 是日，長星見，竟天。 甲寅，建牙于城南。 二月己巳，群僚上尊號，立宗廟及南北郊。
In the twelfth month on yihai, officials urged advancement — all not permitted. On renchen, Rapid Cavalry General Xiahou Dan from Jianye reached Jiangling, stating Empress Dowager Xuande's order: "Western Palace General Prince of Nankang should succeed the imperial line, preside over the hundred million — may for now be enfeoffed Prince of Xuancheng, Chancellor, Governor of Jing Province, given yellow axe, staff appointed." In the third year, first month on yisi, the prince received mandate; general amnesty; Only Mei Chong'er, Ru Fazhen and others not within the scope. That day a long comet appeared spanning the sky. On jiayin, military teeth established south of the city. In the second month on jisi, officials submitted exalted title; ancestral temple and southern and northern suburbs established.
99
九月己未，詔假黃鉞蕭衍，若定京邑，得以便宜從事。 冬十一月壬寅，尚書令、鎮軍將軍蕭穎胄卒。
In the ninth month on jiwei, an edict lent yellow axe to Xiao Yan — if Jing city settled, might act as expedient. In the eleventh month of winter on renyin, Director of the Masters of Writing and General Who Garrisons the Army Xiao Yingzhou died.
100
十二月丙寅，建康城平。 己巳，宣德皇太后令，以征東大將軍蕭衍為大司馬、錄尚書、驃騎大將軍、揚州刺史，封建安郡公，依晉武陵王遵承制故事。 壬申，改封建安王寶寅為鄱陽王。 癸酉，以司徒、揚州刺史晉安王寶義為太尉，領司徒。 乙酉，以尚書右僕射王瑩為左僕射。
In the twelfth month on bingyin, Jianye city pacified. On jisi, Empress Dowager Xuande ordered Grand General Who Conquers the East Xiao Yan as Grand Marshal, Recorder of the Masters of Writing, Rapid Cavalry General, Governor of Yang Province, enfeoffed Duke of Jian'an Commandery — following Jin Prince of Wuling Zun's assumption-of-power precedent. On renshen, re-enfeoffed Prince of Jian'an Baoyin as Prince of Poyang. On guiyou, Grand Tutor and Governor of Yang Province Prince of Jin'an Baoqi made Grand Commandant, holding Grand Tutor. On yiyou, Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing Wang Ying made Left Vice Director.
101
二年春正月戊戌，宣德皇太后臨朝，入居內殿。 壬寅，大司馬蕭衍都督中外諸軍事，加殊禮。 己酉，以大司馬長史王亮為守尚書令。 甲寅，加大司馬蕭衍位相國，梁公，備九錫禮。
In the second year, first month on wuxu, Empress Dowager Xuande held court, entering inner halls. On renyin, Grand Marshal Xiao Yan commanded all military affairs within and without, with extraordinary honors added. On jiyou, Grand Marshal Senior Clerk Wang Liang made Acting Director of the Masters of Writing. On jiayin, Grand Marshal Xiao Yan promoted to rank Chancellor, Duke of Liang, complete Nine Bestowals ritual.
102
二月壬戌，誅湘東王寶晊。 丙戌，進梁公蕭衍爵為王。
In the second month on renxu, Prince of Xiangdong Baoqi executed. On bingxu, Duke of Liang Xiao Yan promoted to rank King.
103
四月辛酉，禪詔至，皇太后遜居外宮。 梁受命，奉帝為巴陵王，宮于姑孰。 戊辰，巴陵王殂，年十五。 追尊為齊和帝，葬恭安陵。
In the fourth month on xinyou, abdication edict arrived — Empress Dowager yielded dwelling outer palace. Liang received mandate; installed the emperor as Prince of Baling, housed at Gushu. On wuchen, Prince of Baling died, aged fifteen. Posthumously honored as Emperor He of Qi; burial at Gong'an Tomb.
104
初，梁武帝欲以南海郡為巴陵國邑而遷帝焉，以問範雲，雲俛首未對。 沈約曰：「今古殊事，魏武所雲，'不可慕虛名而受實禍'。」 梁武頷之。 於是遣鄭伯禽進以生金，帝曰：「我死不須金，醇酒足矣。」 乃引飲一升，伯禽就加折焉。 先是，文惠太子與才人共賦七言詩，句後輒云：「愁和帝」，至是其言方驗。 又永明中，望氣者雲新林、婁湖、青溪並有天子氣，于其處大起樓苑宮觀，武帝屢游幸以應之； 又起舊宮於青溪，以弭其氣。 而明帝舊居東府城西，延興末，明帝龍飛，至是梁武帝眾軍城于新林，而武帝舊宅亦在征虜。
Initially Liang Emperor Wu wished to make Nanhai Commandery the Baling princedom territory and move the emperor there — asked Fan Yun; Yun bowed head without answering. Shen Yue said, "Present and ancient different affairs — Wei Wu what he said, cannot admire empty name and receive real calamity." Liang Emperor Wu nodded. Thereupon dispatched Zheng Boqin advancing with living gold — the emperor said, "My death needs no gold — pure wine suffices." Thereupon he drew and drank one sheng; Boqin then added poison. Previously Crown Prince Wenhu with a talented lady together composed seven-character poems — after each line saying sorrow and Emperor He — at this the words were verified. Also in Yongming, diviners of qi said Xinlin, Lou Lake and Qing Stream all had Son of Heaven qi — at those places great tower gardens and palace halls were raised; Emperor Wu repeatedly toured to respond; Also raised Old Palace at Qing Stream to suppress its qi. Yet Emperor Ming's old dwelling was east of Eastern Headquarters city; at Yanxing's end Emperor Ming dragon-rose — at this Liang Emperor Wu's mass of armies encircled at Xinlin, and Emperor Wu's old residence also at Conquering Barbarians.
105
百姓皆著下屋白紗帽，而反裙覆頂。 東昏曰：「裙應在下，今更在上，不祥。」 命斷之。 於是百姓皆反裙向下，此服祅也。 帽者首之所寄，今而向下，天意若曰，元首方為猥賤乎。 東昏又令左右作逐鹿帽，形甚窄狹，後果有逐鹿之事。 東昏宮裏又作散叛發，反髻根向後，百姓爭學之，及東昏狂惑，天下散叛矣。 東昏又與群小別立帽，騫其口而舒兩翅，名曰：「鳳度三橋「。 裙向後，總而結之，名曰：「反縛黃麗」。 東昏與刀敕之徒親自著之，皆用金寶，鑿以璧璫。 又作著調帽，鏤以金玉，間以孔翠，此皆天意。 梁武帝舊宅在三橋，而「鳳度」之名，鳳翔之驗也。 「黃麗」者「皇離」，為日而反縛之，東昏戮死之應也。 「調」者，梁武帝至都，而風俗和調。 先是百姓及朝士，皆以方帛填胸，名曰：「假兩」，此又服祅。 假非正名也，儲兩而假之，明不得真也。 東昏誅，其子廢為庶人，假兩之意也。 論曰：郁林地居長嫡，瑕釁未彰，而武皇之心，不變周道，故得保茲守器，正位尊極。 既而愆鄙內作，兆自宮闈，雖為害未遠，而足傾社稷。 郭璞稱永昌之名，有二日之象，隆昌之號，實亦同焉。 明帝越自支庶，任當負荷，乘機而作，大致殲夷，流涕行誅，非雲義舉，事苟非安，能無內愧。 既而自樹本枝，根胤孤弱，貽厥所授，屬在凶愚，用覆宗祊，亦其理也。 夫名以行義，往賢垂範，備而之禪，術士誡之，東昏以「卷」名，「藏」以終之，其兆先征，蓋亦天所命矣。
Common people all wore lower-garment white gauze caps, and reversed skirt covering the crown. Marquess of Donghun said, "Skirt should be below — now again above — inauspicious." Ordered cut off. Thereupon common people all reversed skirts downward — this clothing was an omen. Cap is where the head rests — now downward — Heaven's intent seems to say, the sovereign about to become base and vile. Marquess of Donghun also ordered attendants to make deer-chase caps — shape very narrow — afterward indeed there was deer-chase affair. Within Marquess of Donghun's palace also made scattered-rebel hair — reversed bun roots backward — common people competed to learn; when Marquess of Donghun went mad, all under Heaven scattered and rebelled. Marquess of Donghun with petty men separately made caps — opening the mouth and spreading two wings, called Phoenix Crossing Three Bridges. Skirt backward, gathered and knotted, called Reverse-Bound Yellow Li. Marquess of Donghun with knife-edict fellows personally wore them — all used gold and treasure, carved with jade and ear ornaments. Also made tuning caps — carved with gold and jade, mixed with peacock — all Heaven's intent. Liang Emperor Wu's old residence at Three Bridges — and Phoenix Crossing name — phoenix flying verification. Yellow Li is emperor departed — as sun yet reverse-bound — Marquess of Donghun slaughter-death response. Tuning — Liang Emperor Wu reaching the capital, and customs harmoniously tuned. Previously common people and court gentlemen all used square silk filling the chest — called false two — this again clothing omen. False is not correct name — storing two yet false — bright not obtaining true. Marquess of Donghun executed, his son deposed commoner — false-two intent. Commentary says: Yulin occupied eldest legitimate position; faults not yet manifest — yet Emperor Wu's heart unchanged from Zhou Way — therefore could preserve the vessel, correct position utmost honor. Then vulgar faults arose within; omen from inner quarters — though harm not yet far, enough to overturn state and altars. Guo Pu said Yongchang's name has two-sun image; Longchang's title also same. Emperor Ming overstepped from branch line, responsibility ought to bear load — seizing opportunity to act, broadly exterminated; flowing tears executing — not called righteous rising; affairs if not secure, how without inner shame. Then himself planted root branches; descendants solitary weak — what was entrusted to posterity rested on fierce folly — thus overturning ancestral temple — also its principle. Names take meaning from conduct; former sages leave model; complete yet abdicate — technicians warned; Marquess of Donghun with quan name, zang to end — its omen fore-sign — also Heaven's mandate.