1
谢晦，字宣明，陈郡阳夏人，晋太常裒之玄孙也。 裒子奕、据、安、万、铁，并著名前史。 据子朗，字长度，位东阳太守。 朗子重，字景重，位会稽王道子骠骑长史。 重生绚、瞻、晦、㬭爵、遯。 绚位至宋武帝镇军长史，早卒。
Xie Hui, courtesy name Xuanming, came from Yangxia in Chen Commandery and was the great-great-grandson of Xie Pou, Grand Master of Ceremonies under Jin. Pou's sons Yi, Ju, An, Wan, and Tie all won renown in earlier histories. Ju's son Lang, courtesy name Changdu, served as Administrator of Dongyang. Lang's son Chong, courtesy name Jingchong, served as Chief Clerk to the Cavalry General of Prince Daozi of Kuaiji. Chong fathered Xuan, Zhan, Hui, Shan Jue, and Dun. Xuan advanced to Chief Clerk of the Army under Emperor Wu's General Who Guards the Army, then died young.
2
晦初为孟昶建威府中兵参军。 昶死，帝问刘穆之，"昶府谁堪入府？ "穆之举晦，即命为太尉参军。 武帝當訊獄，其旦，刑獄參軍有疾，以晦代之。 晦車中一覽訊牒，隨問，酬對無失。 帝奇之，即日署刑獄賊曹。 累遷太尉主簿。 從征司馬休之，時徐逵之戰死，帝將自登岸，諸將諫不從。 晦抱持帝，帝曰：「我斬卿。」 晦曰：「天下可無晦，不可無公，晦死何有。」 會胡藩登岸，賊退，乃止。
Hui began as Army Registrar on the staff of Meng Chang's Establishment of Might. After Chang died, the Emperor asked Liu Muzhi, "Who from Chang's office is fit to join the imperial staff?" Muzhi named Hui, who was at once made Staff Officer to the Grand Marshal. One morning when the Emperor was to hear criminal cases, the prison-affairs staff officer fell ill and Hui took his place. In the carriage he skimmed the case file once; questioned point by point, he answered without a slip. The Emperor was astonished and that very day posted him to the Bureau of Prison Affairs and Bandit Suppression. He rose step by step to Chief Clerk to the Grand Marshal. Following the campaign against Sima Xiuzhi, Xu Daizhi died in battle; the Emperor became about to go ashore himself, and the generals remonstrated but he would not listen. Hui seized and held the Emperor fast; the Emperor cried, "I'll have your head. Hui replied, "The realm can spare Hui; it cannot spare Your Majesty. What is one man's death to that?" At that moment Hu Fan gained the shore, the enemy fell back, and the Emperor relented.
3
晦美風姿，善言笑，眉目分明，鬢髮如墨。 涉獵文義，博贍多通，時人以方楊德祖，微將不及。 晦聞猶以為恨。 帝深加愛賞，從征關、洛，內外要任悉委之。 帝于彭城大會，命紙筆賦詩，晦恐帝有失，起諫帝，即代作曰：「先蕩臨淄穢，卻清河洛塵，華陽有逸驥，桃林無伏輪。」 於是群臣並作。 時謝混風華為江左第一，嘗與晦俱在武帝前，帝目之曰：「一時頓有兩玉人耳。」
Hui carried himself beautifully, spoke and laughed with grace, and had clear brows and eyes with temples and hair black as ink. He steeped himself in letters, was broadly learned and fluent in many subjects, and men of the day ranked him with Yang Xiu—though just shy of that mark. Hui heard this and still smarted at the slight. The emperor deeply favored and prized him; on the Guan and Luo campaigns, inside and outside, every key post was entrusted to him. At a great gathering in Pengcheng the Emperor called for brush and paper to compose verse; fearing a misstep, Hui rose to counsel him and on the spot wrote in his place: "First sweep Linzi's filth, then clear the Yellow and Luo of dust; Huayang holds a fleet courser, Taolin hides no wheel in ambush. Thereupon the ministers all composed poems too. Then Xie Hun's elegance was first in the Jiangzuo region; once he and Hui were both before Emperor Wu, who looked at them and said, "For a moment there are two jade men."
4
劉穆之遣使陳事，晦往往異同，穆之怒曰：「公復有還時不？」 及帝欲以晦為從事中郎，穆之堅執不與，故終穆之世不遷。 及穆之喪問至，帝哭之甚慟，曰：「喪我賢友。」 晦時正直，喜甚，自入合參審。 其日教出，轉晦從事中郎。 宋台建，為右衛將軍，加侍中。
When Liu Muzhi's messengers reported on affairs, Hui often disagreed; Muzhi snapped, "Will the Duke ever come back? When the Emperor wanted Hui as Attendant Gentleman, Muzhi held firm and denied the appointment, so Hui received no promotion while Muzhi lived. When news of Muzhi's death arrived, the Emperor wept bitterly and said, "I have lost a worthy friend. Hui became then on duty and was greatly pleased; he entered the inner office himself to verify. That same day an edict came out promoting Hui to Attendant Gentleman. When the Song regime was established, he became General of the Right Guard with the added title of Palace Attendant.
5
武帝聞咸陽淪沒，欲復北伐，晦諫以士馬疲怠，乃止。 於是登城北望，慨然不悅，乃命群僚誦詩，晦詠王粲詩曰：「南登霸陵岸，回首望長安，悟彼下泉人，喟然傷心肝。」 帝流涕不自勝。 及帝受命，於石頭登壇，備法駕入宮，晦領遊軍為警。 加中領軍，封武昌縣公。
When Emperor Wu learned Xianyang had fallen he wanted another northern campaign; Hui urged that men and horses were exhausted, and the Emperor held back. He mounted the city wall, looked north, and brooded in displeasure, then ordered the court to recite poetry; Hui intoned Wang Can's lines: "South I climb Baling's shore and turn back toward Chang'an; I think on souls beneath the hidden spring, and grief wrings my heart and liver. The Emperor wept and could not compose himself. When the Emperor received Heaven's mandate he ascended the altar at Shitou; with full imperial equipage he entered the palace while Hui led the mobile guard on alert. He became General of the Central Army and received enfeoffment as Duke of Wuchang County.
6
永初二年，坐行璽封鎮西司馬南郡太守王華，而誤封北海太守球，板免晦侍中。 尋轉領軍將軍，加散騎常侍，依晉中軍羊祜故事，入直殿省，總統宿衛。 及帝不豫，給班劍二十人，與徐羨之、傅亮、檀道濟並侍醫藥。 少帝即位，加中書令，與徐、傅輔政。 及少帝廢，徐羨之以晦領護南蠻校尉、荊州刺史，加都督，欲令居外為援。 慮文帝至，或別用人，故遽有此授。 精兵舊將，悉以配之。 文帝即位，晦慮不得去，甚憂惶。 及發新亭，顧石頭城喜曰：「今得脫矣。」 進封建平郡公，固讓。 又給鼓吹一部。 至江陵，深結侍中王華，冀以免禍。 二女當配彭城王義康、新野侯義賓。 元嘉二年，遣妻及長子世休送女還都。 先是，景平中，魏師攻取河南，至是欲誅羨之等並討晦，聲言北行，又言拜京陵，裝舟艦。 傅亮與晦書，言：「薄伐河朔，事猶未已，朝野之慮，憂懼者多」。 又言：「當遣外監萬幼宗往「。 時朝廷處分異常，其謀頗泄。 三年正月，晦弟黃門侍郎嚼馳使告晦，晦猶謂不然，呼諮議參軍何承天示以亮書曰：「計幼宗一二日必至，傅公慮我好事，故先遣此書。」 承天曰：「外間所聞，咸謂西討已定，幼宗豈有上理？」 晦尚謂虛，使承天豫立答詔啟草，北行宜須明年。 江夏內史程道慧得尋陽人書，言其事已審，使示晦。 晦問計於承天，對曰：「蒙將軍殊顧，常思報德，事變至矣，何敢隱情。 然明日戒嚴，動用軍法，區區所懷，懼不得盡。」 晦懼曰：「卿豈欲我自裁哉？」 承天曰：「尚未至此，其在境外。」 晦曰：「荊州用武之地，兵糧易給。 聊且決戰，走復何晚。 吾不愛死，負先帝之顧，如何？」 又謂承天曰：「幼宗尚未至，若後二三日無消息，便是不復來邪？」 承天曰：「程說其事已判，豈容復疑。」 晦欲焚南蠻兵籍，率見力決戰。 土人多勸發兵。 晦問諸將：「戰士三千足守城乎？」 南蠻司馬周超曰：「非徒守城； 若有外寇，亦可立勳。」 司馬庾登之請解司馬、南郡以授之，晦即命超為司馬，轉登之為長史。
In Yongchu year two, charged with carrying the imperial seal to confirm Wang Hua as Western Division Marshal and Administrator of Nan Commandery but instead sealing Qiu as Administrator of Beihai, he was removed as Palace Attendant. Before long, he became General Who Leads the Army, with added title of Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry; following the precedent of Yang Hu, Central Army General under Jin, he entered duty in the palace offices and commanded the night guard. When the Emperor fell ill he received twenty ceremonial swords and, with Xu Xianzhi, Fu Liang, and Tan Daoji, attended the sickbed. When Emperor Shao ascended the throne, Hui was made Director of the Secretariat and governed alongside Xu and Fu. After Emperor Shao was deposed, Xu Xianzhi had Hui take Colonel Protector of the Southern Barbarians and Governor of Jing Province with full command, intending to keep him outside the capital as a reserve force. Fearing that when Emperor Wen arrived another man might be placed in power, they rushed through this appointment. Crack troops and veteran generals were all assigned to his command. When Emperor Wen took the throne, Hui feared he would not be permitted to leave the capital and was deeply anxious. Setting out from Xinting he looked back at Shitou and said with relief, "At last I am free. He was raised to Duke of Jianping Commandery but firmly declined the promotion. He was also granted a set of ceremonial drums and horns. At Jiangling he cultivated close ties with Palace Attendant Wang Hua, hoping to escape punishment. Two daughters were betrothed to Prince Yikang of Pengcheng and Marquis Yibin of Xinye. In Yuanjia year two he sent his wife and eldest son Shixiu to escort the daughters back to the capital. Before this, in the Jingping era, Wei forces had seized Henan; now the court intended to execute Xianzhi and the others and punish Hui, publicly announcing a northern march while also saying they would worship at the imperial tombs near the capital and fitting out ships. Fu Liang wrote Hui: "The limited campaign north of the Yellow River is not yet finished; court and countryside alike seethe with worry and fear." He added, "The outer supervisor Wan Youzong is to be dispatched. The court's movements were abnormal, and much of the plot leaked out. In the first month of year three, Hui's brother Jiao, Gentleman of the Yellow Gate, sent a fast courier to warn him; Hui still disbelieved, called in Staff Officer He Chengtian, showed him Liang's letter and said, "Youzong ought to arrive within a day or two; Master Fu feared I would stir trouble and so sent this letter ahead." Chengtian said, "Outside rumor has it the western punitive expedition is already decided; why would Youzong still be on his way?" Hui still treated it as empty talk and had Chengtian draft a reply in advance, arguing the northern march should wait until the next year. Jiangxia Interior Administrator Cheng Daohui received a letter from a man of Xunyang saying the matter was settled and showed it to Hui. Hui asked Chengtian's advice; he answered, "Your Grace has shown me extraordinary favor and I have long wished to repay it; the crisis is here—how could I conceal what I know? Yet tomorrow martial law will be declared and military justice enforced; what I feel in my heart, I fear I cannot say it all." Hui said in alarm, "Do you mean I should take my own life?" Chengtian said, "Not yet; the path lies beyond the frontier." Hui said, "Jing Province is a natural battlefield; arms and grain are easy to gather. Let us fight it out for now; flight would not come too late. I do not begrudge death—but how can I betray the late Emperor's trust?" He likewise said to Chengtian, "Youzong has not yet arrived; if in two or three days there is no word, then he is not coming at all, is he?" Chengtian said, "Cheng says the matter is already settled; how can doubt remain?" Hui meant to burn the Southern Barbarian muster rolls and lead every man he had into decisive battle. Local men mostly urged him to raise troops. Hui asked his generals, "Are three thousand fighting men enough to hold the city?" Southern Barbarians Major Zhou Chao said, "Not merely to hold the city— given an outside foe, one could also win glory in battle." Major Yu Dengzhi asked to surrender his major's post and Nan Commandery to Chao; Hui at once made Chao major and transferred Dengzhi to Chief Clerk.
7
文帝誅羨之等及晦子世休，收嚼、嚼子世平、兄子紹等。 晦知訖，先舉羨之、亮哀，次發子弟凶問。 既而自出射堂，集得精兵三萬人，乃奉表，言：「臣等若志欲專權，不顧國典，便當輔翼幼主，孤背天日，豈得沿流二千，虛館三月，奉迎鑾駕，以遵下武。 故廬陵王于營陽之世，屢彼猜嫌，積怨犯上，自貽非命。 不有所廢，將何以興，耿弇不以賊遺君父，臣亦何負于宋室邪。」 又言：「羨之、亮無罪見誅，王弘兄弟輕躁昧進，王華猜忌忍害」。 帝時已戒嚴，尚書符荊州暴其罪狀。
When Emperor Wen executed Xianzhi and the others and Hui's son Shixiu, he also arrested Jiao, Jiao's son Shiping, and Hui's nephew Shao. When Hui learned of it he first raised mourning for Xianzhi and Liang, then announced the grim news about his kinsmen. Then he came out to the archery hall, mustered thirty thousand elite troops, and submitted a memorial: "Had we wished to monopolize power regardless of the state's laws, we would have propped up the young emperor and turned our backs on Heaven—how could we have drifted two thousand li downstream, lodged idle for three months, and welcomed the imperial carriage in the manner of King Wu? Formerly Prince Luling in Emperor Yingyang's time became repeatedly suspected and resented; he piled up grievances and offended his superiors, bringing ruin on himself. If the unworthy is not removed, how can the worthy be raised? Geng Yan did not leave the enemy for lord and father—how have I wronged the house of Song? He also wrote, "Xianzhi and Liang were guiltless yet executed; Wang Hong and his brothers were rash and blindly ambitious; Wang Hua was suspicious and cruel." The emperor had already declared martial law; the Secretariat issued orders to Jing Province proclaiming their crimes.
8
晦率眾二萬發自江陵，舟艦列自江津至於破塚，旗旌相照。 歎曰：「恨不得以此為勤王之師。」 移檄建鄴，言王弘、曇首、王華等罪。 又上表陳情。 初，晦與徐、傅謀為自全計：晦據上流，檀鎮廣陵，各有強兵，足制朝廷； 羨之、亮于中知權，可得持久。 及帝將行，召檀道濟委之以眾。 晦始謂道濟不全，及聞其來，大眾皆潰。 晦得小船還江陵。
Hui led twenty thousand men out from Jiangling; warships lined the route from Jiangjin to Pojia, banners and flags shining one upon another. He sighed and said, "Would that this force could have been an army to rescue the throne. He issued a proclamation to Jiankang denouncing Wang Hong, Tan Shou, Wang Hua, and the rest. He also submitted a memorial stating his case. Earlier Hui, Xu, and Fu had plotted for self-preservation: Hui would hold the upper Yangtze, Tan would garrison Guangling, each with forces strong enough to control the court; while Xianzhi and Liang at the center wielded power and could hold out. When the Emperor prepared to march, he summoned Tan Daoji and entrusted the army to him. Hui had first thought Daoji would not come in full; when he heard he became coming, the great host mostly scattered. Hui took a small boat and fled back to Jiangling.
9
初，雍州刺史劉粹遣弟竟陵太守道濟與台軍主沈敞之襲江陵，至沙橋，周超大破之。 俄而晦至江陵，無他處分，唯愧謝周超而已。 超其夜詣到彥之降，晦乃攜弟遯兄子世基等七騎北走。 遯肥不能騎馬，晦每待不得速。 至安陸延頭，晦故吏戍主光順之檻送建鄴。 于路作悲人道以自哀。
Before this, Governor of Yong Province Liu Cui had sent his younger brother, Administrator of Jingling Liu Daoji, with the capital army commander Shen Changzhi to strike Jiangling; at Shaqiao, Zhou Chao routed them completely. When Hui reached Jiangling he made no other disposition; he only apologized to Zhou Chao in shame. That night Chao went to Dao Yanzhi and surrendered; Hui then fled north with seven riders—his brother Dun, his nephew Shiji, and others. Dun was too stout to ride; Hui always had to wait for him and could not flee quickly. At Yantou in Anlu, Guang Shunzhi, a former subordinate and garrison commander, caged him and sent him to Jiankang. On the road he composed "Lament for a Fallen Man" to mourn his own fall.
10
周超既降，到彥之以參府事。 劉粹遣告彥之，沙橋之事，敗由周超。 彥之乃執與晦等並伏誅。
After Zhou Chao surrendered, Dao Yanzhi took him onto his staff. Liu Cui sent word to Yanzhi that the defeat at Shaqiao was Zhou Chao's doing. Yanzhi then seized him, and he was executed together with Hui and the others.
11
世基，絢之子也。 有才氣，臨死為連句詩曰：「偉哉橫海鱗，壯矣垂天翼，一旦失風水，翻為螻蟻食。」 晦續之曰：「功遂侔昔人，保退無智力。 既涉太行險，斯路信難陟。」 晦女為彭城王義康妃，聰明有才貌，被髮徒跣與晦訣曰：「阿父，大丈夫當橫屍戰場，奈何狼藉都市。」 言訖叫絕，行人為之落淚。
Shiji was the son of Xuan. Talented and spirited, facing death he composed linked verse: "Vast the sea-spanning fish, mighty the sky-hanging wing; once wind and water fail, it becomes food for ants. Hui continued: "Merit achieved, I match the men of old; safe withdrawal—no wisdom, no strength. Once past the peril of the Taihang, this road is truly hard to climb." Hui's daughter became consort to Prince Yikang of Pengcheng—intelligent, talented, and beautiful; with hair loose and barefoot she took leave of Hui and said, "Father, a great man should lie dead on the battlefield—how can he be strewn in disgrace through the capital?" When she finished she shrieked and collapsed; passersby wept at the sight.
12
晦死時年三十七。 庾登之、殷道鸞、何承天自晦下並見原。
Hui was thirty-seven when he died. Yu Dengzhi, Yin Daoluan, and He Chengtian were all pardoned after Hui's fall.
13
次兄瞻
The second elder brother, Zhan
14
瞻字宣遠，一曰名簷字通遠，晦次兄也。 六歲能屬文，為紫石英贊、果然詩，為當時才士歎異。 與從叔混、族弟靈運俱有盛名。 嘗作喜霽詩，靈運寫之，混詠之。 王弘在坐，以為三絕。
Zhan, courtesy name Xuanyuan—one account gives his name as Yan and style Tongyuan—was Hui's next elder brother. At six he could compose prose; his "Ode to Amethyst Quartz" and "Poem on the Guoran Bird" astonished the talented men of the day. He shared great fame with his father's younger cousin Hun and his clansman Lingyun. Once he wrote a poem on fine clear weather; Lingyun copied it out and Hun recited it. Wang Hong was present and called it a triple perfection.
15
瞻幼孤，叔母劉撫養有恩，兄弟事之同於至親。 劉弟柳為吳郡，將姊俱行，瞻不能違遠，自楚台秘書郎解職隨從，故為柳建威長史。 後為宋武帝相國從事中郎。 晦時為宋台右衛，權遇已重，于彭城還都迎家，賓客輻湊。 時瞻在家，驚駭謂晦曰：「吾家以素退為業，汝遂勢傾朝野，此豈門戶福邪。」 乃籬隔門庭，曰：「吾不忍見此。」 後因宴集，靈運問晦：「潘、陸與賈充優劣。」 晦曰：「安仁諂於權門，士衡邀競無已，並不能保身，自求多福。 公閭勳名佐世，不得為並。」 靈運曰：「安仁、士衡才為一時之冠，方之公閭，本自遼絕。」 瞻斂容曰：「若處貴而能遺權，斯則是非不得而生，傾危無因而至。 君子以明哲保身，其在此乎。」 常以裁止晦如此。
Zhan became orphaned young; his aunt Liu raised him with kindness, and the brothers served her as they would their closest kin. Liu's younger brother Liu became Administrator of Wu Commandery and was taking his sister along; Zhan could not bear to be far away, resigned his post as Secretary of the Chu's Terrace and followed, and so became Chief Clerk on Liu's Establishment of Might staff. Later he served as Attendant Gentleman on Emperor Wu's chancellery staff. When Hui became General of the Right Guard of the Song regime his power and favor were already heavy; returning from Pengcheng to the capital to welcome his family, guests thronged. Zhan became then at home and said in alarm to Hui, "Our house has always taken modest retreat as its business; you have now tilted power across court and countryside—is this a blessing to our gate? He fenced off the courtyard with a hedge and said, "I cannot bear to see this." Later at a banquet Lingyun asked Hui, "Which were superior—Pan and Lu, or Jia Chong?" Hui said, "Anren flattered the powerful; Shiheng ceaselessly sought rivalry—neither could preserve himself or secure his own good fortune. Gonglu's merit and fame served his age; he cannot be ranked with them. Lingyun said, "Anren and Shiheng's talent became the crown of their age; compared with Gonglu, they were utterly beyond reach from the start." Zhan composed his face and said, "If one in high place can relinquish power, right and wrong cannot arise and peril cannot come unbidden. A noble man preserves himself through clear wisdom—is it not here? This man often checked Hui in this way.
16
及還彭城，言于武帝曰：「臣本素士，父祖位不過二千石。 弟年始三十，志用凡近，位任顯密，福過災生，特乞降黜，以保衰門。」 前後屢陳。 帝欲以瞻為吳興郡，又自陳請，乃為豫章太守。
When he returned to Pengcheng he said to Emperor Wu, "I became originally a plain scholar; my father and grandfather's posts did not exceed two-thousand-shi rank. My younger brother is only thirty; his aims and capacity are ordinary, yet his post is conspicuous and secret—blessing has outrun merit and disaster follows; I beg demotion to preserve our declining house. This man submitted this repeatedly. The Emperor wished to make Zhan Administrator of Wuxing; Zhan petitioned again and was given Yuzhang instead.
17
晦或以朝廷密事語瞻，瞻輒向親舊說以為戲笑，以絕其言。 晦遂建佐命功，瞻愈憂懼。 永初二年，在郡遇疾不療，幸於不永。 晦聞疾奔波，瞻見之曰：「汝為國大臣，又總戎重，萬里遠出，必生疑謗。」 時果有詐告晦反者。
When Hui sometimes confided court secrets, Zhan would repeat them to kin and friends as a jest, to choke off such talk. When Hui earned merit in founding the dynasty, Zhan grew ever more fearful. In Yongchu year two, ill in his commandery and failing to recover, he counted himself fortunate not to live long. When Hui heard he rushed there; Zhan saw him and said, "You are a great minister of the state and hold overall military command; to travel ten thousand li is sure to breed suspicion and slander. Then there was indeed a false report that Hui had rebelled.
18
瞻疾篤還都，帝以晦禁旅，不得出宿，使瞻居於晉南郡公主婿羊賁故第，在領軍府東門。 瞻曰：「吾有先人弊廬，何為於此？」 臨終遺晦書曰：「吾得歸骨山足，亦何所多恨。 弟思自勉，為國為家。」 卒時年三十五。
Zhan's illness grew grave and he returned to the capital; because Hui held the palace guard and could not lodge outside, the emperor had Zhan stay at the former residence of Yang Ben, son-in-law of the Jin Princess of Nan Commandery, east of the General Who Leads the Army's office. Zhan said: "I have my forebears' humble dwelling—why here? On his deathbed he left Hui a letter: "I can return my bones to the mountain's foot—what more is there to regret? Brother, strive on your own—for the state and for the family." He was thirty-five when he died.
19
瞻文章之美，與從叔混、族弟靈運相抗。 靈運父瑍無才能，為秘書郎早卒，而靈運好臧否人物。 混患之，欲加裁折，未有其方。 謂瞻曰：「非汝莫能。」 乃與晦、曜、弘微等共遊戲，使瞻與靈運共車。 靈運登車便商較人物，瞻謂曰：「秘書早亡，談者亦互有同異。」 靈運默然，言論自此衰止。
Zhan's literary gifts matched his father's younger cousin Hun and his clansman Lingyun. Lingyun's father Min had no talent; he became Secretary Lang and died young, yet Lingyun loved to judge people's merits and faults. Hun was troubled and wished to check him but had no means. He told Zhan, "No one but you can do it. He then went out with Hui, Yao, Hongwei, and others for amusement and had Zhan ride in the same carriage as Lingyun. Lingyun boarded and at once began ranking people; Zhan said, "Secretary Lang died young, and those who speak of him differ among themselves. Lingyun fell silent, and from then on such talk dwindled and stopped.
20
弟嚼字宣鏡，年數歲，所生母郭氏疾，嚼晨昏溫凊，勤容戚顏，未嘗暫改。 恐僕役營疾懈倦，躬自執勞，母為疾畏驚，而微踐過甚，一家尊卑感嚼至性，咸納屨行、屏氣語，如此者十餘年。 位黃門侍郎，從坐伏誅。
Younger brother Jiao, courtesy name Xuanjing, was a few years old when his birth-mother Lady Guo fell ill; morning and evening he attended her with warm care, his bearing always sorrowful, never briefly changing. Fearing the servants tending the illness might slacken, he personally took the labor; his mother, startled by the illness, needed quiet, and he stepped too lightly—everyone high and low in the house became moved by Jiao's utmost filial nature and all removed their shoes and lowered their voices when speaking, for more than ten years. He served as Gentleman of the Yellow Gate and was executed as an associate in the crime.
21
從叔澹
The father's younger cousin, Dan
22
澹字景恒，晦從叔也。 祖安，晉太傅。 父瑤，琅邪王友。 澹任達仗氣，不營當世，與順陽范泰為雲霞之交。 歷位尚書。
Dan, courtesy name Jingheng, was Hui's father's younger cousin. His grandfather An was Grand Tutor under Jin. His father Yao was Friend to the Prince of Langye. Dan was free and bold, trusting in his spirit, cared nothing for worldly success, and with Fan Tai of Shunyang kept a friendship lofty as clouds and mist. He rose to Director of the Masters of Writing.
23
宋武帝將受禪，有司議使侍中劉叡進璽，帝曰：「此選當須人望。」 乃使澹攝。 澹嘗侍帝宴，酣飲大言無所屈，鄭鮮之欲按之，帝以為澹方外士，不宜規矩繩之； 然意不說，不以任寄。 後復侍飲，醉謂帝曰：「陛下用群臣，但須委屈順者乃見貴，汲黯之徒無用也。」 帝大笑。
When Emperor Wu of Song became about to receive the abdication, the relevant offices debated having Attendant Gentleman Liu Rui present the seal; the Emperor said, "This choice must be a man of public esteem. Then he had Dan act in the role. Dan once attended the Emperor at a banquet, drank deeply and spoke boldly without bending; Zheng Xianzhi wished to impeach him, but the Emperor thought Dan a man beyond the world and not to be bound by square rules; yet he became displeased at heart and did not entrust him with office. Later, drunk at another audience, he told the Emperor, "Your Majesty uses ministers—you need only those who yield and comply to be honored; men like Ji An are useless. The Emperor laughed heartily.
24
景平中，累遷光祿大夫。 從子晦為荊州，將之鎮，詣澹別。 晦色自矜，澹問晦年，答曰三十五。 澹笑曰：「昔荀中郎年二十九為北府都督，卿比之已為老矣。」 晦色甚愧。 元嘉中，位侍中、特進、金紫光祿大夫，卒。
In the Jingping era he rose step by step to Grand Master of Splendid Happiness. When his nephew Hui was Governor of Jing Province and was leaving for his post, he came to Dan to take leave. Hui looked self-satisfied; Dan asked his age and he answered thirty-five. Dan laughed and said, "In old days Xun Zhonglang at twenty-nine was Northern Headquarters Commander—you, compared with him, are already old. Hui flushed with shame. In the Yuanjia era he rose to Palace Attendant, Special Advance, and Grand Master of the Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon, then died.
25
初，澹從弟混與劉毅昵，澹常以為憂，漸疏混，每謂弟璞、從子瞻曰：「益壽此性，終當破家。」 混尋見誅，朝廷以澹先言，故不及禍。
Earlier Dan's younger cousin Hun was intimate with Liu Yi; Dan always worried over this, gradually kept Hun at a distance, and often told his brother Pu and his nephew Zhan, "Yishou by nature will in the end ruin the family. Hun became soon executed; the court because Dan had spoken first did not extend the disaster to him.
26
璞字景山，幼孝友，祖安深賞愛之，位光祿勳。
Pu, courtesy name Jingshan, was filial and fraternal from childhood; his grandfather An deeply loved and prized him; he served as Grand Master for Splendid Happiness.
27
從父裕
The father's younger cousin, Yu
28
謝裕字景仁，朗弟允之子、而晦從父也。 名與宋武帝諱同，故以字行。 允字令度，位宣城內史。 景仁幼為從祖安所知，始為前軍行參軍，會稽王世子元顯嬖人張法順權傾一時，內外無不造門，唯景仁不至，年三十而方為著作佐郎。 桓玄誅元顯，見景仁，謂四坐曰：「司馬庶人父子雲何不敗，遂令謝景仁三十而方佐著作郎。」 玄建楚台，以補黃門侍郎。 及篡位，領驍騎將軍。
Xie Yu, courtesy name Jingren, was son of Lang's younger brother Yun and thus Hui's father's younger cousin. His given name matched Emperor Wu of Song's taboo, so he went by his courtesy name. Yun, courtesy name Lingdu, served as Interior Administrator of Xuancheng. Jingren was known from childhood by his grand-uncle An; he first served as Army Registrar on the staff of the Forward Army; Zhang Fashun, favorite of the Heir Apparent to the Prince of Kuaiji, Yuanxian, wielded power for a time and none inside or outside did not visit his gate—only Jingren did not go; he was thirty before becoming Assistant Editor in the Editorial Office. When Huan Xuan executed Yuanxian and saw Jingren, he said to those seated, "How did the Sima commoners' father and son fail to fall sooner, that Xie Jingren reached thirty before assisting as Editorial Lang? When Xuan established the Chu regime, Jingren became appointed Gentleman of the Yellow Gate. When Xuan usurped the throne, Jingren became General of Valiant Cavalry.
29
景仁博聞強識，善敘前言往行，玄每與言不倦。 玄出行，殷仲文、卞範之之徒皆騎馬散從，而使景仁陪輦。 宋武帝為桓修撫軍中兵參軍，嘗詣景仁諮事，景仁與語說，因留帝食。 食未辦，而景仁為玄所召。 玄性促，俄頃間騎詔續至，帝屢求去，景仁不許，曰：「主上見待，要應有方，我欲與客食，豈不得待？」 竟安坐飽食然後應召。 帝甚感之。 及平建鄴，景仁與百僚同見，武帝目之曰：「此名公孫也。」 歷位武帝鎮軍司馬，復為車騎司馬。
Jingren was broadly learned with a strong memory, skilled at narrating words and deeds of earlier men; Xuan never tired of talking with him. When Xuan went out, Yin Zhongwen, Bian Fanzhi, and the like rode scattered in attendance, but had Jingren accompany the carriage. Emperor Wu, then Army Registrar on Huan Xiu's Pacification Army staff, once went to Jingren to consult on affairs; Jingren talked with him and kept him to eat. The meal was not yet ready when Xuan summoned Jingren. Xuan became impatient by nature; in a short while mounted messengers with imperial orders came in succession; the Emperor repeatedly asked to leave but Jingren would not allow it and said, "When the lord treats one well, there must be a method; I wish to eat with my guest—can I not wait? This man sat at ease, ate his fill, and only then answered the summons. The Emperor was deeply moved. When Jiankang became pacified, Jingren appeared with the hundred officials; the Emperor looked at him and said, "This is a grandson of a famous house. He served in succession as Army Marshal to the General Who Guards the Army, then again as Army Marshal to the Chariots and Cavalry.
30
義熙五年，帝將伐慕容超，朝議皆謂不可，劉毅時鎮姑孰，固止帝，以為「苻堅侵境，謝太傅猶不自行。 宰相遠出，傾動根本」。 景仁獨曰：「公建桓、文之烈，應天人之心，雖業高振古，而德刑未樹，宜推亡固存，廣振威略。 平定之後，養銳息徒，然後觀兵洛汭，修復園寢，豈有縱敵貽患者哉。」 帝從之。 及北伐，大司馬琅邪王天子母弟，屬當儲副，帝深以根本為憂，轉景仁大司馬左司馬，專總府任。 又遷吏部尚書。 時從兄混為尚書左僕射，依制不得相監，帝啟依僕射王彪之、尚書王劭前例不解職。 坐選吏部令史邢安泰為都令史、平原太守，二官共除，安泰以令史職拜謁陵廟，為御史中丞鄭鮮之所糾，白衣領職。 十一年，為左僕射。
In Yixi year five the Emperor wished to attack Murong Chao; court debate mostly said it could not be done; Liu Yi, then garrisoning Gudu, firmly stopped him: "When Fu Jian invaded the borders, Grand Tutor Xie still did not go in person. The Chancellor going far afield shakes the foundations." Jingren alone said, "Your Grace has built the achievement of Duke Huan and Duke Wen and answered the hearts of Heaven and men; though your enterprise towers above the ancients, virtue and punishment are not yet established—you should push the fallen and strengthen what remains and broadly extend your martial prestige. After pacification, nurture sharpness and rest the troops; then review the army at the Luo ford and restore the imperial tombs—how could you leave the enemy standing to bring future harm? The Emperor followed his counsel. On the northern expedition, the Grand Marshal, Prince of Langye, the Son of Heaven's younger brother by the same mother, became the proper heir; the Emperor deeply worried over the foundations and transferred Jingren to Left Army Marshal of the Grand Marshal's office, with sole charge of the headquarters duties. He was also made Director of the Ministry of Personnel. Then his elder cousin Hun was Vice Director of the Masters of Writing; by regulation they could not supervise each other, but the Emperor memorialized following the earlier precedents of Vice Director Wang Biaozhi and Director Wang Shao in not leaving office. For appointing Ministry clerk Xing Antai as Chief Clerk and Administrator of Pingyuan at once—and Antai, in his clerk's capacity, paying respects at the imperial tombs—he was impeached by Censor-in-Chief Zheng Xianzhi and served in plain clothes. In year eleven he became Vice Director of the Masters of Writing.
31
景仁性矜嚴整潔，居宇淨麗，每唾輒唾左右人衣，事畢，即聽一日澣濯。 每欲唾，左右爭來受之。 武帝雅相知重，申以昏姻，廬陵王義真妃，景仁女也。 十二年卒，贈金紫光祿大夫。 葬日，武帝親臨甚慟。
Jingren's nature became stern, neat, and fastidious; his dwelling was clean and bright; whenever he spat he spat on the clothes of attendants at his side, and when the matter was done he allowed them one day's washing. Whenever he was about to spit, attendants vied to catch it. Emperor Wu knew and valued him deeply and joined him by marriage; Prince Yizhen of Luling's consort became Jingren's daughter. In year twelve he died and was posthumously titled Grand Master of the Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon. On the day of burial Emperor Wu came in person and mourned deeply.
32
子恂字泰溫，位鄱陽太守。 恂子孺子，少與族兄莊齊名。 多藝能，尤善聲律。 車騎將軍王彧，孺子姑之子也。 嘗與孺子宴桐台，孺子吹笙，彧自起舞，既而歎曰：「今日真使人飄颻有伊、洛間意。」 為新安王主簿，出為廬江郡，辭，宋孝武謂有司曰：「謝孺子不可屈為小郡。」 乃以為司徒主簿。 後以家貧，求西陽太守，卒官。
His son Xun, courtesy name Taiwen, served as Administrator of Poyang. Xun's son Ruzi grew up alongside his clansman Zhuang and shared equal fame. He mastered many arts and was especially skilled in tonal rules. Chariots and Cavalry General Wang Yu became son of Ruzi's aunt. Once he banqueted with Ruzi at Tongtai Terrace; Ruzi played the sheng and Yu rose to dance, then sighed: "Today truly makes one feel buoyant, as though between the Yi and Luo. This man was Chief Clerk to Prince Xin'an, then went out as Administrator of Lujiang; he declined, and Emperor Xiaowu of Song told the relevant offices, "Xie Ruzi cannot be reduced to a small commandery." This man was therefore made Chief Clerk to the Minister of Education. Later, because his family was poor, he sought the post of Administrator of Xiyang and died while still in office.
33
子璟，少與從叔朓俱知名。 齊竟陵王子良開西邸，招文學，璟亦預焉。 位中書郎。 梁天監中，為左戶尚書，再遷侍中，固辭年老求金紫，帝不悅，未敘，會卒。
His son Jing grew up with his father's younger cousin Tiao and both were known. Jing also took part.; prince Ziliang of Jingling of Qi opened the Western Lodge and gathered literary men He served as Attendant Gentleman of the Secretariat. In the Tianjian era of Liang he became Director of the Left Household, then promoted again to Palace Attendant; he firmly declined, citing old age and seeking the golden seal and purple ribbon; the Emperor was displeased and did not grant rank; he died before promotion.
34
純字景懋，景仁弟也。 劉毅鎮江陵，以為衛軍長史、南平相。 及王鎮惡襲毅，毅時病，佐史聞兵至，馳還入府，左右引車欲還外廨，純叱之曰：「我人吏也，逃欲安之。」 及入，毅兵敗眾散，純為人所殺。 純弟甝字景甝，位司徒右長史。
Chun, courtesy name Jingmao, was Jingren's younger brother. When Liu Yi garrisoned Jiangling, Chun became made Chief Clerk to the Guard Army and Chancellor of Nanping. When Wang Zhen'e attacked Yi, Yi became then ill; a clerk heard the army had arrived, galloped back into the headquarters, and attendants drew the carriage wanting to return to the outer office; Chun shouted at them, "I am this man's official—where would I flee? When he entered, Yi's army was defeated and the host scattered; Chun was killed. Chun's younger brother Lin, courtesy name Jinglin, served as Right Chief Clerk to the Minister of Education.
35
甝弟述字景先，小字道兒。 少有至行，隨純在江陵，純遇害，述奉純喪還都，至西塞遇暴風，純喪舫流漂不知所在，述乘小船尋求，經純妻庾舫過。 庾遣人謂曰：「小郎去必無及，寧可存亡俱盡邪。」 述號泣答曰：「若安全至岸，尚須營理； 如其已致意外，述亦無心獨存。」 因冒浪而進，見純喪幾沒，述號叫呼天，幸而獲免。 咸以為精誠所致，武帝聞而嘉之。 及臨豫州，諷中正以為迎主簿，甚被器遇。
Lin's younger brother Shu, courtesy name Jingxian, childhood name Dao'er. From youth he had utmost conduct; following Chun in Jiangling, when Chun became killed Shu escorted Chun's coffin back to the capital; at Xisai they met violent wind, Chun's funeral barge drifted away and its whereabouts were unknown; Shu took a small boat to search, passing the barge of Chun's wife Lady Yu. Yu sent word: "The young master going will surely not reach them—would you rather both perish together?" If they safely reach shore, there will still be arrangements to make;, shu wept and answered if they have already met mishap, I have no heart to live alone. Then he braved the waves and advanced; he saw Chun's coffin nearly submerged, cried out to Heaven, and by fortune escaped. All attributed it to utmost sincerity; Emperor Wu heard and praised him. When he arrived at Yuzhou, the provincial appraiser became urged to make him Chief Clerk to welcome the governor; he was greatly valued.
36
景仁愛甝而憎述，嘗設饌請宋武帝，希命甝豫坐，而帝召述。 述知非景仁夙意，又慮帝命之，請急不從。 帝馳遣呼述，須至乃飧，其見重如此。 及景仁疾，述盡心視湯藥，飲食必嘗而後進。 衣不解帶不盥櫛者累旬，景仁深感愧焉，友愛遂篤。 及景仁卒，哀號過禮。 景仁肥壯，買材數具皆不合用，述哀惶，親選乃獲焉。
Jingren loved Lin but disliked Shu; once he set a feast and invited Emperor Wu, hoping Lin would join the seating, but the Emperor summoned Shu. Shu knew this became not Jingren's old intent and also feared the Emperor's command; he urgently begged off and was not obeyed. The Emperor sent a fast messenger to summon Shu and would not eat until he arrived—such was the esteem in which he was held. After Jingren fell ill, Shu devoted himself to tending medicines and broth, always tasting before presenting. For many tens of days he did not loosen his belt or wash or comb; Jingren was deeply ashamed and their brotherly love became deep. After Jingren died, his wailing exceeded the rites. Jingren became stout; several sets of coffin timber bought were all unsuitable; Shu in grief and panic personally chose until he obtained fit timber.
37
為太尉參軍，從征司馬休之，封吉陽縣五等侯。 元嘉二年，拜中書侍郎。 後為彭城王義康驃騎長史，領南郡太守。 義康入相，述又為司徒左長史，轉左衛將軍。 蒞官清約，私無宅舍，義康遇之甚厚。 尚書僕射殷景仁、領軍將軍劉湛並與述為異常之交。 述美風姿，善舉止，湛每謂人曰：「我見謝道兒未嘗足。」 雍州刺史張邵以黷貨將致大辟，述表陳邵先朝舊勳，宜蒙優貸，文帝手詔詶納焉。 述語子綜曰：「主上矜邵夙誠，自將曲恕，吾所啟謬會，故特見納。 若此跡宣佈，則為侵奪主恩。」 使綜對前焚之。 帝后謂邵曰：「卿之獲免，謝述力焉。」
He was Staff Officer to the Grand Marshal and followed the campaign against Sima Xiuzhi; he received enfeoffment as fifth-rank Marquis of Jiyang County. In Yuanjia year two he was appointed Gentleman of the Secretariat. Afterward, he was Chief Clerk to Prince Yikang of Pengcheng's Cavalry General staff and concurrently Administrator of Nan Commandery. When Yikang entered the chancellery, Shu became again Left Chief Clerk to the Minister of Education, then transferred to General of the Left Guard. In office he became pure and sparing; privately he had no dwelling; Yikang treated him very generously. Vice Director Yin Jingren and General Who Leads the Army Liu Zhan were both in extraordinary friendship with Shu. Shu bore himself beautifully and graceful conduct; Zhan often told people, "When I see Xie Dao'er I never have my fill. Yong Inspector Zhang Shao, for corrupt taking, was about to receive capital punishment; Shu memorialized that Shao had merit in earlier dynasties and should receive lenient treatment; Emperor Wen personally wrote in reply and accepted. Shu told his son Zong, "The lord pities Shao's old loyalty and will himself show clemency; my memorial happened to agree, and so became specially accepted. If this were broadcast, it would be seizing the lord's grace. This man had Zong face forward and burn it. "Your escape—Xie Shu made it happen.", the Emperor later told Shao
38
述有心虛疾，性理時或乖謬，卒于吳興太守。 喪還未至都數十里，殷景仁、劉湛同乘迎赴，望船流涕。 及劉湛誅，義康外鎮，將行歎曰：「謝述唯勸吾退，劉湛唯勸吾進，述亡而湛存，吾所以得罪也。」 文帝亦曰：「謝述若存，義康必不至此。」 三子：綜、約、緯。 綜有才藝，善隸書，為太子中舍人。 與范曄謀反伏誅； 約亦死。 緯尚宋文帝第五女長城公主，素為綜、約所憎，免死，徙廣州，孝建中還都。 方雅有父風，位正員郎。 子朓。
Shu had an illness of heart vacuity; his temperament sometimes went awry; he died as Administrator of Wuxing. Before the coffin had reached the capital by several tens of li, Yin Jingren and Liu Zhan rode together to meet it and wept at the sight of the boat. When Liu Zhan was put to death and Yikang went out to a regional post, about to leave he sighed, "Xie Shu only urged me to withdraw; Liu Zhan only urged me to advance—Shu dead and Zhan living, that is why I have offended. Emperor Wen also said, "If Xie Shu were still alive, Yikang would not have come to this." He had three sons: Zong, Yue, and Wei. Zong had talent and skill, wrote clerical script well, and served as Attendant of the Heir Apparent. This man plotted rebellion with Fan Ye and was executed; Yue also died. Wei married the fifth daughter of Emperor Wen of Song, Princess Great Wall; he had always been hated by Zong and Yue, became spared death, and was banished to Guangzhou; in the Xiaojian era he returned to the capital. Fangya had his father's bearing and served as Regular Gentleman. His son Tiao.
39
朓字玄暉，少好學，有美名，文章清麗。 為齊隨王子隆鎮西功曹，轉文學。 子隆在荊州，好辭賦，朓尤被賞，不舍日夕。 長史王秀之以朓年少相動，欲以啟聞。 朓知之，因事求還，道中為詩寄西府曰：「常恐鷹隼擊，時菊委嚴霜，寄言罻羅者，寥廓已高翔。」 是也。 仍除新安王中軍記室。 朓箋辭子隆曰：朓聞潢汙之水，思朝宗而每竭，駑蹇之乘，希沃若而中疲。 何則？ 皋壤搖落，對之惆悵，歧路東西，或以嗚唈。 況乃服義徒擁，歸志莫從，邈若墜雨，飄似秋蔕。 朓實庸流，行能無算，屬天地休明，山川受納，褒采一介，搜揚小善，故得舍耒場圃，奉筆兔園。 東泛三江，西浮七澤，契闊戎旃，從容燕語。 長裾日曳，後乘載脂，榮立府廷，恩加顏色，沐發晞陽，未測涯涘，撫臆論報，早誓肌骨。 不悟滄溟未運，波臣自蕩，渤澥方春，旅翮先謝。 清切蕃房，寂寥舊蓽，輕舟反泝，吊影獨留。 白雲在天，龍門不見，去德滋永，思德滋深。 唯待青江可望，候歸艎於春渚，朱邸方開，效蓬心於秋實。 如其簪屨或存，衽席無改，雖復身填溝壑，猶望妻子知歸。 攬涕告辭，悲來橫集。 時荊州信去倚待，朓執筆便成，文無點易。
Tiao, courtesy name Xuanhui, loved learning from childhood and had a fine reputation; his writing was clear and beautiful. This man was Merit Officer on Prince Zilong of Qi's Pacification of the West staff, then transferred to Literary Officer. Zilong in Jing Province loved rhapsodies and fu; Tiao became especially prized and was never apart day or night. Chief Clerk Wang Xiuzhi, because Tiao was young, wanted to move against him and report to the throne. Tiao knew this and on a pretext asked to return; on the road he composed a poem to the Western Headquarters: "I often fear the hawk and falcon's strike, when chrysanthemums bow to harsh frost; I send word to the fowlers—the vast sky has already soared high. Such was the poem. This man was then made Recorder to Prince Xin'an's Central Army. Tiao submitted a letter declining Zilong: "I have heard that muddy waters think of flowing toward the great river yet are always exhausted, and a lame nag hopes for the great rain yet fails midway. Why? That frost-bitten fields stir melancholy; east and west at the crossroads, one sometimes weeps aloud. How much more when duty binds the heart yet the will to return has nowhere to follow—distant as falling rain, drifting as an autumn fruit stem. Tiao is truly a common stream, his conduct and capacity beyond reckoning; yet Heaven and earth are bright and mountains and rivers receive all—one meager gift became sought, one small good was lifted—therefore I could leave the field and garden and take up brush in the Rabbit Garden. I floated east on the Three Rivers and west on the Seven Marshes; parting and joining under campaign banners, at ease in banquet talk. Long robe trailing day by day, rear carriage loaded with grease; glory standing in the headquarters hall, favor added to my face; hair washed in the morning sun, the shore not yet measured; hand on breast speaking repayment, sworn early in flesh and bone. I did not yet see the blue sea crossed when the wave-subject already scattered; the Bohai Sea was just in spring, yet the traveler's wing had already withered. That clear and close lodge of the headquarters, the old hut now lonely; light boat turning back upstream, I mourn my shadow left alone. White clouds hang in the sky and the Dragon Gate is unseen; virtue departed grows ever longer, and thought of virtue grows ever deeper. I only wait until the blue river comes into view and the returning boat can be awaited at the spring ford; when the vermilion residence opens wide, I will offer my humble heart like autumn fruit. If hairpin and shoes still remain and mat and seat are unchanged, though my body may fill ditch and gully, I still hope my wife and children will know the way home. Gathering tears to take my leave, grief came flooding in. At the time a messenger from Jing Province was waiting; Tiao took brush and finished at once, the text without a dot changed.
40
以本官兼尚書殿中郎。 隆昌初，敕朓接北使，朓自以口訥，啟讓，見許。 明帝輔政，以為驃騎諮議，領記室，掌霸府文筆。 又掌中書詔誥，轉中書郎。
With his original office he became also Gentleman of the Palace Department of the Masters of Writing. At the beginning of Longchang an order had Tiao receive the northern envoys; Tiao himself thought his speech slow and memorialized to decline; permission became granted. When Emperor Ming assisted in government, Tiao became made Staff Officer to the Cavalry General and Recorder, in charge of the hegemon's office writing. He likewise managed Secretariat edicts and proclamations, then transferred to Gentleman of the Secretariat.
41
出為晉安王鎮北諮議、南東海太守，行南徐州事。 啟王敬則反謀，上甚賞之，遷尚書吏部郎。 朓上表三讓。 中書疑朓官未及讓，以問國子祭酒沈約。 約曰：「宋元嘉中，范曄讓吏部，朱修之讓黃門，蔡興宗讓中書，並三表詔答。 近代小官不讓，遂成恒俗，恐有乖讓意。 王藍田、劉安西並貴重，初自不讓，今豈可慕此不讓邪？ 孫興公、孔覬並讓記室，今豈可三署皆讓邪？ 謝吏部今授超階，讓別有意，豈關官之大小。 撝謙之美，本出人情，若大官必讓，便與詣闕章表不異。 例既如此，謂都非疑。」 朓讓，優答不許。
This man went out as Staff Officer to Prince Jin'an's Pacification of the North and Administrator of East Sea, acting for South Xuzhou. This man reported Wang Jingze's plot to rebel; the Emperor greatly praised him and promoted him to Director of the Ministry of Personnel. Tiao memorialized three times to decline the appointment. That Secretariat doubted Tiao's office had not yet reached the point of declining and asked Grand Master of the National University Shen Yue. Yue said, "In Song's Yuanjia era, Fan Ye declined the Ministry of Personnel, Zhu Xiuzhi declined the Yellow Gate, and Cai Xingzong declined the Secretariat—all three memorials received edict replies. I fear this goes against the intent of yielding.; in recent times small offices do not decline—it has become constant custom Wang Lantian and Liu Anxi were both men of weight and from the first never declined—how can one now take this refusal to decline as a model? Sun Xinggong and Kong Xian both declined the recorder post—how can all three offices now be declined? The decline has a separate intent—not related to the size of the office.; director Xie now receives a leap in rank That beauty of yielding comes from human feeling; if great offices must decline, it is no different from memorials at the palace gate. That precedents being thus, I say there is no doubt in the matter. A gracious reply did not permit.; tiao declined
42
朓善草隸，長五言詩，沈約常云：「二百年來無此詩也」。 敬皇后遷祔山陵，朓撰哀策文，齊世莫有及者。
Tiao became skilled in draft clerical script and long pentasyllabic poetry; Shen Yue often said, "In two hundred years there has been no poetry like this. When the Honored Empress became moved to join the mountain tomb, Tiao composed the lamentation text; in the Qi age none matched him.
43
東昏失德，江祏欲立江夏王寶玄，末更回惑，與弟祀密謂朓曰：「江夏年少，脫不堪，不可復行廢立。 始安年長入纂，不乖物望。 非以此要富貴，只求安國家爾。」 遙光又遣親人劉渢致意於朓。 朓自以受恩明帝，不肯答。 少日，遙光以朓兼知衛尉事，朓懼見引，即以祏等謀告左興盛，又說劉暄曰：「始安一旦南面，則劉渢、劉晏居卿今地，但以卿為反復人爾。」 暄陽驚，馳告始安王及江祏。 始安欲出朓為東陽郡，祏固執不與。 先是，朓常輕祏為人，祏常詣朓，朓因言有一詩，呼左右取，既而便停。 祏問其故，云：「定復不急」。 祏以為輕己。 後祏及弟祀、劉渢、劉晏俱候朓，朓謂祏曰：「可謂帶二江之雙流」，以嘲弄之。 祏轉不堪，至是構而害之。 詔暴其過惡，收付廷尉。 又使御史中丞範岫奏收朓，下獄死，時年三十六。 臨終謂門賓曰：「寄語沈公，君方為三代史，亦不得見沒。」
At the time when Emperor Donghun lost virtue, Jiang Shi wished to establish Prince BaoXuan of Jiangxia; later he wavered again and secretly told Tiao with his brother Si, "Prince Jiangxia is young; if he cannot bear it, we cannot again carry out deposition and establishment. Prince Shi'an is older and would succeed—he would not go against what the world expects. We do not seek wealth and rank by this—we only want to settle the state. Yaoguang also sent his confidant Liu Wen to convey his meaning to Tiao. Tiao, believing himself indebted to Emperor Ming, refused to answer. After a few days Yaoguang had Tiao also manage the Commandant of the Guard's affairs; Tiao feared being drawn in and reported the plot of Shi and the others to Zuo Xingsheng, and also told Liu Xuan, "If Prince Shi'an faces south one day, Liu Wen and Liu Yan will occupy your present posts—you will only be counted a turncoat. Xuan feigned alarm and rode posthaste to inform Prince Shi'an and Jiang Shi. Shi firmly would not allow it.; prince Shi'an wished to send Tiao out as Administrator of Dongyang Earlier Tiao often looked down on Shi; Shi often visited Tiao; Tiao then said he had a poem, called attendants to fetch it, then stopped. Shi asked why; he said, "It surely is not urgent. Shi took this as a slight against himself. Later Shi and his brother Si, Liu Wen, and Liu Yan all waited on Tiao; Tiao said to Shi, "One may call this the twin streams carrying two rivers," mocking them. At this he framed him and had him killed.; shi became ever more unable to bear it An edict proclaimed his crimes; he became seized and handed to the Court of Judicial Review. That Censor-in-Chief Fan Xiu also memorialized to seize Tiao; he was imprisoned and executed; he was thirty-six. At the point of death he told gate guests, "Tell Master Shen: you are about to write history for three dynasties—you must not let me be erased.
44
初，朓告王敬則反，敬則女為朓妻，常懷刀欲報朓，朓不敢相見。 及當拜吏部，謙挹尤甚，尚書郎范縝嘲之曰：「卿人才無慚小選，但恨不可刑于寡妻。」 朓有愧色。 及臨誅，歎曰：「天道其不可昧乎！ 我雖不殺王公，王公因我而死。」
Before this, when Tiao reported Wang Jingze's rebellion, Jingze's daughter was Tiao's wife and always kept a knife wanting to avenge Tiao; Tiao did not dare meet her. When he was about to be appointed to the Ministry of Personnel his modesty was especially deep; Gentleman Fan Zhen mocked him, "Your talent is nothing to shame a small selection—but alas, you cannot discipline your few wife. Tiao flushed with shame. "Heaven's way—can it be obscured?, facing execution he sighed Although I did not kill Lord Wang, Lord Wang died because of me.
45
朓好獎人才，會稽孔覬粗有才筆，未為時知，孔珪嘗令草讓表以示朓。 朓嗟吟良久，手自折簡寫之，謂珪曰：「士子聲名未立，應共獎成，無惜齒牙餘論。」 其好善如此。
Tiao loved to reward talent; Kuaiji's Kong Xian had rough talent with the brush and was not yet known; Kong Gui once had him draft a decline memorial to show Tiao. Tiao chanted long and personally folded bamboo and wrote it out, telling Gui, "When a gentleman's fame is not yet established, we should together help him succeed—do not spare the leftover talk of teeth. His love of good became like this.
46
朓及殷叡素與梁武以文章相得，帝以大女永興公主適叡子鈞，第二女永世公主適朓子謨。 及帝為雍州，二女並暫隨母向州。 及武帝即位，二主始隨內還。 武帝意薄謨，又以門單，欲更適張弘策子，弘策卒，又以與王志子諲。 而謨不堪歎恨，為書狀如詩贈主。 主以呈帝，甚蒙矜歎，而婦終不得還。 尋用謨為信安縣，稍遷王府諮議。 時以為沈約早與朓善，為制此書云。
The Emperor gave his eldest daughter Princess Yongxing to Rui's son Jun and his second daughter Princess Yongshi to Tiao's son Mo.; tiao and Yin Rui from of old were joined with Emperor Wu of Liang through literature When the Emperor became Governor of Yong Province, both daughters temporarily followed their mother to the province. When Emperor Wu took the throne, both princesses then returned to court. The emperor's regard for Mo was thin, and because the gate was single he wished to remarry her to Zhang Hongce's son; when Hongce died, he again gave her to Wang Zhi's son Yin. Mo could not bear the sigh of regret and wrote a letter in prose like poetry to the princess. That princess presented it to the Emperor; he greatly pitied and praised it, yet the wife never returned. Soon Mo was made Magistrate of Xin'an County, then gradually promoted to Staff Officer to the Prince's establishment. Then people thought Shen Yue early befriended Tiao and composed this letter.
47
從祖弟方明
The father's younger cousin's younger brother, Fangming
48
謝方明，裕從祖弟也。 祖鐵字鐵石，位永嘉太守。 父沖字秀度，中書郎，家在會稽，病歸，為孫恩所殺，贈散騎常侍。 方明隨伯父吳興太守邈在郡。 孫恩寇會稽，東土諸郡回應，吳興人胡桀、郜驃破東遷縣，方明勸邈避之，不從，賊至被害，方明逃免。
Xie Fangming became Yu's father's younger cousin's younger brother. Grandfather Tie, styled Tieshi, served as Administrator of Yongjia. Father Chong, courtesy name Xiudu, was Gentleman of the Secretariat; his family was in Kuaiji; he returned home ill and was killed by Sun En; posthumously titled Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry. Fangming followed his uncle Wuxing Administrator Miao in the commandery. Sun En raided Kuaiji; the eastern commanderies responded; Wu men Hu Jie and Gao Biao broke Dongqian County; Fangming urged Miao to avoid them but he would not listen; when bandits arrived Miao became killed and Fangming escaped.
49
初，邈舅子長樂馮嗣之及北方學士馮翊仇玄達俱投邈，禮待甚簡，二人並恨，遂與恩通謀。 劉牢之、謝琰等討恩，恩走臨海，嗣之等不得同去，方更聚合。 方明體素羸弱，而勇決過人，結邈門生討嗣之等，悉禽手刃之。 時亂後吉凶禮廢，方明合門遇禍，資產無遺，而營舉凶功盡力，數月葬送並畢，平世備禮無以加也。 頃之，孫恩重陷會稽，謝琰見害，因購方明甚急。 方明于上虞載母妹奔東陽，由黃櫱嶠出鄱陽，附載還都，寄居國子學。 流離險厄，屯苦備經，而貞履之操，在約無改。
Before this, Miao's sister's son Feng Sizhi of Changle and northern scholar Qiu Xuanda of Fufeng both came to Miao; they were treated with very simple courtesy and both resented it; they then conspired with En. En fled to Linhai; liu Laozhi and Xie Yan and others attacked En Fangming's body became always frail and weak, yet his courage and decisiveness surpassed others; he gathered Miao's gate students to attack Sizhi and the others and captured them all, personally beheading them. Then after the chaos the rites of fortune and mourning were abandoned; Fangming's whole gate met disaster and not an asset remained, yet he managed funeral work with all his strength; within months burial and sending-off were complete—peaceful-age full rites could not surpass it. Before long, Sun En again took Kuaiji; Xie Yan was killed; En therefore put a high price on Fangming's head. At Shangyu Fangming loaded his mother and younger sister and fled to Dongyang; by Huangbo Ridge he came out to Poyang, took passage back to the capital, and lodged at the Imperial Academy. Wandering through peril and hardship, he endured every kind of trial, yet his steadfast conduct in straitened circumstances never wavered.
50
桓玄克建鄴，丹陽尹卞範之勢傾朝野，欲以女嫁方明，方明終不回。 桓玄聞而賞之，即除著作佐郎。 後從兄景仁舉為宋武中軍主簿，方明知無不為，帝謂曰：「愧未有瓜衍之賞，且當與卿共豫章國祿。」 屢加賞賜。
When Huan Xuan took Jiankang, Acting Danyang Governor Bian Fanzhi's power tilted court and countryside; he wished to marry his daughter to Fangming but Fangming never yielded. Huan Xuan heard and praised this; he became at once made Assistant Editor in the Editorial Office. Later his elder cousin Jingren recommended him as Chief Clerk to Emperor Wu's Central Army; Fangming left nothing undone in what he knew; the Emperor said, "I am ashamed not to have a Guayan reward—yet I will share with you the revenue of Yuzhang Commandery. He was repeatedly rewarded.
51
方明嚴恪，善自居遇，雖暗室未嘗有惰容。 從兄混有重名，唯歲節朝拜而已。 丹陽尹劉穆之權重當時，朝野輻湊，其不至者唯混、方明、郗僧施、蔡廓四人而已。 穆之甚恨。 及混等誅後，方明、廓來往造穆之，穆之大悅，白武帝曰：「謝方明可謂名家駒，及蔡廓直置並台鼎人，無論復有才用。」 頃之，轉從事中郎，仍為左將軍道憐長史，武帝令府中眾事皆諮決之。 府轉為中軍長史，尋加晉陵太守，復為驃騎長史、南郡相，委任如初。 嘗年終，江陵縣獄囚事無輕重，悉放歸家，使過正三日還到，罪重者二十餘人，綱紀以下莫不疑懼。 時晉陵郡送故主簿弘季咸、徐壽之並隨在西，固諫，以為昔人雖有其事，或是記籍過言，且當今人情偽薄，不可以古義相許。 方明不納，一時遣之。 囚及父兄並驚喜涕泣，以為就死無恨。 至期有重罪一人醉不能歸，違二日乃反。 餘一囚十日不來，五官朱幹期請見，欲自討之。 方明知為囚事，使左右謝五官不須入，囚自當反。 囚逡巡墟裏，不能自歸，鄉村責讓率領將送，竟無逃者。 遠近嘆服焉。
Fangming became stern and strict, good at conducting himself; even in a dark room he never had a lazy face. His elder cousin Hun had heavy fame; Fangming only paid New Year and festival respects. Acting Danyang Governor Liu Muzhi's power weighed on the age; court and countryside thronged—those who did not come were only Hun, Fangming, Xi Sengshi, and Cai Kuo. Muzhi resented this deeply. When Hun and the others were executed, Fangming and Kuo came to visit Muzhi; Muzhi became greatly pleased and told Emperor Wu, "Xie Fangming can be called a colt of a famous house, and Cai Kuo straight placed are both tower-and-tripod men, to say nothing of further talent. Before long, he transferred to Attendant Gentleman and was again Chief Clerk to the Left General Daolian, and the Emperor ordered that all headquarters affairs be referred to him for decision. That headquarters became Central Army Chief Clerk; soon he was also Administrator of Jinling, then again Chief Clerk to the Cavalry General and Chancellor of Nan Commandery, entrusted as before. Once at year's end he released all Jiangling County prisoners regardless of offense gravity to return home, to come back after the first month for three days; more than twenty had heavy crimes; clerks below the warden all doubted and feared. Then Jinling Commandery sent former Chief Clerk Hong Jixian and Xu Shouzhi, who followed in the west, and they firmly remonstrated, saying though men of old had such a thing, it might be excessive words in records; moreover present human feeling is false and thin—it cannot be promised on ancient meaning. Fangming would not hear of it and sent them all home at once. Prisoners and fathers and elder brothers wept in surprise and joy, thinking to die without regret. When the term came one with heavy crime became drunk and could not return; he was two days late before he came back. One other prisoner did not return for ten days; Fifth Officer Zhu Ganqi asked to see Fangming, wanting to punish himself. Fangming knew it became a prisoner matter and had attendants tell the Fifth Officer not to enter—the prisoner would return on his own. That prisoner wandered in the hamlet and could not bring himself to return; village people reproached and led him to deliver him—there were none who fled. People near and far sighed in admiration.
52
宋武帝受命，位侍中，丹陽尹，有能名。 轉會稽太守。 江東人戶殷盛，風俗峻刻，強弱相陵，奸吏蜂起，符書一下，文攝相續。 方明深達政體，不拘文法，闊略苛細，務在統領。 貴族豪士，莫敢犯禁。 除比伍之坐，判久系之獄。 前後征伐，每兵運不充，悉倩士庶，事寧皆使還本。 而守宰不明，與奪乖謬，人事不至，必被抑塞。 方明簡汰精當，各順所宜，東土稱詠之。 性尤愛惜人物，未嘗有所是非。 承代前人，不易其政； 必宜改者，則漸變使無跡可尋。 卒官。
When Emperor Wu received Heaven's mandate, Fangming held Palace Attendant and Acting Governor of Danyang and had a reputation for capacity. He moved on to Administrator of Kuaiji. East of the river households were abundant; customs were harsh and cutting; strong oppressed weak; corrupt clerks swarmed; when a warrant came down, documents of seizure followed in succession. Fangming deeply understood the body of governance; he became not bound by written law, broadly passed over harsh minutiae, and aimed at overall command. Nobles and powerful families did not dare break the law. This man removed collective punishment of neighbors and judged long-imprisoned cases. In repeated campaigns whenever military transport became insufficient he borrowed gentry and commoners; when affairs ended he always sent them back to their origins. Yet the guarding administrators were not clear and their grants and withholdings went awry; human affairs did not reach and one became sure to be blocked. Fangming sifted and chose with precision; each followed what became fitting; the eastern lands praised and chanted this. By nature he especially cherished people; he never had right or wrong toward anyone. This man succeeded predecessors and did not change their policies; where change became necessary he gradually altered so no trace could be found. He died in office.
53
子惠連
The son, Huilian
54
子惠連，年十歲能屬文，族兄靈運嘉賞之，云：「每有篇章，對惠連輒得佳語」。 嘗於永嘉西堂思詩，竟日不就，忽夢見惠連，即得「池塘生春草」，大以為工。 常云：「此語有神功，非吾語也」。 本州辟主簿，不就。
His son Huilian at ten could compose prose; clansman elder brother Lingyun praised him, saying, "Whenever I have a piece, facing Huilian I always get a fine line. Once at Yongjia's Western Hall he became thinking on a poem; all day he did not finish; suddenly he dreamed of Huilian and at once obtained "Pond bank births spring grass"; he greatly thought it skilled. This man often said, "This line has divine power—it is not my words. That province summoned him as Chief Clerk; he did not accept.
55
惠連先愛幸會稽郡吏杜德靈，及居父憂，贈以五言詩十餘首，「乘流遵歸路。」 諸篇是也。 坐廢不豫榮位。 尚書僕射殷景仁愛其才，言次白文帝，言：「臣小兒時便見此文，而論者雲是惠連，其實非也」。 文帝曰：「若此便應通之。」 元嘉七年，方為司徒彭城王義康法曹行參軍。 義康修東府城，城塹中得古塚，為之改葬，使惠連為祭文，留信待成，其文甚美。 又為雪賦，以高麗見奇。 靈運見其新文，每曰：「張華重生，不能易也「。 文章並行於世，年三十七卒。 既早亡，輕薄多尤累，故官不顯。 無子。 惠連弟惠宣，位臨川太守。
Huilian first loved and became favored by Kuaiji Commandery clerk Du Deling; when in mourning for his father he gave him more than ten pentasyllabic poems, "Following the current, keeping to the homeward road. Those were the pieces. For this he became disgraced and did not participate in honored rank. Vice Director Yin Jingren loved his talent and in conversation told Emperor Wen, "In my small childhood I already saw this writing, and debaters said it was Huilian's—it was actually not. Emperor Wen said, "If that is so, he should be cleared. In Yuanjia year seven he was made Army Registrar on Prince Yikang of Pengcheng's Law Office staff. Yikang repaired the Eastern Headquarters city wall; in the moat an ancient tomb became found; he had it reburied and had Huilian compose the sacrificial text; he kept a messenger waiting for it to be finished—the text was very beautiful. He likewise composed "Rhapsody on Snow," noted for its loftiness and beauty. Seeing Huilian's new writing, Lingyun always said, "If Zhang Hua were reborn, he could not change a word. He died at thirty-seven.; his writings circulated together in the world Having died young, with many frivolous faults and encumbrances, his office became not conspicuous. He had no son. Huilian's younger brother Huixuan served as Administrator of Linchuan.
56
謝靈運
Xie Lingyun
57
謝靈運，安西將軍弈之曾孫而方明從子也。 祖玄，晉車騎將軍。 父瑍，生而不慧，位秘書郎，早亡。 靈運幼便穎悟，玄甚異之。 謂親知曰：「我乃生瑍，瑍兒何為不及我。」
Xie Lingyun became great-grandson of General Who Pacifies the West Yi and Fangming's father's younger cousin's son. His grandfather Xuan served as Cavalry General under Jin. Father Min was dull from birth, served as Secretary Lang, and died young. Lingyun from childhood was sharp and understanding; Xuan greatly marveled at him. He told kin and friends, "I produced Min—how is Min's son not my equal?
58
靈運少好學，博覽群書，文章之美，與顏延之為江左第一。 縱橫俊發過於延之，深密則不如也。 從叔混特知愛之。 襲封康樂公，以國公例除員外散騎侍郎，不就。 為琅邪王大司馬行參軍。 性豪侈，車服鮮麗，衣物多改舊形制，世共宗之，咸稱謝康樂也。 累遷秘書丞，坐事免。
Lingyun from childhood loved learning, ranged through many books; the beauty of his writing, with Yan Yanzhi, was first in the Jiangzuo region. In depth and density he did not match.; in horizontal sweep and brilliant outpouring he surpassed Yanzhi His father's younger cousin Hun took special knowledge and love of him. This man inherited enfeoffment as Duke of Kangle; by the precedent for a state duke he was appointed Extraordinary Gentleman of Scattered Cavalry but did not accept. He served as Army Registrar on the Grand Marshal staff of the Prince of Langye. By nature he was extravagant; carriage and dress were fresh and gorgeous; clothing often changed old forms; the world together took him as model and all called him Xie Kangle. He rose to Secretary Director and was dismissed for an offense.
59
宋武帝在長安，靈運為世子中軍諮議、黃門侍郎，奉使慰勞武帝于彭城，作撰征賦。 後為相國從事中郎，世子左衛率，坐輒殺門生免官。 宋受命，降公爵為侯，又為太子左衛率。
When Emperor Wu of Song became at Chang'an, Lingyun was Staff Officer to the Heir Apparent's Central Army and Gentleman of the Yellow Gate; he was sent as envoy to comfort Emperor Wu at Pengcheng and composed "Rhapsody on Composing the Expedition. Later he was Attendant Gentleman on the Chancellor's staff and Left Commandant of the Heir Apparent's Guard, then dismissed for summarily killing a gate student. When Song received Heaven's mandate, his ducal rank became reduced to marquis; he was again Left Commandant of the Heir Apparent's Guard.
60
靈運多愆禮度，朝廷唯以文義處之，不以應實相許。 自謂才能宜參權要，既不見知，常懷憤惋。 廬陵王義真少好文籍，與靈運情款異常。 少帝即位，權在大臣，靈運構扇異同，非毀執政，司徒徐羨之等患之，出為永嘉太守。 郡有名山水，靈運素所愛好。 出守既不得志，遂肆意遊遨，遍曆諸縣，動踰旬朔。 理人聽訟，不復關懷，所至輒為詩詠以致其意。
Lingyun often transgressed ritual measure; the court only treated him for literary gifts and did not promise him real office. This man himself thought his talent should share in power; not being recognized, he always harbored anger and resentment. Prince Yizhen of Luling from youth loved literature and was exceptionally close to Lingyun. When Emperor Shao took the throne, power lay with great ministers; Lingyun stirred faction and slandered those in power; Minister of Education Xu Xianzhi and others were troubled and sent him out as Administrator of Yongjia. That commandery had famous mountains and waters that Lingyun had always loved. Denied the aims he sought in office, he roamed at will, traversing every county, often absent for ten days or a month at a time. Governing people and hearing lawsuits no longer held him; wherever he went he composed poetry to express his intent.
61
在郡一周，稱疾去職，從弟晦、曜、弘微等並與書止之，不從。 靈運父祖並葬始寧縣，並有故宅及墅，遂移籍會稽，修營舊業。 傍山帶江，盡幽居之美。 與隱士王弘之、孔淳之等放蕩為娛，有終焉之志。 每有一首詩至都下，貴賤莫不競寫，宿昔間士庶皆遍，名動都下。 作山居賦，並自注以言其事。
After one year in the commandery he claimed illness and left office; younger cousins Hui, Yao, Hongwei, and others all wrote to stop him; he would not listen. Lingyun's father and grandfather were both buried in Shining County and there were old residences and villas; he moved his registration to Kuaiji and repaired the old estate. Beside mountains and embracing rivers, he possessed the utmost beauty of secluded dwelling. With recluses Wang Hongzhi, Kong Chunzhi, and others he roamed freely for pleasure and meant to end his days there. Whenever a poem reached the capital, noble and base all competed to copy it; within a night gentry and commoners all had it—his name shook the capital. He composed "Rhapsody on Mountain Dwelling" and annotated it himself to tell its affairs.
62
文帝誅徐羨之等，徵為秘書監，再召不起。 使光祿大夫范泰與書敦獎，乃出。 使整秘閣書遺闕，又令撰晉書，粗立條流，書竟不就。 尋遷侍中，賞遇甚厚。 靈運詩書皆兼獨絕，每文竟，手自寫之，文帝稱為二寶。 既自以名輩，應參時政，至是唯以文義見接，每侍上宴，談賞而已。 王曇首、王華、殷景仁等名位素不踰之，並見任遇，意既不平，多稱疾不朝直。 穿池植援，種竹樹果，驅課公役，無復期度。 出郭遊行，或一百六七十里，經旬不歸。 既無表聞，又不請急。 上不欲傷大臣，諷旨令自解。 靈運表陳疾，賜假東歸。 將行，上書勸伐河北。 而遊娛宴集，以夜續晝。 復為御史中丞傅隆奏免官，是歲，元嘉五年也。
When Emperor Wen executed Xu Xianzhi and the others, Lingyun became summoned as Director of the Secretariat; twice summoned he did not rise. Grand Master of Splendid Happiness Fan Tai became sent with a letter to urge and reward him; then he came out. This man was ordered to put in order the Secretariat's missing books and also to compile the History of Jin; he roughly set the categories and flow but the book was not completed. Before long, he was transferred to Palace Attendant and favored very generously. Lingyun's poetry and calligraphy were both uniquely supreme; whenever a piece became finished he personally wrote it out; Emperor Wen called them two treasures. This man himself thought that by fame and generation he should share in current governance; now he was only received for literary meaning; whenever he attended the Emperor at banquets it was talk and praise only. Wang Tan Shou, Wang Hua, Yin Jingren, and others in name and rank had never surpassed him yet all received trust and favor; his intent became not equal and he often claimed illness and did not attend regular court. He dug pools and planted screens, bamboo, trees, and fruit, and drove corvée labor without any schedule. Roaming outside the city, sometimes one hundred sixty or seventy li; for ten days or more he did not return. He neither memorialized nor requested urgent leave. The emperor did not wish to harm a great minister and hinted that he should resign himself. Lingyun memorialized stating illness and became granted leave to return east. About to leave, he submitted a memorial urging a campaign north of the Yellow River. Yet he still roamed and feasted, carrying day on into night. Again Censor-in-Chief Fu Long memorialized to dismiss him from office; that year became the fifth year of Yuanjia.
63
靈運既東，與族弟惠連、東海何長瑜、潁川荀雍、泰山羊璿之以文章賞會，共為山澤之游，時人謂之四友。 惠連幼有奇才，不為父方明所知。 靈運去永嘉還始甯，時方明為會稽，靈運造方明，遇惠連，大相知賞。 靈運性無所推，唯重惠連，與為刎頸交。 時何長瑜教惠連讀書，亦在郡內，靈運又以為絕倫。 謂方明曰：「阿連才悟如此，而尊作常兒遇之； 長瑜當今仲宣，而飴以下客之食。 尊既不能禮賢，宜以長瑜還靈運。」 載之而去。 荀雍字道雍，官至員外散騎郎。 璿之字曜璠，為臨川內史，被司空竟陵王誕所遇，誕敗坐誅。 長瑜才亞惠連，雍、璿之不及也。 臨川王義慶招集文士，長瑜自國侍郎至平西記室參軍。 嘗于江陵寄書與宗人何勖，以韻語序義慶州府僚佐云：「陸展染白髮，欲以媚側室，青青不解久，星星行復出。」 如此者五六句。 而輕薄少年遂演之，凡人士並為題目，皆加劇言苦句，其文流行。 義慶大怒，白文帝，除廣州所統曾城令。 及義慶薨，朝士並詣第敘哀，何勖謂袁淑曰：「長瑜便可還也。」 淑曰：「國新喪宗英，未宜以流人為念。」 廬陵王紹鎮尋陽，以長瑜為南中郎行參軍，掌書記之任。 行至板橋，遇暴風溺死。
Lingyun having gone east, with clansman Huilian, Donghai's He Changyu, Yingchuan's Xun Yong, and Taishan's Yang Xuanzhi he joined in literary appreciation and roamed mountains and marshes together; men of the time called them the Four Friends. Huilian from childhood had extraordinary talent and was not known by his father Fangming. Lingyun left Yongjia and returned to Shining; Fangming was then in Kuaiji; Lingyun visited Fangming, met Huilian, and they greatly knew and prized each other. By nature Lingyun deferred to no one, yet he especially prized Huilian and with him made a throat-cutting friendship. Then He Changyu taught Huilian to read and was also in the commandery; Lingyun also thought him unmatched. "A-Lian's talent and understanding are like this, yet you treat him as an ordinary child;, he said to Fangming Changyu today is a Zhongxuan, yet you feed him as a low guest. Since you cannot treat the worthy with proper rites, you ought to return Changyu to Lingyun. This man loaded him and went away. Xun Yong, courtesy name Daoyong, rose to Extraordinary Gentleman of Scattered Cavalry. Yang Xuanzhi, courtesy name Yaofan, was Interior Administrator of Linchuan; he was favored by Minister of Works Prince Ziliang of Jingling; when the prince was defeated he was put to death as associate. Changyu's talent became next to Huilian; Yong and Xuanzhi did not match. Changyu went from State Attendant Gentleman to Recorder on the Pacification of the West staff.; prince Yiqing of Linchuan gathered literary men Once at Jiangling he sent a letter to clansman He Xun, using rhymed language to sequence Yiqing's provincial staff: "Lu Zhan dyes white hair wanting to please the side chamber; green-green does not understand long-lasting—stars stars will again come out. There were five or six such lines. Frivolous young men then expanded it; every gentleman became made a subject, all with harsh bitter lines added; the writing circulated. Yiqing became greatly angered, told Emperor Wen, and Changyu was sent out as Magistrate of Zengcheng under Guangzhou. After Yiqing died, court gentlemen all went to the residence to express mourning; He Xun said to Yuan Shu, "Changyu can now return. Shu said, "The state has just lost its pillar of the clan—it is not yet time to think of bringing back an exile." Prince Shao of Luling garrisoned Xunyang and appointed Changyu Army Registrar on the Central Army, putting him in charge of secretarial duties. At the time when the route reached Banqiao he met violent wind and drowned.
64
靈運因祖父之資，生業甚厚，奴僮既眾，義故門生數百，鑿山浚湖，功役無已。 尋山陟嶺，必造幽峻，岩嶂數十重，莫不備盡。 登躡常著木屐，上山則去其前齒，下山去其後齒。 嘗自始甯南山伐木開徑，直至臨海，從者數百。 臨海太守王琇驚駭，謂為山賊，末知靈運乃安。 又要琇更進，琇不肯。 靈運贈琇詩曰：「邦君難地嶮，旅客易山行。」 在會稽亦多從眾，驚動縣邑。 太守孟顗事佛精懇，而為靈運所輕，嘗謂顗曰：「得道應須慧業，丈人生天當在靈運前，成佛必在靈運後。」 顗深恨此言。 又與王弘之諸人出千秋亭飲酒，裸身大呼，顗深不堪，遣信相聞。 靈運大怒曰：「身自大呼，何關癡人事。」
Lingyun by his grandfather's resources lived in great wealth; slaves and servants were many and retainers and gate students numbered in the hundreds; he dug mountains and dredged lakes—labor without end. Seeking mountains and climbing ridges, he always reached secluded steep places; dozens of layers of cliffs and peaks—none went unexplored. When climbing he always wore wooden clogs, removing the front teeth for ascent and the rear teeth for descent. Followers numbered in the hundreds.; once from Shining's southern mountains he cut timber and opened a path straight to Linhai Linhai Administrator Wang Xiu became alarmed and thought them mountain bandits; only when he learned it was Lingyun was he reassured. This man again wanted Xiu to advance further; Xiu would not. Lingyun gave Xiu a poem: "The state's lord finds the terrain perilous—the traveler finds mountain travel easy. In Kuaiji too he often traveled with a large party and alarmed the districts. Administrator Meng Yi was earnest in Buddhist devotion yet was looked down on by Lingyun; he once told Yi, "Attaining the Way requires wisdom-karma; you, sir, will be born in heaven before Lingyun, yet become Buddha after Lingyun. Yi deeply resented the remark. Naked he shouted loudly; again with Wang Hongzhi and others he went out to the Thousand Autumns Pavilion to drink "I myself shout loudly—what business is it of foolish men?, lingyun was greatly angered and said
65
會稽東郭有回踵湖，靈運求決以為田，文帝令州郡履行。 此湖去郭近，水物所出，百姓惜之，顗堅執不與。 靈運既不得回踵，又求始寧休崲湖為田，顗又固執。 靈運謂顗非存利人，政慮決湖多害生命，言論傷之。 與顗遂隙。 因靈運橫恣，表其異志，發兵自防，露板上言。 靈運馳詣闕上表，自陳本末。 文帝知其見誣，不罪也。 不欲復使東歸，以為臨川內史。
East of Kuaiji's outer city was Huizong Lake; Lingyun sought to drain it for fields; Emperor Wen ordered the province and commanderies to investigate. This lake became near the city; aquatic products came from it; common people cherished it; Yi firmly would not give it. Denied Huizong, Lingyun again sought to drain Shining's Xiqi Lake for fields; Yi again firmly resisted. His talk wounded him.; lingyun said Yi did not store up benefit for people but only feared draining lakes would harm many lives He and Yi then fell out. Because Lingyun became overbearing and willful, Yi memorialized his rebellious intent, raised troops for self-defense, and proclaimed on an exposed board. Lingyun rode posthaste to the palace and submitted a memorial explaining the whole affair from start to finish. Emperor Wen knew he became slandered and did not punish him. Not wishing to send him east again, he became made Interior Administrator of Linchuan.
66
在郡遊放，不異永嘉，為有司所糾。 司徒遣使隨州從事鄭望生收靈運。 靈運興兵叛逸，遂有逆志。 為詩曰：「韓亡子房奮，秦帝魯連恥，本自江海人，忠義感君子。」 追討禽之，送廷尉，廷尉論正斬刑。 上愛其才，欲免官而已。 彭城王義康堅執，謂不宜恕。 詔以「謝玄勳參微管，宜宥及後嗣，降死徙廣州」。
In the commandery he roamed freely no different from Yongjia and became impeached by the relevant offices. That Minister of Education sent an envoy with the provincial aide Zheng Wangsheng to seize Lingyun. Then he had rebellious intent.; lingyun raised troops and rebelled in flight This man composed a poem saying, "Han fell and Zifang rose, Qin Emperor—Lu Lian's shame; originally men of rivers and seas, loyalty and righteousness move the noble man. Pursued and captured, he became sent to the Court of Judicial Review; the Court of Judicial Review judged death by decapitation. The emperor loved his talent and wished only to dismiss him from office. Prince Yikang of Pengcheng held firm that he ought not be pardoned. An edict said, "Xie Xuan's merit participated in subtle governance; favor should extend to later generations; death reduced—banished to Guangzhou."
67
後秦郡府將宋齊受使至塗口，行達桃墟村，見有七人下路聚語，疑非常人，還告郡縣，遣兵隨齊掩討禽之。 其一人姓趙名欽，云：「同村薛道雙先與靈運共事，道雙因同村成國報欽云：'靈運犯事徙廣州，給錢令買弓箭刀楯等物，使道雙要合鄉里健兒于三江口篡之。 若得志如意後，功勞是同。 遂合部党要謝不得，及還饑饉，緣路為劫。 '」有司奏收之，文帝詔于廣州棄市。 臨死作詩曰：「龔勝無餘生，李業有終盡，嵇公理既迫，霍生命亦殞。」 所稱龔勝、李業，猶前詩子房、魯連之意也。 時元嘉十年，年四十九。 所著文章傳於世。
Afterward, Qin Commandery garrison commander Song Qi, on mission to Tukou, on the road reached Taoxu Village and saw seven men leave the road gathering to talk; he suspected they were not ordinary men, returned and told the commandery and county, and troops followed Qi to seize them. One man surnamed Zhao named Qin said, "Fellow villager Xue Daoshuang first worked with Lingyun; Daoshuang through fellow villager Chen Guo told Qin: 'Lingyun offended and was exiled to Guangzhou, gave money ordering purchase of bows, arrows, blades, shields, and the like, and had Daoshuang gather stalwart men of the village at Sanjiangkou to seize him. If their ambition was afterward attained as they wished, merit and labor would be shared alike. They then combined a faction to waylay Xie but could not; on return there became famine and along the road they turned to robbery. That relevant offices memorialized to seize him; Emperor Wen's edict was execution by public display in Guangzhou. Facing death he composed a poem: "Gong Sheng had no surplus life, Li Ye had final end; Ji Kang's principle was already pressed, Huo's life also perished. That Gong Sheng and Li Ye he named still carried the intent of Zifang and Lu Lian in the earlier poem. Then it was the tenth year of Yuanjia; he was forty-nine. The writings he left circulated in the world.
68
孟顗字彥重，平昌安丘人，衛將軍昶弟也。 昶、顗並美風姿，時人謂之雙珠。 昶貴盛，顗不就辟。 昶死後，顗曆侍中、僕射、太子詹事、散騎常侍、左光祿大夫。 嘗就徐羨之因敘關、洛中事，顗歎劉穆之終後便無繼者，王弘亦在，甚不平，曰：「昔魏朝酷重張合，謂不可一日無之。 及合死，何關興廢？」 顗不悅，眾賓笑而釋之。 後卒于會稽太守。
Meng Yi, courtesy name Yanzhong, came from Anqiu in Pingchang, younger brother of General of the Guard Chang. Men of the time called them twin pearls.; chang and Yi both had fine bearing Chang became noble and flourishing; Yi did not accept summons. After Chang died, Yi rose step by step to Palace Attendant, Vice Director of the Masters of Writing, Grand Warden of the Heir Apparent, Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry, and Left Grand Master of the Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon. Once visiting Xu Xianzhi he narrated affairs of Guan and Luo; Yi sighed that after Liu Muzhi's end there was no successor; Wang Hong was also present and very displeased: "In old days Wei heavily valued Zhang He and said one day could not be without him. What did it matter to rise and fall?, when He died Yi became displeased; the assembled guests laughed and released the matter. Afterward, he died as Administrator of Kuaiji.
69
靈運子鳳，坐靈運徙嶺南，早卒。
Lingyun's son Feng, because Lingyun was exiled to Lingnan, died young.
70
謝超宗
Xie Chaozong
71
鳳子超宗。 隨父鳳嶺南，元嘉末得還。 與慧休道人來往。 好學有文辭，盛得名譽。 選補新安王子鸞國常侍。 王母殷淑儀卒，超宗作誄奏之，帝大嗟賞，謂謝莊曰：「超宗殊有鳳毛，靈運復出。」 時右衛將軍劉道隆在御坐，出候超宗曰：「聞君有異物，可見乎？」 超宗曰：「懸磬之室，復有異物邪。」 道隆武人無識，正觸其父名，曰：「旦侍宴，至尊說君有鳳毛。」 超宗徒跣還內。 道隆謂檢覓鳳毛，至闇待不得，乃去。
Feng's son was Chaozong. Following his father Feng to Lingnan, at the end of Yuanjia he became able to return. This man associated with the monk Hui Xiu. This man loved learning and had literary skill; he quickly won great reputation. He was chosen and made State Attendant Gentleman to Prince Luan of Xin'an. When the Prince's mother Lady Yin Shuyi died, Chaozong composed the eulogy and presented it; the Emperor greatly sighed in praise and told Xie Zhuang, "Chaozong especially has phoenix down—Lingyun born again. Then General of the Right Guard Liu Daolong was in the imperial seat; he went out to wait on Chaozong and said, "I hear you have a rare thing—may I see it?" A house with empty bells—again a rare thing?, chaozong said Daolong was a military man without understanding; he exactly touched his father's name and said, "At tomorrow's banquet the Supreme One said you have phoenix down." Chaozong went back inside barefoot. Daolong meant to search for phoenix down; he waited in the dark, failed to get it, and left.
72
泰始中，為尚書殿中郎。 三年，都令史駱宰議策秀孝格，五問並得為上，四三為中，二為下，一不第。 超宗議不同，詔從宰議。
In the Taishi era he became Gentleman of the Palace Department of the Masters of Writing. In year three, Capital Chief Clerk Luo Zai debated standards for the provincial and filial selection examination: five questions all correct counts as upper, four or three as middle, two as lower, one as failure. An edict followed Zai's debate.; chaozong's debate differed
73
齊高帝為領軍，愛其才，衛將軍袁粲聞之，謂高帝曰：「超宗開亮，善可與語。」 取為長史、臨淮太守。 粲誅，高帝以超宗為義興太守。 升明二年，坐公事免。 詣東府門自通，其日風寒，高帝謂四座曰：「此客至，使人不衣自暖矣。」 超宗既坐，飲酒數杯，辭氣橫出，高帝對之甚歡。
Emperor Gao of Qi as General Who Leads the Army loved his talent; General of the Guard Yuan Can heard and told Gao, "Chaozong is open and bright—one can talk with him. This man was taken as Chief Clerk and Administrator of Linhuai. When Can was put to death, Gao made Chaozong Administrator of Yixing. In Shengming year two he was dismissed for public affairs. This man came to the Eastern Headquarters gate and announced himself; that day the wind was cold; Gao told those seated, "This guest arriving makes one need no clothes to feel warm. Chaozong having sat, after several cups his words and spirit crossed outward; Gao facing him was very pleased.
74
及齊受禪，為黃門郎。 有司奏撰郊廟歌，上敕司徒褚彥回、侍中謝朏、散騎侍郎孔珪、太學博士王咺之、總明學士劉融、何法圖、何曇秀作者凡十人，超宗辭獨見用。
At the time when Qi received the abdication he was Gentleman of the Yellow Gate. The relevant offices memorialized to compose suburban and temple hymns; the Emperor ordered Minister of Education Chu Yanzhi, Palace Attendant Xie Tiao, Regular Attendant Kong Gui, National University Grand Master Wang Xuanzhi, and Total Brightness generalists Liu Rong, He Fatu, and He Tanxiu—ten authors in all; Chaozong's composition alone was used.
75
為人恃才使酒，多所陵忽，在直省常醉。 上召見，語及北方事，超宗曰：「虜動來二十年矣，佛出亦無如之何。」 以失儀出為南郡王中軍司馬。 人問曰：「承有朝命，定是何府？」 超宗怨望，答曰：「不知是司馬，為是司驢； 既是驢府，政應為司驢。」 為有司奏，以怨望免，禁錮十年。 後司徒褚彥回因送湘州刺史王僧虔，閣道壞，墜水； 僕射王儉驚跣下車。 超宗拊掌笑曰：「落水三公，墜車僕射。」 彥回出水，沾濕狼藉。 超宗先在僧虔舫，抗聲曰：「有天道焉，天所不容，地所不受。 投畀河伯，河伯不受。」 彥回大怒曰：「寒士不遜。」 超宗曰：「不能賣袁、劉得富貴，焉免寒士。」 前後言誚，稍布朝野。
As a man he relied on talent and urged wine, often slighting others; in direct attendance at the office he became often drunk. The emperor summoned him and spoke of northern affairs; Chaozong said, "The barbarians have been on the move for twenty years—even Buddha coming out could do nothing. For loss of decorum he became sent out as Army Major to Prince Jun of Nan. "I hear there is a court order—what office is it?, someone asked Chaozong answered resentfully, "I don't know whether it is Major or Donkey; Since it is the Donkey headquarters, the post ought properly to be Donkey Major. That relevant offices memorialized; for resentment he was dismissed and confined for ten years. Later Minister of Education Chu Yanzhi, seeing off Xiang Inspector Wang Sengqian—the gallery road collapsed and he fell into the water; Vice Director Wang Jian, startled, leapt barefoot from the carriage. Chaozong clapped his hands and laughed, "Water-fallen Three Duke, carriage-fallen Vice Director. Yanzhi climbed out of the water, soaked and in disarray. Chaozong was earlier on Sengqian's boat and called out loudly, "There is Heaven's Way—Heaven will not contain it, Earth will not receive it. Cast upon the River Lord—and the River Lord would not receive him. Yanzhi said in great anger, "Cold-house man without deference. Chaozong said, "Cannot sell Yuan and Liu to get wealth and honor—how avoid cold-house man?" Before long such words of mockery gradually spread through court and countryside.
76
武帝即位，使掌國史。 除竟陵王征北諮議，領記室，愈不得志。 超宗為子娶張敬兒女為婦，帝甚疑之。 及敬兒誅，超宗謂丹陽尹李安人曰：「往年殺韓信，今年殺彭越，君欲何計？」 安人具啟之。 上積懷超宗輕慢，使兼中丞袁彖奏超宗請付廷尉。 武帝雖可其奏，以彖言辭依違，使左丞王逡之奏彖「輕文略奏，撓法容非，請免彖所居官」。 詔「彖匿情欺國，愛朋罔主，免官，禁錮十年」。 超宗下廷尉，一宿發白皓首。 詔徙越嶲，行至豫章，上敕豫章內史虞悰賜盡，勿傷其形骸。
At the time when Emperor Wu took the throne he had him manage the state history. He became Staff Officer to Prince Jingling's Pacification of the North and Recorder; he was ever more without ambition. The Emperor greatly suspected this.; chaozong had his son marry Zhang Jing'er's daughter When Jing'er was executed Chaozong told Acting Danyang Governor Li Anren, "Last year Han Xin was killed, this year Peng Yue—what plan do you have? Anren reported the whole matter. That Emperor's accumulated resentment at Chaozong's lightness had Associate Censor-in-Chief Yuan Yan memorialize to hand Chaozong to the Court of Judicial Review. Emperor Wu though approving the memorial, because Yan's words were hedging, had Left Assistant Director Wang Junzhi memorialize that Yan "treats writing lightly and omits the memorial, bends law to tolerate wrong—request dismissal from Yan's office." Edict: "Yan hides feeling and deceives the state, loves partisans and misleads the lord—dismissed from office, confined ten years." In one night his hair turned white.; chaozong sent down to the Court of Judicial Review Banishment was ordered to Yuexi; on the road at Yuzhang the emperor commanded Yuzhang Interior Administrator Yu Cong to grant death—without harming the bodily frame.
77
明年，超宗門生王永先又告超宗子才卿死罪二十餘條。 上疑其妄，以才卿付廷尉辯，以不實見原。 永先於獄盡之。
That next year Chaozong's gate student Wang Yongxian again reported Chaozong's son Caiqing guilty of capital crimes in more than twenty articles. The emperor suspected it false and handed Caiqing to the Court of Judicial Review to debate; for untruth he was pardoned. Yongxian became executed in prison.
78
謝幾卿
Xie Jiqing
79
才卿弟幾卿，清辯，時號神童。 超宗徙越嶲，詔家人不得相隨。 幾卿年八歲，別父于新亭，不勝其慟，遂投于江。 超宗命估客數人入水救之，良久湧出，得就岸，瀝耳目口鼻，出水數斗，十餘日乃裁能言。 居父憂哀毀過禮。 年十二，召補國子生。 齊文惠太子自臨策試，謂王儉曰：「幾卿本長玄理，今可以經義訪之。」 儉承旨發問，幾卿辯釋無滯，文惠大稱賞焉。 儉謂人曰：「謝超宗為不死矣。」 及長，博學有文采。 仕齊為大尉晉安王主簿。
Caiqing's younger brother Jiqing was clear in debate and at the time called a divine child. When Chaozong was exiled to Yuexi, an edict said family members could not follow. Jiqing became eight years old; parting from his father at Xinting he could not bear the grief and threw himself into the river. Chaozong ordered several merchant travelers into the water to save him; after a long time he bubbled up; brought to shore they drained ears, eyes, mouth, and nose—several pecks of water; more than ten days before he could barely speak. In mourning for his father he grieved and wasted himself beyond the rites. At twelve he was called up and appointed student of the Imperial Academy. Prince Wenhui of Qi personally came to examine by question and told Wang Jian, "Jiqing originally excels in dark principle—now one may inquire of him on classic meaning. Jiqing argued and explained without obstruction; jian received the intent and raised questions Jian told people, "Xie Chaozong is not dead. When grown he was widely learned and had literary color. This man served Qi as Chief Clerk to the Grand Marshal Prince Jin'an.
80
梁天監中，自尚書三公郎為書侍御史。 舊郎官轉為此職者，世謂之南奔。 幾卿頗失志，多陳疾，台事略不復理。 累遷尚書左丞。
In Liang's Tianjian era he went from Gentleman of the Three Masters of Writing to Writing Attendant Censor. By old custom, when a Gentleman was transferred to this post men called it "fleeing south." Jiqing became quite without ambition; he often claimed illness and barely managed office affairs. He rose to Left Assistant Director of the Masters of Writing.
81
幾卿詳悉故實，僕射徐勉每有凝滯，多詢訪之。 然性通脫，會意便行，不拘朝憲。 嘗預樂游苑宴，不得醉而還，因詣道邊酒壚，停車褰幔，與車前三騶對飲。 時觀者如堵，幾卿處之自若。 後以在省署夜著犢鼻褌，與門生登閣道飲酒酣呼，為有司糾奏，坐免。
Vice Director Xu Mian whenever he had blockage often inquired of him.; jiqing knew old precedents in detail Yet his nature became free and unrestrained; when the intent struck he acted— not bound by court law. Once, after a banquet at Leyou Garden where he could not get drunk, he stopped at a wine shop by the road, lifted the carriage curtain, and drank facing the three outriders before the carriage. Then onlookers were like a wall; Jiqing handled it at ease. Afterward, because in the office at night he wore calf-nose breeches and with gate students climbed the gallery path drinking deeply and shouting loudly, he was impeached by the relevant offices and dismissed.
82
普通六年，詔西昌侯藻督眾軍北侵，幾卿啟求行，擢為藻軍師長史。 將行，與僕射徐勉別，勉云：「淮、淝之役，前謝已著奇功，未知今謝何如？」 幾卿應聲曰：「已見今徐勝於前徐，後謝何必愧于前謝。」 勉默然。 軍至渦陽退敗，幾卿坐免官。
In Putong year six an edict had Marquis Xi of Xichang supervise the armies on northern invasion; Jiqing memorialized asking to go and was promoted to Chief Clerk and Army Major on Xi's staff. "On the Huai and Fei campaign the earlier Xie already showed strange merit—I do not know how the present Xie will be?, about to leave he parted from Vice Director Xu Mian; Mian said Jiqing answered at once, "I already see the present Xu surpasses the earlier Xu—the later Xie need not be ashamed before the earlier Xie." Mian fell silent. When the army reached Guoyang and retreated in defeat, Jiqing was removed from office.
83
居白楊石井宅，朝中交好者載酒從之，客恒滿坐。 時左丞庾仲容亦免歸，二人意相得，並肆情誕縱，或乘露車歷遊郊野，醉則執鐸輓歌，不屑物議。 湘東王繹在荊鎮與書慰勉之。
This man lived at the White Poplar Stone Well residence; friends at court loaded wine and followed him—guests always filled the seats. Then Left Assistant Director Yu Zhongrong was also dismissed and returned; the two men's intent matched; together they gave free rein to wild excess—sometimes riding an open carriage roaming the suburbs and fields; drunk then holding a bell and singing elegies, disdaining worldly opinion. Prince Yi of Xiangdong, garrisoning Jing, wrote to comfort and encourage him.
84
後為太子率更令。 放達不事容儀。 性不容非，與物多忤，有乖己者，輒肆意罵之，退無所言。 遷左丞。 僕射省嘗議集公卿，幾卿外還，宿醉未醒，取枕高臥，傍若無人。 又嘗於閣省裸袒酣飲，及醉小遺，下沾令史，為南司所彈，幾卿亦不介意。 轉左光祿長史。 卒，文集行於世。
Afterward, he was Director of the Crown Prince's Office of Rate Regulation. Free and unrestrained, he paid no heed to appearance. By nature he could not tolerate wrong; he often clashed with others, and whoever crossed him he would revile freely—then fall silent afterward. He was transferred to Left Assistant Director. That Vice Director's office once deliberated gathering dukes and ministers; Jiqing returned from outside, still drunk from overnight, took a pillow and slept high—beside him as though no one. Again, once in the office pavilion he drank naked and, drunk, urinated on the clerks below; impeached by the Southern Bureau, Jiqing did not mind at all. He moved on to Chief Clerk to the Left Grand Master of the Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon. This man died; collected writings circulated in the world.
85
幾卿雖不持檢操，然於家門篤睦。 兄才卿早卒，子藻幼孤，幾卿撫養甚至。 及藻成立，歷清官，皆幾卿獎訓之力也。
Though Jiqing did not hold himself to restraint, yet within the family gate he became deeply harmonious. Elder brother Caiqing died young; son Zao became young and orphaned; Jiqing raised and nurtured him with utmost care. When Zao came of age and held pure offices, it was all through Jiqing's encouragement and teaching.
86
論曰：謝晦以佐命之功，當顧托之重，殷憂在日，黜昏啟聖，于社稷之計，蓋為大矣。 但廬陵之殞，事非主命，昌門之覆，有乖臣道。 博陸所慎，理異於斯。 加以身處上流，兵權總己，將欲以外制內，豈人主所久堪乎。 向令徐、傅不亡，道濟居外，四權制命，力足相侔，劉氏之危，則有逾累卵。 以此論罰，豈曰妄誅。 宣遠所為寒心，可謂睹其萌矣。 然謝氏自晉以降，雅道相傳，景恒、景仁以德素傳美，景懋、景先以節義流譽。 方明行己之度，玄暉藻繢之奇，各擅一時，可謂德門者矣。 靈運才名，江左獨振； 而猖獗不已，自致覆亡。 人各有能，茲言乃信，惜乎！
The discussion runs: Xie Hui, by merit in founding the dynasty and at the weight of regency entrustment, with deep grief in daily affairs, deposed the dim and opened the sage—for the state's plan it was indeed great. Yet Prince Luling's death became not the lord's command; the overturning at Chang Gate went against the minister's way. What the Marquis of Boling had warned against rested on different reasoning. Wishing to use outside to control inside—how could a lord long endure it?; add that he himself held the upper reaches and military power totaled to himself Had Xu and Fu not died and Daoji remained outside, four powers commanding fate with strength enough to balance one another—the Liu house's peril would have exceeded piled eggs. Judged by this, the punishment can hardly be called reckless execution. What Xuanyuan did would chill the heart—he had already seen the first sprout. Yet from Jin onward the Xie clan handed down refined ways; Jingheng and Jingren won praise through plain virtue, Jingmao and Jingxian through integrity and righteousness. Fangming's standard in conduct, Xuanhui's brilliance in ornament—each mastered an age; together they may be called a house of virtue. Lingyun's talent and fame shook the Jiangzuo as none other had; yet rampaging without end, he brought ruin on himself. Each man has his gift—this saying holds true; what a pity!