1
列傳第十五
the fifteenth year of Biographies
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王懿到彥之垣護之張興世
Wang Yi, Dao Yanzhi, Yuan Huzhi, and Zhang Xingshi
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仲德少沈審有意略，事母甚謹，學通陰陽，精解聲律。 苻氏之敗，仲德年十七。 及兄叡同起義兵，與慕容垂戰敗，仲德被重創走，與家屬相失。 路經大澤，困未能去，臥林中。 有一小兒青衣，年可七八歲，騎牛行，見仲德驚曰：「漢已食未？」 仲德言饑，小兒去，須臾復來，得飯與之。 食畢欲行，而暴雨莫知津徑，有一白狼至前，仰天而號，號訖銜仲德衣，因度水，仲德隨後得濟，與叡相及。 度河至滑台，復為翟遼所留，使為將帥。 積年仲德欲南歸，乃棄遼奔泰山。 遼追騎急，夜行忽見前有猛炬導之，乘火行百許裏以免。 晉太元末，徙居彭城。 兄弟名犯晉宣、元二帝諱，故皆以字行。 叡字元德。
From youth Zhongde was thoughtful and deliberate, with a strategist's mind. He served his mother devotedly, studied the arts of yin and yang, and had a fine ear for music. When the Former Qin collapsed, Zhongde was seventeen. His elder brother Rui had also taken up arms; defeated by Murong Chui, Zhongde was badly wounded and fled, separated from his kin. He crossed a great marsh, too spent to go farther, and lay down in the forest. A boy in blue, perhaps seven or eight, rode up on an ox. Seeing Zhongde, he cried out in surprise: "Have you eaten yet?" Zhongde said he was starving. The boy left, then came back with food and gave it to him. He had just finished when a storm broke and he could find neither ford nor path. A white wolf came up, lifted its head and howled, then took his robe in its teeth and crossed the water. Zhongde followed and reached the far bank, where he rejoined Rui. They crossed the river to Huatai, where Zhai Liao detained him and put him in command of troops. After years in service Zhongde wanted to go south. He abandoned Liao and fled toward Mount Tai. Liao's pursuers pressed close. One night on the road he suddenly saw a blazing torch ahead guiding him; riding toward the fire for more than a hundred li, he got away. In the closing years of Jin's Taiyuan reign he settled at Pengcheng. Their given names tabooed the posthumous names of Jin's Emperors Xuan and Yuan, so the brothers were known only by their courtesy names. Rui was styled Yuande.
4
北土重同姓，並謂之骨肉，有遠來相投者，莫不竭力營贍。 若有一人不至者，以為不義，不為鄉邑所容。 仲德聞王愉在江南貴盛，是太原人，乃遠來歸愉。 愉接遇甚薄，因至姑孰投桓玄。 值玄篡，見輔國將軍張暢，言及世事。 仲德曰：「自古革命誠非一族，然今之起者恐不足以濟大事。」 元德果勁有計略，宋武帝甚知之，告以義舉，使於都下襲玄。 仲德聞其謀，謂元德曰：「天下事不可不密，且兵亦不貴遲巧。 玄情無遠慮，好冒夜出入，今取之正須一夫力耳。」 事泄，元德為玄誅，仲德竄走。 會義軍克建鄴，仲德抱元德子方回出候武帝，帝于馬上抱方回，與仲德相對號慟。 追贈元德給事中，封安復縣侯，以仲德為鎮軍中兵參軍。
Northerners prized shared surnames and treated one another as kin. When distant relatives came seeking refuge, none failed to support them to the utmost. Anyone who failed to answer such a call was judged faithless and shunned in his home district. Hearing that Wang Yu of Taiyuan was rich and powerful in the south, Zhongde traveled far to seek him out. Yu treated him coldly, so he went on to Gudu and entered Huan Xuan's service. When Xuan seized the throne, he met General Who Supports the State Zhang Chang and spoke of the times. Zhongde said: "Revolution has never belonged to one house alone, but I doubt those rising now are equal to so great a task." Yuande was bold and full of schemes; Emperor Wu of Song knew him well, confided the planned uprising, and sent him to strike Xuan in the capital. Learning of the plot, Zhongde told Yuande: "Heaven's business must be kept secret, and in war delay and cleverness are no virtues. Xuan has no long view and loves to slip out at night. Seizing him now would take no more than one man's strength." The plot leaked. Xuan executed Yuande, and Zhongde went into hiding. When the loyal army took Jiankye, Zhongde brought Yuande's son Fanghui out to meet the Emperor. Mounted, the Emperor took the boy in his arms; he and Zhongde faced each other and wept. Yuande was posthumously made Attendant Within the Yellow Gate and Marquis of Anfu. Zhongde was appointed aide in the army of the Pacifying General.
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武帝伐廣固，仲德為前驅，戰輒破之，大小二十餘戰。 盧循寇逼，眾議並欲遷都，仲德正色曰：「今天子當陽南面，明公命世作輔，新建大功，威震六合。 祅寇豕突，恃我遠征，既聞凱入，將自奔散。 今日投草莽則同匹夫，匹夫號令，何以威物？ 此謀若立，請從此辭。」 帝悅。 及武帝與循戰于左裏，仲德功冠諸將，封新淦縣侯。 義熙十二年北伐，進仲德征虜將軍，加冀州刺史，督前鋒諸軍事。 冠軍將軍檀道濟、龍驤將軍王鎮惡向洛陽，甯朔將軍劉遵考、建武將軍沈林子出石門，甯朔將軍朱超石、胡藩向半城，咸受統于仲德。 仲德率龍驤將軍朱牧、甯遠將軍竺靈秀、嚴綱等開钜野入河，乃總眾軍進據潼關。 長安平，以仲德為太尉諮議參軍。
In the campaign against Guanggu Zhongde led the van and broke the enemy again and again—more than twenty battles, large and small. When Lu Xun threatened the capital, many urged moving the court. Zhongde said sternly: "The Son of Heaven sits facing south in full daylight; my lord, a man born for his time, has just won a great victory whose fame fills the realm. These rebels rush like wild boars, thinking us still far away on campaign. Once they hear we have returned in triumph they will break and flee on their own. If we now flee into the wilderness we are no better than commoners. What authority has a common man's command? If you adopt this plan, I must withdraw my service." The Emperor was pleased. At Zuoli Zhongde's merit surpassed every general's, and he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Xingan. In Yixi year twelve he marched north. Zhongde was made General Who Captures Barbarians, given Jizhou as well, and placed over the vanguard. Champion General Tan Daoji and Flying Dragon General Wang Zhen'e moved on Luoyang; Ning-shuo General Liu Zunkao and General Who Establishes Martiality Shen Linzi went out by Shimen; Ning-shuo General Zhu Chao-shi and Hu Fan toward Bancheng—all under Zhongde. Zhongde led Zhu Mu, Zhu Lingxiu, Yan Gang, and others through Juye onto the river, then massed the armies and seized Tong Pass. After Chang'an fell he was made adviser to the Grand Commandant.
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武帝欲遷都洛陽，眾議咸以為宜。 仲德曰：「非常之事人所駭，今暴師經載，士有歸心，故當以建鄴為王基。 遷都宜候文軌大同。」 帝深納之。 使衛送姚泓先還彭城。 武帝受命，累遷徐州刺史，加都督。
The Emperor wanted to move the capital to Luoyang, and most agreed it was right. Zhongde said: "Extraordinary moves frighten people. Our armies have been in the field for years and the men long for home. Jiankye should remain the royal foundation. The move should wait until the realm is truly one under civilization and law." The Emperor took this deeply to heart. He had Zhongde escort the captive Yao Hong back to Pengcheng first. When the Emperor took the throne, Zhongde rose to Inspector of Xuzhou with overall command.
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元嘉中，到彥之北侵，仲德同行。 魏棄河南，司、兗三州平定，三軍咸喜，而仲德有憂色，曰：「諸賢不諳北土情偽，必墮其計。」 諸軍進屯靈昌，魏軍於委粟津度河，虎牢、洛陽並不守。 彥之聞二城並沒，欲焚舟步走。 仲德曰：「洛陽既敗，虎牢無以自立，理數必然也。 今賊去我猶自千里，滑台尚有強兵。 若便舍舟，士卒必散。 且當入濟至馬耳穀口，更詳所宜。」 乃回軍沿濟南曆城步上，焚舟棄甲，還至彭城。 仲德坐免官。 尋與檀道濟救滑台，糧盡乃歸。 自是復失河南。
In Yuanjia, when Dao Yanzhi marched north, Zhongde went along. Wei withdrew south of the Yellow River; Si, Yan, and three commanderies were taken, and the armies rejoiced. Zhongde looked troubled: "You do not know the north's true face—you will walk into their trap." The armies encamped at Lingchang while Wei crossed at Weisu Ford. Hulao and Luoyang were both abandoned. When Yanzhi learned both cities were lost, he wanted to burn the fleet and retreat on foot. Zhongde said: "Luoyang gone, Hulao cannot hold—the logic of the situation is plain. The enemy is still a thousand li away, and Huatai still holds strong forces. If we leave the boats now the men will scatter. We should enter the Ji River to Ma'er Valley and only then decide what to do." He turned the army up the Ji to Licheng in Jinan, marched ashore, burned the boats, cast off armor, and withdrew to Pengcheng. Zhongde was dismissed for the failure. Soon he joined Tan Daoji to relieve Huatai; when food ran out they withdrew. Henan was lost again.
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九年，又為徐州刺史。 仲德三臨徐州，威德著于彭城。 立佛寺，作白狼、童子像于塔中，以在河北所遇也。 進號鎮北大將軍。 十五年卒，諡曰桓侯。 亦于廟立白狼、童子壇，每祭必祠之。 子正循嗣，為家僮所殺。
In year nine he was again made Inspector of Xuzhou. Three times he governed Xuzhou; at Pengcheng his authority and kindness were well known. He built a temple and set images of the white wolf and the boy in its pagoda, in memory of his escape north of the river. He was promoted to General Who Pacifies the North. He died in year fifteen and was posthumously titled Marquis Huan. He also raised altars to the wolf and the boy in the ancestral temple and made offering to them at every rite. His son Zhengxun inherited the title but was murdered by a household slave.
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仲德兄孫文和，景和中，為征北義陽王昶府佐。 昶于彭城奔魏，部曲皆散，文和獨送至界上。 昶謂曰：「諸人皆去，卿有老母，何獨不去？」 文和乃去。 升明中，為巴陵內史。 沈攸之事起，文和斬其使，馳白齊武帝。 及齊永明年中，曆青、冀、兗、益四州刺史。
Zhongde's grand-nephew Wenhe, in Jinghe, served on the staff of Prince of Yiyang, General Who Conquers the North Liu Chang. When Chang fled Pengcheng for Wei his troops scattered; only Wenhe escorted him to the frontier. Chang said: "Everyone else has left. You have an aged mother—why stay when the rest have gone?" Wenhe then left. In Shengming he became administrator of Baling. When Shen Youzhi rebelled, Wenhe killed his messenger and rode to warn Emperor Wu of Qi. Under Qi's Yongming reign he served in turn as inspector of Qing, Ji, Yan, and Yi.
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到彥之字道豫，彭城武原人，楚大夫屈到後也。 宋武帝討孫恩，以鄉里樂從，每有戰功。
Dao Yanzhi, styled Daoyu, came from Wuyuan in Pengcheng and traced descent to the Chu minister Qu Dao. When Emperor Wu attacked Sun En, Yanzhi of the same district followed willingly and won merit in every fight.
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義旗將起，彥之家在廣陵，臨川武烈王道規克桓弘，彥之時近行，聞事捷馳歸，而道規已南度江，倉卒晚方獲濟。 及至京口，武帝已向建鄴，孟昶居守，留之。 及見武帝被責，不自陳，昶又不申理，故不加官。
When the uprising began Yanzhi's family was in Guangling. Prince of Linchuan Liu Daogui took Huan Hong; Yanzhi was nearby, heard the news, and raced home—but Daogui had already crossed the Yangtze, and Yanzhi barely made the crossing in time. At Jingkou the Emperor had already marched on Jiankye. Meng Chang held the post and detained him. Summoned before the Emperor he was rebuked but did not defend himself, and Chang did not intercede, so he received no promotion.
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義熙元年，補鎮軍行參軍。 六年，盧循逼都，彥之與檀道濟掩循輜重，與循党荀林戰敗，免官。 後以軍功封佷山縣子，為太尉中兵參軍。 驃騎將軍道憐鎮江陵，以彥之為驃騎諮議參軍，尋遷司馬、南郡太守。 又從文帝西鎮，除使持節、南蠻校尉。 武帝受命，進爵為侯。
In Yixi year one he was made acting aide in the Pacifying Army. In year six, when Lu Xun threatened the capital, Yanzhi and Tan Daoji raided his baggage train but lost to Xun's ally Xun Lin and were dismissed. Later, for merit in war, he was made Viscount of Henshan and aide in the army of the Grand Commandant. When Flying Cavalry General Liu Daolian garrisoned Jiangling, Yanzhi became his adviser, then major and administrator of Nan Commandery. He followed the Prince of Pengcheng west to garrison and was made bearer of the staff and colonel directing the southern tribes. When the Emperor took the throne Yanzhi was raised to marquis.
13
彥之佐守荊楚，垂二十載，威信為士庶所懷。 及文帝入奉大統，以徐羨之等新有篡虐，懼，欲使彥之領兵前驅。 彥之曰：「了彼不貳，便應朝服順流； 若使有虞，此師既不足恃，更開嫌隙之端，非所以副遠邇之望也。」 會雍州刺史褚叔度卒，乃遣彥之權鎮襄陽。 羨之等欲即以彥之為雍州，上不許，徵為中領軍，委以戎政。 彥之自襄陽下，謝晦已至鎮，慮彥之不過己，彥之至楊口，步往江陵，深布誠款，晦亦厚自結納。 彥之留馬及利劍名刀以與晦，晦由此大安。
For nearly twenty years he helped hold Jing and Chu; gentry and commoners alike trusted him. When the prince entered to uphold the succession, fearing Xu Xianzhi's recent usurpation and cruelty, he wanted Yanzhi to lead troops ahead. Yanzhi said: "If they are truly loyal, go in court dress downriver; if there is doubt, this army is too small to trust, and opening fresh suspicion will not satisfy men near or far." When Inspector of Yongzhou Chu Shudu died, Yanzhi was sent to hold Xiangyang in his place. Xianzhi wanted him made inspector of Yongzhou; the Emperor refused and recalled him as director of the central guard, entrusting him with military affairs. Yanzhi came down from Xiangyang. Xie Hui, already in post, feared he would not defer; Yanzhi went on foot from Yangkou to Jiangling, opened his heart fully, and Hui responded with warm trust. He left horses, fine swords, and famous blades with Hui, and Hui was greatly reassured.
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元嘉三年討晦，進彥之鎮軍，于彭城洲戰不利，咸欲退還夏口，彥之不回。 會檀道濟至，晦乃敗走。 江陵平，因監荊州州府事，改封建昌縣公。 其秋，遷南豫州刺史、監六州諸軍事，鎮曆陽。
In Yuanjia year three, campaigning against Hui, Yanzhi was made Pacifying General. At Pengcheng Isle the battle went badly and all wanted to fall back to Xiakou; Yanzhi would not retreat. When Tan Daoji arrived Hui was beaten and fled. After Jiangling fell he oversaw Jingzhou's prefectural affairs and was re-enfeoffed as Duke of Jianchang. That autumn he became inspector of South Yuzhou, overseeing six provinces, with his seat at Liyang.
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上於彥之恩厚，將加開府，欲先令立功。 七年，遣彥之制督王仲德、竺靈秀、尹沖、段宏、趙伯符、竺靈真、庾俊之、朱修之等北侵，自淮入泗。 泗水滲，日裁行十里。 自四月至七月，始至東平須昌縣。 魏滑台、虎牢、洛陽守兵並走。 彥之留朱修之守滑台，尹沖守虎牢，杜驥守金墉。 十月，魏軍向金墉城，次至虎牢，杜驥奔走，尹沖眾潰而死。 魏軍仍進滑台。 時河冰將合，糧食又罄，彥之先有目疾，至是大動，將士疾疫，乃回軍，焚舟步至彭城。 初遣彥之，資實甚盛，及還，凡百蕩盡，府藏為空。 文帝遣檀道濟北救滑台，收彥之下獄，免官。 兗州刺史竺靈秀棄軍伏誅。 明年夏，起為護軍。 九年，復封邑，固辭。 明年卒，乃復先戶邑，諡曰忠公。 孝建三年，詔彥之與王華、王曇首配食文帝廟庭。
The Emperor favored Yanzhi deeply and planned to grant him a separate office once he had won fresh merit. In year seven he sent Yanzhi to command Wang Zhongde, Zhu Lingxiu, Yin Chong, Duan Hong, Zhao Bofu, Zhu Lingzhen, Yu Junzhi, Zhu Xiuzhi, and others north from the Huai into the Si. The Si ran low; they advanced barely ten li a day. From the fourth month to the seventh they at last reached Xuchang in Dongping. Wei's garrisons at Huatai, Hulao, and Luoyang all abandoned their posts. Yanzhi left Zhu Xiuzhi at Huatai, Yin Chong at Hulao, and Du Ji at Jinyong. In the tenth month Wei moved on Jinyong, then Hulao. Du Ji fled; Yin Chong's force broke and he died. Wei then pressed Huatai. The river was about to freeze and food was gone. Yanzhi's old eye trouble worsened; plague swept the ranks. He turned back, burned the boats, and marched to Pengcheng. He had set out richly supplied; he returned stripped bare, the treasury empty. Emperor Wen sent Tan Daoji to relieve Huatai, imprisoned Yanzhi, and dismissed him. Inspector of Yanzhou Zhu Lingxiu deserted and was put to death. The following summer he was recalled as Protector of the Army. In year nine his fief was restored; he refused firmly. He died the next year; his former fief was then restored, and he was posthumously titled Duke Zhong. In Xiaojian year three an edict joined Yanzhi with Wang Hua and Wang Tanshou in sacrifice at Emperor Wen's temple.
16
長子元度位益州刺史。 少子仲度嗣，位驃騎從事中郎。 兄弟並有才用，皆早卒。 仲度子撝。
His eldest son Yuandu served as inspector of Yizhou. His younger son Zhongdu inherited and served as attendant in the Flying Cavalry. The brothers were all capable but died young. Zhongdu's son was Hui.
17
撝字茂謙。 襲爵建昌公。 宋明帝立，欲收物情，以撝功臣之後，自長兼左戶郎中擢為太子洗馬。
Hui was styled Maoqian. He inherited the dukedom of Jianchang. When Emperor Ming took the throne and sought popular favor, he raised Hui—heir of a founding minister—from senior concurrent Left Household Lang to palace aide to the heir.
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撝資藉豪富，厚自奉養，供一身一月十萬。 宅宇山池，伎妾姿藝，皆窮上品。 才調流贍，善納交遊。 愛伎陳玉珠，明帝遣求不與，逼奪之，撝頗怨，帝令有司誣奏，將殺之。 撝入獄，數宿須鬢皆白，免死，系尚方。 奪封與弟賁，撝由是更以貶素自立。 明帝崩，弟賁讓封還撝，朝議許之。
Hui came from great wealth and spent lavishly on himself alone— a hundred thousand a month. House, gardens, pools, and the beauty and skill of his entertainers were all of the finest. Gifted and fluent, he excelled at friendship. He loved the singer Chen Yuzhu. Emperor Ming demanded her; Hui refused; the Emperor seized her. Resentful, Hui drew a framed charge and a death sentence. In prison his beard and temples whitened in days. Spared death, he was held in the Imperial Workshop. His fief went to his brother Ben; thereafter Hui lived plainly and stood on his own. When Emperor Ming died, Ben returned the fief; the court approved.
19
弟遁，元徽中為南海太守，在廣州。 升明元年，沈攸之反，刺史陳顯達起兵應朝廷，遁猶豫見殺。 遁家人在都，從野夜歸，見兩三人持堊刷其家門，須臾而滅，明日而遁死問至。 撝懼，詣齊高帝謝，即板撝武帝中軍諮議參軍。 建元初，國除。 武帝即位，累遷司徒左長史。 宋時，武帝與撝同從宋明帝射雉郊野，渴倦，撝得早青瓜，與上對剖食之。 上又數遊撝家，懷其舊德，至是一歲三遷。 永明元年，為御史中丞。 車駕幸丹陽郡，宴飲，撝恃舊，酒後狎侮同列，謂庾杲之曰：「蠢爾蠻荊，其俗鄙。」 復謂虞悰曰：「斷髮文身，其風陋。」 王晏既貴，雅步從容，又問曰：「王散騎復何故爾。」 晏先為國常侍，轉員外散騎郎，此二職清華所不為，故以此嘲之。 王敬則執榠查，以刀子削之，又曰：「此非元徽頭，何事自契之。」 為左丞庾杲之所糾，以贖論。 再遷左衛將軍。 隨王子隆帶彭城郡，撝問訊不修部下敬，為有司舉，免官。 後為五兵尚書，廬陵王中軍長史，卒。 子沆嗣。
His younger brother Dun served as administrator of Nanhai at Guangzhou during the Yuanhui era. In Shengming year one Shen Youzhi rebelled. Inspector Chen Xianda raised troops for the court, and Dun, hesitating, was killed. Dun's family was in the capital. Returning from the countryside one night they saw two or three men whitewashing their gate; the figures vanished at once, and the next day news of Dun's death arrived. Hui, afraid, went to Gaozu of Qi to apologize and was immediately appointed counselor to the Central Army under Emperor Wu. At the start of Jianyuan the fief was abolished. When Emperor Wu took the throne, Hui rose to left chief clerk of the minister of education. In Song times Emperor Wu and Hui followed Emperor Ming of Song pheasant hunting in the suburbs. Thirsty and weary, Hui found an early green melon and shared it with the Emperor. The Emperor often visited Hui's home, cherishing their old bond, and promoted him three times within a year. In Yongming year one he became censor-in-chief. At a feast when the court visited Danyang, Hui, relying on old acquaintance, drunkenly insulted his colleagues and told Yu Gaozhi, "You stupid southern barbarian—your customs are base." He also told Yu Cong, "Cut hair and tattoo the body—your ways are crude." Wang Yan, already eminent, walked with elegant ease; Hui asked again, "Why does Attendant Cavalier Wang act like this again?" Yan had held the posts of regular attendant of the state and attendant cavalier outside the regulars—offices the refined avoided—so Hui mocked him for it. Wang Jingze held a papaya and pared it with a knife, saying, "This is not a Yuanhui head—why carve it yourself?" Left Assistant Yu Gaozhi impeached him, and he was fined in lieu of punishment. He was again made left guard general. When Prince of Sui Zilong also held Pengcheng, Hui failed to show proper respect on official visits and was reported and dismissed. He later served as minister of the five armies and chief clerk of the central army under the Prince of Luling, then died. His son Hang succeeded him.
20
沆字茂瀣，幼聰敏，五歲時，父撝于屏風抄古詩，沆請教讀一遍，便能諷誦。 及長，善屬文，工篆隸，美風神，容止可悅。
Hang, styled Maoxie, was clever as a child. At five, when Hui copied old poems on a screen, Hang asked to learn them and could recite after one reading. Grown, he wrote well, mastered seal and clerical script, and had a pleasing presence.
21
梁天監初，為征虜主簿。 東宮建，以為太子洗馬。 時文德殿置學士省，召高才碩學待詔，沆通籍焉。 武帝宴華光殿，命群臣賦詩，獨詔沆為二百字，三刻便成。 沆於坐立奏，其文甚美。 俄以洗馬管東宮書記及散騎省優策文。
At the start of Liang's Tianjian reign he was chief clerk to the General Who Conquers Barbarians. When the Eastern Palace was set up he became palace aide to the heir. The Wende Hall opened a Scholars' Office for eminent scholars awaiting edicts; Hang held registry there. At a feast in Huaguang Hall the Emperor ordered poems; Hang alone was told to write two hundred characters in three quarters of an hour. Hang composed on the spot and presented it; the piece was excellent. Soon he managed Eastern Palace records and superior policy essays as palace aide.
22
三年，詔尚書郎在職清能者為侍郎，以沆為殿中曹侍郎。 此曹以文才選，沆從父兄溉、洽並有才名，時相代為之，見榮當世。 遷太子中舍人。
In year three an edict made active, able Masters of Writing into attendants; Hang became attendant of the Hall Central Bureau. That bureau chose literary talent. Hang's cousins Gai and Qia were both famed; they alternated in the post and were honored in their day. He was promoted to palace cadet.
23
沆為人謙敬，口不論人短。 任昉、範雲皆與善。 後卒于北中郎諮議參軍。 所著詩賦百餘篇。
Hang was modest and never spoke ill of others. Ren Fang and Fan Yun were both his friends. He later died while serving as adviser to the General of the North. He left more than a hundred poems and rhapsodies.
24
溉字茂灌，撝弟子也。 父坦，齊中書郎。 溉少孤貧，與兄沼弟洽俱知名，起家王國左常侍。 樂安任昉大相賞好，恒提攜溉、洽二人，廣為聲價。 所生母魏本寒家，悉越中之資，為二兒推奉昉。
Gai, styled Maoguan, was Hui's nephew. His father Tan had been Master of Writing under Qi. Orphaned and poor from youth, Gai was known along with his brothers Zhao and Qia; he began as left attendant-in-ordinary of a princely state. Ren Fang of Le'an greatly favored him, always promoting Gai and Qia and building their fame. Their mother Wei came from a poor family and spent the household's Yue resources supporting the two sons in Fang's circle.
25
梁天監初，昉出守義興，要溉、洽之郡，為山澤之遊。 昉還為御史中丞，後進皆宗之。 時有彭城劉孝綽、劉苞、劉孺，吳郡陸倕、張率，陳郡殷芸，沛國劉顯及溉、洽，車軌日至，號曰蘭台聚。 陸倕贈昉詩云：「和風雜美氣，下有真人游，壯矣荀文若，賢哉陳太丘。 今則蘭台聚，方古信為儔。 任君本達識，張子復清修，既有絕塵到，復見黃中劉。」 時謂昉為任君，比漢之三君，到則溉兄弟也。 除尚書殿中郎。 後為建安太守，昉以詩贈之，求二衫段云：「鐵錢兩當一，百代易名實，為惠當及時，無待涼秋日。」 溉答云：「餘衣本百結，閩中徒八蠶，假令金如粟，詎使廉夫貪。」 還為太子中舍人。
At Tianjian's start, when Fang went out as administrator of Yixing, he took Gai and Qia to his commandery for mountain and river outings. When Fang returned as censor-in-chief, younger men all looked to him as model. Then came daily the carriages of Liu Xiaochuo, Liu Bao, Liu Ru, Lu Chou, Zhang Shuai, Yin Yun, Liu Xian, Gai, and Qia—the Orchid Terrace Gathering. Lu Chou sent Fang a poem: "A harmonious wind mingles with noble air; below walks the perfected man. Grand was Xun Wenruo, worthy Chen Taqiu. Now the Orchid Terrace gathers—peers of the ancients indeed. Ren Jun truly comprehends; Zhang Zi is refined again—already Dao surpasses the dust, and again one sees Liu Huangzhong." They called Fang "Ren Jun," likening him to Han's Three Lords; "Dao" meant the Gai brothers. He was appointed Master of Writing, Hall Attendant. Later as administrator of Jian'an, Fang sent a poem asking for two spans of double cloth: "Iron cash trades two for one—names and substance shift through ages. Favor should come in season, not wait for autumn's chill." Gai replied: "My clothes were already patched; in Min only eight silkworms. Even if gold were grain, an honest man would not be greedy." On return he became palace cadet.
26
溉長八尺，眉目如點，白皙美須髯，舉動風華，善於應答。 上用為通事舍人，中書郎，兼吏部，太子中庶子。 湘東王繹為會稽太守，以溉為輕車長史，行府郡事。 武帝敕繹曰：「到溉非直為汝行事，足為汝師。」 溉嘗夢武帝遍見諸子，至湘東而脫帽與之，於是密敬事焉。 遭母憂，居喪盡禮。 所處廬開方四尺，毀瘠過人。 服闋，猶蔬食布衣者累載。
Gai stood eight feet; brows and eyes like painted dots; fair-skinned with a fine beard; graceful in bearing and quick in reply. The Emperor made him master of communications, master of writing, concurrent master of personnel, and palace supervisor. When Prince of Xiangdong Liu Yi governed Kuaiji, Gai was chief clerk of light chariots and ran the prince's prefectural affairs. The Emperor told Yi: "Dao Gai is not merely to run your affairs—he is fit to be your teacher." Gai dreamed the Emperor visited his sons; reaching Xiangdong he took off his cap and gave it to him. Thereafter he secretly devoted himself to the prince. When his mother died he mourned with full rites. His mourning hut measured four feet square; he wasted away beyond others. After mourning he still ate vegetables and wore plain cloth for years.
27
曆御史中丞，都官、左戶二尚書，掌吏部尚書。 時何敬容以令參選，事有不允，溉輒相執。 敬容謂人曰：「到溉尚有餘臭，遂學作貴人。」 敬容日方貴寵，人皆下之，溉忤之如初。 溉祖彥之初以擔糞自給，故世以為譏云。 後省門鴟尾被震，溉左遷光祿大夫。 所蒞以清白自修，性又率儉，不好聲色，虛室單床，傍無姬侍。 冠履十年一易，朝服或至穿補，傳呼清路，示有朝章而已。
He served as censor-in-chief, master of punishments and left household, and held the ministry of personnel. When He Jingrong handled appointments and matters went awry, Gai always opposed him. Jingrong said: "Dao Gai still reeks of the dung-basket and plays at being gentry." Jingrong was newly favored and all deferred; Gai opposed him as before. His grandfather Yanzhi had once carried night soil for a living—so men mocked him. Later lightning struck the ministry gate's phoenix-tail finial; Gai was demoted to Grand Master of Splendid Happiness. In every post he kept himself pure; plain and frugal by nature, he cared nothing for music or women—an empty room, one bed, no concubines. He changed cap and shoes once in ten years; court robes he sometimes wore patched; heralds clearing the road showed court rank and nothing more.
28
後為散騎常侍、侍中、國子祭酒。 表求列武帝所撰正言於學，請置正言助教二人，學生二十人。 尚書左丞賀琛又請加置博士一人。
Later he was palace attendant, attendant within, and chancellor of the Imperial University. He asked that the Emperor's Correct Speech be taught in the academy, with two assistant teachers and twenty students. Left Assistant He Chen also asked for an additional erudite.
29
溉特被武帝賞接，每與對棋，從夕達旦。 或復失寢，加以低睡，帝詩嘲之曰：「狀若喪家狗，又似懸風槌。」 當時以為笑樂。 溉第居近淮水，齋前山池有奇礓石，長一丈六尺，帝戲與賭之，並禮記一部，溉並輸焉。 未進，帝謂朱異曰：「卿謂到溉所輸可以送未？」 斂板對曰：「臣既事君，安敢失禮。」 帝大笑，其見親愛如此。 石即迎置華林園宴殿前。 移石之日，都下傾城縱觀，所謂到公石也。 溉弈棋入第六品，常與朱異、韋黯於御坐校棋比勢，復局不差一道。 後因疾失明，詔以金紫光祿大夫、散騎常侍就第養疾。 溉少有美名，遂不為僕射，人為之恨，溉澹如也。
Gai was especially favored; he and the Emperor played go from dusk till dawn. Sometimes he dozed off; the Emperor mocked him in verse: "Like a bereaved house's dog, like a wind-beaten pestle." Men took it as a jest. Gai's house stood near the Huai; before his study pool lay a strange rock sixteen feet long. The Emperor wagered it against a copy of the Book of Rites; Gai lost both. Before delivery the Emperor asked Zhu Yi: "Can what Dao Gai lost be sent yet?" Yi folded his tablet: "Having served my lord, how dare I fail in ritual?" The Emperor laughed heartily—such was his affection. The stone was brought at once and set before the feast hall in Huaglin Garden. When the stone moved the capital turned out to watch—the Duke Dao Stone. Gai's go ranked sixth grade; with Zhu Yi and Wei An at the imperial seat he replayed games without a single move's error. Later blindness ended his sight; he was made Grand Master of the Gold Seal and Purple Ribbon and palace attendant to convalesce at home. From youth he had a fine name yet never reached vice director—men regretted it; Gai was untroubled.
30
家門雍睦，兄弟特相友愛，初與弟洽恒共居一齋，洽卒後，便舍為寺。 蔣山有延賢寺，溉家世所立。 溉得祿俸，皆充二寺。 因斷腥膻，終身蔬食。 別營小室，朝夕從僧徒禮誦。 武帝每月三致淨饌，恩禮甚篤。 性不好交遊，唯與朱異、劉之遴、張綰同志友密。 及臥疾，門可羅雀，唯三人每歲時恒鳴騶枉道以相存問，置酒極歡而去。
The household was harmonious; the brothers especially close. Gai and Qia had shared one room; after Qia died he made it a temple. On Mount Jiang stood Yanxian Temple, founded by Gai's family for generations. He gave all his salary to the two temples. He gave up meat and fish and ate vegetables for life. He built a small room and morning and evening joined monks in recitation. Three times a month the Emperor sent pure food; his grace ran deep. He did not love society; only Zhu Yi, Liu Zhilin, and Zhang Chuo were intimate friends. When ill, sparrows could be netted at his gate; only those three each season came by detour with outriders, drank, and left in joy.
31
乙太清二年卒，臨終托張、劉勒子孫薄葬之禮。 曰：「氣絕便斂，斂以法服，先有塚竁，斂竟便葬，不須擇日。 凶事必存約儉，孫侄不得違言。」 便屏家人請僧讀經贊唄，及卒，顏色如恒，手屈二指，即佛道所雲得果也。 時朝廷多事，遂無贈諡。 有集二十卷行于時。 子鏡。
In Taiqing year two he died; at the end he asked Zhang and Liu to admonish his heirs in simple burial. He said: "When breath ends, wrap at once in lawful garments. The tomb niche is ready—bury when wrapping is done; no need to choose a day. Keep mourning simple; sons and nephews must not disobey." He dismissed his family and had monks read sutras. At death his color was unchanged; two fingers bent—the Buddha's promised fruit. The court was busy; he received no posthumous title. Twenty juan of his writings circulated in his day. His son was Jing.
32
鏡字圓照，初在孕，其母夢懷鏡，及生，因以名焉。 鏡五歲便口授為詩，婉有辭況。 位太子舍人，作七悟文甚美，先溉卒。
Jing, styled Yuanzhao: while in the womb his mother dreamed she carried a mirror, and so named him. At five he could compose poetry by mouth; his phrasing was graceful. He was palace attendant to the heir; his Seven Awakenings essay was fine; he died before Gai.
33
鏡子藎，早聰慧，位尚書殿中郎，嘗從武帝幸京口，登北顧樓賦詩。 藎受詔便就，上以示溉曰：「藎定是才子，翻恐卿從來文章假手於藎。」 因賜絹二十疋。 後溉每和禦詩，上輒手詔戲溉曰：「得無貽厥之力乎？」 又賜溉連珠曰：「硯磨墨以騰文，筆飛毫以書信，如飛蛾之赴火，豈焚身之可吝。 必耄年其已及，可假之於少藎。」 其見知賞如此。 後除丹陽尹丞。 太清亂，赴江陵卒。 溉弟洽。
Jing's son Jin was clever early and served as Master of Writing, Hall Attendant; once at Jingkou he climbed Beigu Tower and composed a poem at the Emperor's order. Jin composed on the spot; the Emperor showed Gai the piece: "Jin is surely a talent—I fear your essays have been Jin's work all along." He gave twenty bolts of silk. Later when Gai matched imperial poems the Emperor jested by hand: "Not the strength of leaving a legacy, surely?" He sent Gai a linked pearl: "The slab grinds ink to soar in pattern; the brush flies to write—like moths to flame, who regrets the burning body? When old age comes, borrow from young Jin." Such was the favor he enjoyed. Later he was assistant administrator of Danyang. In the Taiqing disorders he went to Jiangling and died there. Gai's younger brother was Qia.
34
洽字茂沿，清警有才學。 父坦以洽無外家，乃求娶于羊玄保以為外氏。 洽年十八，為徐州迎西曹行事。 謝朓文章盛于一時，見洽深相賞好，每稱其兼資文武。 朓後為吏部，欲薦之，洽睹時方亂，深相拒絕，遂築室岩阿，幽居積歲，時人號曰居士。 任昉與洽兄沼、溉並善，嘗訪洽于田舍，歎曰：「此子日下無雙。」 遂申拜親之禮。
Qia, styled Maoyan, was clear-minded, talented, and learned. His father Tan, since Qia had no maternal kin, arranged a marriage with Yang Xuanbao's house as maternal family. At eighteen he was acting western bureau officer for Xuzhou. Xie Tiao's writing ruled the age; he deeply favored Qia and often praised his civil and military gifts together. When Tiao ran personnel he wished to recommend Qia; Qia saw chaos coming, refused firmly, built in the hills, and lived secluded for years—men called him the Recluse. Ren Fang, friend to Qia's brothers Zhao and Gai, visited Qia at his farm and sighed: "Under heaven this man has no peer." He then treated Qia as kin.
35
梁武帝嘗問待詔丘遲曰：「到洽何如沆溉？」 遲曰：「正情過於沆，文章不減溉； 加以清言，殆將難及。」 即召為太子舍人。 禦幸華光殿，詔洽及沆、蕭琛、任昉侍宴，賦二十韻詩，以洽辭為工，賜絹二十疋。 上謂昉曰：「諸到可謂才子。」
Emperor Wu once asked awaiting-edict Qiu Chi: "How does Dao Qia compare with Hang and Gai?" Chi said: "In upright feeling he surpasses Hang; in writing he does not fall below Gai; add pure conversation—perhaps nearly impossible to match." He was summoned at once as palace attendant to the heir. At Huaguang Hall the Emperor ordered Qia, Hang, Xiao Chen, and Ren Fang to feast and compose twenty-rhyme poems; Qia's was judged finest and he received twenty bolts of silk. The Emperor told Fang: "The Dao clan are true talents."
36
昉曰：「臣常竊議，宋得其武，梁得其文。」 遷司徒主簿，直待詔省，敕使抄甲部書為十二卷。 遷尚書殿中郎。 後為太子中舍人，與庶子陸倕對掌東宮管記。 俄為侍讀，侍讀省仍置學士二人，洽充其選。 遷國子博士，奉敕撰太學碑。 累遷尚書吏部郎，請托不行。 徙左丞，準繩不避貴戚。 時帝欲親戎，軍國禮容多自洽出。
Fang said: "I have often said: Song got their martial, Liang their literary." He became chief clerk of the Minister of Education, direct in the awaiting-edicts office, and copied the A section of books into twelve juan. He was promoted to Master of Writing, Hall Attendant. Later as palace cadet he paired with Supervisor Lu Chou in managing Eastern Palace records. Soon he was reader; the Readers' Office set two scholars and Qia filled one. He became erudite of the Imperial University and received command to compose the academy stele. Promoted to Master of Writing in personnel, he refused entreaties. As left assistant he held to the standard and did not spare noble kin. When the Emperor wished to lead in person, much military and state ritual came from Qia.
37
尋遷御史中丞，號為勁直。 少與劉孝綽善，下車便以名教隱穢，首彈之。 孝綽托與諸弟書，實欲聞之湘東王。 公事左降，猶居職。 舊制中丞不得入尚書下舍，洽兄溉為左戶尚書，洽引服親不應有礙，刺省詳決。 左丞蕭子雲議許入溉省，亦以其兄弟素篤不相別也。 出為尋陽太守。 卒，贈侍中，諡理子。 洽美容質，善言吐，弱年聽伏曼容講，未嘗傍膝，伏深歎之。 文集行於世。 子仲舉。
Soon he was censor-in-chief, called forceful and upright. From youth he was friends with Liu Xiaochuo; on taking office he impeached him first for moral failings under cover of teaching. Xiaochuo sent a letter to his brothers but meant Prince of Xiangdong to hear. Demoted for the affair, he still held office. By old rule the censor might not enter the Masters of Writing's lower quarters; Gai was Master of the Left Household; Qia cited mourning kin and memorialized for decision. Left Assistant Xiao Ziyun allowed entry to Gai's office, since the brothers were devoted and did not stand apart. He went out as administrator of Xunyang. He died; posthumously made Attendant Within with posthumous title Li-zi. Qia was handsome and eloquent; as a boy hearing Fu Manrong lecture he never sat casually; Fu admired this deeply. His collected writings circulated. His son was Zhongju.
38
仲舉字德言，無他藝業，而立身耿正。 仕梁為長城令，政號廉平。 陳文帝居鄉里，嘗詣仲舉，時天陰雨，仲舉獨坐齋內，聞城外有蕭鼓聲，俄而文帝至，仲舉異之，乃深自結。 帝又嘗因飲夜宿仲舉帳中，忽有神光五采照於室內，由是祗事益恭。 及侯景平，文帝為吳興太守，以仲舉為郡丞，與潁川庾持俱為文帝賓客。 文帝嗣位，授侍中，參掌選事。 天嘉元年，守都官尚書，封寶安縣侯。 三年，遷尚書左僕射、丹陽尹，參掌如故。 改封建昌縣侯。
Zhongju, styled Deyan, had no other arts but stood upright and incorruptible. In Liang service he was magistrate of Changcheng, famed for honest and fair rule. When Emperor Wen of Chen still lived in the countryside he once visited Zhongju on a rainy day. Zhongju sat alone in his study, heard reed drums outside the city, and shortly the Emperor arrived. Struck by this, Zhongju bound himself closely to him. The Emperor also once spent the night in Zhongju's tent after drinking; suddenly five-colored divine light filled the room, and thereafter Zhongju served him with still greater reverence. After Hou Jing was pacified, when Emperor Wen was administrator of Wuxing he made Zhongju assistant administrator; with Yingchuan Yu Chi he became one of the Emperor's guests. When Emperor Wen succeeded he was made attendant within and shared charge of appointments. In Tianjia year one he served as minister of punishments and was enfeoffed Marquis of Bao'an. In year three he became left vice director of the Masters of Writing and intendant of Danyang, with the same shared duties. His title was changed to Marquis of Jianchang.
39
仲舉既無學術，朝章非其所長，選舉引用，皆出自袁樞。 性疏簡，不幹時務，與朝士無所親狎，但聚財酣飲而已。 文帝積年寢疾，不親萬機，尚書中書事，皆使仲舉斷決。 天康元年，遷侍中、尚書僕射。 文帝疾甚，入侍醫藥。 及帝崩，宣帝受遺詔為尚書令入輔，仲舉與左丞王暹、中書舍人劉師知、殷不佞，以朝望有歸，乃遣不佞宣旨遣宣帝還東府，事發，師知下獄賜死，暹、不佞並付推，乃以仲舉為貞毅將軍、金紫光祿大夫。
Zhongju had no learning; court rules were not his strength; appointments all came from Yuan Shu. Careless by nature, he ignored public affairs, kept no court intimates, and only hoarded wealth and drank. Emperor Wen lay ill for years and did not govern; Zhongju decided matters of the Masters of Writing and Secretariat. In Tiankang year one he became attendant within and vice director of the Masters of Writing. When the Emperor's illness worsened he entered to attend his medicine. When the Emperor died, Emperor Xuan took the testament as Master of Writing and entered to assist. Zhongju with Wang Xuan, Liu Shizhi, and Yin Buniu, trusting court prestige, sent Buniu to dismiss Xuan to the Eastern Palace. When it leaked, Shizhi was imprisoned and killed; Xuan and Buniu were investigated; Zhongju was made General of Zhenyì and Grand Master of the Gold Seal and Purple Ribbon.
40
初，仲舉子郁尚文帝妹信義長公主，官至中書侍郎，出為宣城太守，文帝配以士馬。 是年，遷南康內史，以國哀未之任。 仲舉既廢居私宅，與鬱皆不自安。 時韓子高在都，人馬素盛，鬱每乘小輿蒙婦人衣與子高謀。 子高軍主告其事，宣帝收子高、仲舉及郁，並於獄賜死。 郁諸男女以帝甥獲免。
Zhongju's son Yu had married Emperor Wen's sister Princess Xin'yi, served as attendant master of writing, and went out as administrator of Xuancheng with gentry and horses from the Emperor. That year he was moved to administrator of Nankang but did not take up the post for national mourning. Dismissed, Zhongju lived at home; he and Yu were both uneasy. Han Zigao then held the capital with strong forces; Yu rode in a small carriage in women's dress to plot with him. Zigao's commander reported it; Emperor Xuan seized Zigao, Zhongju, and Yu and had all three killed in prison. Yu's children were spared as the Emperor's nephews and nieces.
41
垣護之字彥宗，略陽桓道人也。 族姓豪強，石季龍時，自略陽徙鄴。 祖敞仕苻氏，為長樂國郎中令。 伯父遵、父苗仕慕容超，並見委任。 遵為尚書，苗為京兆太守。 宋武帝圍廣固，遵、苗踰城歸降，並以為太尉行參軍。 元嘉中，遵為員外散騎常侍，苗屯騎校尉，仍家下邳。
Yuan Huzhi, styled Yanzong, came from Huandao in Lueyang. The clan was powerful; under Shi Hu they moved from Lueyang to Ye. His grandfather Chang served Former Qin as commandant of the Principality of Changle. His uncle Zun and father Miao served Murong Chao and were both trusted with office. Zun was Master of Writing; Miao was administrator of Jingzhao. When Emperor Wu besieged Guanggu, Zun and Miao climbed down the wall to surrender and became acting aides in the Grand Commandant's army. In Yuanjia Zun was supernumerary palace attendant; Miao was colonel of agile cavalry; the family remained at Xiapi.
42
護之少倜儻，不拘小節，形狀短陋而氣幹強果。 元嘉初為殿中將軍，隨到彥之北侵魏。 彥之將回師，護之書諫，彥之不納，散敗而歸。 文帝聞而善之。 累遷鍾離太守，隨王玄謨入河。 玄謨攻滑台，護之百舸為前鋒，進據石濟。 及魏救將至，馳書勸玄謨急攻之，不見從。 玄謨敗退，不暇報護之，而魏軍悉牽玄謨水軍大艚，連以鐵鎖三重，斷河以絕護之還路。 河水迅急，護之中流而下，每至鐵鎖，以長柯斧斷之，魏人不能禁。 唯失一舸，余舸並全。 留戍麋溝城。 還為江夏王義恭驃騎戶曹參軍，戍淮陰，領濟北太守。
From youth Huzhi was bold and heedless of small rules; short and plain in looks, yet strong and resolute in spirit. At Yuanjia's start he was a palace general and followed Dao Yanzhi north against Wei. When Yanzhi prepared to withdraw, Huzhi wrote in protest; Yanzhi refused; defeat and rout followed. Emperor Wen heard and approved. He rose to administrator of Zhongli and followed Wang Xuemo into the river country. Xuemo attacked Huatai; Huzhi with a hundred boats led the van and seized Shiji. When Wei relief neared he urged Xuemo to attack at once; Xuemo would not listen. Xuemo retreated in defeat without warning Huzhi; Wei towed his great ships, chained the river in triple iron links, and cut off Huzhi's return. The current ran swift; Huzhi went downstream; at each iron chain he cut with a long-shafted axe; Wei could not stop him. He lost only one boat; the rest escaped intact. He remained to garrison Migou. On return he was household aide to Flying Cavalry Prince of Jiangxia Liu Yigong, garrisoned Huaiyin, and concurrently governed Jibei.
43
三十年，文帝崩，還屯曆下。 孝武入討，率所領馳赴，帝以為冀州刺史。 及南郡王義宣反，兗州刺史徐遺寶，護之妻弟也，與護之書，勸使同逆。 護之馳使以聞，率軍隨沈慶之等擊魯爽。 義宣率大眾至梁山，與王玄謨相持，柳元景率護之及護之弟詢之、柳叔仁、鄭琨等出鎮新亭，玄謨求救，上遣元景等進據南州。 護之水軍先發，大破賊將龐法起，元景乃以精兵配護之追討，會朱修之已平江陵，至尋陽而還。 遷徐州刺史，封益陽縣侯。 後拜青、冀二州刺史，鎮曆城。
In year thirty Emperor Wen died; he returned to encamp below Li. When Emperor Xiaowu marched to punish the usurper, Huzhi raced to join with his command; the Emperor made him inspector of Jizhou. When Prince of Nan Commandery Liu Yixuan rebelled, Inspector of Yanzhou Xu Yibao, Huzhi's brother-in-law, wrote urging him to join. Huzhi reported by fast messenger and led troops with Shen Qingzhi to strike Lu Shuang. Yixuan brought his host to Liangshan against Wang Xuemo; Liu Yuanjing led Huzhi, Xunzhi, Liu Shuren, and Zheng Kun to garrison Xinting; Xuemo called for aid and the Emperor sent Yuanjing south. Huzhi's fleet moved first and broke rebel general Pang Faqi; Yuanjing gave him elite troops to pursue; when Zhu Xiuzhi had pacified Jiangling they reached Xunyang and returned. He became inspector of Xuzhou and was enfeoffed as Marquis of Yiyang. Later he governed Qing and Ji and garrisoned Licheng.
44
大明三年，徵為右衛將軍還，于道聞竟陵王誕據廣陵反，護之即率部曲受車騎大將軍沈慶之節度。 事平，轉臨淮太守，徙豫州刺史。 護之所蒞，多聚斂賄貨，七年，坐下獄免官。 明年，起為太中大夫，未拜，以憤卒。 諡壯侯。
In Daming year three he was recalled as General of the Right Guard; on the road he heard Prince of Jingling Liu Dan held Guangling; he at once led his men under Shen Qingzhi. When it was settled he became administrator of Linhuai, then inspector of Yuzhou. In every post he amassed bribes; in year seven he was imprisoned and dismissed. The next year he was recalled as Grand Master of the Palace; before accepting he died of rage. He was posthumously titled Marquis Zhuang.
45
崇祖字敬遠，一字僧寶，護之弟子也。 父詢之，驍敢有氣力。 元凶弑逆，副輔國將軍張柬。 時張超之手行大逆，亦領軍隸柬，詢之規殺之，慮柬不同，柬宿有此志，又未測詢之同否，互相觀察。 會超之來論事，柬色動，詢之覺之，即共定謀，遣召超之。 超之疑之不至，改宿他所，詢之不知，徑往斫之，殺其僕於床，因與柬南奔。 時孝武已即位，以為積射將軍。 梁山之役，力戰中流矢卒，贈冀州刺史。
Chongzu, styled Jingyuan, also called Sengbao, was Huzhi's nephew. His father Xunzhi was bold and strong. When the Crown Prince murdered his father, he served under General Who Supports the State Zhang Dong. Zhang Chao-zhi had done the great crime and also commanded troops under Dong; Xunzhi plotted to kill him but feared Dong would disagree; Dong had long wished it yet had not tested Xunzhi; each watched the other. When Chao-zhi came to discuss affairs Dong's face changed; Xunzhi noticed; together they fixed the plan and summoned Chao-zhi. Chao-zhi suspected and stayed elsewhere; Xunzhi did not know, went straight to strike, killed a servant in the bed, then fled south with Dong. Emperor Xiaowu had already ascended; he was made General of Strong Crossbows. At Liangshan he fought hard, took an arrow midstream, and died; posthumously inspector of Jizhou.
46
崇祖年十四，有幹略，伯父護之謂門宗曰：「此兒必大吾門。」 後隨徐州刺史薛安都入魏。 尋又率門宗據朐山歸宋，求淮北立功，明帝以為北琅邪、蘭陵二郡太守，封下邳子。
At fourteen Chongzu had capacity and plan; Huzhi told the clan: "This boy will greatly enlarge our house." Later he followed Inspector of Xuzhou Xue Andu into Wei. Soon he led the clan to hold Qushan and return to Song, seeking merit north of the Huai; Emperor Ming made him administrator of North Langya and Lanling and enfeoffed him as Viscount of Xiapi.
47
及齊高帝鎮淮陰，崇祖時戍朐山，既受都督，祗奉甚至，帝以其武勇，善待之，崇祖謂其妹夫皇甫肅曰：「此真吾君也」，遂密佈誠節。 高帝威名已著，宋明帝尤所忌疾，徵為黃門郎，規害高帝，崇祖建策以免，由是甚見親，參豫密謀。 元徽末，高帝懼禍，令崇祖入魏。 崇祖即以家口托皇甫肅，勒數百人將入魏界，更聽後旨，會蒼梧廢，召崇祖還都。 及齊高帝新踐阼，恐魏致討，以送劉昶為辭。 以為軍沖必在壽春，非崇祖莫可為捍，徙為豫州刺史、監豫、司二州諸軍事，封望蔡侯。
When Qi Gaozu garrisoned Huaiyin, Chongzu garrisoned Qushan; under overall command he served with utmost reverence; the Emperor favored his courage; Chongzu told his brother-in-law Huangfu Su: "This is truly my lord," and secretly pledged loyalty. Gaozu's fame was established; Emperor Ming especially feared him, summoned him as Attendant Within, and plotted harm; Chongzu devised escape; by this he was deeply trusted in secret counsel. At Yuanhui's end Gaozu feared disaster and sent Chongzu into Wei. He entrusted his household to Huangfu Su, led several hundred men toward Wei, and waited orders; when Cangwu was deposed he was recalled to the capital. When Gaozu newly ascended he feared Wei would attack and used sending Liu Chang as pretext. He judged the thrust must fall on Shouyang and only Chongzu could defend; he made him inspector of Yuzhou, overseeing Yuzhou and Sizhou, and enfeoffed him as Marquis of Wangcai.
48
建元二年，魏遣劉昶攻壽春，崇祖乃於城西北立堰塞肥水，堰北起小城，使數千人守之。 謂長史封延伯曰：「虜必悉力攻小城，若破此堰，放水一激，急逾三峽，自然沈溺，豈非小勞而大利邪？」 及魏軍由西道集堰南，分軍東路，肉薄攻小城，崇祖著白紗帽，肩輿上城，手自轉式，日晡時，決小史埭，水勢奔下，魏攻城之眾，溺死千數，大眾退走。 初，崇祖于淮陰見高帝，便自比韓、白，唯上獨許之。 及破魏軍啟至，上謂朝臣曰：「崇祖恒自擬韓、白，今真其人也。」 進為都督。 崇祖聞陳顯達、李安人皆增給軍儀，乃啟求鼓吹橫吹。 上敕曰：「韓、白何可不與眾異。」 給鼓吹一部。
In Jianyuan year two Wei sent Liu Chang against Shouyang; Chongzu built a dam northwest of the city to block the Fei, raised a small city north of it, and set several thousand men to hold it. He told Chief Clerk Feng Yanbo: "The enemy will throw all strength at the small city; break the dam and one rush of water through the gorges will drown them—is that not small labor for great gain?" Wei gathered south of the dam, split an eastern force, and pressed the small city at close quarters. Chongzu in a white gauze cap rode a litter to the wall and opened the sluice himself; at dusk the dam broke; thousands drowned; the host retreated. When Chongzu first met Gaozu at Huaiyin he compared himself to Han Xin and Bai Qi; only the Emperor approved. When news of the victory came the Emperor told the court: "Chongzu always likened himself to Han and Bai—now he truly is." He was advanced to overall command. Hearing Chen Xianda and Li Anren had received added military insignia, he asked for drums and transverse flutes. The Emperor wrote: "Han and Bai—how should they not differ from the multitude?" He received one set of drums and pipes.
49
崇祖慮魏復攻淮北，啟徙下蔡戍於淮東。 其冬，魏果欲攻下蔡，及聞內徙，乃揚聲平除故城。 眾疑魏當於故城立戍，崇祖曰：「下蔡去鎮咫尺，魏豈敢置戍，實是欲除此城，正恐奔走，殺之不盡耳。」 魏果夷掘下蔡城，崇祖大破之。
Fearing Wei would attack north of the Huai again, he asked to move the Xiapi garrison east of the river. That winter Wei meant to attack Xiapi; hearing of the move inland they proclaimed they would level the old city. Men suspected Wei would garrison the old city; Chongzu said: "Xiapi is a hand's breadth from headquarters—Wei would not dare garrison it. They mean to raze the city; I only fear they flee before we can kill them all." Wei razed Xiapi; Chongzu routed them.
50
武帝即位，為五兵尚書，領驍騎將軍。 初，豫章王有盛寵，武帝在東宮，崇祖不自附。 及破魏軍，詔使還朝，與共密議，武帝疑之，曲加禮待。 酒後謂曰：「世間流言，我已豁懷抱，自今已後，富貴見付也。」 崇祖拜謝。 及去後，高帝復遣荀伯玉敕以邊事，受旨夜發，不得辭東宮，武帝以為不盡誠心，銜之。 永明元年，詔稱其與荀伯玉構扇邊荒，誅之。 故人無敢至者，獨有前豫州主簿夏侯恭叔出家財為殯，時人以比欒布。 恭叔譙國人，崇祖為豫州，聞其才義，辟為主簿，兼掌書翰。 高帝即位，方鎮皆有賀表，王儉見崇祖啟，咨嗟良久，曰：「此恭叔辭也。」 時宋氏封爵，隨運遷改，恭叔以柳元景中興元勳，劉勉殞身王事，不宜見廢，上表論之，甚有義理。 事雖不從，優詔見答。 後為竟陵令，惠化大行。 木連理，上有光如燭，咸以善政所致。
When Emperor Wu ascended he was Master of the Five Armies and concurrent General of Valiant Cavalry. Prince of Yuzhang once enjoyed great favor; Emperor Wu in the Eastern Palace—Chongzu did not attach himself. After breaking Wei an edict recalled him for secret counsel; Emperor Wu suspected him and treated him with strained courtesy. After wine he said: "I have set aside the world's rumors; from now on wealth and honor are yours." Chongzu bowed in thanks. After he left Gaozu sent Xun Boyu with border orders; he set out by night and could not bid the Eastern Palace farewell; Emperor Wu thought him insincere and resented it. In Yongming year one an edict accused him and Xun Boyu of stirring the border wilds and he was executed. No old friend dared come; only former Yuzhou chief clerk Xiahou Gongshu spent family wealth on the burial—men compared him to Luan Bu. Gongshu of Qiao: when Chongzu governed Yuzhou he heard his talent and recruited him as chief clerk and scribe. When Gaozu ascended each frontier sent congratulations; Wang Jian saw Chongzu's memorial, sighed, and said: "This is Gongshu's wording." Song enfeoffments shifted with the times; Gongshu argued Liu Yuanjing's restoration merit and Liu Mian's death for the throne should not be abolished—his memorial had strong reason. Though rejected, a gracious edict answered. Later as magistrate of Jingling benevolent rule spread widely. Trees joined in one trunk with candle-like light; all attributed it to good government.
51
榮祖字華先，崇祖從父兄也。 父諒之，宋北中郎府參軍。 榮祖少學騎射，或曰：「何不學書？」 榮祖曰：「曹操、曹丕，上馬橫槊，下馬談論，此可不負飲食矣。 君輩無自全之伎，何異犬羊乎。」
Rongzu, styled Huaxian, was Chongzu's elder cousin. His father Liangzhi was an aide in the Northern Army under a Song prince. From youth Rongzu studied riding and archery; someone said: "Why not study books?" Rongzu said: "Cao Cao and Cao Pi—mounted they level spears, dismounted they discuss doctrine; that already repays one's keep. You have no skill to preserve yourselves—what are you but dogs and sheep?"
52
宋孝建中，為後軍參軍。 伯父豫州刺史護之子襲祖為淮陽太守，孝武以事徙之嶺南，護之不食而死。 帝疾篤，又使殺襲祖。 臨死與榮祖書曰：「弟嘗勸我危行言遜，今果敗矣。」
Under Song's Xiaojian reign he was aide in the rear army. His uncle Huzhi's son Xizu governed Huaiyang; Emperor Xiaowu for an affair banished him to the southern mountains; Huzhi starved himself to death. When the Emperor's illness worsened he again sent to kill Xizu. Facing death Xizu wrote Rongzu: "You once urged me to walk the edge and speak humbly—now I am ruined indeed."
53
明帝初即位，四方反，除榮祖冗從僕射，遣還徐州，說刺史薛安都曰：「天之所廢，誰能興之？ 使君今不同八百諸侯，如下官所見，非計中也。」 安都曰：「今京都無百里地，莫論攻圍取勝，自可相拍手笑殺； 且我不欲負孝武。」 榮祖曰：「孝武之行，足致餘殃，今雖天下雷同，正是速死，無能為也。」 安都曰：「不知諸人云何，我不畏此，大蹄馬在近，急便作計。」 榮祖被拘不得還，因為安都將領。 安都引魏軍入彭城，榮祖攜家屬南奔朐山。 齊高帝在淮陰，榮祖歸附，高帝保持之。 及宋明帝崩，高帝書送榮祖詣僕射褚彥回，除東海太守。 彥回謂曰：「蕭公稱卿幹略，故以郡相處。」
When Emperor Ming first took the throne rebels rose everywhere; Rongzu was made supernumerary attendant-in-ordinary and sent back to Xuzhou to persuade Inspector Xue Andu, saying, "What Heaven has cast down, who can raise up? If you now refuse to join the eight hundred lords, in my view that is no sound plan." Andu said: "The capital has scarcely a hundred li left; never mind winning by siege—we can clap hands and laugh one another to death; and I do not wish to fail Emperor Xiaowu." Rongzu said: "Emperor Xiaowu's conduct brought lingering calamity; though all under Heaven now echoes alike, this is rushing to death and nothing can be done." Andu said: "I do not know what the others will do; I do not fear this—Great Hoof Horse is near, so act quickly." Rongzu was detained and could not return, and served as one of Andu's commanders. Andu brought Wei troops into Pengcheng; Rongzu fled south to Qushan with his family. Gaozu of Qi was at Huaiyin; Rongzu submitted and Gaozu protected him. When Emperor Ming of Song died, Gaozu sent Rongzu to Vice Director Chu Yanhui, who appointed him administrator of Donghai. Yanhui told him: "Lord Xiao praised your capacity and strategy, and therefore gave you a commandery."
54
榮祖善彈，登西樓，見翔鵠雲中，謂左右當生取之。 於是彈其兩翅，毛脫盡，墜地無傷，養毛生後飛去，其妙如此。
Rongzu was skilled with the crossbow; from the west tower he saw a goose in the clouds and told his men to take it alive. He shot both wings; feathers fell clean; it dropped unharmed; when feathers regrew it flew away—such was his skill.
55
元徽末，蒼梧凶狂，恒欲危害高帝。 帝欲奔廣陵起事，荀伯玉等皆贊成之。 榮祖諫曰：「領府去台百步，公走人豈不知。 若單騎輕行，廣陵人一旦閉門不相受，公欲何之？ 公今動足下床，恐便有叩台門者，公事去矣。」 蒼梧明夕自至領府扣門，欲害帝，帝嘗以書案下安鼻為楯，以鐵為書鎮如意，甚壯大，以備不虞，欲以代杖。 蒼梧至府，而曰：「且申今夕，須至一處作適，還當取奴。」 尋遇殺。 齊高帝謂榮祖曰：「不用卿言，幾無所成。」 豫佐命勳，封將樂縣子。
At Yuanhui's end Cangwu was vicious and always wished to harm Gaozu. Gaozu wished to flee to Guangling to raise troops; Xun Boyu and others approved. Rongzu remonstrated: "Headquarters is a hundred paces from the throne—if you run, who will not know? If you ride alone, once Guangling shuts its gate, whither will you go? If you step off the bed tonight, I fear men will knock at the ministry gate—your affair is lost." The next evening Cangwu came to headquarters to kill Gaozu; Gaozu had placed a nose-shield under the desk and a stout iron book-weight like a ruyi as staff against surprise. Cangwu arrived and said: "Tonight let us delay; I must go elsewhere for sport—returning I will take the slave." Soon he was killed. Gaozu told Rongzu: "Without your words I would nearly have failed entirely." For assisting the founding he was enfeoffed as Viscount of Jiangle.
56
永明二年，為尋陽相、南新蔡太守。 被告作大形棺材盛仗，使鄉人載度江北，案驗無實，見原。 後拜兗州刺史。 初，巴東王子響事，方鎮皆啟稱子響為逆，榮祖曰：「此非所宜言，政應雲劉寅等孤負恩獎，逼迫巴東，使至於此。」 時諸啟皆不得通，事平後，上乃省視，以榮祖為知言。 九年卒。
In Yongming year two he was administrator of Xunyang and South Xincai. Accused of making a great coffin for weapons and having countrymen carry it north—the charge failed—and he was pardoned. Later he was inspector of Yanzhou. In Prince of Badong's affair every frontier called the prince rebel; Rongzu said: "That is not fit—properly Liu Yin and others betrayed grace and drove Badong to this." Then no memorial passed; after the affair the Emperor reviewed them and judged Rongzu knowing. He died in year nine.
57
從弟曆生，亦為驍將，位太子右率。 性苛暴，與始安王遙光同反，伏誅。
His cousin Lisheng was also a fierce general and right leader of the heir. Harsh and violent by nature, he rebelled with Prince of Shian Yao Guang and was executed.
58
閎字叔通，榮祖從父也。 父遵，位員外常侍。 閎為宋孝武帝南中郎參軍。 孝武帝即位，以為交州刺史。 時交土全實，閎罷州還，資財钜萬。 孝武末年貪欲，刺史二千石罷任還都，必限使獻奉，又以蒱戲取之，要令罄盡乃止。 閎還至南州，而孝武晏駕，擁南資為富人。 明帝初，以為司州刺史。 北破薛道摽，封樂鄉縣男。 出為益州刺史。 蜀還之貨，亦數千金，先送獻物，傾西資之半，明帝猶嫌其少。 及閎至都，詣廷尉自簿，先詔獄官留閎，於是悉送資財，然後被遣。 凡蠻夷不受鞭罰，輸財贖罪，謂之賧，時人謂閎被賧刺史。 曆度支尚書，衛尉。 齊高帝輔政，使褚彥回為子晃求閎女，閎辭以「齊大非偶」，帝雖嘉其退讓，帶而心不能歡，即以晃婚王伷女。 謂豫章王嶷曰：「前欲以白象與垣公婚者，重其夷澹，事雖不遂，心常依然。」 白象，晃小字也。 及高帝即位，以有誠心，封爵如故。 卒于金紫光祿大夫，諡曰定。 子憘伯襲爵。
Hong, styled Shutong, was Rongzu's uncle. His father Zun was attendant outside the regulars. Hong served as aide in the Southern Central Guard under Emperor Xiaowu of Song. When Emperor Xiaowu took the throne, Hong became inspector of Jiaozhou. Jiaozhou was then prosperous; when Hong left office and returned, his wealth ran to tens of thousands. Late in his reign Emperor Xiaowu was greedy: returning governors and two-thousand-shi officials were forced to offer tribute, and he also stripped them through gambling until they had nothing left. Hong had reached the south when Emperor Xiaowu died suddenly; keeping his southern wealth, he became a rich man. Early in Emperor Ming's reign he became inspector of Sizhou. He defeated Xue Daobiao in the north and was enfeoffed Baron of Lexiang. He went out as inspector of Yizhou. Wealth returning from Shu also ran to thousands in gold; he sent tribute first, giving up half his western assets, yet Emperor Ming still thought it too little. When Hong reached the capital he reported to the commandant of justice; an edict had already ordered him detained, and only after he surrendered all his assets was he released. Barbarians who paid wealth instead of accepting punishment called it dan; contemporaries called Hong the "ransomed governor." He served successively as minister of revenue and commandant of the guard. While Gaozu of Qi assisted government, Chu Yanhui sought Hong's daughter for his son Huang; Hong declined, saying "Qi is too great a match." Though the Emperor praised his modesty, he was displeased and had Huang marry Wang You's daughter instead. He told Prince of Yuzhang Ni: "When I wished to marry White Elephant to Lord Yuan, I valued his calm detachment; though it failed, my feeling remains." White Elephant was Huang's childhood name. When Gaozu took the throne, Hong's title remained unchanged for his loyalty. He died as grand master of the golden seal and purple girdle, posthumous title Ding. His son Xibo inherited the title.
59
憘伯少負氣豪俠，妙解射雉，尤為武帝所重，以為直合將軍。 與王文和俱任，頗以地勢陵之。 後出為巴西、梓潼二郡太守，時文和為益州刺史，曰：「每憶昔日俱在合下，卿時視我，如我今日見卿。」 因誣其罪，馳信啟之，又輒遣蕭寅代憘伯為郡。 憘伯亦別遣啟台，閉門待報，寅以兵圍之。 齊明帝輔政，知其無罪，不欲乖文和，乃敕憘伯解郡。 還為寅軍所躡，束手受害。 閎弟子曇深，以行義稱。 為臨城縣，罷歸，得錢十萬，以買宅奉兄，退無私蓄。 先是劉楷為交州，謂王儉曰：「欲一人為南土所聞者同行。」 儉良久曰：「得之矣。 昔垣閎為交州，閎弟閱又為九真郡，皆著信南中。 羽林監曇深者，閱之子也。 雅有學行，當令同行。」 及隨楷，未至交州而卒，楷惆悵良久。 曇深妻鄭氏，字獻英，滎陽人，時年二十，子文凝始生，仍隨楷到鎮。 晝夜紡織，傍無親援，年既盛美，甚有容德，自厲冰霜，無敢望其門者。 居一年，私裝了，乃告楷求還。 楷大驚曰：「去鄉萬里，固非孀婦所濟」，遂不許。 鄭又曰：「垣氏羇魂不反，而其孤藐幼，妾若一同灰壤，則何面目以見先姑。」 因大悲泣。 楷愴然許之，厚為之送，於是間關危險，遂得至鄉。 葬畢，乃曰：「可以下見先姑矣。」 時文凝年甫四歲，親教經禮，訓以義方，州裏稱美。
Xibo from youth was fierce and heroic and marvelously skilled at shooting pheasants; the Emperor valued him and made him general of the direct guard. He served with Wang Wenhe and somewhat looked down on him by rank. Later as administrator of Baxi and Zitong, when Wenhe was inspector of Yizhou he said: "I recall when we served together—you looked at me as I now look at you." He framed a charge, reported by fast letter, and hastily sent Xiao Yin to replace Xibo. Xibo memorialized separately, shut his gates awaiting reply; Yin surrounded him with troops. Emperor Ming assisting government knew him guiltless yet would not cross Wenhe and ordered Xibo to relinquish the commandery. Returning he was trailed by Yin's army and killed bound hand and foot. Hong's nephew Tanshen was famed for righteous conduct. As magistrate of Lincheng, dismissed and returned with a hundred thousand cash, he bought a house for his elder brother and kept no private savings. Earlier Liu Kai as inspector of Jiaozhou told Wang Jian: "I want one man known in the south to go with me." Jian was silent long, then said: "I have him. Formerly Yuan Hong governed Jiaozhou; Hong's brother Yue governed Jiuzhen—both trusted in the south. Feathered Forest supervisor Tanshen is Yue's son. He has learning and conduct and should go along." Following Kai he died before reaching Jiaozhou; Kai grieved long. Tanshen's wife Lady Zheng, styled Xianying, of Xingyang, was then twenty; son Wennin just born; she still followed Kai to the post. Day and night she spun; no kin near; young and beautiful yet hard as frost—none dared approach her gate. After a year her preparations were complete and she asked Kai to return. Kai alarmed said: "Ten thousand li from home—surely not for a widow," and refused. Lady Zheng said: "Yuan's wandering soul does not return; their orphans remain; if I become ash with them, with what face see my mother-in-law?" She wailed greatly. Kai mournfully agreed and sent her off richly; through peril she reached home. When burial was done she said: "Now I can go down to see my mother-in-law." Wennin was four; she taught rites and classics; the district praised her.
60
又有吳興丘景賓，字彥先，亦以節義聞。 父康祖，無錫令，亡後，僮僕數十人及宅宇產畜，景賓悉讓與兄鎮之。 鎮之又推齋屋三間與之，亦不肯受。 太守孔山士歎曰：「聞柳下惠之風，貪夫廉，懦夫有立志。 復見之矣。」 終於奉朝請。
Also Qiu Jingbin of Wuxing, styled Yanxian, was famed for integrity. His father Kangzu was magistrate of Wuxi; after death servants, house, fields, and livestock—Jingbin yielded all to elder brother Zhenzhi. Zhenzhi offered three study rooms; he would not accept. Administrator Kong Shanshi sighed: "Hearing Liuxiahui's wind, the greedy grow honest and cowards find resolve. I see it again." He ended as court gentleman for attendance.
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張興世字文德，竟陵人也。 本單名世，宋明帝益為興世。 少家貧，白衣隨王玄謨代蠻。 後隨孝武鎮尋陽，補南中郎參軍督護，從入討元凶。 及南郡王義宣反，又隨玄謨出梁山，有戰功。
Zhang Xingshi, styled Wende, came from Jingling. Originally named Shi; Emperor Ming added Xing to make Xingshi. Poor from youth, in plain clothes he followed Wang Xuemo against the Man. Later he followed Emperor Xiaowu at Xunyang, became aide in the southern army with command protection, and joined the march to punish the Crown Prince. When Liu Yixuan rebelled he again followed Xuemo to Liangshan and won merit.
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明帝即位，四方反叛，進興世龍驤將軍，領水軍拒南賊。 時台軍據赭圻，朝廷遣吏部尚書褚彥回就赭圻行選。 是役也，皆先戰授位，檄板不供，由是有黃紙劄。 南賊屯在鵲尾，既相持久不決，興世建議曰：「賊據上流，兵張地勝，今以奇兵潛出其上，使其首尾周惶，進退疑沮，糧運艱礙，乃制勝之奇。」 沈攸之、吳喜並贊其計，分戰士七千配之。 興世乃令輕舸泝流而上，旋復回還，一二日中輒復如此，使賊不為之防。 賊帥劉胡聞興世欲上，笑之曰：「我尚不敢越彼下取揚州，興世何人欲據我上。」 興世謂攸之等曰：「上流唯有錢溪可據。」 乃往據之。 及劉胡來攻，將士欲迎擊之，興世曰：「賊來尚遠而氣驟盛矣。 夫驟既力盡，盛亦易衰，此曹劌所以破齊也。 將士不得妄動。」 賊來轉近，興世乃命壽寂之、任農夫率壯士擊走之。 袁顗慍曰：「賊據人肝藏裏，云何得活。」 是月朔，赭圻軍士伐木為柵，于青山遇一童子曰：「賊下旬當平，無為自苦。」 忽不見。 至是果敗。 興世又遏其糧道，賊眾漸饑，劉胡棄軍走，袁顗仍亦奔散，興世遂與吳喜共平江陵。 遷右軍將軍，封作唐縣侯。 曆雍州刺史，左衛將軍。 以疾，徙光祿大夫，尋卒。 興世居臨沔水，自襄陽以下至於江二千里，先無洲嶼，興世初生，當其門前水中，一旦忽生洲，年年漸大。 及興世為方伯，而洲上遂十餘頃。
When Emperor Ming ascended, rebels rose everywhere; Xingshi was made Flying Dragon General and led the fleet against southern rebels. The court army held Zheqi; the court sent Master of Personnel Chu Yanhui to Zheqi to conduct selection. In that campaign ranks came after battle; boards ran short, so yellow-paper chits were used. Rebels held Quewei; stalemate lingered. Xingshi proposed: "They hold the upper stream on advantageous ground; send odd troops secretly above to make head and tail anxious, advance and retreat doubtful, grain hard to move—that is the winning stroke." Shen Youzhi and Wu Xi praised the plan and gave him seven thousand men. He sent light boats upstream then back, repeating for days, so rebels did not guard. Rebel commander Liu Hu heard and laughed: "I dare not cross below to take Yangzhou—who is Xingshi to hold ground above me?" Xingshi told Youzhi: "On the upper stream only Qianxi can be held." He went and held it. When Liu Hu attacked the men wished to meet him; Xingshi said: "They come from far yet their spirit flares sudden and strong. Sudden means strength spent; strong means decline easy—this is how Cao Gui broke Qi. Men must not move rashly." Rebels drew near; Xingshi ordered Shou Jizhi and Ren Nongfu to lead stalwarts and drive them off. Yuan Yan raged: "Rebels hold ground in men's liver and entrails—how can they live?" On the month's first the Zheqi army cut palisades; at Qingshan a boy said: "Rebels fall below month's end—do not torment yourselves." He vanished. By then they were indeed defeated. Xingshi blocked their grain route; rebels hungered; Liu Hu fled; Yuan Yan scattered; Xingshi with Wu Xi pacified Jiangling. He became General of the Right and Marquis of Zuotang. He governed Yongzhou and was General of the Left Guard. Ill, he was made Grand Master of Splendid Happiness and soon died. Xingshi lived on the Mian; from Xiangyang down two thousand li there had been no islets; at his birth an islet suddenly rose before his gate and grew year by year. When he became a frontier lord the islet exceeded ten qing.
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父仲子由興世致位給事中，興世欲將往襄陽，愛鄉里不肯去。 嘗謂興世曰：「我雖田舍老公，樂聞鼓角，汝可送一部，行田時欲吹之。」 興世素恭謹畏法，譬之曰：「此是天子鼓角，非田舍公所吹。」 興世欲拜墓，仲子謂曰：「汝衛從太多，先人必當驚怖。」 興世減撤而行。 子欣泰。
His father Zhongzi through Xingshi reached Attendant Within; Xingshi wished to take him to Xiangyang; he loved home and would not go. He once told Xingshi: "Though I am an old farmer, I love drums and horns—send me a set to blow when I walk the fields." Respectful and law-fearing, Xingshi said: "Those are the Son of Heaven's drums—not for a field old man." When Xingshi wished to visit tombs Zhongzi said: "Your guard is too large—the ancestors will be alarmed." Xingshi reduced his escort. His son was Xintai.
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欣泰字義亨，不以武業自居，好隸書，讀子史。 年十餘，詣吏部尚書褚彥回，彥回問：「張郎弓馬多少？」 答曰：「性怯畏馬，無力牽弓。」 彥回甚異之。 曆諸王府佐。
Xintai, styled Yiheng, did not rest on martial merit; he loved clerical script and read histories. At ten-odd he visited Master of Personnel Chu Yanhui; Yanhui asked: "Young Zhang, how are bow and horse?" He replied: "By nature I fear horses and have no strength to draw a bow." Yanhui was deeply struck. He served on various princes' staffs.
65
宋元徽中，興世在家，擁雍州還資見錢三千萬，蒼梧王自領人劫之，一夜垂盡，興世憂懼病卒。 欣泰兄欣華時為安成郡，欣泰悉封餘財以待之。 齊建元初，為尚書都官郎。 武帝與欣泰早款遇，及即位，以為直合將軍。 後為武陵內史，坐贓私殺人被糾，見原。 還復為直合、步兵校尉，領羽林監。
During the Yuanhui era Xingshi was at home with thirty million cash from Yongzhou; King Cangwu personally led men to rob him, and in one night nearly all was gone; Xingshi, anxious and afraid, died of illness. Xintai's elder brother Xinhua was then in Ancheng; Xintai sealed all remaining wealth to await him. At the start of Jianyuan he became a punishments lang in the Masters of Writing. Emperor Wu and Xintai had been close early on; when he took the throne he made Xintai general of the direct guard. Later as interior governor of Wuling he was impeached for corruption and murder and was pardoned. On return he again became direct guard general and colonel of footsoldiers, commanding the Feathered Forest Guard.
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欣泰通涉雅俗，交結多是名素，下直輒著鹿皮冠，衲衣錫杖，挾素琴。 有以啟武帝，帝曰：「將家兒，何敢作此舉止。」 後從駕出新林，敕欣泰廉察，欣泰停仗，于松樹下飲酒賦詩。 制局監呂文度以啟武帝，帝大怒，遣出。 數日意釋，召謂曰：「卿不樂武職，當處卿清貴。」 除正員郎。 出為鎮軍中兵參軍、南平內史。
Xintai ranged through refined and common worlds; his friends were mostly famous gentry; off duty he wore deerskin cap, patched robe, tin staff, and plain zither. Someone reported to Emperor Wu; the Emperor said: "A general's son—how dare such bearing." Later escorting the Emperor to Xinlin he ordered Xintai to inspect incorruptibly; Xintai halted his escort, drank wine under a pine, and composed poetry. Bureau Director Lu Wendu reported; the Emperor was furious and sent him out. Days later his mood eased; he summoned Xintai: "You dislike martial office—I will place you in pure honor." He was made regular attendant lang. He went out as aide in the Pacifying Army and administrator of Nanping.
67
巴東王子響殺僚佐，上遣中庶子胡諧之西討，使欣泰為副。 欣泰謂諧之曰：「今太歲在西南，逆歲行軍，兵家深忌，若且頓軍夏口，宣示禍福，可不戰而禽也。」 諧之不從，進江津，尹略等見殺。 事平，欣泰徙為隨王子隆鎮西中兵，改領河東內史。 子隆深相愛重，數與談宴，意遇與謝脁相次。 典簽密啟之，武帝怒，召還都。 屏居家巷，置宅南岡下，面接松山，欣泰負弩射雉，恣情閑放，聲伎雜藝，頗多開解。 明帝即位，為領軍長史，遷諮議參軍。 上書陳便宜二十條，其一條言宜毀廢塔寺，帝並優詔報答。
When Prince Xiang of Badong killed his staff, the Emperor sent palace aide Hu Xiezhi west to suppress him with Xintai as deputy. Xintai told Xiezhi: "The Grand Year is now in the southwest; marching against the year is deeply taboo. If we halt at Xiakou and proclaim fortune and disaster, we can take them without fighting." Xiezhi refused; he advanced to Jiangjin, and Yin Lue and others were killed. When the affair was settled Xintai became central army aide under Prince of Sui Zilong and interior governor of Hedong. Zilong deeply valued him, often feasted and talked with him, and favored him next only to Xie Tiao. The chief clerk reported this in secret; Emperor Wu was angry and recalled him to the capital. Living quietly at home below South Hill facing Pine Mountain, Xintai shouldered a crossbow and shot pheasants, lived freely, and was accomplished in music, performers, and other arts. When Emperor Ming took the throne he became chief clerk to the director of the guard, then counselor-in-attendance. He submitted twenty proposals for practical reform; one urged destroying pagodas and temples; the Emperor answered all with gracious edicts.
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建武二年，魏圍鍾離，欣泰為軍主，隨崔慧景救援。 及魏軍退，而邵陽洲上余兵萬人，求輸馬五百匹假道，慧景欲斷路攻之。 欣泰說慧景曰：「歸師勿遏，古人畏之，死地兵不可輕也。」 慧景乃聽過。 時領軍蕭坦之亦援鍾離，還啟明帝曰：「邵陽洲有死賊萬人，慧景、欣泰放而不取」。 帝以此皆不加賞。 四年，出為永陽太守。 永元初，還都。 崔慧景圍城，欣泰入城守備。 事甯，除廬陵王安東司馬。 梁武帝起兵，東昏以欣泰為雍州刺史。 欣泰與弟前始安內史欣時密謀結太子右率胡松、前南譙太守王靈秀、直合將軍鴻選、含德主帥苟勵、直後劉靈運等，並同契會。 帝遣中書舍人馮元嗣監軍救郢，茹法珍、梅蟲兒及太子右率李居士、制局監楊明泰等十餘人相送中興堂。
In Jianwu year two Wei besieged Zhongli; Xintai commanded troops and followed Cui Huijing to rescue. When Wei withdrew, more than ten thousand remnant soldiers on Shaoyang Isle asked five hundred horses for passage; Huijing wished to cut the road and attack. Xintai told Huijing: "Do not intercept a returning army—ancients feared this; men in dead ground must not be lightly treated." Huijing let them pass. Director of the Guard Xiao Tanzhi also rescued Zhongli; returning he reported: "Ten thousand dead rebels on Shaoyang Isle—Huijing and Xintai let them go." For this the Emperor gave neither reward. In year four he became administrator of Yongyang. At Yongyuan's start he returned to the capital. When Cui Huijing besieged the city Xintai entered to defend. When it was settled he became eastern major to Prince of Luling. When Liang Wudi raised troops, Dong Hun made Xintai inspector of Yongzhou. Xintai with younger brother former administrator of Shian Xintshi secretly plotted with Right Leader Hu Song, former administrator of Nanqiao Wang Lingxiu, Direct Guard General Hong Xuan, Hede chief Gou Li, and Direct Attendant Liu Lingyun—all bound in covenant. The Emperor sent Palace Attendant Feng Yuansi to supervise rescue at Ying; Ru Fazhen, Mei Chong'er, Right Leader Li Jushi, Bureau Director Yang Mingtai, and more than ten others saw them off at Zhongxing Hall.
69
欣泰等使人懷刀，於坐斫元嗣，碩墜果柈中。 又斫明泰，破其腹。 蟲兒傷數創，手指皆墜。 居士踰牆得出，茹法珍亦散走還台。 靈秀仍往石頭迎建安王寶寅，率文武數百，唱警蹕，至杜姥宅。 欣泰初聞事發，馳馬入宮，冀法珍等在外，城內處分，必盡見委，因行廢立。 既而法珍得返，處分關門上仗，不配欣泰兵，鴻選在殿內亦不敢發，城外眾尋散。 少日事覺，欣泰、胡松等皆伏誅。
Xintai's men hid knives; at the seat they hacked Yuansi; his head fell into the fruit tray. They hacked Mingtai and broke open his belly. Chong'er took several wounds; his fingers fell off. Jushi climbed the wall and escaped; Ru Fazhen scattered and ran back to the palace. Lingxiu went to Stone City to welcome Prince of Jian'an Bao Yin, leading hundreds civil and military, proclaiming the imperial guard, reaching Old Woman's House. Hearing the affair start, Xintai raced into the palace, hoping Fazhen was outside and full disposition would fall to him for deposition and establishment. But Fazhen returned; gates closed, guards set, no troops paired to Xintai; Hong Xuan in the hall dared not act; outside forces soon scattered. Within days it was exposed; Xintai, Hu Song, and others were all executed.
70
欣泰少時，有人相其當得三公，而年裁三十。 後屋瓦墜傷額，又問相者，云：「無復公相，年壽更增，亦可得方伯耳。」 死時年三十六。
When young someone read his face: he would reach the Three Dukes yet live only to thirty. Later roof tiles wounded his forehead; he asked again; the reader said: "No longer a duke's aspect; years increase—you may still become a frontier lord." He died at thirty-six.
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論曰：王仲德受任二世，能以功名始終。 入關之役，檀、王咸出其下。 元嘉北討，則受督於人，有藺生之志，而無關公之憤，長者哉。 道豫雖地居豐、沛，榮非恩假，時曆四代，人焉不絕，文武之道，不墜斯門，殆為優矣。 垣氏宋、齊之際，世著武節，崇祖陳力疆埸，以韓、白自許，竟而杜郵之酷，可為痛哉。 興世鵲浦之奇，遠有深致，其垂組建旆，豈徒然也。
The judgment: Wang Zhongde served two reigns and kept merit and fame from start to finish. In the Pass campaign Tan and Wang both ranked below him. In Yuanjia's northern expedition he served under others; he had Lin Xiangru's forbearance but not Lord Guan's wrath—an elder indeed. Daoyu though his land lay in Feng and Pei, his glory was earned, not borrowed; through four reigns the line did not fail—civil and martial ways held in one gate—perhaps excellence indeed. The Yuans between Song and Qi showed martial discipline through generations; Chongzu exerted strength on the frontier and likened himself to Han and Bai—yet died by Duyou's cruelty—how painful. Xingshi's marvel at Quepu had far-reaching depth; that he received ribbons and raised banners was no accident.