Overview
Emperor Ling was an Eastern Han Emperor.
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal name | Liu Hong | 劉宏 | Liu Hong |
| Posthumous name | Emperor Ling the Filial and Sagely | 孝灵帝 | Xiào Líng dì |
Life and dates
Death
- AD 189 去後一歲，帝崩Circumstance died a year after Dong Fu and Liu Yan entered Shu, and the realm fell into great chaos · Source Text 去後一歲，帝崩Directly stated · Book of Later Han 93, passage 100
- AD 189 中平六年died 崩 / 宫车晏驾Directly stated · Book of Later Han 113, passages 110, 125, 130
- AD 189 其月浃辰DiedDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 119, passage 185
- DiedDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 110, passage 141
- suddenly diedSuddenDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 115, passage 85
Attested activity
- AD 178 光和元年十月Directly stated · Book of Later Han 93, passages 88-89
- AD 189 中平六年Directly stated · Book of Later Han 114, passage 237
- AD 168 to AD 179 AD 168-179Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 85, passage 204
- AD 185 中平二年Directly stated · Book of Later Han 115, passage 75
- AD 184 中平元年Directly stated · Book of Later Han 118, passages 51, 87
- AD 189 中平六年Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 113, passages 110, 125
Show 23 more source-backed claims
- AD 189 中平六年四月Directly stated · Book of Later Han 119, passages 184-185
- AD 178 光和元年二月Directly stated · Book of Later Han 119, passages 215, 218
- AD 168 其明年Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 116, passage 52
- AD 189 去後一歲，帝崩Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 93, passage 100
- AD 168 孝灵帝建寧元年六月Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 113, passage 171
- AD 168 居无幾何而桓帝崩Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 114, passage 232
- AD 168 建宁元年五月Directly stated · Book of Later Han 119, passage 172
- AD 168 建議立靈帝Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 114, passage 234
- AD 178 to AD 184 灵帝光和中Directly stated · Book of Later Han 118, passage 12
- AD 178 灵帝光和元年Directly stated · Book of Later Han 118, passages 41, 84
- AD 183 灵帝光和六年冬Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 116, passage 67
- AD 168 灵帝即位Directly stated · Book of Later Han 76, passages 17-18; Book of Later Han 110, passage 137
- AD 169 灵帝建宁二年四月Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 116, passage 85
- AD 171 灵帝建宁四年二月Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 116, passage 55
- AD 171 灵帝建宁四年二月癸卯Directly stated · Book of Later Han 117, passage 90
- AD 168 to AD 189 灵帝时Directly stated · Book of Later Han 93, passage 97
- AD 168 灵帝时Directly stated · Book of Later Han 110, passage 139; Book of Later Han 119, passage 200
- AD 175 灵帝熹平四年Directly stated · Book of Later Han 115, passage 72
- AD 173 熹平二年Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 117, passage 92
- AD 173 熹平二年十二月Directly stated · Book of Later Han 119, passages 179-180
- AD 184 to AD 189 靈帝中平中Directly stated · Book of Later Han 114, passage 239
- AD 184 to AD 189 靈帝之末Directly stated · Book of Later Han 114, passages 236, 273
- AD 168 to AD 172 靈帝建寧中Directly stated · Book of Later Han 114, passage 255
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Descendant of Filial King of Hejian (河间孝王)great-grandson 曾孙 · paternal line · 3 generationsDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 110, passage 137
- Child of Empress Dowager Yongle (永乐后)emperor's mother 帝母Directly stated · Book of Later Han 118, passage 90
- Spouse of Empress Song (宋皇后)empress 皇后 · Primary marriage · EndedDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 119, passage 218
- Spouse of Empress He (何皇后)empress 皇后 · Primary marriageStrongly inferred · Book of Later Han 118, passages 86, 89
- Parent of Son of Empress He (皇太后之子)father 父Strongly inferred · Book of Later Han 118, passages 89, 92
Key source chapters
- Book of Later Han, Chapter 118 Volume 107: Five Elements Part Five 8 passages
- Book of Later Han, Chapter 115 Volume 104: Five Elements Part Two 7 passages
- Book of Later Han, Chapter 116 Volume 105: Five Elements Part Three 7 passages
- Book of Later Han, Chapter 114 Volume 103: Five Elements Part One 6 passages
- Book of Later Han, Chapter 85 Volume 77: Biographies of Cruel Officials 5 passages
Career and standing
- Marquis of Jiedu 解犊侯HeldDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 110, passage 137; Book of Later Han 114, passage 232
- Marquis of Jieduting 解犊亭侯HeldDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 116, passage 52
- Marquis of the Jiedu pavilion 解瀆亭侯HeldDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 76, passage 17
- HeldAD 168 to AD 189 灵帝时 · Reigning emperor · 灵帝Directly stated · Book of Later Han 93, passages 88, 97
- Retained Yang Qiu because of merit at Jiujiang and appointed him Gentleman ConsultantWith Yang Qiu (阳球)Directly stated · Book of Later Han 85, passage 204
- AccededDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 110, passage 137
Show 3 more source-backed claims
- AD 168 建議立靈帝Directly stated · Book of Later Han 114, passage 234
- AD 168 灵帝即位Directly stated · Book of Later Han 76, passage 18
- EmperorDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 116, passage 52
Places and affiliations
- Eastern Han 东汉Relation RuledDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 117, passage 90
- Eastern Han 汉Relation UnderStrongly inferred · Book of Later Han 115, passage 72
- Later Han 後漢Relation Active inDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 113, passage 171
- Polity Eastern Han 东汉 · Relation RuledDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 118, passage 12
- Polity Eastern Han 東漢 · Relation RuledDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 76, passage 18; Book of Later Han 85, passage 204
- Polity Eastern Han 汉 · Relation RuledDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 119, passage 172
Show 4 more source-backed claims
- Polity Eastern Han 漢 · Relation ServedDated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 114, passages 232, 234
- Polity Han 汉 · Relation RuledDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 116, passage 52
- At Hejian 河間 · Relation Came fromDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 114, passage 232
- At Jiedu 解犊 · Relation Enfeoffed atDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 114, passages 231-232
Events and relationships
- Accepted Han Shuo's warning of an eclipse and ordered the officials to be in full dressDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 93, passages 88-89
- Asked Cai Yong about black vapor omenPortent · WitnessDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 118, passages 84-85
- Came from Hejian in white canopied carriagesTravel · EntrantDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 114, passage 232
- Established as emperor on proposalDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 114, passage 234
- Summoned Dong Fu as Palace Attendant on He Jin's recommendation and valued him greatlyDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 93, passage 97
- Wolves entered JinyangOmen · SovereignDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 114, passage 255
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment entrusted affairs to eunuchs; royal house feeble · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 118, passage 34
- Assessment failed to restrain himself and return to ritual; cruel extravagance grew · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 115, passage 81
Source notes
- Historicity historical
References in the histories
56 passages
No matching passages.