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Overview Life and dates Places and affiliations Works and attributed material Source notes References in the histories
Overview Founder was a ruler.
Identity Historical · Male
Life and dates Attested activity Places and affiliations Polity Later Liang 後梁 · Relation FoundedWorks and attributed material References in the histories
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Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 18 Volume 18 Book of Later Liang 18: Biographies 8: Zhang Wenyu, Xue Yiju, Zhang Ce, Du Xiao, Jing Xiang, Li Zhen · 11 passages
先皇時，河朔半在，親禦虎臣驍將，猶不得志於敵人。
Under the late emperor half of Hebei was still ours; he led his best commanders in person and still could not beat the foe.
初，貞明中，史臣李琪、張袞、郤殷象、馮錫嘉奉詔修撰《太祖實錄》三十卷，敘述非工，事多漏略。
Early in Zhenming, Li Qi, Zhang Gun, Xi Yinxiang, and Feng Xijia were ordered to compile thirty scrolls of the 《Veritable Records of the Founding Emperor》; the narrative was poor and much was left out.
太祖平徐，得劉氏嬖之，屬翔喪妻，因以劉氏賜之。
When the Founder took Xuzhou he favored Lady Liu; Xiang was widowed, and the Founder gave her to him.
及翔漸貴，劉猶出入太祖臥內，翔情禮稍薄，劉於曲室讓翔曰：「卿鄙餘曾失身於賊耶，以成敗言之，尚讓巢之宰輔，時溥國之忠臣，論卿門第，辱我何甚，請從此辭！」
As Xiang rose, Liu still visited the Founder's bedchamber; Xiang's affection cooled. In private she reproached him: "Do you scorn me for having served rebels? Shang Rang was Huang Chao's chancellor and Shi Pu a loyal minister of the state—and by your own birth, how deeply you insult me! I will leave you!"
劉恃太祖之勢，
Lady Liu relied on the Founder's favor,
太祖四鎮時，劉已得「國夫人」之號。
While the Founder held four commands she already bore the title "State Lady."
〈（《五代史補》：敬翔應《三傳》，數舉不第，發憤投太祖，願備行陣。
(The 《Supplement to the History of the Five Dynasties》 says Xiang had studied the Three Commentaries, failed the exams repeatedly, and in anger joined the Founder, asking to serve in the ranks.
太祖問曰：「足下通《春秋》久矣，今吾主盟，其為戰欲效春秋時可乎？」
The Founder asked: "You have long known the 《Spring and Autumn》; I now lead the alliance—should our wars follow the Spring and Autumn model?"
太祖大悅，以為知兵，遽延之幕府，委以軍事，竟至作相。）〉
The Founder was delighted, judged him a strategist, brought him into headquarters, entrusted him with military affairs, and in the end made him chancellor.)〉
會盜據浙東，不克之任，因西歸過汴，以策略幹太祖，太祖奇之，辟為從事。
Rebels held Zhedong and he could not take office; passing Bian on his return west he presented a plan to the Founder, who was impressed and took him on staff.
太祖兼領鄆州，署天平軍節度副使。
When the Founder also held Yunzhou he made him deputy commissioner of the Tianping army.