Ge Shuhan (哥舒翰) | 24 Histories

Overview

Ge Shuhan was a general.

Life and dates

Death

AD 756 十五載
Secretly killed · Authority An Lushan (安祿山) · At the park 苑中
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 281

Age

40
AD 730 to AD 746 年四十，遭父喪 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 204

Attested activity

AD 756 六月四日
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 246, 268
AD 756 其年三月
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 282-283
AD 752 十一載…其冬
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 229, 231, 237
AD 752 十一載
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 227-228
AD 747 天寶六載…其冬
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 218-220
AD 747 天寶六載
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 211, 213-214

Show 15 more source-backed claims

AD 749 八載
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 224-226
AD 738 to AD 746 初事節度使王倕…遷左衛郎將
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 205-206, 208-210
AD 754 十三載
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 240
AD 753 十二載
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 238
AD 756 十五載
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 246
AD 755 及安祿山反
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 244
AD 742 to AD 755 天寶
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 55, passages 114, 117
AD 747 天寶六年
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 114, passage 3
AD 756 天寶十五年六月
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 23
AD 755 to AD 756 天寶末
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 131, passage 30
AD 730 to AD 746 年四十，遭父喪
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 204
AD 748 明年
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 221-222
AD 742 to AD 756 河西節度使哥舒翰表為行軍司馬
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 117, passage 88
AD 756 潼關失守
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 114, passage 15
AD 755 玄宗幸蜀前
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 113, passages 96-97

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Descendant of Ju (沮)
grandfather 祖 · paternal line · 2 generations
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 201
Child of Daoyuan (道元)
father 父 · paternal line
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 202, 204
Child of Mother of Ge Shuhan (翰母尉遲氏)
mother 母 · maternal line
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 230, 232
Parent of Son of Ge Shuhan (哥舒翰之子)
son 子
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 226

Kinship Role son · Count 1 · granted a fifth-rank office
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 226

Key source chapters

Origins and identity

Ethnicity Turgesh Geshu tribe 突騎施哥舒部落
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 199-200
Lineage descendant of Geshu tribal chieftains of the Turgesh 突騎施首領哥舒部落之裔
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 199

Career and standing

acting censor-in-chief 攝御史大夫
AD 749 八載 · Added
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 226
acting Palace Aide to the Censor-in-Chief 攝御史中丞
AD 747 天寶六載…其冬 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 219
Chamberlain for Court Ceremonials 鴻臚卿
AD 747 天寶六載…其冬 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 219
prefect of Xiping 西平郡太守
AD 747 天寶六載…其冬 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 219
acting general of the Right Martial Guard 右武衛員外將軍
AD 747 天寶六載 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 211
commander of Guanxi forces 都知關西兵馬使
AD 747 天寶六載 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 211

Show 27 more source-backed claims

commander of the Heyuan army 河源軍使
AD 747 天寶六載 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 211
deputy commissioner of Longxi 隴西節度副使
AD 747 天寶六載 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 211
acting supernumerary Chamberlain for Court Ceremonials 鴻臚員外卿
AD 749 八載 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 226
Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent 太子太保
AD 754 十三載 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 240
Military Commissioner of Hexi 河西節度使
AD 753 十二載 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 238
Associate Grand Councilor of the Secretariat-Chancellery 同中書門下平章事
AD 756 十五載 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 246
Left Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs 尚書左僕射
AD 756 十五載 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 246
Minister of Works 司空
AD 756 十五載 · Appointed · Polity rebel court 賊庭
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 279
Vanguard Commander of the Heir Apparent's Army 皇太子先鋒兵馬元帥
AD 755 及安祿山反 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 244
deputy of the Great Battle Army 大鬥軍副使
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 208
yamen general 衙將
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 206
Censor-in-Chief 御史大夫
AD 754 十三載 · Concurrent
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 240
Longyou Military Commissioner 隴右節度使
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 55, passage 117
Military Commissioner of Hexi 河西節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 117, passage 88
Military Governor of Hexi 河西節度使
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 96
military governor of Longyou 隴右節度使
Held · From Source Date: Text: 天寶六年 · Western Year: AD 747
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 114, passage 3
langjiang of the Left Guard 左衛郎將
Promoted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 209
Longyou commissioner for disbursements and military colonies, in charge of commission affairs 隴右節度支度營田副大使，知節度事
AD 747 天寶六載…其冬 · Replaced · With Wang Zhongsi (王忠嗣)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 219
another three hundred households of substantive enfeoffment 更加實封三百戶
AD 754 十三載 · Granted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 240
substantive fief of three hundred households 食實封三百戶
AD 753 十二載 · Granted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 238
Grand Master for Splendid Happiness with the Ceremonial of the Three Dukes 開府儀同三司
AD 752 十一載 · Granted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 227
Special Advancement 特進
AD 749 八載 · Granted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 226
Duke of Liang 涼國公
AD 753 十二載 · Advanced
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 238
Prince of Xiping Commandery 西平郡王
AD 753 十二載 · Enfeoffed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 238
Entered
AD 754 十三載 · Disabled by illness · At home 家
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 243
Entered
AD 756 十五載 · Imprisoned · At the park 苑中
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 281
Used as envoy by rebels
AD 756 至五月 · Captivity
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 114, passage 15

Places and affiliations

AD 753 十二載
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 238
AD 756 十五載
Polity Yan rebel regime 賊庭 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 279, 290
Tang 唐
Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 96
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 211, 219
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 23; Old Book of Tang 114, passage 3; Old Book of Tang 117, passage 88
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 55, passage 117

Show 11 more source-backed claims

At Anxi 安西
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 202
AD 754 十三載
At the capital 京 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 243
AD 754 十三載
At Tumen 土門 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 242
AD 753 十二載
At Hexi 河西 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 238
AD 755 及安祿山反
At Tong Pass 潼關 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 244, 247
At Anxi 安西 · Relation Ancestral residence
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 202
At Hexi 河西 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 117, passage 88
At Hexi 河西 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 204
At Longyou 隴右 · Relation Posted to · From Source Date: Text: 天寶六年 · Western Year: AD 747
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 114, passage 3
At Longyou 隴右 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 55, passage 117
At the capital 京師 · Relation Sojourned
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 204

Learning and skills

Book of Han 漢書
Relation Read
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 207
Zuo Commentary to the Spring and Autumn Annals 左氏春秋傳
Relation Read
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 207
Skill spear 槍 · Level master
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 216

Works and attributed material

letters summoning Li Guangbi and others 作書招光弼等
AD 756 十五載 · Relation Author
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 280
Requested transfer of Du Qianyun troops
AD 756 十五載 · Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 253
Speech · Speaker · Addressed to Lushan (祿山) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 234-235
AD 756 十五載
Advice · Addressee · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 247
AD 756 十五載
Memorial · Author · Paraphrased
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 258
AD 756 十五載
Memorial · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 260-264

Show 4 more source-backed claims

AD 756 十五載
Speech · Speaker · With An Lushan (安祿山) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 277-278
AD 756 十五載
Speech · Addressee · Speaker An Lushan (安祿山) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 276
此人後當為節度使矣。
Prediction · Speaker · With Lu Jiong (魯炅) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 114, passage 5
Speech · Addressee · With Yan Zhenqing (顏真卿)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 114, passage 4

Events and relationships

Agreed in heart but did not act
AD 756 十五載 · Political · Subject
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 248
Ambushed Tibetan raiders
AD 747 天寶六載 · Military · Commander · At Jishi Army 積石軍
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 213-214
Attacked fortress
AD 749 八載 · Military · Supreme commander · At Shibao Fortress 石堡城
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 224-225
Attacked Tibet
Military · Commander · At Xincheng 新城
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 208
Beat deputy to death
Legal · Perpetrator
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 208
Beheaded
AD 756 十五載 · Legal · Executor · With Du Qianyun (杜乾運) · At Tong Pass 潼關
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 253

Show 31 more source-backed claims

Built city
AD 748 明年 · Military · Builder · At Responding Dragon City on Dragon Colt Island 應龍城
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 222
Built garrison
AD 748 明年 · Military · Builder · At Shenwei Army on the Qinghai 神威軍於青海上
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 221
Came to court and banqueted
AD 752 十一載…其冬 · Diplomatic · Guest · At pool pavilion of Cui Huitong east of the capital 京城東駙馬崔惠童池亭
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 229
Defeated at Taolin
AD 756 天寶十五年六月 · Military · Commander · At Taolin 桃林 · Outcome Tong Pass fell
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 112, passage 23
Defeated Tibet
Military · Commander · At Kubo Sea 苦拔海
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 210
Directed operations
Military · Strategist · At Xincheng 新城 · With Wang Chui (王倕)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 205
Encamped
AD 756 六月四日 · Military · Commander · At western plain of Lingbao 靈寶縣之西原
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 268
Falsely accused
AD 756 十五載 · Legal · Accuser · With An Sishun (安思順)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 282
Fought and was defeated
AD 756 八日 · Military · Commander · With Cui Qianyu (崔乾祐) · At Lingbao 靈寶
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 269, 271, 275
Held feast
AD 747 天寶六年 · Social · Host · With Yan Zhenqing (顏真卿) · At Longyou 隴右
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 114, passage 4
Led army out of pass
AD 756 十五載 · Military · Commander · At Tong Pass 潼關
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 267
Observed mourning in capital
AD 730 to AD 746 年四十，遭父喪 · Personal · Mourner
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 204
Pleaded for
AD 747 天寶六載…其冬 · Political · Advocate · With Wang Zhongsi (王忠嗣)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 220
Recalled to command
AD 755 及安祿山反 · Military · Commander · With The Emperor (天子) · At Tong Pass 潼關
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 244
Seized and surrendered
AD 756 八日 · Military · Captive · With Huoba Guiren (火拔歸仁)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 275
Speared pursued foes
Military · Combatant
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 216
Stopped from replying
Personal · Interlocutor · With Gao Lishi (高力士)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 237
Suffered stroke
AD 754 十三載 · Medical · Patient · At Tumen garrison 土門軍
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 242
Summoned
AD 756 至五月 · Diplomatic · Envoy · With Lu Jiong (魯炅) · Outcome Refused · sent by the rebels after Tong Pass fell
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 114, passage 15
Watched from midstream boat
AD 756 八日 · Military · Observer · With Tian Liangqiu (田良丘)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 271
Relation Reconciled as brothers with · Person Lushan (祿山) · Intermediary Person Ids Emperor Xuanzong (玄宗)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 228
Relation Reconciled as brothers with · Person Sishun (思順) · Intermediary Person Ids Emperor Xuanzong (玄宗)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 228
Relation Patron of · Person Pei Mian (裴冕)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 117, passage 88
Relation Commander of · Person Wang Nande (王難得)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 213
Relation Patron of · Person Lu Jiong (魯炅)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 114, passages 3, 5
Relation At odds with · Person Lushan (祿山)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 228
Relation Commander of · Person Yang Jinghui (楊景暉)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 213
Relation At odds with · Person Sishun (思順)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 228
Relation Entrusted government to · Person Tian Liangqiu (田良丘)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 255
Relation Subordinate of · Person Wang Chui (王倕)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 205
Relation Subordinate of · Person Wang Zhongsi (王忠嗣)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 206, 208

Assessments and attributes

Assessment accepted rebel office and clung to life; failed loyalty compared with Yan Gaoqing · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 290
Assessment bold, chivalrous, kept promises, gambled and drank · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 203
Assessment court praised his righteousness and courage · Mode named-source-report Source Work the court 朝廷
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 220
Assessment did not personally handle army affairs and entrusted unfit men · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 286
Assessment gave freely and valued honor; gentlemen attached to him · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 207
Assessment indulged revenge while holding imperial military power · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 282

Show 6 more source-backed claims

Assessment shameful for not dying for his lord · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 297
loved drinking and indulged in music and women
Habit
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 241
longstanding wind ailment (stroke) worsened so that he no longer handled army affairs in person
Illness
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 242, 255
AD 749 八載
Item a thousand bolts of goods 物千匹 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 226
AD 749 八載
Item manor and residence 莊宅各一所 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 226
AD 756 十五載
Item forged letter purported to be from An Lushan to An Sishun 偽令人為祿山遺思順書 · Relation Caused to be made
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 282

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 199, 238; Old Book of Tang 112, passage 23; New Book of Tang 55, passage 117
Value historical
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 117, passage 88
Combined commissioner stipends not less than one million cash monthly
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 55, passage 117
family was wealthy
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 203

References in the histories

Search passages

History

53 passages

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 104Volume 100 Biographies 50: Yin Sizhen, Li Jie, Jie Wan, Bi Gou, Su Xiang, Zheng Weizhong, Wang Zhiyin, Lu Congyuan, Li Chaoyin, Pei Cui, Wang Qiu · 43 passages

Open chapter

哥舒翰，突騎施首領哥舒部落之裔也。 Ge Shuhan was descended from the Geshu tribe of the Turgesh.

初事節度使王倕，倕攻新城，使翰經略，三軍無不震懾。 He first served Commissioner Wang Chui; when Chui attacked Xincheng he put Han in charge of strategy, and the whole army stood in awe of him.

翰好讀《左氏春秋傳》及《漢書》，疏財重氣，士多歸之。 He loved the Zuo Commentary and the Book of Han, gave freely, and valued loyalty; men of talent flocked to him.

忠嗣以為大鬥軍副使，嘗使翰討吐蕃於新城，有同列為副者，見翰禮倨，不為用，翰怒，撾殺之，軍中股怵。 Zhongsi made him deputy of the Great Battle Army and once sent him against Tibet at Xincheng; a fellow deputy refused his orders because Han was arrogant — Han beat him to death, and the army trembled.

後吐蕃寇邊，翰拒之於苦拔海，其眾三行，從山差池而下，翰持半段槍當其鋒擊之，三行皆敗，無不摧靡，由是知名。 When Tibet raided the border he met them at Kubo Sea; their army descended the mountains in three columns; Han with a short spear charged the van and shattered all three — from that he won fame.

至是，翰使王難得、楊景暉等潛引兵至積石軍，設伏以待之。 Han sent Wang Nande and Yang Jinghui to Jishi with a hidden force to ambush them.

吐蕃以五千騎至，翰於城中率驍勇馳擊，殺之略盡，餘或挺走，伏兵邀擊，匹馬不還。 Five thousand Tibetan horsemen came; Han led a charge from the city and killed nearly all; the survivors fled into the ambush — not one horse returned.

翰有家奴曰左軍，年十五六，亦有膂力。 His slave Zuojun, fifteen or sixteen, was strong as well.

翰善使槍，追賊及之，以槍搭其肩而喝之，賊驚顧，翰從而刺其喉，皆剔高三五尺而墮，無不死者。 Han was a master of the spear; overtaking a foe he laid the spear on his shoulder and shouted; when the man turned Han stabbed his throat and hurled him several feet — none survived.

敕召翰至，與語悅之，遂以為鴻臚卿，兼西平郡太守，攝御史中丞，代忠嗣為隴右節度支度營田副大使，知節度事。 Han was summoned to court; the emperor was pleased with him and made him Chamberlain for Court Ceremonials (Honglu qing), prefect of Xiping, acting Palace Aide to the Censor-in-Chief, and acting Longyou commissioner for disbursements and military colonies in Zhongsi's place, in charge of commission affairs.

仍極言救忠嗣，上起入禁中，翰叩頭隨之而前，言詞慷慨，聲淚俱下，帝感而寬之，貶忠嗣為漢陽太守，朝廷義而壯之。 He pleaded passionately for Zhongsi; the emperor withdrew to the inner palace and Han followed, kowtowing, speaking with passion through tears; the emperor was moved and demoted Zhongsi to prefect of Hanyang — the court admired his loyalty.

八載，以朔方、河東群牧十萬眾委翰總統攻石堡城。 In the eighth year a hundred thousand men from the Shuofang and Hedong horse herds were placed under Han to take Shibao.

翰使麾下將高秀巖、張守瑜進攻，不旬日而拔之。 Han sent Gao Xiuyan and Zhang Shouyu to attack; within ten days the fortress fell.

翰素與祿山、思順不協，上每和解之為兄弟。 Han had long been at odds with Lushan and Sishun; the emperor often reconciled them as brothers.

其冬，祿山、思順、翰並來朝，上使內侍高力士及中貴人於京城東駙馬崔惠童池亭宴會。 That winter all three came to court; the emperor had Gao Lishi and other eunuchs entertain them at the pool pavilion of Cui Huitong east of the capital.

祿山以思順惡翰，嘗銜之，至是忽謂翰曰：「我父是胡，母是突厥； Lushan, who disliked Han because Sishun did, suddenly said, "My father was Hu and my mother Turkic;

翰應之曰：「古人雲，野狐向窟嗥，不祥，以其忘本也。 Han replied, "The ancients said a wild fox howling at its den is ill omened — it has forgotten its roots.

祿山以為譏其胡也，大怒，罵翰曰：「突厥敢如此耶！」 Lushan thought this mocked his foreign birth and raged, cursing, "How dare a Turk speak so!"

翰欲應之，高力士目翰，翰遂止。 Han started to reply; Gao Lishi caught his eye and Han held his tongue.

十二載，進封涼國公，食實封三百戶，加河西節度使，尋封西平郡王。 In the twelfth year he was made Duke of Liang with three hundred households, commissioner of Hexi, and soon Prince of Xiping.

時楊國忠有隙於祿山，頻奏其反狀，故厚賞翰以親結之。 Yang Guozhong was at odds with Lushan and repeatedly reported his rebellious intentions; he richly rewarded Han to win his loyalty.

翰好飲酒，頗恣聲色。 Han drank heavily and indulged in pleasure.

及安祿山反，上以封常清、高仙芝喪敗，召翰入，拜為皇太子先鋒兵馬元帥，以田良丘為御史中丞，充行軍司馬，以王思禮、鉗耳大福、李承光、蘇法鼎、管崇嗣及蕃將火拔歸仁、李武定、渾萼、契苾寧等為裨將，河隴、朔方兵及蕃兵與高仙芝舊卒共二十萬，拒賊於潼關。 When An Lushan rebelled, because Feng Changqing and Gao Xianzhi had been defeated, the emperor summoned Han and appointed him Vanguard Commander of the Heir Apparent's Army; Tian Liangqiu was made Vice Censor-in-Chief and Campaigning Major; Wang Sili, Qian'er Dafu, Li Chengguang, Su Fading, Guan Chongsi, and the barbarian generals Huoba Guiren, Li Wuding, Hun E, Qibi Ning, and others were made deputy generals — Hexi, Longyou, and Shuofang troops and barbarian soldiers together with Gao Xianzhi's old troops, two hundred thousand in all, to resist the rebels at Tong Pass.

十五載，加翰尚書左僕射、同中書門下平章事。 In the fifteenth year he was made Left Vice Director and Associate Grand Councilor.

翰至潼關，或勸翰曰：「祿山阻兵，以誅楊國忠為名，公若留兵三萬守關，悉以精銳回誅國忠，此漢挫七國之計也，公以為何如？」 At Tong Pass someone advised him, "Lushan marches under the banner of punishing Yang Guozhong — leave thirty thousand to hold the pass and march your best troops back to kill Guozhong, as the Han did against the Seven States — what say you?"

翰心許之，未發。 Han agreed in his heart but did not act.

翰慮為所圖，乃上表請乾運兵隸於潼關，遂召乾運赴潼關計事，因斬之。 Han feared a plot against him, asked that Qianyun's troops be attached to Tong Pass, summoned Qianyun there on pretense of consultation, and executed him.

自是，翰心不自安。 From then on Han was uneasy.

先是，翰數奏祿山雖竊河朔，而不得人心，請持重以弊之，彼自離心，因而翦滅之，可不傷兵擒茲寇矣。 Han had repeatedly urged that though Lushan had seized Hebei he lacked popular support — hold firm and wear them down, let them split of themselves, and destroy this bandit without heavy losses.

翰奏曰：「賊既始為AT逆，祿山久習用兵，必不肯無備，是陰計也。 Han memorialized, "The rebels have risen in treason; Lushan is a veteran commander — he will not be unprepared; this is a trap.

楊國忠恐其謀己，屢奏使出兵。 Yang Guozhong, fearing Han plotted against him, repeatedly urged an advance.

上久處太平，不練軍事，既為國忠眩惑，中使相繼督責。 The emperor, long at peace and unused to war, was swayed by Guozhong; palace envoys pressed Han in succession.

翰不得已，引師出關。 Han had no choice and led the army out.

翰及良丘浮船中流以觀進退，謂乾祐兵少，輕之，遂促將士令進，爭路擁塞，無復隊伍。 Han and Liangqiu watched from a boat midstream, thought Qianyu's force small, and ordered an advance — the troops jammed the road in disorder.

軍既敗，翰與數百騎馳而西歸，為火拔歸仁執降於賊。 Defeated, Han fled west with a few hundred horsemen and was seized by Huoba Guiren and surrendered to the rebels.

翰懼，俯伏稱：「肉眼不識陛下，遂至於此。 Han prostrated himself in fear and said, "My mortal eyes failed to see Your Majesty, and thus it came to this.

祿山大喜，遂偽署翰司空。 Lushan was delighted and made Han Minister of Works in his false court.

作書招光弼等，諸將報書皆讓翰不死節。 He wrote to summon Guangbi and the others; every reply rebuked Han for failing to die with honor.

祿山知事不諧，遂閉翰於苑中，潛殺之。 Lushan saw the plan would fail, imprisoned Han in the park, and had him killed in secret.

翰之守潼關也，主天下兵權，肆誌報怨，誣奏戶部尚書安思順與祿山潛通，偽令人為祿山遺思順書，於關門擒之以獻。 While holding Tong Pass Han wielded imperial military power, indulged revenge, and falsely accused Revenue Minister An Sishun of communicating with Lushan — forging a letter, seizing Sishun at the gate, and presenting him to court.

哥舒翰廢疾於家，起專兵柄，二十萬眾拒賊關門，軍中之務不親，委任又非其所。 Ge Shuhan, invalid at home, was raised to sole command; two hundred thousand held the pass — yet he did not lead in person and his deputies were unfit.

翰受署賊庭，茍延視息，忠義之道，即可知也，豈不愧於顏杲卿乎！ Han took office under the rebels and clung to life — his loyalty is plain; how could he not blush before Yan Gaoqing!

醜哉舒翰，不能死王。 Shame on Shuhan, who could not die for his sovereign.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 112Volume 108 Biographies 58: Wei Jiansu, Cui Yuan, Cui Huan, Du Hongjian · 1 passage

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十五年六月，哥舒翰兵敗桃林，潼關不守。 In the sixth month of the fifteenth year Geshu Han was defeated at Taolin, and Tong Pass fell.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 113Volume 109 Biographies 59: Feng Gang, Ashinashe'er, Qibi Heli, Heichi Changzhi, Li Duozuo, Li Siye, Bai Xiaode · 1 passage

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河西節度使哥舒翰表為行軍司馬，累遷員外郎中。 Geshu Han, military governor of Hexi, recommended him as campaigning marshal, and he rose through several vice-director posts.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 114Volume 110 Biographies 60: Li Guangbi, Wang Sili, Deng Jingshan, Xin Yunjing · 4 passages

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天寶六年，隴右節度使哥舒翰引為別奏。 In the sixth year of Tianbao, Geshu Han, military governor of Longyou, brought him in as a special memorialist.

顏真卿為監察御史，使至隴右，翰嘗設宴，真卿謂翰曰：「中丞自郎將授將軍，便登節制，後生可畏，得無人乎？」 When Yan Zhenqing served as investigating censor and traveled to Longyou, Geshu Han once held a feast. Zhenqing said to him, "You rose from commandant to general and at once took a frontier command—there is much to fear in the young; surely you have capable men?"

炅時立在階下，翰指炅曰：「此人後當為節度使矣。」 Jiong was standing on the steps below. Han pointed to him and said, "This man will one day be a military governor."

尋而潼關失守，賊使哥舒翰招之，不從。 Soon after Tong Pass fell, the rebels sent Geshu Han to win him over, but he refused.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 117Volume 113 Biographies 63: Miao Jingqing, Pei Mian, Pei Zunqing · 1 passage

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河西節度使哥舒翰表為行軍司馬，累遷員外郎中。 Geshu Han, military commissioner of Hexi, appointed him campaigning marshal, and he rose through several posts to vice director.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 131Volume 127 Biographies 77: Yao Lingyan, Zhang Guangcheng, Yuan Xiu, Qiao Lin, Zhang She, Jiang Zhen, Hong Jinglun, Peng Yan · 1 passage

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天寶末，哥舒翰兵敗潼關，大將王思禮所乘馬中流矢而斃，光晟時在騎卒之中，因下，以馬授思禮。 At the end of the Tianbao era, when Geshu Han was defeated at Tong Pass, the horse of Grand General Wang Sil encountered a stray arrow midstream and collapsed. Guangcheng was then among the mounted soldiers; he dismounted and gave his horse to Sil.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 150Volume 146 Biographies 96: Xue Bo, Bao Fang, Li Ziliang, Li Shuo, Yan Shou, Xiao Xin, Du Ya, Wang Wei, Li Ruochu, Yu Qi, Lu Zheng, Yan Ping, Zheng Yuan, Du Jian, Pei Bin, Xue Pi · 1 passage

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又以哥舒翰聲近，士卒竊議，改封普王，令統攝諸軍，進攻希烈。 Because the name Geshu Han sounded too similar to another, the troops murmured among themselves, so he was re-enfeoffed as Prince of Pu and ordered to take overall command and advance against Xilie.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 55Volume 55 Treatises 51: Finance and Economics 4 · 1 passage

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幽州平盧節度使安祿山、隴右節度使哥舒翰兼使所給，亦不下百萬。 An Lushan of Pinglu and Geshu Han of Longyou likewise drew no less than one million cash monthly from their combined commissioner appointments.