Lei Man (雷滿) | 24 Histories

Overview

Lei Man was a warlord and Military Governor.

IdentityHistorical · Male

Roles

Found in

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Bingren	秉仁	Bǐngrén

Life and dates

Death

AD 901 天復元年
Unspecified · Mode named-source-report Source Work New Tang History 新唐書
Textual variant · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 221
AD 904 to AD 907 天祐中
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 86
Unspecified
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 219

Attested activity

AD 901 天復元年
Textual variant · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 221
AD 880 to AD 881 唐廣明中
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 35
AD 880 to AD 894 廣明初至乾寧中
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passages 13, 209
AD 886 to AD 901 朗州雷滿
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 192

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Parent of Lei Yiangong (雷彥恭)
son 子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 219; New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 86
Parent of Lei Yanxiong (雷彥雄)
son 子
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 228
Parent of Lei Yanwei (雷彥威)
son 子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 221

Key source chapters

Origins and identity

People Group Wuling cave tribes 武陵洞蠻
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 208

Career and standing

Li-Lang military commissioner 澧朗節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 214
military commissioner of Wuzhen 武貞軍節度使
Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 38

Places and affiliations

Tang 唐
Relation Submitted to
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 37
At Wuling 武陵
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 33
At Langzhou 朗州 · Relation Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passages 37, 85
At Yuan River fortifications 沅江 · Relation Fortified
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 225

Works and attributed material

Boast · Speaker · Mode direct-speech Speaker Lei Man (雷滿)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 217

Events and relationships

Founded Native Corps
AD 880 to AD 881 唐廣明中 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 35
Moated walls
Military · Builder · At Yuan River 沅江
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 225
Raided Jingnan
Military · Attacker · At Jingnan 荊南
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 41
Seized Langzhou
Military · Attacker · With Cui Zhu (崔翥)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 37
Relation Subordinate of · Person Gao Pian (高駢)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 36

Assessments and attributes

Assessment disgraced the entrustment of a vice-lord / commissioner · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 231
Assessment fierce, reckless, and savage; tattooed with short hair · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 34
Assessment greedy and cruel · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 216
tattooed body and cut short hair
Physical description
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 34

Source notes

Old History has Yiangong succeed at Man's death; New Tang History has Yanwei establish himself, then Yiangong join Loyalty and Righteousness military commissioner Zhao Kuangning to drive out Yanwei
Field succession-after-death · Witness New Tang History 新唐書
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 17, passages 219, 221
Value historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 18, passage 192
diverted Yuan River as moat and built long bridge at Langzhou
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passage 85
dug a deep pool in headquarters and swam in it for guests
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 41, passages 42-43

References in the histories

Search passages

History

21 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 17Volume 17 Book of Later Liang 17: Biographies 7: Cheng Rui, Du Hong, Tian Yun, Zhao Kuangning, Zhang Ji, Lei Man · 10 passages

Open chapter

初，澧、朗二州，本屬荊南，乾寧中，為土豪雷滿所據。 Li and Lang, once part of Jingnan, fell to the local strongman Lei Man in Qianning.

雷滿者，偏州一草賊爾，令公盍不加兵，而反怨朝廷乎！」 Yet you resent the court over Lei Man, a mere frontier bandit—why not march against him instead?"

雷滿， Lei Man,

〈（《新唐書》：滿字秉仁。）〉 (The 《New Tang History》 gives his style as Bingren.)〉

是時，朝廷以高駢為節度使，駢擢滿為裨將，以領蠻軍。 the court sent Gao Pian as commissioner, and Pian made Man a deputy to lead tribal levies.

駢移鎮淮南，復隸部曲，以悍獷趫健知名。 When Pian moved south, Man stayed in his retinue and won fame for ferocious speed.

滿貪穢慘毒，蓋非人類。 Man's greed and cruelty were scarcely human.

〈（《新唐書》：滿以天復元年卒，子彥威自立，弟彥恭結忠義節度使趙匡凝以逐彥威。）〉 (The New Tang History says: Man died in Tianfu 1; his son Yanwei established himself; Yanwei's younger brother Yiangong joined Loyalty and Righteousness military commissioner Zhao Kuangning to drive out Yanwei.)

先是，滿塹沅江，以周其壘，門臨長橋，勢不可入。 Man had moated the Yuan around his walls; the gate on the long bridge was impregnable.

張佶有讓帥之賢，雷滿辱俾侯之寄，優劣可知矣。 Zhang Ji showed the grace to yield command; Lei Man shamed the trust of a commissioner—the contrast tells all.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 18Volume 18 Book of Later Liang 18: Biographies 8: Zhang Wenyu, Xue Yiju, Zhang Ce, Du Xiao, Jing Xiang, Li Zhen · 1 passage

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湖南馬殷為朗州雷滿所逼，振奉命馳往和解，殷、滿皆稟命。 When Ma Yin of Hunan was harried by Lei Man of Langzhou, Zhen was sent to mediate; both submitted.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 41Volume 41 Miscellaneous Biographies 21: Lu Guangchou, Tan Quanbo, Lei Man, Zhong Chuan, Zhao Kuangning · 10 passages

Open chapter

雷滿，武陵人也。 Lei Man came from Wuling.

唐廣明中，湖南饑，盜賊起，滿與同里人區景思、周嶽等聚諸蠻數千，獵於大澤中，乃擊鮮釃酒，擇坐中豪者，補置伍長，號土團軍，諸蠻從之，推滿為帥。 In the Guangming era famine gripped Hunan and outlaws multiplied. Man, Qu Jingsi, Zhou Yue, and others rallied thousands of hill folk, hunted the great marshes, feasted on fresh kill and strong wine, named the fiercest men squad leaders, and called the band the Native Corps. The tribes followed, and Man became their chief.

是時，高駢鎮荊南，召滿隸麾下，使以蠻軍擊賊。 Gao Pian then held Jingnan. He took Man into his service and set his barbarians on the bandits.

駢徙淮南，滿從至廣陵，逃歸，殺刺史崔翥，遂據朗州，請命於唐。 When Pian moved to Huainan, Man followed him to Guangling, then bolted home, murdered the prefect Cui Zhu, seized Langzhou, and bowed to Tang.

昭宗以澧、朗為武貞軍，拜滿節度使。 Zhaozong formed the Wuzhen circuit from Li and Lang and made Man its military commissioner.

是時，澧陽人向瑰殺刺史呂自牧據澧州，而溪洞諸蠻宋鄴昌、師益等，皆起兵剽掠湖外，滿亦以輕舟上下荊江，攻劫州縣。 Xiang Gui of Liyang killed his prefect Lü Zimu and held Lizhou. Cave chiefs such as Song Yechang and Shi Yi raided the country beyond the lakes. Man skimmed the Yangzi in swift boats, sacking towns along the river.

滿襲破荊南，不能守，焚掠殆盡而去。 Man stormed Jingnan, could not keep it, burned what he could not carry, and left.

滿嘗鑿深池於府中，客有過者，召宴池上，指其水曰：「蛟龍水怪皆窟於此，蓋水府也。」 Man dug a deep pool inside his yamen. When guests came he feasted them beside it and said, pointing at the water: “Dragons and river demons live down there. Call it a water palace.”

滿居朗州，引沅水塹其城，上為長橋，為不可攻之計。 Man made Langzhou his capital. He diverted the Yuan River to moat the walls and built a long bridge across it, planning to make the city impregnable.

天祐中，滿卒，子彥恭自立。 During Tianyou Man died. His son Yan Gong seized power for himself.