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Overview Names Identity Roles Life and dates Family Career and standing Places and affiliations Works and attributed material Events and relationships References in the histories
Overview The translated histories identify Liu Futong as a rebel, statesman, and warlord. This record brings together 20 passages from 2 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.
Names Type English Chinese Pinyin
Personal
Liu Futong
劉福通
Liú Fútōng
Given name
Futong
福通
Fútōng
Surname
Liu
劉
Liú
Personal name
Liu Futong
劉福通
Liú Fútōng
Personal name
Liu Futong
劉福通
Identity
Historicity Historical
Identification Named
Sex Male Life and dates Death Attested activity Source Date: Text: chapter dated contextWestern Year: AD 1358
Source Date: Text: 十五年二月Western Year: AD 1355
Source Date: Text: 至正十一年五月Western Year: AD 1351
Career and standing Label: Grand Guardian / 太保Action: appointed
Label: Vice Director of the Secretariat / 平章政事Action: appointed
Label: chancellor / 丞相Action: assumed
Works and attributed material Events and relationships Kind: politicalRole: perpetratorAction: had Du Zundao beaten to death
Kind: militaryRole: commanderAction: rose in YingzhouDate Context: Source Date: Text: 至正十一年五月Western Year: AD 1351
References in the histories Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.
History of Ming, Chapter 122 Volume 122 Biographies 10: · 19 passages
潁州人劉福通與其党杜遵道、羅文素、盛文鬱等復言「山童，宋徽宗八世孫，當主中國」。
Liu Futong of Yingzhou and his followers—Du Zundao, Luo Wensu, Sheng Wenyu, and others—again declared, "Shantong is the eighth-generation descendant of Song Huizong and should rule China."
至正十一年五月，事覺，福通等遽入潁州反，而山童為吏所捕誅。
In the fifth month of Zhizheng 11 (1351), the plot was exposed; Futong and his men rose immediately in Yingzhou, while officials captured and executed Shantong.
福通據硃皋，破羅山、上蔡、真陽、確山，犯葉、舞陽，陷汝寧、光、息，眾至十余萬，元兵不能禦。
Futong seized Zhugao and stormed Luoshan, Shangcai, Zhenyang, Queshan, Ye, and Wuyang, capturing Runing, Guang, and Xi; his forces swelled past a hundred thousand, and Yuan armies could not stop him.
十五年二月，福通物色林兒，得諸碭山夾河；
In the second month of year 15 (1355), Futong found Lin'er between the rivers at Dangshan;
尊楊氏為皇太后，遵道、文郁為丞相，福通、文素平章政事，劉六知樞密院事。
Lady Yang was honored as Empress Dowager; Zundao and Wenyu became chancellors; Futong and Wensu, Vice Directors of the Secretariat; Liu Liu, Director of the Bureau of Military Affairs.
劉六者，福通弟也。
Liu Liu was Futong's younger brother.
福通嫉之，陰命甲士撾殺遵道，自為丞相，加太保，事權一歸福通。
Futong, jealous, had armed men beat Zundao to death; he took the chancellorship himself, added the title Grand Guardian, and concentrated all power in his own hands.
既而元師大敗福通于太康，進圍亳，福通挾林兒走安豐。
Soon Yuan forces routed Futong at Taikang and besieged Bo; Futong fled with Lin'er to Anfeng.
是年六月，福通帥眾攻汴梁，且分軍三道：關先生、破頭潘、馮長舅、沙劉二、王士誠趨晉、冀；
That June, Futong led his forces against Bianliang and divided them into three columns: Master Guan, Potou Pan, Feng Changjiu, Shaliu Er, and Wang Shicheng marched on Shanxi and Hebei;
田豐者，元鎮守黃河義兵萬戶也，叛附福通，陷濟寧，尋敗走。
Tian Feng had been a Yuan commander of militia along the Yellow River; he defected to Futong, seized Jining, but was soon defeated and driven off.
其秋，福通兵陷大名，遂自曹、濮陷衛輝。
That autumn Futong's forces took Daming, then advanced from Cao and Pu to seize Weihui.
而福通出沒河南北，五月攻下汴梁，守將竹貞遁去，遂迎林兒都焉。
Meanwhile Futong ranged across Henan; in the fifth month he took Bianliang, the defender Zhuzhen fled, and he installed Lin'er as his capital there.
然林兒本起盜賊，無大志，又聽命福通，徒擁虛名。
Yet Lin'er was a bandit chieftain at heart, without grand ambition, and obeyed Futong—holding only a hollow title.
諸將在外者率不遵約束，所過焚劫，至啖老弱為糧，且皆福通故等夷，福通亦不能制。
Generals in the field ignored discipline, burning and looting wherever they went—even eating the old and weak for food; as Futong's former equals, they obeyed him no better than he could command them.
福通計無所出，挾林兒從百騎開東門遁還安豐，後宮官屬子女及符璽印章寶貨盡沒於察罕。
Futong, at his wits' end, fled through the east gate with Lin'er and a hundred horsemen back to Anfeng; the harem, officials, children, seals, and treasures all fell to Chaghan.
福通嘗責李武、崔德逗撓，將罪之。
Futong once blamed Li Wu and Cui De for foot-dragging and was about to punish them.
惟陳猱頭者，獨守益都不下，與福通遙為聲援。
Only Chen Yaotou held out in Yidu, giving distant support to Futong.
福通自安豐引兵赴援，遇元師于火星埠，大敗走還。
Futong marched from Anfeng to relieve the siege but was routed at Mars Ford and driven back.
遂親帥師往救，而珍已入城殺福通。
He led the army personally to the rescue, but Lü Zhen had already entered the city and killed Futong.
History of Yuan, Chapter 207 Volume 207 Biographies 94: Rebellious Ministers · 1 passage