Overview
Liu Pi was a king of Wu and leader of the Rebellion of the Seven States.
PeriodQin and Han
IdentityHistorical · Male
Other names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal name | Wu Pi | 吳濞 | |
| Posthumous name | Eastern Emperor | 東帝 |
Life and dates
Birth
- c. BC 215 濞年二十（高祖十一年）Derivation Nominal age twenty in BC 196 implies birth about BC 215.Derived from the source · Book of Han 44, passage 47
Death
- speared to death 鏦殺By Polity Eastern YueDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 208
- BC 154 三年Beheaded · At Dantu 丹徒Directly stated · Book of Han 6, passage 63
- BC 154 孝景三年Killed · At Dantu 丹徒Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 114, passage 9
- BC 154 孝景三年二月Speared to death after deception by Eastern Yue · Responsible Polity Eastern YueDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 208
Age
- 20BC 196 濞年二十 · Reckoning East Asian nominal ageDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 47
- 62BC 154 寡人年六十二 · Reckoning East Asian nominal ageDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 106
- at Seven Kingdoms revoltYears 62 · Reckoning SuiDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 106
- when campaigning against Qing BuYears 20 · Reckoning SuiDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 47
Attested activity
- BC 154 三年Directly stated · Book of Han 6, passage 57; Records of the Grand Historian 11, passage 24
- BC 195 十二年Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 51, passage 19
- BC 154 吳、楚反時Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 104, passage 43
- BC 154 吳楚反Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 52, passage 107
- BC 195 to BC 154 吳濞…招賓客以千數Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 104, passage 14
- BC 195 to BC 154 吳濞Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 35, passage 170
Show 5 more source-backed claims
- BC 154 吳濞之畔Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 34, passage 56
- BC 154 孝景三年Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 114, passage 8
- BC 154 孝景三年Dated from the passage context · Records of the Grand Historian 114, passages 8-9
- BC 154 王濞Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 129, passage 162
- BC 196 to BC 154 高祖十一年至孝景三年Dated from the passage context · Book of Han 44, passages 47, 208
Family
Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.
- Parent of Crown Prince of Wu (吳太子)crown prince of Wu 吳太子Directly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 56, 58
- Parent of Liu Ju (劉駒)crown prince of Wu 吳王太子Directly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 163, 209
- Child of Liu Zhong (劉仲)son 子Directly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 42, 45
- Parent of Ziju (子駒)son 子Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 114, passage 10
- Sibling of Younger brother of Liu Biyounger brother of the King of Wu 吳王弟 · Uncertain siblingsDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 251
- Parent of Liu Bi's youngest son (少子)youngest son 少子Directly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 107-108
Key source chapters
- Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 114 Treatise on the Eastern Yue 3 passages
- Book of Han, Chapter 44 Volume 35: Princes of Jing, Yan and Wu 42 passages
- Book of Han, Chapter 6 Volume 5: Annals of Emperor Jing 5 passages
- Book of Han, Chapter 2 Volume 1: Annals of Emperor Gaozu 2 3 passages
- Book of Chen, Chapter 35 Volume 35: Xiong Tanlang; Zhou Di; Liu Yi; Chen Baoying 1 passage
Career and standing
- King of Wu 吳王Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 十二年 · Western Year: BC 195Directly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 51, passage 19
- ReceivedGrant three commanderies and fifty-three cities 三郡五十三城Directly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 49
- 立為吳王Directly stated · Book of Han 2, passage 304
- King of Wu 吳王Directly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 49
- Marquis of Pei 沛侯Directly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 45
- King of Wu 吳王Held
Show 1 more source-backed claim
- Marquis of Pei 沛侯HeldDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 45; Records of the Grand Historian 51, passage 19
Places and affiliations
- 吳En WuDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 160, 189
- Polity Western Han 西漢 · Relation Subject ofDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 52, passage 107
- Polity Wu 吳 · Relation Ruled
Works and attributed material
- Reply · Speaker · Addressed to Liu Bang (劉邦) · Direct quotationDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 53
- Declaration · Speaker · Addressed to Marquis of De (德侯) · Direct quotationDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 254
- Rebel manifesto · Author · Addressee Person Ids Liu Ang (劉卬), Liu Xiongqu (劉雄渠), Liu Xian (劉賢), Liu Piguang (劉辟光), Liu Sui (劉遂), Liu Wu (劉戊), Liu An (劉安), Liu Bo (劉勃), Liu Ci (劉賜), son of the former King of Changsha (故長沙王子) · Direct quotationDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 113-144
- Mobilization proclamation · Author and speaker · Direct quotationDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 106-108
- Remark · Speaker · Direct quotationDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 60
Events and relationships
- At age twenty helped defeat Ying BuDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 46-47
- Crossed the Huai with Chu, defeated the Ji strongpoint, and defeated two Liang armiesDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 196-197
- Decided to launch his revolt as the Han court debated further territorial reductionsPolitical · ConspiratorDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 76
- Fled with one thousand picked warriors to Eastern Yue and tried to gather his scattered troopsMilitary · Defeated rebel leaderDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 206-207
- Led Wu rebellionMilitary · Rebel leaderDirectly stated · Book of Later Han 34, passage 56
- Opened the revolt at Guangling, crossed the Huai, and combined his forces with ChuBC 154 孝景前三年正月甲子 · Military · Rebel commanderDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 111-112
Show 16 more source-backed claims
- Paid labor service wages, rewarded local talent, and shielded fugitives for more than thirty yearsGovernance · King of WuDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 72-75
- Raised more than two hundred thousand men and secured support from Min and Eastern YueMilitary · Rebel commanderDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 109-110
- Raised troops first and executed Han officials after the order stripping Kuaiji and Yuzhang arrivedBC 154 孝景前三年 · Military · Rebel leaderDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 100
- Raised troopsBC 154 三年 · Military · Rebel leaderDirectly stated · Book of Han 6, passage 57
- RebelledBC 154 三年 · Military · Rebel leaderDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 11, passage 24
- RebelledBC 154 孝景三年 · Military · Rebel leaderDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 114, passage 8
- Rebellion of the Seven KingdomsBC 154 吳楚反 · Rebellion · LeaderDirectly stated · Records of the Grand Historian 52, passage 107
- Recruited guests by thousandsPolitical · PatronDirectly stated · Book of Han 104, passage 14
- Rejected General Huan’s plan to bypass resisting cities and seize LuoyangDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 170-171
- Rejected Tian Lubo’s proposed separate western column after his heir objectedDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 161-165
- Resented the return of his dead heir and sent the remains back to Chang’an for burialDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 59-61
- Stopped attending court, initially claiming illness, and became increasingly suspect after the claim was disprovedPolitical · Vassal kingDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 62-64
- Used Yuzhang copper mines and coastal saltworks to mint coin, finance Wu, and exempt the people from ordinary taxesEconomic · Ruler · At Wu and Yuzhang 吳、豫章Directly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 55, 71
- Was deceived and speared to death by Eastern Yue after Han offered rewards; his head was sent to the courtDeath · VictimDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 208
- Was made marquis of Pei and then king of Wu over three commanderies and fifty three citiesDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 45, 49
- Went personally to Jiaoxi and concluded a face to face pact with Liu AngDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passage 95
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment Used mountain and sea wealth to lower taxes and command his people, while his son’s death planted the seed of revolt. · Mode historian-judgmentDirectly stated · Book of Han 44, passages 242-243
References in the histories
60 passages
No matching passages.