Lu Runxiang (陸潤庠)

Overview

The translated histories identify Lu Runxiang as an official, scholar, statesman, and teacher. This record brings together 9 passages from 1 chapter across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Lu Runxiang	陸潤庠	Lu Runxiang
Courtesy	Fengshi	鳳石	Fengshi
Title	Grand Guardian	太保
Title	Grand Tutor	太傅
Surname	Lu	陸	Lu
Given	Runxiang	潤庠	Runxiang
Posthumous	Wenduan	文端	Wenduan

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0001

Roles

Official
Scholar
Statesman
Teacher

Life and dates

Death

Date Context: Source Date: Text: 越二年 · Western Year: AD 1914 · Age: Value: 75 · Reckoning: sui · Cause: illness / 病
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0062, qingshigao:472:s0065

Age

Age: Value: 75 · Reckoning: sui · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 越二年 · Western Year: AD 1914
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0062

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 光緒三十二年 · Western Year: AD 1906
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0012
Source Date: Text: 光緒二十四年 · Western Year: AD 1898
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0009
Source Date: Text: 卒 · Western Year: AD 1914
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0062
Source Date: Text: 同治十三年 · Western Year: AD 1874
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0003
Source Date: Text: 宣統元年 · Western Year: AD 1909
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0018
Source Date: Text: 遜位 · Western Year: AD 1912
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0061

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Descendant of Lu Zhi (陸贄)
Kinship Term: descendant / 後
Child of Lu Maoxiu (陸懋修)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Child of Mother of Lu Runxiang
Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: mother · Object Role: son

Career and standing

Label: Minister of Personnel / 吏部尚書 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒三十三年 · Western Year: AD 1907
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:472:s0014
Label: Chancellor of the Directorate of Education / 祭酒 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒二十四年 · Western Year: AD 1898
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:472:s0009
Label: Hanlin Compiler / 修撰 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同治十三年 · Western Year: AD 1874
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0003
Label: Associate Grand Secretary / Grand Secretary / 協辦大學士、東閣大學士 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 宣統元年 · Western Year: AD 1909
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0018
Label: Grand Guardian / 太保 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 遜位後 · Western Year: AD 1912
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:472:s0061
Label: educational commissioner of Shandong / 山東學政 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0006
Label: tutor in the Yuqing Palace / 毓慶宮授讀 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0019
Label: posthumous Grand Tutor / 贈太傅 · Action: bestowed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 越二年 · Western Year: AD 1914
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:472:s0062

Places and affiliations

Polity: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0003
Place: Yuanhe, Jiangsu / 江蘇元和
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0001
Place: Southern Library / 南書房 · Relation: posted-to
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0005

Learning and skills

Credential: jinshi, first place in the top tier / 一甲一名進士 · Action: earned · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同治十三年 · Western Year: AD 1874
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0003

Works and attributed material

Kind: memorial · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒三十三年前後 · Western Year: AD 1907
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0014
Kind: memorial · Role: author
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0015, qingshigao:472:s0016, qingshigao:472:s0020, qingshigao:472:s0021, qingshigao:472:s0022, qingshigao:472:s0023, qingshigao:472:s0024, qingshigao:472:s0025, qingshigao:472:s0026, qingshigao:472:s0027, qingshigao:472:s0028, qingshigao:472:s0029, qingshigao:472:s0030, qingshigao:472:s0031, qingshigao:472:s0032, qingshigao:472:s0033, qingshigao:472:s0034, qingshigao:472:s0035, qingshigao:472:s0037, qingshigao:472:s0038, qingshigao:472:s0039, qingshigao:472:s0040, qingshigao:472:s0041, qingshigao:472:s0042, qingshigao:472:s0043, qingshigao:472:s0044, qingshigao:472:s0045, qingshigao:472:s0046, qingshigao:472:s0047, qingshigao:472:s0048, qingshigao:472:s0049, qingshigao:472:s0050, qingshigao:472:s0051, qingshigao:472:s0052, qingshigao:472:s0053, qingshigao:472:s0054, qingshigao:472:s0055, qingshigao:472:s0056

Events and relationships

Kind: political · Role: participant · Action: joined court in exile west · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 兩宮西巡 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:472:s0010
Kind: political · Role: participant · Action: resigned tutoring after abdication · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 遜位詔下 · Western Year: AD 1912
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:472:s0061

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: easygoing and unpretentious · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0063
Assessment: not a man gifted for meeting change, yet devoted to the end · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:472:s0242

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 472Volume 472 Biographies 259: Lu Runxiang, Shi Xu, Yi Ketan, Liang Dingfen, Xu Fang, Lao Naixuan, Shen Cengzhi · 9 passages

Open chapter

陸潤庠，字鳳石，江蘇元和人。 Lu Runxiang, whose courtesy name was Fengshi, came from Yuanhe in Jiangsu.

潤庠，同治十三年一甲一名進士，授修撰。 In the thirteenth year of the Tongzhi reign, Runxiang took first place in the top tier of the jinshi examination and was made a Hanlin Compiler.

潤庠為陸贄後，嘗奏進文集，參以時事，大意謂：「成規未可墨守，而新法亦須斟酌行之。 A descendant of the Tang statesman Lu Zhi, Runxiang once submitted his collected writings to the throne, applying them to current affairs. His main point was: "Old regulations must not be followed blindly, but new policies also had to be carried out with careful judgment.

潤庠以老瞶辭授讀差，奉懿旨仍照料毓慶宮，給月俸如故，授太保。 Runxiang resigned his tutoring post on grounds of age and failing sight; by edict he was still to oversee the Yuqing Palace at his former salary and was made Grand Guardian.

越二年，病卒，年七十五，贈太傅，諡文端。 Two years later he died of illness at seventy-five; he was posthumously made Grand Tutor with the posthumous name Wenduan.

潤庠性和易，接物無崖岸，雖貴，服用如為諸生時。 Runxiang was easygoing and unpretentious in company; even in high rank he dressed and lived as he had as a student.

宣統三年，伊克坦與大學士陸潤庠及侍郎陳寶琛，同奉命直毓慶宮，朝夕入講，遇事進言，憂勤彌甚。 In the third year of Xuantong, Yi Ketan, Grand Secretary Lu Runxiang, and Vice Minister Chen Baochen were alike ordered to serve at the Yuqing Palace; they lectured morning and evening, spoke up when matters arose, and their worry and diligence only grew.

丁巳復辟，潤庠已前卒，寶琛為議政大臣，伊克坦一不爭權位，日進講如故。 At the 1917 restoration Runxiang had already died; Baochen served as a deliberative minister, and Yi Ketan alone did not contend for power or position, lecturing daily as before.

潤庠、世續諸人非濟變才，而鞠躬盡瘁，始終如一，亦為人所難者也。 Runxiang, Shi Xu, and the others were not men gifted for meeting change, yet they bent body and exhausted heart to the end alike—something difficult for anyone.