Pei Xiang (向) | 24 Histories

Overview

Pei Xiang was an official and Administrator.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Suren	傃仁	Suren

Life and dates

Death

AD 830 大和四年九月
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 177

Age

80
AD 830 大和四年九月 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 177

Attested activity

AD 830 大和四年九月
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 177
AD 780 建中初
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passages 158-159
AD 805 德宗季年
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 113, passages 165-166
AD 783 硃泚反
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 160

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Zunqing (遵慶)
son 子
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 158
Parent of Yin (寅)
son 子
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 179

Kinship Role kin inside and outside the clan · Quantity more than a hundred
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 175

Career and standing

deputy military governor of Hedong 河東節度副使
Appointed concurrent
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 167
vice censor-in-chief 御史中丞
Appointed concurrent
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 166
aide to the prefect of Tong 從事
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 159
campaigning marshal 行軍司馬
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 166
defense and observation commissioner of Shan-Guo 陜虢都防禦、觀察使
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 170
defense commissioner of Jin 本州防禦使
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 168

Show 22 more source-backed claims

defense commissioner of Tong 本州防禦使
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 169
director of the Court of Judicial Review 大理寺卿
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 170
left regular attendant 左散騎常侍
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 171
prefect of Fen 汾州刺史
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 166
prefect of Jin 晉州刺史
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 168
prefect of Tong 同州刺史
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 169
vice prefect of the metropolitan prefecture 京兆少尹
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 169
minister of personnel 吏部尚書
Held at retirement
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 174
clerical officer in the metropolitan prefecture 京兆府戶曹
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 164
magistrate of Liyang 櫟陽縣令
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 164
magistrate of Weinan 渭南縣令
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 164
secretary for discussion of the heir apparent 太子司議郎
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 158
vice director in the Ministry of Revenue 戶部員外郎
Promoted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 164
director of the Court of Judicial Review 大理
Reappointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 171
vice prefect of Taiyuan 太原少尹
Reappointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 167
vice prefect of Taiyuan 太原少尹
Selected as
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 166
prefect of Guo 虢州刺史
Transferred to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 168
prefect of Zheng 鄭州刺史
Transferred to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 166
court special favor in retirement 朝廷優異
Received
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 174
junior mentor to the heir apparent 太子少保
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 178
retired as minister of personnel 以吏部尚書致仕
Retirement · Entered
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 174
through hereditary privilege 門廕
Hereditary privilege · Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 158

Places and affiliations

Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 158
At mansion in Xinchang Lane 新昌裏第 · Relation Residence
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 174

Works and attributed material

Rebuke · Speaker · With Zhao Guixian (趙貴先)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 162

Events and relationships

Rebuked and secured submission
Diplomatic · Persuader · With Zhao Guixian (趙貴先) · At Guixian's camp 貴先軍壘
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 162
Summoned and instructed
Political · Summoned · With Dezong (德宗)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 166
Took charge of prefectural affairs
Military · Administrator · At Tong prefecture 同州 · Outcome Tong did not fall
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passages 160, 162
Relation Aide of · Person Li Shu (李紓)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 159

Assessments and attributes

Assessment became known from securing Tong · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 163
Assessment benevolence and wisdom in every post; others benefited · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 173
Assessment filial piety and harmony praised to this day; especially aided orphaned, alone, ill, and suffering kin · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 176
Assessment merit reports always rated first; court heard of his governance · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 164
Assessment son of a famed chief minister; disciplined through learning; preserved family tradition · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 172

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 158
shared salary equally with more than a hundred kin; took them along on outside posts
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 113, passage 175

References in the histories

Search passages

History

10 passages

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 113Volume 109 Biographies 59: Feng Gang, Ashinashe'er, Qibi Heli, Heichi Changzhi, Li Duozuo, Li Siye, Bai Xiaode · 10 passages

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遵慶子向子向，字傃仁，少以門廕歷官至太子司議郎。 Zunqing's son Xiang—Pei Xiang, styled Suren—through hereditary privilege in youth rose through offices to secretary for discussion of the heir apparent.

建中初，李紓為同州刺史，奏向為從事。 At the beginning of Jianzhong, Li Shu was prefect of Tong prefecture and recommended Xiang as his aide.

硃泚反，李懷光又叛河中，使其將趙貴先築壘於同州，紓來奔奉天，向領州務。 Zhu Ci rebelled; Li Huaiguang also rebelled in Hezhong, sending his general Zhao Guixian to build fortifications at Tong prefecture; Li Shu fled to Fengtian, and Xiang took charge of prefectural affairs.

向即詣貴先軍壘，以逆順之理責之，貴先感悟，遂來降，故同州不陷。 Xiang immediately went to Guixian's camp and rebuked him on the principles of loyalty and rebellion; Guixian came to his senses and submitted, and so Tong prefecture did not fall.

向由是知名。 From this Xiang became known.

向已選為太原少尹，德宗召見喻旨，尋用為行軍司馬、兼御史中丞，改汾州刺史，轉鄭州。 Xiang had already been selected as vice prefect of Taiyuan; Dezong summoned him, explained his intent, and soon employed him as campaigning marshal and concurrent vice censor-in-chief, then changed him to prefect of Fen and transferred him to Zheng.

向本以名相子，以學行自飭，謹守其門風。 Xiang was originally the son of a famed chief minister; he disciplined himself through learning and conduct and carefully preserved his family's tradition.

內外支屬百余人，向所得俸祿，必同其費，及領外任，亦挈而隨之。 More than a hundred kin inside and outside the clan—whatever salary Xiang received, he always shared the expenses equally; when he held outside posts he took them along as well.

有孤煢疾苦不能自恤，向尤周給，至今稱其孝睦焉。 For those orphaned, alone, ill, or suffering who could not care for themselves, Xiang especially provided in full measure; to this day his filial piety and harmony are praised.

子寅，登進士第，累官至御史大夫卒。 Xiang's son Yin passed the jinshi examination and rose through offices to censor-in-chief, dying in that office.