Qi Fuhui (乞伏慧) | 24 Histories

Overview

Qi Fuhui was a general and Official.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Linghe	令和	Linghe

Life and dates

Death

At at home 家 · Died at home
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 198

Age

over 70
Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 189

Attested activity

AD 535 to AD 618 出入三代
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passages 289-290
AD 580 及平尉迥
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 179
AD 577 周武平齊
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 177
AD 609 大業五年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passages 196-198
AD 580 從韋孝寬擊尉惇于武陟
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 178
AD 604 煬帝即位
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 195

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AD 581 高祖受禪
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 181
AD 581 to AD 604 高祖受禪後歷曹、涼、齊、壽、杞、徐、荊、秦等州
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passages 181, 186, 188, 190, 194
AD 547 to AD 549 齊文襄帝時
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 175

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Descendant of Zhou (周)
grandfather 祖 · paternal line · 2 generations
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 173
Sibling of Guihe (貴和)
elder brother 兄
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 176
Child of Zuan (纂)
father 父
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 173

Origins and identity

Ethnicity Xianbei 鮮卑
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 172

Career and standing

General Who Sweeps Away Bandits 蕩寇將軍
AD 547 to AD 549 齊文襄帝時 · Additionally held
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 175
Pillar of State 柱國
AD 580 及平尉迥 · Advanced
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 179
Junior Grandee of the Right Wing of the Rapid-as-Flying Guard 佽飛右旅下大夫
AD 577 周武平齊 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 177
Grand General 大將軍
AD 580 從韋孝寬擊尉惇于武陟 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 178
prefect of Caozhou 曹州刺史
AD 581 高祖受禪 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 181
administrator of Tianshui 天水太守
AD 604 煬帝即位 · Appointed · At Tianshui 天水
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 195

Show 25 more source-backed claims

commander of Tan and Gui with authority over thirty-one prefectures 潭、桂二州總管三十一州諸軍事
Concurrent
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 190
prefect of Qizhou (杞州) 杞州刺史
Demoted
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 188
Bearer of the Staff 使持節
AD 577 周武平齊 · Granted
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 177
Grand Master Commander-in-Chief 開府儀同大將軍
AD 577 周武平齊 · Granted
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 177
Left Assistant Director of the Field Office 行台左丞
AD 547 to AD 549 齊文襄帝時 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 175
General of the Right Guard 右衛將軍
AD 547 to AD 549 齊文襄帝時 · Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 175
Minister of the Stud 太僕卿
AD 547 to AD 549 齊文襄帝時 · Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 175
prefect of Qizhou 齊州刺史
AD 582 to AD 584 歲餘 · Transferred
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 186
Grandee of the Xiongqu Regiment 熊渠中大夫
Transferred
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 177
regional commander of Jingzhou 荊州總管
Transferred
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 190
regional commander of Liangzhou 涼州總管
Transferred
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 184
regional commander of Qinzhou 秦州總管
Transferred
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 194
regional commander of Shouzhou 壽州總管
Transferred
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 187
regional commander of Xuzhou 徐州總管
Transferred
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 188
Duke of Xihe commandery 西河郡公
Fief Households: 3000 · Granted
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 179
Prince of Yimin commandery 宜民郡王
Granted
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 175
Prince of Yimin commandery 宜民郡王
Enfeoffed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 175
Duke of Xihe commandery 西河郡公
AD 580 及平尉迥 · Granted
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 179
Duke of Yongning county 永甯縣公
Held
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 175
Entered
AD 609 大業五年 · Commoner
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 197
Sought
Requested retirement · Negated false
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 189
Dismissed
Dismissal · Cause Official hospitality not lavish
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 290
stripped of name and rank and made a commoner 除名為民
AD 609 大業五年 · Stripped of rank · Made commoner
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 197
Released
AD 609 大業五年 · Pardon · Authority Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 197
Sentenced
AD 609 大業五年 · Condemned to death · Authority Emperor Yang (煬帝)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 196

Places and affiliations

Polity Northern Qi 齊 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 175
Polity Northern Zhou 周 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 177
Polity Sui 隋 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 181
Polity Sui 隋 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Book of Sui 55, passages 195, 289-290
At Mayi 馬邑
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 172
AD 581 高祖受禪
At Caozhou 曹州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passages 181, 183

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At Duke of Xihe's Grain 西河公穀 · Relation Commemorated at
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 193
At Liangzhou 涼州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passages 184-185
At Qinzhou 秦州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 194
AD 604 煬帝即位
At Tianshui 天水 · Relation Posted to
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 195

Learning and skills

Skill archery and horsemanship 弓馬 · Level skilled
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 174

Events and relationships

Asked to yield rank to brother
Political · Petitioner · With Guihe (貴和)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 180
Bought and released fish
Personal · Benefactor
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 192
Charged for poor roads and provisions
AD 609 大業五年 · Administrative · Local official · At Tianshui 天水
Dated from the passage context · Book of Sui 55, passage 196
Defeated opposition
AD 580 從韋孝寬擊尉惇于武陟 · Military · Commander · With Yuchi Dun (尉惇) · At Wuzhi 武陟
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 178
Dismissed for plain hospitality yet served three dynasties
Career · Official
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 290
Helped crush
AD 580 及平尉迥 · Military · Officer · With Yuchi Jiong (尉遲迥)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 179

Show 5 more source-backed claims

Registered hidden households
Administrative · Prefect · At Caozhou 曹 · Quantity tens of thousands
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 183
Registered hidden households
Administrative · Prefect · At Qizhou 齊州 · Quantity several thousand
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 186
Retirement refused
Personnel · Petitioner
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 189
Secured border against Turks
Military · Frontier commander
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 185
Relation Subordinate of · Person Wei Xiaokuan (韋孝寬)
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 178

Assessments and attributes

Assessment able to yield rank and state · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 289
Assessment benevolent heart · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 192
Assessment openhanded and high-minded in youth · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 174
Assessment personally practiced plain living and reformed volatile local customs · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 191
Assessment righteous / filial in offering rank to his elder brother · Mode named-source-report Source Work commentators 論者
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 180
bald / had no hair
Physical description
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 197

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Item eight hundred bolts of goods 物八百段 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 178
Item two thousand three hundred bolts of goods 物二千三百段 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 179

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 195
fond of hawks and hounds
Directly stated · Book of Sui 55, passage 174

References in the histories

Search passages

History

14 passages

Book of Sui, Chapter 55Volume 55 Biographies 20: Du Yan, Gao Mai, Er Zhu Chang, Zhou Yao, Du Gukai, Qi Fuhui, Zhang Wei, He Hong, Houmo Chenying · 14 passages

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乞伏慧，字令和，馬邑鮮卑人也。 Qi Fuhui, courtesy name Linghe, was a Xianbei from Mayi.

慧少慷慨有大節，便弓馬，好鷹犬。 As a youth Hui was openhanded and high-minded, skilled in archery and horsemanship, and devoted to falconry and hunting.

齊文襄帝時，為行台左丞，加蕩寇將軍，累遷右衛將軍、太僕卿，自永甯縣公封宜民郡王。 Under Qi Emperor Wenxiang he served as Left Assistant Director of the Field Office and General Who Sweeps Away Bandits, rose to General of the Right Guard and Minister of the Stud, and was enfeoffed as Prince of Yimin after holding the title Duke of Yongning.

周武平齊，授使持節、開府儀同大將軍，拜佽飛右旅下大夫，轉熊渠中大夫。 When Zhou Emperor Wu conquered Qi, Hui was made Bearer of the Staff and Grand Master Commander-in-Chief, appointed Junior Grandee of the Right Wing of the Rapid-as-Flying Guard, and later transferred to Grandee of the Xiongqu Regiment.

及平尉迥，進位柱國，賜爵西河郡公，邑三千戶，賚物二千三百段。 After Yuchi Jiong's rebellion was crushed, he was made Pillar of State, created Duke of Xihe with a fief of three thousand households, and given two thousand three hundred bolts of goods.

高祖受禪，拜曹州刺史。 When Gaozu took the throne, Hui was appointed prefect of Caozhou.

慧下車按察，得戶數萬。 On taking office Hui conducted an investigation and registered tens of thousands of hidden households.

先是，突厥屢為寇抄，慧於是嚴警烽燧，遠為斥候，虜亦素憚其名，竟不入境。 The Turks had raided repeatedly; Hui tightened the beacon system and posted distant scouts, and because they had long feared his name, they never crossed the border.

其俗輕剽，慧躬行樸素以矯之，風化大洽。 The region was lawless and volatile; Hui set an example of plain living and reformed the customs thoroughly.

百姓美之，號其處曰西河公穀。 The people praised him and named the place Duke of Xihe's Grain.

煬帝即位，為天水太守。 When Emperor Yang took the throne, Hui became administrator of Tianshui.

大業五年，征吐谷渾，郡濱西境，民苦勞役，又遇帝西巡，坐為道不整，獻食疏薄，帝大怒，命左右斬之。 In the fifth year of Daye, during the campaign against Tuyuhun, his commandery lay on the western frontier where the people were exhausted by labor levies; when the emperor passed westward, Hui was blamed because the road was not ready and the provisions were poor; the emperor was enraged and ordered him executed.

周搖以質實見知，獨孤以恤人流譽，乞伏慧能以國讓，侯莫陳所居治理，或知牧人之道，或踐仁義之路，皆有可稱焉。 Zhou Yao was valued for integrity, Dugu Kai for compassion, Qi Fuhui for yielding honors to his brother, and Houmo Chenying for good governance—some knew how to rule the people, others walked the path of benevolence; each had qualities worth praise.

慧以供帳不厚，至於放黜，並結髮登朝，出入三代，終享祿位，不夭性齡，蓋其任心而行，不為矯飾之所致也。 Hui was dismissed because his official hospitality was too plain; yet they all entered service young, served three dynasties, and died in honor at full span—because they acted from the heart and never put on airs.