Shi Zaide (史在德) | 24 Histories

Overview

Shi Zaide was an official.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 935 是月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 41
AD 934 to AD 936 清泰
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 127, passage 13

Key source chapters

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 47 Volume 47 Book of Later Tang 23: Later Emperors Annals 2 9 passages
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 127 Volume 127 Book of Later Zhou 29: Biographies 7: Lu Wenji, Ma Yisun, He Ning, Su Yugui, Jing Fan 1 passage

Career and standing

Vice Director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices 太常丞
Held
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passages 41, 54; Old History of the Five Dynasties 127, passage 13
requested punishment under the penal code 請歸憲法
AD 935 三月 · Accused · Authority Secretariat 中書
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 63
offense halted and not promulgated 停寢不遣宣行
AD 935 三月 · Pardoned · Authority The Emperor (帝)
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 66

Places and affiliations

Polity Later Tang 後唐 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 41
At Shu 蜀
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 127, passage 13

Works and attributed material

AD 935 是月
Memorial · Author · Direct quotation
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passages 41-48
Memorial · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 127, passages 13-14

Events and relationships

Submitted memorial on appointments
AD 935 是月 · Political · Memorialist
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passages 41, 48
Relation Subject of · Person The Emperor (帝)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 44

Assessments and attributes

Assessment language too harsh · Mode quoted-speech Speaker The Emperor (帝)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 50
Assessment submitted without reserve; charged with textual errors, improper comparisons, altered names, and taboo violation · Mode quoted-document Speaker The Emperor (帝)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 47, passage 63

References in the histories

Search passages

History

10 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 47Volume 47 Book of Later Tang 23: Later Emperors Annals 2 · 9 passages

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是月，太常丞史在德上疏言事，其略曰：「朝廷任人，率多濫進，稱武士者，不閑計策，雖被堅執銳，戰則棄甲，窮則背軍； That month Shi Zaide, Vice Director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices, submitted a memorial on state affairs, in substance as follows: "The court appoints men far too indiscriminately. So-called warriors know nothing of strategy; though they arm themselves and take the field, in battle they throw away their armor, and in extremity they desert.

盧文紀等見其奏不悅，班行亦多憤悱，故諫官劉濤、楊昭儉等上疏，請出在德疏，辨可否宣行，中書覆奏亦駁其錯誤。 Lu Wenji and others were displeased by the memorial; many at court were indignant as well. Remonstrance officials Liu Tao and Yang Zhaojian therefore submitted memorials asking that Shi Zaide's text be published so its merits could be judged; the Secretariat-Chancellery in reply also refuted its errors.

帝召學士馬裔孫謂曰：「史在德語太凶，其實難容。 The Emperor summoned Academician Ma Yisun and said, "Shi Zaide's language is too harsh; it is in truth hard to tolerate.

爾代朕作詔，勿加在德之罪。」 Draft an edict for me and do not punish Zaide."

左補闕劉濤等奏，太常丞史在德所上章疏，中書門下駁奏，未奉宣諭，乞特施行，分明黜陟。 Left Supplementation Aide Liu Tao and others reported that Shi Zaide's memorial had been answered with a refutation by the Secretariat-Chancellery but had not yet received imperial promulgation; they asked that it be specially implemented with clear rewards and punishments.

史在德近所獻陳，誠無避忌，中書以文字紕繆，比類僭差，改易人名，觸犯廟諱，請歸憲法，以示戒懲。 What Shi Zaide recently submitted was truly without reserve. The Secretariat, citing textual errors, improper comparisons, altered personal names, and violation of imperial taboo, asked that he be punished under the penal code as a warning.

因覽文貞之言，遂寬在德之罪，已令停寢，不遣宣行。 Reflecting on Wei Zheng's words, we therefore pardoned Zaide's offense; it has been ordered halted and will not be promulgated for implementation.

昔魏征則請賞德參，今濤等請黜在德，事同言異，何相遠哉！ Formerly Wei Zheng asked to reward Decan; now Tao and others ask to demote Zaide—the matter is the same but the words differ; how far apart they are!

方朝廷粗理，俊乂畢臻，留一在德不足為多，去一在德未足為少，苟可懲勸，朕何憂焉！ The court is just beginning to be put in order and the worthy are all gathering; to keep one Zaide is not much gain, to remove one Zaide is not much loss—if he can serve as warning and encouragement, what have we to worry about!

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 127Volume 127 Book of Later Zhou 29: Biographies 7: Lu Wenji, Ma Yisun, He Ning, Su Yugui, Jing Fan · 1 passage

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時有蜀人史在德為太常丞，出入權要之門，評品朝士，多有譏彈，乃上章云：「文武兩班，宜選能進用。 A Shu native, Shi Zaide, served as vice director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices. He haunted the powerful, judged courtiers, and often mocked them. He memorialized: "Both civil and military ranks should be filled by selecting the capable.