Xiao Ge (蕭革) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Xiao Ge as an aristocrat, courtier, diplomat, and envoy. This record brings together 46 passages from 9 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Xiao Ge	蕭革	Xiao Ge
Given name	Ge	革	Gé
Given	Ge	革	Ge
Given	Ge	革	Gé
Childhood	Huage	滑哥	Huage
Courtesy	Hutujin	胡突堇	Hutujin
Title	King of Zheng	鄭國王
Title	Prince of Chu	楚王
Title	Prince of Wu	吳王
Title	Prince of Zheng	鄭王
Title	Prince of Zheng	鄭國王
Surname	Xiao	蕭	Xiāo
Surname	Xiao	蕭	Xiao
Surname	Xiao	蕭
Personal name	Xiao Ge	蕭革	Xiāo Gé
Personal	Xiao Ge	蕭革	Xiāo Gé
Personal	Xiao Ge	蕭革

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:019:s0201, liaoshi:022:s0020, liaoshi:086:s0072, liaoshi:090:s0089, liaoshi:097:s0048, liaoshi:111:s0002, liaoshi:113:s0088
Sex: male
Explicit · liaoshi:021:s0124, liaoshi:114:s0009

Roles

Aristocrat
Courtier
Diplomat
Envoy
Official
Rebel
Statesman

Life and dates

Death

Manner: execution by dismemberment · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 清寧九年秋 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 9 · Western Year: AD 1063
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0122

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 十五年十一月丁亥 · Regnal Year: 15 · Month: 11 · Sexagenary Day: 丁亥 · Western Year: AD 1046
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:019:s0201
Source Date: Text: 清寧元年 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1055
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:113:s0114
Source Date: Text: 太平初 · Reign Id: liao-taiping · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1021
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:113:s0090
Source Date: Text: 清寧二年 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 2 · Western Year: AD 1056
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:090:s0089
Source Date: Text: 清寧四年 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 1058
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:021:s0124, liaoshi:021:s0137
Source Date: Text: 清寧九年秋 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 9 · Western Year: AD 1063
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:113:s0122
Source Date: Text: 大康 · Reign Id: liao-dakang · Western Interval: Start: AD 1075 · End: AD 1084
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:097:s0048
Source Date: Text: 清寧 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Western Interval: Start: AD 1055 · End: AD 1064
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:111:s0006
Source Date: Text: 清寧中 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Western Interval: Start: AD 1055 · End: AD 1064
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:114:s0009, liaoshi:114:s0008
Source Date: Text: 八年三月戊申朔 · Western Year: AD 1062
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:022:s0004
Source Date: Text: 十三年 · Western Year: AD 1044
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:019:s0107, liaoshi:019:s0139, liaoshi:019:s0141
Source Date: Text: 十二年 · Western Year: AD 1043
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:019:s0068, liaoshi:019:s0069
Source Date: Text: 道宗即位 · Western Year: AD 1055
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:086:s0072
Source Date: Text: 重熙初 · Western Year: AD 1032
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:113:s0092
Source Date: Text: 重熙十三年 · Western Year: AD 1044
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:090:s0011, liaoshi:090:s0010
Source Date: Text: 重熙十二年 · Western Year: AD 1043
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:113:s0093, liaoshi:113:s0094

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Sibling of Xiao Ala (蕭阿剌)
Kinship Term: elder brother / 兄 · Subject Role: younger-brother · Object Role: elder-brother · Subject Relative Age: younger · Shared Parentage: uncertain
Parent of Son of Xiao Ge (蕭革之子)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological
Child of Heshang (和尚)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological

Career and standing

Label: Associate Northern Court Privy Commissioner / 同知北院樞密使事 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十五年十一月丁亥 · Regnal Year: 15 · Month: 11 · Sexagenary Day: 丁亥 · Western Year: AD 1046
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:019:s0201
Label: southern commissioner of military affairs / 南院樞密使 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 清寧元年 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1055
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0114
Label: northern linya / 北面林牙 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 重熙初 · Western Year: AD 1032
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0092
Label: chancellor of the northern administration / 北府宰相 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 重熙十三年 · Western Year: AD 1044
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0096
Label: vice commissioner of the northern bureau of military affairs / 北院樞密副使 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 重熙十二年 · Western Year: AD 1043
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0093
Label: associate commissioner of the northern bureau / 同知北院樞密事 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 重熙十五年 · Western Year: AD 1046
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0097
Label: commissioner of the southern bureau of military affairs / 南院樞密使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0111
Label: Northern Privy Vice Commissioner / 北院樞密副使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:019:s0069
Label: Southern Court privy commissioner / 南院樞密使 · Action: appointed · Start Date: Source Date: Text: 清寧四年六月乙丑 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 1058
Explicit · liaoshi:021:s0124
Label: zhongshu ling / 中書令 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0112
Label: Northern Chancellor / 北府宰相 · Action: held · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十五年十一月丁亥 · Regnal Year: 15 · Month: 11 · Sexagenary Day: 丁亥 · Western Year: AD 1046
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:019:s0201
Label: associate administrator of the Privy Council / 同知樞密院事 · Action: held
Explicit · liaoshi:090:s0011
Label: Northern Chancellery Military Affairs Commissioner / 北院樞密使 · Action: held
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0072
Label: Northern Court privy commissioner / 北院樞密使 · Action: held
Explicit · liaoshi:021:s0124
Label: privy commissioner / 樞密使 · Action: held
Explicit · liaoshi:114:s0009
Label: Northern Court privy commissioner / 北院樞密使 · Action: restored · Start Date: Source Date: Text: 清寧四年十二月辛亥 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 1058
Explicit · liaoshi:021:s0137
Title: Prince of Zheng / 鄭國王 · Action: advanced-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年三月戊申朔 · Western Year: AD 1062
Explicit · liaoshi:022:s0004
Title: Prince of Chu / 楚王 · Action: enfeoffed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 清寧元年 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1055
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0114
Title: King of Zheng / 鄭國王 · Action: enfeoffed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 清寧八年 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 8 · Western Year: AD 1062
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0121
Title: Prince of Wu / 吳王 · Action: enfeoffed
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0111
Title: Prince of Zheng / 鄭王 · Action: enfeoffed
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0112
Title: Prince of Chu / 楚王 · Action: held
Explicit · liaoshi:022:s0004
Title: Prince of Zheng / 鄭王 · Action: held
Explicit · liaoshi:021:s0124
Title: Prince of Chu / 楚王 · Action: transferred · Start Date: Source Date: Text: 清寧四年六月乙丑 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 4 · Western Year: AD 1058
Explicit · liaoshi:021:s0124
Status: retired · Action: entered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年三月戊申朔 · Western Year: AD 1062
Explicit · liaoshi:022:s0004
Status: retirement · Action: retired · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 清寧八年 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 8 · Western Year: AD 1062
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0121

Places and affiliations

Polity Id: liao · Relation: served
Explicit · liaoshi:019:s0069, liaoshi:019:s0201, liaoshi:021:s0124, liaoshi:022:s0004, liaoshi:090:s0001, liaoshi:097:s0048, liaoshi:113:s0088
Polity Id: liao · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:111:s0006

Works and attributed material

Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Addressee Person Id: Liao emperor (帝)
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0095
Kind: report · Role: author · Statement: Reported that Yuanhao personally led three Tangut tribes.
Explicit · liaoshi:019:s0141
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Xingzong (興宗)
Explicit · liaoshi:090:s0020
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Quoted: true
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0072

Events and relationships

Kind: political · Role: framer · Action: framed · Other Person Id: Xiao Ala (蕭阿剌)
Explicit · liaoshi:114:s0016
Kind: political · Role: conspirator · Action: joined Chongyuan plot · Other Person Id: Chongyuan (重元) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 清寧九年秋 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 9 · Western Year: AD 1063
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0122
Kind: political · Role: slanderer · Action: slandered Xiao Ala leading to his death · Other Person Id: Xiao Ala (蕭阿剌)
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0118, liaoshi:113:s0119
Kind: diplomatic-rebuke · Role: reproached Yuanhao for accepting rebels and breaking the alliance · Other Person Id: Li Yuanhao (李元昊)
Explicit · liaoshi:019:s0141
Kind: diplomatic-reception · Role: met Yuanhao's envoys · Other Person Id: Li Yuanhao (李元昊)
Explicit · liaoshi:019:s0139
Relation: slanderer-of · Person Id: Xiao Ala (蕭阿剌)
Explicit · liaoshi:111:s0006

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: feigned devotion and flattery · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · liaoshi:113:s0110
Assessment: sycophantic and lawless · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · liaoshi:090:s0090

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

History of Liao, Chapter 19Volume 19 Annals 19: Xingzong 2 · 4 passages

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壬申，以吳國王蕭孝穆為南院樞密使，北府宰相蕭孝忠北院樞密使，封楚王，韓國王蕭惠北府宰相、同知元帥府事，韓八南院大王，耶律侯哂東京留守，北院樞密副使耶律仁先同知東京留守事，北面林牙蕭革北院樞密副使。 On renshen day Prince of Wu Xiao Xiaomu was appointed Southern Privy Commissioner; Northern Chancellor Xiao Xiaozhong was made Northern Privy Commissioner and enfeoffed as Prince of Chu; Prince of Han Xiao Hui was made Northern Chancellor and co-administrator of the marshal headquarters; Han Ba was made Southern Court great king; Yelü Houshen was appointed Eastern Capital regent; Northern Privy Vice Commissioner Yelü Renxian was made co-administrator of Eastern Capital regent affairs; and Northern Court linya Xiao Ge was appointed Northern Privy Vice Commissioner.

辛亥，元昊遣使來進方物，詔北院樞密副使蕭革迓之。 On xinhai day Yuanhao sent envoys presenting local products; an edict ordered Northern Court Privy Vice Commissioner Xiao Ge to meet them.

革言元昊親率党項三部來，詔革詰其納叛背盟，元昊伏罪，賜酒。 Xiao Ge reported that Yuanhao was personally leading three Tangut tribes; an edict ordered Ge to reproach him for accepting rebels and breaking the alliance; Yuanhao acknowledged guilt and was granted wine.

十一月丁亥，以南院樞密使蕭孝友為北府宰相，契丹行宮都部署耶律仁先南院大王，北府宰相蕭革同知北院樞密使事，知夷離畢事耶律信先漢人行宮都部署，左夷離畢旅墳惕隱，漢人行宮都部署耶律敵烈左夷離畢。 On dinghai day of the eleventh month Southern Court Privy Commissioner Xiao Xiaoyou was appointed Northern Chancellor; Khitan mobile palace deployment director Yelü Renxian was made Southern Court great king; Northern Chancellor Xiao Ge was appointed associate Northern Court Privy Commissioner; yilibi affairs commissioner Yelü Xinxian was made Han mobile palace deployment director; Left yilibi Lü Fen was appointed tiyin; and Han mobile palace deployment director Yelü Dilie was made Left yilibi.

History of Liao, Chapter 21Volume 21 Annals 21: Daozong 1 · 2 passages

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六月乙丑，以北院樞密使鄭王蕭革為南院樞密使，徙封楚王，南院樞密使吳王仁先為北院樞密使。 On yichou day of the sixth month Northern Court privy commissioner Prince of Zheng Xiao Ge was made Southern Court privy commissioner and transferred to Prince of Chu; Southern Court privy commissioner Prince of Wu Renxian was made Northern Court privy commissioner.

辛亥，南院樞密使楚王蕭革復為北院樞密使。 On xinhai day Southern Court privy commissioner Prince of Chu Xiao Ge again became Northern Court privy commissioner.

History of Liao, Chapter 22Volume 22 Annals 22: Daozong 2 · 1 passage

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三月戊申朔，楚王蕭革致仕，進封鄭國王。 On the wushen new moon of the third month Prince of Chu Xiao Ge retired and was advanced to Prince of Zheng.

History of Liao, Chapter 86Volume 86 Biographies 16: Yelu Hezhu, Liu Jing, Liu Liufu, Ye Luniaolu, Niu Wenshu, Du Fang, Xiao Heshang, Yelu Helizhi, Yelu Pode · 1 passage

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道宗即位，將行大冊禮，北院樞密使蕭革曰：「行大禮備儀物，必擇廣地，莫若黃川。」 When Emperor Daozong came to the throne and prepared the great investiture rite, Northern Chancellery Military Affairs Commissioner Xiao Ge said, "A great ceremony requires ample space and full ritual equipment—no place is better than Huangchuan."

History of Liao, Chapter 90Volume 90 Biographies 20: Xiao Ala, Yelu Yixian, Xiao Taowei, Xiao Talage, Yelu Dilu · 11 passages

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明年，改北院樞密使，徙王陳，與蕭革同掌國政。 The next year he became Northern Court privy commissioner, was moved to Prince of Chen, and shared control of government with Xiao Ge.

革諂諛不法，阿剌爭之不得，告歸。 Ge was sycophantic and lawless; Ala argued with him in vain and asked to retire.

革以事中傷，帝怒，縊殺之。 Ge used the affair to strike at him; the emperor flew into a rage and had him strangled.

時蕭革同知樞密院事，席寵擅權，義先疾之。 Xiao Ge was then associate administrator of the Privy Council, privileged and grasping power, and Yixian loathed him.

因侍宴，言於帝曰：「革狡佞喜亂，一朝大用，必誤國家！」 At a palace banquet he told the emperor, "Ge is cunning, servile, and fond of turmoil; the moment he is given great authority, he will surely ruin the realm!"

義先當與革對，憮然曰：「臣縱不能進賢退不肖，安能與國賊博哉！」 Yixian was matched against Ge. He flushed with anger and said, "I may not be able to promote the worthy and remove the unworthy, but how could I cast dice with a traitor to the state!"

義先厲聲詬不已。 Yixian kept on hurling abuse at Ge in a loud voice.

翌日，上謂革曰：「義先無禮，當黜之。」 Next day the emperor told Ge, "Yixian was insolent and ought to be removed from office."

革對曰：「義先天性忠直，今以酒失而出，誰敢言人之過？」 Ge answered, "Yixian is upright by nature; if he is dismissed for a drunken lapse, who will dare point out anyone else's faults?"

上謂革忠直，益加信任。 The emperor took Ge for loyal and straightforward, and trusted him all the more.

阿剌以諂諛不法折蕭革，陶隗以用必基禍言阿思，塔剌葛以忍行不義徒自取赤族之罪責察割，其心可謂忠矣。 Ala rebuked Xiao Ge for sycophancy and lawlessness; Taowei warned that employing Asi must lay the root of disaster; Talage blamed Chaguo that by persisting in injustice he would only bring annihilation on his own clan — their hearts may be called loyal.

History of Liao, Chapter 97Volume 97 Biographies 27: Yelu Wotela, Hai Li, Dou Jingyong, Yelu Yinji, Yang Ji, Zhao Hui, Wang Guan, Yelu Xisun · 2 passages

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時蕭革、蕭圖古辭等以佞見任，鬻爵納賄，引吉以直道處其間，無所阿唯。 At the time Xiao Ge, Xiao Tuguci, and others were employed for their flattery, selling offices and accepting bribes; Yinji stood among them on the straight path and would not fawn or agree to anything.

論曰：孩裏、引吉之為臣也，當乙辛擅權、蕭革貪黷之日，雖與同官，而能以正自處，不少阿唯，其過人遠矣。 The commentary says: As ministers, Hai Li and Yinji lived in the days when Yixin monopolized power and Xiao Ge was greedy and corrupt; though they served alongside such men, they were able to maintain themselves by rectitude and would not fawn or agree—how far they surpassed others.

History of Liao, Chapter 111Volume 111 Biographies 41: Treacherous Ministers 2 · 1 passage

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以父阿剌為蕭革所譖，出餘里也為奉先軍節度使。 When his father Ala was slandered by Xiao Ge, Yulili was posted out as military commissioner of the Fengxian Army.

History of Liao, Chapter 113Volume 113 Biographies 43: Rebellious Officials 2 · 20 passages

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耶律海思耶律敵獵蕭革 Yelü Haishi, Yelü Dilie, and Xiao Ge

蕭革，小字滑哥，字胡突堇，國舅房林牙和尚之子。 Xiao Ge, whose childhood name was Huage and whose style was Hutujin, was the son of Heshang, linya of the Guoju-fang.

帝嘗與近臣宴，謂革曰：「朕知卿才，故自拔擢，卿宜勉力！」 At a feast with his intimates the emperor said to Ge, "I know your ability, which is why I promoted you myself—you must do your utmost!"

革曰：「臣不才，誤蒙聖知，無以報萬一，惟竭愚忠，安敢怠？」 Ge replied, "I am without talent yet have wrongly won Your Majesty's favor; I can never repay you in the least, and can only offer my poor loyalty—how could I dare be remiss?"