Xu Jingcheng (許景澄)

Overview

The translated histories identify Xu Jingcheng as a diplomat, official, scholar, and statesman. This record brings together 17 passages from 3 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Xu Jingcheng	許景澄	Xu Jingcheng
Given	Jingcheng	景澄	Jingcheng
Posthumous	Wensu	文肅	Wensu
Courtesy	Zhuyun	竹篔	Zhuyun

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:465:s0176
Sex: male
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0031

Roles

Diplomat
Official
Scholar
Statesman
Writer

Life and dates

Death

Cause: executed for criticizing the Boxers / 坐論義和團被誅
Explicit · qingshigao:443:s0055
Manner: execution · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Regnal Year: 26 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0059, qingshigao:466:s0023, qingshigao:466:s0013
Manner: executed / 死 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0176

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 宣統元年 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1909
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:466:s0060
Source Date: Text: 十年 · Regnal Year: 10 · Western Year: AD 1884
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:466:s0037, qingshigao:466:s0034
Source Date: Text: 十六年 · Regnal Year: 16 · Western Year: AD 1890
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:466:s0042, qingshigao:466:s0034
Source Date: Text: 二十三年 · Regnal Year: 23 · Western Year: AD 1897
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:466:s0050, qingshigao:466:s0034
Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Regnal Year: 26 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:466:s0059, qingshigao:466:s0013
Source Date: Text: 光緒六年 · Regnal Year: 6 · Western Year: AD 1880
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:466:s0034
Source Date: Text: 同治七年 · Regnal Year: 7 · Western Year: AD 1868
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:466:s0032
Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:465:s0176
Source Date: Text: 戊戌至庚子 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1898 · End: AD 1900
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:443:s0055

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Child of Father of Xu Jingcheng (許景澄之父)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Child of Mother of Xu Jingcheng (許景澄之母)
Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: mother · Object Role: son

Career and standing

Label: concurrent minister to Belgium / 兼攝比國使務 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十年 · Regnal Year: 10 · Western Year: AD 1884
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0037, qingshigao:466:s0034
Label: minister to France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Austria / 出使法德意和奧五國大臣 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十年 · Regnal Year: 10 · Western Year: AD 1884
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0037, qingshigao:466:s0034
Label: Hanlin bachelor / 內閣學士 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十六年 · Regnal Year: 16 · Western Year: AD 1890
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0042, qingshigao:466:s0034
Label: minister to Russia, Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands / 出使俄德奧和四國大臣 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十六年 · Regnal Year: 16 · Western Year: AD 1890
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0042, qingshigao:466:s0034
Label: minister to Germany / 德國使臣 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二十三年 · Regnal Year: 23 · Western Year: AD 1897
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0050, qingshigao:466:s0034
Label: envoy to Japan / 使日本 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒六年 · Regnal Year: 6 · Western Year: AD 1880
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0034
Label: Hanlin bachelor / 庶吉士 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同治七年 · Regnal Year: 7 · Western Year: AD 1868
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0032
Label: chief instructor of the Imperial University / 大學堂總教習 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0055
Label: editor / 編修 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0032
Label: first-class minister / 頭等公使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0053
Label: overseer of Chinese Eastern Railway / 東清鐵路 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0051, qingshigao:466:s0052
Label: reader-in-waiting / 侍讀 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0041
Label: superintendent of the Imperial University / 管學大臣 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0055
Label: supervising reader / 侍講 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0035
Label: Vice Minister of Rites / 禮部侍郎 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0054
Label: Vice Minister of Works / 工部侍郎 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0047
Label: Zongli Yamen minister / 總理各國事務大臣 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0054
Label: Superintendent of Studies / 管學 · Action: succeeded
Explicit · qingshigao:443:s0055
Label: Ministry of Personnel / 吏部 · Action: transferred
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0055
Label: posthumous title Wensu / 文肅 · Action: granted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 宣統元年 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 1909
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0060
Status: mourning-leave · Action: entered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒六年 · Regnal Year: 6 · Western Year: AD 1880
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0034
Status: mourning-leave · Action: entered
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0041
Status: sick-leave · Action: entered
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0054
Label: execution for advocating peace / 坐主和棄市 · Action: suffered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Regnal Year: 26 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0059, qingshigao:466:s0013

Places and affiliations

Label: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0031, qingshigao:466:s0032
Polity: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0176
Place: Jiaxing / 嘉興
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0031

Learning and skills

Credential: metropolitan graduate / 進士 · Action: earned · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同治七年 · Regnal Year: 7 · Western Year: AD 1868
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0032

Works and attributed material

Work: An Illustrated Account of the Pamirs / 帕米爾圖說 · Relation: author
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0046
Work: Textual Verification of Northwestern Border Place-Names / 西北邊界地名考證 · Relation: author
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0046
Work: register of foreign warships and instructors / 外國師船表 · Relation: author
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0039
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Action: opposed-war-and-legation-siege · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Regnal Year: 26 · Western Year: AD 1900 · Provenance: Mode: audience-report
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0057, qingshigao:466:s0013
Kind: memorial · Role: author · Action: requested-two-separate-envoys
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0049
Kind: memorial · Role: author · Action: submitted-preparedness-plans · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 法越之役 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1883 · End: AD 1885
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0036
Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Text: 俄謀自便，德圖償報，事故從此多矣！ · Quoted: true
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0048

Events and relationships

Kind: diplomatic · Role: negotiator · Action: contested-Pamir-border · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十六年 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1890 · End: AD 1893
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0043, qingshigao:466:s0045, qingshigao:466:s0042
Kind: diplomatic · Role: resister · Action: opposed-Italy-Sanmen-Bay-demand
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0056
Kind: diplomatic · Role: negotiator · Action: Port-Arthur-lease-talks · Other Person Id: Yang Ru (楊儒)
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0053
Kind: military-advisory · Role: advocate · Action: urged-Jiaozhou-Bay-naval-base
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0040

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: death called unjust by the nation · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0176
Assessment: one of the Five Loyal Ones · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0128
Assessment: one of the Three Loyal Ones · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0030

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 443Volume 443 Biographies 230: Sun Jianai, Zhang Baixi, Tang Jingchong, Yu Shimei, Shen Jiaben · 1 passage

Open chapter

許景澄繼管學，坐論義和團被誅。 Xu Jingcheng succeeded him as superintendent of studies and was executed for criticizing the Boxers.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 465Volume 465 Biographies 252: Xu Tong With: Yu Shi, Yu Shi Son: Cheng Yu, Gang Yi, Zhao Shuqiao, Qi Xiu, Ying Nian, Yu Lu With: Ting Yong, Yu Xian With: Li Tingxiao · 1 passage

Open chapter

袁昶、許景澄之死，舉國稱冤，而桐則曰：「是死且有餘辜！」 When Yuan Chang and Xu Jingcheng were executed, the nation called it a miscarriage of justice; Xu Tong said: "They deserved worse than death!"

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 466Volume 466 Biographies 253: Xu Yongyi, Xu Jingcheng, Yuan Chang, Li Shan, Lian Yuan · 15 passages

Open chapter

會許景澄奉使還，被命同入署。 About then Xu Jingcheng came back from abroad and was ordered to join the Yamen with him.

用儀、景澄、昶及尚書立山、內閣學士聯元並言：「奸民不可縱，外为不可啟。」 Yongyi, Jingcheng, Chang, Minister Li Shan, and Hanlin Bachelor Lian Yuan jointly declared, "Riotous mobs must not be indulged, and foreign conflict must not be started."

景澄、昶先被害，用儀知不免，意氣自如。 Jingcheng and Chang were executed first; Yongyi knew his end was near yet kept his bearing calm.

浙人祠之西湖，與景澄、昶並稱「三忠」。 Zhejiang gentry built him a shrine at West Lake; with Jingcheng and Chang he was known as one of the "Three Loyal Ones."

許景澄，字竹篔，嘉興人。 Xu Jingcheng, whose courtesy name was Zhuyun, came from Jiaxing.

景澄躬歷船廠，鉤稽輯上外國師船表。 Jingcheng inspected the yards himself, verified the figures, and submitted a register of foreign warships and instructors.

先是俄兵游獵，常越界，侵及帕米爾地，景澄爭之，俄援舊議定界起烏什別里山，自此而南屬中國，其西南屬俄。 Russian troops hunting beyond the border had long encroached on the Pamirs; Jingcheng contested this, while Russia invoked the old treaty line from Mount Wushibieli south to China and southwest to Russia.

是時俄、德迫日人還遼東，景澄曰：「俄謀自便，德圖償報，事故從此多矣！」 When Russia and Germany forced Japan to return Liaodong, Jingcheng warned, "Russia schemes for itself and Germany for compensation—trouble will multiply from this!"