Zhang Juhan (張居翰)

Overview

The translated histories identify Zhang Juhan as a courtier, eunuch, military officer, and official. This record brings together 28 passages from 4 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Zhang Juhan	張居翰	Zhang Juhan
Courtesy name	Deqing	德卿	Deqing
Given	Juhan	居翰	Juhan
Personal name	Juhan	居翰	Juhan
Personal name	Zhang Juhan	張居翰	Zhang Juhan
Personal name	Zhang Juhán	張居翰	Zhang Juhan

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:057:s0088, jiuwudaishi:071:s0057, xinwudaishi:038:s0115
Sex: male
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0091

Roles

Courtier
Eunuch
Military Officer
Official

Life and dates

Death

Place: Chang'an / 長安 · Age: 71
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0126
Cause: illness / 疾 · Place: Chang'an / 長安 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天成三年四月 · Western Year: AD 928
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0112

Age

Age: 71 · Reckoning: sui
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0112, xinwudaishi:038:s0126

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 中和三年 · Western Year: AD 883
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:072:s0093
Source Date: Text: 同光元年夏四月 · Western Year: AD 923
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:072:s0100
Source Date: Text: 同光初 · Western Year: AD 923
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:071:s0057
Source Date: Text: 咸通初 · Western Year: AD 860
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:072:s0092
Source Date: Text: 天復中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 901 · End: AD 904
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:072:s0095, xinwudaishi:038:s0117
Source Date: Text: 天成三年 · Western Year: AD 928
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:038:s0126
Source Date: Text: 天成三年四月 · Western Year: AD 928
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0112
Source Date: Text: 天祐三年 · Western Year: AD 906
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:072:s0096
Source Date: Text: 張居翰同掌樞密 · Western Year: AD 923
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:057:s0088
Source Date: Text: 昭宗時 · Western Interval: Start: AD 888 · End: AD 904
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:038:s0116
Source Date: Text: 莊宗即位 · Western Year: AD 923
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:038:s0119

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Child of Zhang Congmei (張從玫)
Kinship Term: raised as a son / 養之為子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: adopted-son · Object Role: adoptive-father
Kinship Term: adopted son / 養子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: adoptive-father · Object Role: adoptive-son
Kinship Term: raised as a son / 養之為子 · Parentage: adoptive · Subject Role: adoptive-father · Object Role: adopted-son
Parent of Zhang Yangui (張延貴)
Kinship Term: his son / 其子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: his son / 其子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father

Career and standing

Label: eunuch / 宦者
Strongly inferred · xinwudaishi:038:s0117
Label: Hanlin Academy adjutant / 學士院判官 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中和三年 · Western Year: AD 883
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0093
Label: Commissioner of the Bureau of Military Affairs / 樞密使 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同光元年夏四月 · Western Year: AD 923
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0100
Label: Bureau Commissioner / 樞密使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0119, xinwudaishi:038:s0088
Label: joint commissioner of Military Affairs / 同掌樞密 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:057:s0088
Label: Youzhou army supervisor / 監幽州軍事 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0094
Label: Zhaoyi army supervisor / 昭義監軍 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0118
Label: Fanyang army supervisor / 范陽軍監軍 · Action: held
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0116
Label: palace attendant / 內常侍 · Action: promoted
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0094
Label: Special Advancement / 特進 · Action: granted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同光元年夏四月 · Western Year: AD 923
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0100
Status: in-hiding · Action: entered
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0117

Places and affiliations

Place: Chang'an / 長安 · Relation: died-at
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0126
Place: Mount Da'an / 大安山 · Relation: hid-at
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0117
Place: Zhide Palace / 至德宮 · Relation: met-at
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0125

Works and attributed material

Kind: document · Role: alterer · Other Person Id: Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang (後唐莊宗)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0123

Events and relationships

Kind: legal · Role: editor-of-edict · Action: altered-edict-to-spare-lives · Other Person Id: Wang Yan (王衍) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年三月 · Western Year: AD 926
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0108, jiuwudaishi:072:s0109
Kind: legal · Role: editor-of-edict · Action: altered-execution-order · Other Person Id: Wang Yan (王衍)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0123, xinwudaishi:038:s0124
Kind: political · Role: petitioner · Action: asked-to-retire · Other Person Id: Li Siyuan (李嗣源)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0125
Kind: military · Role: army-supervisor · Action: attacked-Luzhou · Other Person Id: Prince of Jin (晉王)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0118
Kind: political · Role: hidden-fugitive · Action: hidden · Place: Mount Da'an / 大安山 · Other Person Id: Liu Rengong (劉仁恭) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天復中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 901 · End: AD 904
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0095

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: gentle, quiet, benevolent; saved a thousand from wrongful death · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:072:s0113, jiuwudaishi:072:s0114, jiuwudaishi:072:s0146
Assessment: spared-surrendered-lives · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · xinwudaishi:038:s0111, xinwudaishi:038:s0123

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 57Volume 57 Book of Later Tang 33: Biographies 9: Gao Chongtao · 1 passage

Open chapter

初，崇韜與李紹宏同為內職，及莊宗即位，崇韜以紹宏素在己上，舊人難製，即奏澤潞監軍張居翰同掌樞密，以紹宏為宣徽使。 Earlier, Guo Chongtao and Li Shaohong had both served in the inner administration. After Zhuangzong's accession, Guo Chongtao—finding that Li Shaohong had always outranked him and that an old associate was difficult to manage—petitioned to have Zhang Juhán, military commissioner of Ze and Lu, share control of Military Affairs, while appointing Li Shaohong Commissioner of the Palace Secretariat.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 71Volume 71 Book of Later Tang 47: Biographies 23: Ma Yu, Si Kongting, Cao Tingyin, Xiao Xifu, Yao Zongzhi, Jia Fu, Ma Gao, Luo Guan, Chun Yuyan, Zhang Ge, Xu Ji, Zhou Xuanbao · 2 passages

Open chapter

樞密使張居翰聞之怒，謂希甫曰：「老夫曆事三朝天子，見內宴數百，子本田舍兒，安知宮禁事！」 Commissioner Zhang Juhan flew into a rage: "I have served three emperors and attended hundreds of inner banquets—you're a country bumpkin; what do you know of palace protocol!"

初，莊宗欲以希甫知制誥，宰相豆盧革等附居翰，共排斥之，以為駕部郎中。 Zhuangzong had wanted to make him a drafter of edicts, but Chief Ministers Doulu Ge and others, siding with Zhang Juhan, blocked him and gave him only a post as director in the Transport Department.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 72Volume 72 Book of Later Tang 48: Biographies 24: Zhang Chengye, Zhang Juhan, Ma Shaohong, Meng Hangqiong · 16 passages

Open chapter

張居翰，字德卿。 Zhang Juhan, styled Deqing.

昭宗在華下，超授內常侍，出監幽州軍事，秩滿詔歸，節度使劉仁恭表留之。 While Emperor Zhaozong was at Hua, Juhan was promoted out of turn to palace attendant and sent to supervise military affairs at Youzhou. When his term expired an edict ordered his return, but military commissioner Liu Rengong memorialized to retain him.

天復中，詔誅宦官，仁恭紿奏殺之，匿於大安山之北溪。 During the Tianfu era, an edict ordered the execution of eunuchs. Rengong falsely reported that he had killed Juhan and hid him in a northern stream valley of Mount Da'an.

天祐三年，汴人攻滄州，仁恭求援於武皇，乃遣居翰與書記馬鬱等率兵助武皇同攻潞州，武皇因留之不遣。 In the third year of Tianyou, when the Bian army attacked Cangzhou, Rengong sought aid from Emperor Wu and sent Juhan with secretary Ma Yu and others to lead troops to help Emperor Wu jointly attack Luzhou. Emperor Wu then retained Juhan and would not send him back.

李嗣昭節制昭義，以居翰監其軍，以燕軍三千為部下。 Li Siyao commanded Zhaoyi Circuit and made Juhan supervisor of his army, with three thousand Yan troops under his command.

俄而汴將李思安築夾城以圍潞州，居翰與嗣昭登城保守，以至解圍。 Before long the Bian general Li Si'an built Jiachcheng to besiege Luzhou. Juhan and Siyao mounted the walls to hold firm until the siege was lifted.

自是嗣昭每出征，令居翰知留後事。 From then on, whenever Siyao marched out, he left Juhan in charge of rear affairs.

十月，莊宗將渡河，留居翰與李紹宏同守魏州。 In the tenth month, as Zhuangzong prepared to cross the river, he left Juhan and Li Shaohong to hold Weizhou together.

莊宗入汴，加驃騎大將軍，知內侍省事，依前充樞密使。 When Zhuangzong entered Bian, Juhan was promoted to Grand General of Agile Cavalry, made Director of Palace Affairs, and continued as Commissioner of the Bureau of Military Affairs.

居翰自以羈旅乘時，擢居重地，每於宣授，不敢有所是非，承顏免過而已，以此脫季年之禍。 Juhan saw himself as an outsider who had seized the moment to rise to high office. At every appointment he dared express no opinion, merely deferring to the ruler's mood to avoid blame — and by this escaped disaster in his later years.

其詔已經印畫，時居翰在密地，覆視其詔，即就殿柱揩云「行」字，改書「家」字。 The edict had already been sealed and signed. Juhan was in a private room; he looked the edict over again, went to a hall pillar, erased the character for "party," and changed it to the character for "family."