Sui and Tang · Ruler

Zhaozong 昭宗

Attested AD 895 - AD 903

Passages: 13
Chapters: 1
Histories: 1

Overview

Zhaozong was a ruler.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 903 三年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passages 47, 51
AD 897 四年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 41
AD 901 天復元年十一月六日
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 44
AD 896 明年五月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passages 36-37, 40
AD 895 是月
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 25

Family

Kinship Role princes · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 28

Career and standing

Granted
Pardon · With Li Maozhen (李茂貞)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 32

Places and affiliations

Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Ruled
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 25
AD 901 天復元年十一月六日
At Fengxiang 鳳翔 · Relation Taken to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 44
AD 896 明年五月
At Huazhou 華州 · Relation Fled to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 40
At Buddhist temple on Shimen Mountain 石門山之佛寺 · Relation Stayed at
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 30
At Chengtian Gate tower 承天門樓 · Relation Fled to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 25
At Huayan Temple 華嚴寺 · Relation Stayed at
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 29

Show 1 more source-backed claim

At Sha fortress, southern mountains 南山之莎城 · Relation Fled to
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 30

Events and relationships

Climbed Chengtian Gate tower to escape turmoil
Political · Fugitive
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 25
Leaned on railing to reason with attackers
Political · Addressee
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 132, passage 26

References in the histories

Search passages

History

13 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 132Volume 132: Biographies of Descendents 1: Li Maozhen, Gao Wanxing, Han Xun, Li Renfu · 13 passages

昭宗登承天門樓避亂，令捧日都將李雲守樓下，繼鵬率眾攻雲。 Zhaozong climbed the Chengtian Gate tower to escape the turmoil and ordered Sun-Upholding Division commander Li Yun to hold the foot of the tower; Jipeng led his men against Yun.

昭宗憑軒慰諭，繼鵬彎弧大呼，矢拂禦衣，中樓桷。 Zhaozong leaned on the railing to reason with them; Jipeng drew his bow and shouted; an arrow grazed the imperial robe and struck a roof beam.

侍臣掖昭宗下樓還宮，繼鵬即縱火攻宮門。 Attendants helped Zhaozong down from the tower and back into the palace; Jipeng immediately set fire to the palace gates.

昭宗詔諸王謀其所向，李雲奏曰：「事急矣，請且幸臣營。」 Zhaozong summoned the princes to decide their next move; Li Yun said: "Matters are desperate — please come to my camp for the moment."

雲乃與扈蹕都將李君慶衛昭宗出啟夏門，駐華嚴寺。 Yun and imperial escort commander Li Junqing then escorted Zhaozong out through the Qixia Gate to Huayan Temple.

是月，武皇至渭北，遣副使王瑰奉表行在，昭宗以武皇為行營都統，進討邠、岐。 That month the Prince of Jin reached the north bank of the Wei and sent deputy envoy Wang Gui with a memorial to the traveling court; Zhaozong made him overall commander of the campaign army to advance against Bin and Qi.

茂貞懼，斬繼鵬、繼晟，上表待罪，昭宗原之，武皇曰：「不誅茂貞，關輔無由寧謐。」 Maozhen grew afraid, executed Jipeng and Jisheng, and submitted a confession; Zhaozong pardoned him, but the Prince of Jin said: "Unless Maozhen is executed, the capital region will never be secure."

車駕倉卒出幸華州，茂貞之眾因犯京師，焚燒宮闕，大掠坊市而去，自此長安大內盡為丘墟矣。 The emperor fled in haste to Huazhou while Maozhen's troops stormed the capital, burned the palaces, and looted the wards before withdrawing; from then on the great inner precinct of Chang'an lay in ruins.

四年，昭宗復命宰臣孫偓統軍進討，韓建諫止，令茂貞上章請雪。 In the fourth year Zhaozong again ordered chief minister Sun Wo to lead a punitive campaign; Han Jian dissuaded him and had Maozhen petition for exoneration.

十一月六日，繼筠與中尉韓全誨劫昭宗幸鳳翔，茂貞遂與全誨矯詔征兵天下，將討梁祖。 On the sixth day of the eleventh month, Jijun and the eunuch Han Quanhui abducted Zhaozong to Fengxiang; Maozhen and Quanhui then forged an edict to levy troops empire-wide for a campaign against the Liang founder.

茂貞獨據孤城，內外援絕，乃請車駕還京，求和於汴，即斬韓全誨等二十人首級送於梁祖。 Maozhen held only a lone city with all aid cut off; he then asked the emperor to return to the capital, sued for peace with Bian, and immediately executed Han Quanhui and twenty others, sending their heads to the Liang founder.

後昭宗西幸，梁祖迎駕，攻逼岐下者累年，及昭宗東還，長圍方解。 Later, when Zhaozong fled west, the Liang founder came to receive the court and pressed the siege below Qi for years; only when Zhaozong returned east was the long encirclement lifted.

茂貞疆土危蹙，不遂僭竊之志，但開岐王府，署天官，目妻為皇后，鳴鞘掌扇，宣詞令，一如王者之制，然尚行昭宗之正朔焉。 Maozhen's territory had shrunk to a narrow strip; he never carried out his usurpation, but opened a princely Qi mansion, appointed court officials, styled his wife empress, used royal regalia, and issued proclamations like a sovereign — yet still observed Zhaozong's reign calendar.