Biographies of Fan, Li, Teng and Guan

舞陽侯樊噲者，沛人也。以屠狗為事，與高祖俱隱。

Fan Kuai, the Marquis of Wuyang, was a native of Pei. He earned his living as a dog butcher and went into hiding alongside the future Emperor Gaozu.

初從高祖起豐，攻下沛。高祖為沛公，以噲為舍人。從攻胡陵、方與，還守豐，擊泗水監豐下，破之。復東定沛，破泗水守薛西。與司馬夷戰碭東，卻敵，斬首十五級，賜爵國大夫。常從，沛公擊章邯軍濮陽，攻城先登，斬首二十三級，賜爵列大夫。復常從，從攻城陽，先登。下戶牖，破李由軍，斬首十六級，賜上閒爵。從攻圍東郡守尉於成武，卻敵，斬首十四級，捕虜十一人，賜爵五大夫。從擊秦軍，出亳南。河閒守軍於杠里，破之。擊破趙賁軍開封北，以卻敵先登，斬候一人，首六十八級，捕虜二十七人，賜爵卿。從攻破楊熊軍於曲遇。攻宛陵，先登，斬首八級，捕虜四十四人，賜爵封號賢成君。從攻長社、轘轅，絕河津，東攻秦軍於尸，南攻秦軍於犨。破南陽守齮於陽城。東攻宛城，先登。西至酈，以卻敵，斬首二十四級，捕虜四十人，賜重封。攻武關，至霸上，斬都尉一人，首十級，捕虜百四十六人，降卒二千九百人。

He first joined Gaozu's uprising at Feng and helped capture Pei. When Gaozu became the Duke of Pei, he appointed Kuai as his personal attendant. He took part in the attacks on Huling and Fangyu, then returned to defend Feng, where he engaged and defeated the Inspector of the Si River below the city. He marched east again to secure Pei and defeated the Governor of the Si River west of Xue. He fought the Marshal Yi east of Dang, drove back the enemy, and took fifteen heads, for which he was granted the rank of State Grand Master. Serving as a regular companion, he joined the Duke of Pei in attacking Zhang Han's forces at Puyang. He was the first to scale the walls during the assault, took twenty-three heads, and was promoted to the rank of Ranked Grand Master. Continuing as a constant companion, he took part in the attack on Chengyang and was again the first to scale the walls. He captured Huyou, defeated the army of Li You, took sixteen heads, and was granted the rank of Upper Leisure. He joined in the siege of the Commandery Defender and Captain of Dongjun at Chengwu, repelled the enemy, took fourteen heads, captured eleven prisoners, and was granted the rank of Fifth-Rank Grand Master. He followed in the attack on the Qin army, advancing south of Bo. He defeated the garrison of the Governor of Hejian at Gangli. He routed the army of Zhao Ben north of Kaifeng. For driving back the enemy and being the first to scale the walls, he killed one scout, took sixty-eight heads, captured twenty-seven prisoners, and was elevated to the rank of Minister. He took part in the defeat of Yang Xiong's army at Quyu. He attacked Wanling and was the first to scale the walls, took eight heads, captured forty-four prisoners, and was granted a noble title as the Lord of Xiancheng. He joined in the attacks on Changshe and Huanyuan, cut off the river crossing, attacked the Qin army to the east at Shi, and struck the Qin army to the south at Chou. He defeated the Governor of Nanyang, Yi, at Yangcheng. He attacked the city of Wan to the east and was the first to scale the walls. He advanced west to Li, and for driving back the enemy he took twenty-four heads, captured forty prisoners, and received a substantial additional fief. He attacked Wuguan Pass and advanced to Bashang, killing one commandant, taking ten heads, capturing a hundred and forty-six prisoners, and accepting the surrender of two thousand nine hundred soldiers.

項羽在戲下，欲攻沛公。沛公從百餘騎因項伯面見項羽，謝無有閉關事。項羽既饗軍士，中酒，亞父謀欲殺沛公，令項莊拔劍舞坐中，欲擊沛公，項伯常（肩）［屏］蔽之。時獨沛公與張良得入坐，樊噌在營外，聞事急，乃持鐵盾入到營。營衛止噲，噲直撞入，立帳下。項羽目之，問為誰。張良曰：「沛公參乘樊噲。」項羽曰：「壯士。」賜之卮酒彘肩。噲既飲酒，拔劍切肉食，盡之。項羽曰：「能復飲乎？」噲曰：「臣死且不辭，豈特卮酒乎！且沛公先入定咸陽，暴師霸上，以待大王。大王今日至，聽小人之言，與沛公有隙，臣恐天下解，心疑大王也。」項羽默然。沛公如廁，麾樊噲去。既出，沛公留車騎，獨騎一馬，與樊噲等四人步從，從閒道山下歸走霸上軍，而使張良謝項羽。項羽亦因遂已，無誅沛公之心矣。是日微樊噲奔入營譙讓項羽，沛公事幾殆。

Xiang Yu was encamped at Xi and intended to attack the Duke of Pei. The Duke of Pei rode out with just over a hundred horsemen and, through the intercession of Xiang Bo, met Xiang Yu face to face to explain that he had never intended to bar the passes. After Xiang Yu had feasted his troops and the wine was flowing, his advisor Yafu plotted to kill the Duke of Pei. He ordered Xiang Zhuang to draw his sword and perform a dance among the guests, intending to strike down the Duke of Pei, but Xiang Bo kept shielding him with his body. At that time, only the Duke of Pei and Zhang Liang had been admitted to the feast. Fan Kuai was outside the camp, and when he heard that the situation was dire, he seized an iron shield and charged into the camp. The camp guards tried to stop him, but Kuai burst straight through and took his stand beneath the tent. Xiang Yu fixed his gaze upon him and asked who he was. Zhang Liang replied, 'He is Fan Kuai, the Duke of Pei's chariot guard.' Xiang Yu said, 'A brave man.' He bestowed upon him a goblet of wine and a shoulder of pork. Kuai drank the wine in one draught, then drew his sword to carve the meat and devoured it all. Xiang Yu asked, 'Can you drink more?' Kuai replied, 'I would not shrink even from death—how much less a mere goblet of wine! Moreover, the Duke of Pei was the first to enter and secure Xianyang, yet he stationed his army at Bashang to await Your Majesty. Now that Your Majesty has arrived, you have listened to the words of petty men and allowed a rift to form with the Duke of Pei. I fear the people of the realm will lose heart and begin to doubt Your Majesty.' Xiang Yu was struck silent. The Duke of Pei excused himself to the latrine and beckoned Fan Kuai to leave with him. Once outside, the Duke of Pei abandoned his chariot and cavalry escort, mounted a single horse, and with Fan Kuai and three others following on foot, slipped away along a mountain trail back to his camp at Bashang, while sending Zhang Liang to make his apologies to Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu let the matter drop, and his desire to kill the Duke of Pei passed. Had Fan Kuai not burst into the camp that day and rebuked Xiang Yu, the Duke of Pei would have been in mortal danger.

明日，項羽入屠咸陽，立沛公為漢王。漢王賜噲爵為列侯，號臨武侯。遷為郎中，從入漢中。

The next day, Xiang Yu entered Xianyang and put it to the sword, then established the Duke of Pei as the King of Han. The King of Han granted Kuai the rank of full marquis, with the title Marquis of Linwu. He was promoted to Palace Gentleman and accompanied the king into Hanzhong.

還定三秦，別擊西丞白水北，雍輕車騎於雍南，破之。從攻雍、斄城，先登。擊章平軍好畤，攻城，先登陷陣，斬縣令丞各一人，首十一級，虜二十人，遷郎中騎將。從擊秦車騎壤東，卻敵，遷為將軍。攻趙賁，下郿、槐裏、柳中、咸陽；灌廢丘，最。至櫟陽，賜食邑杜之樊鄉。從攻項籍，屠煮棗。擊破王武、程處軍於外黃。攻鄒、魯、瑕丘、薛。項羽敗漢王於彭城，盡復取魯、梁地。噲還至滎陽，益食平陰二千戶，以將軍守廣武。一歲，項羽引而東。從高祖擊項籍，下陽夏，虜楚周將軍卒四千人。圍項籍於陳，大破之。屠胡陵。

He returned to pacify the Three Qin lands, independently struck the Western Chancellor north of Baishui, and engaged the light chariots and cavalry of Yong south of Yong, defeating them. He joined in the attacks on Yong and Tai and was the first to scale the walls. He struck Zhang Ping's army at Haozhi and stormed the city, being the first to scale the walls and break through the enemy lines. He killed one county magistrate and one assistant magistrate, took eleven heads, and captured twenty prisoners, earning a promotion to Cavalry General of the Palace Gentlemen. He took part in striking the Qin chariots and cavalry east of Rang, drove back the enemy, and was promoted to General. He attacked Zhao Ben and captured Mei, Huaili, Liuzhong, and Xianyang. He flooded Feiqiu and earned the highest distinction. Upon reaching Yueyang, he was granted the revenue fief of Fan District in Du. He joined in the campaign against Xiang Ji and sacked Zhuzao. He defeated the forces of Wang Wu and Cheng Chu at Waihuang. He attacked Zou, Lu, Xiaqiu, and Xue. Xiang Yu defeated the King of Han at Pengcheng and recaptured all the lands of Lu and Liang. Kuai withdrew to Xingyang, received an additional fief of two thousand households at Pingyin, and was stationed at Guangwu as a general. After a year, Xiang Yu withdrew eastward. He followed Gaozu in the attack on Xiang Ji, captured Yangxia, and took four thousand soldiers of the Chu general Zhou as prisoners. He besieged Xiang Ji at Chen and dealt him a crushing defeat. He sacked Huling.

項籍既死，漢王為帝，以噲堅守戰有功，益食八百戶。從高帝攻反燕王臧荼，虜荼，定燕地。楚王韓信反，噲從至陳，取信，定楚。更賜爵列侯，與諸侯剖符，世世勿絕，食舞陽，號為舞陽侯，除前所食。以將軍從高祖攻反韓王信於代。自霍人以往至雲中，與絳侯等共定之，益食千五百戶。因擊陳豨與曼丘臣軍，戰襄國，破柏人，先登，降定清河、常山凡二十七縣，殘東垣，遷為左丞相。破得綦毋卹、尹潘軍於無終、廣昌。破豨別將胡人王黃軍於代南，因擊韓信軍於參合。軍所將卒斬韓信，破豨胡騎橫谷，斬將軍趙既，虜代丞相馮梁、守孫奮、大將王黃、將軍、（太卜）太仆解福等十人。與諸將共定代鄉邑七十三。其後燕王盧綰反，噲以相國擊盧綰，破其丞相抵薊南，定燕地，凡縣十八，鄉邑五十一。益食邑千三百戶，定食舞陽五千四百戶。從，斬首百七十六級，虜二百八十八人。別，破軍七，下城五，定郡六，縣五十二，得丞相一人，將軍十二人，二千石已下至三百石十一人。

After Xiang Ji was killed and the King of Han became emperor, Kuai was rewarded with an additional eight hundred households for his distinguished service in holding the line and fighting valiantly. He followed Emperor Gao in attacking the rebellious King of Yan, Zang Tu, captured Tu, and pacified the Yan territories. When Han Xin, the King of Chu, rebelled, Kuai accompanied the emperor to Chen, seized Xin, and pacified Chu. He was formally invested as a full marquis and received a split tally guaranteeing the title to his descendants in perpetuity. He was granted Wuyang as his fief and titled the Marquis of Wuyang, with his previous fiefs revoked in exchange. As a general, he accompanied Gaozu in attacking the rebellious King of Han, Xin, in the territory of Dai. From Huoren onward to Yunzhong, he joined the Marquis of Jiang and others in pacifying the region, and was granted an additional fifteen hundred households. He then attacked Chen Xi and the forces of Manqiu Chen, fought at Xiangguo, broke through at Bairen where he was the first to scale the walls, secured the surrender of twenty-seven counties across Qinghe and Changshan, ravaged Dongyuan, and was promoted to Left Chancellor. He defeated and captured the forces of Qiwu Xu and Yin Pan at Wuzhong and Guangchang. He defeated the forces of Wang Huang, a Xiongnu commander under Chen Xi, south of Dai, and then struck Han Xin's army at Canhe. The soldiers under his command beheaded Han Xin. He routed Chen Xi's Xiongnu cavalry at Henggu, killed General Zhao Ji, and captured ten notable figures including the Chancellor of Dai Feng Liang, the Defender Sun Fen, the Grand General Wang Huang, and the Grand Servant Xie Fu. Together with the other generals, he pacified seventy-three towns and villages in Dai. Afterward, when Lu Wan, the King of Yan, rebelled, Kuai led the campaign as Chancellor of State. He defeated Lu Wan's chancellor south of Ji and pacified the Yan territories, securing eighteen counties and fifty-one towns. He received an additional fief of thirteen hundred households, bringing his total holdings at Wuyang to five thousand four hundred households. In total throughout his service, he took a hundred and seventy-six heads and captured two hundred and eighty-eight prisoners. In independent commands, he defeated seven armies, captured five cities, pacified six commanderies and fifty-two counties, and took prisoner one chancellor, twelve generals, and eleven officials ranked from two thousand to three hundred bushels.

噲以呂后女弟呂須為婦，生子伉，故其比諸將最親。

Kuai had married Lu Xu, a younger sister of Empress Lu, who bore him a son named Kang. Because of this connection, he was the most intimate of all the generals with the imperial family.

先黥布反時，高祖嘗病甚，惡見人，臥禁中，詔戶者無得入群臣。群臣絳、灌等莫敢入。十餘日，噲乃排闥直入，大臣隨之。上獨枕一宦者臥。噲等見上流涕曰：「始陛下與臣等起豐沛，定天下，何其壯也！今天下已定，又何憊也！且陛下病甚，大臣震恐，不見臣等計事，顧獨與一宦者絕乎？且陛下獨不見趙高之事乎？」高帝笑而起。

Before Qing Bu's rebellion, Gaozu once fell gravely ill. He despised receiving visitors and lay confined to the inner palace, ordering the gatekeepers to bar all ministers from entering. None of the ministers—not even men like the Marquis of Jiang or Guan Ying—dared enter. After more than ten days, Kuai pushed open the doors and strode straight in, with the other great ministers following behind him. They found the emperor lying alone, his head resting on the lap of a eunuch. When Kuai and the others saw the emperor, they wept. Kuai said, 'In the beginning, when Your Majesty rose with us at Feng and Pei to conquer the realm, how magnificent you were! Now the realm is secured—how can you have become so dispirited! Your Majesty is gravely ill, and your great ministers tremble with fear. Yet you refuse to see us and discuss affairs of state—would you truly shut yourself away alone with a eunuch? Has Your Majesty already forgotten what happened with Zhao Gao?' Emperor Gao laughed and rose from his bed.

其後盧綰反，高帝使噲以相國擊燕。是時高帝病甚，人有惡噲黨於呂氏，即上一日宮車晏駕，則噲欲以兵盡誅滅戚氏、趙王如意之屬。高帝聞之大怒，乃使陳平載絳侯代將，而即軍中斬噲。陳平畏呂后，執噲詣長安。至則高祖已崩，呂后釋噲，使復爵邑。

Afterward, when Lu Wan rebelled, Emperor Gao dispatched Kuai to campaign against Yan in the capacity of Chancellor of State. At this time, Emperor Gao was gravely ill. Someone slandered Kuai, alleging that he was in league with the Lu clan, and that the moment the emperor passed away, Kuai planned to use his army to exterminate Consort Qi and her son, the King of Zhao, Ruyi. Emperor Gao was furious when he heard this. He dispatched Chen Ping to convey the Marquis of Jiang to take over the army command and to execute Kuai on the spot in the camp. But Chen Ping, wary of Empress Lu's power, arrested Kuai instead and brought him to Chang'an for trial. By the time they arrived, Gaozu had already died. Empress Lu released Kuai and restored his title and fief.

孝惠六年，樊噲卒，謚為武侯。子伉代侯。而伉母呂須亦為臨光侯，高后時用事專權，大臣盡畏之。伉代侯九歲，高后崩。大臣誅諸呂、呂須婘屬，因誅伉。舞陽侯中絕數月。孝文帝既立，乃復封噲他庶子市人為舞陽侯，復故爵邑。市人立二十九歲卒，謚為荒侯。子他廣代侯。六歲，侯家舍人得罪他廣，怨之，乃上書曰：「荒侯市人病不能為人，令其夫人與其弟亂而生他廣，他廣實非荒侯子，不當代後。」詔下吏。孝景中六年，他廣奪侯為庶人，國除。

In the sixth year of Emperor Xiaohui's reign, Fan Kuai died. He was posthumously titled the Martial Marquis. His son Kang succeeded to the marquisate. Kang's mother, Lu Xu, was also enfeoffed as the Marquis of Linguang. During the reign of Empress Dowager Gao, she wielded power and monopolized authority, and all the great ministers feared her. After Kang had held the marquisate for nine years, Empress Dowager Gao died. The great ministers purged the Lu clan and Lu Xu's kinsmen, and Kang was executed along with them. The Wuyang marquisate was vacant for several months. After Emperor Wen ascended the throne, he re-enfeoffed Kuai's son by a concubine, Shiren, as the Marquis of Wuyang, restoring the former title and fief. Shiren held the title for twenty-nine years before he died. He was posthumously titled the Desolate Marquis. His son Taguang succeeded to the marquisate. After six years, a household retainer who had fallen afoul of Taguang bore him a grudge and submitted a memorial to the throne: 'The Desolate Marquis Shiren was too ill to function as a man. He had his wife conduct an affair with his younger brother, and Taguang was born of that union. Taguang is not truly the son of the Desolate Marquis and should not have inherited the title.' The emperor referred the matter to the officials for investigation. In the sixth year of the middle reign period of Emperor Jing, Taguang was stripped of his marquisate and reduced to commoner status, and his fief was abolished.

曲周侯酈商者，高陽人。陳勝起時，商聚少年東西略人，得數千。沛公略地至陳留，六月餘，商以將卒四千人屬沛公於岐。從攻長社，先登，賜爵封信成君。從沛公攻緱氏，絕河津，破秦軍洛陽東。從攻下宛、穰，定十七縣。別將攻旬關，定漢中。

Li Shang, the Marquis of Quzhou, was a native of Gaoyang. When Chen Sheng rose in revolt, Shang gathered a band of young men and raided far and wide, amassing several thousand followers. When the Duke of Pei was campaigning through the territory and reached Chenliu, Shang, after more than six months on his own, led four thousand soldiers to join the Duke of Pei at Qi. He joined in the assault on Changshe and was the first to scale the walls, for which he was granted a noble title as the Lord of Xincheng. He accompanied the Duke of Pei in attacking Goushi, cut off the river crossing, and defeated the Qin army east of Luoyang. He took part in the capture of Wan and Rang, pacifying seventeen counties in all. Leading an independent command, he attacked Xun Pass and secured Hanzhong.

項羽滅秦，立沛公為漢王。漢王賜商爵信成君，以將軍為隴西都尉。別將定北地、上郡。破雍將軍焉氏，周類軍栒邑，蘇駔軍於泥陽。賜食邑武成六千戶。以隴西都尉從擊項籍軍五月，出鉅野，與鐘離眛戰，疾鬬，受梁相國印，益食邑四千戶。以梁相國將從擊項羽二歲三月，攻胡陵。

After Xiang Yu destroyed Qin and established the Duke of Pei as the King of Han. The King of Han bestowed upon Shang the noble title of Lord of Xincheng and appointed him Commandery Captain of Longxi. Leading an independent force, he pacified the commanderies of Beidi and Shangjun. He defeated the Yong general Yanshi, routed Zhou Lei's army at Xunyi, and crushed Su Ju's forces at Niyang. He was granted a fief of six thousand households at Wucheng. As Commandery Captain of Longxi, he campaigned against Xiang Ji's forces for five months, advanced beyond Juye, and fought a fierce battle against Zhongli Mo. He received the seal of Chancellor of Liang and was granted an additional fief of four thousand households. As Chancellor of Liang, he served in the campaign against Xiang Yu for two years and three months, during which he attacked Huling.

項羽既已死，漢王為帝。其秋，燕王臧荼反，商以將軍從擊荼，戰龍脫，先登陷陣，破荼軍易下，卻敵，遷為右丞相，賜爵列侯，與諸侯剖符，世世勿絕，食邑涿五千戶，號曰涿侯。以右丞相別定上谷，因攻代，受趙相國印。以右丞相趙相國別與絳侯等定代、鴈門，得代丞相程縱、守相郭同、將軍已下至六百石十九人。還，以將軍為太上皇衛一歲七月。以右丞相擊陳豨，殘東垣。又以右丞相從高帝擊黥布，攻其前拒，陷兩陳，得以破布軍，更食曲周五千一百戶，除前所食，凡別破軍三，降定郡六，縣七十三，得丞相、守相、大將各一人，小將二人，二千石已下至六百石十九人。

After Xiang Yu was dead and the King of Han had become emperor. That autumn, Zang Tu, the King of Yan, rebelled. Shang served as a general in the campaign against Tu. He fought at Longtuo, was the first to breach the enemy lines, routed Tu's army below Yi, and drove back the enemy. He was promoted to Right Chancellor and invested as a full marquis, receiving a split tally guaranteeing the title to his descendants in perpetuity, with a fief of five thousand households at Zhuo, and was titled the Marquis of Zhuo. As Right Chancellor he independently pacified Shanggu, then attacked Dai, and received the seal of Chancellor of Zhao. As Right Chancellor and Chancellor of Zhao, he joined the Marquis of Jiang and others in pacifying Dai and Yanmen, capturing the Chancellor of Dai Cheng Zong, the Vice Chancellor Guo Tong, and nineteen officers ranked from general down to the six-hundred-bushel level. Upon returning, he served as a general guarding the Retired Emperor for one year and seven months. As Right Chancellor, he campaigned against Chen Xi and ravaged Dongyuan. Again as Right Chancellor, he accompanied Emperor Gao in the campaign against Qing Bu, attacking his forward defenses and breaking through two battle formations to rout Bu's army. His fief was changed to five thousand one hundred households at Quzhou, with all previous fiefs revoked. Over the course of his career in independent commands, he defeated three armies, secured the surrender of six commanderies and seventy-three counties, and captured one chancellor, one vice chancellor, one grand general, two minor generals, and nineteen officials ranked from two thousand down to six hundred bushels.

商事孝惠、高后時，商病，不治。其子寄，字況，與呂祿善。及高后崩，大臣欲誅諸呂，呂祿為將軍，軍於北軍，太尉勃不得入北軍，於是乃使人劫酈商，令其子況紿呂祿，呂祿信之，故與出游，而太尉勃乃得入據北軍，遂誅諸呂。是歲商卒，謚為景侯。子寄代侯。天下稱酈況賣交也。

Shang served through the reigns of Emperor Hui and Empress Dowager Gao. He fell ill and never recovered. His son Ji, whose courtesy name was Kuang, was close friends with Lu Lu. When Empress Dowager Gao died, the great ministers plotted to destroy the Lu clan. Lu Lu held command of the Northern Army as a general, and Grand Commandant Bo could not gain entry. The ministers therefore coerced Li Shang and ordered his son Kuang to lure Lu Lu away with a ruse. Lu Lu fell for it and went out on an excursion with Kuang, whereupon Grand Commandant Bo was able to seize control of the Northern Army and the Lu clan was destroyed. That same year, Shang died. He was posthumously titled the Reverent Marquis. His son Ji succeeded to the marquisate. People throughout the realm denounced Li Kuang as one who sold out his friends.

孝景前三年，吳、楚、齊、趙反，上以寄為將軍，圍趙城，十月不能下。得俞侯欒布自平齊來，乃下趙城，滅趙，王自殺，除國。孝景中二年，寄欲取平原君為夫人，景帝怒，下寄吏，有罪，奪侯。景帝乃以商他子堅封為繆侯，續酈氏後。繆靖侯卒，子康侯遂成立。遂成卒，子懷侯世宗立。世宗卒，子侯終根立，為太常，坐法，國除。

In the third year of the early reign of Emperor Jing, the kingdoms of Wu, Chu, Qi, and Zhao revolted. The emperor appointed Ji as a general to besiege the city of Zhao, but he could not take it even after ten months. Only when the Marquis of Yu, Luan Bu, arrived after pacifying Qi did they manage to take the city of Zhao. Zhao was destroyed, its king committed suicide, and the kingdom was abolished. In the second year of the middle reign period of Emperor Jing, Ji attempted to take the Lady of Pingyuan as his wife. Emperor Jing was furious and handed Ji over to the judicial officials. He was found guilty and stripped of his marquisate. Emperor Jing then enfeoffed Shang's other son Jian as the Marquis of Miu, to continue the Li family line. The Tranquil Marquis of Miu died, and his son Suicheng succeeded as the Peaceful Marquis. Suicheng died, and his son Shizong succeeded as the Cherished Marquis. Shizong died, and his son Zhonggen succeeded as marquis. He served as Grand Master of Ceremonies but was convicted of a crime, and the fief was abolished.

汝陰侯夏侯嬰，沛人也。為沛廄司御。每送使客還，過沛泗上亭，與高祖語，未嘗不移日也。嬰已而試補縣吏，與高祖相愛。高祖戲而傷嬰，人有告高祖。高祖時為亭長，重坐傷人，告故不傷嬰，嬰證之。後獄覆，嬰坐高祖系歲餘，掠笞數百，終以是脫高祖。

Xiahou Ying, the Marquis of Ruyin, was a native of Pei. He served as the stable master and charioteer of Pei. Whenever he escorted guests and envoys on their return, he would pass by the pavilion on the Si River in Pei, stop to talk with the future Gaozu, and invariably the conversation lasted until the sun had moved across the sky. Ying subsequently passed the examination and became a county clerk, and he and Gaozu grew close. Gaozu accidentally injured Ying during horseplay, and someone reported the incident to the authorities. Gaozu was then serving as a village headman, and wounding someone was a serious offense. He claimed he had not actually harmed Ying, and Ying testified on his behalf. When the case was later reopened, Ying was imprisoned on Gaozu's account for over a year and flogged several hundred times, but in the end his testimony saved Gaozu from punishment.

高祖之初與徒屬欲攻沛也，嬰時以縣令史為高祖使。上降沛一日，高祖為沛公，賜嬰爵七大夫，以為太仆。從攻胡陵，嬰與蕭何降泗水監平，平以胡陵降，賜嬰爵五大夫。從擊秦軍碭東，攻濟陽，下戶牖，破李由軍雍丘下，以兵車趣攻戰疾，賜爵執帛。常以太仆奉車從擊章邯軍東阿、濮陽下，以兵車趣攻戰疾，破之，賜爵執珪。復常奉車從擊趙賁軍開封，楊熊軍曲遇。嬰從捕虜六十八人，降卒八百五十人，得印一匱。因復常奉車從擊秦軍雒陽東，以兵車趣攻戰疾，賜爵封轉為滕公。因復奉車從攻南陽，戰於藍田、芷陽，以兵車趣攻戰疾，至霸上。項羽至，滅秦，立沛公為漢王。漢王賜嬰爵列侯，號昭平侯，復為太仆，從入蜀、漢。

When Gaozu and his band of followers first planned to seize Pei, Ying, then serving as the county magistrate's secretary, became Gaozu's envoy. After Pei surrendered, Gaozu was made the Duke of Pei. He granted Ying the rank of Seventh-Rank Grand Master and appointed him Grand Coachman. He took part in the attack on Huling. Together with Xiao He, Ying secured the surrender of the Si River Inspector Ping, who then surrendered Huling. Ying was granted the rank of Fifth-Rank Grand Master. He joined in striking the Qin army east of Dang, attacked Jiyang, captured Huyou, and defeated Li You's army below Yongqiu. For driving his war chariots swiftly into battle and fighting with ferocity, he was promoted to the rank of Silk Bearer. As Grand Coachman, he regularly drove the chariot in the attacks on Zhang Han's forces at Dong'e and below Puyang. For driving his war chariots swiftly into battle and routing the enemy, he was promoted to the rank of Jade Tablet Bearer. He again drove the chariot in the attacks on Zhao Ben's forces at Kaifeng and Yang Xiong's forces at Quyu. In this campaign, Ying captured sixty-eight prisoners, accepted the surrender of eight hundred and fifty soldiers, and seized a chest of official seals. He then drove the chariot in the attack on the Qin army east of Luoyang, and for his aggressive chariot charges in battle was granted a noble title and styled the Duke of Teng. He then drove the chariot in the campaign against Nanyang, fought at Lantian and Zhiyang—charging his war chariot aggressively into battle—and advanced to Bashang. Xiang Yu arrived, destroyed Qin, and established the Duke of Pei as the King of Han. The King of Han invested Ying as a full marquis with the title Marquis of Zhaoping, reappointed him Grand Coachman, and Ying accompanied him into Shu and Hanzhong.

還定三秦，從擊項籍。至彭城，項羽大破漢軍。漢王敗，不利，馳去。見孝惠、魯元，載之。漢王急，馬罷，虜在後，常蹶兩兒欲棄之，嬰常收，竟載之，徐行面雍樹乃馳。漢王怒，行欲斬嬰者十餘，卒得脫，而致孝惠、魯元於豐。

He returned to pacify the Three Qin lands and then joined the campaign against Xiang Ji. When they reached Pengcheng, Xiang Yu inflicted a devastating defeat on the Han army. The King of Han was defeated and, finding the situation hopeless, fled on horseback. Along the way, he came upon the future Emperor Hui and Princess Luyuan, and took them aboard the chariot. The King of Han was desperate—the horses were exhausted and the enemy was closing in behind them. He repeatedly kicked the two children off the chariot, wanting to abandon them, but each time Ying gathered them back up and placed them aboard. He drove at a walk, letting the children hold on, and then whipped the horses into a gallop. The King of Han was furious and wanted to behead Ying more than ten times during the flight, but they ultimately escaped. Ying delivered the future Emperor Hui and Princess Luyuan safely to Feng.

漢王既至滎陽，收散兵，復振，賜嬰食祈陽。復常奉車從擊項籍，追至陳，卒定楚，至魯，益食茲氏。

When the King of Han reached Xingyang, he rallied his scattered troops and regrouped his forces. He granted Ying a fief at Qiyang. He resumed driving the chariot in the campaign against Xiang Ji, pursued the enemy to Chen, and ultimately helped pacify Chu. After reaching Lu, he was granted an additional fief at Zishi.

漢王立為帝。其秋，燕王臧荼反，嬰以太仆從擊荼。明年，從至陳，取楚王信。更食汝陰，剖符世世勿絕。以太仆從擊代，至武泉、雲中，益食千戶。因從擊韓信軍胡騎晉陽旁，大破之。追北至平城，為胡所圍，七日不得通。高帝使使厚遺閼氏，冒頓開圍一角。高帝出欲馳，嬰固徐行，弩皆持滿外向，卒得脫。益食嬰細陽千戶。復以太仆從擊胡騎句注北，大破之。以太仆擊胡騎平城南，三陷陳，功為多，賜所奪邑五百戶。以太仆擊陳豨、黥布軍，陷陳卻敵，益食千戶，定食汝陰六千九百戶，除前所食。

The King of Han was established as emperor. That autumn, Zang Tu, the King of Yan, rebelled, and Ying accompanied the campaign against Tu in his capacity as Grand Coachman. The following year, he accompanied the emperor to Chen, where they seized Han Xin, the King of Chu. His fief was changed to Ruyin, with a split tally guaranteeing the title to his descendants in perpetuity. As Grand Coachman, he accompanied the campaign against Dai, reaching Wuquan and Yunzhong, and was granted an additional fief of one thousand households. He then joined in the attack on Han Xin's Xiongnu cavalry near Jinyang and inflicted a crushing defeat. Pursuing the retreating enemy northward to Pingcheng, they were surrounded by the Xiongnu and trapped for seven days. Emperor Gao sent envoys bearing lavish gifts to the Xiongnu queen, and the Chanyu Maodun opened one corner of the encirclement. Emperor Gao wanted to gallop through the gap, but Ying insisted on proceeding slowly, with all crossbows drawn and aimed outward. In the end, they escaped safely. Ying was granted an additional fief of one thousand households at Xiyang. He again served as Grand Coachman in the attack on the Xiongnu cavalry north of Gouzhu and routed them. As Grand Coachman, he attacked the Xiongnu cavalry south of Pingcheng and broke through the enemy lines three times. His merit was exceptional, and he was granted five hundred households from conquered territories. As Grand Coachman, he campaigned against Chen Xi and Qing Bu, breaking through enemy formations and driving back their forces. He received an additional fief of one thousand households, bringing his total holdings at Ruyin to six thousand nine hundred households, with all previous fiefs revoked.

嬰自上初起沛，常為太仆，竟高祖崩。以太仆事孝惠。孝惠帝及高后德嬰之脫孝惠、魯元於下邑之閒也，乃賜嬰縣北第第一，曰「近我」，以尊異之。孝惠帝崩，以太仆事高后。高后崩，代王之來，嬰以太仆與東牟侯入清宮，廢少帝，以天子法駕迎代王代邸，與大臣共立為孝文皇帝，復為太仆。八歲卒，謚為文侯。子夷侯灶立，七年卒。子共侯賜立，三十一年卒。子侯頗尚平陽公主。立十九歲，元鼎二年，坐與父御婢姦罪，自殺，國除。

From the time the emperor first rose at Pei, Ying served continuously as Grand Coachman until Gaozu's death. He continued to serve as Grand Coachman under Emperor Hui. Emperor Hui and Empress Dowager Gao were grateful to Ying for saving the young emperor and Princess Luyuan during the flight from Xiaye. They bestowed upon him the finest mansion north of the county seat, declaring it should be 'Close to me,' as a mark of special honor. After Emperor Hui died, he served Empress Dowager Gao as Grand Coachman. After Empress Dowager Gao died, the King of Dai was summoned. Ying, as Grand Coachman, entered the palace together with the Marquis of Dongmou. They deposed the young emperor and drove the imperial ritual chariot to welcome the King of Dai from his residence. Together with the great ministers, they installed him as Emperor Wen, and Ying continued to serve as Grand Coachman. He died after eight years and was posthumously titled the Cultured Marquis. His son Zao succeeded as the Peaceful Marquis and died after seven years. His son Ci succeeded as the Respectful Marquis and died after thirty-one years. His son Po succeeded as marquis and married the Princess of Pingyang. He held the title for nineteen years. In the second year of the Yuanding era, he was convicted of committing adultery with his father's servant woman. He took his own life, and the fief was abolished.

潁陰侯灌嬰者，睢陽販繒者也。高祖之為沛公，略地至雍丘下，章邯敗殺項梁，而沛公還軍於碭，嬰初以中涓從擊破東郡尉於成武及秦軍於扛裏，疾鬬，賜爵七大夫。從攻秦軍亳南、開封、曲遇，戰疾力，賜爵執帛，號宣陵君。從攻陽武以西至雒陽，破秦軍尸北，北絕河津，南破南陽守齮陽城東，遂定南陽郡。西入武關，戰於藍田，疾力，至霸上，賜爵執珪，號昌文君。

Guan Ying, the Marquis of Yingyin, was a silk merchant from Suiyang. When Gaozu was the Duke of Pei and was campaigning below Yongqiu, Zhang Han defeated and killed Xiang Liang, and the Duke of Pei withdrew his army to Dang. Ying, initially serving as an inner attendant, joined in defeating the Captain of Dongjun at Chengwu and the Qin army at Gangli. He fought with great ferocity and was granted the rank of Seventh-Rank Grand Master. He took part in attacking the Qin army south of Bo, at Kaifeng, and at Quyu, fighting with fierce vigor. He was promoted to the rank of Silk Bearer and titled the Lord of Xuanling. He campaigned from Yangwu westward to Luoyang, defeated the Qin army north of Shi, cut off the river crossing to the north, and defeated the Governor of Nanyang, Yi, east of Yangcheng to the south, thereby pacifying the entire Nanyang Commandery. He entered Wuguan Pass from the west, fought fiercely at Lantian, advanced to Bashang, and was promoted to the rank of Jade Tablet Bearer, titled the Lord of Changwen.

沛公立為漢王，拜嬰為郎中，從入漢中，十月，拜為中謁者。從還定三秦，下櫟陽，降塞王。還圍章邯於廢丘，未拔。從東出臨晉關，擊降殷王，定其地。擊項羽將龍且、魏相項他軍定陶南，疾戰，破之。賜嬰爵列侯，號昌文侯，食杜平鄉。

When the Duke of Pei was established as the King of Han, he appointed Ying as a Palace Gentleman. Ying accompanied him into Hanzhong, and after ten months was promoted to Middle Usher. He accompanied the return to pacify the Three Qin lands, captured Yueyang, and secured the surrender of the King of Sai. He returned to besiege Zhang Han at Feiqiu, but the city had not yet fallen. He marched east through Linjin Pass, attacked and secured the surrender of the King of Yin, and pacified his territory. He struck the forces of Xiang Yu's general Long Ju and the Wei Chancellor Xiang Ta south of Dingtao, fought with fierce determination, and routed them. Ying was invested as a full marquis with the title Marquis of Changwen, and granted a fief at the township of Duping.

復以中謁者從降下碭，以至彭城。項羽擊，大破漢王。漢王遁而西，嬰從還，軍於雍丘。王武、魏公申徒反，從擊破之。攻下黃，西收兵，軍於滎陽。楚騎來眾，漢王乃擇軍中可為（車）騎將者，皆推故秦騎士重泉人李必、駱甲習騎兵，今為校尉，可為騎將。漢王欲拜之，必、甲曰：「臣故秦民，恐軍不信臣，臣願得大王左右善騎者傅之。」灌嬰雖少，然數力戰，乃拜灌嬰為中大夫，令李必、駱甲為左右校尉，將郎中騎兵擊楚騎於滎陽東，大破之。受詔別擊楚軍後，絕其餉道，起陽武至襄邑。擊項羽之將項冠於魯下，破之，所將卒斬右司馬、騎將各一人。擊破柘公王武，軍於燕西，所將卒斬樓煩將五人，連尹一人。擊王武別將桓嬰白馬下，破之，所將卒斬都尉一人。以騎渡河南，送漢王到雒陽，使北迎相國韓信軍於邯鄲。還至敖倉，嬰遷為御史大夫。

Again as Middle Usher, he accompanied the campaign that subdued Dang and advanced as far as Pengcheng. Xiang Yu attacked and dealt the King of Han a devastating defeat. The King of Han fled westward, and Ying accompanied the retreat, garrisoning at Yongqiu. When Wang Wu and the Duke of Wei, Shentu, rebelled, he joined in attacking and defeating them. He attacked and captured Huang, rallied troops to the west, and encamped at Xingyang. The Chu cavalry came in overwhelming numbers. The King of Han sought to appoint a cavalry commander from among his forces. Everyone recommended Li Bi and Luo Jia of Chongquan, former Qin cavalrymen experienced in mounted warfare, who were currently serving as colonels and were judged fit to lead the cavalry. The King of Han was about to appoint them, but Bi and Jia replied, 'We are former subjects of Qin, and we fear the army will not trust us. We ask that Your Majesty assign a skilled horseman from your inner circle to command us.' Although Guan Ying was young, he had already proven himself in several fierce battles. He was therefore appointed Palace Grand Master, with Li Bi and Luo Jia as his Left and Right Colonels. Leading the palace cavalry, they struck the Chu horsemen east of Xingyang and inflicted a crushing defeat. He received an imperial order to independently strike the Chu army from behind and cut their supply lines, operating from Yangwu to Xiangyi. He attacked Xiang Yu's general Xiang Guan below Lu and defeated him. His troops killed a Right Marshal and a cavalry general. He defeated the Duke of Zhe, Wang Wu, and encamped west of Yan. His troops killed five Loufan commanders and one Chief Steward. He attacked Wang Wu's subordinate commander Huan Ying below Baima and defeated him. His troops killed one commandant. Leading his cavalry, he crossed south of the Yellow River, escorted the King of Han to Luoyang, and was then sent north to meet the army of Chancellor Han Xin at Handan. Upon returning to Aocang, Ying was promoted to Grand Censor.

三年，以列侯食邑杜平鄉。以御史大夫受詔將郎中騎兵東屬相國韓信，擊破齊軍於歷下，所將卒虜車騎將軍華毋傷及將吏四十六人。降下臨菑，得齊守相田光。追齊相田橫至嬴、博，破其騎，所將卒斬騎將一人，生得騎將四人。攻下嬴、博，破齊將軍田吸於千乘，所將卒斬吸。東從韓信攻龍且、留公旋於高密，卒斬龍且，生得右司馬、連尹各一人，樓煩將十人，身生得亞將周蘭。

After three years, he was confirmed as a full marquis with his fief at the township of Duping. As Grand Censor, he received orders to lead the palace cavalry east to join Chancellor Han Xin. They defeated the Qi army at Lixia, and his troops captured the Chariot and Cavalry General Hua Wushang along with forty-six officers. He secured the surrender of Linzi and captured the Qi Vice Chancellor Tian Guang. He pursued the Qi Chancellor Tian Heng to Ying and Bo, routed his cavalry, and his troops killed one cavalry general and captured four more alive. He captured Ying and Bo, defeated the Qi General Tian Xi at Qiancheng, and his troops killed Xi. Following Han Xin eastward, he attacked Long Ju and the Duke of Liu, Xuan, at Gaomi. His soldiers killed Long Ju, captured alive one Right Marshal, one Chief Steward, and ten Loufan commanders, and he personally took the Deputy General Zhou Lan alive.

齊地已定，韓信自立為齊王，使嬰別將擊楚將公杲於魯北，破之。轉南，破薛郡長，身虜騎將一人。攻（博）［傅］陽，前至下相以東南僮、取慮、徐。度淮，盡降其城邑，至廣陵。項羽使項聲、薛公、郯公復定淮北。嬰度淮北，擊破項聲、郯公下邳，斬薛公，下下邳，擊破楚騎於平陽，遂降彭城，虜柱國項佗，降留、薛、沛、酂、蕭、相。攻苦、譙，復得亞將周蘭。與漢王會頤鄉。從擊項籍軍於陳下，破之，所將卒斬樓煩將二人，虜騎將八人。賜益食邑二千五百戶。

Once the Qi territories were pacified, Han Xin declared himself King of Qi and dispatched Ying to lead an independent force against the Chu general Gong Gao north of Lu, whom he defeated. Turning south, he defeated the Chief of Xue Commandery and personally captured a cavalry general. He attacked Fuyang, then advanced southeast of Xiaxiang to Tong, Qulü, and Xu. He crossed the Huai River, accepted the surrender of every town along the way, and advanced as far as Guangling. Xiang Yu dispatched Xiang Sheng, the Duke of Xue, and the Duke of Tan to retake the lands north of the Huai. Ying crossed the Huai northward, defeated Xiang Sheng and the Duke of Tan at Xiapi, killed the Duke of Xue, captured Xiapi, routed the Chu cavalry at Pingyang, and then took the surrender of Pengcheng. He captured the Pillar of State Xiang Tuo and secured the submission of Liu, Xue, Pei, Zan, Xiao, and Xiang. He attacked Ku and Qiao and once again captured the Deputy General Zhou Lan. He joined the King of Han at Yixiang. He joined in the attack on Xiang Ji's army below Chen and defeated them. His troops killed two Loufan commanders and captured eight cavalry generals. He was granted an additional fief of twenty-five hundred households.

項籍敗垓下去也，嬰以御史大夫受詔將車騎別追項籍至東城，破之。所將卒五人共斬項籍，皆賜爵列侯。降左右司馬各一人，卒萬二千人，盡得其軍將吏。下東城、歷陽。渡江，破吳郡長吳下，得吳守，遂定吳、豫章、會稽郡。還定淮北，凡五十二縣。

After Xiang Ji was defeated at Gaixia and fled, Ying received orders as Grand Censor to lead his cavalry in a separate pursuit of Xiang Ji. He caught him at Dongcheng and defeated him. Five of the soldiers under his command jointly slew Xiang Ji, and all five were ennobled as full marquises. He accepted the surrender of one Left Marshal and one Right Marshal, twelve thousand soldiers, and the entire officer corps of their army. He captured Dongcheng and Liyang. He crossed the Yangtze, defeated the Chief of Wu Commandery below the city of Wu, captured the Governor of Wu, and thereby pacified the commanderies of Wu, Yuzhang, and Kuaiji. He returned to pacify the lands north of the Huai, securing fifty-two counties in all.

漢王立為皇帝，賜益嬰邑三千戶。其秋，以車騎將軍從擊破燕王臧荼。明年，從至陳，取楚王信。還，剖符，世世勿絕，食潁陰二千五百戶，號曰潁陰侯。

When the King of Han was established as emperor, he granted Ying an additional fief of three thousand households. That autumn, as General of Chariots and Cavalry, he joined in attacking and defeating Zang Tu, the King of Yan. The following year, he accompanied the emperor to Chen and seized Han Xin, the King of Chu. Upon returning, he received a split tally guaranteeing the title to his descendants in perpetuity, with a fief of twenty-five hundred households at Yingyin, and was titled the Marquis of Yingyin.

以車騎將軍從擊反韓王信於代，至馬邑，受詔別降樓煩以北六縣，斬代左相，破胡騎於武泉北。復從擊韓信胡騎晉陽下，所將卒斬胡白題將一人。受詔并將燕、趙、齊、梁、楚車騎，擊破胡騎於硰石。至平城，為胡所圍，從還軍東垣。

As General of Chariots and Cavalry, he joined the campaign against the rebellious King of Han, Xin, in Dai. He advanced to Mayi, received orders to independently secure the surrender of six counties north of Loufan, killed the Left Chancellor of Dai, and defeated the Xiongnu cavalry north of Wuquan. He again joined in attacking Han Xin's Xiongnu cavalry below Jinyang, and his troops killed one Xiongnu general of the White-Marked tribe. He received orders to take unified command of the chariots and cavalry of Yan, Zhao, Qi, Liang, and Chu. He defeated the Xiongnu cavalry at Suoshi. At Pingcheng, they were surrounded by the Xiongnu. He accompanied the army in its withdrawal to Dongyuan.

從擊陳豨，受詔別攻豨丞相侯敞軍曲逆下，破之，卒斬敞及特將五人。降曲逆、盧奴、上曲陽、安國、安平。攻下東垣。

He joined in the campaign against Chen Xi and received orders to independently attack the army of Xi's Chancellor Hou Chang below Quni. He defeated them, and his troops killed Chang along with five other generals. He secured the surrender of Quni, Lunu, Shangquyang, Anguo, and Anping. He attacked and captured Dongyuan.

黥布反，以車騎將軍先出，攻布別將於相，破之，斬亞將樓煩將三人。又進擊破布上柱國軍及大司馬軍。又進破布別將肥誅。嬰身生得左司馬一人，所將卒斬其小將十人，追北至淮上。益食二千五百戶。布已破，高帝歸，定令嬰食穎陰五千戶，除前所食邑。凡從得二千石二人，別破軍十六，降城四十六，定國一，郡二，縣五十二，得將軍二人，柱國、相國各一人，二千石十人。

When Qing Bu rebelled, he rode out ahead of the army as General of Chariots and Cavalry. He attacked Bu's subordinate commander at Xiang, defeated him, and killed three deputy generals and Loufan commanders. He then advanced and defeated the forces of Bu's Pillar of State and his Grand Marshal. He advanced again and defeated Bu's subordinate commander Fei Zhu. Ying personally captured one Left Marshal alive. His troops killed ten minor officers and pursued the fleeing enemy to the banks of the Huai. He was granted an additional fief of twenty-five hundred households. After Bu was defeated and Emperor Gao returned, he fixed Ying's fief at five thousand households at Yingyin, revoking all his previous fiefs. Over the course of his career, while serving under the emperor he captured two officials ranked at two thousand bushels. In independent commands, he defeated sixteen armies, accepted the surrender of forty-six cities, pacified one kingdom, two commanderies, and fifty-two counties, and captured two generals, one Pillar of State, one Chancellor of State, and ten officials ranked at two thousand bushels.

嬰自破布歸，高帝崩，嬰以列侯事孝惠帝及呂太后。太后崩，呂祿等以趙王自置為將軍，軍長安，為亂。齊哀王聞之，舉兵西，且入誅不當為王者。上將軍呂祿等聞之，乃遣嬰為大將，將軍往擊之。嬰行至滎陽，乃與絳侯等謀，因屯兵滎陽，風齊王以誅呂氏事，齊兵止不前。絳侯等既誅諸呂，齊王罷兵歸，嬰亦罷兵自滎陽歸，與絳侯、陳平共立代王為孝文皇帝。孝文皇帝於是益封嬰三千戶，賜黃金千斤，拜為太尉。

After Ying returned from the campaign against Bu, Emperor Gao died. Ying served Emperor Hui and Empress Dowager Lu as a marquis. After the Empress Dowager died, Lu Lu and his kin used the King of Zhao to appoint themselves as generals. They garrisoned troops in Chang'an and plotted rebellion. When King Ai of Qi heard of this, he raised an army and marched west, intending to enter the capital and execute those who had unlawfully proclaimed themselves kings. The Supreme General Lu Lu and his allies heard of this and dispatched Ying as Grand General to lead an army to stop them. When Ying reached Xingyang, he instead conspired with the Marquis of Jiang and others. He stationed his troops at Xingyang and secretly sent word to the King of Qi that the Lu clan would be destroyed, whereupon the Qi forces halted their advance. After the Marquis of Jiang and the others destroyed the Lu clan, the King of Qi disbanded his troops and returned home. Ying likewise disbanded his forces and returned from Xingyang. Together with the Marquis of Jiang and Chen Ping, he installed the King of Dai as Emperor Wen. Emperor Wen thereupon increased Ying's fief by three thousand households, bestowed upon him a thousand catties of gold, and appointed him Grand Commandant.

三歲，絳侯勃免相就國，嬰為丞相，罷太尉官。是歲，匈奴大入北地、上郡，令丞相嬰將騎八萬五千往擊匈奴。匈奴去，濟北王反，詔乃罷嬰之兵。後歲餘，嬰以丞相卒，謚曰懿侯。子平侯阿代侯。二十八年卒，子彊代侯。十三年，彊有罪，絕二歲。元光三年，天子封灌嬰孫賢為臨汝侯，續灌氏後，八歲，坐行賕有罪，國除。

Three years later, the Marquis of Jiang, Bo, was dismissed as chancellor and retired to his fief. Ying was appointed chancellor, and the office of Grand Commandant was abolished. That year, the Xiongnu launched a major invasion of Beidi and Shangjun. Chancellor Ying was ordered to lead eighty-five thousand cavalry to repel them. The Xiongnu withdrew, but then the King of Jibei rebelled, and an edict recalled Ying's forces. A little over a year later, Ying died while still serving as chancellor. He was posthumously titled the Admirable Marquis. His son A succeeded to the marquisate as the Serene Marquis. He died after twenty-eight years, and his son Qiang succeeded as marquis. After thirteen years, Qiang was found guilty of a crime, and the line of succession was broken for two years. In the third year of the Yuanguang era, the Son of Heaven enfeoffed Guan Ying's grandson Xian as the Marquis of Linru to continue the Guan family line. After eight years, Xian was convicted of bribery, and the fief was abolished.

太史公曰：吾適豐沛，問其遺老，觀故蕭、曹、樊噲、滕公之家，及其素，異哉所聞！方其鼓刀屠狗賣繒之時，豈自知附驥之尾，垂名漢廷，德流子孫哉？余與他廣通，為言高祖功臣之興時若此云。

The Grand Historian remarks: I once traveled to Feng and Pei, where I questioned the surviving elders and visited the former homes of Xiao He, Cao Shen, Fan Kuai, and Teng Gong. How humble their origins were—and how different from what one might expect! When they were wielding their butcher's knives, slaughtering dogs, and selling silk, how could they have known that they would ride on the tail of a swift steed to glory, that their names would hang in the halls of the Han court, and that their virtue would flow down to their descendants? I was in contact with Taguang, who told me of how Gaozu's meritorious ministers rose in those extraordinary times, and so I have recorded their stories here.

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