1
吳廷祚
Wu Tingzuo
2
吳廷祚，字慶之，幷州太原人。 少頗讀書，事周祖，為親校。 廣順初，授莊宅副使，遷內軍器庫使、知懷州，入為皇城使。 會天平符彥卿移鎮大名，以廷祚權知鄆州。
Wu Tingzuo, whose courtesy name was Qingzhi, came from Taiyuan in Bing Province. As a young man he studied widely; he entered the service of the Zhou founder and served as a personal guard. Early in the Guangshun reign he received appointment as Vice Commissioner of the Manor Estates, was later transferred to Commissioner of the Inner Armory and acting prefect of Huaizhou, and then recalled to the capital as Commissioner of the Imperial City. When Fu Yanqing of the Tianping command was reassigned to Da Ming, Tingzuo was put in temporary charge of Yan Prefecture.
3
宋初，加同中書門下三品，以其父名璋，故避之。 會李筠叛，廷祚白太祖曰：「潞城岩險，且阻太行，賊據之，未易破也。 筠素勇而輕，若速擊之，必離上黨來邀我戰，猶獸亡其藪，魚脫於淵，因可擒矣。」 太祖遂親征，以廷祚留守東京兼判開封府。 筠果領兵來，戰澤州南，其眾敗走。 及討李重進，又為東京留守。
In the early Song he was granted the rank of Tong zhongshu menxia sanpin, but because his father's given name was Zhang he refrained from using the full form of the title. When Li Jing rose in rebellion, Tingzuo reported to Taizu: "Lu City is rugged and commands the Taihang passes; while the rebels hold it, it will not be easy to reduce. Jing is by nature bold and reckless; if we attack at once he will certainly leave Shangdang to offer battle—as when a beast loses its den or a fish slips from the pool—and we can then take him." The emperor then marched in person, leaving Tingzuo as defender of the Eastern Capital and acting administrator of Kaifeng Prefecture. Jing did lead his army forth; battle was joined south of Ze Prefecture, and his troops were routed and fled. When the campaign against Li Chongjin was undertaken, he again held the post of defender of the Eastern Capital.
4
建隆二年夏，帝謂之曰：「卿掌樞務，有年於茲，與卿秦州，以均勞逸。 明日制出，恐卿以離朕左右為憂，故先告卿。」 即以為雄武軍節度。 先是，秦州夕陽鎮西北接大藪，多材植，古伏羌縣之地。 高防知州日，建議就置采造務，調軍卒分番取其材以給京師。 西夏酋長尚波于率眾爭奪，頗傷役卒，防捕擊其黨，以狀聞。 上令廷祚代防，齎詔赦尚波于等，夏人感悅。 是年秋，以伏羌地來獻。
In the summer of Jianlong 2 the emperor told him: "You have long held the central duties of government at my side; I appoint you to Qinzhou to share the burden of service. The appointment will be promulgated tomorrow; lest you worry at being removed from my presence, I inform you in advance." He was immediately made military commissioner of the Xiongwu army. Previously, northwest of Xiyang town in Qin Prefecture there adjoined a vast forest with abundant timber, on the ground of the ancient Fuxiang county. While Gao Fang was prefect he proposed setting up a timber procurement office there and detailing troops in rotation to harvest timber for the capital. The Western Xia chieftain Shang Boyu led his people to contest the timber, and many conscript laborers were hurt; Fang arrested his partisans and reported upward. The throne ordered Tingzuo to succeed Fang, carrying an edict pardoning Shang Boyu and his associates; the Xia were grateful and appeased. That autumn they came forward and offered the Fuxiang territory in submission.
5
乾德二年來朝，改鎮京兆。 開寶四年，長春節來朝。 俄遇疾，車駕臨問，命爇艾灸其腹，遣中使王繼恩監視之。 未幾卒，年五十四。 贈侍中，官給葬事。
In Qiande 2 he came to court and was reassigned to command Jingzhao. In Kaibao 4 he came to court for the Changchun festival. Before long he fell ill; the emperor visited him in person, ordered cauterization of his abdomen, and dispatched the palace envoy Wang Jien to supervise the treatment. Shortly thereafter he died, at the age of fifty-four. He was posthumously appointed Palace Attendant, and the state supplied his funeral.
6
廷祚謹厚寡言，性至孝，居母喪，絕水漿累日。 好學，聚書萬餘卷。 治家嚴肅，尤崇奉釋氏。
Tingzuo was prudent, reserved, and sparing of words; utterly filial by nature—while mourning his mother he abstained from food and drink for many days. He was fond of study and amassed more than ten thousand volumes. He ran his household with strict discipline and was especially devoted to Buddhism.
7
子元輔、元載、元範、元扆、元吉、元慶。 元範、元慶仕皆至禮賓副使。 元吉，閤門祗候。 元吉子昭允，太子中舍。 元慶子守仁，內殿崇班。
His sons were Yuanfu, Yuanzai, Yuanfan, Yuanyi, Yuanji, and Yuanqing. Yuanfan and Yuanqing both attained the post of Vice Commissioner of Ceremonial Reception. Yuanji served as Attendant of the Inner Gates. Yuanji's son Zhaoyun held the post of Middle Attendant of the Heir Apparent. Yuanqing's son Shouren was a Senior Officer of the Inner Hall.
8
子元輔
Son: Yuanfu
9
元輔，字正臣，頗好學，善筆劄。 周廣順中，以父任補供奉官。 世宗嗣位，遷洛苑使。 宋初，授左驍衛將軍、澶州巡檢，累官至定州鈐轄。 卒，年四十八。 子昭德、昭遜、昭普，並閤門祗候。
Yuanfu, whose courtesy name was Zhengchen, was studious and adept at letters. During Zhou Guangshun he received appointment through his father's privilege as a Palace Attendant. When Shizong succeeded to the throne he was made Commissioner of the Luoyuan. In the early Song he was appointed General of the Left Xiaoqi Guard and inspector of Cao Prefecture, and eventually reached the post of military controller of Ding Prefecture. He died at the age of forty-eight. His sons Zhaode, Zhaoxun, and Zhaopu all served as Attendants of the Inner Gates.
10
子元載
Son: Yuanzai
11
元載，建隆初，授太子右春坊通事舍人，賜緋魚袋。 廷祚出鎮秦、雍，並補衙門都校。 廷祚卒，授供奉官。 太平興國三年，加閤門祗候，與太祝毋賓古使契丹。 九年，擢為西上閤門副使，出知陝州。
Yuanzai, at the start of Jianlong, was made Master of Ceremonies in the Right Spring Palace of the Heir Apparent and given the crimson fish pouch. When Tingzuo took up command in Qin and Yong, both were appointed chief guards of the yamen gate. After Tingzuo's death he was appointed Palace Attendant. In Taiping Xingguo 3 he was made Attendant of the Inner Gates and, with Grand Invocator Wu Binggu, went as envoy to the Khitan. In the ninth year he was elevated to Vice Commissioner of the Western Upper Inner Gates and appointed prefect of Shan Prefecture.
12
雍熙三年，徙知秦州。 州民李益者，為長道縣酒務官，家饒於財，僮奴數千，指恣橫持郡吏短長，長吏而下皆畏之。 民負息錢者數百家，郡為督理如公家租調，獨推官馮伉不從。 益遣奴數輩伺伉按行市中，拽之下馬，因毀辱之。 先是，益厚賂朝中權貴為庇護，故累年不敗。 及伉屢表其事，又為邸吏所匿，不得達。 後因市馬譯者附表以聞，譯因入見，上其表。 帝大怒，詔元載逮捕之。 詔書未至，京師權貴已報益，益懼，亡命。 元載以聞，帝愈怒，詔州郡物色急捕之，獲於河中府民郝氏家，鞫於御史府，具得其狀，斬之，盡沒其家。 益子仕衡先舉進士，任光祿寺丞，詔除籍，終身不齒。 益之伏法，民皆飯僧相慶。
In Yongxi 3 he was transferred to serve as prefect of Qin Prefecture. A resident named Li Yi held the wine monopoly post in Changdao county; his family was rich, with thousands of servants, and he acted with arrogant license, knowing the weaknesses of prefectural officials—magistrates and clerks alike feared him. Several hundred households owed him interest; the prefecture enforced collection as if it were official land tax, but only the investigating officer Feng Kang would not comply. Yi sent several slaves to ambush Kang as he made his rounds in the market, pulled him from his horse, and publicly shamed him. Previously Yi had lavished bribes on powerful court figures for protection, and for years had escaped punishment. When Kang repeatedly submitted memorials, postal clerks concealed them and they never reached the emperor. Later a horse-market interpreter carried a memorial with his dispatch; on entering audience he submitted it. The emperor was furious and ordered Yuanzai to arrest him. Before the edict arrived, capital magnates had already warned Yi; terrified, he absconded. Yuanzai reported upward; the emperor was still more enraged and ordered a manhunt throughout the circuits; Yi was taken at the home of a Mr. Hao in Hezhong Prefecture, examined in the Censorate, the case fully proved, beheaded, and his entire estate forfeited. Yi's son Shihang had earlier passed the jinshi and served as Vice Director of the Imperial Household; an edict removed him from the registers, and he was excluded from office for life. When Yi was put to death the people everywhere fed monks and rejoiced together.
13
端拱初，遷西上閤門使。 淳化二年，加領富州刺史，俄徙知成都府。 蜀俗奢侈，好遊蕩，民無贏餘，悉市酒肉為聲妓樂，元載禁止之； 吏民細罪又不少貸，人多怨咎。 及王小波亂，元載不能捕滅，受代歸闕，而成都不守。
At the start of Duangong he was made Commissioner of the Western Upper Inner Gates. In Chunhua 2 he was additionally appointed prefect of Fuzhou and soon transferred to administer Chengdu Prefecture. Sichuan custom was lavish and pleasure-loving; people had nothing left over and spent everything on wine, meat, singers, and entertainment—Yuanzai prohibited this; minor offenses of officials and commoners he likewise seldom overlooked, and many bore grievances against him. When Wang Xiaobo's rebellion erupted Yuanzai could not put it down; he was relieved and recalled to court, and Chengdu was lost.
14
時李仕衡通判華州，常銜元載因事殺其父，伺元載至闕，遣人閱行裝，收其關市之稅。 元載拒之，仕衡抗章疏其罪，坐責郢州團練副使。 移單州，以疾授左衛將軍致政。 卒，年五十三。
At that time Li Shihang was acting prefect of Hua Prefecture and had long harbored resentment because Yuanzai had put his father to death in the affair; when Yuanzai arrived at court, Shihang sent men to search his baggage and levy the market taxes. Yuanzai refused; Shihang submitted an accusatory memorial, and Yuanzai was punished by demotion to vice military commissioner of E Prefecture. Transferred to Shan Prefecture, he was granted the Left Guard General and retirement on account of illness. He died at the age of fifty-three.
15
子昭明，為內殿崇班； 昭矩，太子中舍。
His son Zhaoming was a Senior Officer of the Inner Hall; Zhaoju was a Middle Attendant of the Heir Apparent.
16
子元扆
Son: Yuanyi
17
元扆，字君華。 太平興國八年，選尚太宗第四女蔡國公主，授左衛將軍、駙馬都尉。 明年正月，領愛州刺史。 是冬，領本州團練使。
Yuanyi, whose courtesy name was Junhua. In Taiping Xingguo 8 he was selected to marry the fourth daughter of Taizong, Princess of Cai, and was appointed Left Guard General and Commissioner of the Imperial Son-in-Law. In the first month of the following year he assumed charge as prefect of Ai Prefecture. That winter he took charge as regimental commander of his prefecture.
18
雍熙三年，有事北邊，元扆表求試劇郡，命知鄆州。 逾年召入，尋知河陽。 還朝，改鄯州觀察使。 特詔朝會序班次節度使，奉祿賜予悉增之。 再知河陽。
In Yongxi 3, when affairs on the northern border were urgent, Yuanyi petitioned to test himself in a difficult prefecture and was appointed prefect of Yan. After a year he was recalled to court and soon made prefect of Heyang. On returning to court he was made military governor of Bin Prefecture. A special edict ranked his place at court assemblies with military commissioners, and his salary and gifts were all increased. He again served as prefect of Heyang.
19
淳化元年，以主疾召還。 主薨，復遣之任。 五年，秋霖河溢，奔注溝洫，城壘將壞，元扆躬涉泥滓，督工補塞。 民多構木樹杪以避水，元扆命濟以舟楫，設餅餌以食。 時澶、陝悉罹水災，元扆所部賴以獲安。
In Chunhua 1 he was recalled because the princess fell ill. After the princess's death he was again dispatched to his post. In the fifth year, autumn rains swelled the river and it rushed into the canals; the walls were near collapse—Yuanyi waded through the mire himself and directed the laborers in repairs. Many people built platforms in treetops to escape the flood; Yuanyi had them ferried by boat and set out cakes and food. Cao and Shan were then both stricken by flood, but the region under Yuanyi was kept safe.
20
真宗即位，換安州觀察使，俄知澶州。 咸平三年，轉運使劉錫上其治狀，詔書嘉獎，遷寧國軍留後、知定州。 時王超、王繼忠領兵逾唐河，與遼人戰，元扆度其必敗，乃急發州兵護河橋。 既而超輩果敗，遼人乘之，至橋，見陣兵甚盛，遂引去。 考滿，吏民詣闕貢馬，疏其善政十事，願借留樹碑，表其德政。 詔褒之。 屬歲旱，吏白召巫以土龍請雨。 元扆曰：「巫本妖民，龍止獸也，安能格天？ 惟精誠可以動天。」 乃集道人設壇，潔齋三日，百拜祈禱，澍雨沾洽。
When Zhenzong came to the throne he was transferred to military governor of An Prefecture and soon made prefect of Cao. In Xianping 3 transport commissioner Liu Xi reported on his governance; an edict commended him and he was promoted to regent of the Ningguo army and prefect of Ding. At that time Wang Chao and Wang Jizhong led troops across the Tang River to fight the Liao; Yuanyi foresaw defeat and urgently sent prefectural troops to hold the river bridge. Soon Wang and his fellows were indeed beaten; the Liao pressed after them to the bridge, saw a formidable formation, and withdrew. At the end of his term officials and people went to court with horses, set forth ten acts of good government, and asked that he be kept on and a monument raised to his virtuous rule. An edict praised him. In a year of drought the clerks proposed summoning shamans and using an earthen dragon to pray for rain. Yuanyi said: "Shamans are deceitful by nature, and a dragon is merely an animal—how can they move Heaven? Only sincerity can move Heaven." He then assembled Daoist masters, set up an altar, kept a pure fast for three days, bowed a hundred times in supplication, and a soaking rain fell in abundance.
21
景德三年代歸，拜武勝軍節度。 三年，以陵域積水，議堙掘溝澗，命為修諸陵都部署，以內侍副都知閻承翰副之。 出知潞州。 初，幷、代、澤、潞皆分轄戍卒，後並於太原。 至是，以元扆臨鎮，遂分領澤、潞、晉、絳、磁、隰、威勝七州軍戎事，委元扆專總之。 東封，表求扈從，命祀青帝。 禮畢，加檢校太傅、知徐州。 大中祥符四年，以祀汾陰恩，改領山南東道。 五月，制書下，元扆被疾卒，年五十。 贈中書令，諡忠惠。 子弟進秩者五人。 五年，葬元扆，時上元欲觀燈，帝為移次夕。
In Jingde 3 he was relieved and returned, and was appointed military commissioner of the Wusheng army. In the third year, because the imperial tombs had accumulated water, filling and excavation of gullies was proposed; he was made overall director for repairing the imperial tombs, with Vice Director of the Inner Service Yan Chenghan as deputy. He was sent out as prefect of Lu Prefecture. At first Bing, Dai, Ze, and Lu each had separate garrisons; later they were combined at Taiyuan. At this time, with Yuanyi in command of the region, military affairs of the seven prefectures and commands—Ze, Lu, Jin, Jiang, Ci, Xi, and Weisheng—were divided under him and entrusted to his overall direction. At the eastern feng rite he petitioned to accompany the procession and was ordered to offer sacrifice to the Green Emperor. When the rites were finished he was made Honorary Grand Tutor and prefect of Xu Prefecture. In Dazhong Xiangfu 4, by grace of the Fenyin sacrifice he was reassigned to command the Shannan East circuit. In the fifth month the edict was promulgated; Yuanyi fell ill and died, at the age of fifty. He was posthumously appointed Grand Councilor, with the posthumous title Zhonghui (Loyal and Kind). Five of his sons and younger kinsmen were promoted in rank. In the fifth year, at Yuanyi's burial, the Upper Yuan lantern viewing was imminent; the emperor moved it to the following evening.
22
元扆性謹讓，在帆鎮有憂民心，待賓佐以禮。 喜讀《春秋左氏》，聲色狗馬，一不介意。 所得祿賜，即給親族孤貧者。 將赴徐州，請對言：「臣族屬至多，其堪祿仕者皆為表薦，餘皆均奉贍之。」 公主有乳媼，得入參宮禁，元扆慮其去後妄有請托，白上拒之。 真宗深所嘉歎，於帝婿中獨稱其賢。 及歿，甚悼惜之。 且以元扆得疾，本州不以聞，詔劾其官屬。
Yuanyi was prudent and self-effacing; in his commands he cared for the people and treated his aides with ritual propriety. He loved reading the Zuo Commentary to the Spring and Autumn Annals and took no interest in sensual pleasures or sport. His salary and gifts he immediately distributed to needy kinsmen and the poor. Before departing for Xu Prefecture he sought audience and said: "My clan is numerous; those qualified for office I have all recommended; the remainder I support equally from my stipend." The princess had a nurse who could enter the inner palace; fearing she might seek improper favors after his departure, Yuanyi asked the emperor to refuse them. Zhenzong greatly praised this and among the emperor's sons-in-law named him alone as worthy. At his death the emperor deeply mourned him. Because Yuanyi's illness had not been reported by the prefecture, an edict punished his officials.
23
子守禮，至六宅使、澄州刺史，以帝甥特贈和州防禦使； 守嚴，至內殿崇班。 天禧中，錄守嚴子承嗣、承緒並為殿直； 守良為內殿崇班； 守讓閤門祗候。
His son Shouli reached Commissioner of the Six Residences and prefect of Cheng; as the emperor's nephew he was specially posthumously made defender of He Prefecture; Shouyan rose to Senior Officer of the Inner Hall. In the Tianxi period Shouyan's sons Chengsi and Chengxu were both made Palace Attendants; Shouliang was a Senior Officer of the Inner Hall; Shourang was Attendant of the Inner Gates.
24
李崇矩
Li Chongju
25
李崇矩，字守則，潞州上黨人。 幼孤貧，有至行，鄉里推服。 漢祖起晉陽，次上黨，史弘肇時為先鋒都校，聞崇矩名，召署親吏。 乾祐初，弘肇總禁兵兼京城巡檢，多殘殺軍民，左右懼，稍稍引去，惟崇矩事之益謹。 及弘肇被誅，獨得免。
Li Chongju, whose courtesy name was Shouze, came from Shangdang in Lu Prefecture. Orphaned in youth and poor, he showed exemplary conduct and his neighbors looked up to him. When the Han founder rose at Jinyang and camped at Shangdang, Shi Hongzhao was vanguard commander; hearing of Chongju, he summoned him as a personal clerk. Early in Qianyou, Hongzhao commanded the forbidden troops and patrolled the capital, killing many soldiers and civilians; his attendants feared him and drifted away—only Chongju served him with increasing devotion. When Hongzhao was put to death he alone was spared.
26
周祖與弘肇素厚善，即位，訪求弘肇親舊，得崇矩。 謂之曰：「我與史公受漢厚恩，戳力同心，共獎王室，為奸邪所構，史公卒罹大禍，我亦僅免。 汝史氏家故吏也，為我求其近屬，吾將恤之。」 崇矩上其母弟福。 崇矩素主其家，盡籍財產以付福，周祖嘉之，以崇矩隸世宗帳下。 顯德初，補供奉官。 從征高平，以功轉供備庫副使，改作坊使。 恭帝嗣位，命崇矩告哀於南唐。 還判四方館事。
The Zhou founder had been on close terms with Hongzhao; on his accession he sought Hongzhao's kin and found Chongju. He told him: "Lord Shi and I owed deep debts to the Han, labored together in one purpose, and upheld the throne; villains set us at odds, Lord Shi met a great disaster, and I barely survived. You are an old servant of the Shi family; seek out his close kin for me and I will care for them." Chongju presented Hongzhao's uterine younger brother Fu. Chongju had long managed the household; he registered all assets and delivered them to Fu; the Zhou founder praised this and assigned Chongju to Shizong's staff. At the start of Xiande he was appointed Palace Attendant. On the Gaoping campaign he was promoted for merit to Vice Commissioner of the Supply and Equipment Store and then made Commissioner of the Workshops. When Emperor Gong succeeded, Chongju was sent to announce the mourning to Southern Tang. On returning he was placed in charge of the Four Directions Hostel.
27
宋初，李筠叛，命崇矩率龍捷、驍武左右射禁軍數千人屯河陽，以所部攻大會砦，拔之，斬首五百級。 改澤、潞南面行營前軍都監，與石守信、高懷德、羅彥瓌同破筠眾於碾子谷。 及平澤、潞，遣崇矩先入城，收圖籍，視府庫。 因上言曰：「上黨，臣鄉里也。 臣父尚槀葬，願護櫬歸京師。」 許之，賜予甚厚。 師還，會判三司張美出鎮，拜右監門衛大將軍，充三司使。 從征李重進，還為宣徽北院使，仍判三司。
Early in the Song, when Li Jing rebelled, Chongju was ordered to lead several thousand Longjie and Xiaowu archer guards to garrison Heyang; he attacked the Great Assembly stockade, captured it, and took five hundred heads. He was made chief controller of the vanguard of the southern Ze-Lu campaign and, with Shi Shouxin, Gao Huaide, and Luo Yanqiong, defeated Jing's army at Nianzi Valley. When Ze and Lu were pacified he was sent first into the city to gather registers and inspect the treasuries. He then memorialized: "Shangdang is my home district. My father's coffin remains above ground; I ask to escort it to the capital." His request was granted and the rewards were lavish. When the army returned, as Zhang Mei of the Three Departments went out to command a circuit, Chongju was made Grand General of the Right Jianmen Guard and head of the Three Departments. On the campaign against Li Chongjin he returned as Commissioner of the Northern Bureau of the Palace Secretariat and continued to head the Three Departments.
28
乾德二年，代趙普拜樞密使。 五年，加檢校太傅。 時劍南初平，禁軍校呂翰聚眾構亂，軍多亡命在其黨中，言者請誅其妻子。 太祖疑之，以語崇矩。 崇矩曰：「叛亡之徒固當孥戮，然案籍合誅者萬餘人。」 太祖曰：「朕恐有被其驅率，非本心者。」 乃令盡釋之。 翰眾聞之，亦稍稍自歸。 未幾，翰敗滅。
In Qiande 2 he replaced Zhao Pu as Commissioner of the Bureau of Military Affairs. In the fifth year he was made Honorary Grand Tutor. When the Sword South had just been pacified, forbidden-army officer Lu Han gathered followers and rebelled, and many deserters were among them; officials proposed executing their families. Taizu was uncertain and consulted Chongju. Chongju said: "Deserters should indeed have their kin punished, but the registers show more than ten thousand liable to death." Taizu said: "I fear some were coerced and did not act willingly." He then ordered them all freed. When Han's followers heard this they gradually came back on their own. Soon Han was defeated and destroyed.
29
開寶初，從征太原。 會班師，命崇矩為後殿。 次常山，被病，帝遣太醫診視，命乘涼車還京師。 崇矩叩頭言：「涼車乃至尊所御，是速臣死爾。」 固辭得免。
At the start of Kaibao he joined the campaign against Taiyuan. When the army withdrew he was ordered to command the rearguard. At Changshan he fell ill; the emperor sent the court physician and ordered him to return in the imperial cool carriage. Chongju kowtowed and said: "The cool carriage is reserved for Your Majesty—it would only hasten my death." He firmly refused and was spared.
30
時趙普為相，崇矩以女妻普子承宗，相厚善，帝聞之不悅。 有鄭伸者，客崇矩門下僅十年，性險詖無行，崇矩待之漸薄。 伸銜之，因上書告崇矩陰事。 崇矩不能自明。 太祖釋不問，出為鎮國軍節度，賜伸同進士出身，以為酸棗主簿； 仍賜器幣、襲衣、銀帶。 六年，崇矩入為左衛大將軍。
Zhao Pu was then chief councilor; Chongju married his daughter to Pu's son Chengzong and they were intimate—the emperor heard of it and was displeased. A client named Zheng Shen had stayed at Chongju's house nearly ten years; treacherous and without principle, he was treated with growing neglect. Shen bore a grudge and memorialized accusing Chongju of secret wrongdoing. Chongju could not exonerate himself. Taizu dismissed the matter, sent Chongju out as military commissioner of the Zhenguo army, granted Shen jinshi status, and made him recorder of Suanzao; he also gave Shen ritual vessels, coins, court dress, and a silver belt. In the sixth year Chongju returned to the capital as Grand General of the Left Guard.
31
崇矩性純厚寡言，尤重然諾。 嘗事史弘肇，及卒，見其子孫，必厚禮之，振其乏絕。 在嶺海四五年，恬不以炎荒嬰慮。 舊涉海者多艤舟以俟便風，或旬餘，或彌月，崇矩往來皆一日而渡，未嘗留滯，士卒僮僕隨者皆無恙。 信奉釋氏，飯僧至七十萬，造像建寺尤多。 又喜黃白術，自遠迎其人，館於家以師之，雖知其詐，猶以為神仙，試已終無悔恨。 子繼昌。
Chongju was sincere, reserved, and sparing of words, and set great store by his word. He had served Shi Hongzhao; after Hongzhao's death, whenever he met his descendants he honored them and aided their poverty. For four or five years in the Lingnan coast he was untroubled by the tropical climate. Travelers on the sea formerly waited weeks for fair winds; Chongju always crossed in a day without delay, and all who followed him were unharmed. He was devoted to Buddhism, fed seven hundred thousand monks, and especially erected many images and temples. He also pursued alchemical arts, welcomed adepts from afar, and housed them as masters; though he knew they were frauds he still treated them as immortals and never regretted the trials. His son was Jichang.
32
子繼昌
Son: Jichang
33
繼昌，字世長。 初，崇矩與太祖同府厚善，每太祖誕辰，必遣繼昌奉幣為壽。 嘗畀弱弓輕矢，教以射法。 建隆三年，蔭補西頭供奉官。 太祖欲選尚公主，崇矩謙讓不敢當，繼昌亦自言不願。 崇矩亟為繼昌聘婦，太祖聞之，頗不悅。
Jichang, whose courtesy name was Shichang. Chongju and Taizu had long been close colleagues; each year on Taizu's birthday he sent Jichang with gifts of congratulation. He once gave him a light bow and taught him to shoot. In Jianlong 3 he entered office by privilege as Attendant of the Western Gate. Taizu wished to marry him to a princess; Chongju humbly declined and Jichang said he did not wish it. Chongju quickly betrothed Jichang; when Taizu learned of it he was much displeased.
34
開寶五年，選魏咸信為駙馬都尉，繼昌同日遷如京副使。 崇矩出華州，補鎮國軍牙職。 入為右班殿直、東頭供奉官，監大名府商稅，歲課增羨。 會詔擇廷臣有勞者，府以名聞。 丁外艱，服闋，授西京作坊副使。 淳化中，齊饑多盜，命為登、萊、沂、密七州都巡檢使。
In Kaibao 5 Wei Xianxin was made Commissioner of the Imperial Son-in-Law, and Jichang was promoted the same day to Vice Commissioner of the Capital. When Chongju went to Hua Prefecture, Jichang was appointed to the Zhenguo army staff. He became Right-Ban Palace Attendant and Eastern-Gate Attendant, supervised Daming's commercial tax, and annual revenue increased. When the court sought meritorious officials the prefecture nominated him. After mourning his father he was appointed Vice Commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops. In Chunhua Qi suffered famine and banditry; he was made overall inspector of Deng, Lai, Yi, Mi, and seven other prefectures.
35
至道二年，蜀賊平，餘黨頗嘯聚，拜西京作坊使、峽路二十五州軍捉賊招安都巡檢使，旋改兵馬鈐轄。 賊酋喻雷燒者，久為民患，以金帶遺繼昌，繼昌偽納之，賊懈不設備，因掩殺之。 進西京左藏庫使。
In Zhidao 2, when Shu was pacified but remnants remained, he was made Commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops and overall bandit-suppression inspector of the twenty-five Gorges prefectures, soon made military controller. Bandit chief Yu Leishao had long plagued the people; he sent Jichang a gold belt; Jichang feigned acceptance, the bandits lowered their guard, and he destroyed them. He was promoted to Commissioner of the Western Capital Left Treasury.
36
咸平三年，王均亂蜀，與雷有終、上官正、石普同受詔進討，砦於城西門。 賊忽開城偽遁，有終等各以所部徑入，繼昌覺，亟止之不聽，因獨還砦。 賊果閉關發伏，悉陷之，有終等僅以身免。 繼昌按堵如故，所部諸校聞城中戰聲，泣請引去。 繼昌曰：「吾位最下，當俟主帥命。」 是夕，有終馳報至，徙繼昌屯雁橋門。 三月，破彌牟砦，斬首千級，大獲器仗，進逼魚橋門，均脫走。 繼昌入城，嚴戒部下，無擾民者。 獲婦女童幼置空寺中，俟事平遣還其家。 繼昌急領兵追賊至資州，聞均梟首乃還。 以功領獎州刺史。 俄知青州，入掌軍頭引見司。
In Xianping 3, when Wang Jun rebelled in Shu, he joined Lei Youzhong, Shangguan Zheng, and Shi Pu to attack and encamped at the west gate. The rebels opened the gate in a false retreat; Youzhong and the others led their troops straight in; Jichang sensed the trap, tried to halt them in vain, and alone returned to camp. The rebels shut the gate and sprang an ambush; nearly all were lost; Youzhong and the others barely escaped. Jichang held his camp steady; his officers, hearing fighting in the city, wept and begged to retreat. Jichang said: "I am lowest in rank; I must wait for the commander's order." That night Youzhong's dispatch arrived and Jichang was shifted to camp at the Wild Goose Bridge gate. In the third month they stormed the Mimu stockade, took a thousand heads and much booty, pressed to the Fish Bridge gate, and Jun fled. Jichang entered the city and strictly forbade his troops to harm the people. Women and children taken captive he placed in empty temples and sent home when order was restored. Jichang pursued the rebels to Zi Prefecture and returned only when Jun's head was reported taken. For merit he was made acting prefect of Jiao Prefecture. Soon he was prefect of Qing and entered to head the Army Head Presentation Office.
37
景德二年，將幸澶州，遣先赴河上給諸軍鎧甲。 遼人請和，欲近臣充使，乃令繼昌與其使姚東之偕詣遼部，俄與韓杞同至行在； 及遼人聘至，又命至境首接伴。 尋擢為西上閤門使。 三年，又副任中正使契丹。 是冬，將朝陵寢，以汝州近洛，衛兵所駐，命知州事兼兵馬鈐轄。 駕還，召歸，出知延州兼鄜延路鈐轄。
In Jingde 2, when the emperor planned to visit Cao, he was sent ahead to the Yellow River to issue armor to the armies. When the Liao sought peace and wanted a senior courtier as envoy, he went with their envoy Yao Dongzhi to the Liao border and soon returned with Han Qi to the imperial camp; when Liao envoys arrived he was again ordered to receive them first at the border as chief escort. He was soon promoted to Commissioner of the Western Upper Gate. In the third year he again served as deputy chief envoy to the Khitan. That winter, as the emperor was to visit the tombs, Ruzhou being near Luoyang and the guard encampment, he was ordered to govern the prefecture and serve as military controller. When the emperor returned he was recalled, then made prefect of Yanzhou and military controller of the Fuyan circuit.
38
天禧初，主誕日，邀繼昌過其家，迎拜為壽。 帝知之，密以襲衣、金帶、器幣、珍果、美饌賜之。 翌日，主入對，帝問繼昌強健能飲食，拜連州刺史，出知涇州。 表求兩朝御書及謁拜諸陵，皆許之。 二年冬，卒，年七十二。 遣中使護櫬以歸。 錄其子讚善大夫文晟為殿中丞，殿直文旦為侍禁。
Early in Tianxi, on the princess's birthday she invited Jichang to her home and received him with birthday obeisances. The emperor learned of it and secretly sent robes, a gold belt, vessels, silks, rare fruits, and delicacies. The next day the princess had audience; the emperor asked after Jichang's health, made him prefect of Lianzhou, and sent him to govern Jingzhou. He requested imperial calligraphy from both reigns and leave to visit the tombs; all was granted. In the winter of the second year he died at seventy-two. An imperial envoy escorted his coffin home. His son Wensheng, Gentleman for Fostering Virtue, was appointed Vice Director of the Palace Secretariat; Wendant, Palace Attendant, became Palace Guard.
39
繼昌性謹厚，士大夫樂與之遊。 為治尚寬，所至民懷之。 任峽路時，與上官正聯職。 正殘忍好殺，嘗有縣胥護芻糧，地遠後期，正令斬之，繼昌徐為解貸焉。 鄭伸者，早死，其母貧餓，嘗詣繼昌乞丐，家人兢前詬逐。 繼昌召見，與白金百兩，時人稱之。
Jichang was careful and generous; scholar-officials were glad to associate with him. He governed leniently; the people cherished him wherever he served. On the Gorges route he served with Shangguan Zheng. Zheng was cruel and bloodthirsty; once a county clerk escorting fodder was late because of the distance, and Zheng ordered him beheaded; Jichang gradually secured his release. Zheng Shen had died young; his mother, poor and starving, came to beg from Jichang; the household rushed out to abuse and drive her away. Jichang received her and gave her a hundred taels of silver; people praised him.
40
遵勖初尚主，詔升為崇矩子，授昭德軍留後、駙馬都尉。
When Zunxu first married the princess, an edict made him Chongju's son and appointed him military commissioner of Zhaode and Imperial Son-in-Law Commandant.
41
王仁贍
Wang Renshan
42
王仁贍，唐州方城人。 少倜儻，不事生產，委質刺史劉詞。 詞遷永興節度，署為牙校。 詞將卒，遺表薦仁贍材可用。 太祖素知其名，請於世宗，以隸帳下。
Wang Renshan was from Fangcheng in Tang Prefecture. As a youth he was bold and idle; he entered the service of Prefect Liu Ci. When Ci became military commissioner of Yongxing he made him a guard officer. On his deathbed Ci memorialized that Renshan's talent should be used. Taizu had long known his name and asked Shizong to assign him to his staff.
43
宋初，授武德使，出知秦州，改左飛龍使。 建隆二年，遷右領軍衛將軍，充樞密承旨。 高繼沖請命，以仁贍為荊南巡檢使。 繼沖入朝，命知軍府。 乾德初，遷左千牛衛大將軍。 不逾月，加內客省使。
Early in the Song he was made Commissioner of Martial Virtue, sent to govern Qinzhou, then made Commissioner of the Left Flying Dragon. In Jianlong 2 he became General of the Right Army Guard and Secretariat liaison to the Bureau of Military Affairs. When Gao Jichong submitted, Renshan was made inspector of Jingnan. When Jichong came to court Renshan was ordered to administer the prefecture. Early in Qiande he was made Grand General of the Left Thousand-Ox Guard. Within a month he was also made Commissioner of the Inner Guests Bureau.
44
二年春，召赴闕，擢為樞密副使。 七月，加左衛大將軍。 興師討蜀，命仁贍為鳳州路行營前軍都監。 蜀平，坐沒入生口財貨、殺降兵致蜀土擾亂，責授右衛大將軍。 初，劍南之役，大將王全斌等貪財，軍政廢弛，寇盜充斥。 太祖知之，每使蜀來者，令陳全斌等所入賄賂、子女及發官庫分取珠金等事，盡得其狀。 及全斌等歸，帝詰仁贍，仁贍歷詆諸將過失，欲自解。 帝曰：「納李廷珪妓女，開豐德庫取金寶，豈全斌輩邪？」 仁贍不能對。 廷珪，故蜀將也。 帝怒，令送中書鞫全斌等罪，仁贍以新立功，第行降黜而已。 帝幸洛，以仁贍判留守司、三司兼知開封府事。 及召沈倫赴行在，以仁贍為東京留守兼大內都部署。 駕還，遂判三司，俄命權宣徽北院事。
In the spring of the second year he was summoned to court and made Vice Commissioner of Military Affairs. In the seventh month he was also made Grand General of the Left Guard. When the campaign against Shu began, Renshan was made overall supervisor of the Fengzhou route vanguard. After Shu fell he was demoted to Grand General of the Right Guard for seizing captives and booty and killing surrendering troops, which threw Shu into disorder. Earlier in the Jiannan campaign the chief generals Wang Quanbin and others had grown greedy; discipline collapsed and bandits were everywhere. Taizu knew it; he had every envoy from Shu detail the bribes Quanbin and others took, the women they seized, and their opening the Fengde treasury to divide pearls and gold, until he had the full account. When Quanbin and the others returned, the emperor questioned Renshan, who denounced each general's faults to clear himself. The emperor said, "You took Li Tinggui's courtesan and opened the Fengde treasury for gold and jewels—was that Quanbin and his men?" Renshan had no answer. Tinggui had been a Shu general. The emperor in anger sent Quanbin and the others to the Secretariat for trial; Renshan, having just earned merit, was merely demoted. When the emperor went to Luoyang, Renshan was made acting administrator of the Luoyang garrison and Three Departments and concurrently prefect of Kaifeng. When Shen Lun was summoned to the imperial camp, Renshan became defender of the Eastern Capital and overall commander of the inner palace. When the emperor returned he took charge of the Three Departments and soon was ordered to act as Commissioner of the Northern Palace Secretariat court.
45
太平興國初，拜北院使兼判如故，加檢校太保。 四年，親征太原，充大內部署，仍判留守司、三司，總轄裏外巡檢司公事。 師還，加檢校太傅。 五年，仁贍廉得近臣戚里遣人市竹木秦、隴間，聯巨筏至京師，所過關渡，矯稱制免算； 既至，厚結有司，悉官市之，倍收其直。 仁贍密奏之，帝怒，以三司副使范旻、戶部判官杜載、開封府判官呂端屬吏。 旻、載具伏罔上為市竹木入官； 端為秦府親吏喬璉請託執事者。 貶旻為房州司戶，載均州司戶，端商州司戶。 判四方館事程德玄、武德使劉知信，翰林使杜彥圭，日騎、天武四廂都指揮使趙延溥，武德副使竇神興，左衛上將軍張永德，左領軍衛上將軍祁廷訓，駙馬都尉王承衎、石保吉、魏咸信，並坐販竹木入官，責降罰奉。 是歲，車駕北巡，命仁贍為大內部署。
At the start of Taiping Xingguo he was made Northern Court Commissioner with the same duties and honorary Grand Guardian. In the fourth year, on the Taiyuan campaign, he commanded the inner palace, still ran the garrison and Three Departments, and oversaw all inspection offices. When the army returned he was given the honorary title Grand Tutor. In the fifth year Renshan learned that court favorites and imperial kin had men buy timber between Qin and Long, rafting it to the capital and at every pass falsely claiming imperial exemption from tolls; once it arrived they cultivated officials, who bought it all for the government at double the price. Renshan reported secretly; the emperor in anger handed Fan Min, Du Zai, and Lü Duan over to the authorities. Min and Zai confessed to deceiving the throne by procuring timber for the government; Duan had lobbied for Qiao Lian, a personal clerk of the Prince of Qin. Min was demoted to registrar of Fangzhou, Zai of Junzhou, and Duan of Shangzhou. Cheng Dexuan, Liu Zhixin, Du Yangui, Zhao Yanpu, Dou Shenxing, Zhang Yongde, Qi Tingxun, and the imperial sons-in-law Wang Chengyan, Shi Baoji, and Wei Xianxin were all punished for selling timber to the government and had their salaries cut. That year, on the northern tour, Renshan was made overall commander of the inner palace.
46
七年春，以政事與僚屬相矛盾，爭辯帝前，仁贍辭屈，責授右衛大將軍。 翌日，改唐州防禦使，月給奉錢三十萬。 仁贍之獲罪也，兵部郎中、判勾院宋琪及三司判官並降秩。 先是，仁贍掌計司殆十年，恣下吏為奸，怙恩寵無敢發者； 前者發范旻等事，中外益畏其口。 會屬吏陳恕等數人率以皦察不畏強禦自任，因議本司事有不協者。 朝參日，恕獨出班持狀奏其事。 帝詰之，仁贍屈伏。 帝怒甚，故及於譴，而恕等悉獎擢。 琪與恕等聯事，始合謀同奏，至帝前而宋琪猶附會仁贍，故亦左降。 仁贍既失權勢，因怏怏成疾，數日卒，年六十六。
In the spring of the seventh year he quarreled with subordinates before the emperor; Renshan was silenced and demoted to Grand General of the Right Guard. The next day he was made Defender of Tang Prefecture with a monthly salary of three hundred thousand cash. When Renshan fell, Song Qi and the Three Departments judges were all demoted. Renshan had run the revenue office nearly ten years, letting subordinates cheat while his favor protected him; after he exposed Fan Min and the others, everyone feared his accusations. Subordinates led by Chen Shu styled themselves incorruptible and fearless, and disputed office policy. At court Shu alone stepped forward with a memorial reporting the matter. The emperor questioned him; Renshan admitted guilt. The emperor was furious and punished Renshan, while Shu and the others were all promoted. Qi had plotted with Shu to report together, but at court he still sided with Renshan and was demoted too. Stripped of power, he fell ill from resentment and died within days at sixty-six.
47
後帝因言及三司財賦，謂宰相趙普等曰：「王仁贍領邦計積年，恣吏為奸，諸場院官皆隱沒官錢以千萬計，朕悉令罷之，命使分掌。 仁贍再三言，恐虧舊數，朕拒之。 未逾年，舊獲千緡者為一二萬緡，萬緡者為六七萬緡，其利數倍，用度既足，儻遇水旱，即可免民租稅。 仁贍心知其非，頗亦慚悸，朕優容之。」 子昭雍，為崇儀副使。
Later, discussing Three Departments revenue, the emperor told Zhao Pu and others, "Wang Renshan ran state finances for years while clerks cheated; depot officials hid tens of millions—I abolished them and sent commissioners to take charge. Renshan kept saying the old totals would suffer; I refused. Within a year a thousand-string yield became ten or twenty thousand, and ten thousand became sixty or seventy thousand; profits multiplied; expenses were met, and in flood or drought taxes could be remitted. Renshan knew he was wrong and was ashamed; I treated him leniently." His son Zhaoyong was Deputy Commissioner of Honored Ceremonials.
48
楚昭輔
Chu Zhaofu
49
楚昭輔，字拱辰，宋州宋城人。 少事華帥劉詞。 詞卒，事太祖，隸麾下，以才幹稱，甚信任之。 陳橋師還，昭憲太后在城中，太祖憂之，遣昭輔問起居，昭輔具言士眾推戴之狀，太后乃安。
Chu Zhaofu, styled Gongchen, was from Songcheng in Song Prefecture. As a youth he served Huazhou commander Liu Ci. When Ci died he entered Taizu's service, famed for ability and deeply trusted. When the Chenqiao army returned, Empress Dowager Zhaoxian was in the city; Taizu sent Zhaofu to inquire; he reported the troops' acclamation fully, and she was reassured.
50
宋初，為軍器庫使。 太祖親討澤、潞，及征淮揚，並以昭輔為京城巡檢。 建隆四年，權知揚州，使江表。 還，命鉤校左藏庫金帛，數日而畢，條對稱旨。 開寶四年，帝以其能心計，拜左驍衛大將軍、權判三司。 六年，遷樞密副使。 九年，命權宣徽南院事。
Early in the Song he was Commissioner of the Armory. On Taizu's campaigns against Ze and Lu and on the Huai and Yang, Zhaofu was each time made capital inspector. In Jianlong 4 he was acting prefect of Yangzhou and sent to the Jiangnan region. On return he audited the Left Treasury's gold and silks, finished in days, and his report pleased the emperor. In Kaibao 4, for his accounting skill, he was made Grand General of the Left Valiant Cavalry and acting administrator of the Three Departments. In the sixth year he became Vice Commissioner of Military Affairs. In the ninth year he was ordered to act as Commissioner of the Southern Palace Secretariat court.
51
太平興國初，拜樞密使。 三年，加檢校太傅。 從征太原，加檢校太尉。 俄以足疾請告，帝親臨問。 以所居湫隘，命有司廣之，昭輔慮侵民地，固讓不願治。 帝嘉其意，賜白金萬兩，令別市第。 昭輔被疾，家居近一歲，始以石熙載代之。 昭輔不求解職，上亦不忍罷。 會郊祀畢，罷為驍騎衛上將軍。 逾年卒，年六十九。 廢朝，贈侍中，命中使護其喪歸葬鄉里。 無子，錄其兄子吉為供奉官，敏為殿直。
At the start of Taiping Xingguo he was made Commissioner of Military Affairs. In the third year he was given the honorary title Grand Tutor. On the Taiyuan campaign he was given the honorary title Grand Commandant. Soon he took leave for foot ailment; the emperor visited him in person. His house being cramped, the emperor ordered it enlarged; Zhaofu feared encroaching on neighbors' land and firmly declined. The emperor praised him, gave ten thousand taels of silver, and told him to buy another house. Ill, he stayed home nearly a year before Shi Xizai replaced him. Zhaofu did not ask to resign; the emperor could not bear to dismiss him. After the suburban sacrifice he was dismissed as Grand General of the Valiant Cavalry Guard. A year later he died at sixty-nine. Court was suspended; he was posthumously made Palace Attendant; an envoy escorted his body home for burial. Childless, his nephews Ji and Min were appointed Honored Attendant and Palace Attendant.
52
昭輔性勤介，人不敢干以私，然頗吝嗇，前後賜予萬計，悉聚而畜之。 嘗引賓客故舊至藏中縱觀，且曰：「吾無汗馬勞，徒以際會得此，吾為國家守爾，後當獻於上。」 及罷機務，悉以市善田宅，時論鄙之。
Zhaofu was diligent and upright; none dared seek private favors, yet he was stingy and hoarded gifts by the tens of thousands. He once showed guests his treasury and said, "I earned no battlefield merit but gained this by fortune; I hold it for the state and will present it to the throne." When he left office he spent it all on land and houses; opinion despised him.
53
初，詞卒，昭輔來京師，問卜於瞽者劉悟。 悟為筮卜，曰：「汝遇貴人，見奇表豐下者即汝主也，宜謹事之，汝當貴矣。」 及見太祖，狀貌如悟言，遂委質焉。
When Ci died, Zhaofu came to the capital and consulted the blind diviner Liu Wu. Wu divined and said, "You will meet a noble; when you see a man of strange bearing and full lower face, that is your lord—serve him well and you will rise." When he met Taizu, the man's appearance matched Wu's prophecy, and he entered his service.
54
咸平三年，錄弟之子諒為借職。 大中祥符八年，又錄從孫鼎為右班殿直。 吉至內殿崇班。 吉子隨，敏子咸，並進士及第，隨為太常博士，咸屯田員外郎。
In Xianping 3 his nephew Liang was given borrowed office rank. In Dazhong Xiangfu 8 his collateral descendant Ding was made Right Class Palace Attendant. Ji rose to Inner Hall Honored Class. Ji's son Sui and Min's son Xian both passed the jinshi; Sui became Doctor of Imperial Sacrifices, Xian Vice Director of Revenue.
55
李處耘
Li Chuyun
56
李處耘，潞州上黨人。 父肇，仕後唐，歷軍校，至檢校司徒。 從討王都定州，契丹來援，唐師不利，肇力戰死之。 晉末，處耘尚幼，隨兄處疇至京師，遇張彥澤斬關而入，縱士卒剽略。 處耘年猶未冠，獨當里門，射殺十數人，眾無敢當者。 會暮夜，遂退。 迨曉復鬥，又殺數人，鬥未解。 有所親握兵，聞難來赴，遂得釋，里中賴之。
Li Chuyun was from Shangdang in Lu Prefecture. His father Zhao served Later Tang, rising through military ranks to Honorary Minister of Works. On the campaign against Wang Du at Dingzhou the Khitan intervened; the Tang army suffered and Zhao died in fierce fighting. Late in Jin, Chuyun was young; he followed his brother Chuchou to the capital when Zhang Yanzhe broke in and let troops loot. Not yet of age, he alone held the lane gate and killed more than ten men; none dared approach. At nightfall they withdrew. At dawn fighting resumed; he killed several more before it ended. A kinsman with troops heard and came; he was saved, and the neighborhood owed him.
57
漢初，折從阮帥府州，召置門下，委以軍務。 從阮後歷鄧、滑、陝、邠四節度，處耘皆從之。 在新平日，折氏甥詣闕誣告處耘之罪，周祖信之，黜為宜祿鎮將。 從阮表雪其冤，詔復隸麾下。
Early in Han, Zhe Congruan of Fuzhou took him on staff and entrusted him with military affairs. Congruan later held Deng, Hua, Shaan, and Bin; Chuyun followed him to each. At Xinping a Zhe nephew falsely accused him at court; Zhou Taizu believed it and demoted him to garrison commander of Yilu. Congruan memorialized to clear him; an edict restored him to his staff.
58
顯德中，從阮遺表稱處耘可用，會李繼勳鎮河陽，詔署以右職。 繼勳初不為禮，因會將吏宴射，處耘連四發中的，繼勳大奇之，令升堂拜母，稍委郡務，俾掌河津。 處耘白繼勳曰：「此津往來者懼有奸焉，不可不察也。」 居數月，果得契丹諜者，索之，有與西川、江南蠟書，即遣處耘部送闕下。
In Xiande, Congruan's deathbed memorial praised him; when Li Jixun took Henei, an edict gave him a senior military post. Jixun at first slighted him; at an officers' archery feast Chuyun hit four targets in a row; Jixun was amazed, had him bow to his mother, and gradually entrusted him with prefectural affairs and the river crossing. Chuyun told Jixun, "Traffic at this crossing may hide spies—it must be watched." Within months he seized a Khitan spy with wax letters to Western Shu and Jiangnan and escorted him to court.
59
太祖時領殿前親軍，繼勳罷鎮，世宗以處耘隸太祖帳下，補都押衙。 會太祖出征，駐軍陳橋，處耘見軍中謀欲推戴，遽白太宗，與王彥升謀，召馬仁瑀、李漢超等定議，始入白太祖，太祖拒之。 俄而諸軍大噪，入驛門，太祖不能卻。 處耘臨機決事，謀無不中，太祖嘉之，授客省使兼樞密承旨、右衛將軍。
When Taizu commanded the Palace Front, Jixun left his post and Shizong assigned Chuyun to Taizu as chief adjutant. When Taizu camped at Chenqiao, Chuyun saw the troops plotting acclamation, told the Prince of Jin, and with Wang Yansheng summoned Ma Renyu and Li Hanchao; they told Taizu first, who refused. Soon the whole army roared into the post station; Taizu could not hold them back. Chuyun decided on the spot; his plans never failed; Taizu praised him and made him Commissioner of the Guest Bureau, Military Affairs liaison, and General of the Right Guard.
60
從平澤、潞，遷羽林大將軍、宣徽北院使。 討李重進，為行營兵馬都監。 賊平，以處耘知揚州。 大兵之後，境內凋弊，處耘勤於綏撫，奏減城中居民屋稅，民皆悅服。 建隆三年，詔歸京師，老幼遮道涕泣，累日不得去。 拜宣徽南院使兼樞密副使，賜甲第一區。
After Ze and Lu were pacified he became Grand General of the Forest Guard and Northern Court Commissioner. On the campaign against Li Chongjin he was overall military supervisor of the field army. When the rebels were crushed he was made prefect of Yangzhou. After the armies the region was ruined; Chuyun worked hard at relief, cut city house taxes, and won the people's hearts. In Jianlong 3 he was recalled; old and young blocked the road weeping for days. He was made Southern Court Commissioner and Vice Commissioner of Military Affairs and given a suit of armor.
61
朗州軍亂，詔慕容延釗率師討之，以處耘為都監。 入辭，帝親授方略，令會兵漢上。 先是，朝廷遣內酒坊副使盧懷忠使荊南，覘勢強弱。 使還，具言可取之狀，遂命處耘圖之。 處耘至襄州，先遣閤門使丁德裕假道荊南，請具薪水給軍，荊人辭以民庶恐懼，願供芻餼於百里外。 處耘又遣德裕諭之，乃聽命。 遂令軍中曰：「入江陵城有不由路及擅入民舍者斬。」
When Langzhou rebelled, Murong Yanzhao was ordered to attack and Chuyun was overall supervisor. At audience the emperor personally gave strategy and ordered him to join forces on the Han. Earlier the court had sent Lu Huaizhong to Jingnan to gauge strength. He returned reporting it could be taken, and Chuyun was ordered to plan the conquest. At Xiangzhou he sent Ding Deyu to ask passage through Jingnan for supplies; the Jing people asked to supply fodder a hundred li away. Chuyun sent Deyu again and they obeyed. He ordered the army: anyone entering Jiangling off the route or private houses would be beheaded.
62
師次荊門，高繼沖遣其叔保寅及軍校梁延嗣奉牛酒犒師，且來覘也。 處耘待之有加，諭令翌日先還。 延嗣大喜，令報繼沖以無虞。 荊門距江陵百餘里，是夕，召保寅等飲宴延釗之帳。 處耘密遣輕騎數千倍道前進。 繼沖但俟保寅、延嗣之還，遽聞大軍奄至，即惶怖出迎，遇處耘於江陵北十五里。 處耘揖繼沖，令待延釗，遂率親兵先入登北門。 比繼沖還，則兵已分據城中，荊人束手聽命。 即調發江陵卒萬餘人，並其師，晨夜趨朗州。 又先遣別將分麾下及江陵兵趨岳州，大破賊於三江口，獲船七百餘艘，斬首四千級。 又遇賊帥張從富於澧江，擊敗之。 逐北至敖山砦，賊棄砦走，俘獲甚眾。 處耘釋所俘體肥者數十人，令左右分啖之，黥其少健者，令先入朗州。 會暮，宿砦中，遲明，延釗大軍繼至。 黥者先入城言，被擒者悉為大軍所啖，朗人大懼，縱火焚城而潰。 會朗帥周保權年尚幼，為大將汪端劫匿於江南砦僧寺中。 處耘遣麾下將田守奇帥師渡江獲之。 遂入潭州，盡得荊湖之地。
At Jingmen, Gao Jichong sent his uncle Baoyin and officer Liang Yansi with cattle and wine to reward the army and spy. Chuyun treated them well and told them to return first the next day. Yansi was delighted and told Jichong there was no danger. Jingmen was over a hundred li from Jiangling; that evening he feasted Baoyin in Yanzhao's tent. Chuyun secretly sent thousands of light cavalry ahead by forced march. Jichong waited for Baoyin and Yansi; suddenly the main army was upon him; terrified, he met Chuyun fifteen li north of Jiangling. Chuyun bowed to Jichong, told him to wait for Yanzhao, and led his guard in through the north gate. When Jichong returned, troops held the city; the Jing people submitted. He mobilized ten thousand Jiangling troops with his army and hurried to Langzhou. Separate columns went to Yuezhou, routed rebels at Sanjiangkou, took seven hundred boats, and beheaded four thousand. They met rebel chief Zhang Congfu on the Li River and defeated him. Pursuing to Aoshan, the rebels fled; captives were many. Chuyun released fat captives for his men to eat in portions, tattooed the young and strong, and sent them into Langzhou first. They camped at dusk; at dawn Yanzhao's main army arrived. The tattooed men entered saying captives were eaten by the army; Langzhou panicked, burned the city, and fled. Lang commander Zhou Baoquan was young; the general Wang Duan had seized him and hidden him in a Jiangnan monastery. Chuyun sent Tian Shouqi across the river to capture him. He entered Tanzhou and secured the entire Jinghu region.
63
初，師至襄州，衢肆鬻餅者率減少，倍取軍人之直。 處耘捕得其尤者二人送延釗，延釗怒不受，往復三四，處耘遂命斬於市以徇。 延釗所部小校司義舍於荊州客將王氏家，使酒凶恣，王氏愬於處耘。 處耘召義嗬責，義又譖處耘於延釗。 至白湖，處耘望見軍人入民舍，良久，舍中人大呼求救，遣捕之，即延釗圉人也，乃鞭其背，延釗怒斬之。 由是大不協，更相論奏。 朝議以延釗宿將貰其過，謫處耘為淄州刺史。 處耘懼，不敢自明。 在州數年，乾德四年，卒，年四十七。 廢朝，贈宣德軍節度、檢校太傅，賜地葬於洛陽偏橋村。
At Xiangzhou, cake sellers shorted portions and doubled prices for soldiers. Chuyun seized the worst offenders and sent them to Yanzhao, who refused them; after several exchanges Chuyun had them beheaded in the market. Yanzhao's petty officer Si Yi lodged with a Jingzhou host, got drunk and violent; the host complained to Chuyun. Chuyun berated Yi; Yi slandered Chuyun to Yanzhao. At Baihu Lake Chuyun saw soldiers enter a house; cries for help came; he seized Yanzhao's groom and flogged him; Yanzhao angrily beheaded the groom. They fell out badly and each reported the other. Court opinion favored the veteran Yanzhao; Chuyun was demoted to prefect of Zizhou. Chuyun was afraid and did not defend himself. After several years in office, in Qiande 4 he died at forty-seven. Court was suspended; he was posthumously made Xunde military commissioner and Honorary Grand Tutor, with burial land at Pianqiao near Luoyang.
64
處耘有度量，善談當世之務，居常以功名為己任。 荊湖之役，處耘以近臣護軍，自以受太祖之遇，思有以報，故臨事專制，不顧群議，遂至於貶。 後太祖頗追念之。 及開寶中，為太宗納其次女為妃，即明德皇后也。
Chuyun was magnanimous and skilled at current affairs; he lived for merit and fame. In Jinghu, as a favored minister overseeing troops, he repaid Taizu's trust with arbitrary command and was demoted. Later Taizu often recalled him with regret. In Kaibao the Prince of Jin married his second daughter—the future Empress Mingde.
65
子繼隆、繼和，自有傳； 繼恂，官至洛苑使、順州刺史，贈左神武大將軍。 繼恂子昭遜，為供備庫使。 處疇，官至作坊使，子繼凝。
His sons Jilong and Jihe have separate biographies; Jixun became Luoyuan Commissioner and prefect of Shunzhou, posthumously Grand General of the Left Divine Martial Army. Jixun's son Zhaoxun was Supply Preparation Commissioner. Chuchou became Workshops Commissioner; his son Jining.
66
子繼隆
Son: Jilong
67
繼隆，字霸圖，幼養於伯父處疇。 及長，以父蔭補供奉官。 處耘貶淄州，繼隆亦除籍。 會長春節，與其母入貢，復舊官。 時權臣與處耘有宿憾者，忌繼隆有才，繼隆因落魄不治產，以遊獵為娛。
Jilong, styled Batu, was raised by his uncle Chuchou. When grown he entered office through his father's privilege as Honored Attendant. When Chuyun was demoted to Zizhou, Jilong was struck from the rolls. At the Long Spring festival he came to court with his mother and was restored to office. A powerful minister hated Chuyun and feared Jilong's talent; Jilong lived idly, hunting for pleasure.
68
乾德中平蜀，選為果、閬監軍，年方弱冠，母憂其未更事，將輔以處耘左右。 繼隆曰：「是行兒自有立，豈須此輩，願不以為慮。」 母慰而遣之。 代還，夜涉棧道，雨滑，與馬偕墜絕澗，深十餘丈，絓於大樹。 騎卒馳數十里外，取火引綆以出之。
When Shu was pacified in Qiande he was chosen overseer of Guo and Lang; barely twenty, his mother wished to send old attendants. Jilong said, "On this trip I will prove myself—no need for them; do not worry." His mother was reassured and sent him off. Returning at night on a plank road, rain made it slippery; he and his horse fell into a ravine over ten zhang deep and caught on a tree. Riders rode tens of li for fire and rope to haul him out.
69
會征江南，領雄武卒三百戍邵州，止給刀盾。 蠻賊數千陣長沙南，截其道。 繼隆率眾力戰，賊遁去，手足俱中毒矢，得良藥而愈，部卒死傷者三之一。 太祖聞其勇敢而器重之。 又與石曦率兵襲袁州，破桃田砦，追賊二十里，入潭富砦，焚其梯衝芻積。
On the Jiangnan campaign he led three hundred Valiant Martial troops to garrison Shaozhou with only shields and blades. Several thousand barbarian bandits blocked the road south of Changsha. Jilong fought fiercely; the bandits fled; poisoned arrows struck his hands and feet but he recovered; a third of his men were killed or wounded. Taizu heard of his bravery and valued him. With Shi Xi he raided Yuanzhou, broke Taotian stockade, pursued twenty li, burned siege equipment at Tanfu.
70
復從李符督荊湖漕運，給征南諸軍。 吳人以王師不便水戰，多出舟師斷餉道，繼隆屢與鬥，糧悉善達。 日馳四五百里，常令往來覘候。 一日中途遇虎，射殺之。 嘗獲吳將，部送赴闕，至項縣而病，斬其首以獻，太祖益嘉之。 與吳人戰，流矢中額，以所冠胄堅厚，得不傷。
He again followed Li Fu supervising Jinghu transport for the southern armies. The Wu, thinking Song troops poor at sea, cut supply lines; Jilong fought them repeatedly and grain arrived safely. He rode four or five hundred li a day on scouting missions. One day he met a tiger on the road and shot it dead. He captured a Wu general; at Xiang county the man fell ill and he beheaded him for presentation; Taizu praised him further. A stray arrow struck his forehead; his thick helmet saved him.
71
太祖察其才，且追念其父，欲拔用之，謂曰：「昇州平，可持捷書來，當厚賞汝。」 時內侍使軍中者十數輩，皆伺城陷獻捷，會有機事當入奏，皆不願行，而繼隆獨請赴闕。 太宗見其來，時城尚未下，甚訝之。 繼隆度金陵破在旦夕，因言在途遇大風晦暝，城破之兆也。 翌日，捷奏至，太祖召謂曰：「如汝所料矣。」 吳將盧絳聚眾萬餘，攻掠州縣，命繼隆招來之。 江南平，錄功遷莊宅副使。 從幸西洛，改御營前後巡檢使。
Taizu, recalling his father, said, "When Shengzhou falls, bring the victory report and I will richly reward you." Dozens of inner attendants waited to present victory when the city fell; when court business arose none would go, but Jilong alone volunteered. The Prince of Jin was greatly surprised to see him when the city had not yet fallen. Jilong judged Jinling would fall soon and said wind and dark sky on the road foretold it. The next day victory came; Taizu said, "As you foretold." Wu general Lu Jiang gathered over ten thousand and raided; Jilong was ordered to summon his surrender. When Jiangnan fell his merit was recorded and he became Vice Commissioner of the Manor Estates. On the western capital tour he became inspector of the Imperial Camp.
72
太平興國二年，改六宅使。 嘗詔與王文寶、李神祐、劉承珪同護浚京西河，又與梁迥、竇神寶治決河。 迥體肥碩，所乘舟弊不能濟，繼隆易以己舟。 已而繼隆舟果覆，棲枯桑杪，賴他舟以度。
In Taiping Xingguo 2 he became Commissioner of the Six Residences. He was ordered with Wang Wenbao and others to dredge the western capital river, and with Liang Jiong and Dou Shenbao to repair the Yellow River breach. Jiong was corpulent; his boat was rotten; Jilong gave him his own boat. Jilong's boat soon capsized; he clung to a dead mulberry and was saved by another boat.
73
從征太原，為四面提舉都監，與李漢瓊領梯衝地道攻城西面，機石過其旁，從卒仆死，繼隆督戰無怠。 討幽州，與郭守文領先鋒，破契丹數千眾。 及圍范陽，又與守文為先鋒，大敗其眾於湖翟河南。
On the Taiyuan campaign he supervised the four sides; catapult stones killed attendants beside him, yet he pressed the attack. On the Youzhou campaign he and Guo Shouwen led the vanguard and routed thousands of Khitan. Besieging Fanyang he and Shouwen again led the vanguard and routed the enemy south of the Hudi River.
74
後為鎮州都監，契丹犯邊，與崔翰諸將禦之。 初，太宗授以陣圖，及臨陣有不便，眾以上命不可違。 繼隆曰：「事有應變，安可預定，設獲違詔之罪，請獨當也。」 即從宜而行，敗之於徐河。
Later he was Zhenzhou overall supervisor; when Khitan raided he resisted with Cui Han and others. Taizong had given him a battle diagram; in the field it was unsuitable, but troops said the order could not be disobeyed. Jilong said, "War requires adaptation—how fix it in advance? If disobedience is a crime, let me bear it alone." He acted as circumstances required and won at the Xu River.
75
四年，遷宮苑使、領媯州刺史，護三交屯兵。 與潘美出征北邊，破靈丘縣，盡略其人以歸。 改定州駐泊都監。 嘗領兵出土鐙砦，與賊戰，獲牛羊、車帳甚眾。 詔書褒美。
In the fourth year he became Palace Park Commissioner and acting Ji prefect, overseeing Sanjiao garrison troops. With Pan Mei on the northern border he took Lingqiu and carried off its people. He was made overall supervisor at Dingzhou. He led troops from Tutie stockade, fought, and captured much livestock and equipment. An edict praised him.
76
李繼遷叛，命繼隆與田仁朗、王侁率兵擊之。 四月，出銀州北，破悉利諸族，追奔數十里，斬三千餘級，俘蕃漢老幼千餘，梟代州刺史折羅遇及其弟埋乞首，牛馬、鎧仗所獲尤多。 又出開光穀西杏子坪，破保寺、保香族，斬其副首領埋乜已五十七人，降銀三族首領析八軍等三千餘眾，復破沒邵浪、悉訛諸族，及濁輪川東、兔頭川西，生擒七十八人，斬首五十九級，俘獲數千計。 引師至監城，吳移、越移四族來降，惟岌伽羅膩十四族怙其眾不下，乃與尹憲襲擊之，夷其帳千餘，俘斬七千餘級。 俄改領環州團練使，又護高陽關屯兵。
When Li Jiyuan rebelled, Jilong was ordered with Tian Renlang and Wang You to attack. In the fourth month north of Yinzhou he broke the Xili tribes, pursued tens of li, beheaded three thousand, took many captives, and displayed the heads of Zheluoyu and Maiqi with great booty. He again struck west of Kaiguang valley, broke several tribes, took many heads and captives by the thousands. At Jiancheng four tribes submitted; fourteen tribes refused; he with Yin Xian destroyed over a thousand tents and beheaded seven thousand. Soon he became Huanzhou regimental commander and again oversaw Gaoyang Pass.
77
從曹彬征幽州，率兵助先鋒薛繼昭破其眾數千於固安南，下固安、新城，進克涿州，矢中左股，血流至踵，獲契丹貴臣一人。 彬欲上其功，繼隆止之。 俄而傅潛、米信軍敗眾潰，獨繼隆所部振旅而還。 即命繼隆知定州，尋詔分屯諸軍，繼隆令書吏盡錄其詔。 旬餘，有敗卒集城下，不知所向，繼隆按詔給券，俾各持詣所部。 太宗益嘉其有謀。
On Cao Bin's Youzhou campaign he assisted Xue Jizhao, took Gu'an and Zhuozhou, was wounded in the thigh, and captured a Khitan noble. Bin wished to report his merit; Jilong refused. Soon Fu Qian and Mi Xin were routed; only Jilong's command returned in order. He was made Dingzhou prefect; when troops were divided he had clerks record the full edict. Defeated soldiers gathered at the wall; Jilong issued vouchers per the edict to send each to his command. Taizong praised his resourcefulness.
78
三年，遷侍衛馬軍都虞候、領武州防禦使。 契丹大入邊，出為滄州都部署。 劉廷讓與敵戰君子館，先約繼隆以精卒後殿，緩急為援。 既而敵圍廷讓數重，繼隆引麾下兵退保樂壽，廷讓力不敵，全軍陷沒，裁以單騎遁免。 上怒，追繼隆赴闕，令中書問狀，既而得釋。 逾年，加領本州觀察使。
In the third year he became Deputy Commander of the Palace Horse Army and Defender of Wu. When Khitan raided deeply he was overall deployer of Cangzhou. Liu Tingrang fought at Junzi Pavilion; Jilong had agreed to follow with elite rear guard. The enemy surrounded Tingrang; Jilong withdrew to Le Shou; Tingrang's whole army was lost and he barely escaped. The emperor was angry and summoned Jilong for questioning; he was then released. After a year he was also made military commissioner of his prefecture.
79
端拱初，製授侍衛馬軍都指揮使、領保順節度。 九月，出為定州都部署。 初，朝議有寇至，令堅壁清野，勿與戰。 一日，契丹驟至，攻滿城，至唐河。 護軍袁繼忠慷慨請出師，中黃門林延壽等五人以詔書止之。 繼隆曰：「閫外之事，將帥得專。」 乃與繼忠出兵，戰數合，擊走之。
At the start of Duangong he commanded the Palace Horse Army and held Baoshun. In the ninth month he was overall deployer of Dingzhou. Court policy was to fortify and clear the countryside, not fight. One day Khitan suddenly attacked Mancheng and reached the Tang River. Protector Yuan Jizhong begged to fight; five eunuchs including Lin Yanshou stopped them by edict. Jilong said, "Beyond the gate generals decide for themselves." He and Jizhong led troops out, fought several rounds, and drove them off.
80
二年冬，送芻粟入威虜軍，蕃將於越率騎八萬來邀王師，繼隆所領步騎裁一萬，先命千人設伏城北十里，而與尹繼倫列陣以待。 敵眾方食，繼倫出其不意，擊走之。 繼隆追奔過徐河，俘獲甚眾。 嘗有詔廢威虜軍，繼隆言：「梁門為北面保障，不可廢。」 遂城守如故，訖為要地。
In winter of the second year he escorted fodder to Weilu; Yuyue led eighty thousand cavalry; Jilong had ten thousand and set an ambush ten li north with Yin Jilun. While the enemy ate, Jilun struck unexpectedly and routed them. Jilong pursued past the Xu River with many captives. An edict had abolished Weilu army; Jilong said Liang Gate was the north's bulwark and could not be abolished. They garrisoned as before and it remained a key post.
81
淳化初，上遣使至定州，密諭繼隆：「若契丹復入寇，朕當親討。」 繼隆上奏曰：「自北邊肆孽，邊邑多虞，陛下不知臣不材，任以疆事，臣敢不講求軍實，震耀戎容，奉揚天聲，以遏外侮。 然臣奉辭之日，曾瀝愚衷，誠以蜂蟻之妖，必就鯨鯢之戮。 臣子之分，死生以之，望不議於親巡，庶靡勞於天步，今聆聖誨，將決親征，且一人既行，百司景從，次舍驅馳，郡縣供饋，勞費滋甚。 殄此微妖，當責將帥，臣雖駑弱，誓死為期。」 是歲，契丹不入邊，議遂止。
Early in Chunhua the emperor secretly told Jilong he would campaign in person if Khitan raided again. Jilong memorialized that he would uphold Heaven's prestige and check the barbarians without troubling the emperor to campaign in person. He had pledged that small foes would meet destruction. He begged the emperor not to tour in person lest the court be burdened. A personal campaign would burden the realm; he would die to destroy the foe instead. He vowed to die on schedule if the generals were trusted.
82
四年夏，召還，太宗面獎之，改領靜難軍節度，復遣還屯所。 時夏州趙保忠與繼遷連謀，朝廷患之，又綏州牙校高文岯舉城效順，河外蕃漢大擾，以繼隆為河西行營都部署、尚食使尹繼隆為都監以討之。 既而繼遷遁去，擒保忠以獻。 初，裨將侯延廣、監軍秦翰議請誅保忠，及出兵追之，繼隆曰：「保忠杌上肉爾，當請於天子。 今繼遷遁去，千里窮磧，艱於轉餉，宜養威持重，未易輕舉。」 延廣等服其言。
That year Khitan did not raid and the plan was dropped. In the fourth summer he was recalled, praised, made Jingnan military commissioner, and sent back. With Xiazhou in turmoil and Gao Wenpi submitting, Jilong was made Hexi overall deployer with Yin Jilong as supervisor. Soon Jiyuan fled and Baozhong was captured. Officers wished to kill Baozhong; Jilong said he was meat on the block and they should ask the emperor. With Jiyuan fled and supply hard across desert, they should hold steady.
83
會密詔廢夏州，隳其城。 繼隆命秦翰與弟繼和及高繼勳同入奏，以為朔方古鎮，賊所窺覦之地，存之可依以破賊； 並請於銀、夏兩州南界山中增置保戍，以扼其衝，且為內屬蕃部之障蔽，而斷賊糧運。 皆不報。
Yanguang and the others agreed. A secret edict came to abolish Xiazhou and destroy its walls. Jilong sent Qin Han, Jihe, and Gao Jixun to court arguing Xiazhou should be kept to break the enemy. They asked for garrison posts south of Yin and Xia to choke routes and cut supplies.
84
至道二年，白守宗守榮、馬紹忠等送糧靈州，為繼遷所邀，敗於洛浦河。 上聞之怒，亟命繼隆為靈、環十州都部署。 是秋，五路討繼遷，以繼隆出環州，取東關鎮，由赤檉、苦井路赴之。 繼隆以所出道回遠乏水，請由橐駝路徑趨賊之巢穴。 且遣繼和入奏，太宗召詰之，知其必敗，因遣周瑩齎手詔切責，督其進軍赤檉。 瑩至，繼隆以便宜發兵，不俟報，與丁罕行十餘日，果不見賊而還。 諸將失期，士卒困乏。 繼隆素剛，因慚憤，肆殺戮，乃奏轉運使陳絳、梁鼎軍儲不繼，並坐削秩。
None was granted. In Zhidao 2 grain escorts were intercepted by Jiyuan and defeated at Luopu River. The emperor in anger made Jilong overall deployer of ten Ling and Huan prefectures. That autumn's five-route campaign had Jilong exit Huanzhou by Red Tallow and Bitter Well roads. The route was long and waterless; he requested the camel route straight at the enemy. Jihe reported; Taizong knew they would fail and sent Zhou Ying with a stern edict to advance on Red Tallow. Ying arrived; Jilong marched without awaiting reply, saw no enemy in ten days, and returned. Generals missed deadlines; troops were weary.
85
三年春，繼遷以蕃部從順者眾，遣其軍主史乚遇率兵屯橐駝口西北雙雉，以遏絕之。 執倉族蕃官乚遇來告，繼隆遣劉承蘊、田敏會乚遇討之，斬首數千級，獲牛馬、橐駝萬計。
Ashamed and angry, Jilong wantonly killed and blamed transport commissioners Chen Jiang and Liang Ding, who were demoted. In spring of the third year Jiyuan sent Shiyiyu to block submitting tribes at Shuangzhi.
86
先是，受詔送軍糧赴靈州，必由旱海路，自冬至春，而芻粟始集。 繼隆請由古原州蔚茹河路便，眾議不一，繼隆固執論其事，太宗許焉。 遂率師以進，壁古原州，令如京使胡守澄城之，是為鎮戎軍。
Yiyu reported; Jilong sent Liu Chengyun and Tian Min to attack and took vast booty. Grain to Lingzhou had to go by the Dry Sea road from winter to spring. Jilong requested the Weiru River route; Taizong assented.
87
真宗即位，改領鎮安軍節度、檢校太傅。 逾月召還，加同中書門下平章事，解兵柄歸本鎮。 咸平二年，丁內艱，起復。 會秋潦暴集，蔡水壞岸，繼隆乘危督士卒補塞，自辰訖午，衝波稍息。 四年，加檢校太師。 王師失利於望都，繼隆累表求詣闕面陳邊事，因乞自效。 俄召還，延見詢訪，因言：「醜類侵擾，蓋亦常事，願委將帥討伐，不煩親征。」 真宗慰諭之，改山南東道節度，判許州。 景德初，明德皇太后不豫，詔入省疾。 九月，復許會葬。 是冬，契丹大入，逾魏郡至河上。 真宗幸澶淵，繼隆表求扈從，命為駕前東西排陣使，先赴澶州，陳師於北城外，毀車為營。 敵數萬騎急攻，繼隆與石保吉率眾禦之，追奔數里。 及上至，幸北門觀兵，召問慰勞，見其所部整肅，歎賞久之。 翌日，幸營中，召從臣飲宴。 二年春，還京，加開府儀同三司、食邑、實封。 詔始下，會疾作，上親臨問。 繼和時為幷、代鈐轄，驛召省視。 卒，年五十六。 車駕臨哭之慟，為制服發哀。 贈中書令，諡忠武。 以其子昭慶為洛苑使，從子昭嗣、昭遜，並為內殿崇班。 又錄其門下二十餘人。 乾興初，詔與李沆，王旦同配享真宗廟庭。
When Zhenzong succeeded he became Zhen'an military commissioner and Honorary Grand Tutor. Within a month he was recalled, made Chief Councilor, and released from military command. In Xianping 2 he mourned his mother and was recalled to service. When floods burst the Cai River he braved danger plugging the breach until noon. In the fourth year he was given Honorary Grand Preceptor. After defeat at Wangdu he repeatedly begged audience and to serve in person. Soon recalled at audience he said barbarian raids were ordinary and urged entrusting generals rather than personal expedition. Zhenzong comforted him and made him Shannan East military commissioner at Xuzhou. Early in Jingde Empress Dowager Mingde was ill and he was ordered to visit. In the ninth month he was permitted to attend the funeral. That winter Khitan raided deeply past Wei to the Yellow River. Zhenzong went to Chanyuan; Jilong asked to escort, was made Front Array Commander, went first to Chanyuan, arrayed troops north of the city, and made camp from carts. Tens of thousands of enemy cavalry attacked; Jilong and Shi Baoji resisted and pursued several li. When the emperor arrived he reviewed troops at the north gate, summoned and comforted Jilong, saw his command orderly, and praised him at length. The next day he visited the camp and feasted his ministers. In the second spring he returned to the capital and was given Grandee of the Palace with fief salary and enfeoffment. The edict had just been issued when he fell ill; the emperor visited him in person. Jihe was then military controller of Bing and Dai and was summoned by express post to visit. He died at fifty-six. The emperor came in person to mourn him bitterly, wore mourning, and grieved. He was posthumously made Grand Preceptor of the Palace Secretariat with the posthumous title Loyal Martial. His son Zhaoqing became Luoyuan Commissioner; his nephews Zhaosi and Zhaoxun became Inner Hall Honored Class. More than twenty household members were also given office. Early in Qianxing he was ordered honored with Li Fang and Wang Dan in Zhenzong's temple.
88
繼隆出貴胄，善騎射，曉音律，感慨自樹，深沉有城府，嚴於御下。 好讀《春秋左氏傳》，喜名譽，賓禮儒士。 在太宗朝，特被親信，每征行，必委以機要。 真宗以元舅之親，不欲煩以軍旅，優遊近藩，恩禮甚篤。 然多智用，能謙謹保身。 明德寢疾，欲面見之，上促其往。 繼隆但詣萬安宮門拜箋，終不入。 又嘗命諸王詣第候謁，繼隆不設湯茗，第假王府從行茶爐烹飲焉。 昭慶改名昭亮，至東上閤門使、高州刺史。
Jilong was of noble birth, skilled at riding, shooting, and music, ambitious and deep-scheming, strict with subordinates. He read the Zuo Commentary, sought reputation, and honored scholar-officials. Under Taizong he was especially trusted with crucial affairs on every campaign. Zhenzong, as maternal uncle, kept him at ease in a nearby command with deep favor. Yet he was resourceful and knew how to preserve himself. When Mingde lay ill she wished to see him; the emperor urged him to go. Jilong only bowed with a written greeting at Wan'an Palace gate and never entered. When princes were ordered to call on him, he set out no tea but borrowed their traveling stove. Zhaoqing renamed Zhaoliang and became Eastern Upper Gate Commissioner and prefect of Gao.
89
子繼和
Son: Jihe
90
繼和，字周叔，少以蔭補供奉官，三遷洛苑使。 淳化後，繼隆多在邊任，繼和常從行，友愛尤至，每令入奏機事。 繼隆罷兵柄，手錄唐李勣遺戒授繼和，曰：「吾門不墜者在爾矣。」
Jihe, styled Zhoushu, entered by privilege as Honored Attendant and rose to Luoyuan Commissioner. After Chunhua Jilong was often on the border; Jihe followed, loved him dearly, and often reported military affairs at court. When Jilong gave up military power he copied Li Ji's deathbed admonition for Jihe: "Our house rests on you."
91
初，繼隆之請城鎮戎軍也，朝廷不果於行。 繼和面奏曰：「平涼舊地，山川阻險，旁扼夷落，為中華襟帶，城之為便。」 太宗乃許焉。 後復不守。 咸平中，繼和又以為言，乃命版築，以繼和知其軍，兼原、渭、儀都巡檢使。 城畢，加領平州刺史。 建議募貧民及弓箭手，墾田積粟，又屢請益兵，朝議未許。 上曰：「苟緩急，部署不為濟師，則或至失援矣。」 命繼和兼涇、原、儀、渭鈐轄。 時繼遷未弭，命張齊賢、梁顥經略，因訪繼和邊事。 繼和上言：
When Jilong first asked to wall Zhenrong army the court did not act. Jihe memorialized: old Pingliang was strategically vital—walling it was wise. Taizong then agreed. Later it was abandoned again. In Xianping Jihe spoke again; they built it and made him commander with inspection of Yuan, Wei, and Yi. When the wall was done he was also made prefect of Ping. He proposed recruiting poor men and archers to farm and store grain and asked for more troops; court refused. The emperor said if urgency came and the deployer failed to reinforce, support could be lost. He ordered Jihe to control Jing, Yuan, Yi, and Wei. With Jiyuan unrest, Zhang Qixian and Liang Hao consulted Jihe on border affairs. Jihe memorialized:
92
「鎮戎軍為涇、原、儀、渭北面扞蔽，又為環、慶、原、渭、儀、秦熟戶所依，正當回鶻、西涼、六穀、吐蕃、咩逋、賤遇、馬臧、梁家諸族之路。 自置軍已來，克張邊備，方於至道中所葺，今已數倍。 誠能常用步騎五千守之，涇、原、渭州苟有緩急，會於此軍，並力戰守，則賊必不敢過此軍； 而緣邊民戶不廢耕織，熟戶老幼有所歸宿。
"Zhenrong army shields Jing, Yuan, Yi, and Wei and shelters settled tribes on routes of Uighurs, Tibet, and many others. Since it was built defenses have multiplied several times over the Zhidao era. Five thousand troops stationed here could unite the circuit in crisis and block the enemy. Border farmers could keep farming and families would have refuge.
93
此軍苟廢，則過此新城，止皆廢壘。 有數路來寇：若自隴山下南去，則由三百堡入儀州製勝關； 自瓦亭路南去，則由彈箏峽入渭州安國鎮； 自清石嶺東南去，則由小盧、大盧、潘穀入潘原縣； 若至潘原而西則入渭州，東則入涇州； 若自東石嶺東公主泉南去，則由東山砦故彭陽城西並入原州； 其餘細路不可盡數。 如以五千步騎，令四州各為備禦，不相會合，則兵勢分而力不足禦矣。 故置此城以扼要路。
"If it is abolished, beyond the new city lie only abandoned walls." "Enemy routes include from Longshan through Three Hundred Forts to Yizhou;" "from Wating through Tanqi Gorge to Weizhou;" "from Qingshi Ridge through Lu and Pan valleys to Panyuan;" "from Panyuan west to Wei, east to Jing;" "from East Stone Ridge and Princess Spring through East Mountain to Yuanzhou;" "countless lesser routes besides." "Dividing five thousand among four prefectures would scatter strength." "Hence this city chokes the crucial routes."
94
即令自靈、環、慶、鄜、延、石、隰、麟、府等州以外河曲之地，皆屬於賊，若更攻陷靈州，西取回鶻，則吐蕃震懼，皆為吞噬，西北邊民，將受驅劫。 若以可惜之地，甘受賊攻，便思委棄，以為良策，是則有盡之地，不能供無已之求也。
"Even if the whole northwest fell, losing Lingzhou would let the enemy swallow Tibet and drive the border people." "To abandon land because the enemy attacks finite ground cannot satisfy endless loss."
95
臣慮議者以調發芻糧擾民為言，則此軍所費，上出四川，地里非遙，輸送甚易。 又劉琮方興屯田，屯田若成，積中有備，則四州稅物，亦不須得。
"Fodder cost is borne by Sichuan and transport is easy." "Liu Cong's colonies may make the four prefectures' taxes unnecessary."
96
況今繼遷強盛，有逾曩日。 從靈州至原、渭、儀州界，次更取棨子山以西接環州山內及平夏，次並黃河以東以南、隴山內外接儀州界，及靈州以北河外。 蕃部約數十萬帳，賊來足以鬥敵，賊遷未盛，不敢深入。 今則靈州北河外，鎮戎軍、環州並北徹靈武、平夏及山外黃河以東族帳，悉為繼遷所吞，縱有一二十族，殘破奔迸，事力十無二三。
"Jiyuan is stronger than before." "From Lingzhou through Yuan, Wei, Yi, Zizi Mountain, the Yellow River bend, and beyond—" "tribes numbered in the hundreds of thousands and once sufficed to fight; when Jiyuan was weak they dared not penetrate." "Now most tribes beyond Lingzhou have been swallowed; survivors are one in ten."
97
自官軍瀚海失利，賊愈猖狂，群蕃震懼，絕無鬥志。 兼以咸平二年棄鎮戎後，繼遷徑來侵掠軍界蕃族，南至渭州安國鎮北一二十里，西至南市界三百餘里，便於蕭關屯聚萬子、米逋、西鼠等三千，以脅原、渭、靈、環熟戶，常時族帳謀歸賊者甚多。 賴聖謨深遠，不惑群議，復置此軍，一年以來，蕃部咸以安集，邊民無復愁苦。 以此較之，則存廢之說，相失萬倍矣。
"Since Hanhai defeat the enemy grows bold and tribes have lost spirit." "Since Zhenrong was abandoned in Xianping 2 Jiyuan raided to Weizhou and stationed thirty thousand at Xiaoguan to coerce tribes." "Thanks to restoring this army, in one year tribes settled and border people were relieved." "Keeping or abolishing differs ten thousandfold."
98
又靈州遠絕，居常非有尺布鬥粟以供王府，今關西老幼，疲苦轉餉，所以不可棄者，誠恐滋大賊勢，使繼遷西取秦、成之群蕃，北掠回鶻之健馬，長驅南牧，何以枝梧。 昨朝廷訪問臣送芻糧道路，臣欲自蕭關至鎮戎城砦，西就胡盧河川運送。 但恐靈州食盡，或至不守，清遠固亦難保，青岡、白馬曷足禦扞，則環州便為極邊。 若賊從蕭關、武延、石門路入鎮戎，縱有五七千兵，亦恐不敵，即回鶻、西涼路亦斷絕。
"Lingzhou is remote yet cannot be abandoned lest Jiyuan seize tribes and horses and drive south unchecked." "I wished to transport from Xiaoguan along the Hulu River." "If Lingzhou's grain fails, Qingyuan and the passes fall and Huanzhou becomes the frontier." "If the enemy enters by Xiaoguan and Shimen, even thousands may not hold and western routes will be cut."
99
伏見咸平三年詔書，緣邊不得出兵生事蕃夷，蓋謂賊如猛獸，不怫其心，必且不動。 臣愚慮此賊他日愈熾，不若聽驍將銳旅屢入其境，彼或聚兵自固，則勿與鬥，妖黨才散，則令掩擊。 如此則王師逸而賊兵勞，賊心內離，然後大舉。
"The Xianping 3 edict forbade provoking tribes lest the enemy, like a beast, be stirred." "Better to raid repeatedly, fight only when they scatter." "Thus our troops rest, theirs labor, then strike in force."
100
及靈州孤壘，戍守最苦，望比他州尤加存恤。 且守邊之臣，內憂家屬之窘匱，外憂奸邪之憎毀。 憂家則思為不廉，憂身則思為退跡，思不廉則官局不治，思退跡則庶事無心，欲其奮不顧身，令出惟行，不可得已。 良由賞未厚、恩未深也。 賞厚則人無顧內之憂，恩深則士有效死之志。 古之帝王皆懸爵賞以拔英俊，卒能成大功。
"Lingzhou's garrison is hardest—I beg extra care." "Border officers fear family want and slander." "Family worry breeds corruption; self worry breeds retreat—heedless courage cannot be expected." "Rewards are not thick nor grace deep." "Thick rewards end inward worry; deep grace wins men who will die." "Ancient emperors hung rank and reward to achieve great merit."
101
大凡君子求名，小人徇利。 臣為兒童時，嘗聞齊州防禦使李漢超守關南，齊州屬州城錢七八萬貫，悉以給與，非次賞賚，動及千萬。 漢超猶私販榷場，規免商算，當時有以此事達於太祖者，即詔漢超私物所在，悉免關征。 故漢超居則營生，戰則誓死，貲產厚則心有所係，必死戰則動有成績。 故畢太祖之世，一方為之安靜。 今如漢超之材固亦不少，苟能用皇祖之遺法，選擇英傑，使守靈武，高官厚賞，不吝先與； 往日，留半奉給其家，半奉資其用，然後可以責潔廉之節，保必勝之功也。
"Gentlemen seek fame, small men profit." "As a child I heard Li Hanchao gave Qizhou's seventy or eighty million strings in pay and huge rewards." "Hanchao even evaded border tax; Taizu waived tax on his private goods." "Hanchao farmed in peace and fought to the death; wealth bound his heart to victory." "Thus Taizu's age knew one region's peace." "Men like Hanchao exist; use the founding method, choose heroes for Lingzhou, reward generously in advance;" "leave half pay for family, half for use, then demand integrity and victory."
102
又戎事內製，或失權宜，漢時渤海盜起，龔遂為太守，尚聽便宜從事。 且渤海，漢之內地，盜賊，國之饑民； 況靈武絕塞，西鄙強戎，又非渤海之比。 苟許其專製，則無失事機，縱有營私冒利，民政不舉，亦乞不問。 用將之術，異於他官，貪勇知愚，無不皆錄，但使法寬而人有所慕，則久居者安心展體，竭材盡慮，何患靈州之不可守哉？
"Central control misses fit; even Gong Sui had discretion against Bohai bandits." "Bohai was inner Han territory and bandits were starving people;" "Lingwu is a remote pass against strong western barbarians—not Bohai." "Grant discretion though they seek profit—do not question." "Using generals differs—record all types, make law broad, and Lingzhou can be held."
103
又朝廷比禁青鹽，甚為允愜。 或聞議者欲開其禁。 且鹽之不入中土，困賊之良策也。 今若謂糧食自蕃界來，雖鹽禁不能困賊，此鬻鹽行賄者之妄談也。 蕃粟不入賊境，而入於邊廩，其利甚明。 況漢地不食青鹽，熟戶亦不入蕃界博易，所禁者非徒糧食也，至於兵甲皮幹之物，其名益多。 以朝廷雄富，猶言摘山煮海，一年商利不入，則或闕軍須。 況蕃戎所賴，止在青鹽，禁之則彼自困矣。 望固守前詔為便。」
"The recent green-salt ban is fitting." "Some wish to open the ban." "Keeping salt from China distresses the enemy." "Saying grain from tribes makes the salt ban useless is bribery talk." "Tribal grain to our granaries, not the enemy's, profits clearly." "We ban more than grain—armor, hides, and more; tribes must not feed the enemy." "Though the court is rich, lost salt profit can cost military needs." "Barbarians rely on green salt; banning it distresses them." "I hope the former edict stands."
104
五年，繼和領兵殺衛埋族於天麻川。 自是壟山外諸族皆恐懼內附，願於要害處置族帳砦柵，以為戍守。 繼和因請移涇原部署於鎮戎，以壯軍勢，又請開道環、延為應援。 真宗以其精心戎事，甚嘉之。 戎人伺警巡馳備，一夕，塞長壕，越古長城抵城下。 繼和與都監史重貴出兵禦之，賊據險再突城隍，列陣接戰，重貴中重創，敗走之，大獲甲騎。 有詔嘉獎，別出良藥、縑帛、牢酒以賜。
In the fifth year Jihe killed the Wei Mai tribe at Tianma valley. Tribes beyond Longshan feared him and asked for garrison stockades. Jihe asked to move the Jingyuan deployer to Zhenrong and open Huan and Yan roads. Zhenzong greatly praised his border devotion. Barbarians watched for lax patrols, filled the moat, crossed the Great Wall, and reached the wall. Jihe and Shi Chonggui fought; Chonggui was wounded; they routed the enemy and took much armor and horses. An edict praised him and sent medicine, silk, wine, and provisions.
105
繼和習武藝，好談方略，頗知書，所至幹治。 然性剛忍，御下少恩，部兵終日擐甲，常如寇至； 及較閱之際，杖罰過當，人多怨焉。 真宗屢加勖勵，且為覆護之。 嘗上言：「保捷軍新到屯所，多亡命者，請優賜緡錢； 苟有亡逸，即按軍法。」 舊制，凡賜軍中，雖緣奏請者，亦以特旨給之。 上以繼和峻酷，欲軍士感其惠，特令以所奏著詔書中而加賜之。 且以計情定罪，自有常制，不許其請。 終以邊防之地，慮人不為用，遣張志言代還。 既即路，軍中皆恐其復來。
Jihe was martial, strategic, literate, and effective in office. Yet he was cruel to subordinates; troops wore armor all day as if under attack; at inspection he punished excessively and bred resentment. Zhenzong encouraged and shielded him. He memorialized that the new Baojie army had many deserters and asked for cash rewards; with desertion punished by military law." By old rule even requested army grants came by special edict. The emperor, finding Jihe harsh, wished soldiers to feel grace and added gifts in the edict per his memorial. Judging guilt by circumstance had fixed rules—his request was denied. Fearing border troops would not serve, Zhang Zhiyan replaced him. On his departure the army feared he would return.
106
六年，又出為幷、代鈐轄。 將行請對，欲領兵去按度邊壘。 上曰：「河東岩險，兵甲甚眾，賊若入寇，但邀其歸路，自可致勝，不必率兵而往也。」
In the sixth year he was again military controller of Bing and Dai. Before leaving he sought audience to lead troops inspecting border works. The emperor said Hedong was rugged and numerous in arms; if invaders came, cut their retreat—no need to lead troops there.
107
景德初，北邊入寇，徙北平砦。 車駕駐澶淵，繼和受詔與魏能、張凝領兵赴趙州躡敵後。 契丹請和，邊民猶未寧，又命副將張凝為緣邊巡檢安撫使。 事平，復還幷、代。 時朝廷每詔書約束邊事，或有當行極斷之語，官吏不詳深意，即處大辟。 繼和言其事，乃詔：「自今有云重斷、極斷、處斬、決配之類，悉須裁奏。」 先是，繼隆卒，繼和恥以遺奏得官。 久之，遷西上閤門使。 未幾，擢殿前都虞候、領端州防禦使。 大中祥符元年卒，年四十六。 贈鎮國軍節度，遣諸王率宗室素服赴吊。 二子早卒。 帝以其族盛大，諸侄皆幼，令三班選使臣為主家事。
Early in Jingde the north was invaded and he was moved to Beiping stockade. At Chanyuan Jihe with Wei Neng and Zhang Ning trailed the enemy toward Zhao. When Khitan sought peace the border was uneasy; he was made deputy border pacification commissioner. When affairs settled he returned to Bing and Dai. Edicts on border affairs sometimes mandated extreme execution; officials imposed capital punishment without understanding. Jihe reported this; an edict required imperial decision for extreme punishments. When Jilong died Jihe was ashamed to gain office from a leftover memorial. After long service he became Western Upper Gate Commissioner. Soon he was Deputy Commander of the Palace Hall Army and Defender of Duan. In Dazhong Xiangfu 1 he died at forty-six. He was posthumously Zhenguo military commissioner; princes led clan mourning in plain dress. Two sons died young. His clan being large and nephews young, the emperor chose an envoy to manage the household.
108
弟繼恂，至洛苑使、順州刺史，贈左神武大將軍。 子昭遜為供備庫使。
Brother Jixun became Luoyuan Commissioner and Shunzhou prefect, posthumously Left Divine Martial Grand General. Son Zhaoxun was Supply Preparation Commissioner.
109
論曰：夫乘風雲之會，依日月之光，感慨發憤，效忠駿奔，居備要任，出握重兵，如是而令名克終，斯固可偉也。 吳廷祚策李筠之破，如目睹其事，誠有將略。 李崇矩秉純厚之德，感史弘肇之恩，保其叛亡之孥，然交鄭伸不知其傾險，坐謫炎海，固無先見之明矣； 其子繼昌，忘父仇以恤伸母之貧，雖非中道，亦人所難。 王仁贍征蜀，殺降附之卒，肆貪矯之行，鬱鬱而斃，自貽伊戚，尚何尤乎？ 楚昭輔當陳橋推戴，太祖遣之入安母后，亦必可託以事者； 及為三司，善於心計，人不可干以私，然終以訐直，取寡信之名，何歟？ 處耘於創業之始，功參締構，克荊山，靖衡、湘，勢如拉枯，而志昧在和，勳業弗究，良可惜也； 幸聯戚畹之貴，秉旄繼世，抑造物之報，嗇此而豐彼歟？
Discussion: Those who seize their age, serve in crisis, hold power and armies, and end with a good name are admirable. Wu Tingzuo foresaw Li Jing's defeat as if he saw it—truly a strategist. Li Chongju was generous and protected Shi Hongzhao's fugitive kin, yet befriending treacherous Zheng Shen he was banished south—he lacked foresight; yet his son Jichang forgot enmity to aid Shen's mother—though not orthodox, it was hard to do. Wang Renshan killed surrendering troops in Shu, grew greedy, and died resentful—he brought it on himself. Chu Zhaofu at Chenqiao was sent to reassure the empress dowager—one who could be trusted; as Three Departments head he was skilled at accounts and incorruptible, yet ended with a name for stinginess—why? Chuyun at the founding helped build the state and swept Jinghu, yet lacked harmony and left merit incomplete—regrettable; yet by imperial marriage his house held command generation after generation—did Heaven spare here to lavish there?