Volume 308 Biographies 67: Shang Guanzheng, Lu Bin, Zhou Shenyu, Pei Ji, Li Jixuan, Zhang Dan, Zhang Xu, Zhang Ji

上官正

Shang Guanzheng

上官正，字常清，開封人。少舉《三傳》，後為鄜州攝官。雍熙中，召授殿前承旨，屢遣鞫獄，遷供奉官、閤門祗候、天雄監軍。淳化中，轉作坊副使、劍門都監。李順之亂，分其黨趨劍門，時疲兵數百人，正奮勵士氣以禦之。會成都監軍宿翰領兵投劍門，與正兵合，因迎擊，大破賊數千眾，斬馘殆盡。奏至，太宗嘉之，詔書獎飭，並賜襲衣、金帶，超正為六宅使、劍州刺史、充劍門部署，翰自供奉官擢崇儀使、領昭州刺史。數月，正被疾，請尋醫，至闕。疾愈，入對，上勞問久之，復遣還任所，賜以金丹、良藥、衣帶、白金千兩、馬三匹，授以方略，令招撫殘孽，慰勉遣之。

Shang Guanzheng, whose courtesy name was Changqing, came from Kaifeng. As a young man he passed the examinations in the Three Commentaries; he later served as an acting official in Fuzhou. During the Yongxi reign he was called to court and made Palace Front Commissioner. Sent repeatedly to try criminal cases, he rose to Presentation Officer, Gate Attendant, and military supervisor at Tianxiong. In the Chunhua period he became Deputy Commissioner of the Workshops and superintendent of Jianmen Pass. During Li Shun's rebellion, part of his force marched on Jianmen Pass. Zheng had only a few hundred exhausted soldiers, yet he stirred their spirits and held the pass. Su Han, the army supervisor at Chengdu, then brought his troops to Jianmen and united with Zheng. They counterattacked and smashed a rebel force of several thousand, slaughtering almost the entire host. When the report reached court, Emperor Taizong praised them both. An edict commended their service and rewarded them with court robes and gold belts. Zheng was promoted out of turn to Commissioner of the Six Residences, made prefect of Jianzhou, and placed in command at Jianmen; Han was raised from Presentation Officer to Commissioner of Ceremonial Rites and appointed prefect of Zhaozhou. A few months later Zheng fell ill and asked permission to seek treatment at court. After he recovered he was received in audience. The emperor questioned him at length and sent him back to his post, granting elixir pills, fine medicines, robes, a belt, a thousand taels of silver, and three horses. He also gave him a strategy for winning over the remaining rebels and dismissed him with words of encouragement.

初，川賊甚盛，朝議深以棧路為憂，正以孤軍力戰挫賊鋒，自是閣道無壅，王師得以長驅而入。賊眾三百餘，敗歸成都，順怒其驚眾，盡斬之，然自此沮氣矣。後賊既誅，餘寇匿山谷，恃險結集，剽劫為患。王繼恩百計召誘不至，正諭以朝廷恩信，皆相率出降。未幾，加峰州團練使，與雷有終並為西川招安使，代王繼恩。

At first the Sichuan rebels were formidable, and the court feared greatly for the plank-road supply line. Zheng fought on alone and blunted their advance, after which the mountain passes lay open and the imperial army could drive deep into the province. More than three hundred defeated rebels fled back to Chengdu. Li Shun, furious that they had spread panic in his ranks, had them all executed, and from that moment his followers lost heart. After the main rebels were destroyed, remnants hid in the mountains, rallied in defensible terrain, and plagued the countryside with raids. Wang Jien tried every means to lure them out, without success. Zheng appealed to them with the court's grace and trustworthiness, and they came out to surrender one after another. Soon he was made Militia Commissioner of Fengzhou and, together with Lei Youzhong, appointed Pacification Commissioner of Western Sichuan in Wang Jien's place.

正木強好淩人，自謂平賊有勞，受人主知，無所顧忌。數面攻兩川官吏之短而暴揚之，眾積怨怒，多上章訴其不法者。太宗謂近臣曰：「人臣可任用者，朕常欲保全。正婞直而失於謙和，每謗書至，朕雖力與明辯，然眾怒難犯，恐其不能自全。」乃賜手劄戒諭曰：「言者，君子之樞機，樞機之發，榮辱之主，不可不慎也。夫遇事輒發，悔不可及。儻自恃無瑕，而好面攻人之短，豈謂喜怒不形於色耶？當以和輯遠民為念，斯盡善矣。」正上表謝。

Zheng was stubborn and overbearing. He believed his service in suppressing the rebellion had won him the emperor's favor, and he acted without restraint. He repeatedly confronted officials of the two Sichuan circuits with their faults and exposed them publicly. Resentment mounted, and many submitted memorials accusing him of misconduct. Taizong told his close advisers, "When I find a minister I can use, I always try to protect him. Zheng is upright but lacks humility. Each time a denunciation reaches me I do my best to defend him, yet popular anger is not easily defied, and I fear he may not be able to save himself." He then sent a personal letter of admonition: "Speech is the pivot on which a gentleman turns; when that pivot moves, honor and disgrace follow. You must be careful. To speak out on every passing matter is to invite regret that cannot be undone. If you trust in your own blamelessness and delight in confronting others with their faults, is that what it means to keep joy and anger from showing on one's face? Keep in mind the need to win over and reassure the people of the frontier regions; that will be best of all." Zheng submitted a memorial of thanks.

真宗即位，改莊宅使。是秋，廣武叛卒劉於嘯聚數千輩，逐都巡檢使韓景祐，略漢蜀邛州、懷安永康軍。正與鈐轄馬知節領兵趨新津，抵方井，擊敗之，斬於，平其黨。遷南作坊使，賜錦袍、金帶。咸平初，召還，擢拜東上閤門使、勾當軍頭引見司，俄權戶部使。二年，出知滄州，徙高陽關副都部署，真拜洺州團練使。車駕北巡，以為行營先鋒鈐轄。

When Emperor Zhenzong came to the throne, Zheng was made Commissioner of Imperial Estates. That autumn Liu Yu, a mutineer from Guangwu, rallied several thousand men, expelled Chief Inspector Han Jingyou, and overran Qiongzhou, Huai'an, and Yongkang Army in the Han-Shu region. Zheng and Commissioner Ma Zhijie led troops to Xinjin, reached Fangjing, routed the rebels, beheaded Liu Yu, and crushed his followers. He was made Commissioner of the Southern Workshops and rewarded with a brocade robe and a gold belt. Early in the Xianping reign he was recalled and promoted to Eastern Upper Gate Commissioner, placed in charge of the Army Head Reception Office, and soon made acting Commissioner of the Household Bureau. In the second year he was sent out as prefect of Cangzhou, transferred to deputy commander at Gaoyang Pass, and formally appointed Militia Commissioner of Mingzhou. When the emperor toured the north, he was made vanguard commissioner of the field headquarters.

尋知青州，未行，會王均叛蜀，命為峽路都鈐轄，移知梓州。又歷滄、瀛、鎮、貝四州，高陽關部署。以足疾，求知磁州，手詔慰勉。會邢州地震，民居不安，徙正典之。移潞州。景德中，以河北新經兵革，慎擇守臣，以正知貝州，遷洺州防禦使，復知滄州，移同州。再表引年，授左龍武軍大將軍、平州防禦使，分司西京。尋以本官致仕，賜全俸，仍以見緡給之。四年，卒，年七十五。子璨至內殿崇班。

He was soon appointed prefect of Qingzhou, but before he could take up the post Wang Jun rebelled in Shu. He was made Chief Commissioner of the Gorges Route and transferred to prefect of Zizhou. He later served in turn as prefect of Cang, Ying, Zhen, and Bei, and as commander at Gaoyang Pass. Afflicted with foot trouble, he asked to be sent to Cizhou. The emperor answered with a personal letter of encouragement. When an earthquake unsettled the people of Xingzhou, Zheng was transferred there to govern the prefecture. He was then transferred to Luzhou. During the Jingde reign, with Hebei still recovering from war, the court chose its frontier governors carefully. Zheng was made prefect of Beizhou, promoted to Defender of Mingzhou, returned to Cangzhou, and then sent to Tongzhou. He petitioned again to retire on account of age and was made General of the Left Dragon Martial Army and Defender of Pingzhou, with duties at the Western Capital. He soon retired at his existing rank, was granted full salary, and continued to receive cash stipends as well. In the fourth year he died at the age of seventy-five. His son Can rose to Inner Hall Attendant of the Honored Class.

端拱中，又為永舉軍、華州巡檢。時大賊侯和尚、劉渥劫興平、櫟陽，殺捕賊官二人。斌率兵掩襲，且追且鬥，薄南山，渡渭水，抵鳳翔，復至耀州，擒斬並盡。以勞，改供奉官。召還，面加獎慰，授閤門祗候，又賜白金、緡錢、衣帶。尋為梓、遂十二州都巡檢使，太宗諭之曰：「川陝人情易搖，設有寇攘，雖他境亦當襲逐，仍許便宜從事，不須中覆。」淳化二年，賊任誘等寇昌、合州。斌率兵頓昌州南牛鬥山，偵知賊在龍水鎮，值大雨，斌馳馬四十里，騎從數十人，遂斬誘等百餘級，賊眾悉平。

During the Duangong reign he again served as inspector of Yongju Army and Huazhou. At that time the major bandits Hou Heshang and Liu Wo raided Xingping and Liyang and killed two officers charged with suppressing banditry. Bin led a surprise attack, fighting as he pursued the bandits to South Mountain, crossed the Wei River, reached Fengxiang, then pressed on to Yaozhou and captured and killed them to the last man. For his service he was promoted to Presentation Officer. Recalled to court, he was commended in person and made Gate Attendant. He was also given silver, cash, and robes with a belt. He was soon made Chief Inspector of the twelve prefectures of Zi and Sui. Taizong told him, "The people of Sichuan and Shaanxi are easily stirred up. If bandits appear, pursue them even beyond your jurisdiction, and act at your own discretion without waiting for approval from court." In the second year of Chunhua the bandits Ren You and others raided Chang and He prefectures. Bin encamped his troops at Ox-Fight Mountain south of Changzhou. Scouts reported that the bandits were at Longshui Town. Despite heavy rain, Bin galloped forty li with only a few dozen horsemen, killed more than a hundred men including Ren You, and crushed the entire band.

三年，富順監蠻掠榮州，斌晨夜倍道以赴，得州兵千人，署隨軍糧料以張其勢。蠻乃遁，追至地頭鎮東南八十里，樹柵，招其酋甫羌一阿奴綱，諭以朝旨，歃血刻石為盟而遣之。俄而榮、戎、資州、富順監賊十五隊鈔鄉邑，斌擒三百人，部送闕下，餘悉臨敵斬戮。

In the third year the tribes of Fushun Supervisorate raided Rongzhou. Bin marched day and night at forced pace, gathered a thousand local troops, and appointed an army provisioner to strengthen his position. The tribesmen fled. Bin pursued them eighty li southeast of Ditou Town, built a stockade, and summoned their chieftain Fuqiang Yi Anu Gang. After instructing him in the court's decree, he sent him away with a blood-oath alliance recorded on stone. Soon fifteen rebel bands from Rong, Rong, Zi, and Fushun Supervisorate were raiding the countryside. Bin captured three hundred men and sent them to court; the rest he killed in battle.

四年，賊王盡復起榮、資，斌擊滅之，盡縛以獻。遷內殿崇班。是冬，李順為亂，斌即率兵六百抵成都，鬥戰連月，殺數萬人。明年，成都不守，斌還梓州，集十州兵赴援，知州張雍委以監護之任。會江水泛溢，毀子城。斌勸諭州民，翌日，畚鍤大集，自城西大濠中掘塹深丈，決西河水，注之以環城。二月，賊渠相里貴眾二十一萬傅城下，城中兵裁三千。斌曰：「軍法倍兵不戰，然狂醜烏合，非訓練之師，以吾仗天子威靈，必可殲蕩。」即感厲士伍，負土塞南北門，為固守之計。又突出與賊戰，擊刺三十餘合，賊稍卻。俄復大設機石、連弩、衝車、雲梯，四面鼓噪乘城，矢石亂下，斌與州將隨機設備。長圍八十日，會王繼恩令石知顒率兵來援，斌出東門迎勞王師，賊不戰而潰。斌乘勝追斬及納降二萬餘。五月，賊數萬圍閬州，斌領千兵赴之，斬首五千，圍遂解。又至蓬州老鴉山，賊眾三千為陣拒斌，斌擊敗之，至城下，賊復大集，斬三千級。蓬州平，斌傳詔安撫蓬、閬、渠、達四州，擢授西京作坊使，領成州刺史。

In the fourth year the bandit Wang Jin rebelled again in Rong and Zi. Bin destroyed him, bound him, and sent him to court as a captive. He was promoted to Inner Hall Attendant of the Honored Class. That winter, when Li Shun rebelled, Bin led six hundred men straight to Chengdu and fought for months, killing tens of thousands. The following year, when Chengdu fell, Bin withdrew to Zizhou, rallied troops from ten prefectures, and was entrusted by Prefect Zhang Yong with command of the city's defense. The river then flooded and destroyed the inner city. Bin rallied the townspeople. The next day laborers gathered in force, dug a trench a zhang deep from the great moat west of the city, diverted the western river, and flooded the ground around the walls. In the second month the rebel leader Xiangli Gui brought two hundred ten thousand men against the walls, while the garrison had only three thousand soldiers. Bin said, "Military law forbids fighting when the enemy outnumbers you two to one, but this rabble is undisciplined and wild. With the Son of Heaven's authority behind us, we can surely crush them." He roused his men, had them carry earth to block the north and south gates, and prepared for a stubborn defense. He then led a sortie and fought more than thirty rounds of close combat before the rebels began to fall back. The rebels soon brought up catapults, repeating crossbows, battering rams, and scaling ladders, attacked from all sides with drums and war cries, and rained arrows and stones on the walls. Bin and the local commanders improvised their defenses as the situation demanded. The siege lasted eighty days. Wang Jien then sent Shi Zhiyong with reinforcements. Bin went out the east gate to welcome the imperial troops, and the rebels broke without a fight. Bin pressed the advantage, killing rebels and accepting the surrender of more than twenty thousand men. In the fifth month tens of thousands of rebels besieged Langzhou. Bin marched with a thousand men, killed five thousand, and lifted the siege. He then went to Old Crow Mountain in Pengzhou, where three thousand rebels formed a line to block him. Bin defeated them, pursued to the city walls, and when the enemy rallied again he killed three thousand men. After Pengzhou was pacified, Bin carried out an edict to reassure the four prefectures of Peng, Lang, Qu, and Da. He was promoted to Commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops and made prefect of Chengzhou.

斌在川峽六年，以孤軍禦寇，累立戰功，表求入奏。太宗遣使諭之曰：「俟妖孽盡殄，當召汝。」既而賊黨集梓、綿、漢三州境上，斌往平之。未幾，代還，太宗親加勞問。拜東上閤門使、檢校左僕射，加食邑三百戶，賜白金千兩、袍笏、金帶。上言：「葭萌路出師討賊，可直入利州。若寇焚棧道，劍門之險不足固也，請置砦柵。」從之。

Bin spent six years in the Sichuan gorges fighting bandits with isolated forces and winning repeated victories. He petitioned to report in person at court. Taizong sent word: "When the rebels are utterly destroyed, I shall summon you." Soon rebel bands gathered on the borders of Zi, Mian, and Han, and Bin went to suppress them. Before long he was relieved and recalled. Taizong received him in person and praised his service. He was made Eastern Upper Gate Commissioner and Acting Left Vice Director of the Imperial Secretariat, granted three hundred additional households in his fief, and rewarded with a thousand taels of silver, court robes, a tablet, and a gold belt. He memorialized the throne: "If troops march against rebels by the Jiameng route, they can enter Lizhou directly. If the enemy burns the plank road, Jianmen Pass alone will not hold. I ask that stockades and palisades be built along the route." The court approved his request.

尋命為銀、夏兵馬鈐轄，遣與李繼隆等五路出師討李繼遷。斌求對，懇言曰：「羌夷之族，馬驕兵悍，往來無定，敗則走他境，疾戰沙漠，非天兵所利。不若堅保靈州，於內地多積芻糧，以師援送。苟其至也，會兵首尾擊之，庶幾無枉費，而不失固圉之策矣。」時業已出師，不從其議。改授靈環路鈐轄，領兵二萬為前鋒，令於烏、白池與諸軍會。斌謂李繼隆曰：「靈州抵烏、白池，月餘方至。若自環州橐駝路，裁十日程。」即不俟詔而往，與諸將失期，不見賊而還。俄徙屯寧州，以疾召歸，勾當軍頭引見司。咸平初，卒，年五十。子文質殿中丞。

He was soon appointed Military Commissioner of Yin and Xia and sent with Li Jilong and others on five columns to campaign against Li Jiqian. Bin sought an audience and urged earnestly, "The Qiang and tribal peoples ride swift horses and fight fiercely. They move without pattern, and when defeated flee into other territories. Rapid battle in the desert does not favor the imperial army. It would be better to hold Lingzhou firmly, stockpile fodder and grain in the interior, and send relief columns to sustain it. When the enemy comes, strike them from front and rear with combined forces. That way effort will not be wasted and the frontier will still be secured." By then the army had already marched, and the court did not accept his advice. He was reassigned as Commissioner of the Ling-Huan Circuit, given twenty thousand men as vanguard, and ordered to join the other armies at the Black and White Pools. Bin told Li Jilong, "From Lingzhou to the Black and White Pools takes more than a month. By the camel route from Huanzhou it is only ten days." Without waiting for orders he set out, missed the rendezvous with the other commanders, found no enemy, and returned. He was soon transferred to garrison Ningzhou, then recalled on account of illness and placed in charge of the Army Head Reception Office. Early in the Xianping reign he died at the age of fifty. His son Wenzhi became Palace Secretariat Attendant.

周審玉

Zhou Shenyu

周審玉，開封人。父勳，以親校事唐明宗，累立戰功，太平興國中，至隰州團練使。周顯德初，審玉蔭補殿直，從世宗平瓦橋關，甚見親信。太祖受禪，為供奉官，未幾，加閤門祗候。累遷崇儀、洛苑副使，西京作坊使。雍熙中，契丹犯塞，潘美屯師定州，審玉為監軍。嘗與敵戰，而先鋒劉緒陷賊，審玉躍馬趣擊，拔緒而還，以勇敢聞。

Zhou Shenyu came from Kaifeng. His father Xun had served Emperor Mingzong of Tang as a personal guard, won repeated victories in battle, and during Taiping Xingguo rose to Militia Commissioner of Xizhou. At the beginning of the Zhou Xiande reign, Shenyu entered service by hereditary privilege as Palace Attendant, followed Emperor Shizong in pacifying Waqiao Pass, and won his close trust. When Taizu took the throne, Shenyu became Presentation Officer and soon Gate Attendant. He rose in turn to Ceremonial Rites Commissioner, Deputy Commissioner of the Luoyang Park, and Commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops. During the Yongxi reign, when the Khitan raided the frontier, Pan Mei stationed his army at Dingzhou and Shenyu served as army supervisor. In one battle the vanguard Liu Xu was trapped by the enemy. Shenyu spurred his horse forward, rescued Xu, and became renowned for his courage.

淳化中，知貝州。有驍捷卒戍州者三十七人，同謀殺審玉，劫庫兵而叛，推虞候趙咸雍為首。審玉覺之，與轉運使王嗣宗率兵悉擒其黨，斬十五級，磔咸雍於市。先是，咸雍父鏻，晉天福中，嘗誘契丹屠州城。至是五十年，而其子戮於都市，舊老猶記其事，咸異之。審玉以功領順州刺史。

During the Chunhua reign he was made prefect of Beizhou. Thirty-seven Swift-and-Bold soldiers garrisoned at the prefecture plotted to kill Shenyu, seize arms from the arsenal, and rebel, making Assistant Commander Zhao Xianyong their leader. Shenyu discovered the plot. With Transport Commissioner Wang Sizong he led troops, captured the entire conspiracy, executed fifteen men, and dismembered Xianyong in the marketplace. Earlier, Xianyong's father Lin had, during the Jin Tianfu era, induced the Khitan to massacre the people of the prefectural city. Fifty years had passed, yet now the son was executed in the capital. Old residents still remembered what his father had done, and everyone found the turn of fate remarkable. For his service he was made prefect of Shunzhou.

至道初，徙幷州鈐轄。咸平初，知鳳翔府。有桑門乘傳而西，以市木為名，威動府縣。審玉曰：「此有所倚而為也。」因按詰之，盡得其奸狀，杖其背，械送闕下。以目疾，代還，奉朝請，俄丁內艱。既而謂親友曰：「僕齒髮遲暮，而未能辭祿仕者，良以慰母心爾，今可行其志矣。」乃拜章請老，得千牛衛大將軍致仕。三年，卒，年七十四。審玉晚年，好讀《神農本草》，留意方術。少長兵間，習知攻守之法。真宗嘗召至便坐，示以攻戰器。方奏對，疾作，詔遣使就第，賜白金慰恤之。子允迪，為虞部員外郎。

At the beginning of the Zhidao reign he was transferred to Commissioner of Bingzhou. Early in the Xianping reign he was made administrator of Fengxiang Prefecture. A Buddhist monk traveled west on imperial relay horses, claiming to be buying timber, and his authority intimidated prefectural and county officials. Shenyu said, "He must have powerful backing behind him." He investigated and interrogated the monk, uncovered the full extent of his misconduct, had him flogged, and sent him to court in chains. Afflicted with eye trouble, he was relieved and recalled to serve as Court Attendant, and soon afterward went into mourning for his mother. He later told relatives and friends, "I am already old, yet I have stayed in office only to comfort my mother. Now I may do as I wish." He submitted a memorial requesting retirement and was granted retirement as General of the Thousand-Ox Guard. In the third year he died at the age of seventy-four. In his later years Shenyu delighted in reading the Divine Farmer's Materia Medica and took an interest in medicine. Raised from youth amid armies, he was well versed in attack and defense. Emperor Zhenzong once summoned him to an informal audience and showed him weapons of war. While he was answering at audience his illness struck. The emperor sent an envoy to his home and granted silver to comfort him. His son Yundi became Outer Gentleman of the Works Bureau.

太平興國末，江表盜起，命為巡檢，遷崇儀副使。召還，遷崇儀使。監戍兵於威虜軍，塗次鎮州，夜有賊騎扣城門，大呼曰：「官軍至矣。」州將然之，促守吏開關，濟遽止之曰：「此必妄也。」及旦，果有敵兵遁去。太宗嘉之，遷西上閤門使、定州都監，就加行營鈐轄，尋知定州。契丹三萬騎來攻，濟逆擊於徐河，斬數千級，獲牛馬、鎧仗甚眾。

At the end of the Taiping Xingguo era, when bandits rose south of the Yangzi, he was made Inspector and promoted to Deputy Ceremonial Rites Commissioner. Recalled to court, he was promoted to Ceremonial Rites Commissioner. While supervising garrison troops at Weilu Army, he passed through Zhenzhou. At night rebel horsemen knocked on the city gate and shouted, "The imperial army has arrived!" The prefectural commander believed them and ordered the gates opened. Ji stopped them at once. "This must be a ruse," he said. At dawn enemy troops were indeed seen fleeing. Taizong praised him and made him Western Upper Gate Commissioner and Chief Supervisor of Dingzhou, with additional rank as Field Headquarters Commissioner; he soon became prefect of Dingzhou. When thirty thousand Khitan horsemen attacked, Ji counterattacked at the Xu River, killed several thousand, and captured large numbers of cattle, horses, arms, and armor.

淳化初，與周瑩同判四方館，未幾，為鎮州行營鈐轄。又與李繼隆擊賊於唐河，濟短兵陷陣，賊大敗走，優詔褒美。初，繼隆以濟性剛，不悅之；及是役，撫濟恨相知之晚。改四方館使，復知定州，徙天雄軍鈐轄。遷客省使，復知定州。至道二年，改內客省使、知鎮州。立春日，出土牛以祭，酌奠始畢，有卒挾牛去。濟察其舉止，知欲為變，亟命擒之，果有竊發者數十人，已劫鄽間矣，悉蒐捕腰斬之，軍民肅然。濟在鎮、定凡十五年，威績甚著。召還，知天雄軍。

Early in the Chunhua reign he served with Zhou Ying as Associate Director of the Four Directions Hall, and soon became Field Headquarters Commissioner of Zhenzhou. He again joined Li Jilong in attacking bandits on the Tang River. Ji fought at close quarters in the enemy line, routed the rebels, and received a special edict of praise. At first Li Jilong disliked Ji because of his stubborn temperament; but after this campaign he embraced Ji and regretted that they had not become friends sooner. He was made Commissioner of the Four Directions Hall, again appointed prefect of Dingzhou, and then transferred to Commissioner of the Tianxiong Army. He was promoted to Commissioner of the Guest Bureau and again made prefect of Dingzhou. In the second year of Zhidao he was made Commissioner of the Inner Guest Bureau and administrator of Zhenzhou. On the first day of spring, when the clay ox was brought out for the rite, a soldier seized it and carried it off just as the libation ended. Ji observed the man's conduct, saw that a mutiny was planned, and had him seized at once. Several dozen conspirators who had already raided the market were hunted down and executed by waist-slicing, and order was restored among soldiers and civilians alike. Ji spent fifteen years in all at Zhen and Ding, where his authority and achievements were conspicuous. Recalled to court, he was made administrator of the Tianxiong Army.

咸平初，李繼遷叛，以濟領順州團練使、知靈州兼都部署。至州二年，謀緝八鎮，興屯田之利，民甚賴之。其年，清遠軍陷，夏人大集，斷餉道，孤軍絕援，濟刺指血染奏，求救甚急，兵不至，城陷，死之。上聞嗟悼，特贈鎮江軍節度。三子並優進秩。濟在諸使中甚有聲望，及沒，夏人皆惜之。景德中，濟妻永泰郡君景氏卒，特詔追封平陽郡夫人，諸子給奉終喪。

Early in the Xianping reign, when Li Jiqian rebelled, Ji was made Militia Commissioner of Shunzhou, prefect of Lingzhou, and Chief Commander. Within two years he planned to secure the eight frontier garrisons and develop military colonies, and the people came to rely on him greatly. That year Qingyuan Army fell. The Tangut forces gathered in strength, cut his supply lines, and left his isolated garrison without relief. Ji pricked his finger and wrote a blood-stained memorial begging urgently for help. No troops came. The city fell, and he died. When the emperor heard the news he mourned him and posthumously granted him the rank of Military Commissioner of Zhenjiang. All three of his sons were given preferential advancement in rank. Ji enjoyed great standing among the frontier commissioners, and when he died even the Tanguts mourned him. During the Jingde reign Ji's wife, Lady Jing of Yongtai Commandery, died. A special edict posthumously enfeoffed her as Lady of Pingyang Commandery, and his sons were granted stipends through the mourning period.

子德谷虞部郎中，德基至如京使，德豐殿中丞。濟兄麗澤、弟麗正，並進士及第。麗澤至右補闕，麗正至金部員外郎。麗正子德輿，為殿中丞。

His son Degu became Director of the Works Bureau; Deji rose to Commissioner for the Capital; Defeng became Palace Secretariat Attendant. Ji's elder brother Lize and younger brother Lizheng both passed the metropolitan examination. Lize rose to Right Remonstrator; Lizheng rose to Outer Gentleman of the Revenue Bureau. Lizheng's son Deyu became Palace Secretariat Attendant.

李繼宣

Li Jixuan

李繼宣，開封浚儀人。乾德中，補右班殿直，令與御帶更直，裁十七歲。嘗命往陝州捕虎，殺二十餘，生致二虎、一豹以獻。太平興國初，掌南作坊使，改供奉官，出為邠、寧、慶三州巡檢、都監。繼宣本名繼隆，與明德皇后兄同姓名。至是，太宗為改焉。

Li Jixuan came from Junyi in Kaifeng. During the Qiande reign he entered service as Right Class Palace Attendant and was assigned to rotate guard duty with the Imperial Belt Guard at the age of only seventeen. He was once sent to Shaanzhou to hunt tigers, killed more than twenty, and presented two live tigers and a leopard to the throne. Early in the Taiping Xingguo era he managed the Southern Workshops, became Presentation Officer, and was sent out as Inspector and Chief Supervisor of Bin, Ning, and Qing. Jixuan's original name was Jilong, the same as that of Empress Mingde's elder brother. Taizong then changed his name.

五年，召還，承受定州路奏事。奉詔修長城口、平塞威虜靜戎軍、保州，又領兵入敵境，獲老幼千餘，牛畜數百。又率兵捍契丹於乾寧泥姑海口。契丹寇靜戎軍，從崔彥進過拒馬河接戰，自午至申，大敗之。又為貝州監軍。

In the fifth year he was recalled to receive memorials from the Dingzhou circuit. By imperial order he repaired the Great Wall Pass, Ping Fort, Weilu Army, Jingrong Army, and Baozhou. He also led troops into enemy territory and captured more than a thousand civilians and several hundred head of cattle. He again led troops to resist the Khitan at the mouth of the Nigu River in Qianning. When the Khitan attacked Jingrong Army he followed Cui Yanjin across the Juma River and fought from midday to late afternoon, routing them completely. He again served as army supervisor at Beizhou.

雍熙三年，曹彬北征，繼宣從先鋒李繼隆至方城，力戰三日，大軍繼至，遂克固州。進壁涿州東，又與敵鬥，乘勝攻北門，克之。日領輕騎度涿河，覘敵勢，又將五千騎援米信，因率勁騎追至新城北，大敗之，斬其酋賀恩相公，繼宣亦中流矢。大軍還雄州取芻糧，遇契丹新城，疾戰至暮，繼宣中十創，劍及兜鍪。明日復戰，繼隆為敵所邀，繼宣以所部拔之，且戰且行，奪涿河，數日，乃至涿州。及棄州保歧溝關，又戰拒馬上，追奔至孤山，契丹乃引去。留屯滿城，俄還貝州。召入，以功超授崇儀使，代王繼恩為易州駐泊都監，賜錢五十萬，白金五百兩。又領騎兵五千戍北平，押大陣東偏，受田重進節度，屯長城口。敵至大溝，繼宣進滿城。敵至定州，奪唐河橋，重進召繼宣洎田紹斌赴援，紹斌為敵所敗，繼宣獨按部轉鬥入定州。敵兵北去，重進命將五千騎躡其後，抵拒馬河。及敵據楊疃，繼宣徑掩擊之，遂焚廬舍而遁。

In the third year of Yongxi, during Cao Bin's northern campaign, Jixuan followed the vanguard Li Jilong to Fangcheng and fought fiercely for three days until the main army arrived and Guzhou was taken. He advanced and encamped east of Zhuozhou, fought the enemy again, and pressing his advantage stormed and captured the north gate. By day he led light cavalry across the Zhuo River to scout the enemy, then took five thousand horsemen to reinforce Mi Xin. He pursued with crack cavalry to north of Xincheng, routed the enemy, and beheaded their chieftain Chief He'en. Jixuan himself was struck by an arrow. When the main army returned to Xiongzhou for fodder, it met the Khitan at Xincheng and fought until evening. Jixuan suffered ten wounds, and enemy swords struck his helmet. The next day they fought again. Li Jilong was cut off by the enemy, and Jixuan fought his way through with his own troops, recovered the Zhuo River crossing, and reached Zhuozhou after several days. When the army abandoned Zhuozhou and held Qigou Pass, they fought again on the Juma River, pursued the fleeing Khitan to Gushan, and the enemy withdrew. He remained garrisoned at Mancheng, then soon returned to Beizhou. Summoned to court, he was promoted out of turn to Ceremonial Rites Commissioner and replaced Wang Jien as Garrison Chief Supervisor of Yizhou. He was rewarded with five hundred thousand cash and five hundred taels of silver. He again led five thousand cavalry to garrison Beiping, commanded the eastern wing of the main army under Tian Zhongjin, and encamped at the Great Wall Pass. When the enemy reached Dagou, Jixuan advanced to Mancheng. When the enemy reached Dingzhou and seized the Tang River bridge, Tian Zhongjin summoned Jixuan and Tian Shaobin to the rescue. Shaobin was defeated, but Jixuan fought his way alone into Dingzhou. As the enemy withdrew north, Tian Zhongjin sent a general with five thousand horsemen in pursuit as far as the Juma River. When the enemy occupied Yangtuan, Jixuan attacked by surprise and drove them off after they burned their camps.

雍熙四年，為高陽關行營都監。端拱初，契丹騎至瀛、鎮，繼宣率步騎萬人入敵境，抵勝務，焚聚落，獲生口，契丹乃引還。時易州候騎不至，繼宣於易州、平塞軍、長城口、威虜靜戎順安軍至高陽，為望櫓七所，舉烽以候警急。二年，為鎮、定、高陽關三路排陣都監，押大陣西偏。與李繼隆部芻糧抵威虜，還度徐河，為敵追襲。繼宣駐軍與鬥，殺獲甚眾。又領騎二千，敗契丹於保州西射城，追薄西山，有詔褒美。

In the fourth year of Yongxi he was made Field Headquarters Chief Supervisor of Gaoyang Pass. Early in the Duangong reign, when Khitan horsemen reached Ying and Zhen, Jixuan led ten thousand infantry and cavalry into enemy territory to Shengwu, burned settlements, took prisoners, and the Khitan withdrew. When scout horsemen from Yizhou failed to appear, Jixuan built seven watch towers from Yizhou through Ping Fort, the Great Wall Pass, Weilu Army, Jingrong Army, and Shun'an Army to Gaoyang, and lit beacon fires to warn of attack. In the second year he was made Battle-Array Chief Supervisor of the Zhen, Ding, and Gaoyang Pass routes, commanding the western wing of the main army. With Li Jilong he escorted fodder to Weilu Army, and on the return march across the Xu River they were pursued by the enemy. Jixuan halted and fought, killing and capturing a great many. He again led two thousand horsemen, defeated the Khitan at Shecheng west of Baozhou, pursued them to West Mountain, and received an edict of praise.

淳化三年，徙知保州，又轉莊宅使。築關城，浚外濠，葺營舍千五百區；造船二百艘，入雞距泉以運糧，人咸便之。數月，徙定州行營都監，戍深州，改高陽關行營都監。課軍中勁弩，為入陣之備。五年，領高州刺史。會契丹泛海劫千乘縣，繼宣請於海口置砦以禦之。

In the third year of Chunhua he was transferred to administrator of Baozhou and then made Commissioner of Imperial Estates. He built the pass city, dredged the outer moat, and repaired fifteen hundred barracks. He built two hundred boats and used the Jiju Spring to transport grain, to the great convenience of the people. Several months later he became Field Headquarters Chief Supervisor of Dingzhou, garrisoned Shenzhou, and was then made Field Headquarters Chief Supervisor of Gaoyang Pass. He trained the army in powerful crossbows in preparation for battle. In the fifth year he was made prefect of Gaozhou. When the Khitan raided Qiansheng County by sea, Jixuan asked that a fort be built at the estuary to defend against them.

至道三年，遷北作坊使，俄召還，加南作坊使，出為鎮州行營鈐轄。契丹寇定州，命主無地分馬。敵至懷德橋，繼宣領兵三千掩襲之。至則契丹已壞橋，繼宣橫木而度，追奔五十餘里。契丹焚鎮州中渡、常山二橋，繼宣領兵趣之，契丹保豐隆山砦，繼宣伐木治常山橋，契丹聞之，大懼，拔砦遁走。

In the third year of Zhidao he was made Commissioner of the Northern Workshops, soon recalled and also made Commissioner of the Southern Workshops, then sent out as Field Headquarters Commissioner of Zhenzhou. When the Khitan attacked Dingzhou, he was ordered to take command of unassigned cavalry. When the enemy reached Huaide Bridge, Jixuan led three thousand men in a surprise attack. When he arrived the Khitan had already destroyed the bridge. Jixuan laid timbers across and crossed, then pursued the enemy for more than fifty li. The Khitan burned the Zhongdu and Changshan bridges at Zhenzhou. Jixuan marched to meet them while the Khitan held Fenglong Mountain fort. He felled timber to repair the Changshan bridge, and when the Khitan heard of this they abandoned their fort and fled in alarm.

繼宣銳於追襲，傅潛為部署，繼宣詣潛請行，頗為所抑。及召潛屬吏，詔繼宣與高瓊同主軍事，逐敵越拒馬河，復為鎮州鈐轄。受詔按視緣邊城砦，權知威虜軍，敵騎至城下，屢出兵設伏，斬獲甚眾。俄還鎮州。

Jixuan was eager to pursue, but Commander Fu Qian held him back when he asked permission to advance. When Fu Qian was summoned to answer for his conduct, an edict put Jixuan and Gao Qiong jointly in command, ordered them to drive the enemy beyond the Juma River, and restored Jixuan as Commissioner of Zhenzhou. By imperial order he inspected the frontier forts and stockades and acted as administrator of Weilu Army. When enemy horsemen reached the walls he repeatedly sent out ambushes and killed or captured a great many. He soon returned to Zhenzhou.

咸平四年，拜西上閤門使，領康州刺史，為前陣鈐轄，與秦翰、楊延昭、楊嗣分屯靜戎、威虜。敵至，會師於威虜，延昭、嗣輕騎先赴羊山，繼宣與翰、分左右隊各整所部，翰全軍亦往，繼宣留壁赤虜，止以二騎繼進。至，則延昭、嗣適為敵所乘。繼宣即召赤虜之師，與翰師合勢大戰，敵走上羊山。繼宣逐之，環山麓至其陰。繼宣馬連中矢斃，凡三易騎，進至牟山谷，大克捷。延昭、嗣、翰之師，初頓赤虜，既而退保威虜，繼宣以所部獨與敵角，薄暮，始至威虜。詔書稱獎，特加檢校官及食邑。

In the fourth year of Xianping he was made Western Upper Gate Commissioner and prefect of Kangzhou, placed in command of the vanguard, and stationed with Qin Han, Yang Yanzhao, and Yang Si at Jingrong and Weilu. When the enemy arrived the commanders united at Weilu. Yang Yanzhao and Yang Si went ahead with light cavalry to Sheep Mountain. Jixuan and Qin Han divided into left and right wings and arrayed their troops. Qin Han took his whole force forward while Jixuan held Chilu and advanced with only two horsemen following. When he arrived, Yang Yanzhao and Yang Si were already being overwhelmed by the enemy. Jixuan at once summoned the troops from Chilu, joined Qin Han's force, and fought a great battle that drove the enemy up Sheep Mountain. Jixuan pursued them around the foot of the mountain to its northern slope. Jixuan's horse was killed by repeated arrow strikes. He changed mounts three times, advanced to Mougu Valley, and won a great victory. The forces of Yang Yanzhao, Yang Si, and Qin Han had first encamped at Chilu, then withdrawn to Weilu. Jixuan fought the enemy alone with his own troops and did not reach Weilu until dusk. An edict commended him and specially added an acting rank and households to his fief.

明年，徙定州鈐轄，扞契丹於唐河。會緣邊都巡檢使楊延昭、楊嗣禦敵師敗，詔繼宣與內殿崇班王汀代之。望都之敗，敵騎剽郡縣，繼宣壁徐河，契丹數十隊薄威虜，威虜魏能與戰，走之，久而繼宣始至。又寇靜戎，汀請分兵自將襲契丹，繼宣拒之，雖日出遊騎偵敵勢，屢徙砦而未嘗出戰。為能、汀所發，召還，令樞密院問狀，降為如京副使。

The following year he was transferred to Commissioner of Dingzhou and defended the Tang River against the Khitan. When Frontier Chief Inspectors Yang Yanzhao and Yang Si were defeated in battle, an edict ordered Jixuan and Inner Hall Attendant Wang Ting to replace them. After the defeat at Wangdu, enemy horsemen raided the prefectures. Jixuan held the Xu River line while dozens of Khitan columns pressed Weilu. Wei Neng fought them off, but Jixuan arrived only after a long delay. When the enemy attacked Jingrong again, Wang Ting asked to divide the force and lead a raid himself. Jixuan refused. Though he sent out scouts daily and shifted camps repeatedly, he never gave battle. Impeached by Wei Neng and Wang Ting, he was recalled, questioned by the Bureau of Military Affairs, and demoted to Deputy Commissioner for the Capital.

景德初，加如京使、鎮州鈐轄。契丹乘秋來攻，時桑贊病足，鄭誠赴定州，繼宣獨主鎮州全師，歷屯邢、趙。及與契丹和，命為高陽關鈐轄。是冬，復為西上閤門使，領康州刺史。三年，兼知瀛州。繼宣罕識字，上以河間郡事繁，慮獄訟有枉，命高繼勳代之，止為鈐轄。

Early in the Jingde reign he was made Commissioner for the Capital and Commissioner of Zhenzhou. The Khitan attacked in autumn. Sang Zan was crippled by foot ailment, Zheng Cheng went to Dingzhou, and Jixuan alone commanded the full army of Zhenzhou, shifting camps between Xing and Zhao. After peace was made with the Khitan, he was made Commissioner of Gaoyang Pass. That winter he again became Western Upper Gate Commissioner and prefect of Kangzhou. In the third year he was also made administrator of Yingzhou. Jixuan could barely read. Fearing miscarriages of justice in the busy Hejian commandery, the emperor replaced him with Gao Jixun and left him only as commissioner.

大中祥符初，徙鎮、定兩路鈐轄，進秩東上閤門使。召還，改鄆州部署，加四方館使。以疾，授西京水南都巡檢使，每夕罕巡警，為留司所舉，特詔增巡檢一員，專主夜巡。六年，疾甚，求至京師尋醫，卒，年六十四。子守忠，左侍禁、閤門祗候。

Early in the Dazhong Xiangfu era he became Commissioner of the Zhen and Ding circuits and was promoted to Eastern Upper Gate Commissioner. Recalled to court, he was made Commander of Yanzhou and Commissioner of the Four Directions Hall. Ill, he was appointed Southern Capital Inspector of the Western Capital Water Office but rarely patrolled at night. Reported by the capital administration, he received a special edict adding an inspector devoted solely to night rounds. In the sixth year his illness worsened. He asked to seek treatment at court and died at sixty-four. His son Shouzhong became Left Palace Guard and Gate Attendant.

張旦，趙州人。勇敢善射，以經學中第，至國子博士。淳化中，知陵州。時李順構亂，連下城邑。賊黨數萬攻陵州，州兵不滿三百，舊不設城塹。旦修完戰具，置鹿角砦，驅市人進戰，大敗之，殺五千餘人，獲器械萬計。詔書褒之，特遷水部員外郎，賜緋魚，由是知名。數月，西川招安使上官正言：「雅州密邇蠻蜑，在於鎮撫須得其人，伏見水部員外郎張旦，前守陵州，以孤軍抗群寇，保全壁壘，至今劍外伏其威名。望改授諸司使，令知州事。」上以省郎之重，不欲換他職，乃授刑部員外郎，賜金紫。乘傳之任，寇不敢犯。

Zhang Dan came from Zhao Prefecture. Brave and skilled in archery, he passed the Classics examination and rose to Doctor of the National University. During the Chunhua reign he was made prefect of Ling Prefecture. At that time Li Shun was rebelling and capturing cities one after another. Tens of thousands of rebels attacked Ling Prefecture. The garrison had fewer than three hundred men and no moat had ever been built. Dan repaired arms, built abatis stockades, pressed townspeople into battle, routed the rebels, killed more than five thousand, and captured tens of thousands of weapons. An edict praised him. He was specially promoted to Outer Gentleman of the Water Bureau and given red fish insignia, and from then on was widely known. Months later Western Sichuan Pacification Commissioner Shang Guanzheng memorialized: "Yazhou lies close to tribal peoples and needs the right man to pacify it. I observe that Zhang Dan, formerly Outer Gentleman of the Water Bureau, held Ling Prefecture with a lone army against a great host, preserved the walls, and is still feared beyond the Sword Pass. I ask that he be made a commissioner and put in charge of the prefecture. The emperor, unwilling to move a provincial official into another post, made him Outer Gentleman of the Punishments Bureau and granted gold and purple insignia. Traveling by imperial relay to his post, bandits did not dare enter his jurisdiction.

又虎翼都虞候胡福戍軍城，率兵力戰，金創遍體，猶奮劍轉鬥，矢無虛發，麾下已盡，獨挺刃殺數十人。副指揮使尚祚能運大撾，所斬首拉脅者，亦百餘人，眾寡不敵，遂與指揮使張睿、劉福、都頭輔能等四人並死之。真宗嘉歎其忠勇，遣使訪遺骸，唯得福屍，命其子厚葬之。贈福洺州團練使，祚濱州刺史，睿演州刺史，劉福臨州刺史，能等並贈諸衛率府副率。又邯鄲令李晦辭赴任，值道梗，留德清同拒敵；侍禁夏承皓部兵至大名界遇敵，皆戰沒。贈晦辭工部員外郎，承皓崇儀使。時又贈受事河朔而沒者，殿直劉超供備庫使，入內高班內品李知順為六宅副使，奉職胡度等三人為內殿崇班，仍各錄其子，及賜其家金帛。

Tiger Wing Chief Commandant Hu Fu also garrisoned the army city and fought fiercely. Wounds covered his body, yet he still wheeled and fought, never missing with his arrows. When his men were gone, he alone killed dozens with his blade. Deputy Commander Shang Zuoneng wielded a great mace and smashed more than a hundred heads and ribs. Outnumbered, he died together with Commanders Zhang Rui and Liu Fu, Squad Leader Funeng, and three others. Zhenzong praised their loyalty and courage, sent an envoy to recover their remains, and found only Fu's body. He ordered Fu's son to give him a full burial. Fu was posthumously made Militia Commissioner of Mingzhou; Zuo was made prefect of Binzhou; Rui of Yanzhou; Liu Fu of Linzhou; and Funeng and the others were all made Deputy Commandants of the Guard Rate Offices. Handan Magistrate Li Huici was traveling to his post, found the roads blocked, and stayed at Deqing to resist the enemy. Palace Attendant Xia Chenghao led troops to the Daming border, met the enemy, and all were killed in battle. Huici was posthumously made Outer Gentleman of the Works Bureau; Chenghao was made Ceremonial Rites Commissioner. Others who died serving in Hebei were also rewarded: Liu Chao was made Supply Commissioner; Li Zhishun Deputy Commissioner of the Six Residences; Hu Du and three others Inner Hall Attendants; their sons were enrolled in service and their families given gold and silk.

張煦，字輔暘，開封人。開寶末，補府中牙職。雍熙二年，自陳太宗尹京嘗事左右，命為殿前承旨，遷殿直、歙州監軍。凶人黃行達弟坐法抵死，行達誣州將故入其罪，詔宣州通判姚鉉與煦鞫之，即日決遣。還擢供奉官、閤門祗候。占謝日，又改內殿崇班、鎮定、邢、趙、山西、土門路都巡檢使。契丹騎兵剽境上，煦以所部斬首數十，走之。葛霸、周瑩、李繼宣稱其幹舉，有詔嘉獎。代還，拜供備庫副使，權知環州。數月，改岢嵐軍使，又知保安軍。

Zhang Xu, whose courtesy name was Fuyang, came from Kaifeng. At the end of the Kaibao reign he entered service as a yamen clerk in the prefectural office. In the second year of Yongxi he said he had served Taizong when the emperor was Prince of Jing. He was made Palace Front Commissioner, then Palace Attendant and supervisory commissioner of Shezhou. When the younger brother of the criminal Huang Xingda was sentenced to death, Xingda falsely accused the prefectural commander. By edict Yao Xian, vice prefect of Xuanzhou, and Xu tried the case and resolved it the same day. On his return he was promoted to Presentation Officer and Gate Attendant. On the day he thanked the throne for his appointment he was made Inner Hall Attendant of the Honored Class and Chief Inspector of the Zhen-Ding, Xing, Zhao, Shanxi, and Tumen routes. When Khitan cavalry raided the border, Xu beheaded dozens with his troops and drove them off. Ge Ba, Zhou Ying, and Li Jixuan praised his capable administration, and he received an edict of commendation. Recalled to court, he was made Deputy Supply Commissioner and acting administrator of Huanzhou. Several months later he became commander of Kelan Army and administrator of Bao'an Army.

咸平中，王均亂蜀，以煦為綿、漢、劍門路都巡檢使。又與雷有終進攻成都，煦主東砦，焚其郛及樓堞，均突圍而遁。賊平，以功就遷正使，徙益州都監，與知州宋太初同提總本路諸軍事。有戰艦卒將謀擾動，煦即日斬之。

During the Xianping reign, when Wang Jun rebelled in Shu, Xu was made Chief Inspector of the Mian, Han, and Jianmen route. He joined Lei Youzhong in attacking Chengdu, commanded the eastern stockade, burned the outer walls and towers, and Wang Jun broke out and fled. After the rebellion was crushed he was promoted to chief commissioner, made chief supervisor of Yizhou, and together with Prefect Song Taichu directed all military affairs of the circuit. When a warship soldier plotted mutiny, Xu executed him the same day.

夏人寇邊，改涇原儀渭都鈐轄。又為邠寧環慶路鈐轄兼巡檢、安撫都監，累躡寇入賊中，掩殺甚眾，有詔嘉獎。會遣王超、張凝、秦翰援靈武，命煦為西路行營都監。至鎮戎，聞靈武已陷，復還本任。與張凝入西夏境，出白豹鎮，至柔遠川，夏人七百餘邀戰，煦與慶州監軍張綸擊殺甚眾。清遠故城有酋長，請以甲騎三萬來降。煦與凝曰：「此詐也。」亟嚴兵以待之，果然。凝按部歸環州，道為敵所邀。煦聞之，領所部銳兵自慶州赴之，一昔與凝會，射殺其大將，與凝同還。

When the Tangut raided the frontier he was made Commissioner of the Jingyuan, Yi, and Wei circuit. He again served as commissioner of the Bin-Ning-Huan-Qing circuit with inspector and pacification duties, repeatedly pursued raiders into their territory in surprise attacks, killed many, and received praise from court. When Wang Chao, Zhang Ning, and Qin Han were sent to relieve Lingwu, Xu was made Western Route Field Headquarters Chief Supervisor. At Zhenrong he learned that Lingwu had fallen and returned to his original post. With Zhang Ning he entered Tangut territory from Baibao Town to Rouyuan River. More than seven hundred Tanguts attacked; Xu and Qingzhou supervisor Zhang Lun killed many. At the old Qingyuan city a chieftain offered to surrender with thirty thousand armored horsemen. Xu told Ning, "This is a ruse." He urgently arrayed his troops to receive them, and so it proved. Ning was leading his command back to Huanzhou when the enemy intercepted him on the road. Hearing this, Xu led crack troops from Qingzhou to his aid. In one night he joined Ning, shot and killed the enemy general, and returned with him.

東封歲，權河陽鈐轄，遷文思使、知曹州。會江、淮災歉，分命大藩長吏綏撫，以煦為江南西路安撫都監。俄還濟陰，加北作坊使，又徙滄州，就轉宮苑使，領康州刺史。大中祥符九年，加領昭州團練使、知鄜州。未幾，復知滄州。天禧三年，拜西上閤門使，徙幷代鈐轄。以老疾求近郡，得知磁州。四年，卒，年七十三。煦明術數，善相宅，時稱其妙。

In the year of the eastern fengshan rites he acted as Commissioner of Heyang, then was made Commissioner of Literary Elegance and prefect of Caozhou. When the Jianghuai region suffered famine, the court sent great frontier officials to comfort the people, and Xu was made Pacification Chief Supervisor of Jiangnan West Circuit. He soon returned to Jiyin, was made Commissioner of the Northern Workshops, transferred to Cangzhou, then made Commissioner of the Palace Parks and prefect of Kangzhou. In the ninth year of Dazhong Xiangfu he was also made Militia Commissioner of Zhaozhou and administrator of Yanzhou. Before long he again became prefect of Cangzhou. In the third year of Tianxi he was made Western Upper Gate Commissioner and transferred to Commissioner of Bing and Dai. Because of age and illness he asked for a nearby prefecture and was made prefect of Cizhou. In the fourth year he died at the age of seventy-three. Xu was skilled in numerology and geomancy and was renowned for it.

張佶，字仲雅，本燕人，後徙華州渭南。初名志言，後改焉。父昉，殿中少監。佶少有志節，始用蔭補殿前承旨，以習儒業，獻文求試，換國子監丞。遷著作佐郎、監三白渠、知涇陽縣。端拱初，為太子右贊善大夫。曹州民有被誣殺人者，詔往按之，發擿奸伏，冤人得雪。尋通判忻州，遷殿中丞，兼御河督運。

Zhang Ji, whose courtesy name was Zhongya, was originally from Yan and later moved to Weinan in Huazhou. His original name was Zhiyan, which he later changed. His father Fang was Junior Director of the Palace Secretariat. Ji had strong character from youth. He entered service by privilege as Palace Front Commissioner, studied Confucian learning, presented writings for examination, and became Assistant Director of the National University. He was promoted to Assistant Editorial Director, supervised the Sanbai Canal, and was made magistrate of Jingyang County. Early in the Duangong reign he became Right Assistant to the Heir Apparent. A man in Caozhou was falsely accused of murder. By edict Ji investigated, exposed the hidden crime, and cleared the innocent man. He soon became Vice Prefect of Xinzhou, then Palace Secretariat Attendant and Supervisor of Transport on the Imperial Canal.

至道中，通判陝州，再部送芻糧赴靈武，就改國子博士。咸平初，擢為陝西轉運副使，賜緋魚。至延安，遇夏人入寇，親督兵擊敗之。三年，徙西川轉運副使。時詔討王均，以饋餉之勞，遷虞部員外郎。賊平，分川峽為四路，以佶為利州路轉運使。有薦其武幹者，召還，授如京使、涇原鈐轄兼知鎮戎軍。徙麟府路鈐轄，夏人來寇，佶率兵與戰，親射殺酋帥，俘獲甚眾，餘黨遁去。詔書褒之，賜錦袍、金帶。景德中，徙益州鈐轄，加宜州刺史，遷文思使。佶御軍撫民，甚有威惠，蜀人久猶懷之。

During Zhidao he was Vice Prefect of Shaanzhou, again escorted fodder to Lingwu, and was made Doctor of the National University. Early in the Xianping reign he was made Deputy Transport Commissioner of Shaanxi and given red fish insignia. At Yan'an he met a Tangut raid and personally directed troops to defeat it. In the third year he was transferred to Deputy Transport Commissioner of Western Sichuan. When court ordered the campaign against Wang Jun, he was promoted to Outer Gentleman of the Works Bureau for supplying the army. After the rebellion was crushed, the Sichuan gorges were divided into four circuits and Ji was made Transport Commissioner of Lizhou Circuit. When his military ability was recommended, he was recalled and made Commissioner for the Capital, Commissioner of the Jingyuan circuit, and administrator of Zhenrong Army. Transferred to Commissioner of the Linfu circuit, he fought a Tangut raid, personally shot a chieftain, captured many prisoners, and drove off the rest. An edict praised him and granted a brocade robe and gold belt. During Jingde he was transferred to Commissioner of Yizhou, made prefect of Yizhou, and promoted to Commissioner of Literary Elegance. In commanding troops and comforting the people Ji showed great authority and kindness, and the people of Shu long remembered him.

大中祥符四年，車駕祀汾陰，以為西京舊城巡檢、鈐轄。禮成，加授北作坊使，充趙德明官告使。又為鄜延鈐轄。會秦州李浚暴卒，上語近臣曰：「天水邊要，宜速得人。」馬知節稱佶可任，上然之，遂改左騏驥使，就命知秦州。至州，置四門砦，開拓疆境，邊部頗怨。又臨渭置采木場，戎人不之爭，移帳而去。佶不甚存撫，亦不奏加賚賜，邊人追悔，引眾劫掠，佶深入掩擊，敗走之。議者又欲加恩宗哥、立遵等族，以扼平夏，佶請拒絕之，事具《吐蕃傳》。朝廷始務寧邊，以佶輕信易事，徙邠寧路鈐轄。天禧初，召為契丹國信副使，再任邠寧，兼知邠州，遷宮苑使。未逾月，擢拜西上閤門使，復為涇原鈐轄。四年，卒，年六十九。

In the fourth year of Dazhong Xiangfu, when the emperor performed the feng sacrifice at Fenyin, Ji was made inspector and commissioner of the old western capital city. When the rites were completed he was also made Commissioner of the Northern Workshops and sent as envoy bearing the patent to Zhao Deming. He again served as Commissioner of the Yan-Yan circuit. When Li Jun of Qinzhou died suddenly, the emperor told his close advisers, "Tianshui is a vital frontier post and needs the right man quickly." Ma Zhijie said Ji was fit for the post. The emperor agreed and made him Commissioner of the Left Imperial Stud and prefect of Qinzhou. At the prefecture he built the Four Gates stockade and expanded the frontier, provoking strong resentment among the tribes. He also established a timber camp at Linwei. The tribes did not contest it but moved their camps away. Ji did little to comfort the tribes or memorialize for rewards. The frontier people turned hostile, raided in force, and Ji defeated them in a deep surprise attack. Advisers wished to favor the Zongge and Lizun clans to check Pingxia, but Ji asked that this be refused. The affair is detailed in the Tibetan biography. As the court sought frontier peace, Ji was transferred to Commissioner of the Bin-Ning circuit for trusting too lightly and stirring trouble. Early in the Tianxi reign he was recalled as Deputy Envoy on the Khitan Credentials Mission, again served in Bin-Ning, concurrently administered Binzhou, and was promoted to Commissioner of the Palace Parks. Within a month he was promoted to Western Upper Gate Commissioner and again made Commissioner of the Jingyuan circuit. In the fourth year he died at the age of sixty-nine.

佶涉獵書史，好吟詠，勇敢善射，有方略，其總戎護塞，以威名自任。子宗象，兵部員外郎、直史館、度支判官。

Ji read widely in history, loved poetry, was brave and skilled in archery, and had sound strategy. In commanding troops and guarding the frontier he relied on his formidable reputation. His son Zongxiang became Outer Gentleman of the Military Bureau, Direct Historian of the History Office, and Revenue Judge.

論曰：自古盛德之世，未嘗無邊圉之患，要在得果毅之臣以扞禦之。昔人有言「誰能去兵」，漢祖亦云「安得猛士」，蓋為此也。李順叛蜀，攻陷郡邑，正捍劍門，斌守梓潼，其績最多。契丹入寇，審玉、繼宣，拔陷將於重圍之中，固有餘勇，佶、煦宣力西南，勤幹威惠，亦皆可取。濟、旦以孤城捍強寇，援絕戰死，一代死事之表表者，其可泯諸。

The commentators say: Even in ages of highest virtue, frontier troubles have never been absent. What matters is finding resolute ministers able to defend the borders. Men of old asked who could abolish arms, and the Founder of Han lamented where he might find fierce warriors—all for the same reason. When Li Shun rebelled in Shu and overran the prefectures, Zheng held Jianmen and Lu Bin defended Zitong. Their achievements stood above the rest. When the Khitan invaded, Shenyu and Jixuan rescued trapped generals from encirclement and still had fight left in them. Ji and Xu served effectively in the southwest with diligence, authority, and kindness—all likewise commendable. Ji and Dan held isolated cities against powerful foes, were cut off from relief, and died fighting—outstanding martyrs of their age whose memory must not fade.

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