1
杜闞王李苑羅王
Du, Kan, Wang, Li, Yuan, Luo, and Wang
2
杜伏威，齊州章丘人。 少豪蕩，不治生貲，與裏人輔公祏約刎頸交。 公礻石數盜姑家牧羊以饋伏威，縣跡捕急出《禮記·禮運》：「大道之行也，天下為公，選賢與能，講，乃相與亡命為盜，時年十六。 伏威狡譎多算，每剽劫，眾用其策皆效。 嘗營護諸盜，出為導，入為殿，故其黨愛服，共推為主。
Du Fuwei was a native of Zhangqiu in Qizhou. As a youth he was wild and extravagant, paid no heed to making a living, and with a neighbor named Fu Gongshi he swore an oath of sworn brotherhood. Fu Gongshi often stole sheep from his aunt's household to feed Fuwei. When the county authorities were hot on their trail, the two fled together and took to banditry. Fuwei was sixteen at the time. Fuwei was crafty and resourceful. On every raid his men followed his schemes, and they never failed. He often shielded the other robbers on their raids, serving as vanguard on the way out and rearguard on the return, so his comrades admired and trusted him and together chose him as their chief.
3
隋大業九年，入長白山，依賊左君行，不得意，舍去，轉剽淮南，稱將軍。 下邳賊苗海潮擁眾鈔暴，伏威遣公祏脅諭曰：「天下共苦隋，豪桀相與興義，然力弱勢分不相統，若合以為強，則無事隋矣。 公能為主，吾且從，不然，一戰以決。」 海潮懼，即以眾下之。 江都留守遣校尉宋顥將兵捕擊，伏威與戰，偽北，誘顥墮葭榛澤中，順風縱火迫之，步騎燒死幾盡。 海陵賊趙破陣聞伏威兵少，輕之，召使並力。 伏威引親將十人操牛酒謁，勒公祏嚴兵待變。 破陣引伏威入幕，置酒，悉召酋首高會。 伏威突斬破陣，眾眙駭不及救，復殺數十人，下皆畏服，公祏兵亦至，遂並其眾，至數萬。 攻安宜，屠之。 隋遣虎牙郎將來整戰於黃花輪，伏威大敗，身重創，與公祏財有眾數百，亡去，行收卒得八千，與虎牙郎將公孫上哲戰鹽城，覆其軍。
In the ninth year of the Sui reign era Daye, he joined the bandits on Mount Changbai under Zuo Junxing. Finding no favor there, he left and turned to raiding in the Huai region, styling himself General. Miao Haichao of Xiapi led a band that looted far and wide. Fuwei sent Fu Gongshi to intimidate him with a message: "The empire groans under the Sui; heroes everywhere are rising in revolt, yet their forces are weak and scattered and cannot act as one. If we join together we shall be strong enough to bring down the Sui. If you will be our leader, I shall follow you for now; if not, let us settle it in a single battle. Haichao was frightened and at once placed his men under Fuwei's command. The Jiangdu garrison commissioner sent Colonel Song Hao with troops to hunt him down. Fuwei gave battle, feigned a retreat, and lured Hao into a reed swamp; then, with the wind at his back, he set the reeds ablaze and drove the enemy into the flames until almost every foot soldier and horseman was burned alive. Zhao Pochen, a bandit chief of Hailing, heard that Fuwei's force was small and held him in contempt, so he summoned Fuwei to join him. Fuwei took ten trusted officers carrying oxen and wine to pay a visit, while ordering Fu Gongshi to hold the army in readiness for any sudden move. Pochen brought Fuwei into his tent, set out wine, and called all the chieftains together for a great feast. Fuwei suddenly sprang up and slew Pochen. The assembly stood aghast and could not intervene in time. He killed several dozen more men, and all his subordinates submitted in fear. Fu Gongshi's troops arrived as well, and Fuwei absorbed Pochen's entire following, bringing his strength to tens of thousands. He attacked Anyi and put the place to the sword. The Sui dispatched Tiger Tusk General Lai Zheng to fight him at Huanghualun. Fuwei suffered a crushing defeat and was gravely wounded. He and Fu Gongshi escaped with only a few hundred men, but as they marched they gathered troops until they had eight thousand, then met Tiger Tusk General Gongsun Shangzhe at Yancheng and annihilated his force.
4
煬帝遣右禦衛將軍陳棱以精兵討之，棱不敢戰，伏威遺以婦人服，書稱陳姥，怒其軍。 棱果悉兵至，伏威迎出挑戰，棱軍射中其額，伏威怒曰：「不殺汝，矢不拔！」 遂馳入棱陣，大呼沖擊，眾披靡，獲所射將，使拔箭已，斬之，攜其首入棱軍示之，又殺數十人，遂大潰，棱走而免。
Emperor Yang sent Right Imperial Guard General Chen Ling with picked troops against him. Ling would not give battle, so Fuwei sent him women's garments and a letter addressed to "Old Dame Chen," deliberately to humiliate him and stir his army to anger. Chen Ling duly marched out with his full army. Fuwei rode forth to challenge him. Ling's archers struck Fuwei in the forehead. Fuwei roared, "I will not pull out this arrow until you are dead! He spurred straight into Chen Ling's ranks, shouting as he charged. The enemy lines crumbled. He seized the archer who had shot him, made the man draw out the arrow, then cut off his head and bore it into Ling's camp to display it. After killing several dozen more men he put the whole army to rout. Ling himself escaped.
5
進破高郵，引兵度淮，攻歷陽，據之，稱總管。 分兵徇屬縣，皆下，江淮群盜爭附。 伏威選敢死士五千，號「上募」，寵厚之，與均甘苦，每攻取，必先登，戰罷，閱創在背者殺之。 所虜獲必分與麾下，士有戰死，以其妻殉，故人自奮戰，無完敵。 宇文化及以為歷陽太守，不受。 徙丹陽，自稱大行臺。 始進用士人，繕利兵械，薄賦斂，除殉葬法，民奸若盜及吏受賕，雖輕，皆殺無赦。 上表越王侗，侗以為東南道大總管，封楚王。
He pressed on to capture Gaoyou, led his army across the Huai, attacked Liyang, seized it, and styled himself Chief Commandant. He dispatched columns to bring the neighboring counties to heel, and all submitted. Bandits throughout the Jianghuai region scrambled to join him. Fuwei chose five thousand daredevils, called them the "First Recruits," and treated them with exceptional favor, sharing every hardship with them. In every assault he had to be the first man up the wall. After battle he inspected the wounded: anyone struck in the back was executed. Whatever booty was taken he divided among his men. When a soldier fell in battle, his wife was buried with him. For this reason his followers fought with desperate courage, and his enemies were never left standing. Yu Wenhuaji appointed him administrator of Liyang, but he refused the post. He shifted his base to Danyang and styled himself Grand Executive. He began to employ men of learning, sharpened his armaments, and reduced taxes. He abolished the custom of burying the living with the dead. Adultery, theft, or official corruption—even in minor cases—was punished by death without mercy. He submitted a memorial to King Yue Yang Tong, who appointed him Grand Commander of the Southeastern Circuit and enfeoffed him as King of Chu.
6
是時，秦王方討王世充，遣使招懷，伏威乃獻款。 高祖授以東南道行臺尚書令、江淮安撫大使、上柱國、吳王，賜姓，豫屬籍，以其子德俊為山陽公，賜帛五千段，馬三百匹。 伏威遣其將陳正通、徐紹宗以兵會，取世充之梁郡。 又遣將王雄誕討李子通於杭州，禽以獻。 破汪華於歙州。 盡有江東、淮南地，南屬嶺，東至於海。 秦王已平劉黑闥，師次曹、兗，伏威懼，乃入朝。 詔拜太子太保兼行臺尚書令，留京師，位在齊王元吉上，以寵之。
At that time the Prince of Qin was campaigning against Wang Shichong and sent envoys to win him over. Fuwei thereupon pledged his allegiance. Emperor Gaozu appointed him Director of the Southeastern Circuit Executive Secretariat, Grand Ambassador for the Pacification of Jianghuai, Upper Pillar of State, and King of Wu; granted him the imperial surname and enrolled him in the imperial clan register. His son Dejun was made Duke of Shanyang, and he received five thousand bolts of silk and three hundred horses. Fuwei sent his generals Chen Zhengtong and Xu Shaozong with troops to join the campaign and captured Liang Prefecture from Wang Shichong. He also sent his general Wang Xiongdan to attack Li Zitong at Hangzhou and took him prisoner for presentation at court. He defeated Wang Hua at She Prefecture. He came to hold all of Jiangdong and the Huai region, his domain reaching south to the mountain ranges and east to the sea. The Prince of Qin had already pacified Liu Heidan and halted his army in Cao and Yan. Fuwei grew fearful and came to court in person. An edict appointed him Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent with concurrent duties as Director of the Executive Secretariat and kept him at the capital. His precedence was set above Prince of Qi Li Yuanji, a mark of special favor.
7
伏威好神仙長年術，餌雲母被毒，武德七年二月，暴卒。 初，公祏反，矯伏威令以紿眾，趙郡王孝恭既平公祏，得反書以聞。 高祖追其官，削屬籍，沒入家產。 貞觀元年，太宗知其冤，詔復官爵，以公禮葬，仍還其子封。
Fuwei was devoted to the arts of immortality and long life. He ingested mica and was poisoned by it. In the second month of the seventh year of Wude he died suddenly. Earlier, when Fu Gongshi rebelled, he forged orders in Fuwei's name to deceive the troops. After the Prince of Zhao Li Xiaogong had pacified Gongshi, he obtained the rebel correspondence and reported it to the throne. Emperor Gaozu stripped him of his offices, removed his name from the imperial clan register, and confiscated his family property. In the first year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong, recognizing that he had been wronged, ordered his offices and titles restored, gave him burial with full honors, and returned his son's fief.
8
伏威有養子三十人，皆壯士，屬以兵，與同衣食，唯闞棱、王雄誕知名。
Fuwei had thirty adopted sons, all powerful warriors. He entrusted them with troops and shared food and clothing with them as with his own kin. Only Kan Ling and Wang Xiongdan were widely known.
9
闞棱，伏威邑人也。 貌魁雄，善用兩刃刀，其長丈，名曰「陌刀」，一揮殺數人，前無堅對。 伏威據江淮，以戰功顯，署左將軍。 部兵皆群盜，橫相侵牟，棱案罪殺之，雖親故無脫者，至道不舉遺。 從伏威入朝，拜左領軍將軍、越州都督。 公祏反，棱與南討，青山之戰，與陳正通遇，陣方接，棱脫兜鍪謂眾曰：「不識我邪？ 何敢戰！」 其徒多棱舊部，氣遂索，至有拜者。 公祏破，棱功多，然頗自伐。 公祏被禽，乃誣與己謀； 又伏威、王雄誕及棱貲產在丹陽者當原，而趙郡王孝恭悉籍入之，棱自訴，忤孝恭。 遂以謀反誅。
Kan Ling was a fellow townsman of Fuwei. He was of towering, heroic build and excelled with the double-edged long sword. His blade was ten feet long and called the "mo dao." A single sweep could cut down several men at once, and no enemy formation could stand before him. When Fuwei held the Jianghuai region, Kan Ling distinguished himself in battle and was appointed Left General. His troops were former bandits who preyed on one another. Kan Ling tried them for their crimes and put them to death, sparing neither friend nor kin, until not even a scrap was left on the highway. When Fuwei came to court, Kan Ling accompanied him and was appointed Left Defender General and Governor of Yuezhou. When Fu Gongshi rebelled, Kan Ling joined the southern campaign. At the battle of Qingshan he encountered Chen Zhengtong. As the two armies were about to clash, Kan Ling removed his helmet and shouted to the enemy ranks, "Do you not know who I am? How dare you fight me! How dare you fight me! Many of the enemy soldiers were Kan Ling's former comrades. Their fighting spirit collapsed, and some even bowed to him in greeting. When Fu Gongshi was defeated, Kan Ling won great distinction, yet he grew rather boastful of his achievements. When Fu Gongshi was captured, he falsely claimed that Kan Ling had conspired with him; moreover, the property of Fuwei, Wang Xiongdan, and Kan Ling at Danyang ought to have been restored to them, but the Prince of Zhao Li Xiaogong had it all registered and confiscated. Kan Ling appealed on his own behalf and thereby offended Li Xiaogong. He was accordingly executed on a charge of treason.
10
王雄誕，曹州濟陰人。 少強果，膂力絕人。 伏威之起，用其計，戰多克，署驃騎將軍。
Wang Xiongdan was a native of Jiyin in Caozhou. In his youth he was fierce and resolute, with strength that none could match. When Fuwei first rose in rebellion, Wang Xiongdan supplied his stratagems. He won battle after battle and was appointed Flying Cavalry General.
11
初，伏威度淮與李子通合，後子通憚其才，襲之，伏威被創墮馬，雄誕負逃葭澤中，裒嘯散亡，又為隋將來整所窘，眾復潰。 別將西門君儀妻王勇決而力，負伏威走，雄誕總麾下壯士十余人從之。 追兵至，雄誕還拒，數被創，氣彌厲，伏威遂脫。 闞棱年長於雄誕，故軍中號棱「大將軍」，雄誕「小將軍」。
At first, when Fuwei crossed the Huai to ally with Li Zitong, Zitong later grew afraid of his talent and turned on him. Fuwei was wounded and thrown from his horse. Wang Xiongdan carried him on his back into the reed marshes, gathered the scattered troops, and fought on—only to be cornered again by the Sui general Lai Zheng, whereupon the army collapsed once more. The wife of his officer Ximen Junyi, a woman named Wang, was bold and powerful. She hoisted Fuwei onto her back and ran. Wang Xiongdan rallied more than ten of his strongest warriors to follow. When the pursuers caught up, Wang Xiongdan wheeled about to hold them off. He was wounded again and again, yet his fury only mounted. Fuwei thus made his escape. Kan Ling was older than Wang Xiongdan, so in the army they called Kan Ling the "Great General" and Wang Xiongdan the "Little General."
12
後伏威令輔公祏擊子通，以雄誕、棱為副，戰溧水，子通敗，公祏乘勝追之，反為所擠，士皆走壁。 雄誕曰：「子通狃於勝，無營壘，今急擊之，必克。」 公祏不從。 雄誕獨提私卒數百，銜枚夜往，乘風火之，子通大敗走，度太湖。 武德四年，與子通戰蘇州，卻之。 子通以精兵保獨松嶺，雄誕遣將陳當率千兵出不意，乘高蔽崦，張疑幟，夜縛炬於樹，遍山澤。 子通懼，燒營遁，保余杭，雄誕追禽之。
Later Fuwei ordered Fu Gongshi to attack Li Zitong, with Wang Xiongdan and Kan Ling as his deputies. They fought at Lishui. Li Zitong was defeated, and Fu Gongshi pressed the pursuit—but was in turn driven back, and his men fled to the city walls. Wang Xiongdan said, "Li Zitong is drunk on his victory and has pitched no camp defenses. If we strike him now, hard and fast, he is sure to fall. Fu Gongshi would not listen. Wang Xiongdan took several hundred of his own men, had them gag their mouths, and marched by night. He attacked with wind and fire. Li Zitong was routed and fled across Lake Tai. In the fourth year of Wude he fought Li Zitong at Suzhou and drove him back. Li Zitong held his crack troops on Dusong Ridge. Wang Xiongdan sent Chen Dang with a thousand men to take an unexpected route, stationing them high on the shaded slopes with many decoy banners. By night they bound torches to the trees until the hills and marshes blazed with light. Li Zitong was terrified, burned his camp, and fled to Yuhang. Wang Xiongdan pursued him and took him prisoner.
13
歙守汪華在郡稱王且十年，雄誕還師攻之，華以勁甲出新安洞拒戰，雄誕伏兵山谷，以弱卒數千鬥，輒走壁，華來攻，壁中奮殊死，不可下。 會暮還，雄誕伏兵已據洞口，不得歸，遽面縛降。 蘇賊聞人遂安據昆山，無所屬，伏威使討之，雄誕以邑險而完，攻之引日，遂單騎造壘門，陳國威靈，因開曉禍福，遂安即降。 以前後功授歙州總管，封宜春郡公。
Wang Hua, the defender of She Prefecture, had styled himself king in the region for nearly ten years. Wang Xiongdan turned back to attack him. Wang Hua marched out in heavy armor through Xin'an Pass. Wang Xiongdan hid troops in the valleys and met him with a few thousand weak soldiers, then feigned retreat to the walls. When Wang Hua pressed the attack, the defenders fought with desperate fury and the position could not be taken. At dusk Wang Hua withdrew. Wang Xiongdan's ambush had already seized the mouth of the pass, cutting off his retreat. Wang Hua had no choice but to come forward bound and surrender. Wen Suian, a bandit of Suzhou, held Kunshan and acknowledged no master. Fuwei sent Wang Xiongdan against him. The stronghold was steep and well defended, and the siege dragged on for days. Wang Xiongdan then rode alone to the camp gate, proclaimed the majesty of the state, and laid out the consequences of resistance and submission. Wen Suian surrendered at once. For his accumulated victories he was appointed Governor of She Prefecture and enfeoffed as Duke of Yichun.
14
伏威入朝，以兵屬雄誕。 輔公祏將反，患其異己，縱反間，陽言得伏威教，責雄誕貳。 雄誕素質直，信之，乃歸臥疾。 公祏奪其兵，遣西門君儀諭計，雄誕始悔寤，曰：「天下方靖，王在京師，當謹守籓，奈何為族夷事？ 雄誕雖死，誼不從！」 公祏遂縊之。
When Fuwei came to court he left his army under Wang Xiongdan's command. When Fu Gongshi was plotting rebellion he feared Wang Xiongdan's independence. He spread false reports, openly claiming he had Fuwei's orders, and accused Wang Xiongdan of disloyalty. Wang Xiongdan was by nature upright and trusting, and he believed the story. He returned to quarters and feigned illness. Fu Gongshi stripped him of his command and sent Ximen Junyi to lay out the plot. Wang Xiongdan then came to his senses with regret and said, "The realm has only just been pacified. The King is in the capital. We ought to guard our post faithfully—how can we undertake an act that will destroy our whole clan? Even if Wang Xiongdan must die, he will not follow you in treason! Fu Gongshi thereupon had him strangled.
15
雄誕愛人，善撫士，能致下死力，每破城邑，整眾山立，無絲毫犯。 死之日，江南士庶為流涕。 高祖嘉其節，以子世果襲宜春郡封。 太宗立，優詔贈左驍衛大將軍、越州都督，謚曰忠。 世果，垂拱初至廣州都督、安西大都護。
Wang Xiongdan cared for his men and knew how to win their loyalty so that they would die for him. Whenever he captured a city he held his troops in strict formation, and not the least disorder was permitted. On the day of his death, scholars and commoners throughout the Jiangnan region wept for him. Emperor Gaozu honored his loyalty. His son Shiguo inherited the fief of Yichun. When Emperor Taizong took the throne, an edict of special favor posthumously appointed him Left Valiant Cavalry Grand General and Governor of Yuezhou, with the posthumous title Loyal. Shiguo, at the beginning of the Chuigong era, rose to Governor of Guangzhou and Grand Protector of Anxi.
16
張士貴，虢州盧氏人，本名忽峍。 彎弓百五十斤，左右射無空發。 隋大業末，起為盜，攻剽城邑，當時患之，號「忽峍賊」。 高祖移檄招之，士貴即降，拜右光祿大夫。 從征伐有功，賜爵新野縣公。 又從平洛，授虢州刺史。 帝曰：「顧令卿衣錦晝遊耳。」 進封虢國公、右屯衛大將軍。 貞觀七年，為龔州道行軍總管，破反獠還，太宗聞其冒矢石先登，勞之曰：「嘗聞以忠報國者不顧身，於公見之。」 累遷左領軍大將軍。 顯慶初，卒，贈荊州都督，陪葬昭陵。
Zhang Shigui was a native of Lushi in Guozhou. His original name was Hula. He could draw a bow of one hundred fifty jin and shoot to left or right without ever missing. At the end of the Sui, in the Daye era, he took to banditry and raided cities. The people feared him and called him the "Hula Bandit." Emperor Gaozu issued a proclamation summoning him to submit. Zhang Shigui surrendered at once and was appointed Right Grand Master of Splendor. He followed the armies on campaign and won distinction, and was enfeoffed as Duke of Xinye. He again followed the campaign to pacify Luoyang and was appointed Governor of Guozhou. The Emperor said, "I meant for you to return home in glory, clad in brocade by daylight. He was further enfeoffed as Duke of Guo and appointed Right Defender of the Encampment Grand General. In the seventh year of Zhenguan he served as commander of the Gongzhou circuit campaign, crushed the rebellious Lao tribes, and returned. Emperor Taizong heard that he had charged ahead through flying arrows and stones and comforted him, saying, "I have heard that those who repay the state with loyalty do not spare their own lives—and in you I see it. He was repeatedly promoted, eventually reaching the post of Left Defender Grand General. At the beginning of the Xianqing era he died. He was posthumously appointed Governor of Jingzhou and buried with honor at Zhaoling.
17
苑君璋，馬邑豪也，以趫雄自奮。 劉武周以兵入寇，君璋曰：「唐以一州兵掇取三輔，所向風靡，此殆天命，非人謀，不可爭也。 太原而南多巖阻，今束甲深入，無踵軍，有失不可償，不如連突厥與唐合從，南面稱孤，上策也。」 武周不聽，使君璋守朔州，引眾內侵，未幾敗，泣曰：「廢君言，乃至此！」 即與共趨突厥。
Yuan Junzhang was a powerful local figure of Mayi who prided himself on his fierce courage. When Liu Wuzhou invaded with his army, Yuan Junzhang said, "Tang took the capital with the forces of a single province and swept all before them wherever they marched. This looks like Heaven's mandate, not mere human scheming. It cannot be opposed. South of Taiyuan the terrain is rugged and full of natural barriers. If we drive deep into enemy country without a reserve force behind us, a single defeat would be irreparable. Far better to ally with the Turks against Tang and proclaim ourselves kings in the south—that is the supreme strategy. Liu Wuzhou would not heed him. He left Yuan Junzhang to guard Shuozhou and led his main force south to invade. Before long he was defeated. Weeping, he said, "I ignored your counsel, and now it has come to this!" He then fled with Yuan Junzhang to the Turks.
18
武周死，突厥以君璋為大行臺，統武周部曲，使郁射設監兵，與舊將高滿政夜襲代州，不克。 高祖遣使招之，賜鐵券，約不死。 君璋拒命，進寇代州，刺史王孝德拒卻之。 滿政勸君璋曰：「夷狄無禮，豈可北面臣之？ 請盡殺其眾以歸唐。」 君璋不從。 而馬邑困於兵，人厭亂，滿政因眾不忍，夜脅君璋，君璋奔突厥。 滿政以城歸，詔拜朔州總管，封榮國公。 君璋引突厥攻陷馬邑，殺滿政，夷其黨，乃去，退保恒安。 其部皆中國人，多叛去，君璋窮，乃降，自請鄣虜贖罪。
After Liu Wuzhou died, the Turks appointed Yuan Junzhang Grand Executive, placing him in command of Wuzhou's former troops. They sent the Yay she to oversee his forces, and together with the old general Gao Manzheng he launched a night attack on Dai Prefecture, but failed to take it. Emperor Gaozu sent envoys to summon him, granted him an iron certificate guaranteeing he would not be put to death, and pledged him immunity. Yuan Junzhang refused to obey and marched against Dai Prefecture. The prefect Wang Xiaode drove him back. Gao Manzheng urged Yuan Junzhang, saying, "The barbarians know no propriety. How can we bow north and serve them as subjects? Let us slaughter their entire force and return to Tang. Yuan Junzhang would not agree. Mayi was ravaged by warfare and the people were sick of chaos. Gao Manzheng played on their discontent and by night forced Yuan Junzhang's hand. Junzhang fled to the Turks. Gao Manzheng handed the city over to Tang. An edict appointed him Governor of Shuozhou and enfeoffed him as Duke of Rong. Yuan Junzhang led the Turks to storm Mayi, killed Gao Manzheng, and wiped out his followers. He then withdrew to hold Heng'an. Most of his followers were Chinese subjects, and many deserted him. Reduced to desperation, Yuan Junzhang surrendered and asked to be posted on the frontier to redeem his crimes.
19
高祖遣雁門人元普賜金券，會頡利亦召之，意猶豫。 子孝政諫曰：「大人許唐降，又貳頡利，自取亡也。 今糧盡眾攜，不即決，恐衿肘變生，孝政不忍見禍之酷也！」 即單騎南奔，君璋喻返之，召眾與議。 恒安人郭子威曰：「恒安故王者都，山川足以自固，突厥方強，我援之，可觀天下變，何遽降？」 君璋然之，執元普送突厥，頡利德之，遣以錦裘羊馬。 其下怨，投書於門曰：「不早附唐，父子誅。」 孝政懼，欲自歸，為君璋所拘。 與突厥寇馬邑，犯太原，邊人苦之。 見頡利政亂，知將亡，遂率所部降，頡利追，擊走其兵。
Emperor Gaozu sent Yuan Pu of Yanmen to present a gold bond of safe conduct. At the same time Khan Jieli summoned him as well, and Yuan Junzhang wavered between the two. His son Yuan Xiaozheng admonished him, saying, "Father, you pledged yourself to Tang, yet now you hedge toward Jieli. You are courting your own ruin. Our provisions are gone and the men are falling away. If you do not act now, I fear disaster will strike at any moment. I cannot bear to watch such ruin overtake us! He spurred his horse south alone to defect. Yuan Junzhang sent after him and called the leaders together for counsel. Guo Ziwei of Heng'an said, "This was once a royal capital. The terrain is strong enough to hold. The Turks are at their height—we need only stand with them and watch how the empire turns. Why rush to surrender? Yuan Junzhang agreed, seized Yuan Pu, and handed him over to the Turks. Jieli was pleased and sent him brocade robes, sheep, and horses in reward. His men grew resentful and nailed a placard to the gate: "Because you would not submit to Tang in time, father and son will be put to death. Yuan Xiaozheng, in fear, tried to defect on his own but Yuan Junzhang had him detained. He joined the Turks in raiding Mayi and striking at Taiyuan, and the frontier people groaned under the devastation. When he saw that Jieli's rule was collapsing and knew the Turks were finished, he led his followers in surrender. Jieli pursued and routed his rear guard.
20
入朝，拜安州都督，封芮國公，食五百戶，賜帛四千匹。 君璋不曉書，然天資習事，歷職有惠稱。 貞觀中，卒。
He came to court and was appointed Governor of Anzhou, enfeoffed as Duke of Rui with a fief of five hundred households, and granted four thousand bolts of silk. Yuan Junzhang could not read, yet he had a natural knack for affairs of state, and in every office he won a reputation for fair dealing. He died during the Zhenguan reign.
21
羅藝，字子廷，襄州襄陽人，家京兆之雲陽。 父榮，隋監門將軍。 藝剛愎不仁，勇攻戰，善用槊。 大業中，以戰力補虎賁郎將。 遼東之役，李景以武衛大將軍督饟北平，詔藝以兵屬，分部嚴一。 然任氣，嘗慢侮景，頻為景辱。
Luo Yi, courtesy name Ziting, was a native of Xiangyang in Xiangzhou, though his family had settled in Yunyang in the Jingzhao region. His father Luo Rong had been a gate guard general of the Sui. Luo Yi was stubborn and harsh, fierce in battle, and a master of the spear. During the Daye era he was appointed a lieutenant of the Tiger Guard for his fighting prowess. During the Liaodong campaign, Li Jing served as Grand General of the Martial Guard directing supplies at Beiping. An edict placed Luo Yi's troops under his command, and Yi enforced strict discipline throughout the ranks. But he was proud and willful and often treated Li Jing with contempt, for which Li Jing repeatedly humiliated him.
22
天下盜起，涿郡號富饒，伐遼兵仗多在，而倉{廣寺}盈羨，又臨朔宮多珍寶，屯師且數萬，苦盜賊侵掠，留守將趙什住、賀蘭誼、晉文衍等不能支。 藝捍寇，數破卻之，勇常冠軍，為諸將忌畏。 藝陰自計，因出師，詭說眾曰：「吾軍討賊數有功，而食乏。 官粟若山，而留守不賑恤，豈安人強眾意邪？」 士皆怨。 既還，郡丞出郊謁，藝執之，陳兵入，什住等懼，爭聽命。 藝即發庫貲賜戰士，倉粟給窮人，境內大悅。 殺異己者渤海太守唐祎等，威動北邊，柳城、懷遠並歸附。 黜柳城太守楊林甫，改郡曰營州，以襄平太守鄧皓為總管，藝自稱幽州總管。
Rebellion spread across the empire. Zhuo Commandery was famed for its wealth—the arms stockpiled for the Liaodong campaign lay there, and the granaries brimmed with grain. The nearby Shuogong Palace held treasures beyond count, and tens of thousands of troops were encamped in the region, yet they were harried by bandits. The garrison commanders Zhao Shizhu, Helan Yi, Jin Wenyian, and others could not cope. Luo Yi fought off the raiders again and again, his valor unmatched among the commanders. The other generals both envied and feared him. Luo Yi plotted in secret. On one campaign he deceived his men, saying, "We have won victory after victory against the bandits, yet we are starving. The government granaries are piled like hills, yet the garrison commanders refuse to open them. Is this how they mean to keep the people safe and the army strong? The troops were furious. When the army returned, the assistant prefect came out to greet them. Luo Yi seized him, marched in with arms displayed, and Zhao Shizhu and the others, terrified, scrambled to obey his orders. Luo Yi opened the storehouses at once, rewarded his soldiers, and distributed grain to the destitute. The whole region erupted in joy. He killed those who opposed him, including Bohai Prefect Tang Yi. His power shook the northern frontier, and Liucheng and Huaiyuan both submitted to him. He deposed Liucheng Prefect Yang Linfu, renamed the commandery Yingzhou, appointed Xiangping Prefect Deng Hao as chief commandant, and styled himself Governor of Youzhou.
23
宇文化及至山東，遣使招藝，藝曰：「我隋舊臣，今大行顛覆，義不辱於賊。」 斬使者，為煬帝發喪三日。 時竇建德、高開道亦遣使於藝，藝謂官屬曰：「建德等皆劇賊，不足共功名，唐公起兵據關中，民望所系，王業必成，吾決歸之。 敢異議者戮！」 會張道源撫輯山東，亦諭藝降，武德二年，乃奉表以地歸。 詔封燕王，賜姓，豫屬籍。 數與建德戰，多所禽馘。 秦王擊劉黑闥，高祖詔藝弟監門將軍壽以兵從，藝自率眾數萬破劉什善、張君立於徐河。 黑闥引突厥入寇，藝復以兵與皇太子建成會洺州，遂請入朝。 帝厚禮之，拜左翊衛大將軍。
When Yu Wenhuaji reached Shandong he sent envoys to win Luo Yi over. Luo Yi replied, "I am a loyal servant of the Sui. The dynasty lies in ruins—I will not endure insult from a rebel. He executed the envoys and observed three days of mourning for Emperor Yang. Dou Jiande and Gao Kaidao also sent envoys. Luo Yi told his staff, "Jiande and his ilk are nothing but fierce bandits, unfit to share in great deeds. The Duke of Tang has raised his banner in Guanzhong, where the people's hopes rest. His cause is certain to triumph. I have decided to join him. Whoever disagrees—off with his head! Zhang Daoyuan was then pacifying Shandong and likewise urged him to submit. In the second year of Wude, Luo Yi presented a memorial offering his territory to Tang. An edict enfeoffed him as King of Yan, granted him the imperial surname, and enrolled him in the clan register. He fought Dou Jiande repeatedly and took many prisoners and heads. When the Prince of Qin campaigned against Liu Heidan, Emperor Gaozu ordered Luo Yi's younger brother, gate guard general Luo Shou, to join the army. Luo Yi himself led tens of thousands of men and at the Xu River defeated Liu Shishan and Zhang Junli. When Liu Heidan brought the Turks in to raid, Luo Yi again marched with Crown Prince Li Jiancheng to Mingzhou. He then asked permission to come to court. The emperor received him with great honor and appointed him Left Wing Guard Grand General.
24
藝負其功，且貴重不少屈，秦王左右嘗至其營，藝{疒只}辱之。 高祖怒，以屬吏，久乃釋。 時突厥放橫，藉藝威名欲憚虜，詔以本官領天節軍將，鎮涇州。
Luo Yi swaggered over his achievements and, proud of his rank, rarely humbled himself. When attendants of the Prince of Qin visited his camp, Luo Yi publicly humiliated them. Emperor Gaozu was furious and turned him over to the judicial authorities. Only after a long interval was he released. The Turks were then running wild on the frontier. The court hoped to use Luo Yi's name to intimidate them and ordered him, in his former rank, to command the Tianjie Army and garrison Jingzhou.
25
太宗即位，進開府儀同三司。 藝內懼，乃圖反，詭言閱武。 兵既集，稱被密詔入朝，軍至豳，治中趙慈皓出謁，遂據州。 帝命長孫無忌、尉遲敬德擊之，未至，慈皓與統軍楊岌謀誅藝，藝覺，執慈皓。 岌居外，即攻之，藝敗，棄妻子，從數百騎奔突厥。 抵寧州，騎稍亡，左右斬之，傳首，梟於都市。 壽時為利州都督，亦及誅。
When Emperor Taizong took the throne, Luo Yi was promoted to Grand Master of Splendor with Golden Seal and Purple Girdle. Luo Yi was inwardly terrified and plotted rebellion, announcing under false pretenses that he would hold a military review. Once the troops were assembled, he claimed he had received a secret edict summoning him to court and marched to Bin Prefecture. When Assistant Governor Zhao Cihao came out to greet him, Luo Yi seized the city. The emperor dispatched Zhangsun Wuji and Yuchi Jingde against him. Before they arrived, Zhao Cihao and the army commander Yang Ji plotted to assassinate Luo Yi. Luo Yi discovered the plot and seized Zhao Cihao. Yang Ji, stationed outside the city, attacked at once. Luo Yi was defeated. He abandoned his wife and children and fled to the Turks with only a few hundred horsemen. At Ningzhou his followers dwindled away. His own men cut off his head and sent it in. It was displayed on the execution ground in the capital. His brother Luo Shou, who was then Governor of Lizhou, was executed as well.
26
先是，濟陰女子李，自言通鬼道，能愈疾，四方惑之，詔取致京師。 嘗往來藝家，謂藝妻孟曰：「妃相貴，當母天下。」 孟令視藝，又曰：「妃之貴由於王，貴色且發。」 藝妻信之，亦贊以反，既敗，與李皆斬。
Earlier, a woman of Jiyin surnamed Li had claimed to traffic with spirits and cure disease. People flocked to her from every direction until an edict summoned her to the capital. She frequented Luo Yi's household and told his wife Lady Meng, "Your features mark you for greatness. You are destined to be empress. Lady Meng had her read Luo Yi's face as well. The woman said, "Your ladyship's glory flows from your husband. The signs of greatness are already rising in him." Luo Yi's wife believed her and urged her husband to rebel. After his defeat, both she and the woman Li were beheaded.
27
王君廓，并州石艾人。 少孤貧，為駔儈，無行，善盜。 嘗負竹笱如魚具，內置逆刺，見鬻繒者，以笱囊其頭，不可脫，乃奪繒去，而主不辨也，鄉里患之。
Wang Junguo was a native of Shiai in Bingzhou. Orphaned and poor in his youth, he worked as a horse broker. He was a man of no principle and an accomplished thief. He once carried a bamboo fish basket lined with hidden spikes. Spotting a silk merchant, he dropped the basket over the man's head so that it could not be pulled off, then made off with the silk while the victim could not see who had robbed him. The neighborhood lived in dread of him.
28
大業末，欲聚兵為盜，請與叔俱，不從，乃誣鄰人通叔母者，與叔共殺之，遂皆亡命。 眾稍集，掠夏、長平。 河東丞丁榮拒之，且遣使慰召。 君廓見使，謬為欲歸首者。 榮輕之，因陳兵登山，君廓悉伏甲山谷中。 榮軍還，掩擊，破之。 又與賊韋寶、鄧豹等掠虞鄉，宋老生與戰，君廓不利，保方山，老生列營迫之。 君郭糧盡，詐請降，與老生隔澗語，祈請哀到。 老生為感動，稍緩之，君廓一昔遁去。
Near the end of the Daye era he planned to raise a band of robbers and asked his uncle to join him. When the uncle refused, he falsely accused a neighbor of sleeping with his uncle's wife, persuaded his uncle to help kill the man, and then both fled into hiding. His following slowly grew, and they raided through Xia and Changping. Ding Rong, assistant prefect of Hedong, resisted him but also sent envoys to win him over with promises. Wang Junguo received the envoy and pretended he wished to submit. Ding Rong underestimated him and marched his troops up the heights. Wang Junguo had armed men lying in wait throughout the valleys. When Ding Rong's force withdrew, Wang Junguo sprang the ambush and routed them. He joined the bandits Wei Bao and Deng Bao in raiding Yuxiang. Song Laosheng gave battle. Wang Junguo was hard pressed and fell back to Mount Fang. Song Laosheng camped close around him. Wang Junguo's provisions ran out. He feigned a wish to surrender and called across the stream to Song Laosheng, pleading with such anguish that his voice broke. Song Laosheng was touched and eased his pressure. In a single night Wang Junguo slipped away.
29
高祖兵起，召之，不從。 歸李密，密不甚禮，乃歸國。 授上柱國、假河內太守、常山郡公，遷遼州刺史，徙封上谷，從戰東都有功，為右武衛將軍。 詔勞之曰：「爾以十三人破賊萬，自古以少制眾，無有也！」 賜雜彩百段。 別下軒轅、羅川二縣，破世充將魏隱，擊糧道緱氏，沈米艘三十柁。
When Emperor Gaozu raised his army, he summoned Wang Junguo, who refused to come. He went over to Li Mi, who treated him coldly, and then submitted to Tang. He was appointed Upper Pillar of State, acting governor of Henei, and Duke of Changshan, then transferred to Governor of Liaozhou and re-enfeoffed in Shanggu. He followed the eastern capital campaign with distinction and was made Right Martial Guard General. An edict praised him: "You routed ten thousand rebels with thirteen men. Never in history has so small a force overcome so large. He was granted one hundred bolts of patterned silk. He separately reduced Xuanyuan and Luochuan counties, defeated Wang Shichong's general Wei Yin, struck the grain route at Jian, and sank thirty supply barges.
30
進爵彭國公，鎮幽州。 擊突厥，俘斬二千，獲馬五千匹。 入朝，帝賜所乘馬，令自廷中乘以出，謂侍臣曰：「昔藺相如叱秦王，目眥皆烈。 君廓往擊建德，李勣遏之，至發憤大呼，鼻耳皆流血，其勇何特古人哉！ 朕當不以例賞。」 乃賜錦袍金帶，還幽州。
He was advanced to Duke of Peng and stationed at Youzhou. He campaigned against the Turks, capturing and killing two thousand men and seizing five thousand horses. He came to court. The emperor gave him the horse he himself had been riding and told him to mount in the hall and ride out before the court. He said to his ministers, "Long ago Lin Xiangru faced down the King of Qin until his eyes blazed with fury. When Wang Junguo fought Dou Jiande, Li Ji had to hold him back. He raged and shouted until blood ran from his nose and ears. What ancient hero matched such fury? I will not reward him by the ordinary standard. He granted him a brocade robe and gold belt and sent him back to Youzhou.
31
會大都督廬江王瑗反，欲奪君廓兵以委王詵。 君廓本紿瑗使亂為己功，乃從數騎候詵，留騎於外，曰：「聞呼聲則入。」 乃獨款詵，詐曰：「有急變，當白！」 詵方沐，握發出，即斬之，因執瑗。 以功授幽州都督，瑗家口悉賜之，進左光祿大夫，賜帛千段。
When the Grand Commander, Prince of Lujiang Li Yuan, rebelled, he tried to strip Wang Junguo of his command and hand the troops to Wang Chen. Wang Junguo had originally tricked Li Yuan into rebellion so that he might claim the credit for putting it down. He rode with a few followers to visit Wang Chen, leaving his men outside with orders to rush in at the sound of a cry." At my shout, come in." He entered alone and said urgently, "There is an emergency—I must report it!" Wang Chen was bathing. Wang Junguo seized him by the hair as he came out and cut off his head, then took Li Yuan prisoner. For this feat he was appointed Governor of Youzhou. Li Yuan's entire household was given to him as slaves. He was promoted to Left Grand Master of Splendor and granted one thousand bolts of silk.
32
居職不守法度，長史李玄道數以法繩督，猜惑不自安。 會被召，至渭南，殺驛史，亡奔突厥，野人斬之。 太宗顧前功，為收葬，待其家如初。 御史大夫溫彥博奏：「君廓叛臣，不宜食封邑，有司失所宜言。」 乃貶為庶人。
In office he scorned the law. His chief clerk Li Xuandao repeatedly held him to account. Wang Junguo grew suspicious and uneasy. When he was summoned to court, he reached Weinan, murdered the post-station clerk, and fled toward the Turks. Frontier tribesmen cut off his head. Emperor Taizong, mindful of his past service, had him buried with honor and treated his family as before. Censor-in-chief Wen Yanbo submitted: "Wang Junguo was a traitor. He ought not to retain his fief. The officials failed to speak as they should. His title was accordingly stripped and he was reduced to commoner status.