1
崔鄧魏衛李韓盧高
Cui, Deng, Wei, Wei, Li Cheng, Han, Lu, and Gao
2
崔光遠，系出博陵，後徙靈昌。 祖敬嗣，嗜酒摴博。 中宗在房州，吏多肆慢不為禮，敬嗣為刺史，獨盡誠推奉，儲給豐衍，帝德之。 及反正，有與敬嗣同姓名者，每擬官，帝輒超拜，後召見，悟非是。 訪真敬嗣，已死，即授其子汪五品官。 汪生光遠，勇決任氣，長六尺，瞳子白黑分明。 開元末，為唐安令，與楊國忠善，累遷京兆少尹，為吐蕃吊祭使，還，會玄宗西狩，詔留光遠為京兆尹、西京留守、采訪使。 乘輿已出，都人亂，火左藏大盈庫，爭輦財珍，至乘驢入宮殿者。 光遠乃募官攝府、縣，誰何宮闕，斬十數人，乃定。 因偽使其子東見祿山，而祿山先署張休為京兆尹，由是追休，授光遠故官。 俄而同羅背賊，以廄馬二千出奔，賊將孫孝哲、安神威招之不得，神威憂死，官吏驚走，獄囚皆逸。 光遠以為賊且走，命人守神威、孝哲等第，斬曳落河二人。 孝哲馳白祿山，光遠懼，與長安令蘇震出開遠門，使人奔呼曰：「尹巡門！」 門兵具器仗迎謁，至，皆斬之，募得百餘人，遂趨靈武。 肅宗嘉之，擢拜御史大夫，復為京兆尹，遣到渭北募僑民。 會賊黨剽涇陽，休祠房，椎牛呼飲。 光遠刺知之，率兵夜趨其所，使百騎彀滿狙其前，命驍士合噪。 賊醉，不能師，斬其徒二千，得馬千噭，俘一酋長以獻。 自是，賊常避其鋒。 扈帝還，改禮部尚書、鄴國公，封實戶三百。
Cui Guangyuan's clan came from Boling and later relocated to Lingchang. His grandfather Jingsi was devoted to wine and games of chance. While Emperor Zhongzong was confined at Fangzhou, local officials were mostly insolent and showed him no courtesy; Jingsi alone, as prefect, served him with wholehearted devotion and kept the stores abundantly supplied, for which the emperor was deeply grateful. After the restoration, there was a man who shared Jingsi's name; whenever an appointment was proposed, the emperor would repeatedly promote him by special decree. When he was later summoned for an audience, the emperor realized this was not the right man. They sought out the real Jingsi, found he was already dead, and at once granted his son Wang a fifth-rank post. Wang fathered Guangyuan, a man bold and decisive who trusted his own force of will; he stood six feet tall, with pupils whose white and black were sharply distinct. At the end of the Kaiyuan era he served as magistrate of Tang'an, was on good terms with Yang Guozhong, and rose repeatedly to vice governor of Jingzhao. Sent as mourning envoy to Tibet, he returned just as Emperor Xuanzong fled west; he was ordered to remain as governor of Jingzhao, custodian of the western capital, and investigation commissioner. The imperial carriage had already departed, the capital was in turmoil, fire broke out at the Left Repository of the Great Abundance Vault, and people fought over cartloads of treasure—even riding donkeys into the palace halls. Guangyuan then recruited officials to act for the prefecture and counties, posted guards at the palace precincts, and beheaded more than ten men before order was restored. He therefore pretended to send his son east to see An Lushan, but Lushan had already appointed Zhang Xiu governor of Jingzhao; Xiu was recalled for this, and Guangyuan was given his former post. Soon the Tongluo turned against the rebels and fled with two thousand stable horses. The rebel generals Sun Xiaozhe and An Shenwei could not win them over; Shenwei died of grief; officials fled in alarm, and all the prisoners escaped. Guangyuan thought the rebels were about to flee; he had men guard the residences of Shenwei, Xiaozhe, and the others, and beheaded two Tiele guards. Xiaozhe galloped to report to Lushan. Guangyuan was afraid; he went with Chang'an magistrate Su Zhen out through Kaiyuan Gate and had men run ahead shouting, "The governor is inspecting the gate!" The gate soldiers came out with weapons to receive him; when they arrived, he beheaded them all, recruited more than a hundred men, and hastened toward Lingwu. Emperor Suzong praised this, promoted him to censor-in-chief, again made him governor of Jingzhao, and sent him north of the Wei to recruit displaced people. When rebel bands raided Jingyang, Zhang Xiu sacrificed in a shrine, slaughtered oxen, and feasted with loud shouting. Guangyuan learned of it through spies, led troops by night toward their camp, stationed a hundred horsemen with drawn bows to ambush them in front, and ordered his fiercest soldiers to shout in unison. The rebels were drunk and could not form ranks; he beheaded two thousand of their followers, took a thousand neighing horses, and presented one chieftain as prisoner. From then on the rebels regularly avoided his sharp edge. Escorting the emperor back, he was made minister of rites and Duke of Ye, with three hundred taxable households as his fief.
3
乾元元年，繇汴州刺史代蕭華為魏州節度使。 初，郭子儀與賊戰汲郡，光遠裁率汴師千人援之，不甚力。 及守魏，使將軍李處拒賊，子儀不救，戰不勝，奔還，賊因傅城下詭呼曰：「處召我而不出，何也？」 光遠信之，斬處。 處善戰，眾倚以為重，及死，人益危。 魏城經袁知泰、能元皓等完築，牢甚，光遠不能守，夜潰圍出，奔京師。 帝赦其罪，拜太子少保。 會襄州將康楚元、張嘉延反，陷荊、襄諸州，因拜持節荊、襄招討，充山南東道兵馬都使。 又徙鳳翔尹。 先是，岐、隴賊郭愔等掠州縣，峙五堡，光遠至，遣官喻降之。 既而沈飲不親事，愔等陰約党項及奴剌、突厥，敗韋倫於秦、隴，殺監軍使。 帝怒光遠無狀，召還。 復使節度劍南。 會段子璋反東川，李奐敗走成都，光遠進討平之。 然不能禁士卒剽掠士女，至斷腕取金者，夷殺數千人。 帝詔監軍按其罪，以憂卒。
In the first year of Qianyuan, he went from governor of Bianzhou to replace Xiao Hua as military governor of Weizhou. Earlier, when Guo Ziyi fought the rebels at Ji Commandery, Guangyuan had led only a thousand Bian troops to his aid and had not exerted himself greatly. When he was defending Wei, he sent the general Li Chu to resist the rebels; Ziyi did not rescue him; the battle was lost and Chu fled back. The rebels then spread a false call below the walls: "Chu summoned us and will not come out—why?" Guangyuan believed it and beheaded Chu. Chu was skilled in battle and the troops relied on him as their mainstay; when he died, the men grew still more fearful. The city of Wei had been fully fortified by Yuan Zhitai, Neng Yuanhao, and others and was very strong; Guangyuan could not hold it, broke the siege by night and fled out, and ran to the capital. The emperor pardoned his offense and appointed him grand guardian of the heir apparent. When the Xiangzhou generals Kang Chuyuan and Zhang Jiayan rebelled and seized the Jing and Xiang prefectures, he was appointed commissioner with credentials for Jing-Xiang pacification and overall commander of Shannan East Route forces. He was then transferred to governor of Fengxiang. Earlier, the Qishan and Longyou bandits Guo Yin and others had plundered prefectures and counties and held five fortified camps; when Guangyuan arrived, he sent officials to persuade them to surrender. Later he sank into drink and neglected affairs; Yin and the rest secretly allied with the Tangut, Nulu, and Turks, defeated Wei Lun in Qin and Long, and killed the army supervisor. The emperor was angry that Guangyuan had behaved without restraint and summoned him back. He was again sent to command Jiannan. When Duan Zizhang rebelled in Dongchuan and Li Huan was defeated and fled to Chengdu, Guangyuan advanced, attacked, and pacified him. Yet he could not restrain his soldiers from plundering men and women—even cutting off wrists to take gold—and he barbarously killed several thousand. The emperor ordered the army supervisor to investigate his crimes; he died of anxiety.
4
鄧景山，曹州人。 本以文吏進，累至監察御史。 至德初，擢拜青齊節度使，徙淮南。 為政簡肅。 有鼉集城門，鄧珽語景山曰：「鼉介物也。 失所次，金不從革之象。 其有兵乎？」 未幾，宋州刺史劉殿反。 初，展有異志，淮西節度使王仲昇表其狀，詔遷揚州長史兼江淮都統，密詔景山執送京師。 展知之，擁兵二萬度淮。 景山逆擊不勝，奔壽州，因引平盧節度副使田神功討展。 神功兵至揚州，大掠居人，發冢墓，大食、波斯賈胡死者數千人。 展叛凡三月平，追景山入朝，拜尚書左丞，以崔圓代之。
Deng Jingshan was a native of Caozhou. He had originally entered through the civil-service track and rose to investigating censor. At the beginning of the Zhide era he was promoted to military governor of Qing and Qi, then transferred to Huainan. His administration was simple and austere. A crocodile gathered at the city gate. Deng Ting said to Jingshan, "The crocodile is a scaled creature. Out of its proper place—an omen of metal not yielding to change. Does this portend warfare?" Before long, Songzhou prefect Liu Dian rebelled. Earlier Liu Zhan had harbored a different intent; Huainan West military governor Wang Zhongsheng memorialized his conduct; the emperor ordered him moved to Yangzhou chief administrator and concurrent commander of Jiang-Huai, with a secret edict to Jingshan to arrest him and send him to the capital. Zhan learned of it and led twenty thousand troops across the Huai. Jingshan met him in attack and was defeated; he fled to Shouzhou and then brought in Pinglu deputy military governor Tian Shenggong to attack Zhan. When Shenggong's army reached Yangzhou, they greatly plundered the inhabitants and opened graves; several thousand Sogdian and Persian merchants were among the dead. Zhan's rebellion was pacified in about three months; Jingshan was recalled to court, appointed left vice director of the Department of State Affairs, and Cui Yuan replaced him.
5
王思禮在太原，儲廥贏衍，請輸半以實京師。 會卒，管崇嗣代之，政弛不治，數月，為下盜費略盡。 帝聞，即以景山為太原尹，封南陽郡公。 至則振核紀綱，檢覆幹隱，眾大懼。 而景山清約，子弟饌不過草具，用器止烏漆，待上賓惟豚、魚而已，取倉粟紅腐者食之，兼給麾下，麾下怨訕。 左右白景山，景山曰：「此不食，留將安用邪？」 因慢罵，士皆羞忿。 有裨校抵死，諸將請贖，不許； 其弟請代，不許； 請納一馬贖，景山乃許減死。 眾怒曰：「吾屬命才一馬直乎？」 景山護失，叱遣之。 少將黃抱節因眾怒作亂，景山遇害，時寶應元年也。 肅宗以其統馭失方，不復究驗，遣使喻撫其軍，軍中請辛雲京為節度，詔可。 景山與劉晏善，其後家寒窶，晏屢經紀之，嫁其孤女。 謚曰敬。
Wang Silun was at Taiyuan with granaries full and overflowing; he requested shipping half the stores to fill the capital. He soon died; Guan Chongsi replaced him; government grew slack and was not put in order; within months theft and waste by the lower ranks had nearly exhausted everything. When the emperor heard of this, he at once made Jingshan governor of Taiyuan and enfeoffed him as Duke of Nanyang. On arrival he shook up discipline and regulations and investigated concealed abuses; the masses were greatly afraid. Yet Jingshan was frugal and abstemious: his sons and brothers' meals were no more than humble fare, his vessels were only black lacquer, and for honored guests he served only pork and fish. He took red rotten grain from the granary to eat and also gave it to his subordinates, who grumbled in ridicule. His attendants informed Jingshan; Jingshan said, "If we won't eat this, what will we keep it for? He then reviled them with contempt, and the soldiers were all ashamed and furious. A staff officer was guilty of a capital offense; the generals asked to redeem him—not permitted; his younger brother asked to take his place—not permitted; they asked to offer one horse in ransom; only then did Jingshan permit commutation from death. The crowd raged, saying, "Are our lives worth only one horse?" Jingshan, protective of his error, shouted and sent them away. The junior general Huang Baojie stirred up the crowd's anger and made a revolt; Jingshan met his death—it was the first year of Baoying. Emperor Suzong, because Jingshan had lost control, did not pursue the matter further; he sent envoys to pacify the army, and the army requested Xin Yunjing as military governor—the edict approved. Jingshan was friendly with Liu Yan; afterward his family was poor and needy, and Yan repeatedly managed affairs for him and married off his orphaned daughter. His posthumous title was Jing.
6
崔瓘，博陵人，以士行修謹聞。 累官至澧州刺史，不為煩苛，人便安之，流亡還歸，居二年，增戶數萬。 詔特進五階，以寵異政。 大歷中，遷湖南觀察使，時將吏習寬弛，不奉法，瓘稍以禮法繩裁之，下多怨。 別將臧玠、判官達奚覯忿爭，覯曰：「今幸無事。」 玠曰：「欲有事邪？」 拂衣去，是夜以兵殺覯。 瓘聞難，惶懼走，遇害，帝悼惜之。
Cui Guan, a man of Boling, was known for cultivated conduct and careful propriety. He rose through offices to prefect of Li; he was not troublesome or severe; people found him convenient and settled; exiles returned; in two years households increased by tens of thousands. An edict specially advanced him five steps in rank to reward his distinctive administration. In the Dali era he was transferred to Hunan observation commissioner; at the time generals and clerks were accustomed to laxness and did not obey the law; Guan gradually restrained them with ritual and law, and those below bore much resentment. The deputy commander Zang Jie and the judicial officer Dazi Gun quarreled in anger; Gun said, "We are fortunate to have no trouble now." Jie said, "Do you want there to be trouble?" He flung his robe and left; that night he killed Gun with troops. Guan heard of the calamity, fled in panic, and met his death; the emperor mourned and prized him.
7
魏少遊，字少遊，邢州鉅鹿人，以吏幹稱。 天寶末，累遷朔方水陸轉運副使。 肅宗幸靈武，杜鴻漸等奉迎，而留少遊繕治宮室。 少遊大為殿宇幄帟，皆象宮闕，諸王、公主悉有次舍，供擬窮水陸。 又有千餘騎，鎧幟光鮮，振旅以入。 帝見宮殿，不悅曰：「我至此欲就大事，安用是為？」 稍命去之。 除左司郎中。 兩京平，封鉅鹿縣侯，遷陜州刺史。 王師潰於鄴，河、洛震駭，少遊鎮守自若。 擢京兆尹。 李輔國以其不附己，改衛尉卿。 會率群臣馬助軍，少遊與漢中王瑀持異，帝怒，貶渠州長史。 復為京兆尹，始請：「中書門下省五品、尚書省四品、諸司正員三品、諸王、駙馬期以上親及婿若甥，不得任京兆官。」 詔可。 大歷二年，為江西觀察使，進刑部尚書，改封趙國公。 六年卒，贈太子太師。
Wei Shaoyou, styled Shaoyou, was a man of Julu in Xingzhou, famed for competence as an administrative officer. At the end of the Tianbao era he rose repeatedly to deputy commissioner for Shuo-fang water and land transport. When Emperor Suzong reached Lingwu, Du Hongjian and others went to welcome him, while Shaoyou was left to repair the palaces. Shaoyou greatly built halls and curtains patterned after the palace precincts; all the princes and princesses had their lodging in turn; provisions were exhausted over land and water. There were also more than a thousand riders, armor and banners bright and fresh, entering in martial array. The emperor saw the palaces and was displeased, saying, "I came here to accomplish the great affair—what need is there for this? He then gradually ordered it removed. He was appointed left department vice director. When the two capitals were pacified, he was enfeoffed as marquis of Julu and transferred to governor of Shanzhou. When imperial armies were routed at Ye, the Yellow and Luo regions were shaken with terror; Shaoyou held his post calmly as before. He was promoted to governor of Jingzhao. Li Fuguo, because he did not attach himself to him, changed him to chamberlain for the guard. At an assembly where the court led horses to aid the armies, Shaoyou differed with Prince of Hanzhong Wang Yu; the emperor was angry and demoted him to chief administrator of Quzhou. Again made governor of Jingzhao, he first requested: "Fifth rank of the Secretariat-Chancellery, fourth rank of the Department of State Affairs, regular third rank in the various bureaus, princes, and sons-in-law of the emperor at first rank and above and their sons-in-law or nephews may not hold Jingzhao office." The edict approved. In the second year of Dali he was Jiangxi observation commissioner, promoted to minister of justice, and his enfeoffment was changed to Duke of Zhao. In the sixth year he died; he was posthumously made grand preceptor of the heir apparent.
8
少遊四為京兆，雖無赫赫名，然善任人，緣飾規檢，有足稱者。
Shaoyou served four terms as Jingzhao governor; though he had no towering reputation, he was good at employing men and adorning regulations and inspections, and had points worth praising.
9
澄引兵將取汴，屯其北門不敢進，及劉洽師屯東門，賊將田懷珍納之。 比澄入，洽已保子城矣。 澄乃舍浚儀，兩軍士日爭忿，未能安。 會鄭州賊將孫液送款於澄，澄遣子清馳赴。 先此，河陽李芃使偏將雍希顥攻鄭，數殘剽，液拒之。 及納清，希顥大怒，急攻鄭。 清助守，殺河陽兵數千，希顥焚陽武去，澄遂如鄭。 詔授清檢校太子賓客，易名克寧。 貞元初，遷澄檢校尚書左僕射、義成軍節度使。 二年卒，年五十四，贈司空。 澄始封隴西公，後乃進王爵，每上章，必疊署二封，士大夫笑其野。
Li Cheng led troops intending to take Bian, camped at its north gate and dared not advance; when Liu He's army camped at the east gate, the rebel general Tian Huaizhen surrendered to him. By the time Cheng entered, He had already held the inner city. Cheng then abandoned Junyi; the soldiers of the two armies quarreled daily in resentment and could not settle down. When Zhengzhou rebel general Sun Ye sent terms to Cheng, Cheng sent his son Qing galloping to respond. Before this, Li Peng of Heyang had sent his deputy Yong Xixian to attack Zheng, repeatedly raiding with cruelty; Ye resisted him. When Qing was received, Xixian was greatly angered and urgently attacked Zheng. Qing helped defend, killed several thousand Heyang troops; Xixian burned Yangwu and left; Cheng then went to Zheng. An edict appointed Qing acting guest of the heir apparent and changed his name to Kening. At the beginning of the Zhenyuan era, Cheng was made acting left vice director of the Department of State Affairs and military governor of the Yicheng army. In the second year he died at the age of fifty-four and was posthumously made minister of works. Cheng was first enfeoffed as Duke of Longxi and later advanced to princely rank; whenever he submitted a memorial he would sign it twice, and the scholar-officials laughed at his rustic manners.
10
澄之喪，克寧不發，閱旬日，欲自領事，其行軍司馬馬鉉不許，克寧殺之，墨绖，加卒嬰城，將為亂。 劉洽以兵屯境上，遣使諭止，遂自戢，然道閉者半月。 詔以賈耽代鎮，克寧乃護喪歸，悉索府中財夜出，軍士從剽之殆盡，澄柩至京，猶賜克寧莊一區、錢千緡、粟麥數千石雲。
When Cheng died, Kening did not begin the funeral rites; after ten days he wished to take command himself, but his campaigning deputy Ma Xuan would not permit it, so Kening killed him, wore ink mourning, reinforced the walls with troops, and was about to rebel. Liu He stationed troops on the border and sent envoys to instruct him to stop; Kening then restrained himself, yet the roads remained closed for half a month. An edict appointed Jia Dan to replace him in command; Kening then escorted the coffin home, searched out all the headquarters wealth by night and carried it away, and the soldiers followed in plundering until nearly nothing remained. When Cheng's coffin reached the capital, Kening was still granted an estate, a thousand strings of cash, and several thousand piculs of grain and wheat.
11
韓全義，家素寒，史失其先世。 興卒伍，以巧佞事宦者竇文場，擢累長武城使，進拜夏綏銀宥節度使，詔以長武兵赴之。 全義素懦貪，無紀律，為下靳狎。 詔未下，軍中遍知之，謀曰：「夏州沙磧，無樹蓺生業，不可往。」 是夜，噪而亂，全義縋以逸，殺其親將王棲巖、趙虔曜等，軍虞候高崇文誅亂首，眾乃定，全義得赴屯。
Han Quanyi came from a family that had always been poor, and the histories have lost record of his forebears. He rose from the ranks of soldiers and, through crafty flattery, served the eunuch Dou Wenchang; he was promoted repeatedly to Changwu Fort commander and then to military governor of Xia-Sui-Yin-You, with an edict that Changwu troops go to join him. Quanyi was by nature cowardly and greedy, without discipline, and his subordinates treated him familiarly and slightingly. Before the edict was issued, the whole army already knew of it and plotted among themselves, saying, "Xiazhou is sandy desert, without trees or crops for a livelihood—we cannot go there." That night they clamored and rioted; Quanyi lowered himself by rope and escaped; they killed his close generals Wang Qiyan, Zhao Qianyao, and others; the army adjutant Gao Chongwen executed the ringleaders, and the troops then settled down; Quanyi was able to take up his post.
12
吳少誠以蔡拒命，詔合十七鎮兵討之。 時軍無帥統，惟以奄豎監之，遂敗於小溵。 德宗以文場素為全義地，因用為淮西行營招討使，以陳許節度使上官涚副之，諸鎮兵皆屬。 全義無它方略，號令悉稟監軍，每議攻戰，宦豎十數紛爭帳中，小人好自異，互詆訾不能決。 賊知之，數請戰。 遇賊廣利城，方暑，地沮洳，士皆病癘，全義未嘗存之。 既戰，師皆潰，退保五樓，賊移屯逼之，乃與監軍賈英秀等保溵水，不能固，又入屯陳州。 是時，唯陳許將孟元陽、神策將蘇光榮守溵水，全義誘潞、滑州數大將殺之，然卒不振。 宦人共掩其敗，帝不知。 少誠度無能為，即謾書謝監軍，求洗前咎。 帝下其議，宰相賈耽以為五樓之敗，賊不追者，以冀恩耳，請納其誠。 帝然之。
When Wu Shaocheng defied orders at Cai, an edict combined troops from seventeen circuits to attack him. At the time the army had no commander-in-chief and was supervised only by eunuchs; they were therefore defeated at Xiaoshui. Emperor Dezong, because Wenchang had always been Quanyi's patron, appointed him pacification commissioner for the Huainan West campaign, with Chenxu military governor Shangguan Shui as his deputy; troops from all the circuits were placed under his command. Quanyi had no strategy of his own; all orders were submitted to the army supervisors. Whenever attack and battle were discussed, a dozen eunuchs quarreled in the tent; petty men liked to differ from one another and mutually slandered until no decision could be reached. The rebels knew this and repeatedly offered battle. They met the rebels at Guangli City in midsummer on damp, marshy ground; the soldiers all fell ill with miasma, and Quanyi had never looked after them. Once battle was joined, the armies collapsed; they retreated to hold Wulou; the rebels moved camp to press them; then with army supervisor Jia Yingxiu and others they tried to hold the Wen River but could not secure it and withdrew again to camp at Chenzhou. At this time only Chenxu general Meng Yuanyang and Shence general Su Guangrong held the Wen River; Quanyi enticed and killed several great generals of Lu and Hua prefectures, yet in the end could not recover. The eunuchs together concealed his defeat, and the emperor did not know. Shaocheng judged that Quanyi could do nothing more and at once sent a deceitful letter thanking the army supervisor and asking to be forgiven his former faults. The emperor submitted it for discussion; Chancellor Jia Dan argued that at the defeat at Wulou the rebels had not pursued because they hoped for imperial favor, and he requested accepting their sincerity. The emperor approved.
13
全義班師，過闕下，托疾不入謁。 司馬崔放見帝，謝無功。 帝曰：「全義誘少誠歸國，功大矣！ 何必殺敵乃為功邪？」 還屯夏州，中人即第宴賚，然卒不見天子去。 時恨帝失政，使奸人得肆雲。 憲宗在藩，疾之，既嗣位，全義大懼，願入覲，不復用，以太子少保致仕卒。 其子獻女樂八人，帝不納，曰：「我方以儉治天下，惡用是為？」
Quanyi withdrew the army, passed below the palace gates, feigned illness, and did not enter for an audience. His staff officer Cui Fang saw the emperor and apologized for achieving no merit. The emperor said, "Quanyi enticed Shaocheng to return to allegiance—the merit is great! Why must killing enemies alone count as merit?" He returned to garrison at Xiazhou; eunuchs at once feasted and rewarded him at his residence, yet in the end he departed without ever seeing the Son of Heaven. At the time people resented that the emperor had lost proper government and allowed wicked men to spread freely. When Xianzong was still heir apparent he detested him; once he succeeded to the throne, Quanyi was greatly afraid and wished to enter for an audience, but was not again employed and died after retiring as grand guardian of the heir apparent. His son presented eight female musicians; the emperor did not accept them, saying, "I am just now governing the realm with frugality—what use is there for this?"
14
盧從史，其先在元魏時為盛族，後徙籍不常。 父虔，好學，由進士第歷御史、秘書監。 從史少好騎射，遊澤、潞間，節度使李長榮署為督將。 貞元後，蕃臣缺，德宗必取本軍所喜戴者授之。 從史在潞，奸獪得士心，又善附迎中人，會長榮卒，即擢拜昭義節度副大使。 既得誌，浸恣不道，至奪部將妻，而能辯給粉澤其非。 府屬孔戡等屢以直語爭刺，初唯唯，後益不從，皆引去。 元和中，丁父喪未官，從史即獻計誅王承宗，陰向帝旨，繇是奪服，復領澤、潞。 因詔討賊，而勒兵逗留，陰與承宗交，得其密號授軍中，又高芻粟直以售度支。 即上書求兼宰相，且誣諸軍與賊通，兵未可進。 憲宗患之。
Lu Congshi's forebears had been a great clan in the Northern Wei era; later their household registration moved without a fixed place. His father Qian loved learning, passed the jinshi examination, and served as censor and director of the Palace Library. Congshi in his youth loved riding and archery, wandered between Ze and Lu, and military governor Li Changrong appointed him supervising general. After the Zhenyuan era, when military commissioner posts on the frontier fell vacant, Dezong always appointed whomever the native army delighted in and honored. Congshi was at Lu, crafty and cunning in winning the soldiers' hearts and skilled at attaching himself to eunuchs; when Changrong died, he was at once promoted to Zhaoyi deputy military commissioner. Once he had his wish, he gradually indulged in unbridled conduct, even seizing his officers' wives, yet could argue fluently and whitewash his wrongs. His staff member Kong Kan and others repeatedly used blunt words to dispute and criticize him; at first he assented vaguely, later increasingly ignored them, and all withdrew. In the Yuanhe era, while still in mourning for his father and not yet in office, Congshi at once offered a plan to execute Wang Chengzong, secretly aligning with the emperor's intent; thereby he was released from mourning garments and again took command of Ze and Lu. By edict he was to attack the rebels, yet he held his troops and lingered, secretly communicating with Chengzong, obtaining his secret signals and passing them to the army, and also raised the price of fodder grain to sell to the Department of Revenue. He at once memorialized requesting to serve concurrently as chancellor and slandered the various armies as communicating with the rebels, saying the troops could not yet advance. Xianzong was troubled by him.
15
初，神策中尉吐突承璀與對壘，從史時過其營飲博，承璀多出寶帶、奇玩誇之。 從史資沓猥，所玩悅必遺焉。 從史喜，益狎不疑。 帝用裴垍謀，敕承璀圖之。 承璀伏壯士幕下，伺其來與語，士突起捽持出帳後，縛內車中。 從者驚亂，斬數十人，諭以密詔，而大將烏重胤素忠果，部勒其眾，乃定。 會夜，疾驅，未明出境，道路無知者。 於是五年夏四月，有詔慰其軍，疏從史罪惡，貶州司馬，賜死。 子繼宗等並徙嶺南。
At first Shence commandant Tuoba Chenghuan was encamped opposite him; Congshi would visit his camp to drink and gamble, and Chenghuan often produced precious belts and curious objects to show off to him. Congshi's means were mean and paltry; whatever pleased him he would certainly give away to Chenghuan. Congshi was pleased and grew still more familiar without suspicion. The emperor used Pei Ji's plan and ordered Chenghuan to scheme against him. Chenghuan hid strong men beneath his tent; when Congshi came to converse, the men suddenly rose, seized him, dragged him out behind the tent, bound him, and put him inside a carriage. His followers were alarmed and in disorder; several tens were beheaded and instructed with the secret edict, but the great general Wu Zhongyin, who was by nature loyal and resolute, marshaled the troops, and order was restored. It happened to be night; they drove swiftly and, before dawn, left the border without anyone on the roads knowing. Thereupon in the fifth year, fourth month of summer, an edict comforted his army, set forth Congshi's crimes, demoted him to prefectural staff officer, and granted him death. His sons Jizong and the rest were all banished to Lingnan.
16
高霞寓，幽州范陽人。 其先五代不異居，孝聞裏閭。 德宗初，采訪使洪經綸言之，詔表闕於門。 霞寓能讀《春秋》及兵法，頗以感概自尚，狡譎多變。 往見長武城使高崇文，崇文異其才，檄任軍職。 從擊劉辟，戰輒克，下鹿頭城，降李文悅、仇良輔等，追戰七盤城有功，禽辟於羊灌。 擢拜彭州刺史。 俄代崇文為長武城使，封感義郡王。
Gao Xiayu was a native of Fanyang in Youzhou. His forebears for five generations had not lived apart, and their filial piety was renowned in the neighborhood. At the beginning of Dezong's reign, investigation commissioner Hong Jinglun spoke of this, and an edict set up a commemorative arch at the gate. Xiayu could read the 《Spring and Autumn Annals》 and military manuals, prided himself on passionate resolve, and was crafty and changeable. He went to see Changwu Fort commander Gao Chongwen; Chongwen was struck by his talent and summoned him to a military post. Following the campaign against Liu Pi, he always prevailed in battle; he took Lutou City, received the surrender of Li Wenyue, Qiu Liangfu, and others, distinguished himself in pursuit at Qipan City, and captured Pi at Yangguan. He was promoted and appointed prefect of Pengzhou. Soon he replaced Chongwen as Changwu Fort commander and was enfeoffed as Prince of Ganyi commandery.
17
元和中，以左威衛將軍隨吐突承璀討王承宗，諸將多覆軍，獨霞寓有功，詔藏所獲鎧仗於神策庫以旌之。 承璀已執盧從史，其軍相驚，乃遣霞寓諭之，麾而大呼曰：「元惡縛矣，公等宜自安！」 即脫鎧揖而前，眾遂定，欲留為帥，霞寓間道去。 拜豐州刺史、三城都團練防禦使。
In the Yuanhe era, as left Weiwu guard general he followed Tuoba Chenghuan to attack Wang Chengzong; many generals lost their armies, but Xiayu alone distinguished himself, and an edict stored the armor and weapons he captured in the Shence arsenal to honor him. Chenghuan had already seized Lu Congshi, and Congshi's army was alarmed; he therefore sent Xiayu to instruct them, waving his hand and shouting loudly, "The chief villain is bound—you gentlemen should settle yourselves!" He at once removed his armor, bowed, and advanced; the troops then settled down; they wished to keep him as commander, but Xiayu left by a hidden route. He was appointed prefect of Fengzhou and defender-in-chief of the Three Cities.
18
討吳元濟也，析山南東道為兩鎮，以霞寓宿將，拜唐鄧隋節度使，遏賊南沖。 霞寓雖悍，而寡謀，統制尤非所善，始引兵趨蕭陂，戰小勝，進至文城柵，賊偽北，逐之，為伏所掩，遂大敗，才以身免。 詒貶歸州刺史。 乃厚賂權宦，召為右衛大將軍，拜振武節度使。 會吐蕃攻鹽、豐二州，霞寓以兵五千屯拂雲堆，虜引去。 浚金河，溉鹵地數千頃。 改左武衛大將軍，又節度邠寧，位檢校司徒。 寶歷中，疽發首，不能事，以右金吾衛大將軍召，卒於道，贈太保。
In the campaign against Wu Yuanji, Shannan East Route was divided into two commands; because Xiayu was a veteran general, he was appointed military governor of Tang-Deng-Sui to block the rebels' southern thrust. Xiayu, though fierce, was poor in planning and especially unskilled in command; he first led troops toward Xiaobo and won a small victory, then advanced to Wencheng Stockade; the rebels feigned a retreat northward, he pursued them into an ambush, suffered a great defeat, and barely escaped with his life. He was nominally demoted to prefect of Guizhou. He then bribed powerful eunuchs heavily, was recalled as right guard grand general, and appointed military governor of Zhenwu. When the Tibetans attacked Yan and Feng prefectures, Xiayu camped five thousand troops at Fuyun Mound and the barbarians withdrew. He dredged the Golden River and irrigated several thousand qing of saline land. He was changed to left Wuwei guard grand general, again commanded Binning, and held the post of acting minister of education. In the Baoli era an abscess broke out on his head and he could not attend to affairs; he was recalled as right Golden Crow guard grand general, died on the road, and was posthumously made grand preceptor.
19
霞寓位既高，言多不遜，帝欲罷其兵，益自憂，乃上私第為佛祠，請署曰「懷恩」，以塞帝疑。 俄又詺侮僚屬，作慢語斥訕大臣，其反覆自任類此。
Once Xiayu's position was high, his words were often disrespectful; the emperor wished to remove his troops; he grew still more anxious and built a Buddhist shrine at his private residence, requesting it be inscribed "Cherishing Grace" to allay the emperor's suspicions. Soon he again insulted his staff and composed contemptuous words denouncing great ministers; his capricious self-will was of this sort.