1
乃蛮台
Naimantai
2
乃蛮台,木华黎五世孙。 曾祖曰孛鲁; 祖曰阿礼吉失,追封莒王,谥忠惠; 父曰忽速忽尔,嗣国王,追封蓟王。 乃蛮台身长七尺,挚静有威,性明果善断,射能贯札。 大德五年,奉命征海都、朵哇,以功赐貂裘白金,授宣徽院使,阶荣禄大夫。 七年,拜岭北行省右丞。 旧制,募民中粮以饷边,是岁中者三十万石。 用事者挟私为市,杀其数为十万,民进退失措。 乃蛮台请于朝,凡所输者悉受之,以为下年之数,民感其德。 至治二年,改甘肃行省平章政事,佩金虎符。 甘肃岁籴粮于兰州,多至二万石,距宁夏各千餘里至甘州,自甘州又千餘里始达亦集乃路,而宁夏距亦集乃仅千里。 乃蛮台下谕令挽者自宁夏径趋亦集乃,岁省费六十万缗。 天历二年,迁陕西行省平章政事。 关中大饥,诏募民入粟予爵。 四方富民应命输粟,露积关下。 初,河南饥,告籴关中,而关中民遏其籴。 至是关吏乃河南人,修宿怨,拒粟使不得入。 乃蛮台杖关吏而入其粟。 京兆民掠人而食之,则命分健卒为队,捕强食人者,其患乃已。 时入关粟虽多,而贫民乏钞以籴。 乃蛮台取官库未毁昏钞,得五百万缗,识以省印,给民行用,俟官给赈饥钞,如数易之。 先时,民或就食他所,多毁墙屋以往。 乃蛮台谕之曰:「明年岁稔,尔当复还,其勿毁之。」 民由是不敢毁,及明年还,皆得按堵如初。 拜西行台御史大夫,赐金币、玩服等物。 奉命送太宗皇帝旧铸皇兄之宝于其后嗣燕只哥,乃蛮台威望素严,至其境,礼貌益尊。 至顺元年,迁上都留守,佩元降虎符,虎贲亲军都指挥使,进阶开府仪同三司,知岭北行枢密院事,封宣宁郡王,赐金印。 寻奉命出镇北边,锡予尤重。 国初,诸军置万户、千户、百户,时金银符未备,惟加缨于枪以为等威。 至是乃蛮台为请于朝,皆得绾符。 后至元三年,诏乃蛮台袭国王,授以金印。 继又以安边睦邻之功,赐珠络半臂并海东名鹰、西域文豹,国制以此为极恩。 六年,拜岭北行省左丞相,仍前国王、知行枢密院事。 至正二年,迁辽阳行省左丞相,以年逾六十,上疏辞职归。 念其军士贫乏,以麦四百石、马二百匹、羊五百头遍给之。 八年,薨于家,帝闻之震悼,命有司厚致赙仪,诏赠摅忠宣惠绥远辅治功臣、太师、开府仪同三司、上柱国,追封鲁王,谥忠穆。 子二:长野仙溥化,入宿卫,掌速古兒赤,特授朝列大夫、给事中,拜监察御史,继除河西廉访副使、淮西宣慰副使,累迁中书参知政事,由御史中丞为中书右丞; 次晃忽而不花。
Naimantai was a fifth-generation descendant of Muqali. His great-grandfather was named Boru. His grandfather Alajishi was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Ju with the posthumous name Zhonghui. His father Husuhuer succeeded to the kingship and was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Ji. Naimantai stood seven feet tall. Steady and reserved, he had a commanding presence; he was clear-minded and decisive, and in archery could pierce a target board. In the fifth year of Dade he was ordered to campaign against Kaidu and Duwa. For his service he received a sable coat and white silver, was appointed superintendent of the Imperial Household Directorate, and was given the rank of grand master for splendid happiness. In the seventh year he was appointed right vice censor-in-chief of the Lingbei Branch Secretariat. Under the old regulations commoners were recruited to deliver grain inland to supply the frontier; that year thirty thousand piculs qualified. Those in power pursued private deals and cut the quota to one hundred thousand piculs, leaving the people unsure whether to go forward or back. Naimantai asked the court to accept every picul delivered and credit it to the next year's quota, and the people were grateful for his kindness. In the second year of Zhizhi he was made pacification commissioner of the Gansu Branch Secretariat and wore the golden tiger tally. Each year Gansu purchased grain at Lanzhou, often as much as twenty thousand piculs. From Ningxia it was more than a thousand li to Ganzhou, and from Ganzhou another thousand li before one reached the Yijinai circuit, while Ningxia was only a thousand li from Yijinai. Naimantai ordered the haulers to go straight from Ningxia to Yijinai, saving six hundred thousand strings in expenses that year. In the second year of Tianli he was transferred to pacification commissioner of the Shaanxi Branch Secretariat. The Guanzhong region suffered severe famine, and an edict recruited commoners to submit grain in exchange for ennoblement. Wealthy men from all quarters answered the summons and delivered grain, which lay piled in the open below the passes. Earlier, when Henan was starving, it asked to buy grain within the passes, but the local people blocked the sales. By then the pass officials were men from Henan. Nursing old grievances, they refused to let the grain envoys enter. Naimantai had the pass officials beaten and let the grain in. In Jingzhao people were robbing and eating one another. He ordered picked troops divided into squads to capture those who forcibly ate human flesh, and the scourge ceased. Although grain entering the passes was plentiful, the poor lacked banknotes to buy it. Naimantai took worn notes from the government treasury that had not yet been destroyed, obtaining five million strings. He stamped them with the provincial seal and put them into circulation; when the court later issued famine-relief notes, he exchanged them at full value. Previously, when people went elsewhere to seek food, many tore down their walls and houses to take with them. Naimantai told them, "Next year the harvest will be good and you will return. Do not destroy your homes." The people therefore did not dare destroy them, and when they returned the next year all were able to settle in peace as before. He was appointed grand censor of the Western Branch Secretariat and was granted gold coins, curios, robes, and the like. He was ordered to deliver the Taizong Emperor's old-cast treasure of the imperial elder brother to his descendant Yanzhige. Naimantai's prestige had always been formidable, and upon reaching that territory the courtesy shown him grew still more respectful. In the first year of Zhishun he was transferred to intendant of the Upper Capital, wore the tiger tally of the Yuan descent, became commander-in-chief of the Tiger-Gallant personal army, was advanced to grand preceptor with protocol equal to the three dukes, directed the Lingbei Branch Privy Council, was enfeoffed as prince of Xuanding commandery, and was granted a golden seal. Soon afterward he was ordered to guard the northern frontier, and the gifts bestowed were especially generous. At the founding of the state the armies had commanders of ten thousand, one thousand, and one hundred; gold and silver tallies were not yet ready, and tassels were added to spears alone to mark rank. Now Naimantai requested this of the court, and all received official tallies. In the third year of Houzhiyuan an edict ordered Naimantai to succeed to the kingship and granted him a golden seal. Later, for securing the frontier and keeping peace with neighbors, he was granted a pearl-net half-sleeve together with a famous hawk from the Eastern Sea and a patterned leopard from the Western Regions—under national custom the highest favor. In the sixth year he was appointed left chief councilor of the Lingbei Branch Secretariat, retaining his kingship and concurrently directing the privy council. In the second year of Zhizheng he was transferred to left chief councilor of the Liaoyang Branch Secretariat. Over sixty, he memorialized to resign and return home. Mindful that his soldiers were poor, he distributed four hundred piculs of wheat, two hundred horses, and five hundred sheep among them. In the eighth year he died at home. The emperor was deeply shaken and grieved, ordered the relevant offices to provide generous funeral gifts, and by edict posthumously granted him meritous minister who displays loyalty, proclaims kindness, pacifies the distant, and assists in governance, grand preceptor, grand preceptor with protocol equal to the three dukes, and supreme pillar of the state, enfeoffing him posthumously as Prince of Lu with the posthumous name Zhongmu. He had two sons. The elder, Yexianpuhua, entered the palace guard and held the office of suguerchi. He was specially appointed court gentleman for cherished conduct and attendant of the secretariat, made investigating censor, then successively associate surveillance commissioner of Hexi and associate pacification commissioner of Huaixi, and was repeatedly promoted to associate administrative councilor of the Secretariat, rising from vice censor-in-chief to right chief councilor. The younger was Huanghuerbuhua.
3
朵兒只
Duo'erzhi
4
朵兒只,木华黎六世孙,脱脱子也。 朵兒只生一岁而孤,稍长,备宿卫,事母至孝,喜读书,不屑屑事章句,于古君臣行事忠君爱民之道,多所究心。 至治二年,授中奉大夫、集贤学士,时年未及冠。 一时同寅如郭贯、赵世延、邓文原诸老皆器重之。 天历元年,朵罗台国王自上都领兵至古北口,与大都兵迎敌。 事定,文宗杀朵罗台。 二年,朵兒只袭国王位,扈跸上都,诏便道至辽阳之国。 顺帝至元四年,朵罗台弟乃蛮台恃太师伯颜势,谓国王位乃其所当袭,诉于朝。 伯颜妻欲得朵兒只大珠环,价直万六千锭。 朵兒只无以应,则慨然曰:「王位我祖宗所传,不宜从人求买。 我纵不得为,设为之,亦我宗族人耳。」 于是乃蛮台以赂故得为国王,而除朵兒只辽阳行省左丞相。 以安靖为治,民用不扰。 六年,迁河南行省左丞相,为政如在辽阳时。 先是,河南范孟为乱,以诖误连系者千百计。 朵兒只至,颇知其冤,力欲直之,而平章政事纳麟乃元问官,执其说不从。 已而纳麟还,言于朝,以谓朵兒只心徇汉人。 朵兒只为人宽弘有度,亦不恤也。 至正四年,迁江浙行省左丞相。 时杭城荐经灾毁,别兒怯不花先为相,庶务宽纾,朵兒只继之,咸仍其旧,民心翕然。 汀州寇窃发,朵兒只调遣将士招捕之,威信所及,数月即平。 帝嘉其绩,锡九龙衣、上尊酒。 居二年,方面晏然。 杭之耆老请建生祠,如前丞相故事。 朵兒只辞之曰:「昔者我父平章官浙省,我实生于此,宜尔父老有爱于我,我于尔杭人得无情乎! 然今天下承平,我叨居相位于此,唯知谨守法度不辱先人足矣,何用虚名为?」 七年,召拜御史大夫。 会丞相虚位,秋,拜中书左丞相。 冬,升右丞相、监修国史,而太平为左丞相。 是时,朝廷无事,稽古礼文之事,有坠必举,请赐经筵讲官坐,以崇圣学,选清望官专典陈言,以求治道,核守令六事,沙汰僧尼,举隐逸士,事见《太平传》。 岁余,留守司行致贺礼,其物先留鸿禧观,将馈二相。 朵兒只家臣寓观中,察知物有丰杀,其致左相者特丰。 家臣具白其事,请却之。 朵兒只曰:「彼纵不送我,亦又何怪。」 即命受之。 郯王家产既籍于官,朵兒只俾掾史录其数。 明日,掾史以复。 韩嘉讷为平章,不知出丞相命,勃然变色,叱掾史曰:「公事须自下而上,何竟白丞相!」 令客省使扶出。 朵兒只不为动,知者咸服其量。 九年,罢丞相位,复为国王,之国辽阳。 十四年,诏脱脱总兵南讨。 中书参议龚伯遂建言:「宜分遣诸宗王及异姓王俱出军。」 吴王朵尔赤厚赂伯遂获免。 朵兒只独曰:「吾国家世臣,天下有事,政效力之秋也,吾岂暇与小子辈通贿赂哉!」 即领兵出淮南,听脱脱节制。 脱脱遣朵兒只攻六合,拔之。 既而诏削脱脱官爵,罢其兵权,朵兒只乃以本部兵守扬州。 十五年,薨于军,年五十二。 初,朵兒只为集贤学士,从其从兄丞相拜住在上都。 南坡之变,拜住遇害。 贼臣铁失、赤斤铁木兒等并欲杀朵兒只,其从子朵尔直班方八岁,走诣怯薛官失都兒求免,以故朵兒只得脱于难。 朵兒只为相,务存大体,而太平则兼理庶务,一时政权颇出于太平,趋附者众,朵兒只处之凝然,不与较。 然太平亦能推让尽礼,中外皆号为贤相云。 二子:朵蛮帖木兒,翰林学士; 俺木哥失里,袭国王。
Duo'erzhi was a sixth-generation descendant of Muqali and the son of Toghto. Duo'erzhi lost his father at the age of one. When he grew older he served in the palace guard, was devoted to his mother, loved reading, and disdained textual glosses, yet studied deeply how ancient rulers and ministers were loyal to the sovereign and cared for the people. In the second year of Zhizhi he was appointed grand master for cherished conduct and academician of the Hall of Gathered Worthies, though he had not yet reached the capping age. At the time his colleagues among the senior men—Guo Guan, Zhao Shiyan, and Deng Wenyuan—all held him in high regard. In the first year of Tianli King Duoluotai led troops from the Upper Capital to Gubeikou to meet the army of Dadu in battle. When the affair was settled, Emperor Wenzong executed Duoluotai. In the second year Duo'erzhi succeeded to the kingship, accompanied the imperial procession to the Upper Capital, and was ordered by edict to proceed by convenient route to his domain in Liaoyang. In the fourth year of Zhiyuan under Emperor Shundi, Duoluotai's younger brother Naimantai, relying on Grand Preceptor Bayan's power, said the kingship was rightfully his and appealed to the court. Bayan's wife wanted Duo'erzhi's great pearl ring, worth sixteen thousand ingots. Unable to comply, Duo'erzhi said indignantly, "The kingship was transmitted by my ancestors. One ought not to buy it from others. Even if I cannot keep it, whoever receives it will still be a man of my clan." Thereupon Naimantai obtained the kingship through bribery, while Duo'erzhi was appointed left chief councilor of the Liaoyang Branch Secretariat. He governed with tranquillity as his aim, and the people's livelihood was undisturbed. In the sixth year he was transferred to left chief councilor of the Henan Branch Secretariat, governing as he had in Liaoyang. Earlier, when Fan Meng rebelled in Henan, those implicated by error and linked together numbered in the thousands. When Duo'erzhi arrived he knew they were wronged and strove to clear them, but pacification commissioner Nalin, who had been the Yuan interrogation official, clung to his view and would not agree. Before long Nalin returned to court and said Duo'erzhi favored the Han people. Duo'erzhi was broad-minded and measured in character and paid it no heed. In the fourth year of Zhizheng he was transferred to left chief councilor of the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat. Hangzhou had repeatedly suffered disaster and ruin. Bieqiebuha had first served as chief minister and eased the multitude of affairs; Duo'erzhi succeeded him and continued as before, and the people's hearts were united. Bandits broke out in Tingzhou. Duo'erzhi dispatched officers and soldiers to recruit and capture them, and where his authority and trust reached, within a few months order was restored. The emperor praised his achievement and granted him the nine-dragon robe and superior wine. After two years the region was entirely calm. The elders of Hangzhou requested to build a living shrine for him, following the precedent of a former chief minister. Duo'erzhi declined, saying, "Formerly my father served as pacification commissioner in Zhe Province and I was born here—no wonder you elders care for me. How could I be without feeling for you people of Hang! Yet today the realm is at peace. I am honored to hold the chancellorship here and need only keep the laws and not disgrace my forebears—that is enough. What use is an empty name?" In the seventh year he was summoned and appointed grand censor. As the chancellorship was vacant, in autumn he was appointed left chief councilor of the Secretariat. In winter he was promoted to right chief councilor and supervisor of the compilation of the national history, while Taiping served as left chief councilor. At that time the court had no pressing affairs. Whatever ritual and classical matters had fallen away were revived. He requested seats for the Classics Colloquium lecturers to honor sagely learning, selected officials of clear reputation to present remonstrances and seek the way of governance, examined the six duties of prefects and magistrates, sifted Buddhist monks and nuns, and recommended reclusive scholars—these matters are recorded in the 《Biography of Taiping》. After more than a year the Upper Capital intendant's office performed congratulatory rites. The goods were first left at Hongxi Abbey to be presented to the two chief ministers. Duo'erzhi's household staff lodged in the abbey and observed that the gifts varied in abundance; those for the left chief minister were especially plentiful. The household staff reported the matter in full and asked to refuse the gifts. Duo'erzhi said, "Even if they send nothing to me, what is there to wonder at?" He at once ordered them accepted. The Prince of Tan's household property had already been registered with the government. Duo'erzhi had a clerk record the tally. The next day the clerk reported back. Han Jiane was pacification commissioner. Not knowing it was by the chief minister's order, he flushed with anger and rebuked the clerk, "Public business must go from below to above—why report straight to the chief minister!" He ordered the guest-reception commissioner to escort him out. Duo'erzhi was unmoved; those who knew the matter all admired his magnanimity. In the ninth year he was dismissed from the chancellorship, again became king, and went to his domain in Liaoyang. In the fourteenth year an edict ordered Toghto to command troops in a southern campaign. Associate deliberator of the Secretariat Gong Boshui proposed, "The various imperial princes and non-imperial princes should all be sent out with troops separately." Prince Wu Duoerchi bribed Boshui heavily and was exempted. Duo'erzhi alone said, "Our family has been hereditary ministers for generations. When the realm has need, this is the season to exert our strength—how could I traffic in bribes with petty fellows!" He at once led troops into Huainan and obeyed Toghto's command. Toghto dispatched Duo'erzhi to attack Liuhe, and he captured it. Soon afterward an edict stripped Toghto of office and rank and removed his military authority. Duo'erzhi then guarded Yangzhou with his own troops. In the fifteenth year he died in the army at the age of fifty-two. Earlier, when Duo'erzhi was academician of the Hall of Gathered Worthies, he followed his cousin by the mother's side, Chief Councilor Baizhu, at the Upper Capital. In the Nampa Incident Baizhu was killed. The traitorous ministers Tieshi, Chijintiemuer, and the rest all wished to kill Duo'erzhi as well. His nephew Duo'erzhiban was then eight years old, ran to the kheshig officer Shiduer to beg for mercy, and for this reason Duo'erzhi escaped the calamity. As chief minister Duo'erzhi strove to preserve the larger pattern, while Taiping also handled the multitude of affairs. For a time political power leaned largely toward Taiping and many rushed to attach themselves to him, yet Duo'erzhi remained composed and did not contend. Yet Taiping also could yield and show full courtesy; within and without the court all called them worthy chief ministers. He had two sons: Duomantiemuer, a Hanlin academician; and Anmugeshili, who succeeded to the kingship.
5
朵尔直班
Duo'erzhiban
6
朵尔直班,字惟中,木华黎七世孙。 祖曰硕德,父曰别理哥帖木尔。 朵尔直班甫晬而孤,育于从祖母。 拜住,从父也,请于仁宗,降玺书护其家。 稍长,好读书。 年十四,见文宗,适将幸上都,亲阅御衣,命录于簿,顾左右无能书汉字者,朵尔直班引笔书之。 文宗喜曰:「世臣之家乃能知学,岂易得哉!」 命为尚衣奉御,寻授工部郎中。 元统元年,擢监察御史。 首上疏,请亲祀宗庙,赦命不宜数。 又陈时政五事,其一曰:「太史言三月癸卯望月食既,四月戊午朔,日又食。 皇上宜奋乾纲,修刑政,疏远邪佞,颛任忠良,庶可消弭灾变以为祯祥。」 二曰:「亲祀郊庙。」 三曰:「博选勋旧世臣之子,端谨正直之人,前后辅导,使嬉戏之事不接于目,俚俗之言不及于耳,则圣德日新矣。」 四曰:「枢机之臣固宜尊宠,然必赏罚公,则民心服。」 五曰:「弭安盗贼,振救饥民。」 是时日月薄蚀,烈风暴作,河北、山东旱蝗为灾,乃复条陈九事上之,一曰:「比日幸门渐启,刑罚渐差,无功者觊觎希赏,有罪者侥幸求免。 恐刑政渐隳,纪纲渐紊,劳臣何以示劝,奸臣无所警惧。」 二曰:「天下之财皆出于民,民竭其力以佐公上,而用犹不足,则嗟怨之气上干阴阳之和,水旱灾变所由生也。 宜颛命中书省官二员,督责户部详定减省,罢不急之工役,止无名之赏赐。」 三曰:「禁中常作佛事,权宜停止。」 四曰:「官府日增,选法愈敝,宜省冗员。」 五曰均公田。 六曰铸钱币。 七曰罢山东田赋总管府。 八曰蠲河南自实田粮。 九曰禁取姬妾于海外。 正月元日,朝贺大明殿,朵尔直班当纠正班次,即上言:「百官逾越班制者,当同失仪论,以惩不敬。」 先是,教坊官位在百官后,御史大夫撒迪传旨俾入正班,朵尔直班执不可。 撒迪曰:「御史不奉诏耶?」 朵尔直班曰:「事不可行,大夫宜覆奏可也。」 西僧为佛事内廷,醉酒失火,朵尔直班劾其不守戒律,延烧宫殿,震惊九重。 撒迪传旨免其罪,朵尔直班又执不可,一日间传旨者八,乃已。 丞相伯颜、御史大夫唐其势二家家奴怙势为民害,朵尔直班巡历至漷州,悉捕其人致于法,民大悦。 及还,唐其势怒曰:「御史不礼我已甚,辱我家人,我何面目见人耶?」 答曰:「朵尔直班知奉法而已,它不知也。」 唐其势从子马马沙为钦察亲军指挥使,恣横不法,朵尔直班劾奏之。 马马沙因集无赖子欲加害,会唐其势被诛,乃罢。 迁太府监,改奎章阁学士院供奉学士,进承制学士,皆兼经筵官,又升侍书学士、同知经筵事。 是时朵尔直班甫弱冠,又世家子,乃独以经术侍帝左右,世以为盛事。 至正元年,罢学士院,除翰林学士,升资善大夫。 于是经筵亦归翰林,仍命朵尔直班知经筵事。 是时康里巙巙以翰林学士承旨亦在经筵,在上前敷陈经义,朵尔直班则为翻译,曲尽其意,多所启沃,禁中语秘不传。 俄迁大宗正府也可扎鲁火赤,听讼之际,引谕律令,曲当事情。 有同僚年老者,叹曰:「吾居是官四十年,见公论事殆神人也。」 宗王有杀其大母者,朵尔直班与同僚拔实力请于朝,必正其罪。 时相难之。 出为淮东肃政廉访使。 迁江南行台治书侍御史,未行,又迁江西行省左丞,以疾不赴。 北还,养疾黄厓山中。 起为资正院使。 五年,拜中书参知政事、同知经筵事,提调宣文阁。 时纂集《至正条格》,朵尔直班以谓是书上有祖宗制诰,安得独称今日年号; 又律中条格乃其一门耳,安可独以为书名。 时相不能从,唯除制诰而已。 有以善音乐得幸者,有旨用为崇文监丞。 朵尔直班它拟一人以闻。 帝怒曰:「选法尽由中书省耶?」 朵尔直班顿首曰:「用幸人居清选,臣恐后世议陛下。 今选它人,臣之罪也,省臣无与焉。」 帝乃悦。 升右丞,寻拜御史中丞。 监察御史劾奏别兒怯不花,章甫上,黜御史大夫懿怜真班为江浙行省平章政事。 朵尔直班曰:「若此则台纲安在?」 乃再上章劾奏,并留大夫,不允。 台臣皆上印绶辞职。 帝谕朵尔直班曰:「汝其毋辞。」 对曰:「宪纲隳矣,臣安得独留?」 帝为之出涕。 朵尔直班即杜门谢宾客。 寻出为辽阳行省平章政事,阶荣禄大夫。 至官,询民所疾苦,知米粟羊豕薪炭诸货皆藉乡民贩负入城,而贵室僮奴、公府隶卒争强买之,仅酬其半直。 又其俗编柳为斗,大小不一,豪贾猾侩得以高下其手,民咸病之。 即饬有司厉防禁,齐称量,诸物乃毕集而价自平。 又存恤孤老,平准钱法,清铨选,汰胥吏,慎勾稽,兴废坠,巨细毕举。 苟有罪,虽勋旧不贷。 王邸百司闻风悚惧。 召为太常礼仪院使,俄迁中政使,又迁资正使。 会盗起河南,帝忧之。 拜中书平章政事,阶光禄大夫。 首言:「治国之道,纲常为重。 前西台御史张桓伏节死义,不污于寇,宜首旌之,以劝来者。」 又言:「宜守荆襄、湖广以绝后患。」 又数论:「祖宗之用兵,匪专于杀人,盖必有其道焉。 今倡乱者止数人,顾乃尽坐中华之民为畔逆,岂足以服人心。」 其言颇迕丞相脱脱意。 时脱脱倚信左司郎中汝中柏、员外郎伯帖木兒,故两人因擅权用事,而朵尔直班正色立朝,无所附丽。 适陕州危急,因出为陕西行台御史大夫。 行至中途,闻商州陷,武关不守,即轻骑昼夜兼程至奉元,而贼已至鸿门。 吏白涓日署事,不许,曰:「贼势若此,尚何顾阴阳拘忌哉!」 即就署。 省、台素以举措为嫌,不相聚论事。 朵尔直班曰:「多事如此,恶得以常例论?」 乃与行省平章朵朵约五日一会集。 寻有旨,命与朵朵便宜同讨贼,即督诸军复商州。 乃修筑奉元城垒。 募民为兵,出库所藏银为大钱,射而中的者赏之,由是人皆为精兵。 金、商义兵以兽皮为矢房,状如瓠,号毛葫芦军,甚精锐,列其功以闻,赐敕书褒奖之,由是其军遂盛,而国家获其用。 金州由兴元、凤翔达奉元,道里回远,乃开义谷,创置七驿,路近以便。 时御史大夫也先帖木兒师败于河南,西台御史蒙古鲁海牙、范文等十二人劾奏之。 朵尔直班当署字,顾谓左右曰:「吾其为平章湖广矣。」 未几命下,果然。 也先帖木兒者,脱脱之弟,章既上,脱脱怒,故左迁朵尔直班,而御史十二人皆见黜。 关中人遮道涕泣曰:「生我者公也,何遽去我而不留乎?」 朵尔直班慰遣之,不听,乃从间道得出。 至重庆,闻江陵陷,道路阻不可行,或请少留以俟之,不从,期必达乃已。 湖广行省时权治澧州,既至,律诸军以法,而授纳粟者以官,人心翕然。 汝中柏、伯帖木兒言于丞相曰:「不杀朵尔直班,则丞相终不安。」 盖谓其帝意所眷属,必复用耳。 乃命朵尔直班职专供给军食。 时官廪所储无几,即延州民有粟者,亲予酒谕劝之而贷其粟,约俟朝廷颁钞至即还以直,民无不从者。 又遣官籴粟河南、四川之境,民闻其名,争输粟以助军饷。 右丞伯颜不花方总兵,承顺风旨,数侵辱之。 朵尔直班不为动。 会官军复武昌,至蕲、黄伯颜不花百计征索,无不给之,犹欲言其供需失期。 达剌罕军帅王不花奋言曰:「平章国之贵臣,今坐不重茵,食无珍味,徒为我曹军食耳。 今百需立办,顾犹欲诬之,是无人心也。 我曹便当散还乡里矣。」 脱脱遣国子助教完者至军中,风使害之。 完者至,则反加敬礼,语人曰:「平章勋旧之家,国之祥瑞,吾苟伤之,则人将不食吾余矣。」 朵尔直班素有风疾,军中感雾露,所患日剧,遂卒于黄州兰溪驿,年四十。 朵尔直班立朝,以扶持名教为己任,荐拔人才而不以为私恩。 留心经术,凡伊、洛诸儒之书,未尝去手。 喜为五言诗,于字画尤精。 翰林学士承旨临川危素,尝客于朵尔直班,谏之曰:「明公之学,当务安国家、利让稷,毋为留神于末艺。」 朵尔直班深服其言。 其在经筵,开陈大义为多。 间采前贤遗言,各以类次,为书凡四卷,一曰《学本》,二曰《君道》,三曰《臣职》,四曰《国政》。 明道、厚伦、制行、稽古、游艺,五者《学本》之目也; 敬天、爱民、知人、纳谏、治内,五者《君道》之目也; 宰辅、台察、守令、将帅、御,五者《臣职》之目也; 兴学、训农、理财、审刑、议兵,五者《国政》之目也。 帝览而善之,赐名曰《治原通训》,藏于宣文阁。 二子:铁固思帖木而、笃坚帖木而。
Duo'erzhiban, style name Weizhong, was a seventh-generation descendant of Muqali. His grandfather was Shude; his father was Bieligetiemu'er. Duo'erzhiban lost his father while still in swaddling clothes and was raised by his father's cousin's wife. Baizhu, his cousin by the mother's side, asked Emperor Renzong for an imperial letter to protect his household. When he grew older he loved reading. At fourteen he was received by Emperor Wenzong. As the emperor was about to proceed to the Upper Capital he personally inspected the imperial robes and ordered them recorded; none at hand could write Chinese characters, so Duo'erzhiban took up the brush and wrote them. Emperor Wenzong said with pleasure, "A hereditary minister's household that still values learning—how rare!" He was appointed attendant of the imperial wardrobe and soon made director of the Ministry of Works. In the first year of Yuantong he was promoted to investigating censor. In his first memorial he asked the emperor to sacrifice personally at the ancestral temple and urged that amnesties not be issued too frequently. He also presented five matters on current policy. The first said, "The grand astrologer reports a total lunar eclipse on the guimao day of the third month and a solar eclipse on the wuwu day, the first of the fourth month. The emperor ought to exert the power of Qian, rectify punishments and government, keep distant evil and flatterers, and devote himself solely to loyal and good men, so that calamities may be dissolved and turned into auspicious signs." The second said, "Personally sacrifice at the suburban altars and ancestral temple." The third said, "Broadly select sons of meritorious old houses and upright men to assist the heir before and after, so that play does not reach his eyes and vulgar speech his ears, and sagely virtue will renew day by day." The fourth said, "Ministers who hold the keys of power should indeed be honored, yet rewards and punishments must be fair, and the people's hearts will be obedient." The fifth said, "Pacify bandits and thieves and relieve starving people." At that time the sun and moon suffered thin eclipses, fierce storms arose, and drought and locusts ravaged Hebei and Shandong. He again set forth nine matters. The first said, "Recently the gate of favor has gradually opened and punishments slackened; those without merit hope for rewards and the guilty hope by chance to be pardoned. I fear criminal government will collapse and the great cord unravel; how can laboring ministers be encouraged, and how can wicked ministers be given nothing to fear?" The second said, "All wealth under Heaven comes from the people. They exhaust their strength to assist the state, yet use is still insufficient; sighing and resentment then disturb the harmony of yin and yang, and flood, drought, and disasters arise from this. Appoint solely two Secretariat officials to supervise the Ministry of Revenue in fixing reductions, stop unurgent labor corvée, and halt nameless bestowals." The third said, "Buddhist services within the palace should for the time be stopped as expedient." The fourth said, "Government offices increase daily and the selection law grows more corrupt; superfluous posts should be cut." The fifth: equalize public fields. The sixth: cast money. The seventh: abolish the Shandong field-tax general office. The eighth: remit the self-assessed field tax of Henan. The ninth: forbid taking concubines from beyond the seas. On New Year's Day, when court congratulation was held in the Great Bright Hall, Duo'erzhiban was to correct the order of ranks and submitted, "Officials who overstep rank should be punished like those who lose ritual deportment, to warn against disrespect." Earlier the Music Bureau stood after the hundred officials. Grand Censor Sadi transmitted an edict ordering them into the regular ranks, but Duo'erzhiban refused. Sadi said, "Does the censor not obey the edict?" Duo'erzhiban said, "The matter cannot be carried out. The grand censor ought to memorialize again for approval." Western monks performed Buddhist services within the court, became drunk, and set a fire. Duo'erzhiban impeached them for not keeping discipline; the blaze burned the palaces and shook the Ninefold Palaces. Sadi transmitted an edict to exempt them, but Duo'erzhiban again refused. Within a single day edicts were transmitted eight times before it ceased. The household slaves of Chief Councilor Bayan and Grand Censor Tangqishi relied on power to harm the people. When Duo'erzhiban made a circuit to Huo Prefecture he captured them all and brought them under the law, and the people were greatly pleased. Upon his return Tangqishi said angrily, "The censor has been extremely disrespectful to me and shamed my household—how can I show my face?" He answered, "Duo'erzhiban knows only to uphold the law; he knows nothing else." Tangqishi's nephew Mamasha was commander of the Qipchaq personal army and acted lawlessly; Duo'erzhiban memorialized and impeached him. Mamasha gathered worthless fellows intending to harm him, but as Tangqishi was executed, the plot ceased. He was transferred to superintendent of the Grand Storehouse, made supplying academician of the Hall of Splendid Letters, advanced to drafting academician, all concurrently Classics Colloquium officials, then promoted to academician attendant and associate director of Classics Colloquium affairs. At that time Duo'erzhiban had just passed the weak-crown age and was the son of a hereditary house, yet alone served the emperor at his side with classical learning—the age regarded it as a grand event. In the first year of Zhizheng the Academy of Letters was abolished; he was made Hanlin academician and advanced to grand master for cherishing the people. Thereupon the Classics Colloquium also returned to the Hanlin, and Duo'erzhiban was still ordered to direct its affairs. At that time Kangli Chuangchuang, as Hanlin drafting academician, was also at the Classics Colloquium. Before the emperor he expounded the classics' meaning and Duo'erzhiban served as translator, fully conveying the intent and offering much counsel—palace speech was secret and not transmitted. Soon he was transferred to yeke jarquchi of the Grand Council for the Imperial Clan. When hearing lawsuits he cited the statutes and ordinances, fitting each circumstance. A colleague of advanced age sighed and said, "I have held this office forty years and have seen the gentleman discuss affairs—he is nearly divine." An imperial prince had killed his father's principal wife. Duo'erzhiban together with his colleague Bashi requested of the court that the crime must be rectified. The chief minister at the time made difficulties. He was sent out as surveillance commissioner of Huaidong. He was transferred to associate censor of the Jiangnan Branch Secretariat but did not go; he was again transferred to left vice councilor of the Jiangxi Branch Secretariat but did not take up the post because of illness. Returning north, he nursed his illness in the Huangya Mountains. He was recalled to be superintendent of the Hall of Correct Governance. In the fifth year he was appointed associate administrative councilor of the Secretariat and associate director of Classics Colloquium affairs, and supervised the Hall of Promoting Culture. At that time the 《Statutes of Zhizheng》 were being compiled. Duo'erzhiban said the book contained above the regulatory edicts of the ancestors—how could one alone use today's reign title? Moreover, within the law the section on regulations is but one category—how could it alone be the book's title? The chief minister could not follow him; only the regulatory edicts were removed. Someone skilled in music gained favor; there was an edict to appoint him deputy superintendent of the Chongwen Directorate. Duo'erzhiban nominated another man and reported it. The emperor said angrily, "Is the selection law entirely in the hands of the Secretariat?" Duo'erzhiban bowed his head and said, "If a favorite is placed in a pure selection post, I fear later generations will criticize Your Majesty. If another is now selected, the fault is mine; the secretariat ministers have no part in it." The emperor thereupon was pleased. He was promoted to right vice councilor and soon appointed vice censor-in-chief. Investigating censors memorialized and impeached Bieqiebuha. When the memorial was submitted, Grand Censor Yilianzhenban was demoted to pacification commissioner of the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat. Duo'erzhiban said, "If it is like this, where is the censorate's great cord?" He then again submitted a memorial impeaching and requested to retain the grand censor, but it was not granted. The censorate officials all submitted their seals and resigned. The emperor told Duo'erzhiban, "You must not resign." He answered, "The great cord of the constitution has collapsed—how can I alone remain?" The emperor wept for him. Duo'erzhiban at once shut his door and declined guests. Soon he was sent out as pacification commissioner of the Liaoyang Branch Secretariat, with the rank of grand master for splendid happiness. Upon reaching his post he inquired into the people's hardships. Rice, millet, sheep, pigs, fuel, and charcoal all depended on country people carrying them into the city, while noble household slaves and government runners contended to buy by force, paying only half the fair price. By custom they wove willow into pecks of uneven size, so powerful merchants and crafty brokers could manipulate them at will and the people all suffered. He ordered the relevant offices to enforce strict prohibitions and standardize weights and measures; all goods then gathered and prices of themselves became fair. He also cared for orphans and the aged, stabilized the money law, cleared selections, cut redundant clerks, was careful in audit, and revived what had fallen—great and small were all accomplished. If there was guilt, even meritorious old families were not pardoned. The hundred offices of princely establishments heard the wind and were fearful. He was summoned to superintendent of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices, soon transferred to superintendent of the Central Administration, then again superintendent of the Hall of Correct Governance. When bandits arose in Henan, the emperor was troubled. He was appointed pacification commissioner of the Secretariat, with the rank of grand master for splendid brightness. He first said, "In governing the state, the great constants weigh most heavily. The former Western Branch censor Zhang Huan upheld integrity and died for righteousness, unstained by the bandits—he ought first to be honored to encourage those who come after." He also said, "Jingxiang and Huguang ought to be held to cut off later troubles." He repeatedly discussed, "When the ancestors used troops it was not solely to kill people—there must have been a Way in it. Today those who stir disorder are only a few men, yet all the people of the Central Plains are treated as rebels—how can that win people's hearts?" His words largely ran counter to Chief Councilor Toghto's intent. At the time Toghto relied on Left Secretariat Director Ru Zhongbai and section director Botiemuer, so the two usurped power, while Duo'erzhiban stood upright at court and attached himself to no faction. As Shaanzhou was critically pressed, he was sent out as grand censor of the Shaanxi Branch Secretariat. Midway he heard Shangzhou had fallen and Wuguan was lost. He took light horsemen and pressed day and night to Fengyuan while the bandits had already reached Hongmen. The clerks said he should take office on an auspicious day; he refused and said, "The bandits' power is like this—how can one still care for yin-yang taboos!" He at once assumed office. The branch secretariat and branch censorate, by custom suspicious of each other's measures, did not gather to discuss affairs. Duo'erzhiban said, "With so many affairs, how can one discuss by regular precedent?" He then agreed with Pacification Commissioner Duoduo to meet every five days. Soon an edict ordered him and Duoduo, as circumstances required, jointly to suppress the bandits. He supervised the armies and recovered Shangzhou. He then repaired the ramparts of Fengyuan. He recruited the people as soldiers, took silver from the treasury to make large coins, and rewarded those who hit the target in archery; thereby everyone became picked troops. The righteous armies of Jin and Shang used animal hides for arrow quivers shaped like gourds, called the Maohulu Army, very picked and sharp. Their achievements were reported and an edict of commendation granted; thereby that army grew strong and the state obtained its use. Jin Prefecture reached Fengyuan by way of Xingyuan and Fengxiang over a long roundabout route. He opened the Righteous Valley and established seven post stations, making the road shorter and convenient. At the time Grand Censor Yexiantiemuer's army was defeated in Henan. Western Branch censors Mongoluhaiya, Fan Wen, and twelve others memorialized and impeached him. Duo'erzhiban was to countersign. He turned and said to those at hand, "I shall become pacification commissioner of Huguang." Before long the order came down, and it was indeed so. Yexiantiemuer was Toghto's younger brother. Once the memorial was submitted Toghto was angry, Duo'erzhiban was demoted, and all twelve censors were dismissed. The people within the passes blocked the road weeping and saying, "You gave us life—why do you suddenly leave us and not stay?" Duo'erzhiban comforted and sent them off, but they would not listen; he therefore got out by a bypath. When he reached Chongqing he heard Jiangling had fallen and the roads were blocked. Some asked him to stay awhile, but he would not and fixed on reaching his destination. The Huguang Branch Secretariat governed provisionally from Li Prefecture. Once he arrived he regulated the armies by law and granted office to those who submitted grain; the people's hearts were united. Ru Zhongbai and Botiemuer told the chief councilor, "If Duo'erzhiban is not killed, the chief councilor will never be secure." They meant that because the emperor favored him, he would certainly be used again. He was therefore ordered that Duo'erzhiban's duty should be solely to supply army provisions. Government granaries held little. He summoned state people who had grain, personally gave them wine to encourage them, and borrowed their grain, agreeing that when the court issued notes they would be repaid at full value—the people all complied. He also sent officials to purchase grain in Henan and Sichuan. Hearing his name, the people vied to submit grain to aid army provisions. Right Vice Councilor Bayanbuhua was commanding troops and, following the prevailing court favor, repeatedly insulted him. Duo'erzhiban was unmoved. When the government army recovered Wuchang and reached Qi and Huang, Bayanbuhua sought supplies by a hundred schemes and was given everything, yet still wished to say provisions were delivered late. The darqan army commander Wangbuhua spoke forcefully, "The pacification commissioner is the state's honored minister. Today he sits without a heavy mat and eats without fine flavors, serving only as provisions for us soldiers. Now a hundred needs are furnished at once, yet you still wish to slander him—there is no human heart in this. We ought at once to disperse and return to our home districts." Toghto sent the National University lecturer Wanzhe to the army with instructions to harm him. When Wanzhe arrived he instead showed added respect and said, "The pacification commissioner is of a meritorious old house—the state's auspicious omen. If I should harm him, people will not eat my leftovers." Duo'erzhiban had long had wind illness. In the army, affected by mist and dew, his ailment grew worse, and he died at the Lanxi post station in Huang Prefecture at the age of forty. At court Duo'erzhiban took upholding the name and teaching as his task, recommended talented men, and did not regard it as private favor. He devoted attention to classical learning; books of the Yi and Luo Confucians never left his hand. He delighted in writing five-character poetry and was especially skilled in calligraphy and painting. Hanlin drafting academician Wei Su of Linchuan once lodged with Duo'erzhiban and remonstrated, "Your learning ought to devote itself to securing the state and benefiting the altars of soil and grain; do not fix your mind on minor arts." Duo'erzhiban deeply accepted his words. At the Classics Colloquium he opened and set forth the great principles in the majority of cases. Occasionally he gathered legacy words of former worthies, arranged each by category, and made a book in four scrolls: the first 《Foundations of Learning》, the second 《The Way of the Ruler》, the third 《The Duties of Ministers》, the fourth 《National Government》. Illuminating the Way, thickening human relations, regulating conduct, examining antiquity, and recreative arts—these five are the categories of 《Foundations of Learning》; revering Heaven, loving the people, knowing men, accepting remonstrance, and governing the interior—these five are the categories of 《The Way of the Ruler》; chief ministers, the censorate, prefects and magistrates, commanders, and the imperial guard—these five are the categories of 《The Duties of Ministers》; promoting learning, instructing agriculture, managing finances, reviewing punishments, and deliberating on troops—these five are the categories of 《National Government》. The emperor read it and approved, bestowing the name 《Comprehensive Instructions for Ordering the Source》 and storing it in the Hall of Promoting Culture. He had two sons: Tiegusitiemuer and Dujiantiemuer.
7
阿鲁图
Alutu
8
阿鲁图,博尔术四世孙。 父木剌忽。 阿鲁图由经正监袭职为怯薛官,掌环卫,遂拜翰林学士承旨,迁知枢密院事。 至元三年,袭封广平王。 至正四年,脱脱辞相位,顺帝问谁可代脱脱为相者,脱脱以阿鲁图荐。 五月,诏拜中书右丞相、监修国史,而别兒怯不花为左丞相,从驾行幸,每同车出入,一时朝野以二相协和为喜。 时诏修辽、金、宋三史,阿鲁图为总裁。 五年,三史成。 十月,阿鲁图等既以其书进,帝御宣文阁,阿鲁图复与平章政事帖木兒塔识、太平上奏:「太祖取金,世祖平宋,混一区宇,典章图籍皆归秘府。 今陛下以三国事绩命儒士纂修,而臣阿鲁图总裁。 臣素不读汉人文书,未解其义。 今者进呈,万机之暇,乞以备乙览。」 帝曰:「此事卿诚未解,史书所系甚重,非儒士泛作文字也。 彼一国人君行善则国兴,朕为君者宜取以为法; 彼一朝行恶则国废,朕当取以为戒。 然岂止儆劝人君,其间亦有为宰相事,善则卿等宜仿效,恶则宜监戒。 朕与卿等皆当取前代善恶为勉。 朕或思有未至,卿等其言之。」 阿鲁图顿首舞蹈而出。 右司郎中陈思谦建言诸事,阿鲁图曰:「左右司之职所以赞助宰相。 今郎中有所言,与我辈共议见诸行事,何必别为文字自有所陈耶? 郎中若居他官,则可建言,今居左右司而建言,是徒欲显一己自能言耳。 将置我辈于何地?」 思谦大惭服。 一日,与僚佐议除刑部尚书,宰执有所举,或难之曰:「此人柔软,非刑部所可用。」 阿鲁图曰:「庙堂即今选侩子耶? 若选侩子,须选强壮人。 尚书欲其详谳刑牍耳,若不枉人,不坏法,即是好刑官,何必求强壮人耶?」 左右无以答。 其为治知大体,类如此。 先是,别兒怯不花尝与阿鲁图谋挤害脱脱。 阿鲁图曰:「我等岂能久居相位,当亦有退休之日,人将谓我何?」 别兒怯不花屡以为言,终不从。 六年,别兒怯不花乃讽监察御史劾奏阿鲁图不宜居相位,阿鲁图即避出城。 其姻党皆为之不平,请曰:「丞相所行皆善,而御史言者无理,丞相何不见帝自陈,帝必辩焉。」 阿鲁图曰:「我博尔术世裔,岂丞相为难得耶? 但帝命我不敢辞,今御史劾我,我宜即去。 盖御史臺乃世祖所设置,我若与御史抗,即与世祖抗矣。 尔等无复言。 「阿鲁图既罢去,明年,别兒怯不花遂为右丞相,不久亦去。 十一年,阿鲁图复起为太傅,出守和林边,薨,无嗣。
Alutu was a fourth-generation descendant of Borokhula. His father was Malahu. Alutu succeeded through the Directorate of the Classics to office as a kheshig officer in charge of the imperial guard, was appointed Hanlin drafting academician, and was transferred to know the affairs of the privy council. In the third year of Zhiyuan he succeeded to the enfeoffment as Prince of Guangping. In the fourth year of Zhizheng, when Toghto resigned the chancellorship, Emperor Shundi asked who could replace him; Toghto recommended Alutu. In the fifth month an edict appointed him right chief councilor of the Secretariat and supervisor of the national history, while Bieqiebuha was left chief councilor. They accompanied the imperial procession and each time rode in the same carriage; court and country rejoiced that the two chief ministers were in harmony. At that time an edict ordered the compilation of the histories of Liao, Jin, and Song; Alutu was chief compiler. In the fifth year the three histories were completed. In the tenth month, after Alutu and the rest had presented the books, the emperor proceeded to the Hall of Promoting Culture. Alutu again with Pacification Commissioner Temiertashi and Taiping submitted, "Taizu took the Jin, Shizu pacified the Song, and united the realm; canonical books and maps all returned to the secret repository. Now Your Majesty has ordered Confucian scholars to compile the achievements of the three states, and your subject Alutu is chief compiler. Your subject has never read Han literary works and does not understand their meaning. Now that we present them, in the leisure of ten thousand affairs we beg that they may be prepared for secondary perusal." The emperor said, "In this matter you indeed do not understand. Histories bear on matters of great weight—they are not literary works casually made by Confucian scholars. When a ruler of one of those states did good, the state flourished—a ruler like Us ought to take it as a model; when one court did evil, the state was ruined—We ought to take it as a warning. Yet it is not only to warn rulers; among them are also matters of chief ministers—what is good you ought to imitate, what is evil you ought to watch and warn against. We and you should all take the good and evil of former ages as encouragement. If We think of something not yet reached, you should speak of it." Alutu bowed his head, danced, and withdrew. Right Secretariat Director Chen Siqian proposed various matters. Alutu said, "The duty of the left and right directorates is to assist the chief minister. If the director now has something to say, let him discuss it with us and see it carried out—why must he separately make writings and present matters on his own? If the director held another office he could propose; now holding the left or right directorate yet proposing is merely wishing to show that he alone can speak. Where are you placing us?" Siqian was greatly ashamed and submitted. One day, discussing with subordinates the appointment of minister of justice, the chief ministers had someone to recommend. Some objected, saying, "This man is soft—not usable by the Ministry of Justice." Alutu said, "Is the imperial temple selecting wrestlers today? If selecting wrestlers, one must select strong men. The minister of justice wishes only to examine criminal documents in detail. If he does not wrong people and does not break the law, he is a good justice official—why seek a strong man?" Those at left and right had no answer. In governing he knew the larger pattern, generally like this. Earlier Bieqiebuha had once plotted with Alutu to squeeze out and harm Toghto. Alutu said, "How can we long hold the chancellorship? There will also be a day of retirement—what will people say of us?" Bieqiebuha repeatedly spoke of it but in the end Alutu would not follow. In the sixth year Bieqiebuha prompted investigating censors to memorialize that Alutu ought not to hold the chancellorship; Alutu at once withdrew outside the city. His affines were indignant and said, "What the chief minister has done is all good, yet the censor's words are unreasonable. The chief minister ought to see the emperor and explain himself; the emperor will surely argue on his behalf." Alutu said, "I am a Borokhula descendant of generations—how could the chancellorship be hard to obtain? But the emperor's command I dared not decline; now the censor impeaches me—I ought to leave at once. The censorate was established by Shizu; if I contend with the censor, I contend with Shizu. You need speak no more. After Alutu had been dismissed, the next year Bieqiebuha became right chief councilor and before long also left. In the eleventh year Alutu was again raised as grand preceptor, went out to guard the Helin frontier, died, and had no heir.
9
纽的该
Niudegai
10
纽的该,博尔术之四世孙也。 早岁备宿卫,累迁同知枢密院事,既而废处于家。 顺帝至元五年,奉使宣抚达达之地,整理有司不公不法事三十餘条,由是朝廷知其才,升知岭北行枢密院事。 至正十五年,召拜中书平章政事,迁知枢密院事。 十七年,以太尉总山东诸军,守镇东昌路,击退田丰兵。 十八年,田丰复陷济宁,进逼东昌。 纽的该以乏粮弃城,退屯柏乡,东昌遂陷。 还京师,拜中书添设左丞相,与太平同居相位。 纽的该有识量,处事平允。 倭人攻金复州,杀红军据其州者,即奏遣人往赏赉而抚安之。 浙西张士诚既降,纽的该处置江南诸事,咸得其宜,士诚大服。 兴和路富民调戏子妇,系狱,车载楮币至京师行赂,以故刑部官持其事久不决。 纽的该乃除刑部侍郎为兴和路达鲁花赤,俾决其事,富民遂自缢死。 凡授官,惟才是选,不用私人,众称其有大臣体。 已而遽罢相,迁知枢密院事。 尝卧病,谓其所知曰:「太平真宰相才也。 我疾固不起,而太平亦不能久于位,此可叹也。」 朝官至门候疾者,皆谢遣之。 二十年正月卒。
Niudegai was also a fourth-generation descendant of Borokhula. In early years he served in the palace guard and was repeatedly promoted to associate director of the privy council; afterward he was dismissed and dwelt at home. In the fifth year of Zhiyuan under Emperor Shundi he was sent to pacify and comfort the Tatar lands, put in order more than thirty matters of unfair and unlawful conduct by officials, and the court knew his talent and promoted him to direct the Lingbei Branch Privy Council. In the fifteenth year of Zhizheng he was summoned and appointed pacification commissioner of the Secretariat and transferred to know the affairs of the privy council. In the seventeenth year, as grand preceptor he commanded all armies of Shandong, guarded Dongchang Circuit, and repelled Tian Feng's troops. In the eighteenth year Tian Feng again took Jining and pressed toward Dongchang. Niudegai, lacking grain, abandoned the city, withdrew to garrison at Baixiang, and Dongchang then fell. Returning to the capital he was appointed additional left chief councilor of the Secretariat and together with Taiping jointly held the chancellorship. Niudegai had discernment and judgment and handled affairs fairly. When Japanese attacked Jinzhou and killed the Red Army men who held the prefecture, he memorialized to send men to bestow rewards and comfort them. After Zhang Shicheng of Jiangxi had submitted, Niudegai disposed of all matters south of the Yangtze fittingly; Shicheng was greatly impressed. A wealthy man of Xinghe Circuit molested his daughter-in-law and was imprisoned. He loaded paper money onto a cart and came to the capital to bribe, so Ministry of Justice officials held the matter long undecided. Niudegai then removed a vice minister of justice to be darughachi of Xinghe Circuit and ordered him to decide the matter; the wealthy man thereupon hanged himself. Whenever he granted office he selected only by talent and used no private persons; all praised that he had the bearing of a great minister. Before long he was abruptly dismissed from the chancellorship and transferred to know the affairs of the privy council. Once when ill in bed he said to those he knew, "Taiping is truly a chief minister's talent. My illness surely will not rise, yet Taiping also cannot long hold his post—this is lamentable." Court officials who came to the door to inquire after his illness were all sent away with thanks. In the first month of the twentieth year he died.