1
梁禦若干惠怡峯劉亮王德
Liang Yu — Guo Ganhui — Yi Feng — Liu Liang — Wang De
2
梁禦字善通，其先安定人也。 後因官北邊，遂家於武川，改姓為紇豆陵氏。 高祖俟力提，從魏太祖征討，位至揚武將軍、定陽侯。
Liang Yu, styled Shantong, came from Anding commandery. Later his family moved to Wuchuan on frontier duty and took the surname Hedouling. His great-grandfather Siliti campaigned under Wei's founding emperor and rose to general who raises martial might and marquis of Dingyang.
3
禦少好學，進趨詳雅。 及長，更好弓馬。 爾朱天光西討，知禦有志略，引為左右，授宣威將軍、都將。 共平關右，除鎮西將軍、東益州刺史、第一領民酋長，封白水縣伯，邑三百戶。 轉征西將軍、金紫光祿大夫。
Liang Yu loved books from boyhood and carried himself with careful grace. As he grew older he took even more to archery and horsemanship. During Erzhu Tianguang's western campaign he saw Liang Yu's talent and kept him at his side, making him general who proclaims might and capital-guard commander. They pacified Guan-you together; Liang Yu became general who guards the west, governor of East Yizhou, and first tribal chief commanding the people, and was enfeoffed Earl of Baishui with three hundred households. He was transferred to general who campaigns west and grand master of splendid happiness with golden seal and purple ribbon.
4
後從賀拔岳鎮長安。 及岳被害，禦與諸將同謀翊戴太祖。 從征侯莫陳悅，遷武衛將軍。 太祖既平秦隴，方欲引兵東下，雍州刺史賈顯持兩端，通使於齊神武。 太祖微知其意，以禦為大都督、雍州刺史，領前軍先行。 既與顯相見，因說顯曰：「魏室陵遲，天下鼎沸。 高歡志在凶逆，梟夷非遠。 宇文夏州英姿不世，算略無方，方欲扶危定傾，匡復京洛。 公不於此時建立功效，乃懷猶豫，恐禍不旋踵矣。」 顯即出迎太祖，禦遂入鎮雍州。 授車騎大將軍、儀同三司。
He later followed Heba Yue in garrisoning Chang'an. When Heba Yue was murdered, Liang Yu and the other generals plotted to raise up Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai. He followed the campaign against Houmochen Yue and was made martial guard general. Once Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai had secured Qin and Long, he prepared to march east; but Yong Province governor Jia Xian wavered and opened talks with Gao Huan. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai saw through the maneuver and sent Liang Yu ahead as grand commander and governor of Yong Province with the vanguard. When he met Jia Xian he urged him: "The Wei dynasty is failing and the empire is in turmoil. Gao Huan aims at treason, and his downfall cannot be far away. Yuwen Tai of Xia Province is a hero of his generation, unmatched in strategy, and is ready to rescue the realm and recover the capital at Luoyang. If you miss this chance to earn your place and keep hesitating, ruin will overtake you before you can turn around." Jia Xian went out at once to welcome Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai, and Liang Yu took up the Yong Province garrison. He was made grand general of chariots and cavalry with three-division court equipage.
5
子睿襲爵。 天和中，拜開府儀同三司。 以禦佐命有功，進蔣國公。 大象末，除益州總管，加授柱國。 睿將之任，而王謙舉兵，拒不受代。 仍詔睿為行軍元帥，討謙，破之。 進位上柱國。
His son Rui inherited the title. During the Tianhe era he was made opening-office three-division court equipage. For Liang Yu's service in establishing the dynasty, the family was raised to Duke of Jiang. Near the end of the Daxiang era he was made area commander of Yizhou and pillar-of-state. When Rui was on his way to take office, Wang Qian rebelled and refused to yield. Rui was then ordered out as campaign commander-in-chief against Wang Qian and defeated him. He was raised to supreme pillar-of-state.
6
若干惠字惠保，代郡武川人也。 其先與魏氏俱起，以國為姓。 父樹利周，從魏廣陽王深征葛榮，戰沒，贈冀州刺史。
Guo Ganhui, styled Huibao, came from Wuchuan in Dai commandery. His ancestors had risen with the Wei and taken the state name as their surname. His father Shulizhou followed the Prince of Guangyang, Shen, against Ge Rong and fell in battle; the court posthumously made him governor of Ji Province.
7
惠年弱冠，從爾朱榮征伐，定河北，破元顥，以功拜中堅將軍。 復以別將從賀拔岳西征，解岐州圍，擒万俟醜奴，平水洛，定隴右，每力戰有功。 封北平縣男，邑二百戶。 累遷鎮遠將軍、都督、直寢、征西將軍、金紫光祿大夫。 及岳為侯莫陳悅所害，惠與寇洛、趙貴等同謀翊戴太祖。 仍從平悅，拜直閤將軍。
At twenty Gan Hui followed Erzhu Rong on campaign, secured Hebei, and defeated Yuan Hao; for this he was made general of the central guard. As a separate commander under Heba Yue he marched west, lifted the siege of Qi, captured Wanqij Chounu, pacified Shuiluo, and secured Long-you, fighting fiercely at every step. He received the viscounty of Beiping with two hundred households. He rose step by step to general who guards the distant, area commander, direct attendants guard, general who campaigns west, and grand master of splendid happiness. When Houmochen Yue killed Heba Yue, Gan Hui joined Kou Luo, Zhao Gui, and others in raising up Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai. He followed the campaign that crushed Houmochen Yue and was made direct-pavilion general.
8
魏孝武西遷，除右衛將軍、大都督，進爵魏昌縣伯，邑五百戶。 出為北華州刺史，加使持節、驃騎將軍。 大統初，拜儀同三司，進爵為公，增邑五百戶。 從擒竇泰，復弘農，破沙苑，惠每先登陷陣。 加侍中、開府，進爵長樂郡公，增邑通前二千二百戶。 四年，魏文帝東巡洛陽，與齊神武戰於河橋，惠力戰破之，大收降卒。 七年，遷中領軍。
When Emperor Xiaowu fled west, Gan Hui became right guard general and grand commander and was raised to Earl of Weichang with five hundred households. He was sent out as governor of North Huazhou with full credentials and the rank of grand general of fast cavalry. At the start of Datong he received three-division court equipage, was raised to duke, and gained five hundred more households. On the campaigns that took Dou Tai, recovered Hongnong, and broke Shaya, Gan Hui was always first over the ramparts and into the enemy line. He became palace attendant and opening-the-feudatory, was raised to Duke of Changle, and his combined fief reached two thousand two hundred households. In the fourth year Emperor Wen toured Luoyang and fought Gao Huan at Heqiao; Gan Hui fought fiercely, routed him, and took large numbers of prisoners. In the seventh year he was made commander of the central guard corps.
9
及高仲密舉北豫州來附，太祖帥師迎之。 軍至洛陽，齊神武於邙山將以邀我，太祖乃徙輜重於瀍曲，夜勒兵襲之。 及戰，惠為右軍，與中軍大破之，逐北數里，虜其步卒。 齊神武兵乃萃於左軍，軍將趙貴等與戰不利，諸軍因之並退。 時會日暮，齊神武兵屢來攻惠，惠擊之，皆披靡。 至夜中，齊神武騎復來追惠，惠徐乃下馬，顧命廚人營食。 食訖，謂左右曰：「長安死，此中死，異乎？」 乃建旗鳴角，收諸敗軍而還。 齊神武追騎憚惠，疑有伏兵，不敢逼。 至弘農，見太祖，陳賊形勢，恨其垂成之功，覆於一簣，於是歔欷不能自勝。 太祖壯之。
When Gao Zhongmi surrendered North Yuzhou, Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai marched out to receive him. Near Luoyang, Gao Huan waited on Mount Mang to cut them off; Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai shifted the baggage train to Chan Bend and struck by night. In the battle Gan Hui commanded the right wing; with the center he broke the enemy, chased them north for several li, and took their infantry. Gao Huan then concentrated against the left wing; Zhao Gui and the other commanders there were beaten, and the whole army fell back. At dusk Gao Huan's men attacked Gan Hui again and again; each time Gan Hui drove them off in rout. At midnight Gao Huan's horsemen caught up with Gan Hui again; Gan Hui calmly dismounted and told the cook to serve a meal. When he had eaten he said to his men: "Death in Chang'an, death here—what difference is there?" Then he raised his banners, sounded the horns, rallied the scattered units, and marched back. Gao Huan's pursuers feared Gan Hui, suspected a trap, and would not come near. At Hongnong he saw Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai, described the enemy's dispositions, and wept that victory had slipped away at the last moment. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai admired his bearing.
10
鳳字達摩，少沉深，有識度。 大統末，襲父爵長樂郡公，尚太祖女。 魏廢帝二年，授驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。 魏恭帝三年，除左宮伯。 尋出為洛州刺史。 徵拜大馭中大夫。 保定四年，追錄佐命之功，封鳳徐國公，增邑幷前五千戶。 建德二年，拜柱國。
Feng, styled Damo, was grave and steady from youth, with judgment beyond his years. At the end of Datong he inherited the dukedom of Changle and married a daughter of Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai. In the second year of the Deposed Emperor he received grand general of fast cavalry and opening-office three-division court equipage. In the third year of the Respectful Emperor he was made left palace baron. He was soon sent out as governor of Luo Province. He was recalled and made grand master for managing chariots. In Baoding 4 (564) the court looked back on his father's founding service and enfeoffed Feng as Duke of Xu with a combined fief of five thousand households. In Jianade 2 (573) he was made pillar-of-state.
11
怡峯字景阜，遼西人也。 本姓默臺，因避難改焉。 高祖寬，燕遼西郡守。 魏道武時，率戶歸朝，拜羽真，賜爵長虵公。 曾祖文，冀州刺史。 峰少從征役，以驍勇聞。 永安中，假龍驤將軍，為都將，從賀拔岳討万俟醜奴，以功授給事中、明威將軍，轉征虜將軍、都督，賜爵蒲陰縣男。 及岳被害，峯與趙貴等同謀翊戴太祖。 進爵為伯。 時原州刺史史歸猶為侯莫陳悅守，太祖令峰與侯莫陳崇討擒之。
Yi Feng, styled Jingfu, came from Liaoxi. His family had borne the surname Motai and changed it while taking refuge from turmoil. His great-grandfather Kuan had been administrator of Yan Liaoxi commandery. Under Emperor Daowu of Wei he led his people in submission, entered imperial service as a yu-chen guard, and received the title Duke of Changshe. His grandfather Wen served as governor of Ji Province. Yi Feng went on campaign from youth and won a name for bold fighting. During Yongan he served as acting general of soaring dragon and capital-guard commander; under Heba Yue against Wanqij Chounu he earned gentleman attendant within the gates, general of clear might, general who campaigns against barbarians, area commander, and the viscounty of Puyin. When Heba Yue was killed, Yi Feng joined Zhao Gui and the others in raising up Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai. He was raised to earl. Yuan Prefecture governor Shi Gui was still holding out for Houmochen Yue; Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai sent Yi Feng with Houmochen Chong to take him.
12
及齊神武與魏孝武帝構隙，帝頻勑太祖簡銳卒入衛京邑。 太祖乃令峯與都督趙貴等率輕騎赴洛陽。 至潼關，值魏孝武西遷，峯即從太祖拔回洛，復潼關。 拜安東將軍、華州刺史。 尋轉大都督。 討曹泥有功，進爵華陽縣公，邑一千戶。 大統［三］年，從太祖破竇泰於小關。 還，拜散騎常侍、車騎大將軍、儀同三司。 又從復弘農，破沙苑，進爵樂陵郡公。 仍與元季海、獨孤信復洛陽。 峯率奇兵至成皋，入其郛，收其戶口而還。 東魏遣行臺任祥率步騎萬餘攻潁川，峯復以輕騎五百邀擊之，自是威名轉盛。 加授開府儀同三司。 東魏圍洛陽，峯與季海守金墉。 太祖至，圍解，即與東魏戰於河橋。 時峯為左軍，不利，與李遠先還，太祖因此班師。 詔原其罪。 拜東西北三夏州諸軍事、夏州刺史。 後與于謹討劉平伏，從解玉壁圍，平栢穀塢，竝有功。 涼州刺史宇文仲和反，峯與于謹討之。 十五年，東魏圍潁川，峰與趙貴赴援。 至南陽，遇疾卒，時年五十。
When Gao Huan and Emperor Xiaowu fell out, the emperor repeatedly ordered Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai to send picked troops to guard the capital. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai then sent Yi Feng with Zhao Gui and others at the head of light cavalry to Luoyang. At Tong Pass they met Emperor Xiaowu fleeing west; Yi Feng at once followed Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai in retaking Luoyang and securing Tong Pass again. He was made general who pacifies the east and governor of Huazhou. He was soon made grand commander. For his service against Cao Ni he was raised to Duke of Huayang with one thousand households. In Datong 3 (537) he followed Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai in defeating Dou Tai at Xiao Pass. On his return he became regular attendant of scattered cavalry, grand general of chariots and cavalry, and three-division court equipage. He followed again in recovering Hongnong and breaking Shaya and was raised to Duke of Leiling. He then joined Yuan Jihai and Dugu Xin in recovering Luoyang. Yi Feng took a flying column to Chenggao, entered the suburbs, rounded up the people, and withdrew. Eastern Wei sent Ren Xiang at the head of more than ten thousand men against Yingchuan; Yi Feng hit him with five hundred light horse, and his reputation as a fierce commander spread. He was further given opening-office three-division court equipage. When Eastern Wei besieged Luoyang, Yi Feng and Yuan Jihai held Jinyong. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai's arrival lifted the siege, and they fought Eastern Wei at once at Heqiao. Yi Feng commanded the left wing; the fight went badly, and he withdrew ahead with Li Yuan, whereupon Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai pulled the army back. An edict forgave the fault. He was made commander of the three Xia provinces—east, northwest, and west—and governor of Xia Province. Later he joined Yu Jin against Liu Pingfu and shared in relieving Yubi and taking Baigu Stockade. When Liang governor Yuwen Zhonghe rebelled, Yi Feng marched against him with Yu Jin. In the fifteenth year Eastern Wei besieged Yingchuan; Yi Feng and Zhao Gui marched to its relief. He fell ill and died at Nanyang, aged fifty.
13
峰沉毅有膽略，得士卒心，當時號為驍將。 太祖嗟悼者久之。 贈華州刺史，諡曰襄威。
Yi Feng was steady, bold, and shrewd in battle; his men trusted him, and contemporaries called him a fierce commander. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai mourned him at length. He was posthumously made governor of Huazhou with the posthumous name Xiangwei, "Assisting in Might."
14
子昂嗣。 官至開府儀同三司。 朝廷追錄峰功，封昂鄭國公。 昂弟光，少以峯勳，賜爵安平縣侯，起家員外散騎常侍，累遷司土中大夫、左武伯，出為汾、涇、豳三州刺史，加開府儀同三司，進爵龍河縣公。 光弟春，少知名，歷官吏部下大夫、儀同三司。
His son Ang succeeded him. Ang rose to opening-office three-division court equipage. The court looked back on Yi Feng's service and enfeoffed Ang as Duke of Zheng. Ang's younger brother Guang entered service young on Yi Feng's merit, was made Marquis of Anping, rose from regular attendant of scattered cavalry to central grand prefect supervising earth and left martial earl, served as governor of Fen, Jing, and Bin provinces, received opening-office three-division court equipage, and was raised to Duke of Longhe. Guang's younger brother Chun was known from youth and served as grand prefect of officials in the ministry office with equal-to-three-division protocol.
15
劉亮中山人也，本名道德。 祖佑連，魏蔚州刺史。 父持真，鎮遠將軍、領民酋長。 魏大統中，以亮著勳，追贈車騎大將軍、儀同三司、恒州刺史。
Liu Liang came from Zhongshan; his original name was Daode. His grandfather Youlian was governor of Wei Prefecture. His father Chizhen was distant-quelling general and tribal chieftain commanding the people. During Western Wei's Datong era Liu Liang's service was rewarded posthumously with general of chariots and cavalry, equal-to-three-division protocol, and governor of Heng Province.
16
亮少倜儻，有從橫計略，姿貌魁傑，見者憚之。 普泰初，以都督從賀拔岳西征，解岐州圍，擊侯伏侯元進、万俟道洛、万俟醜奴、宿勤明達及諸賊，亮常先鋒陷陣。 以功拜大都督，封廣興縣子，邑五百戶。
Liu Liang was bold and resourceful from youth, with a imposing bearing that intimidated those who met him. At the start of Putai he followed Heba Yue west as commander, lifted the siege of Qi, and fought Hou Fuhou Yuanjin, Wanqij Daoluo, Wanqij Chounu, Suqin Mingda, and other rebels, often leading the charge himself. For his service he was made grand commander and enfeoffed Viscount of Guangxing with five hundred households.
17
侯莫陳悅害岳，亮與諸將謀迎太祖。 悅平，悅之黨豳州刺史孫定兒仍據州不下，涇、秦、靈等諸州悉與定兒相應，衆至數萬，推定兒為主，以拒義師。 太祖令亮襲之。 定兒以義兵猶遠，未為之備。 亮乃將二十騎，先豎纛於近城高嶺，即馳入城中。 定兒方置酒高會，卒見亮至，衆皆駭愕，莫知所為。 亮乃麾兵斬定兒，縣首，號令賊黨。 仍遙指城外纛，命二騎曰：「出追大軍。」 賊黨忷懼，一時降服。 於是諸州群賊，皆即歸款。
When Houmochen Yue murdered Heba Yue, Liu Liang and the other commanders plotted to raise up Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai. After Houmochen Yue was crushed, his ally Sun Ding'er still held Bin Province; Jing, Qin, Ling, and other prefectures rallied to him until his force numbered tens of thousands, with Ding'er as their leader opposing the loyalists. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai ordered Liu Liang to attack him. Sun Ding'er assumed the loyalists were still far off and made no preparations. Liu Liang took twenty horsemen, first raised a banner on a ridge near the city, then galloped straight in. Sun Ding'er was at a banquet when Liu Liang appeared; the whole company was stunned and did not know what to do. Liu Liang had his men behead Sun Ding'er, displayed the head, and issued orders to the rebel ranks. Still pointing at the banner on the ridge outside the city, he told two riders: "Go out and pursue the main army." The rebels panicked and surrendered on the spot. Thereafter the rebels of the surrounding provinces submitted at once.
18
亮以勇敢見知，為時名將，兼屢陳謀策，多合機宜。 太祖乃謂之曰：「卿文武兼資，即孤之孔明也。」 乃賜名亮，並賜姓侯莫陳氏。 十年，出為東雍州刺史。 為政清淨，百姓安之。 在職三歲，卒於州，時年四十。 喪還京師，太祖親臨之，泣而謂人曰：「股肱喪矣，腹心何寄！」 令鴻臚卿監護喪事。 追贈太尉，諡曰襄，配享太祖廟庭。
Liu Liang was famed for courage and repeatedly offered plans that fit the moment; he was counted among the great commanders of the day. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai told him: "You unite civil and military talent—you are my Kongming." He thereupon received the name Liang and the surname Houmochen. In the tenth year he was sent out as governor of East Yong Province. His rule was clean and quiet, and the people lived securely under him. After three years in office he died in the province, aged forty. When the coffin reached the capital Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai came in person, wept, and said: "I have lost my arms and thighs—where can I place my heart now!" He ordered the grand master of ceremonies to oversee the funeral. He was posthumously made grand commandant with the posthumous name Xiang and given a place in Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai's ancestral temple.
19
子昶，尚太祖女西河長公主。 大象中，位至柱國、秦靈二州總管。 以亮功，封彭國公，邑五千戶。 昶弟靖，天水郡守。 靖弟恭，開府儀同三司、饒陽縣伯。 恭弟幹，上儀同三司、褒中侯。
His son Chang married Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai's daughter, the Princess of West River. During the Daxiang era he rose to pillar-of-state and area commander of Qin and Ling provinces. For Liu Liang's service he was enfeoffed Duke of Peng with five thousand households. Chang's younger brother Jing was prefect of Tianshui commandery. Jing's younger brother Gong held opening-office three-division court equipage and the barony of Raoyang. Gong's younger brother Gan held upper equal-to-three-division protocol and the marquisate of Baozhong.
20
王德字天恩，代郡武川人也。 少善騎射，雖不經師訓，而以孝悌見稱。 魏永安二年，從爾朱榮討元顥，攻河內，應募先登。 以功除討夷將軍，進爵內官縣子。 又從賀拔岳討万俟醜奴，平之。 別封深澤縣男，邑二百戶，加龍驤將軍、中散大夫。 及侯莫陳悅害岳，德與寇洛等定議翊戴太祖。 加征西將軍、金紫光祿大夫、平涼郡守。 德雖不知書，至於斷決處分，良吏無以過也。 涇州所部五郡，而德常為最。
Wang De, styled Tian'en, came from Wuchuan in Dai commandery. He excelled at riding and archery from youth; though he had no formal schooling, he was praised for filial piety and brotherly respect. In Yongan 2 (529) he followed Erzhu Rong against Yuan Hao, attacked Henei, and was first over the wall when volunteers were called. For this he was made general for punishing the barbarians and raised to Viscount of Neiguan. He again followed Heba Yue against Wanqij Chounu and helped pacify him. He was separately enfeoffed Baron of Shenze with two hundred households and given general of soaring dragon and palace attendant-in-regular service. When Houmochen Yue murdered Heba Yue, Wang De and Kou Luo and others resolved to raise up Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai. He was further made campaign-west general, golden-purple light-in-the-distance grandee, and prefect of Pingliang commandery. Wang De could not read, yet in judgment and administration no capable official could match him. Among the five commanderies under Jing Province, Wang De's district was always ranked first.
21
德性厚重廉慎，言行無擇。 母年幾百歲，後德終。
Wang De was grave, honest, and cautious, consistent in word and deed. His mother lived to nearly a hundred and outlived him.
22
子慶，小名公奴，性謹厚。 官至開府儀同三司。 初德喪父，家貧無以葬，乃賣公奴幷一女以營葬事。 因遭兵亂，不復相知。 及德在平涼始得之，遂名曰慶。
His son Qing—pet name Gongnu—was cautious and steady by nature. Qing rose to opening-office three-division court equipage. When Wang De mourned his father the family was too poor to bury him, so he sold Gongnu and a daughter to pay for the funeral. War then scattered them and they lost contact. When Wang De was at Pingliang he found the boy at last and named him Qing, "Celebration."
23
史臣曰：梁禦等負將率之材，蘊驍銳之氣，遭逢喪亂，馳騖干戈，艱難險阻備嘗，而功名未立。 及殷憂啟聖，豫奉興王，參謀締構之初，宣力經綸之始，遂得連衡灌、酈，方駕張、徐，可謂遇其時也。 竝中年即世，遠志未申，惜哉！ 惠、德本以果毅知名，而能率由孝道，難矣。 圖史所歎，何以加焉。 勇者不必有仁，斯不然矣。
The historiographer writes: Liang Yu and the others had the makings of commanders and the mettle of fierce warriors; they endured the chaos of war and every hardship, yet won no lasting fame. When sorrow gave way to a founding sage they served the rising dynasty from the first, counselled at the start of its construction, and labored at the beginning of its ordering—so they could rank with Guan and Li and stand beside Zhang and Xu; they had truly met their moment. All died in middle age with their greater ambitions unfulfilled—alas! Guo Ganhui and Wang De were famed for bold resolve, yet also lived by filial duty—no small thing. Histories can scarcely praise them enough. The saying that courage need not bring benevolence does not apply here.
24
全文以中華書局、一九七一年版《周書》為本校。
This text was collated against the Zhonghua Shuju edition of the 《Book of Zhou》 (November 1971).