1
申徽陸通弟逞柳敏盧柔唐瑾
Biographies of Shen Hui, Lu Tong, Lu Cheng, Liu Min, Lu Rou, and Tang Jin
2
申徽字世儀，魏郡人也。 六世祖鐘，為後趙司徒。 冉閔末，中原喪亂，鐘子邃避地江左。 曾祖爽仕宋，位雍州刺史。 祖隆道，宋北兗州刺史。 父明仁，郡功曹，早卒。
Shen Hui, courtesy name Shiyi, came from Wei commandery. Six generations back, Zhong had served the Later Zhao as grand minister. When Ran Min fell and the heartland collapsed into chaos, Zhong's son Sui fled south across the Yangtze. His great-grandfather Shuang had served the Liu-Song court as inspector of Yong Province. His grandfather Longdao had been northern inspector of Yan Province under Song. His father Mingren served as a commandery merit officer and died young.
3
徽少與母居，盡心孝養。 及長，好經史。 性審慎，不妄交遊。 遭母憂，喪畢，乃歸於魏。 元顥入洛，以元邃為東徐州刺史，邃引徽為主簿。 顥敗，邃被檻車送洛陽，故吏賓客並委去，唯徽送之。 及邃得免，乃廣集賓友，歎徽有古人風。 尋除太尉府行參軍。
As a boy he lived alone with his mother and cared for her with complete devotion. When he came of age he took to the classics and histories. He was careful by temperament and would not keep company lightly. When his mourning for his mother was finished, he went back to Wei territory. When Yuan Hao took Luoyang, Yuan Sui was made inspector of Eastern Xu Province and took Hui on as his chief clerk. After Hao's defeat Sui was carted off to Luoyang in a prisoner's cage; former staff and guests all deserted him, and only Hui went along. Once Sui was cleared, he called a great gathering of friends and guests and praised Hui for the bearing of men of old. Before long he was made acting adjutant in the grand marshal's office.
4
孝武初，徽以洛陽兵難未已，遂間行入關見文帝。 文帝與語，奇之，薦之於賀拔岳。 岳亦雅相敬待，引為賓客。 文帝臨夏州，以徽為記室參軍，兼府主簿。 文帝察徽沉密有度量，每事信委之。 乃為大行臺郎中。 時軍國草創，幕府務殷，四方書檄，皆徽之辭也。 以迎孝武功，封博平縣子，本州大中正。 大統初，進爵為侯。 四年，拜中書舍人，修起居注。 河橋之役，大軍不利，近侍之官，分散者衆，徽獨不離左右。 魏帝稱歎之。 十年，遷給事黃門侍郎。
Early in Emperor Xiaowu's reign, with Luoyang still torn by war, Hui stole by hidden paths into the Pass to see Yuwen Tai. Yuwen Tai talked with him, was struck by his quality, and recommended him to Heba Yue. Heba Yue likewise received him with marked respect and kept him as a guest. When Yuwen Tai assumed charge at Xia Province, he made Hui recording secretary and also chief clerk of the headquarters. Yuwen Tai found him grave, close-mouthed, and steady in judgment, and in every affair relied on him fully. He was next appointed gentleman of the grand military commissionerate. The realm and its armies were still being built from nothing; the staff was overwhelmed with work, and dispatches from every direction went out in Hui's words. For service in welcoming Emperor Xiaowu he was enfeoffed viscount of Booping county and made grand rectifier of his home province. At the opening of the Datong era his title was raised to marquis. In the fourth year he became palace secretary and took charge of the imperial diary. At He Bridge the main force met disaster; attendants at court fled in numbers, but Hui alone never left his lord's side. The Wei emperor commended him for it. In the tenth year he was moved to supervising secretary and attendant at the gates.
5
先是，東陽王元榮為瓜州刺史，其女婿劉彥隨焉。 及榮死，瓜州首望表榮子康為刺史，彥遂殺康而取其位。 屬四方多難，朝廷不遑問罪，因授彥刺史。 頻征不奉詔，又南通吐谷渾，將圖叛逆。 文帝難於動衆，欲以權略致之。 乃以徽為河西大使，密令圖彥。 徽輕以五十騎行，旣至，止於賓館。 彥見徽單使，不以為疑。 徽乃遣一人微勸彥歸朝，以揣其意。 彥不從。 徽又使贊成其住計，彥便從之，遂來至館。 徽先與瓜州豪右密謀執彥，遂叱而縛之。 彥辭無罪。 徽數之曰：「君無尺寸之功，濫居方嶽之重。 恃遠背誕，不恭貢職，戮辱使人，輕忽詔命。 計君之咎，實不容誅。 但授詔之日，本令相送歸闕，所恨不得申明罰以謝邊遠耳。」 於是宣詔慰勞吏人及彥所部，復云大軍續至，城內無敢動者。 使還，遷都官尚書。
Some time before, Prince Dongyang Yuan Rong had been inspector of Gua Province, and his son-in-law Liu Yan had gone with him. After Rong's death the leading men of Gua Province petitioned to make Rong's son Kang inspector, but Yan murdered Kang and took the office for himself. With rebellion everywhere, the court could not spare troops to punish him and so confirmed Yan as inspector. Called to court again and again, he refused the summons; he also opened ties south to Tuyuhun and plotted rebellion. Yuwen Tai hesitated to commit a large force and hoped to take him by craft instead. He therefore sent Hui as envoy to Hexi with secret orders to seize Yan. Hui rode in lightly with only fifty horsemen, and on arrival put up at the official guest lodge. Yan saw that Hui had come as a lone envoy and raised no suspicion. Hui then sent a man to coax Yan toward returning to court, testing his mind. Yan refused. Hui next had someone praise his plan to remain where he was; Yan accepted and came to the lodge. Hui had already plotted with Gua Province's local powers to arrest Yan; now he cried out and had him bound. Yan protested that he was guiltless. Hui rebuked him: "You have done nothing to earn even a finger's breadth of credit, yet you usurp a frontier command. You trust in remoteness to defy the throne, neglect tribute, abuse imperial messengers, and treat edicts with contempt. Tally your crimes, and death would barely suffice. Yet the day I received my orders I was told only to escort you back to the capital; my one regret is that I cannot pronounce sentence here and satisfy the far frontier." He then read out the edict, reassuring officials, commoners, and Yan's men, and declared that a great army was close behind; no one in the city dared move. When he came back from the mission he was made minister of justice.
6
十二年，瓜州刺史成慶為城人張保所殺，都督令狐延等起義逐保，啟請刺史。 以徽信洽西土，拜假節、瓜州刺史。 徽在州五稔，儉約率下，邊人樂而安之。 十六年，征兼尚書右僕射，加侍中、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司。 廢帝二年，進爵為公，正右僕射，賜姓宇文氏。
In the twelfth year the inspector of Gua Province, Cheng Qing, was murdered by a townsman named Zhang Bao; area commander Linghu Yan and others rose up, expelled Bao, and asked the court for a new inspector. Because Hui was trusted throughout the west, he received provisional credentials and was appointed inspector of Gua Province. Hui governed the province for five years, living plainly and setting the tone himself; the frontier people were glad under him and lived in peace. In the sixteenth year he was recalled and made acting right vice minister of the masters of writing, with the added ranks of attendant-in-ordinary, general of fast cavalry, and opener of the way with equal third rank. In the second year of the deposed emperor his title rose to duke; he became full right vice minister and was granted the surname Yuwen.
7
徽性勤敏，凡所居官，案牘無大小，皆親自省覽。 以是事無稽滯，吏不得為姦。 後雖歷公卿，此志不懈。 出為襄州刺史。 時南方初附，舊俗，官人皆通餉遺。 徽性廉慎，乃畫楊震像於寢室以自戒。 及代還，人吏送者數十裏不絕。 徽自以無德於人，慨然懷愧，因賦詩題於清水亭。 長幼聞之，競來就讀。 遞相謂曰：「此是申使君手跡。」 並寫誦之。
Hui was industrious and alert; in every post he held he read every document himself, no matter how small. Nothing piled up unattended, and clerks had no room for fraud. Even after he rose through the highest offices, he never let that habit slip. He was sent out as inspector of Xiang Province. The south had only lately submitted, and by long custom local officials all passed gifts back and forth. Hui was scrupulous and wary of corruption; he hung a portrait of Yang Zhen in his sleeping room to keep himself honest. When his tour ended and he set out for the capital, officials and commoners followed him for dozens of li without breaking off. Hui felt he had given the people too little, flushed with shame, and wrote a poem he left inscribed at Qingshui Pavilion. Old and young alike heard of it and rushed to read it. They said to one another, "These are Prefect Shen's own lines." Everyone copied them out and committed them to memory.
8
明帝以御正任總絲綸，更崇其秩為上大夫，員四人，號大御正，又以徽為之。 曆小司空、少保，出為荊州刺史，入為小司徒、小宗伯。 天和六年，上疏乞骸骨，詔許之。 薨，贈泗州刺史，諡曰章。
Emperor Ming, finding that the director rectifier controlled imperial edicts and policy, raised the office to senior grand master with four holders, called grand director rectifier, and again appointed Hui to it. He served as junior minister of works and junior guardian, went out as inspector of Jing Province, and returned as junior minister of worship and junior minister of ritual. In the sixth year of Tianhe he submitted a memorial asking to retire on account of age; the throne granted it. He died and was posthumously made inspector of Si Province, with the posthumous name Zhang.
9
子康嗣。 位瀘州刺史，司織下大夫、上開府。 康弟敦，汝南郡守。 敦弟靜，齊安郡守。 靜弟處，上開府、同昌縣侯。 卒。
His son Kang inherited his place. He served as inspector of Lu Province, lower grand master of palace weaving, and upper opener of the way. Kang's younger brother Dun was administrator of Runan commandery. Dun's younger brother Jing was administrator of Qi'an commandery. Jing's younger brother Chu was upper opener of the way and marquis of Tongchang county. He passed away.
10
陸通字仲明，吳郡人也。 曾祖載，從宋武帝平關中，軍還，留載隨其子義真鎮長安，遂沒赫連氏。 魏太武平赫連氏，載仕魏任中山郡守。 父政，性至孝。 其母吳人，好食魚，北土魚少，政求之常苦難。 後宅側忽有泉出而有魚，遂得以供膳。 時人以為孝感所致，因謂其泉為孝魚泉。 初從爾朱天光討伐，及天光敗，歸文帝。 文帝為行臺，以政為行臺左丞、原州長史，賜爵中都縣伯。 大統中，卒。
Lu Tong, courtesy name Zhongming, came from Wu commandery. His great-grandfather Zai had marched with Emperor Wu of Song to pacify Guanzhong; when the army withdrew, Zai was left behind with Yizhen to hold Chang'an and was swallowed up by the Helian regime. After Emperor Taiwu of Wei destroyed the Helian, Zai entered Wei service and became administrator of Zhongshan commandery. His father Zheng was profoundly filial by nature. His mother came from Wu and loved fish; in the north fish were hard to come by, and Zheng's search for them was often a bitter struggle. Then a spring broke out beside the house with fish in it, and at last he could set fish before her every day. People of the day called it heaven's answer to filial devotion and named the spring the Filial Fish Spring. At first Zheng campaigned under Erzhu Tianguang; when Tianguang fell, he entered Yuwen Tai's service. When Yuwen Tai took command as military commissioner, he made Zheng left assistant of the commissionerate and chief administrator of Yuan Province and enfeoffed him baron of Zhongdu county. He died during the Datong era.
11
又從解洛陽圍。 軍還，屬趙青雀反于長安，文帝將討之，以人馬疲弊，不可速行。 又謂青雀等一時陸梁，不足為慮。 乃雲：「我到長安，但輕騎臨之，必當面縛。」 通進曰：「青雀等旣以大軍不利，謂朝廷傾危，同惡相求，遂成反亂。 然其逆謀久定，必無遷善之心。 且其詐言大軍敗績，東寇將至，若以輕騎往，百姓謂為信然，更沮兆庶之望。 大兵雖疲弊，精銳猶多。 以明公之威，率思歸之衆，以順討逆，何慮不平。」 文帝深納之，因從平青雀。 錄前後功，進爵為公，徐州刺史。 以寇難未平，留不之部。 與于謹討劉平伏，加大都督。 從文帝援玉壁，進儀同三司。
Lu Tong also marched when the siege of Luoyang was lifted. On the march home Zhao Qingque rose in rebellion at Chang'an; Yuwen Tai meant to crush him, but men and horses were exhausted and could not be hurried. He also judged Qingque and his sort to be momentary upstarts and no serious threat. So he said openly, "When I reach Chang'an I need only ride up with a light detachment—they will be trussed up before my face." Tong stepped forward: "Qingque and his fellows saw our main force defeated and think the dynasty is failing; birds of a feather, they have turned to rebellion. Their treason has been long in the making; they will not turn back to loyalty. They are already spreading lies that the great army was wiped out and eastern invaders are coming; if you ride in lightly, the people will believe it and lose heart completely. Our force is tired, but we still have plenty of crack troops. With your authority, leading men who yearn to come home, taking the righteous path against rebels—what is there to fear?" Yuwen Tai took the counsel to heart and marched with him to put down Qingque. His earlier and later achievements were entered on the rolls; he was raised to duke and made inspector of Xu Province. Because raids and rebellion had not yet ended, he was kept at headquarters and never took up the province. He campaigned with Yu Jin against Liu Pingfu and received the added title of grand area commander. He followed Yuwen Tai to the relief of Yubi and was promoted to opener of the way with equal third rank.
12
九年，高仲密以地來附，通從若干惠戰於邙山，衆軍皆退，唯惠與通率所部力戰。 至夜中乃陰引還，敵亦不敢逼。 進授驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、太僕卿，賜姓步六孤氏，進爵綏德郡公。 周孝閔踐阼，拜小司空。 保定五年，累遷大司寇。
In the ninth year, when Gao Zhongmi defected with his lands, Tong fought under Ruogan Hui at Mount Mang; every other corps fell back—only Hui and Tong held their men in hard combat. Near midnight they slipped away under cover; the enemy did not dare pursue. He was further made general of fast cavalry, opener of the way with equal third rank, and grand minister of stud; granted the surname Bulugu; and raised to Duke of the Commandery of Suide. When Emperor Xiaomin came to the throne, Tong was made junior minister of works. In the fifth year of Baoding he rose through successive posts to grand minister of crime.
13
通性柔謹，雖久處列位，常清慎自守。 所得祿賜，盡與親故共之，家無餘財。 常曰：「凡人患貧而不貴，不患貴而貧也。」 建德元年，轉大司馬。 其年薨。 通弟逞。
Tong was mild and cautious by nature; though he held high rank for many years, he always maintained a scrupulous reserve. He gave every stipend and gift to relatives and old friends and kept no surplus at home. He often said, "People fear poverty more than low rank; they do not fear high rank with empty coffers." In the first year of Jiande he was moved to grand marshal. He died that same year. Tong's younger brother was Cheng.
14
逞字季明。 初名彥，字世雄。 魏文帝常從容謂之曰：「爾旣溫裕，何因乃字世雄？ 且為世之雄，非所宜也。 于爾兄弟，又復不類。」 遂改焉。 逞少謹密，早有名譽。 兄通先以軍功別受茅土，乃讓父爵中都縣伯，令逞襲之。 起家羽林監、文帝內親信。 時輩皆以驍勇自達，唯逞獨兼文雅。 文帝由此加禮遇焉。 大統十四年，參大丞相府軍事，尋兼記室。 保定初，累遷吏部中大夫，曆 （藩） 〔蕃〕部、御伯中大夫，進驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，徙授司宗中大夫，轉軍司馬。 逞幹識詳明，歷任三府，所在著績。 朝廷嘉之，進爵為公。
Cheng, courtesy name Jiming. Originally his given name was Yan and his style Shixiong. Emperor Wen once said to him at leisure, "You are already mild and generous—why style yourself Hero of the Age? To be a hero of the age is hardly fitting. Among your brothers it suits you even less." The name was changed accordingly. From youth Cheng was careful and reserved and won an early reputation. His elder brother Tong had already received a separate fief for military merit, so he yielded their father's barony of Zhongdu and had Cheng inherit it. He entered service as director of the Feathered Forest Guard and a trusted inner attendant of Emperor Wen. His contemporaries all rose through martial daring; Cheng alone combined literary polish with it. Emperor Wen therefore treated him with special courtesy. In the fourteenth year of Datong he joined the grand chancellor's staff as military adviser and soon also served as recorder. At the opening of Baoding he rose step by step to senior master of the Ministry of Personnel, having held [emended: Fan] the Fan Department and senior master of the Imperial Guard; he was promoted to grand general of the flying cavalry with a grand mastership equal to the Three Ducal Ministers, transferred to senior master of the Director of Imperial Clansmen, and then made army marshal. Cheng's talent and judgment were precise; he served three great offices in turn and left a record of achievement wherever he went. The court praised him and he was raised to duke.
15
天和三年，齊遣侍中斛斯文略、中書侍郎劉逖來聘。 初修鄰好，盛選行人。 詔逞為使主，尹公正為副以報之。 逞美容止，善辭令，敏而有禮，齊人稱焉。 還屆近畿，詔令路車 （飾） 〔儀〕服，郊迎而入。 時人榮之。 四年，除京兆尹。 都界有豕生數子，經旬而死。 其家又有豶，遂乳養之，諸豚賴之以活。 時論以逞仁政所致。 俄遷司會中大夫，出為河州刺史。
In the third year of Tianhe Qi sent Attendant-in-Ordinary Husiwen Lue and Secretariat Gentleman Liu Ti on a friendly visit. Because good relations with the neighbor were being renewed, envoys were chosen with exceptional care. An edict made Cheng chief envoy and Yin Gongzheng his deputy for the return mission. Cheng had handsome presence, spoke well, and was quick yet courteous; the men of Qi praised him. When he returned and reached the capital outskirts, an edict ordered a court carriage with [emended: Yi] ceremonial regalia and a suburban welcome for his entry. Contemporaries counted this a great honor. In the fourth year he was appointed metropolitan governor of Jingzhao. In the capital district a sow farrowed several piglets and died after about ten days. The household also had a boar, which then suckled them; the piglets survived by his care. Public opinion took this as a sign of Cheng's benevolent rule. Soon he was transferred to senior master of the Director of Accounts and sent out as inspector of He.
16
晉公護雅重其才，表為中外府司馬，賴委任之。 尋復為司會，兼納言，遷小司馬。 及護誅，坐免官。 頃之，起為納言。 又以疾不堪劇任，乃除宜州刺史。 故事，刺史奉辭，例備鹵簿。 逞以時屬農要，奏請停之。 武帝深嘉焉，詔遂其所請，以彰雅操。 逞在州有惠政，吏人稱之。 東宮初建，授太子太保。 卒，贈大將軍。 子操嗣。
Duke of Jin Yuwen Hu greatly valued his ability, memorialized to make him marshal of the inner-and-outer office, and relied on him heavily. Soon he was again made director of accounts, concurrently chief censor, and promoted to junior marshal. When Yuwen Hu was executed, Cheng was dismissed from office on account of the connection. Before long he was recalled as chief censor. Again, because illness made strenuous duties impossible, he was appointed inspector of Yi. By precedent an inspector taking leave of the throne was furnished with a full guard-of-honor escort. Cheng, because it was the critical farming season, memorialized to dispense with it. Emperor Wu greatly approved; an edict granted his request to honor his refined character. In the province Cheng governed with kindness, and officials and people praised him. When the Eastern Palace was first established, he was made grand tutor of the heir apparent. He died and was posthumously honored as grand general. His son Cao inherited the line.
17
柳敏字白澤，河東解縣人，晉太常純之七世孫也。 父懿，魏車騎大將軍、儀同三司、汾州刺史。
Liu Min, courtesy name Baize, came from Jie County in Hedong and was seventh in descent from Jin's Grand Minister of Ceremonies Chun. His father Yi was Wei grand general of chariots and cavalry, equal in rank to the Three Ducal Ministers, and inspector of Fen.
18
敏九歲而孤，事母以孝聞。 性好學，涉獵經史，陰陽卜筮之術，靡不習焉。 年未弱冠，起家員外散騎侍郎。 累遷河東郡丞。 朝議以敏之本邑，故有此授。 敏雖統御鄉里，而處物平允，甚得時譽。
Min was orphaned at nine and was known for filial service to his mother. He loved learning and ranged through the classics and histories, yin-yang lore, and divination—there was little he did not study. Before coming of age he entered service as regular attendant of scattered cavalry outside the office. He rose step by step to assistant administrator of Hedong commandery. The court decided that because it was his home district, he should receive the post. Though he governed his own home region, he was even-handed in affairs and won wide esteem.
19
及文帝剋復河東，見而器異之，乃謂之曰：「今日不喜得河東，喜得卿也。」 卽拜丞相府參軍事。 俄轉戶曹參軍， （掌） 〔兼〕記室。 每有四方賓客，恒令接之，爰及吉凶禮儀，亦令監綜。 又與蘇綽等修撰新制，為朝廷政典。 遷禮部郎中，封武城縣子，加帥都督，領本鄉兵。 俄進大都督。 遭母憂，居喪旬日之間，鬢髮半白。 尋起為吏部郎中。 毀瘠過禮，杖而後起。 文帝見而歎異之，特加廩賜。 及尉遲迥伐蜀，以敏為行軍司馬。 軍中籌略，並以委之。 益州平，進驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，加侍中，遷尚書，賜姓宇文氏。 六官建，拜禮部中大夫。
When Emperor Wen recovered Hedong and met Min, he marveled at him and said, "Today I am not glad to have Hedong—I am glad to have you." He was immediately appointed staff officer of the chancellor's office. Soon he was moved to revenue-section staff officer, [emended: Jian] concurrently recorder. Whenever guests came from the four quarters he was ordered to receive them, and auspicious and mourning rites as well were placed under his oversight. With Su Chuo and others he compiled new regulations that became the court's administrative code. He was made bureau director of the Ministry of Rites, enfeoffed Viscount of Wucheng, given the added title commander-in-chief, and put in charge of militia from his home district. Soon he was promoted to grand commander-in-chief. When his mother died, within ten days of mourning his temples and hair had turned half white. Soon he was recalled as bureau director of the Ministry of Personnel. His mourning emaciation went beyond ritual; he could rise afterward only with a staff. Emperor Wen saw this, sighed in admiration, and granted him special rations and gifts. When Wei Chijiong marched against Shu, Min was made campaign army marshal. All military planning in the campaign was entrusted to him. When Yizhou was pacified he was promoted to grand general of the flying cavalry with a grand mastership equal to the Three Ducal Ministers, made attendant-in-ordinary, moved to chief minister, and granted the surname Yuwen. When the Six Offices were established he was appointed senior master of the Ministry of Rites.
20
孝閔帝踐阼，進爵為公，又除河東郡守，尋復征拜禮部。 出為郢州刺史，甚得物情。 及將還朝，夷夏士人感其惠政，並齎酒肴及土產候之於路。 敏乃從他道而還。 復拜禮部。 後改禮部為司宗，仍以敏為之。
When Emperor Xiaomin came to the throne he was raised to duke, made administrator of Hedong, and soon recalled again to the Ministry of Rites. Sent out as inspector of E, he won the people's hearts completely. When he was about to return to court, Chinese and non-Chinese gentry, grateful for his benevolent rule, lined the road with wine, food, and local products to see him off. Min then went back by another route. He returned to the Ministry of Rites. Later, when the Ministry of Rites was renamed the Director of Imperial Clansmen, Min remained in charge of it.
21
敏操履方正，性又恭勤，每日將朝，必夙興待旦。 又久處臺閣，明練故事，近 （議） 〔儀〕或乖先典者，皆按據舊章，刊正取中。 遷小宗伯，監修國史。 轉小司馬，又監修律令。 進位大將軍，出為鄜州刺史，以疾不之部。 武帝平齊，進爵武德郡公。 敏自建德以後，寢疾積年，武帝及宣帝並親幸其第問疾焉。
Min's conduct was upright and his nature respectful and diligent; every day before court he rose early and waited for dawn. Having long served in the ministries he knew precedent thoroughly; recently [emended: Yi] ceremonial matters that departed from ancient statutes were all checked against old rules, corrected, and brought to a balanced standard. He was made junior clan commander and overseer of compiling the national history. He was transferred to junior marshal and again oversaw compiling statutes and ordinances. Promoted to grand general, he was sent out as inspector of Fu but, owing to illness, never took up the post. When Emperor Wu conquered Qi he was raised to Duke of Wude commandery. From Jiande onward Min was bedridden for years; both Emperor Wu and Emperor Xuan personally visited his home to inquire after him.
22
昂字千里，幼聰穎有器識，幹局過人。 武帝時，為內史中大夫、開府儀同三司，賜爵文城郡公。 當途用事，百寮皆出其下。 昂竭誠獻替，知無不為，謙虛自處，未嘗驕物。 時論以此重之。 武帝崩，受遺輔政。 稍被宣帝疏，然不離本職。 隋文帝為丞相，深自結納。 文帝以為大宗伯。 拜日，遂得偏風，不能視事。 文帝受禪，疾愈，加上開府，拜潞州刺史。 昂見天下無事，上表請勸學行禮。 上覽而善之，優詔答昂。 自是天下州縣皆置博士習禮焉。 昂在州甚有惠政。 卒官。 子調嗣。
Ang, courtesy name Qianli, was clever and far-sighted from youth; his administrative talent surpassed others. Under Emperor Wu he was senior master of the Internal Secretary, held a grand mastership equal to the Three Ducal Ministers, and was enfeoffed Duke of Wencheng commandery. He held power at court, and all officials ranked below him. Ang served with full loyalty and frank counsel, doing all he could; he kept himself modest and never acted arrogantly toward others. Contemporaries for this reason held him in high esteem. When Emperor Wu died, he received the dying charge and helped govern. Emperor Xuan gradually kept him at a distance, yet he did not leave his original post. When Sui Emperor Wen was chancellor, Ang cultivated close ties with him. Emperor Wen appointed him grand clan commander. On the day of his appointment he suddenly suffered hemiplegia and could not perform his duties. When Emperor Wen of Sui took the throne, Ang recovered from illness, was given additional opening-office status, and was made governor of Lu Prefecture. Seeing the realm at peace, Ang memorialized asking the court to encourage learning and the practice of ritual. The emperor read it and approved; a gracious edict answered Ang. Thereafter every prefecture and county in the realm established erudites to study ritual. Ang governed the province with marked benevolence. He passed away while still holding office. His son Diao succeeded him.
23
盧柔字子剛。 少孤，為叔母所養，撫視甚於其子。 柔盡心溫凊，亦同己親。 宗族歎重之。 性聰敏，好學，未弱冠，解屬文，但口吃不能持論。 頗使酒誕節，為世所譏。 司徒、臨淮王彧見而器之，以女妻焉。
Lu Rou, courtesy name Zigang. Orphaned young, he was raised by his aunt, who cared for him even more than for her own sons. Rou warmed her in winter and cooled her in summer with complete devotion, as though she were his own mother. The clan admired and respected him. Clever and studious by nature, he could write polished prose before he came of age, but he stuttered and could not sustain an argument in speech. He drank heavily and lived without restraint, and people mocked him for it. Minister of Works and Prince of Linhuai Yuan Yu noticed and valued him and gave him his daughter in marriage.
24
及魏孝武與齊神武有隙，詔賀拔勝出牧荊州，柔謂因此可著功績，遂從勝之荊州。 以柔為大行臺郎中，掌書記。 軍中機務，柔多預之。 及勝為太保，以柔為掾，加冠軍將軍。 孝武后召勝引兵赴洛，勝以問柔。 曰：「高歡托晉陽之甲，意實難知。 公宜席捲赴都，與決勝負，存沒以之，此忠之上策也。 若北阻魯陽，南幷舊楚，東連兗、豫，西接關中，帶甲十萬，觀釁而動，亦中策也。 舉三荊之地，通款梁國，可以身免，功名去矣。 策之下者。」 勝輕柔年少，笑而不應。
When Emperor Xiaowu of Wei and Gao Huan fell out, an edict sent Heba Sheng to take charge of Jing Province; Rou thought he could win distinction by it and followed Sheng there. Rou was made gentleman of the grand mobile headquarters and put in charge of records. He often took part in the army's critical business. Once Sheng was made grand guardian, Rou joined his staff as a general of the victorious army. Later Emperor Xiaowu summoned Sheng to bring troops to Luoyang, and Sheng asked Rou's counsel. Rou said, "Gao Huan relies on the armies of Jinyang, and his intent is hard to read. Your Grace should sweep to the capital, decide victory or defeat with him, and stake life on the outcome—that is the loyal upper plan. If you hold Luyang in the north, join old Chu in the south, link Yan and Yu in the east, and tie to Guanzhong in the west, with one hundred thousand armored men watch for an opening and move—that is the middle plan. Raise the three Jing provinces and open friendly ties with Liang—you may save yourself, but fame and achievement are lost. That would be the least of the plans." Sheng looked down on Rou for his youth, smiled, and made no answer.
25
及孝武西遷，東魏遣侯景襲穰，勝敗，遂南奔梁。 柔亦從之。 勝頻表梁求歸，武帝覽表，嘉其辭彩。 旣知柔所制，因遣舍人勞問，幷遺縑錦。 後與勝俱還，行至襄陽，齊神武懼勝西入，遣侯景以輕騎邀之。 勝及柔懼，乃棄船山行，贏糧冒險，經數百里。 時屬秋霖，徒侶凍餒，死者太半。 至豐陽界，柔迷失道，獨宿僵木之下，寒雨衣濕，殆至於死。
When Xiaowu moved westward, Eastern Wei dispatched Hou Jing against Xiang; Sheng was routed and fled south into Liang territory. Rou followed him. Sheng repeatedly memorialized Liang asking to return north; Emperor Wu of Liang read the memorials and praised their literary polish. Learning that Rou had written them, he sent a palace attendant with greetings and also bestowed silk and brocade. Later, returning north with Sheng, they reached Xiangyang; Gao Huan feared Sheng would go west and sent Hou Jing with light cavalry to cut them off. Sheng and Rou, in fear, abandoned their boats and traveled by mountain paths, carrying grain on their backs through peril for several hundred li. Autumn rains had set in; companions froze and starved, and more than half died on the road. At the border of Fengyang, Rou lost the road and slept alone beneath a dead tree, cold rain soaking his clothes until he was near death.
26
大統二年，至長安。 封容城縣男，邑二百戶。 太祖重其才，引為行臺郎中，加平東將軍，除從事中郎，與蘇綽對掌機密。 時沙苑之後，大軍屢捷，汝、潁之間，多舉義來附。 書翰往反，日百餘牒。 柔隨機報答，皆合事宜。 進爵為子，增邑三百戶，除中書舍人。 遷司農少卿，轉郎，兼著作，撰起居注。 後拜黃門侍郎。 文帝知其貧，解衣賜之。 魏廢帝元年，加軍騎大將軍、儀同三司、散騎常侍、中書監。
In Datong year two he arrived at Chang'an. He received enfeoffment as baron of Rongcheng county, with a fief of two hundred households. Grand Progenitor Yuwen Tai valued his talent, brought him in as gentleman of the mobile headquarters, added general who pacifies the east, made him attendant gentleman, and paired him with Su Chuo to share confidential affairs. After Shayuan the great army won again and again; between the Ru and Ying rivers many districts rose in allegiance and submitted. Letters went back and forth at a rate of more than a hundred dispatches a day. Rou answered as circumstances required, and every reply fit the occasion. His rank rose to viscount, his fief grew by three hundred households, and he was named palace secretary. He was transferred to vice minister of the grand commissariat, then to gentleman, and concurrently compiled the imperial diary. He was later made attendant at the yellow gates. Yuwen Tai knew he was poor and gave him the coat off his own back. In the first year of the deposed emperor of Wei he was given the added ranks of grand general of the cavalry, equal in three departments, attendant-in-ordinary of scattered cavalry, and supervisor of the palace secretariat.
27
孝閔帝踐阼，拜小內史，遷內史大夫，進位開府。 卒於位。 所作詩頌碑銘檄表啟行於世者數十篇。 子愷嗣。
When Emperor Xiaomin took the throne, he was made junior imperial secretary, then grand imperial secretary, and advanced to opening-office. He died in his post. Several tens of his poems, eulogies, stele inscriptions, proclamations, memorials, and notes circulated in the world. His son Kai succeeded him.
28
愷字長仁。 涉獵經史，有當世幹能。 起家齊王記室。 曆吏部、內史上士，禮部下大夫。 尋為聘陳副使。 大象初，拜東京吏部下大夫。
Kai, courtesy name Changren. He ranged through the classics and histories and had practical ability for his age. His career opened as recorder in the household of the Prince of Qi. He held posts as upper gentleman in the Ministry of Personnel and the imperial secretariat, and as lower grandee of the Ministry of Rites. Soon he was deputy envoy on a marriage mission to Chen. At the opening of the Daxiang era he was made lower grandee of the Ministry of Personnel in the Eastern Capital.
29
唐瑾字附璘。 父永。 性溫恭，有器量，博涉經史，雅好屬文。 身長八尺二寸，容貌甚偉。 年十七，周文聞其名，乃貽永書曰：「聞公有二子：曰陵，從橫多武略； 瑾，雍容富文雅。 可並遣入朝，孤欲委以文武之任。」 因召拜尚書員外郎、相府記室參軍事。 軍書羽檄，瑾多掌之。 從破沙苑，戰河橋，並有功，封姑臧縣子。 累遷尚書右丞、吏部郎中。 于時魏室播遷，庶務草創，朝章國典，瑾並參之。 遷戶部尚書，進位驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，賜姓宇文氏。
Tang Jin, courtesy name Fulai. His father was Yong. He was mild and respectful by nature, with breadth of mind; he ranged widely through the classics and histories and dearly loved literary composition. He stood eight feet two inches tall and had a very imposing appearance. At seventeen, Yuwen Tai heard of him and wrote Yong: "I hear you have two sons: Ling, versatile and full of military stratagem; and Jin, composed in bearing and rich in literary grace. Send them both to court; I mean to entrust them with civil and military duties." Thereupon he was summoned and appointed outside-service gentleman of the masters of writing and recorder-staff officer in the chancellor's household. Military correspondence and urgent dispatches fell largely to Jin. He took part in breaking Shayuan and fighting at He Bridge, had merit in both, and was enfeoffed viscount of Guniang county. He rose to right assistant of the masters of writing and gentleman of the Ministry of Personnel. At that time the Wei court had been driven into exile and every affair was being built from scratch; Jin took part in shaping court regulations and state statutes. He was transferred to minister of the grand commissariat, advanced to grand general of the agile cavalry and opening-office equal in three departments, and granted the surname Yuwen.
30
時燕公于謹勳高望重，朝野所屬。 白文帝，言瑾學行兼修，願與之同姓，結為兄弟，庶子孫承其餘論，有益義方。 文帝歎異者久之，更賜瑾姓 （萬） 〔万〕紐于氏。 瑾乃深相結納，敦長幼之序； 謹亦庭羅子孫，行弟侄之敬。 其為朝望所宗如此。 進爵臨淄縣伯，轉吏部尚書。 銓綜衡流，雅有人倫之鑒。 以父憂去職，尋起令視事。 時六尚書皆一時之秀，周文自謂得人，號為六俊。 然瑾尤見器重。
At that time Duke of Yan Yu Jin had high merit and great renown and was the hope of court and country. He told Yuwen Tai that Jin's learning and conduct were both cultivated, that he wished to share a surname and become sworn brothers, so that their descendants might inherit their mutual teaching and benefit right conduct in the family. Yuwen Tai marveled for a long while, then further granted Jin the surname [variant: Wan] of the Niuyu clan. Jin then formed a deep bond with him and upheld the proper order between elder and younger; Yu in turn gathered his descendants in the courtyard to observe the respect due between younger brothers and nephews. Thus he was revered by the leading men of the court. His peerage rose to baron of Linzi county and he was transferred to minister of personnel. In weighing and judging men, he had fine discernment in human relations. When his father died he left office; soon he was recalled and ordered to resume duties. At the time all six ministers were talents of the age; Yuwen Tai considered that he had found his men and called them the Six Outstanding. Yet Jin above all won his trust and regard.
31
于謹南伐江陵，以瑾為元帥府長史。 軍中謀略，多出瑾焉。 江陵旣平，衣冠仕伍，並沒為僕隸。 瑾察其才行，有片善者，輒議免之，賴瑾獲濟者甚衆。 時論多焉。 及軍還，諸將多因虜掠，大獲財物。 瑾一無所取，唯得書兩車，載之以歸。 或白文帝曰：「唐瑾大有輜重，悉是梁朝珍玩。」 文帝初不信之，然欲明其虛實，密遣使檢閱之，唯見墳籍而已。 乃歎曰：「孤知此人來二十許年，明其不以利干義。 向若不令檢視，恐常人有投杼之疑，所以益明之耳。 凡受人委任，當如此也。」 論平江陵功，進爵為公。
When Yu Jin marched south against Jiangling, Jin was appointed chief clerk of the commander-in-chief's office. Most of the army's stratagems originated with Jin. When Jiangling fell, gentry and rank-and-file alike were seized as bond-servants. Jin examined their conduct and ability; where any trace of merit appeared, he would propose release, and many owed their deliverance to him. Contemporaries praised this at length. When the army returned, many generals had gained great stores of goods through plunder of captives. Jin took nothing for himself, obtaining only two cartloads of books, which he carried home. Someone reported to Yuwen Tai, "Tang Jin has great baggage trains, all Liang court treasures and curios." Yuwen Tai at first did not believe it, but wishing to clarify fact from falsehood, secretly sent an envoy to inspect; only books were found. He then sighed and said, "I have known this man for some twenty years and understand that he does not let profit bend principle. Had I not ordered an inspection, I feared ordinary people would harbor the suspicion of the mother who cast away her shuttle—therefore I made the truth clearer still. Everyone who accepts another's trust ought to conduct himself in this way." For merit in pacifying Jiangling, he was raised to duke.
32
六官建，授禮部中大夫，出為蔡州刺史。 歷 （柘） 〔拓〕州、硤州，所在皆有德化，人吏稱之。 轉荊州總管府長史。 入為吏部中大夫，歷御正、納言中大夫。 曾未十旬，遂遷四職，搢紳以為榮。 久之，除司宗中大夫，兼內史。 尋卒于位。 贈小宗伯，諡曰方。
With the establishment of the six offices, he was made lower grandee of the Ministry of Rites and sent out to govern Cai Prefecture. He also served as governor of [variant: Zhe] Tuo Prefecture and Xia Prefecture; everywhere he governed with virtuous influence, and officials and the people praised him. He was transferred to serve as chief clerk of the general headquarters of Jing Province. He entered court as lower grandee of the Ministry of Personnel and went on to serve as lower grandee of the Imperial Rectifier and the Censor of Speech. In fewer than ten weeks he passed through four posts; gentry and officials counted it an honor. After some time Tang Jin was made master-of-clans middle grandee and concurrently Inner Scribe. Before long he died while holding his post. He was posthumously made lesser director of the clan, with the posthumous name Fang.
33
瑾性方重，有風格。 退朝休 （暇） 〔假〕，恒著衣冠以對妻子。 遇迅雷風烈，雖閑夜宴寢，必起，冠帶端笏危坐。 又好施與，家無餘財，所得祿賜，常散之宗族。 其尤貧者，又割膏腴田宇以賑之。 所留遺子孫者，並磽埆之地。 朝野以此稱之。 撰《新儀》十篇。 所著賦頌碑誄二十餘萬言。 孫大智嗣。
Tang Jin was upright and dignified by nature and had real bearing. When he left court on his [variant: xiá] days off he always wore cap and robes when with wife and children. When thunder crashed and winds howled, even in the dead of night at rest in bed he would rise, put on cap and sash, hold his tablet upright, and sit formally. He also loved to give. The household kept no surplus wealth, and whatever salary and gifts he received he regularly shared among his clan. For the poorest among them he even carved off fertile fields and houses to relieve their want. What he left his descendants was nothing but poor, stony soil. Court and countryside alike praised him for it. He wrote New Rites in ten chapters. His fu, eulogies, stele inscriptions, and dirges together ran to more than two hundred thousand words. His grandson Dazhi succeeded him.
34
瑾次子令則，性好篇章，兼解音律，文多輕豔，為時人所傳。 天和中，以齊馭下大夫使於陳。 大象中，官至樂部下大夫。 仕隋，位太子左庶子。 皇太子勇廢，被誅。
Tang Jin's second son Lingze loved literary composition by nature, also understood musical pitch, and wrote in a florid, showy style that men of the day passed around. In the Tianhe era he went as envoy to Chen while holding the rank of Qi charioteer lower grandee. In the Daxiang era he rose to Music Bureau lower grandee. Under Sui he served as Left Assistant to the Crown Prince. When Crown Prince Yong was deposed, Tang Lingze was executed.
35
全文以中華書局、一九七一年十一月版《周書》為本校。
This text was collated against the Zhonghua Shuju edition of the 《Book of Zhou》 (November 1971).