1
資治通鑑第126卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 126
2
【宋紀八】起重光單閼，盡玄黓執徐，凡二年。
[Song Records 8] From Chongguang danyue through Xuanyi zhixu—a span of two years.
3
太祖文皇帝下之上元嘉二十八年（ 辛卯，公元四五一年）
From the upper section of the reign of Emperor Wen, the Literary Emperor—Yuanjia, year twenty-eight ( xinmao, 451 CE)
4
春，正月，丙戌朔，魏主大會群臣於瓜步山上，班爵行賞有差。 魏人緣江舉火； 太子石衛率尹弘言於上曰：「六夷如此，必走。」 丁亥，魏掠居民、焚廬舍而去。
In spring, on the first day of the first month (bingxu), the Wei emperor gathered his ministers on Mount Guabu and conferred titles and rewards according to merit. Along the riverbank, the Wei troops kindled bonfires; Yin Hong, an attendant of the Crown Prince's guard, told the emperor, "The northerners are behaving this way—they will surely withdraw." On dinghai, the Wei raiders seized civilians, burned the homes, and withdrew.
5
故誕世之反也，江夏王義恭等奏彭城王義康數有怨言，搖動民聽，故不逞之族因以生心，請徙義康廣州。 上將徙義康，先遣使語之，義康曰：「人生會死，吾豈愛生！ 必為亂階，雖遠何益！ 請死於此，恥復屢遷。」 竟未及往。 魏師之瓜步，人情忷懼。 上慮不逞之人復奉義康為亂； 太子劭及武陵王駿、尚書左僕射何尚之屢啟宜早為之所； 上乃遣中書舍人嚴龍繼藥賜義康死。 義康不肯服，曰：「佛教不許自殺； 願隨宜處分。」 使者以被掩殺之。
In the wake of Liu Dan's revolt, Prince Yigong of Jiangxia and others reported that Prince Yikang of Pengcheng had voiced repeated grievances that stirred public sentiment, giving malcontents an opening; they asked that Yikang be exiled to Guangzhou. Before relocating Yikang, the emperor sent an envoy to tell him. Yikang replied, "Everyone must die someday—do you think I cling to life? I will surely become a pretext for rebellion—what good is exile? Let me die here—I am ashamed to be uprooted yet again." In the end he never made the journey. When the Wei army advanced to Guabu, the populace was seized with panic. The emperor worried that malcontents might again rally behind Yikang to foment rebellion; the Crown Prince Shao, Prince Jun of Wuling, and He Shangzhi, Left Vice Director of the Secretariat, repeatedly urged swift action; the emperor then sent Yan Long, a Secretariat attendant, with poison to order Yikang's death. Yikang refused the poison and said, "Buddhism forbids suicide; do with me as you will." The envoy smothered him with a quilt instead.
6
江夏王義恭以碻磝不可守，召王玄謨還歷城； 魏人追擊敗之，遂取碻磝。
Prince Yigong of Jiangxia decided Que'ao was indefensible and recalled Wang Xuemo to Licheng; the Wei pursued, routed his force, and seized Que'ao.
7
初，上聞魏將入寇，命廣陵太守劉懷之逆燒城府、船乘，盡帥其民渡江。 山陽太守蕭僧珍悉斂其民入城，台送糧仗詣盱眙及滑台者，以路不通，皆留山陽； 蓄陂水令滿，須魏人至，決以灌之。 魏人過山陽，不敢留，因攻盱眙。
Earlier, on word that the Wei were invading, the emperor ordered Liu Huaizhi, Administrator of Guangling, to burn the government offices and ships beforehand and lead the entire population south across the Yangtze. Xiao Sengzhen, Administrator of Shanyang, gathered everyone into the city; supplies bound for Xuyi and Huatai from the capital were all held at Shanyang because the roads were cut; he filled the reservoir and planned to breach the dam and flood the Wei when they arrived. The Wei passed through Shanyang without stopping and pressed on to besiege Xuyi.
8
魏主就臧質求酒，質封溲便與之； 魏主怒，築長圍，一夕而合； 運東山土石以填塹，作浮橋於君山，絕水陸道。 魏主遺質書曰：「吾今所遣鬥兵，盡非我國人，城東北是丁零與胡，南是氐、羌。 設使丁零死，正可減常山、趙郡賊； 胡死，減并州賊； 氐、羌死，減關中賊。 卿若殺之，無所不利。」 質復書曰：「省示，具悉奸懷。 爾自恃四足，屢犯邊境。 王玄謨退於東，申坦散於西，爾知其所以然邪？ 爾獨不聞童謠之言乎？ 蓋卯年未至，故以二軍開飲江之路耳； 冥期使然，非復人事。 寡人受命相滅，期之白登，師行未遠。 爾自送死，豈容復令爾生全，饗有桑干哉！ 爾有幸得為亂兵所殺，不幸則生相鎖縛，載以一驢，直送都市耳。 我本圖全，若天地無靈，力屈於爾，齏之，粉之，屠之，裂之，猶未足以謝本朝。 爾智識及眾力，豈能勝苻堅邪！ 今春雨已降，兵方四集，爾但安意攻城，勿遽走！ 糧食乏者可見語，當出廩相貽。 得所送劍刀，欲令我揮之爾身邪！」 魏主大怒，作鐵床，於其上施鐵鑱，曰：「破城得質，當坐之此上。」 質又與魏眾書曰：「爾語虜中諸士庶：佛狸見與書，相待如此。 爾等正朔之民，何為自取縻滅，豈可不知轉禍為福邪！」 並寫台格以與之云：「斬佛狸首，封萬戶侯，賜布、絹各萬匹。」
The Wei emperor asked Zang Zhi for wine; Zhi sent him a sealed jar of urine instead; enraged, the Wei emperor threw up a siege line that closed in a single night; he hauled earth and stone from East Hill to fill the moat, built a pontoon bridge at Jun Hill, and severed both land and water access to the city. The Wei emperor wrote to Zhi: "The troops I have sent to fight are none of them my own people. Northeast of your city are Dingling and Hu; to the south are Di and Qiang. If the Dingling die, you only reduce the rebels of Changshan and Zhao; if the Hu die, you reduce the rebels of Bing; if the Di and Qiang die, you reduce the rebels of Guanzhong. Slay them and you lose nothing." Zhi wrote back: "I have read your message and see your treacherous intent plainly. You beasts on four legs have raided our borders again and again. Wang Xuemo withdrew in the east and Shen Tan broke up in the west—do you know why? Have you not heard the children's rhyme? The mao year has not yet come—that is why the two armies were sent only to open the road for drinking the Yangtze; fate ordains it—this is no longer within human control. I have received the mandate to destroy you; we shall meet at Baideng, and our army has scarcely set out. You march to your own deaths—how could I let you survive to feast on the Sanggan again! If you are lucky you will die in the rout; if not, you will be taken alive in chains, loaded on a donkey, and hauled straight to the capital. I meant to spare you; but if Heaven and Earth fail me and I fall to you, even to mince, powder, slaughter, and rend you would not suffice to atone to our dynasty. Do you imagine your wits and numbers can surpass Fu Jian! The spring rains have come and armies are converging from every quarter—settle in for the siege and do not flee in haste! If you run short of grain, say so—I will send supplies from our granaries. You received the swords and blades I sent—do you want me to use them on you personally!" The Wei emperor flew into a rage, had an iron bed made with iron spikes on it, and declared, "When the city falls and we take Zhi, he shall sit on this." Zhi also wrote to the Wei troops: "Tell all the officers and commoners in the enemy camp: this is how Folai has treated me in his letters. You are subjects of the true calendar—why court ruin and captivity? Do you not know how to turn disaster to your advantage!" He copied the court's reward schedule and circulated it: "Whoever brings Folai's head shall be enfeoffed as Marquis of Ten Thousand Households and receive ten thousand bolts each of cloth and silk."
9
魏人以鉤車鉤城樓，城內系以驅緪，數百人唱呼引之，車不能退。 既夜，縋桶懸卒出，截其鉤，獲之。 明日，又以沖車攻城，城土堅密，每至，頹落不過數升。 魏人乃肉薄登城，分番相代，墜而復升，莫有退者，殺傷萬計，屍與城平。 凡攻之三旬，不拔。 會魏軍中多疾疫，或告以建康遣水軍自海入淮，又敕彭城斷其歸路； 二月，丙辰朔，魏主燒攻具退走。 盱眙人欲追之，沈璞曰：「今兵不多，雖可固守，不可出戰； 但整舟楫，示若欲北渡者，以速其走，計不須實行也。」
The Wei deployed hook-carts to snag the city towers; defenders tied heavy ropes inside the wall, and hundreds of men hauled and chanted in unison until the carts could not be pulled back. That night they lowered buckets on ropes, sent men out to cut the hooks, and seized them. The next day they brought up battering rams again; the walls were so firm that each blow dislodged only a few handfuls of earth. The Wei then stormed the walls at close quarters, rotating assault teams in shifts; men who fell climbed again, and none retreated. Casualties ran into the tens of thousands, and the dead piled level with the ramparts. The assault lasted thirty days in all, yet the city did not fall. Pestilence swept the Wei camp, and word came that Jiankang had dispatched a fleet from the sea into the Huai, while Pengcheng had been ordered to cut off their retreat; In the second month, on the bingchen new moon, the Wei emperor burned his siege equipment and withdrew. The people of Xuyi wanted to pursue. Shen Pu said, "We have few troops; we can hold the city, but we cannot sally out to fight; only ready the boats and feign a crossing north to hurry them on their way—the plan need not actually be executed."
10
臧質以璞城主，使之上露板，璞固辭，歸功於質。 上聞，益嘉之。
Zang Zhi, recognizing Pu as the city's defender, had him submit the victory report; Pu firmly declined and credited Zhi instead. When the emperor heard of this, he praised Pu all the more.
11
魏師過彭城，江夏王義恭震懼不敢擊。 或告「虜驅南口萬餘，夕應宿安王陂，去城數十里，今追之，可悉得。」 諸將皆請行，義恭禁不許。 明日，驛使至，上敕義恭悉力急追。 魏師已遠，義恭乃遣鎮軍司馬檀和之向蕭城。 魏人先已聞之。 盡殺所驅者而去。 程天祚逃歸。
As the Wei army passed Pengcheng, Prince Yigong of Jiangxia was too terrified to attack. Someone reported, "The enemy is driving more than ten thousand captives from the south; tonight they should camp at Prince An's Mound, a few tens of li from the city—pursue now and we can recover them all." All the generals begged to go, but Yigong refused permission. The next day a courier arrived with orders from the emperor commanding Yigong to pursue with all speed. The Wei army was already far away; only then did Yigong send Tan Hezhi, Army Marshal of the Pacification Force, toward Xiaocheng. The Wei had already gotten wind of it. They slaughtered all the captives they had been driving and marched on. Cheng Tianzuo escaped and returned.
12
魏人凡破南兗、徐、兗、豫、青、冀六州，殺掠不可勝計，丁壯者即加斬截，嬰兒貫於槊上，盤舞以為戲。 所過郡縣，赤地無餘，春燕歸，巢於林木。 魏之士馬死傷亦過半，國人皆尤之。
The Wei overran the six provinces of Southern Yan, Xu, Yan, Yu, Qing, and Ji; the slaughter and plunder were beyond reckoning. Able-bodied men were cut down on the spot; infants were impaled on spears and spun about for amusement. Every county and commandery they passed was left utterly bare; when the spring swallows returned, they nested in the woods. Wei casualties among men and horses also exceeded half, and the people of the state all blamed the emperor.
13
上每命將出師，常授以成律，交戰日時，亦待中詔，是以將帥趑趄，莫敢自決。 又江南白丁，輕進易退，此其所以敗也。 自是邑裡蕭條，元嘉之政衰矣。
Whenever the emperor sent generals into the field, he gave them rigid battle plans; even the day and hour of engagement awaited a central edict, so commanders hesitated and dared not act on their own. Moreover, Jiangnan's raw conscripts advance rashly and retreat readily—this is why they were defeated. From this point towns and villages lay in ruin, and the prosperity of the Yuanjia era waned.
14
癸酉，詔賑恤郡縣民遭寇者，蠲其稅調。
On guiyou, an edict ordered relief for the people of ravaged commanderies and counties and remitted their taxes and levies.
15
甲戌，降太尉義恭為驃騎將軍、開府儀同三司。
On jiaxu, Grand Commandant Yigong was demoted to General of Agile Cavalry with privilege of an office equal to the Three Excellencies.
16
戊寅，魏主濟河。
On wuyin, the Wei emperor crossed the river.
17
辛巳，降鎮軍將軍武陵王駿為北中郎將。
On xinsi, Prince Jun of Wuling, General of the Pacification Army, was demoted to General of the North Center.
18
壬午，上如瓜步。 是日，解嚴。
On renwu, the emperor went to Guabu. That same day martial law was lifted.
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初，魏中書學生盧度世，玄之子也，坐崔浩事亡命匿高陽鄭羆家。 吏囚羆子，掠治之。 羆戒其子曰：「君子殺身成仁，雖死不可言。」 其子奉父命，吏以火爇其體，終不言而死。 及魏主臨江，上遣殿上將軍黃延年使於魏，魏主問曰：「盧度世亡命，已應至彼。」 延年曰：「都下不聞有度世也。」 魏主乃赦度世及其族逃亡籍沒者。 度世自出，魏主以為中書侍郎。 度世為其弟娶鄭羆妹以報德。
Earlier, Lu Dushi, a Wei Secretariat student and son of Lu Xuan, had fled into hiding at the home of Zheng Pi of Gaoyang because of the Cui Hao affair. Officials imprisoned Zheng Pi's son and tortured him for information. Pi warned his son, "A gentleman dies for righteousness—even facing death, he must not speak." The son obeyed; officials burned his body with fire, and he died without ever speaking. When the Wei emperor reached the Yangtze, the Song emperor sent Palace General Huang Yannian as envoy. The Wei emperor asked, "Lu Dushi fled to your realm—he should have arrived by now." Yannian replied, "We have heard nothing of Dushi in the capital." The Wei emperor then amnestied Dushi and his clan members who had fled and whose property had been confiscated. Dushi surrendered himself, and the Wei emperor appointed him Vice Director of the Secretariat. Dushi had his younger brother marry Zheng Pi's sister to repay the family's loyalty.
20
三月，乙酉，帝還宮。
In the third month, on yiyou, the emperor returned to the palace.
21
己亥，魏主還平城，飲至告廟，以降民五萬餘家分置近畿。
On jihai, the Wei emperor returned to Pingcheng, held a victory feast and reported to the ancestral temple, and resettled more than fifty thousand surrendered households in districts near the capital.
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初，魏主過彭城，遣人語城中曰：「食盡且去，須麥熟更來。」 及期，江夏王義恭議欲芟麥翦苗，移民堡聚。 鎮軍錄事參軍王孝孫曰：「虜不能復來，既自可保； 如其更至，此議亦不可立。 百姓閉在內城，饑饉日久，方春之月，野采自資； 一入堡聚，餓死立至，民知必死，何可制邪！ 虜若必來，芟麥無晚。」 四坐默然，莫之敢對。 長史張暢曰：』孝孫之議，實有可尋。」 鎮軍府典簽董元嗣侍武陵王駿之側，進曰：「王錄事議不可奪。」 別駕王子夏曰：「此論誠然。」 暢斂板白駿曰：「下官欲命孝孫彈子夏。」 駿曰：「王別駕有何事邪？」 暢曰：「芟麥移民，可謂大議，一方安危，事繫於此。 子夏親為州端，曾無同異； 及聞元嗣之言，則歡笑酬答。 阿意左右，何以事君！」 子夏、元嗣皆大慚，義恭之議遂寢。
Earlier, when the Wei emperor passed Pengcheng, he sent word to the city: "Our provisions are spent and we are leaving for now; when the wheat ripens we shall return." When the appointed time came, Prince Yigong of Jiangxia proposed cutting the wheat, uprooting the seedlings, and relocating the population into fortified settlements. Wang Xiaosun, Recording Secretary of the Pacification Army, said, "The enemy will not return—the crops can be left alone; and if they do return, this plan would not save us anyway. The people were confined within the inner city; famine had dragged on, and in spring they foraged in the wild to survive; herd them into fortified clusters and they would starve at once—the people knew it meant certain death; how could you restrain them! If the enemy does come, there will still be time to cut the wheat." The assembly fell silent; no one dared respond. Chief Clerk Zhang Chang said, "Xiaosun's argument does have merit." Dong Yuansi, chief clerk of the Pacification Army staff, standing beside Prince Jun of Wuling, stepped forward and said, "The Recorder's proposal cannot be overturned." Vice Director Wang Zixia said, "That is certainly true." Chang closed his memorial tablet and told Jun, "I intend to have Xiaosun rebuke Zixia." Jun asked, "What has the Vice Director done?" Chang said, "Cutting the wheat and relocating the population is a weighty matter—the safety of the entire region depends on it. Zixia, as the province's leading official, offered no opinion either way; yet when he heard Yuansi speak, he laughed and chimed in. Flattering those around you—how can you serve your prince!" Zixia and Yuansi were deeply ashamed, and Yigong's proposal was dropped.
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初，魯宗之奔魏，其子軌為魏荊州刺史、襄陽公，鎮長社。 常思南歸，以昔殺劉康祖及徐湛之之父，故不敢來。 軌卒，子爽襲父官爵。 爽少有武干，與弟秀皆有寵於魏主，秀為中書郎。 既而兄弟各有罪，魏主詰責之。 爽、秀懼誅，從魏主自瓜步還，至湖陸，請曰：「奴與南有仇，每兵來，常恐禍及墳墓。 乞共迎喪還葬平城。」 魏主許之，爽至長社，殺魏戍兵數百人，帥部曲及願從者千餘家奔汝南。 夏，四月，爽遣秀詣壽陽，奉書於南平王鑠以請降。 上聞之，大喜，以爽為司州刺史，鎮義陽； 秀為穎川太守，餘弟侄並授官爵，賞賜甚厚。 魏人毀其墳墓。 徐湛之以為廟算遠圖，特所獎納，不敢苟申私怨，乞屏居田裡； 不許。 青州民司馬順則自稱晉室近屬，聚眾號齊王。 梁鄒戍主崔勳之詣州，五月，乙酉，順則乘虛襲據梁鄒城。 又有沙門自稱司馬百年，亦聚眾號安定王以應之。
Earlier, when Lu Zongzhi defected to Wei, his son Gui became Wei Governor of Jing and Duke of Xiangyang, stationed at Changshe. He longed to return south, but having once killed Liu Kangzu and Xu Zhanzhi's father, he dared not defect. When Gui died, his son Shuang inherited his father's post and title. Shuang showed martial talent from youth; he and his younger brother Xiu both enjoyed the Wei emperor's favor, and Xiu served as a Secretariat Gentleman. Before long both brothers fell under suspicion, and the Wei emperor rebuked them. Fearing execution, Shuang and Xiu, accompanying the Wei emperor back from Guabu, petitioned at Huliu: "We have enemies in the south; whenever armies march south, we fear for our ancestral graves. We beg leave to retrieve our ancestors' remains and bury them at Pingcheng." The Wei emperor consented. At Changshe, Shuang killed several hundred Wei garrison troops and led his retainers and more than a thousand willing households in flight to Runan. In summer, the fourth month, Shuang sent Xiu to Shouyang with a letter to Prince Shuo of Nanping offering surrender. The emperor was delighted and appointed Shuang Governor of Si, stationed at Yiyang; Xiu became Administrator of Yingchuan; the remaining brothers and nephews received offices and titles, with lavish rewards. The Wei destroyed their family graves. Xu Zhanzhi, recognizing this as a far-sighted strategic gain, dared not press a personal vendetta and asked to retire to his estates; the request was denied. In Qing province, Sima Shunze claimed descent from the Jin imperial house, raised a following, and proclaimed himself King of Qi. Cui Xunzhi, garrison commander at Liangzou, had gone to the provincial capital; in the fifth month, on yiyou, Shunze seized the moment and captured Liangzou. A monk also called himself Sima Bainian, raised followers, and proclaimed himself King of Anding in support.
24
壬寅，魏大赦。
On renyin, Wei proclaimed a general amnesty.
25
己巳，以江夏王義恭領南兗州刺史，徙鎮盱眙。 增督十二州諸軍事。
On jisi, Prince Yigong of Jiangxia was appointed concurrent Governor of Southern Yan and transferred his headquarters to Xuyi. His authority over military affairs in twelve provinces was expanded.
26
戊申，以尚書左僕射何尚之為尚書令，太子詹事徐湛之為僕射、護軍將軍。 尚之以湛之國戚，任遇隆重，每事推之。 詔湛之與尚之並受辭訴。 尚之雖為令，而朝事悉歸湛之。
On wushen, He Shangzhi, Left Vice Director of the Secretariat, became Director of the Secretariat, and Xu Zhanzhi, Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent, became Vice Director and General Who Protects the Army. Because Zhanzhi was a royal in-law, Shangzhi treated him with exceptional favor and deferred to him on every matter. An edict directed that Zhanzhi and Shangzhi should both receive petitions and appeals. Though Shangzhi held the title of Director, court affairs all passed through Zhanzhi.
27
六月，壬戌，魏改元正平。
In the sixth month, on renxu, Wei changed the era name to Zhengping.
28
魏主命太子少傅游雅、中書侍郎胡方回等更定律令，多所增損，凡三百九十一條。
The Wei emperor ordered Junior Tutor You Ya, Secretariat Gentleman Hu Fanghui, and others to revise the legal code, with extensive additions and deletions—three hundred ninety-one articles in all.
29
魏太子晃監國，頗信任左右，又營園田，收其利。 高允諫曰：「天地無私，故能覆載，王者無私，故能容養。 今殿下國之儲貳，萬方所則，而營立私田，畜養雞犬，乃至酤販市廛，與民爭利； 謗聲流布，不可追掩。 夫天下者，殿下之天下，富有四海，何求而無，乃與販夫販婦競此尺寸之利乎！ 昔虢之將亡，神賜之土田，漢靈帝私立府藏，皆有顛覆之禍； 前鑒若此，甚可畏也。 武王愛國、邵、齊、華，所以王天下； 殷紂受飛廉、惡來，所以喪其國。 今東宮俊乂不少，頃來侍御左右者，恐非在朝之選。 願殿下斥去佞邪，親近忠良，所在田園，分給貧下，販賣之物，以時收散； 如此，則休聲日至，謗議可除矣。」 不聽。
Wei Crown Prince Huang supervised the realm, placed great trust in his close attendants, and developed private estates to profit from them. Gao Yun remonstrated: "Heaven and earth are impartial, and therefore sustain all things; a ruler is impartial, and therefore nurtures all his people. Your Highness is the heir to the realm, the model for all the world, yet you establish private estates, raise livestock, and even sell goods in the markets, competing with the common people for profit; slander spreads and cannot be recalled. The realm is yours—you possess all within the four seas; what could you lack? Yet you compete with street peddlers for petty profits! When Guo was about to fall, the spirits granted it land; Emperor Ling of Han established a private treasury—both brought ruin upon themselves; such precedents are deeply alarming. King Wu cherished worthy ministers and thereby ruled the realm; King Zhou of Yin embraced Feilian and Elai, and thereby lost his kingdom. The Eastern Palace has no shortage of talent; those who have lately attended you, I fear, are not men fit for court. I urge Your Highness to dismiss flatterers and the wicked, draw near to the loyal and good, distribute your estates to the poor, and wind down your commercial ventures in good time; then your reputation will grow daily and slander will cease." The prince did not heed him.
30
太子為政精察，而中常侍宗愛，性險暴，多不法，太子惡之。 給事中仇尼道盛、侍郎任平城有寵於太子，頗用事，皆與愛不協。 愛恐為道盛等所糾，遂構告其罪，魏主怒，斬道盛等於都街，東宮官屬多坐死，帝怒甚。 戊辰，太子以憂卒。 壬申，葬金陵，謚曰景穆。 帝徐知太子無罪，甚悔之。
The crown prince governed with sharp scrutiny, but Palace Attendant Zong Ai was violent and lawless by nature, and the prince detested him. Qiu Ni Daosheng, Attendant Within the Yellow Gates, and Ren Pingcheng, Gentleman of the Palace, enjoyed the crown prince's favor and wielded considerable influence; both were at odds with Ai. Ai feared impeachment by Daosheng and his allies, fabricated charges, and the Wei emperor, enraged, executed them in the capital streets; many Eastern Palace officials were put to death, and the emperor's fury was extreme. On wuchen, the crown prince died of grief. On renshen, he was buried at Jinling with the posthumous title Jingmu. Gradually the emperor realized the crown prince was innocent and deeply regretted his actions.
31
秋，七月，丁亥，魏主如陰山。
In autumn, the seventh month, on dinghai, the Wei emperor went to Yinshan.
32
青、冀二州刺史蕭斌遣振武將軍劉武之等擊司馬順則、司馬百年，皆斬之。 癸亥，梁鄒平。
Xiao Bin, Governor of Qing and Ji, sent General Liu Wuzhi and others against Sima Shunze and Sima Bainian; both were beheaded. On guihai, Liangzou was pacified.
33
蕭斌、王玄謨皆坐退敗免官。 上問沈慶之曰：「斌欲斬玄謨而卿止之，何也？」 對曰：「諸將奔退，莫不懼罪； 自歸而死，將至逃散，故止之。」
Xiao Bin and Wang Xuemo were both dismissed for retreating in defeat. The emperor asked Shen Qingzhi, "Bin wanted to execute Xuemo, but you stopped him—why?" He replied, "Every retreating general feared punishment; execute men who surrendered willingly and the rest would scatter in flight—that is why I stopped it."
34
九月，癸巳，魏主還平城； 冬，十月，庚申，復如陰山。
In the ninth month, on guisi, the Wei emperor returned to Pingcheng; in winter, the tenth month, on gengshen, he went to Yinshan again.
35
上遣使至魏，魏遣殿中將軍郎法祐來修好。
The Song emperor sent an envoy to Wei, and Wei sent Palace General Lang Fayou to restore friendly relations.
36
己巳，魏上黨靖王長孫道生卒。
On jisi, Changsun Daosheng, Prince Jing of Shangdang, died.
37
十二月，丁丑，魏主封景穆太子之子濬為高陽王； 既而以皇孫世嫡，不當為籓王，乃止。 時濬生四年，聰達過人，魏主愛之，常置左右。 徙秦王翰為東平王，燕王譚為臨淮王，楚王建為廣陽王，吳王余為南安王。
In the twelfth month, on dingchou, the Wei emperor enfeoffed Jun, son of Crown Prince Jingmu, as Prince of Gaoyang; but because he was the legitimate imperial grandson, he should not hold a feudal title, and the enfeoffment was rescinded. Jun was then four years old, precocious beyond his years; the Wei emperor adored him and kept him constantly at his side. Prince Han of Qin became Prince of Dongping; Prince Tan of Yan became Prince of Linhuai; Prince Jian of Chu became Prince of Guangyang; and Prince Yu of Wu became Prince of Nan'an.
38
帝使沈慶之徙彭城流民數千家於瓜步，征北參軍程天祚徙江西流民數千家於姑孰。
The emperor had Shen Qingzhi resettle several thousand refugee families from Pengcheng at Guabu, and Cheng Tianzuo, staff officer of the northern campaign, resettle several thousand refugee families from west of the Yangtze at Gushu.
39
帝以吏部郎王僧綽為侍中。 僧綽，曇首之子也，幼有大成之度，眾皆以國器許之。 好學，有思理，練悉朝典。 尚帝女東陽獻公主。 在吏部，諳悉人物，舉拔鹹得其分。 及為侍中，年二十九，沉深有局度，不以才能高人。 帝頗以後事為念，以其年少，欲大相付託，朝政小大，皆與參焉。 帝之始親政事也，委任王華、王曇首、殷景仁、謝弘微、劉湛，次則范曄、沈演之、庾炳之，最後江湛、徐湛之、何瑀之及僧綽，凡十二人。
The emperor appointed Wang Sengchuo, Gentleman of the Ministry of Personnel, as Palace Attendant. Sengchuo was the son of Tan Shou; from childhood he showed the makings of greatness, and all regarded him as destined for high office. He loved learning, thought deeply, and was thoroughly versed in court protocol. He married the emperor's daughter, the Xian Princess of Dongyang. In the Ministry of Personnel, he knew every candidate intimately and placed each appointment exactly where it belonged. When he became Palace Attendant at twenty-nine, he was grave and measured, never condescending to others on account of his talent. The emperor, mindful of the succession, wished to entrust him with weighty matters despite his youth, and consulted him on affairs great and small. When the emperor first took personal charge of government, he relied on Wang Hua, Wang Tan Shou, Yin Jingren, Xie Hongwei, and Liu Zhan; then Fan Ye, Shen Yanzhi, and Yu Bingzhi; and finally Jiang Zhan, Xu Zhanzhi, He Yuzhi, and Sengchuo—twelve men in all.
40
康和入朝於魏，魏主厚禮之。
Kang He paid court to Wei, and the Wei emperor received him with lavish honors.
41
太祖文皇帝下之上元嘉二十九年（ 壬辰，公元四五二年）
From the upper section of the reign of Emperor Wen, the Literary Emperor—Yuanjia, year twenty-nine ( renchen, 452 CE)
42
春，正月，魏所得宋民五千餘家在中山者謀叛，州軍討誅之。 冀州刺史張掖王沮渠萬年坐與叛者通謀。 賜死。
In spring, the first month, more than five thousand Song captives settled at Zhongshan plotted rebellion, and provincial troops suppressed and executed them. Juqu Wannian, Prince of Zhangye and Governor of Ji, was implicated for conspiring with the rebels. He was ordered to take his own life.
43
魏世祖追悼景穆太子不已，中常侍宗愛懼誅，二月，甲寅，弒帝，尚書左僕射蘭延、侍中和疋、薛提等秘不發喪。 延、疋以皇孫濬沖幼，欲立長君，征秦王翰，置之秘室； 提以濬嫡皇孫，不可廢。 議久不決。 宗愛知之，自以得罪於景穆太子，而素惡秦王翰，善南安王余，乃密迎余自中宮便門入禁中，矯稱赫連皇后令召延等。 延等以愛素賤，不以為疑，皆隨入。 愛先使宦者三十人持兵伏於禁中，延等入，以次收縛，斬之； 殺秦王翰於永巷而立余。 大赦，改元承平，尊皇后為皇太后，以愛為大司馬、大將軍、太師、都督中外諸軍事、領中秘書，封馮翊王。 庚午，立皇子休仁為建安王。
Wei Emperor Wudi mourned Crown Prince Jingmu without cease. Palace Attendant Zong Ai, fearing execution, assassinated the emperor in the second month, on jiayin. Lan Yan, Left Vice Director of the Secretariat, He Pi, Attendant-in-Ordinary, Xue Ti, and others concealed the death. Yan and Pi, considering the young age of imperial grandson Jun, wished to install an elder ruler and confined Prince Han of Qin in a secret chamber; Ti argued that Jun, as the legitimate imperial grandson, could not be passed over. Deliberation dragged on without resolution. Ai learned of the dispute. Believing he had offended Crown Prince Jingmu, having long hated Prince Han of Qin while favoring Prince Yu of Nan'an, he secretly brought Yu through the inner palace side gate and forged an summons in Empress Helian's name to call Yan and the others. Yan and the others, deeming Ai too lowly to be dangerous, suspected nothing and all entered. Ai had stationed thirty armed eunuchs in ambush within the palace. As Yan and the others entered, they were seized one by one and beheaded; killed Prince Han of Qin in the Eternal Lane and installed Yu as emperor. A general amnesty was proclaimed, the era name changed to Chengping, the empress was elevated to empress dowager, and Ai was appointed Grand Marshal, Grand General, Grand Preceptor, Commander-in-Chief of All Military Affairs, and Concurrent Director of the Central Secretariat, enfeoffed as Prince of Fengyi. On gengwu, Prince Xiuren was enfeoffed as Prince of Jian'an.
44
三月，辛卯，魏葬太武皇帝於金陵，廟號世祖。
In the third month, on xinmao, Wei interred Emperor Taiwu at Jinling, with the temple title Emperor Wudi.
45
上聞魏世祖殂，更謀北伐，魯爽等復勸之。 上訪於群臣，太子中庶子何偃以為：「淮、泗數州瘡痍未復，不宜輕動。」 上不從。 偃，尚之之子也。
On word that Wei Emperor Wudi was dead, the emperor again planned a northern expedition, and Lu Shuang and others pressed him once more. The emperor sought counsel from his ministers. He Yan, Palace Attendant to the Heir Apparent, argued: "The Huai and Si region remains devastated; we ought not stir lightly. The emperor would not heed him. Yan was a son of He Shangzhi.
46
夏，五月，丙申，詔曰：「虐虜窮凶，著於自昔； 未勞資斧，已伏天誅。 拯溺蕩穢，今其會也。 可符驃騎、司空二府，各部分所統，東西應接。 歸義建績者，隨勞酬獎。」 於是遣撫軍將軍蕭思話督冀州刺史張永等向碻磝，魯爽、魯秀、程天祚將荊州甲士四萬出許、洛，雍州刺史臧質帥所領趣潼關。 永，茂度之子也。 沈慶之固諫北伐； 上以其異議，不使行。
In summer, the fifth month, on bingshen, an edict proclaimed: "These savage foes have been implacably wicked since time out of mind; ere we lifted a single axe, Heaven has already struck them down. To rescue the drowning and scour away corruption—this is the hour. Notify the offices of the Cavalry General-in-Chief and the Minister of Works to divide their commands and link east and west in concert. All who submit and distinguish themselves shall be rewarded according to their service. The emperor then sent General Who Pacifies the Army Xiao Sihua to command Jizhou Inspector Zhang Yong and others against Que'ao; Lu Shuang, Lu Xiu, and Cheng Tianzuo advanced forty thousand Jingzhou armored troops through Xu and Luoyang; Yongzhou Inspector Zang Zhi marched his command toward Tong Pass. Zhang Yong was a son of Zhang Maodu. Shen Qingzhi argued fiercely against the northern expedition; the emperor barred him from the campaign for his dissent."
47
青州刺史劉興祖上言，以為：「河南阻饑，野無所掠； 脫諸城固守，非旬月可拔。 稽留大眾，轉輸方勞； 應機乘勢，事存急速。 今偽帥始死，兼逼暑時，國內猜擾，不暇遠赴。 愚謂宜長驅中山，據其關要。 冀州以北，民人尚豐，兼麥已向熟，因資為易，向義之徒，必應響赴。 若中州震動，黃河以南，自當消潰。 臣請發青、冀七千兵，遣將領之，直入其心腹。 若前驅克勝，張永及河南眾軍宜一時濟河，使聲實兼舉，並建司牧，撫柔初附，西拒太行，北塞軍都，因事指麾，隨宜加授，畏威欣寵，人百其懷。 若能成功，清壹可待； 若不克捷，不為大傷。 並催促裝束，伏聽敕旨。」 上意止存河南，亦不從。 上又使員外散騎侍郎琅邪徐爰隨軍向碻磝，銜中旨授諸將方略，臨時宣示。
Liu Xingzu, Governor of Qingzhou, memorialized: "Henan suffers famine; the countryside offers nothing to forage; if enemy towns stand fast, none will fall within weeks. Holding a vast army idle will only exhaust our supply lines; we must seize the moment—speed is everything. Their puppet lord is newly dead; summer heat presses upon them; their realm seethes with suspicion—they cannot look far afield. I urge a long thrust to Zhongshan to seize its strategic choke points. North of Jizhou the people remain numerous and the wheat is ripening—logistics would be easy, and those yearning for our cause would rally to us. Once the heartland convulses, everything south of the Yellow River will crumble of its own accord. I ask to raise seven thousand men from Qing and Ji, place them under a commander, and strike deep into the enemy's vitals. If the vanguard prevails, Zhang Yong and the Henan armies should cross the river at once, so that show of force and real power advance together; establish regional governors to win over fresh converts, hold the Taihang to the west and Jundu Pass to the north; reward and appoint as events warrant—men will fear our might and welcome our grace, each in his own way. Success would bring reunification within reach; even failure would cost us little. All stands ready—awaiting your orders. But the emperor's aim was only to secure Henan, and he again refused. The emperor also sent Xu Ai of Langye, Supernumerary Attendant Cavalier in Ordinary, with the army to Que'ao to convey imperial strategy to the commanders as circumstances required."
48
尚書令何尚之以老請致仕，退居方山。 議者鹹謂尚之不能固志。 既而詔書敦諭數四，六月，戊申朔，尚之復起視事。 御史中丞袁涉錄自古隱士有跡無名者為《真隱傳》以嗤之。
He Shangzhi, Director of the Secretariat, pleaded old age and retired to Mount Fang. Critics said Shangzhi lacked the resolve to hold to his purpose. Edicts repeatedly urged him back; in the sixth month, on the first day of wushen, Shangzhi returned to office. Yuan She, Imperial Censor, compiled True Recluses—a roster of ancient hermits who left traces but no names—to lampoon him.
49
秋，七月，張永等至碻磝，引兵圍之。
In autumn, the seventh month, Zhang Yong and his forces reached Que'ao and laid siege.
50
壬辰，徙汝陽王渾為武昌王，淮陽王彧為湘東王。
On renchen, Prince Hun of Ruyang was reassigned as Prince of Wuchang, and Prince Yu of Huaiyang as Prince of Xiangdong.
51
初，潘淑妃生始興王濬。 元皇后性妒，以淑妃有寵於上，恚恨而殂，淑妃專總內政。 由是太子劭深惡淑妃及濬。 濬懼為將來之禍，乃曲意事劭，劭更與之善。
Earlier, Consort Pan Shufei had borne Prince Jun of Shixing. The empress was jealous; seeing Consort Pan favored by the emperor, she died embittered, and Consort Pan came to dominate the inner palace. Crown Prince Shao therefore hated Consort Pan and Jun bitterly. Jun, fearing for his future, ingratiated himself with Shao, and Shao grew warmer toward him.
52
吳興巫嚴道育，自言能辟谷服食，役使鬼物； 因東陽公主婢王鸚鵡出入主家。 道育謂主曰：「神將有符賜主。」 主夜臥，見流光若螢，飛入書笥，開視，得二青珠； 由是主與劭、濬皆信惑之。 劭、濬並多過失，數為上所詰責； 使道育訴請，欲令過不上聞。 道育曰：「我已為上天陳請，必不洩露。」 劭等敬事之，號曰：「天師」。 其後遂與道育、鸚鵡及東陽主奴陳天與、黃門陳慶國共為巫蠱，琢玉為上形像，埋於含章殿前； 劭補天與為隊主。
Yan Daoyu, a witch of Wuxing, claimed she could live without grain, ingest elixirs, and command spirits; she gained access to the Princess of Dongyang's household through the princess's maid, Wang Yingwu. Daoyu told the princess, "The spirits will grant you a sign. One night as the princess slept, she saw a glimmer like fireflies fly into her document case; when she opened it, she found two green pearls; after that the princess, Shao, and Jun all believed in her. Shao and Jun had many faults and were often rebuked by the emperor; they had Daoyu intercede with heaven so their faults would never reach the emperor. Daoyu said, "I have already petitioned heaven on your behalf; nothing will be disclosed. Shao and the others revered her and called her the Celestial Master. Later they joined Daoyu, Yingwu, the Princess of Dongyang's slave Chen Tianyu, and palace attendant Chen Qingguo in witchcraft, carving a jade image of the emperor and burying it before the Hall of Inclusion of Glory; "Shao appointed Tianyu company chief."
53
東陽主卒，鸚鵡應出嫁，劭、濬慮語洩，濬府佐吳興沈懷遠； 素為濬所厚，以鸚鵡嫁之為妾。
When the Princess of Dongyang died, Yingwu was due to marry out; Shao and Jun feared she would talk; Jun's staff member Shen Huaiyuan of Wuxing— whom Jun had long favored—received Yingwu as a concubine.
54
上聞天與領隊，以讓劭曰：「汝所用隊主副，並是奴邪？」 劭懼，以書告濬。 濬復書曰：「彼人若所為不已，正可促其餘命，或是大慶之漸耳。」 劭、濬相與往來書疏，常謂上為「彼人」，或曰：「其人」，謂江夏王義恭為「佞人」。
Learning that Tianyu led a company, the emperor reproached Shao: "Are all your company chiefs and deputies slaves? Shao, alarmed, wrote to Jun. Jun wrote back: "If that man will not stop, we may as well shorten what life he has left—or perhaps this is the dawn of our great deliverance. In their letters Shao and Jun routinely called the emperor "that man" or "the man," and Prince Yigong of Jiangxia "the toady."
55
鸚鵡先與天與私通，既適懷遠，恐事洩，白劭使密殺之。 陳慶國懼，曰：「巫蠱事，唯我與天與宣傳往來。 今天與死，我其危哉！」 乃具以其事白上。 上大驚，即遣收鸚鵡； 封籍其家，得劭、濬書數百紙，皆咒詛巫蠱之言； 又得所埋玉人，命有司窮治其事。 道育亡命，捕之不獲。
Yingwu had earlier slept with Tianyu; now married to Huaiyuan, she feared exposure and urged Shao to have Tianyu killed in secret. Chen Qingguo panicked and said, "In the witchcraft plot, only Tianyu and I carried messages. Now Tianyu is dead—I am doomed! He then revealed the whole affair to the emperor. The emperor was horrified and at once ordered Yingwu seized; sealed her household and found hundreds of letters from Shao and Jun—curses and witchcraft through and through; they also unearthed the buried jade effigy, and the emperor ordered a full investigation. Daoyu fled; despite pursuit she was not captured."
56
先是，濬自揚州剌史出鎮京口，及廬陵王紹以疾解揚州，意謂己必復得之。 既而上用南譙王義宣，濬殊不樂，乃求鎮江陵； 上許之。 濬入朝，遣還京口，為行留處分，至京口數日而巫蠱事發。 上惋歎彌日，謂潘淑妃曰：「太子圖富貴，更是一理，虎頭復如此，非復思慮所及。 汝母子豈可一日無我邪！」 遣中使切責劭、濬，劭、濬惶懼無辭，惟陳謝而已。 上雖怒甚，猶未忍罪也。
Earlier Jun had left the Yangzhou governorship to take up his post at Jingkou; when Prince Shao of Luling relinquished Yangzhou on account of illness, Jun assumed he would regain it. Instead the emperor gave Yangzhou to Prince Yixuan of Nanqiao; Jun was bitterly disappointed and asked to hold Jiangling; the emperor agreed. Jun came to court, was sent back to Jingkou for farewell arrangements, and within days the witchcraft scandal erupted. The emperor mourned for days and told Consort Pan Shufei: "The crown prince plotting for power is one thing—but Tiger Head again! This is beyond anything I could have imagined. Can you and your son survive a single day without me? He sent palace envoys to rebuke Shao and Jun harshly; terrified and speechless, they could only beg forgiveness. Furious though he was, the emperor still could not bring himself to punish them."
57
諸軍攻碻磝，治三攻道：張永等當東道，濟南太守申坦等當西道，揚武司馬崔訓當南道。 攻之累旬，不拔。 八月，辛亥夜，魏人自地道潛出，燒崔訓營及攻具； 癸丑夜，又燒東圍及攻具； 尋復毀崔訓攻道。 張永夜撤圍退軍，不告諸將，士卒驚擾； 魏人乘之，死傷塗地。 蕭思話自往，增兵力攻旬餘，不拔。 是時，青、徐不稔，軍食乏。 丁卯，思話命諸軍皆退屯歷城，斬崔訓，系張永、申坦於獄。
The armies assaulted Que'ao along three siege lines: Zhang Yong on the east, Administrator of Jinan Shen Tan on the west, and Raised Martial Major Cui Xun on the south. For weeks they assaulted the city without success. On the night of xinhai in the eighth month, Wei troops emerged through a tunnel and burned Cui Xun's camp and siege equipment; on the night of guichou they burned the eastern works and siege gear again; soon they wrecked Cui Xun's assault line as well. Zhang Yong withdrew by night without telling the other commanders; the troops panicked; the Wei pressed the rout, and the slaughter was horrific. Xiao Sihua went in person, reinforced the assault for another ten days, and still could not prevail. Qing and Xu had failed harvests that year, and army rations ran short. On dingmao Sihua ordered a general withdrawal to Licheng, executed Cui Xun, and imprisoned Zhang Yong and Shen Tan.
58
魯爽至長社，魏戍主禿髡幡棄城走。 臧質頓兵近郊，不以時發，獨遣冠軍司馬柳元景帥後軍行參軍薛安都等向潼關，元景等進據洪關。 梁州刺史劉秀之遣司馬馬汪與左軍中兵參軍蕭道成，將兵向長安。 道成，承之之子也。 魏冠軍將軍封禮自浢津南渡，赴弘農。 九月，司空高平公兒烏干屯潼關，平南將軍黎公遼屯河內。
Lu Shuang reached Changshe; the Wei commander Tufa Fan abandoned the city and fled. Zang Zhi camped his army in the suburbs and delayed his march; he sent only Champion Major Liu Yuanjing with Rear Army Acting Commander Xue Andu and others toward Tong Pass, and Yuanjing seized Hong Pass. Liu Xiuzhi, Governor of Liangzhou, sent Major Ma Wang and Left Army Central Arms Commander Xiao Daocheng toward Chang'an. Daocheng was a son of Xiao Chengzhi. Wei Champion General Feng Li crossed south from Bozhou Ford to relieve Hongnong. In the ninth month, Minister of Works Er Wugan, Duke of Gaoping, held Tong Pass, and General Who Pacifies the South Li Gongliao held Henei.
59
吐谷渾王慕利延卒，樹洛干之子拾寅立，始居伏羅川； 遣使來請命，亦請命於魏。 丁亥，以拾寅為安西將軍、西秦、河、沙三州刺史、河南王； 魏以拾寅為鎮西大將軍、沙州刺史、西平王。
King Muliyan of Tuyuhun died; Shiyin, son of Shulogan, succeeded him and established his seat on the Fuluo River; he sent envoys to seek titles from both courts. On dinghai the Song appointed Shiyin General Who Pacifies the West, governor of Xiqin, He, and Sha, and Prince of Henan; Wei made him Grand General Who Guards the West, governor of Sha, and Prince of Xiping.
60
庚寅，魯爽與魏豫州刺史拓跋僕蘭戰於大索，破之，進攻虎牢。 聞碻磝敗退，與柳元景皆引兵還。 蕭道成、馬汪等聞魏救兵將至，還趣仇池。 己丑，詔解蕭思話徐州，更領冀州刺史，鎮歷城。
On gengyin Lu Shuang defeated Toba Pulán, Wei governor of Yuzhou, at Dasuo and pressed on to assault Hulao. Hearing of the rout at Que'ao, he and Liu Yuanjing both withdrew. Xiao Daocheng and Ma Wang, learning Wei reinforcements were near, retreated toward Qiuchi. On jichou an edict transferred Xiao Sihua from Xuzhou to Jizhou and posted him at Licheng.
61
上以諸將屢出無功，不可專責張永等，賜思話詔曰：「虜既乘利，方向盛冬，若脫敢送死，兄弟父子自共當之耳。 言及增憤！ 可以示張永、申坦。」 又與江夏王義恭書曰：「早知諸將輩如此，恨不以白刃驅之。 今者悔何所及！」 義恭尋奏免思話官，從之。
Since the commanders had failed again and again, the emperor would not blame Zhang Yong alone; he sent Sihua an edict: "The foe has the upper hand and winter is coming—if they dare offer battle, let them face us, fathers and sons together. Even to speak of it fills me with rage! Show this to Zhang Yong and Shen Tan. He also wrote Prince Yigong of Jiangxia: "Had I known these commanders would fare so, I would have driven them with naked steel. But now it is too late for regret!" Yigong soon memorialized to strip Sihua of his post; the emperor approved."
62
魏南安隱王余自以違次而立，厚賜群下，欲以收眾心； 旬月之間，府藏虛竭。 又好酣飲及聲樂、畋獵，不恤政事。 宗愛為宰相，錄三省，總宿衛，坐召公卿，專恣日甚。 余患之，謀奪其權； 愛憤怒。 冬，十月，丙午朔，余夜祭東廟，愛使小黃門賈周等就弒余，而秘之，唯羽林郎中代人劉尼知之。 尼勸愛立皇孫濬，愛驚曰：「君大癡人！ 皇孫若立，豈忘正平時事乎！」 尼曰：「若爾，今當立誰？」 愛曰：「待還宮，當擇諸王賢者立之。」
Prince Yu of Nan'an, having been enthroned out of turn, lavished rewards on his followers to win their loyalty; Within a month the palace treasury was exhausted. He also indulged in heavy drinking, music, and hunts, neglecting government. Zong Ai was chancellor, controlled the Three Departments and the palace guard, summoned officials to audience while seated, and grew more domineering by the day. Yu resented him and plotted to strip him of power; Zong Ai was enraged. In winter, the tenth month, on the first day (bingwu), Yu offered night sacrifice at the Eastern Temple. Ai sent Junior Yellow Gate Jia Zhou and others to murder him and hushed it up; only Yulin Cadet Liu Ni of the Dai clan knew. Ni urged Ai to enthrone the imperial grandson Jun. Ai cried out, "You utter fool! If the grandson takes the throne, will he not remember what happened in the Zhengping years! Ni asked, "If so, whom should we enthrone now? Ai said, "When we return to the palace, we will choose the ablest among the princes and enthrone him."
63
尼恐愛為變，密以狀告殿中尚書源賀。 賀時與尼俱典兵宿衛，乃與南部尚書陸麗謀曰：「宗愛既立南安，還復殺之。 今又不立皇孫，將不利於社稷。」 遂與麗定謀，共立皇孫。 麗，俟之子也。 戊申，賀與尚書長孫渴侯嚴兵守衛宮禁，使尼、麗迎皇孫於苑中。 麗抱皇孫於馬上，入平城，賀、渴侯開門納之。 尼馳還東廟，大呼曰：「宗愛弒南安王，大逆不道，皇孫已登大位，有詔，宿衛之士皆還宮！」 眾鹹呼萬歲。 遂執宗愛、賈周等，勒兵而入，奉皇孫即皇帝位。 登永安殿，大赦，改元興安。 殺愛、周，皆具五刑，夷三族。
Fearful that Ai might change plans, Ni secretly informed Palace Attendant Yuan He. He was then on guard duty with Ni; together with Southern Department Minister Lu Li he said, "Zong Ai set up Nan'an and then killed him. Now he refuses the imperial grandson too—the realm is in peril. They settled on a coup with Li to enthrone the grandson. Lu Li was the son of Tuoba Hou. On wushen, Yuan He and Minister Changsun Kehou mustered troops to secure the palace and sent Ni and Li to fetch the grandson from the park. Lu Li carried the grandson on horseback into Pingcheng; He and Kehou opened the gates to admit them. Ni raced back to the Eastern Temple and shouted, "Zong Ai murdered Prince Nan'an—treason of the worst kind! The imperial grandson is already emperor. By edict: all guards return to the palace! The troops all cried "Long live the emperor!" They seized Zong Ai, Jia Zhou, and the rest, marched in with armed men, and enthroned the grandson as emperor. He took the throne in Yong'an Hall, declared a general amnesty, and proclaimed the Xing'an era. Ai and Zhou were executed with the full five punishments, and their kin to the third degree were wiped out."
64
西陽五水群蠻反，自淮、汝至於江、沔，鹹被其患。 詔太尉中兵參軍沈慶之督江、豫、荊、雍四州兵討之。
The Five-Water tribes of Xiyang rose in revolt; from the Huai and Ru to the Yangtze and Han, the region suffered their raids. The court appointed Grand Marshal staff officer Shen Qingzhi to command the forces of Jiang, Yu, Jing, and Yong and suppress them.
65
魏以驃騎大將軍拓跋壽樂為太宰、都督中外諸軍、錄尚書事，長孫渴侯為尚書令，加儀同三司。 十一月，壽樂、渴侯坐爭權，並賜死。
Wei appointed General-in-Chief of Agile Cavalry Tuoba Shoule Grand Mentor, supreme commander, and head of the secretariat; Changsun Kehou became Minister-in-Chief with ceremonial three-department rank. In the eleventh month, Shoule and Kehou were both ordered to commit suicide for fighting over power.
66
癸未，魏廣陽簡王建、臨淮宣王譚皆卒。
On guiwei, Jian, Prince of Guangyang, and Tan, Prince of Linhuai, both died.
67
甲申，魏主母閭氏卒。
On jiashen, the Wei emperor's mother, Lady Lu, died.
68
魏南安王余之立也，以古弼為司徒，張黎為太尉。 及高宗立，弼、黎議不合旨，黜為外都大官； 坐有怨言，且家人告其為巫蠱，皆被誅。
When Prince Yu of Nan'an was enthroned, Gu Bi was made Minister of Works and Zhang Li Grand Marshal. When Emperor Wencheng took the throne, Gu Bi and Zhang Li fell out of favor and were demoted to outer-court grand officers; Accused of disloyal talk and witchcraft by their own households, they were both executed.
69
壬寅，廬陵昭王紹卒。
On renyin, Prince Shao of Luling died.
70
魏追尊景穆太子為景穆皇帝，皇妣閭氏為恭皇后，尊乳母常氏為保太后。
Wei posthumously ennobled Crown Prince Jingmu as Emperor Jingmu, his mother Lady Lu as Empress Gong, and his nurse Lady Chang as Protector Dowager.
71
隴西屠各王景文叛魏，署置王侯； 魏統萬鎮將南陽王惠壽、外都大官於洛拔督四州之眾討平之，徙其黨三千餘家於趙、魏。
Jingwen, king of the Tuge in Longxi, rebelled against Wei and installed his own kings and lords; The Wei generals Huishou of Nanyang and Yu Luoba led forces from four provinces to crush the revolt and relocated more than three thousand rebel households to Zhao and Wei.
72
十二月，戊申，魏葬恭皇后於金陵。
In the twelfth month, on wushen, Wei buried Empress Gong at Jinling.
73
魏世祖晚年，佛禁稍弛，民間往往有私習者。 及高宗即位，群臣多請復之。 乙卯，詔州郡縣眾居之所，各聽建佛圖一區； 民欲為沙門者，聽出家。 大州五十人，小州四十人。 於是向所毀佛圖，率皆修復。 魏主親為沙門師賢等五人下髮，以師賢為道人統。
In Emperor Taiwu's last years, the ban on Buddhism had eased, and many practiced it in secret. When Wencheng came to the throne, many officials urged that the ban be lifted. On yimao, an edict allowed one Buddhist temple per county seat and major settlement; and those who wished to take monastic vows were allowed to do so. Large prefectures could ordain fifty monks; small prefectures, forty. The temples destroyed in the persecution were largely rebuilt. The emperor personally tonsured five monks including Shixian and appointed Shixian chief of the clergy.
74
丁巳，魏以樂陵王擊忸為太尉，南部尚書陸麗為司徒，鎮西將軍杜元寶為司空。 麗以迎立之功，受心膂之寄，朝臣無出其右者，賜爵平原王。 麗辭曰：「陛下，國之正統，當承基緒； 效順奉迎，臣子常職，不敢慆天之功以干大賞。」 再三不受，魏主不許。 麗曰：「臣父奉事先朝，忠勤著效。 今年逼桑榆，願以臣爵授之。」 帝曰：「朕為天下主，豈不能使卿父子為二王邪！」 戊午，進其父建業公俟爵為東平王。 又命麗妻為妃，復其子孫。 麗力辭不受，帝益嘉之。
On dingsi, Wei named Prince of Leiling Ji Ni Grand Marshal, Lu Li Minister of Works, and Du Yuanbao Minister of State. For installing the emperor, Lu Li became the emperor's most trusted minister and was enfeoffed as King of Pingyuan. Lu Li declined: "Your Majesty is the legitimate heir and rightfully holds the throne; Welcoming you was a subject's plain duty; I dare not claim heaven's credit to demand grand rewards. He refused three times; the emperor would not hear of it. Lu Li said, "My father served the previous reign with loyal, distinguished service. He is at life's evening; let me give him my title. The emperor said, "I rule the realm—can I not make you and your father both kings? On wuwu he enfeoffed Lu Li's father Hou as King of Dongping. He made Lu Li's wife a consort and restored his sons and grandsons to favor. Lu Li firmly declined; the emperor admired him all the more."
75
以東安公劉尼為尚書僕射，西平公源賀為征北將軍，並進爵為王。 帝班賜群臣，謂源賀曰：「卿任意取之。」 賀辭曰：「南北未賓，府庫不可虛也。」 固與之，乃取戎馬一匹。
Liu Ni was made Vice Minister of the Masters of Writing and Yuan He General Who Pacifies the North; both were promoted to prince. The emperor handed out gifts and told Yuan He, "Take whatever you like. He refused: "North and south are still unsubdued; the treasury cannot be emptied. The emperor insisted; Yuan He took a single warhorse.
76
高宗之立也，高允預其謀，陸麗等皆受重賞，而不及允，允終身不言。 甲子，周忸坐事賜死。 時魏法深峻，源賀奏：「謀反之家，男子十三以下本不預謀者，宜免死沒官。」 從之。
Gao Yun had helped plan Wencheng's accession, yet while Lu Li and others were richly rewarded, Yun received nothing—and never mentioned it again. On jiazi, Ji Ni was ordered to commit suicide for misconduct. With Wei law still harsh, Yuan He proposed: "In treason cases, boys thirteen and under who took no part in plotting should be spared execution and enslaved to the state instead. The emperor approved.
77
江夏王義恭還朝。 辛未，以義恭為大將軍、南徐州刺史，錄尚書如故。
Prince Yigong of Jiangxia returned to court. On xinwei he was named Grand General, Inspector of South Xuzhou, and continued as recorder of the secretariat.
78
初，魏入中原，用《景初曆》，世祖克沮渠氏，得趙匪文《玄始曆》，時人以為密，是歲，始行之。
When the Wei first entered the Central Plains they had used the Jingchu calendar; after Taiwu conquered the Juqu, he obtained Zhao Feiwen's Xuanshi calendar, esteemed as more accurate—and this year it was put into use.