1
資治通鑑第143卷
Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance, Volume 143
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卷第一百四十三
Volume 143
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【齊紀九】上章執徐，一年。
[Qi Records 9] Shangzhang Zhixu—one year.
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東昏侯下永元二年（ 庚辰，公元五零零年）
Emperor Donghun, second year of Yongyuan ( gengchen, the year 500 CE)
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春，正月，元會，帝食後方出； 朝賀裁竟，即還殿西序寢。 自巳至申，百僚陪位，皆僵仆饑甚。 比起就會，匆遽而罷。
In spring, the first month, at the New Year's court assembly, the emperor did not appear until after he had finished his meal; and as soon as the congratulatory rites were barely over, he went straight back to the western wing of the palace to sleep. From the si hour until the shen hour, the officials who had to stand in attendance were stiff with hunger and exhaustion. When he finally rose and came to the assembly, the ceremony was rushed through and dismissed.
6
乙巳，魏大赦，改元景明。
On yisi, Northern Wei proclaimed a general amnesty and changed the era name to Jingming.
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豫州刺史裴叔業聞帝數誅大臣，心不自安； 登壽陽城，北望肥水，謂部下曰：「卿等欲富貴乎？ 我能辦之！」 及除南兗州，意不樂內徙。 會陳顯達反。 叔業遣司馬遼東李元護將兵救建康，實持兩端； 顯達敗而還。 朝廷疑叔業有異志，叔業亦遣使參察建康消息，眾論益疑之。 叔業兄子植、颺、粲皆為直閣，在殿中，懼，棄母奔壽陽，說叔業以朝廷必相掩襲，宜早為計。 徐世檦等以叔業在邊，急則引魏自助，力未能制，白帝遣叔業宗人中書舍人長穆宣旨，許停本任。 叔業猶憂畏，而植等說之不已。
Pei Shuye, inspector of Yu Province, heard that the emperor was repeatedly executing senior ministers and grew uneasy; He climbed the walls of Shouyang, gazed north across the Fei River, and said to his officers: "Do you want wealth and rank? I can get it for you!" When he was reassigned to Nan Yan Province, he was unhappy at being moved inland. About this time Chen Xianda rose in rebellion. Shuye sent his marshal Li Yuanhu of Liaodong with troops to relieve Jiankang, but in fact he kept his options open; Xianda was defeated and withdrew. The court began to suspect that Shuye harbored disloyal designs, and Shuye in turn sent agents to gauge the situation in Jiankang, which only deepened the suspicions against him. Shuye's nephews Zhi, Yang, and Can, who served as palace attendants, were terrified; they abandoned their mother and fled to Shouyang, warning Shuye that the court would surely move against him by surprise and that he should act at once. Xu Shizhen and others, fearing that Shuye on the frontier might summon Wei to his aid if pressed and that they lacked the force to restrain him, persuaded the emperor to send Shuye's kinsman Chang Mu of the Secretariat to announce that he might keep his current post. Shuye remained anxious, and Zhi and his brothers kept pressing him.
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叔業遣親人馬文范至襄陽，問蕭衍以自安之計，曰：「天下大勢可知，恐無復自存之理。 不若回面向北，不失作河南公。」 衍報曰：「群小用事，豈能及遠！ 計慮回惑，自無所成，唯應送家還都以安慰之。 若意外相逼，當勒馬步二萬直出橫江，以斷其後，則天下之事，一舉可定。 若欲北向，彼必遣人相代，以河北一州相處，河南公寧可復得邪！ 如此，則南歸之望絕矣。」 叔業沉疑未決，乃遣其子芬之入建康為質，亦遣信詣魏豫州刺史薛真度，問以入魏可不之宜。 真度勸其早降，曰：「若事迫而來，則功微賞薄矣。」 數遣密信，往來相應和。 建康人傳叔業叛者不已，芬之懼，復奔壽陽。 叔業遂遣芬之及兄女婿杜陵韋伯昕奉表降魏。 丁未，魏遣驃騎大將軍彭城王勰、東騎將軍王肅帥步騎十萬赴之； 以叔業為使持節、都督豫、雍等五州諸軍事、征南將軍、豫州刺史，封蘭陵郡公。
Shuye sent his confidant Ma Wenfan to Xiangyang to ask Xiao Yan how he might save himself, saying: "The drift of affairs is clear enough; I doubt I can survive much longer on my own. Better to turn north and at least keep the title of Duke of Henan." Yan replied: "Petty men are running things—how far can their reach extend? Their plots are muddled and self-defeating. You should send your family back to the capital to reassure the court. If they should press you unexpectedly, muster twenty thousand horse and foot, march straight from Hengjiang, and cut them off from behind—the whole affair could be settled in a single stroke. If you go north, they will send someone to replace you and give you only a single province north of the Yellow River—how could you ever again be Duke of Henan? That would end any hope of returning to the south." Shuye hesitated, unable to decide. He sent his son Fenzhi to Jiankang as a hostage and also wrote to Xue Zhendu, Wei's inspector of Yu Province, to ask whether defecting to Wei was advisable. Zhendu urged him to surrender promptly, saying: "If you wait until you are forced to it, your merit will be small and your reward meager." They exchanged many secret messages in concert. Rumors in Jiankang that Shuye had defected would not die down; Fenzhi, frightened, fled back to Shouyang. Shuye then sent Fenzhi and his brother-in-law Wei Boxin of Duling with a memorial offering surrender to Wei. On dingwei, Wei dispatched Prince Xie of Pengcheng, grand general of agile cavalry, and Wang Su, general of the eastern horse, with one hundred thousand infantry and cavalry to support him; and appointed Shuye bearer of the staff, commander of military affairs in Yu, Yong, and five other provinces, general who subdues the south, inspector of Yu Province, and duke of Lanling.
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庚午，下詔討叔業。 二月，丙戌，以衛尉蕭懿為豫州刺史。 戊戌，魏以彭城王勰為司徒，領揚州刺史，鎮壽陽。 魏人遣大將軍李丑、楊大眼將二千騎入壽陽，又遣奚康生將羽林一千馳赴之。 大眼，難當之孫也。
On gengwu, the court issued an edict to campaign against Shuye. In the second month, on bingxu, Xiao Yi of the Guard Command was appointed inspector of Yu Province. On wuxu, Wei made Prince Xie of Pengcheng minister of works, gave him concurrent charge of Yang Province, and posted him at Shouyang. Wei sent the grand generals Li Chou and Yang Dayan with two thousand cavalry into Shouyang, and dispatched Xi Kangsheng with one thousand Forest Guards at full speed to join them. Dayan was a grandson of Nandang.
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魏兵未渡淮，己亥，裴叔業病卒，僚佐多欲推司馬李元護監州，一二日謀不定。 前建安戍主安定席法友等以元護非其鄉曲，恐有異志，共推裴植監州，秘叔業喪問，教命處分，皆出於植。 奚康生至，植乃開門納魏兵，城庫管籥，悉付康生。 康生集城內耆舊，宣詔撫賚之。 魏以植為兗州刺史，李元護為齊州刺史，席法友為豫州刺史，軍主京兆王世弼為南徐州刺史。
Before Wei forces had crossed the Huai, on jihai Pei Shuye died of illness. Most of his staff wanted Li Yuanhu, the marshal, to take charge of the province, but for a day or two they could not settle on a plan. Xi Fayou of Anding, the former commander of the Jian'an garrison, and others, distrusting Yuanhu because he was not a fellow townsman and fearing treachery, backed Pei Zhi instead. They concealed Shuye's death, and all orders issued in his name came from Zhi. When Xi Kangsheng arrived, Zhi opened the gates and admitted the Wei troops, handing over the city treasury and all its keys to him. Kangsheng assembled the city's elders, proclaimed the imperial edict, and distributed rewards to reassure them. Wei appointed Zhi inspector of Yan Province, Li Yuanhu inspector of Qi Province, Xi Fayou inspector of Yu Province, and the army commander Wang Shibi of Jingzhao inspector of South Xu Province.
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巴西民雍道晞聚眾萬餘逼郡城，巴西太守魯休烈嬰城自守。 三月，劉季連遣中兵參軍李奉伯帥眾五千救之，與郡兵合擊道晞，斬之。 奉伯欲進討郡東餘賊，涪令李膺止之曰：「卒惰將驕，乘勝履險，非完策也； 不如少緩，更思後計。」 奉伯不從，悉眾入山，大敗而還。
Yong Daoxi of Baxi raised a force of more than ten thousand men and besieged the commandery seat; Lu Xiulie, the administrator of Baxi, shut the gates and held the city. In the third month, Liu Jilian sent Li Fengbo, a central army major, with five thousand men to relieve the city; together with the commandery troops they attacked Daoxi and killed him. Fengbo wanted to pursue the remaining rebels east of the commandery, but Li Ying, magistrate of Fu, dissuaded him: "The men are slack and the commander overconfident; pressing a victory into rough country is no sound plan; better pause and think of a follow-up move." Fengbo refused, led his entire force into the hills, and returned in defeat.
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乙卯，遣平西將軍崔慧景將水軍討壽陽，帝屏除，出琅邪城送之。 帝戎服坐樓上，召慧景單騎進圍內，無一人自隨者。 裁交數言，拜辭而去。 慧景既得出，甚喜。
On yimao, Cui Huijing, general who pacifies the west, was dispatched with the fleet to attack Shouyang; the emperor dismissed his attendants and went out through Langye city to see him off. Dressed for war, the emperor sat on a tower and called Huijing to ride in alone through the cordon; not one of his men went with him. They exchanged only a few words before Huijing bowed and left. Once Huijing was outside the cordon, he was greatly relieved.
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豫州刺史蕭懿將步軍三萬屯小峴，交州刺史李叔獻屯合肥。 懿遣裨將胡松、李導士帥眾萬餘屯死虎。 驃騎司馬陳伯之將水軍溯淮而上，以逼壽陽，軍於硤石。 壽陽士民多謀應齊者。
Xiao Yi, inspector of Yu Province, encamped at Xiaoxian with thirty thousand infantry; Li Shuxian, inspector of Jiao Province, held Hefei. Yi sent his lieutenants Hu Song and Li Daoshi with more than ten thousand men to camp at Sihu. Chen Bozhi, marshal of agile cavalry, led the fleet up the Huai to threaten Shouyang and encamped at Xiashi. Many in Shouyang were plotting to side with Qi.
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魏奚康生降御內外，閉城一月，援軍乃至。 丙申，彭城王勰、王肅擊松、伯之等，大破之，進攻合肥，生擒叔獻。 統軍宇文福言於勰曰：「建安，淮南重鎮，彼此要衝，得之，則義陽易圖； 不得，則壽陽難保。」 勰然之，使福攻建安，建安戍主胡景略面縛出降。
Xi Kangsheng of Wei took control inside and outside the city, kept the gates shut for a month, and only then did reinforcements arrive. On bingshen, Prince Xie of Pengcheng and Wang Su routed Hu Song, Chen Bozhi, and their forces, then advanced on Hefei and took Li Shuxian alive. Yuwen Fu, commander-in-chief, told Xie: "Jian'an is a vital Huainan stronghold and a crossroads for both sides. Take it, and Yiyang will be easy; fail, and Shouyang itself will be hard to hold." Xie agreed and sent Fu against Jian'an; Hu Jinglue, the garrison commander, came out with his hands bound and surrendered.
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己亥，魏皇弟恌卒。 崔慧景之發建康也，其子覺為直閣將軍，密與之約，慧景至廣陵，覺走從之。 慧景過廣陵數十里，召會諸軍主曰：「吾荷三帝厚恩，當顧托之重。 幼主昏狂，朝廷壞亂； 危而不扶，責在今日。 欲與諸君共建大功以安社稷，何如？」 眾皆響應，於是還軍向廣陵。 司馬崔恭祖守廣陵城，開門納之。 帝聞變，壬子，假右衛將軍左興盛節，督建康水陸諸軍以討之。 慧景停廣陵二日，即收眾濟江。
On jihai, Ti, a younger brother of the Wei emperor, died. When Cui Huijing left Jiankang, his son Jue, a direct-attendant general, had made a secret pact with him; when Huijing reached Guangling, Jue deserted and joined him. A few dozen li past Guangling, Huijing called his commanders together and said: "I owe a great debt to three emperors and the trust they placed in me. The young ruler is deranged, and the court is in ruins; who does not steady the state when it totters bears the blame today. I mean to join you in a great deed to save the realm. Will you follow me?" All assented, and he turned the army back toward Guangling. Cui Gongzu, the marshal, held Guangling and opened the gates to him. When the emperor heard of the revolt, on renzi he gave Zuo Xingsheng of the right guard the staff of authority and ordered him to command all land and naval forces in Jiankang against Huijing. Huijing lingered at Guangling only two days, then gathered his troops and crossed the Yangzi.
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初，南徐、兗二州刺史江夏王寶玄娶徐孝嗣女為妃，孝嗣誅，詔令離婚，寶玄恨望。 慧景遣使奉寶玄為主，寶玄斬其使，因發將吏守城，帝遣馬軍主戚平、外監黃林夫助鎮京口。 慧景將渡江，寶玄密與相應，殺司馬孔矜、典簽呂承緒及平、林夫，開門納慧景，使長史沈佚之、咨議柳□分部軍眾。 寶玄乘八□輿，手執絳麾，隨慧景向建康。 台遣驍騎將軍張佛護、直閣將軍徐元稱等六將據竹裡，為數城以拒之。 寶玄遣信謂佛護曰：「身自還朝，君何意苦相斷遏？」 佛護對曰：「小人荷國重恩，使於此創立小戍。 殿下還朝，但自直過，豈敢斷遏！」 遂射慧景軍，因合戰。 崔覺、崔恭祖將前鋒，皆荒傖善戰，又輕行不蒸食，以數舫緣江載酒貪為軍糧，每見台軍城中煙火起，輒盡力攻之。 台軍不復得食，以此饑困。 元稱等議，欲降，佛護不可。 恭祖等進攻城，拔之，斬佛護。 徐元稱降，餘四軍主皆死。
Earlier, Prince Bao Xuan of Jiangxia, who held the two provinces of South Xu and Yan, had married Xu Xiaosi's daughter. After Xiaosi was executed, the court ordered the marriage dissolved, and Bao Xuan nursed a bitter grudge. Huijing sent envoys offering to make Bao Xuan their leader; Bao Xuan beheaded them, mustered his officers to hold the city, and the emperor sent Qi Ping of the horse guard and Huang Linfu, an outer supervisor, to reinforce Jingkou. As Huijing prepared to cross the river, Bao Xuan secretly colluded with him, killed the marshal Kong Jin, the registrar Lu Chengxu, and Qi Ping and Huang Linfu, opened the gates to admit Huijing, and had his chief clerk Shen Yizhi and adviser Liu Yong deploy the troops. Bao Xuan rode in an eight-pole sedan, crimson banner in hand, and marched with Huijing on Jiankang. The court sent six generals, including Zhang Fuhu of the agile cavalry and Xu Yuancheng of the direct attendants, to hold Zhuli and build a chain of forts to block them. Bao Xuan sent word to Fuhu: "I am returning to court of my own accord—why do you block my path so stubbornly? Fuhu replied: "I owe the state a heavy debt and was sent here to hold this little post. When Your Highness returns to court, pass straight through—how would I dare stop you! With that he loosed arrows at Huijing's troops, and battle was joined. Cui Jue and Cui Gongzu led the van—hardy frontier fighters who marched light without cooking, loaded several boats along the river with food and wine as their rations, and whenever they saw smoke rise from a garrison town, threw their full weight against it. The defenders could no longer get food and were worn down by hunger. Yuancheng and others wanted to surrender, but Fuhu refused. Gongzu pressed the assault, took the fort, and beheaded Fuhu. Xu Yuancheng surrendered; the other four commanders were killed."
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乙卯，遣中領軍王瑩都督眾軍，據湖頭築壘，上帶蔣山西巖實甲數萬。 瑩，誕之從曾孫也。 慧景至查硎，竹塘人萬副兒說慧景曰：「今平路皆為台軍所斷，不可議進； 唯宜從蔣山龍尾上，出其不意耳。」 慧景從之，分遣千餘人，魚貫緣山自西巖夜下，鼓叫臨城中。 台軍驚恐，即時奔散。 帝又遣右衛將軍左興盛帥台內三萬人拒慧景於北籬門，興盛望風退走。
On yimao, Wang Ying of the central army was sent to command the forces, fortify Hutou, and post tens of thousands of armored men along the western cliffs of Mount Jiang. Ying was a great-great-grandson of Xiao Dan. At Chaming, Wan Fuer of Zhutang told Huijing: "The level roads are all held by the court—you cannot advance that way; you should climb Mount Jiang by the Dragon Tail path and strike where they do not expect you." Huijing agreed, sent more than a thousand men in single file down the western cliffs by night, and with drums and shouts bore down on the city. The defenders panicked and fled at once. The emperor again sent Zuo Xingsheng of the right guard with thirty thousand palace troops to hold the North Hedge Gate; Xingsheng fled at the first sight of the enemy.
18
甲子，慧景入樂游苑，崔恭祖帥輕騎十餘突入北掖門，乃復出。 宮門皆閉，慧景引眾圍之。 於是東府、石頭、白下、新亭諸城皆潰。 左興盛走，不得入宮，逃淮渚荻舫中，慧景擒殺之。 宮中遣兵出蕩，不克。 慧景燒蘭台府署為戰場。 守衛尉蕭暢屯南掖門，處分城內，隨方應拒，眾心稍安。 慧景稱宣德太后令，廢帝為吳王。
On jiazi, Huijing entered the Leyou Park; Cui Gongzu led a dozen light horsemen in a dash through the North Flank Gate and out again. The palace gates were shut; Huijing surrounded them with his force. The Eastern Office, Shitou, Baixia, Xinting, and the other outworks all fell. Zuo Xingsheng fled, could not re-enter the palace, hid in a reed boat on the riverbank, and was captured and killed by Huijing. Troops sent out from the palace to drive them off failed. Huijing burned the Orchid Terrace offices to clear a battlefield. Xiao Chang of the Guard Command encamped at the South Flank Gate, organized the city's defense, and met each threat as it arose, which steadied public morale. Huijing proclaimed an edict in the name of Empress Dowager Xuande deposing the emperor as prince of Wu.
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陳顯達之反也，帝復召諸王侯入宮。 巴陵王昭冑懲永泰之難，與弟永新侯昭穎詐為沙門，逃於江西。 昭冑，子良之子也。 及慧景舉兵，昭冑兄弟出赴之。 慧景意更向昭冑，猶豫未知所立。
When Chen Xianda rebelled, the emperor again summoned the princes and marquises into the palace. Prince Zhao Zhou of Baling, mindful of the Yongtai massacre, and his brother Marquis Zhao Ying of Yongxin disguised themselves as monks and fled west of the Yangzi. Zhao Zhou was a son of Xiao Ziliang. When Huijing took up arms, the brothers came out to join him. Huijing's thoughts turned toward making Zhao Zhou ruler, but he hesitated, unable to decide whom to enthrone.
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竹裡之捷，崔覺與崔恭祖爭功，慧景不能決。 恭祖勸慧景以火箭燒北掖樓。 慧景以大事垂定，後若更造，費用功多，不從。 慧景性好談義，兼解佛理，頓法輪寺，對客高談，恭祖深懷怨望。 時豫州刺史蕭懿將兵在小峴，帝遣密使告之。 懿方食，投箸而起，帥軍主胡松、李居士等數千人自採石濟江，頓越城舉火，城中鼓叫稱慶。 恭祖先勸慧景遣二千人斷西岸兵，令不得渡。 慧景以城旦夕降，外救自然應散，不從。 至是，恭祖請擊懿軍，又不許； 獨遣崔覺將精手數千人渡南岸。 懿軍昧旦進戰，數合，士皆致死，覺大敗，赴淮死者二千餘人。 覺單馬退，開桁阻淮。 恭祖掠得東宮女伎，覺逼奪之。 恭祖積忿恨，其夜，與慧景驍將劉靈運詣城降，眾心離壞。
After the victory at Zhuli, Cui Jue and Cui Gongzu quarreled over credit, and Huijing could not settle the dispute. Gongzu urged Huijing to burn the North Flank Tower with fire arrows. Huijing thought the outcome was all but decided and that rebuilding afterward would cost too much labor, and refused. Huijing loved learned debate and knew Buddhist doctrine; he paused at Falun Temple to hold forth with visitors while Gongzu seethed with resentment. Xiao Yi, inspector of Yu Province, was encamped at Xiaoxian with his army; the emperor sent him word in secret. Yi was at his meal; he dropped his chopsticks, sprang up, and with Hu Song, Li Jushi, and several thousand men crossed from Caishi, encamped at Yuecheng, and lit signal fires while the city erupted in drums and cheers. Gongzu had earlier urged Huijing to post two thousand men to block the western shore and prevent a crossing. Huijing believed the city would fall within days and outside relief would melt away on its own, and refused. Now Gongzu asked to attack Yi's force, and again was refused; Huijing sent only Cui Jue with several thousand picked men across to the south bank. Yi's men attacked at dawn; after several clashes their troops fought to the death; Jue was routed, and more than two thousand drowned in the Huai. Jue fled alone on horseback and raised the pontoon bridge to block pursuit across the Huai. Gongzu had seized palace entertainers from the Eastern Palace; Jue forced him to give them up. Gongzu's fury boiled over; that night he and Huijing's fierce general Liu Lingyun went to the city and surrendered, and the army's morale collapsed.
21
夏，四月，癸酉，慧景將腹心數人潛去，欲北渡江； 城北諸軍不知，猶為拒戰。 城中出蕩，殺數百人。 懿軍渡北岸，慧景餘眾皆走。 慧景圍城凡十二日而敗，從者於道稍散，單騎至蟹浦，為漁人所斬，以頭內鰍籃，擔送建康。 恭祖系尚方，少時殺之。 覺亡命為道人，捕獲，伏誅。
In summer, the fourth month, on guiyou, Huijing slipped away with a few confidants, intending to flee north across the river; the troops north of the city, unaware, still fought on. Defenders sallied forth and killed several hundred of them. Yi's force crossed to the north bank, and Huijing's remaining troops scattered. Huijing had besieged the city twelve days before he was broken; his followers melted away along the road; he rode alone to Xiepu, where a fisherman cut off his head, packed it in a fish basket, and carried it to Jiankang. Gongzu was imprisoned in the Imperial Workshops and soon executed. Jue fled and became a Daoist priest; he was captured and put to death.
22
寶玄初至建康，軍於東城，士民多往投集。 慧景敗，收得朝野投寶玄及慧景人名，帝令燒之，曰：「江夏尚爾，豈可復罪餘人！」 寶玄逃亡數日，乃出。 帝召入後堂，以步障裹之，令左右數十人鳴鼓角馳繞其外，遣人謂寶玄曰：「汝近圍我亦如此耳。」
When Bao Xuan first reached Jiankang, he camped east of the city, and many townspeople flocked to him. After Huijing's defeat, the court gathered lists of those who had sided with Bao Xuan and Huijing; the emperor ordered them burned, saying: "If even Jiangxia is treated so, how can we punish everyone else! Bao Xuan hid several days, then gave himself up. The emperor summoned him to the rear hall, wrapped him in cloth screens, had dozens of attendants beat drums and horns and ride circles around him, and sent word: "When you besieged me, it was just like this."
23
初，慧景欲交處士何點，點不顧。 及圍建康，逼召點。 點往赴其軍，終日談義，不及軍事。 慧景敗，帝欲殺點。 蕭暢謂茹法珍曰：「點若不誘賊共講，未易可量。 以此言之，乃應得封！」 帝乃止。 點，胤之兄也。
Earlier, Huijing had sought the friendship of the recluse He Dian, who ignored him. When he besieged Jiankang, he compelled Dian to come. Dian went to his camp and spent the whole day in learned talk, never mentioning the war. After Huijing's defeat, the emperor wanted He Dian executed. Xiao Chang told Ru Fazhen: "If Dian had not kept the rebels talking all day, who knows what might have happened. By that reckoning, he deserves a noble title!" The emperor relented. Dian was the elder brother of He Yin.
24
蕭懿既去小峴，王肅亦還洛陽。 荒人往來者妄雲肅復謀歸國； 五月，乙巳，詔以肅為都督豫、徐、司三州諸軍事、豫州刺史、西豐公。
After Xiao Yi left Xiaoxian, Wang Su also returned to Luoyang. Frontier travelers spread false word that Su was plotting to return to Qi; in the fifth month, on yisi, the court appointed Su commander of military affairs in Yu, Xu, and Si provinces, inspector of Yu Province, and duke of Xifeng.
25
己酉，江夏王寶玄伏誅。
On jiyou, Prince Bao Xuan of Jiangxia was executed.
26
壬子，大赦。
On renzi, the court proclaimed a general amnesty.
27
六月，丙子，魏彭城王勰進位大司馬，領司徒； 王肅加開府儀同三司。
In the sixth month, on bingzi, Prince Xie of Pengcheng of Wei was promoted to grand marshal and retained the post of minister of works; Wang Su was given the additional title of grand master with golden seal and purple ribbon of the third rank.
28
太陽蠻田育丘等二萬八千戶附於魏，魏置四郡十八縣。
Tian Yuqiu of the Taiyang barbarians and others, twenty-eight thousand households in all, submitted to Wei, which established four commanderies and eighteen counties for them.
29
乙丑，曲赦建康、南徐、兗二州。 先是，崔慧景既平，詔赦其黨。 而嬖倖用事，不依詔書，無罪而家富者，皆誣為賊黨，殺而籍其貲； 實附賊而盆者皆不問。 或謂中書舍人王咺之云：「赦書無信，人情大惡。」 咺之曰：「正當復有赦耳。」 由是再赦。 既而嬖倖誅縱亦如初。
On yichou, a partial amnesty was granted to Jiankang and the two provinces of South Xu and Yan. Earlier, after Cui Huijing's revolt was crushed, an edict had amnestied his followers. But the emperor's favorites ignored the edict: innocent but wealthy families were branded rebels, killed, and their property seized; those who had actually joined the rebels but were poor went unpunished. Someone told Wang Yanzhi of the Secretariat: "The amnesty means nothing; the people are furious." Yanzhi replied: "There will simply be another amnesty." So they proclaimed a second amnesty. Soon the favorites were killing and plundering as before.
30
是時，帝所寵左右凡三十一人，黃門十人。 直閣、驍騎將軍徐世心剽素為帝所委任，凡有殺戮，皆在其手。 及陳顯達事起，加輔國將軍； 雖用護軍崔慧景為都督，而兵權實在世心剽。 世心剽亦知帝昏縱，密謂其黨茹法珍、梅蟲兒曰：「何世天子無要人，但儂貨主惡耳！」 法珍等與之爭權，以白帝。 帝稍惡其凶強，遣禁兵殺之，世心剽拒戰而死。 自是法珍、蟲兒用事，並為外監，口稱詔敕； 王咺之專掌文翰，與相脣齒。
At this time the emperor kept thirty-one favorites at his side, including ten yellow-gate attendants. Xu Shixinpiao, a direct-attendant general of agile cavalry, had long been the emperor's chosen executioner; killings were his work. When Chen Xianda rebelled, he was made general who assists the state; though Cui Huijing of the guard was named commander, real military power rested with Shixinpiao. Shixinpiao knew the emperor was deranged and told his allies Ru Fazhen and Mei Chong'er in secret: "Every age has its indispensable men—only our master is worthless! Fazhen and the others fought him for power and denounced him to the emperor. The emperor came to hate his brutality and sent palace guards to kill him; Shixinpiao fought back and died. Thereafter Fazhen and Chong'er ruled as outer supervisors, issuing orders in the emperor's name; Wang Yanzhi controlled the paperwork, and the three ruled as one.
31
帝呼所幸潘貴妃父寶慶及茹法珍為阿丈，梅蟲兒及俞靈韻為阿兄。 帝與法珍等俱詣寶慶家，躬身汲水，助豆人作膳。 寶慶恃勢作奸，富人悉誣以罪，田宅貲財，莫不啟乞。 一家被陷，禍及親鄰。 又慮後患，盡殺其男口。
The emperor called Consort Pan's father Baoqing and Ru Fazhen "Uncle," and Mei Chong'er and Yu Lingyun "Elder Brother." The emperor visited Baoqing's house with Fazhen and the others, drew water himself, and helped the cooks prepare the meal. Baoqing abused his power: wealthy families were framed on false charges, and their lands, houses, and goods were all seized on petition. When one household fell, kin and neighbors were ruined with it. Fearing later reprisals, they killed every male in those families.
32
帝數往諸刀敕家游宴，有吉凶輒往慶吊。
The emperor often visited the households of his sword-guard favorites for feasts, and attended their weddings and funerals.
33
奄人王寶孫，年十三四，號「倀子」，最有寵，參預朝政，雖王咺之、梅蟲兒之徒亦下之； 控制大臣，移易詔敕，乃至騎馬入殿，詆訶天子； 公卿見之，莫不懾息焉。
The eunuch Wang Baosun, thirteen or fourteen years old, nicknamed "Changzi," was the favorite of favorites; he took part in government, and even Wang Yanzhi and Mei Chong'er bowed to him; he dominated senior ministers, altered edicts, rode his horse into the audience hall, and berated the emperor; the high officials trembled before him.
34
吐谷渾王伏連籌事魏盡禮，而居其國，置百官，皆如天子之制，稱制於其鄰國。 魏主遣使責而宥之。
Fulianchou, king of Tuyuhun, observed every courtesy toward Wei while ruling his own realm with a full court like an emperor's and treating neighboring states as his subjects. The Wei emperor sent envoys to rebuke him, then pardoned him.
35
冠軍將軍、驃騎司馬陳伯之再引兵攻壽陽，魏彭城王勰拒之。 援軍未至，汝陰太守傅永將郡兵三千救壽陽。 伯之防淮口甚固，永去淮口二十餘里，牽船上汝水南岸，以水牛挽之，直南趣淮，下船即渡； 適上南岸，齊兵亦至。 會夜，永潛進入城，勰喜甚，曰：「吾北望已久，恐洛陽難可復見，不意卿能至也。」 勰令永引兵入城，永曰：「永之此來，欲以卻敵； 若如教旨，乃是與殿下同受功圍，豈救援之意！」 遂軍於城外。
Chen Bozhi, champion general and marshal of agile cavalry, again attacked Shouyang; Prince Xie of Pengcheng of Wei held the city against him. Before relief arrived, Fu Yong, administrator of Ruyin, marched three thousand commandery troops to relieve Shouyang. Bozhi held the Huai mouth tightly; Yong went more than twenty li upstream, hauled his boats onto the south bank of the Ru, had water buffalo drag them straight south to the Huai, and crossed the moment they reached the water; and as his men landed, Qi troops arrived on the spot. By night Yong stole into the city. Xie was overjoyed and said: "I have watched the north so long, fearing I would never see Luoyang again—I never expected you could come." Xie ordered Yong to bring his men inside the walls. Yong said: "I came to drive the enemy off; if I obey that order, I merely share the siege with Your Highness—that is not rescue! He encamped outside the city instead."
36
秋，八月，乙酉，勰部分將士，與永並勢擊伯之於肥口，大破之，斬首九千，俘獲一萬。 伯之脫身遁還，淮南遂入於魏。
In autumn, the eighth month, on yiyou, Xie deployed his forces and, joining Fu Yong, routed Chen Bozhi at Feikou, taking nine thousand heads and ten thousand prisoners. Bozhi escaped with his life; Huainan then fell to Wei.
37
魏遣鎮南將軍元英將兵救淮南，未至，伯之已敗，魏主召勰還洛陽。 勰累表辭大司馬、領司徒，乞還中山； 魏主不許。 以元英行揚州事，尋以王肅為都督淮南諸軍事、揚州刺史，持節代之。
Wei sent Yuan Ying, general who guards the south, to relieve Huainan, but before he arrived Bozhi was already beaten; the Wei emperor recalled Xie to Luoyang. Xie repeatedly asked to resign as grand marshal and minister of works and return to Zhongshan; the emperor refused. Yuan Ying was put in charge of Yang Province; soon Wang Su was made commander of Huainan military affairs, inspector of Yang Province, and sent with the staff of authority to replace him.
38
甲辰，夜，後宮火。 時帝出未還，宮內人不得出，外人不敢輒開； 比及開，死者相枕，燒三千餘間。
On jiachen, at night, fire broke out in the rear palace. The emperor was away; those inside could not get out, and those outside dared not open the gates; and by the time the gates were opened, the dead lay in heaps and more than three thousand rooms had burned.
39
時嬖倖之徒皆號為鬼。 有趙鬼者，能讀《西京賦》，言於帝曰：「柏梁既災，建章是營。」 帝乃大起芳樂、玉壽等諸殿以麝香塗壁，刻畫裝飾，窮極綺麗。 役者自夜達曉，猶不副速。
The emperor's favorites were all nicknamed "ghosts." One called Ghost Zhao, who could recite the "Rhapsody on the Western Capital," told the emperor: "When Bolang Terrace burned down, they built Jianzhang Palace." The emperor then built Fangle, Yushou, and other halls on a grand scale, coated the walls with musk, carved and painted them, and lavished every luxury upon them. Laborers worked from night till dawn yet still could not keep up with his demands.
40
後宮服御，極選珍奇，府庫舊物，不復周用。 貴市民間金寶，價皆數倍。 建康酒租皆折使輸金，猶不能足。 鑿金為蓮華以帖地，令潘妃行其上，曰：「此步步生蓮華也。」 又訂出雉頭、鶴氅、白鷺縗。 嬖倖因緣為奸利，課一輸十。 又各就州縣求人為輸，准取見直，不為輸送，守宰皆不敢言，重更科斂。 如此相仍，前後不息。 百姓困盡，號泣道路。
The rear palace's wardrobe was stocked with the rarest luxuries; the old stores in the treasury no longer sufficed. Gold and jewels were bought up in the markets at several times their normal price. Even when Jiankang's wine tax was collected entirely in gold, the treasury still could not keep up. Gold was carved into lotus blossoms and laid on the floor for Consort Pan to walk on, and he said, "With every step a lotus blooms." He also ordered extravagant garments of pheasant-head fur, crane-feather cloaks, and egret-plume mourning dress. The favorites used every pretext to extort profit, demanding tenfold what was assessed. They also sent agents to the provinces and counties to collect from private individuals, took cash on the spot without delivering it to the treasury, and the local officials dared not protest, so the levies were imposed again and again. This went on without pause, one round after another. The people were driven to destitution and wept in the streets.
41
軍主吳子陽等出三關侵魏，九月，與魏東豫州刺史田益宗戰於長風城，子陽等敗還。
Army commander Wu Ziyang and others marched out through the Three Passes to raid Wei; in the ninth month they fought Tian Yizong, Wei's eastern inspector of Yu Province, at Changfeng city, were defeated, and withdrew.
42
蕭懿之入援也，蕭衍馳使所親虞安福說懿曰：「誅賊之後，則有不賞之功。 當明君賢主，尚或難立； 況於亂朝，何以自免！ 若賊滅之後，仍勒兵入宮，行伊、霍故事，此萬世一時。 若不欲爾，便放表還歷陽，托以外拒為事，則威振內外，誰敢不從！ 一朝放兵，受其厚爵，高而無民，必生後悔。」 長史徐曜甫亦苦勸之，懿並不從。
When Xiao Yi marched to relieve the capital, Xiao Yan sent his confidant Yu Anfu to urge him: "Once the rebels are destroyed, your merit will be beyond any reward. Even under a wise ruler it is hard to survive such glory; how then in this ruined court can you save yourself! If after the rebels are crushed you lead your troops into the palace and play Yi Yin and Huo Guang, you will seize the chance of ages. If you will not do that, submit a memorial to return to Liyang on the pretext of guarding against external enemies, and your authority will awe the realm—who would dare disobey! If you disband your army and accept a grand title instead, you will stand high without the people's support and regret it later. Chief clerk Xu Yaofu urged him just as strongly; Yi would not listen."
43
崔慧景死，懿為尚書令。 有弟九人：敷、衍、暢、融、宏、偉、秀、憺、恢。 懿以元勳居朝右，暢為衛尉，掌管籥。 時帝出入無度，或勸懿因其出門，舉兵廢之； 懿不聽。 嬖臣茹法珍、王咺之等憚懿威權，說帝曰：「懿將行隆昌故事，陛下命在晷刻。」 帝然之。 徐曜甫知之，密具舟江渚，勸懿西奔襄陽。 懿曰：「自古皆有死，豈有叛走尚書令邪！」 懿弟侄鹹為之備。 冬，十月，己卯，帝賜懿藥於省中。 懿且死，曰：「家弟在雍，深為朝廷憂之。」 懿弟侄皆亡匿於里巷，無人發之者； 唯融捕得，誅之。
After Cui Huijing's death, Yi became director of the Masters of Writing. He had nine younger brothers: Fu, Yan, Chang, Rong, Hong, Wei, Xiu, Dan, and Hui. As a founding hero Yi stood at the head of the court; Chang was commandant of the guard and held the palace keys. The emperor came and went without restraint; some urged Yi to seize the moment when he left the palace and depose him; Yi refused. The favorites Ru Fazhen and Wang Yanzhi feared Yi's power and told the emperor: "Yi is about to repeat the Longchang coup—Your Majesty's life is measured in moments." The emperor agreed. Xu Yaofu learned of the plot, secretly prepared boats on the riverbank, and urged Yi to flee west to Xiangyang. Yi said: "Death comes to everyone—would a director of the Masters of Writing flee like a traitor! His brothers and nephews all made ready to defend him. In winter, the tenth month, on jimao, the emperor sent poison to Yi in the ministry compound. As he was dying, Yi said: "My brother in Yong will be a grave worry to the court." His brothers and nephews hid in the alleys, and no one betrayed them; only Rong was captured and executed.
44
丁亥，魏以彭城王勰為司徒，錄尚書事； 勰固辭，不免。 勰雅好恬素，不樂勢利。 高祖重其事幹，故委以權任，雖有遺詔，復為世宗所留。 勰每乖情願，常淒然歎息。 為人美風儀，端嚴若神，折旋合度，出入言笑，觀者忘疲。 敦尚文史，物務之暇，披覽不輟。 小心謹慎，初無過失； 雖閒居獨處，亦無惰容。 愛敬儒雅，傾心禮待。 清正儉素，門無私謁。
On dinghai, Wei made Prince Xie of Pengcheng minister of works and recorder of the Masters of Writing; Xie declined firmly but could not escape the appointment. Xie loved quiet simplicity by nature and cared nothing for power or gain. Emperor Gaozu valued his competence and entrusted him with great authority; though the late emperor's will would have released him, Emperor Shizong kept him in office. Whenever his wishes were overruled, he sighed in sorrow. He was handsome and dignified, every movement measured; his speech and laughter so charmed onlookers that they forgot their fatigue. He loved literature and history and read without cease whenever affairs allowed. Careful and cautious, he was never at fault; even in private he showed no sign of idleness. He honored scholars and received them with full courtesy. Upright, frugal, and plain, he accepted no private callers at his gate.
45
十一月，己亥，魏東荊州刺史桓暉入寇，拔下笮戍，歸之者二千餘戶。 暉，誕之子也。
In the eleventh month, on jihai, Huan Hui, Wei's eastern inspector of Jing Province, invaded, captured the Xiazuo garrison, and won the submission of more than two thousand households. Hui was a son of Huan Dan.
46
初，帝疑雍州刺史蕭衍有異志。 直後滎陽鄭植弟紹叔為衍寧蠻長史，帝使植以候紹叔為名，往刺衍。 紹叔知之，密以白衍，衍置酒紹叔家，戲植曰：「朝廷遣卿見圖，今日閒宴，是可取良會也。」 賓主大笑。 又令植歷觀城隍、府庫、士馬、器械、舟艦，植退，謂紹叔曰：「雍州實力，未易圖也。」 紹叔曰：「兄還，具為天子言之：若取雍州，紹叔請以此眾一戰！」 送植於南峴，相持慟哭而別。
Earlier the emperor had suspected Xiao Yan, inspector of Yong Province, of disloyal designs. Zheng Zhi of Xingyang, an attendant-after, sent his younger brother Shao Shu—who served Yan as chief clerk for pacifying the barbarians—to assassinate Yan under the pretense of visiting Shao Shu. Shao Shu learned of the plot and secretly informed Yan, who entertained Zhi at Shao Shu's house and jested: "The court sent you to kill me—what better time for a friendly feast than today? Host and guest burst out laughing. Yan then had Zhi inspect the walls, stores, troops, arms, and fleet; when Zhi withdrew he told Shao Shu: "Yong Province is too strong to take lightly." Shao Shu said: "Tell the emperor when you return: if he wants Yong Province, I will meet his army in battle with these troops!" He saw Zhi off at Nanxian, and they embraced and wept as they parted.
47
及懿死，衍聞之，夜召張弘策、呂僧珍、長史王茂、別駕柳慶遠、功曹吉士瞻等入宅定議。 茂，天生之子； 慶遠，元景之弟子也。 乙巳，衍集僚佐謂曰：「昏主暴虐，惡逾於紂，當與卿等共除之！」 是日，建牙集眾，得甲士萬餘人，馬千餘匹，船三千艘。 出檀溪竹木裝艦，葺之以茅，事皆立辦。 諸將爭櫓，呂僧珍出先所具者，每船付二張，爭者乃息。
When Yi died, Yan heard the news and that night summoned Zhang Hongce, Lu Sengzhen, chief clerk Wang Mao, vice-prefect Liu Qingyuan, merit officer Ji Shizhan, and others to his house to decide on a course of action. Mao was a son of Wang Tiansheng; Qingyuan was a nephew of Liu Yuanjing. On yisi, Yan assembled his staff and said: "The deranged ruler is more brutal than King Zhou of Shang—we must remove him together!" That day he raised his banner and mustered more than ten thousand armored men, a thousand horses, and three thousand boats. Bamboo and timber from Tanxi were used to fit out the fleet and thatched with straw; everything was done at once. The generals quarreled over oars until Lu Sengzhen produced the sets he had prepared in advance and issued two to each boat, ending the dispute.
48
是時，南康王寶融為荊州刺史，西中郎長史蕭穎冑行府州事，帝遣輔國將軍、巴西梓潼二郡太守劉山陽將兵三千之官，就穎冑兵使襲襄陽。 衍知其謀，遣參軍王天虎詣江陵，遍與州府書，聲云：「山陽西上，並襲荊、雍。」 衍因謂諸將佐曰：「荊州素畏襄陽人，加以脣亡齒寒，寧不暗同邪！ 我合荊、雍之兵，鼓行而東，雖使韓、白復生，不能為建康計； 況以昏主役刀敕之徒哉！」 穎冑等得書，疑未能決。 山陽至巴陵，衍復令天虎繼書與穎冑及其弟南康王龍穎達。 天虎既行，衍謂張弘策曰：「用兵之道，攻心為上。 近遣天虎往荊州，人皆有書。 今段乘驛甚急，止有兩函與行事兄弟，云『天虎口具』； 及問天虎而口無所說，天虎是行事心膂，彼間必謂行事與天虎共隱其事，則人人生疑。 山陽惑於眾口，判相嫌貳，則行事進退無以自明，必入吾謀內。 是馳兩空函定一州矣。」
At this time Prince Bao Rong of Nankang was inspector of Jing Province, with Xiao Yingzhou as acting chief clerk; the emperor sent Liu Shanyang, general who assists the state and administrator of Baxi and Zitong commanderies, with three thousand men to take up his post and join Yingzhou's forces in a surprise attack on Xiangyang. Yan learned of the plan and sent his aide Wang Tianhu to Jiangling with letters to every office in the province, spreading word that "Shanyang is marching west to attack both Jing and Yong." Yan told his officers: "Jing has always feared Xiangyang, and when the lips are gone the teeth freeze—will they not side with us in secret! If I unite the armies of Jing and Yong and march east with drums beating, not even Han Xin and Bai Qi reborn could save Jiankang; much less this deranged ruler and his sword-guard thugs! When Yingzhou received the letters, he hesitated, unable to decide. When Shanyang reached Baling, Yan sent Tianhu with further letters to Yingzhou and his brother Long Yingda of Nankang. After Tianhu left, Yan told Zhang Hongce: "In war, winning hearts comes first. I just sent Tianhu to Jing with a letter for everyone. This courier ride is very fast; there are only two envelopes for the acting chief and his brother, marked 'details from Tianhu in person'; when they question Tianhu and he says nothing, they will think the acting chief and his confidant are hiding something together, and everyone will grow suspicious. Shanyang will be swayed by rumor and turn against them; the acting chief will be unable to clear himself and will fall into my trap. Thus two empty envelopes will decide a whole province."
49
山陽至江安，遲回十餘日，不上。 穎冑大懼，計無所出，夜遣呼西中郎城局參軍安定席闡文、咨議參軍柳忱，閉齋定議。 闡文曰：「蕭雍州蓄養士馬，非復一日。 江陵素畏襄陽人，又眾寡不敵，取之必不可制； 就能制之，歲寒不為朝廷所容。 今若殺山陽，與雍州舉事，立天子以令諸侯，則霸業成矣！ 山陽持疑不進，是不信我。 今斬送天虎，則彼疑可釋。 至而圖之，罔不濟矣。」 忱曰：「朝廷狂悖日滋，京師貴人莫不重足累息。 今幸在遠，得假日自安。 雍州之事，且藉以相斃耳。 獨不見蕭令君乎？ 以精兵數千，竟為群邪所陷，禍酷相尋。 『前事之不忘，後事之師也。』 且雍州士銳糧多，蕭使君雄姿冠世，必非山陽所能敵。 若破山陽，荊州復受失律之責，進退無可，宜深慮之。」 蕭穎達亦勸穎冑從闡文等計。 詰旦，穎冑謂天虎曰：「卿與劉輔國相識，今不得不借卿頭！」 乃斬天虎送示山陽，發民車牛，聲雲起步軍征襄陽。 山陽大喜。
Shanyang reached Jiang'an and lingered more than ten days without advancing. Yingzhou was terrified and at a loss; that night he summoned Xi Kanwen of Anding, a city bureau major, and Liu Chen, an adviser, and behind closed doors they debated what to do. Kanwen said: "The inspector of Yong has been building his strength for years. Jiangling has always feared Xiangyang, and we are too few to overcome him; even if we could defeat him, the court would not tolerate us afterward. If we kill Shanyang now and rise with Yong, set up an emperor, and command the realm, our great enterprise will succeed! Shanyang's hesitation shows he does not trust us. Behead Tianhu and send his head—that will clear their doubts. When Shanyang arrives, we can carry out the plan—nothing will fail. Chen said: "The court grows more deranged every day; the nobles in the capital walk in fear. We are fortunate to be far away and can live in peace for now. Let Yong and the court destroy each other—that is enough for us. Have you forgotten Lord Xiao? With a few thousand elite troops he was still destroyed by villains, disaster upon disaster. 'Past events, not forgotten, are teachers for the future.' Moreover Yong's troops are keen and well supplied; Lord Xiao's prowess is unmatched—Shanyang cannot possibly defeat him. If we defeat Shanyang, Jing will bear the blame for the breach; we will have no room to maneuver. Think deeply on this. Xiao Yingda also urged Yingzhou to follow Kanwen's plan. At dawn Yingzhou told Tianhu: "You know Assistant State Liu—I must borrow your head!" He beheaded Tianhu and sent the head to Shanyang, mobilized carts and oxen, and announced that the army was marching to attack Xiangyang. Shanyang was delighted."
50
甲寅，山陽至江津，單車白服，從左右數十人詣穎冑。 穎冑使前汶陽太守劉孝慶等伏兵城內，山陽入門，即於車中斬之。 副軍主李無履收餘眾請降。
On jiayin, Shanyang reached Jiangjin and came to Yingzhou in a single cart dressed in white, with only a few dozen attendants. Yingzhou had Liu Xiaoqing, the former administrator of Wenyang, and others wait in ambush inside the city; the moment Shanyang entered the gate they cut off his head in the cart. Li Wulü, the deputy commander, gathered the remaining troops and surrendered.
51
柳忱，世隆之子也。 穎冑慮西中郎司馬夏侯詳不同，以告忱，忱曰：「易耳！ 近詳求婚，未之許也。」 乃以女嫁詳子夔，而告之謀，詳從之。 乙卯，以南康王寶融教纂嚴，又教赦囚徒，施惠澤，頒賞格。 丙辰，以蕭衍為使持節都督前鋒諸軍事。 丁巳，以蕭穎冑為都督行留諸軍事。 穎冑有器局，既舉大事，慮心委己，眾情歸之。 以別駕南陽宗夬及同郡中兵參軍劉坦、咨議參軍樂藹為州人所推信，軍府經略，每事諮焉。 穎冑、夬各獻私錢穀及換借富貲以助軍。 長法寺僧素富，鑄黃金為龍數千兩埋土中。 穎冑取之，以充軍費。
Liu Chen was a son of Liu Shilong. Yingzhou feared that Xiahou Xiang, the western central army marshal, would not agree; he told Chen, who said, "That is easy! He recently asked for a marriage alliance, which I have not yet granted." He gave his daughter to Xiang's son Kui, revealed the plot, and Xiang agreed. On yimao, through Prince Bao Rong of Nankang orders were issued to tighten discipline, amnesty prisoners, grant favors, and publish reward scales. On bingchen, Xiao Yan was made bearer of the staff and commander of all vanguard forces. On dingsi, Xiao Yingzhou was appointed commander of all forces in the field and in garrison. Yingzhou had talent and vision; once the revolt began he gave himself wholly to it, and the army rallied to him. He relied on Zong Yan of Nanyang, the vice-prefect, Liu Tan, a central army major from the same commandery, and Yue Ai, an adviser—men trusted throughout the province—and consulted them on every military decision. Yingzhou and Yan each contributed their private funds and grain and borrowed from the wealthy to support the army. The monks of Changfa Temple were wealthy and had cast several thousand taels of gold into dragon figures and buried them in the ground. Yingzhou seized them to pay for the army.
52
穎冑遣使送劉山陽首於蕭衍，且言年月未利，當須明年二月進兵。 衍曰：「舉事之初，所藉者一時驍銳之心。 事事相接，猶恐疑怠； 若頓兵十旬，必生悔吝。 且坐甲十萬，糧用自竭； 若童子立異，則大事不成。 況處分已定，安可中息哉！ 昔武王伐紂，行逆太歲，豈復待年月乎！」
Yingzhou sent Liu Shanyang's head to Xiao Yan and proposed waiting until the second month of the coming year to march, saying the calendar was not yet favorable. Yan replied: "At the start of a rising, one depends on the army's immediate fighting spirit. One event follows another, and even then men grow doubtful and slack; halt the army a hundred days and regret is sure to follow. A hundred thousand men under arms will exhaust their supplies; if some boy stirs up trouble, the whole enterprise will fail. And our plans are already set—how can we stop halfway! When King Wu attacked King Zhou of Shang, he marched against the astrological sign of the year—did he wait for a favorable calendar!"
53
戊午，衍上表勸南康王寶融稱尊號； 不許。 十二月，穎冑與夏侯詳移檄建康百官及州郡牧守，數帝及梅蟲兒、茹法珍罪惡。 穎冑遣冠軍將軍天水楊公則向湘州，西中郎參軍南郡鄧元起向夏口。 軍主王法度坐不進軍免官。 乙亥，荊州將佐復勸寶融稱尊號； 不許。 夏侯詳之子驍騎將軍但為殿中主帥，詳密召之，但自建康亡歸。 壬辰，至江陵，稱奉德皇太后之令：「南康王宜纂承皇祚，方俟清宮，未即大號； 可封十郡為宣城王、相國、荊州牧，加黃鉞，選百官，西中郎府、南康國如故。 須軍次近路，主者備法駕奉迎。」
On wuwu, Yan memorialized urging Prince Bao Rong of Nankang to take the imperial title; again he refused. In the twelfth month, Yingzhou and Xiahou Xiang issued a proclamation to the officials of Jiankang and to governors throughout the realm, denouncing the emperor and his favorites Mei Chong'er and Ru Fazhen. Yingzhou sent Yang Gongze of Tianshui, champion general, against Xiang Province and Deng Yuanqi of Nan commandery, a western central army major, against Xiakou. Wang Fadu, an army commander, was dismissed for failing to advance. On yihai, the officers of Jing Province again urged Bao Rong to take the imperial title; again he refused. Xiahou Xiang's son Dan, a general of agile cavalry and palace commander, was secretly summoned by his father and fled Jiankang to join him. On renchen he reached Jiangling and announced an order in the name of Empress Dowager De: "Prince Bao Rong of Nankang should succeed to the throne, but must wait until the palace is secured before taking the imperial title; for now he may be made prince of Xuancheng over ten commanderies, chancellor of state, and governor of Jing Province, with the yellow battle-axe, authority to appoint officials, while the western central army headquarters and the state of Nankang remain unchanged. When the army approaches, the responsible officials shall prepare the imperial equipage to welcome him."
54
竟陵太守新野曹景宗遣親人說蕭衍，迎南康王都襄陽，先正尊號，然後將軍； 衍不從。 王茂私謂張弘策曰：「今以南康置人手中，彼扶天子以令諸侯，節下前進為人所使，此豈它日之長計乎！」 弘策以告衍，衍曰：「若前塗大事不捷，故自蘭艾同焚； 若其克捷，則威振四海，誰敢不從，豈碌碌受人處分者邪！」
Cao Jingzong of Xinye, administrator of Jingling, sent an envoy urging Xiao Yan to bring Prince Bao Rong to Xiangyang as capital, proclaim him emperor first, and then serve as his general; Yan refused. Wang Mao told Zhang Hongce privately: "If we put Nankang in another man's hands, he will hold the emperor and command the lords—you will march at another's orders. Is that a plan for the long term? Hongce reported this to Yan, who said: "If we fail, we perish together like orchid and mugwort in the fire; if we succeed, our authority will awe the realm—who would dare disobey—would I be a man who takes orders from others!"
55
初，陳顯達、崔慧景之亂，人心不安。 或問時事於上庸太守杜陵韋睿，睿曰：陳雖舊將，非命世才； 崔頗更事，懦而不武； 其赤族宜矣。 定天下者，殆必在吾州將乎？」 乃遣二子自結於蕭衍。 及衍起兵，睿帥郡兵二千倍道赴之。 華山太守藍田康絢帥郡兵三千赴衍。 馮道根時居母喪，聞衍起兵，帥鄉人子弟勝兵者悉往赴之。 梁、南秦二州刺史柳惔亦起兵應衍。 惔，忱之兄也。
Earlier, during the revolts of Chen Xianda and Cui Huijing, the realm was uneasy. When someone asked Wei Rui of Duling, administrator of Shangyong, about the situation, Rui said: "Chen is an old soldier but no man of destiny; Cui has seen much service but is timid and no warrior; it was fitting that their clans were destroyed." The man who will settle the realm is surely among our province's generals, is he not? He then sent his two sons to pledge themselves to Xiao Yan. When Yan rose in arms, Rui marched two thousand commandery troops to join him at forced pace. Kang Xuan of Lantian, administrator of Huashan, brought three thousand commandery troops to Yan. Feng Daogen was in mourning for his mother, but when he heard Yan had risen, he led every able-bodied man from his township to join him. Liu Yan, inspector of Liang and South Qin provinces, also rose in support of Yan. Yan was the elder brother of Liu Chen.
56
帝聞劉山陽死，發詔討荊、雍。 戊寅，以冠軍長史劉澮為雍州刺史； 遣驍騎將軍薛元嗣、制局監暨榮伯將兵及過糧百四十餘船送郢州刺史張沖，使拒西師。 元嗣等懲劉山陽之死，疑沖，不敢進，停夏口浦； 聞西師將至，乃相帥入郢城。 前竟陵太守房僧寄將還建康，至郢，帝敕僧寄留守魯山，除驍騎將軍。 張沖與之結盟，遣軍主孫樂祖將數千人助僧寄守魯山。
When the emperor heard that Liu Shanyang was dead, he issued an edict to campaign against Jing and Yong. On wuyin, Liu Hui, champion chief clerk, was appointed inspector of Yong Province; and sent Xue Yuansi, general of agile cavalry, and Ji Rongbo, a bureau supervisor, with troops and more than 140 grain ships to reinforce Zhang Chong, inspector of Ying Province, against the western army. Yuansi and his men, mindful of Shanyang's fate, distrusted Chong and halted at Xiakou without advancing; when they heard the western army was approaching, they withdrew together into Ying city. Fang Sengji, the former administrator of Jingling, was returning to Jiankang; when he reached Ying, the emperor ordered him to hold Lushan and made him general of agile cavalry. Zhang Chong allied with him and sent Sun Lezu, an army commander, with several thousand men to help defend Lushan.
57
蕭穎冑與武寧太守鄧元起書，招之。 張沖待元起素厚，眾皆勸其還郢，元起大言於眾曰：「朝廷暴虐，誅戮宰輔，群小用事，衣冠道盡。 荊、雍二州同舉大事，何患不克！ 且我老母在西，若事不成，正受戮昏朝，倖免不孝之罪。」 即日治嚴上道，至江陵，為西中郎中兵參軍。
Xiao Yingzhou wrote to Deng Yuanqi, administrator of Wuning, inviting him to join. Zhang Chong had always treated Yuanqi well, and many urged him to return to Ying; Yuanqi declared to them: "The court is brutal, slaughtering its ministers; petty men rule, and civilized order is dead. Jing and Yong have risen together—how can we fail! My old mother is in the west; if we fail, I will die at the hands of this deranged court and be spared the shame of unfilial conduct." That same day he set out; reaching Jiangling, he was made central army major of the western central army.
58
湘州行事張寶積發兵自守，未知所附。 楊公則克巴陵，進軍白沙，寶積懼，請降，公則入長沙，撫納之。
Zhang Baoji, acting head of Xiang Province, mobilized troops to hold his ground, uncertain which side to join. Yang Gongze took Baling and advanced to Baisha; Baoji, frightened, surrendered; Gongze entered Changsha and pacified the region.
59
是歲，北秦州刺史楊集始將眾萬餘自漢中北出，規復舊地。 魏梁州刺史楊椿將步騎五千出頓下辯，遺集始書，開以利害，集始遂復將其部曲千餘人降魏。 魏人還其爵位，使歸守武興。
That year Yang Jishi, inspector of North Qin Province, led more than ten thousand men north from Hanzhong to recover his former territory. Yang Chun, Wei's inspector of Liang Province, marched five thousand infantry and cavalry to Xiabian and wrote to Jishi setting out the costs and benefits; Jishi then led his thousand-odd followers back to surrender to Wei. Wei restored his titles and sent him back to guard Wuxing.