1
宋隱許彥刁雍辛紹先韋閬杜銓
Song Yin, Xu Yan, Diao Yong, Xin Shaoxian, Wei Lang, and Du Quan
2
列傳第十四宋隱 〈（從子愔）〉 愔 〈（孫弁弁孫欽道弁族弟翻弟子世良）〉 世軌翻弟世景許彥 （五世孫惇刁雍 （子遵曾孫沖柔辛紹先韋閬孫子粲
Biographies 14: Song Yin 〈Nephew Yin〉 Yin 〈Grandson Bian; Bian's grandson Qindao; Bian's clansman cousin Fan; Fan's disciple Shiliang〉 Shigui, Fan's brother Shijing, and Xu Yan （Fifth-generation descendant Dun; Diao Yong （Son Zun; great-great-grandson Chongrou; Xin Shaoxian; Wei Lang; grandson Zican）
3
宋隱，字處默，西河介休人也。 曾祖奭，祖活，父恭。 世仕慕容氏，位並通顯。 慕容俊徙鄴，恭始家于廣平列人焉。 隱性至孝，專精好學。 仕慕容垂，位本州別駕。 道武平中山，拜隱尚書吏部郎，積遷行台右丞，領選。 以老病乞骸骨，不許。 尋以母喪歸列人，既葬被征，乃棄妻子匿于長樂，數年而卒。 臨終，謂其子經曰：「汝等苟能入順父兄，出悌鄉黨，仕郡幸而至功曹史，以忠清奉之，足矣。 不勞遠詣台閣，恐汝不能富貴，徒延門戶累耳。 若忘吾言，是死若父也。 使鬼有知，吾不歸食矣。」
Song Yin, whose style was Chumo, came from Jiexiu in Xihe. His great-grandfather was Shuang, his grandfather Huo, and his father Gong. For generations the family served the Murong, every man reaching conspicuous rank. When Murong Jun moved the capital to Ye, Gong first settled the clan at Lieren in Guangping. Yin was profoundly filial by nature and threw himself into study. He served Murong Chui as Recorder of the native prefecture. When Emperor Daowu pacified Zhongshan, Yin was made Director of the Ministry of Personnel in the Secretariat, then promoted over time to Right Vice-Director of the mobile office with charge of selection. He asked to retire on grounds of age and illness and was refused. He soon went home to Lieren for his mother's mourning; after the burial he was summoned again, abandoned wife and children, hid in Changle, and died there several years later. On his deathbed he told his son Jing: "If you can obey father and elders at home and show fraternal duty abroad, and in commandery service are lucky enough to become Merit Officer Recorder and serve with loyalty and integrity, that is enough. Do not trouble yourself to reach the central offices—you may fail to grow rich and will only heap ruin on the household. If you forget my words, you wrong your dead father. If ghosts have awareness, I will not return to share your food."
4
隱弟宣，字道茂，與范陽盧玄、勃海高允、博陵崔建、從子愔俱被征，拜中書博士。 後拜侍郎、行司徒校尉。 卒，諡曰簡侯。 宣子謨，字乾仁，襲爵，卒于遼西太守。 子鸞襲爵，位東莞太守。
Yin's younger brother Xuan, style Daomao, was summoned along with Lu Xuan of Fanyang, Gao Yun of Bohai, Cui Jian of Boling, and his nephew Yin and appointed Secretariat academicians. He was later made Vice-Director and Acting Commandant-Validator of the Ministry of Education. On his death he received the posthumous title Marquis Jian. Xuan's son Mo, style Qianren, inherited the title and died as Governor of Liaoxi. His son Luan inherited the title and held the post of Governor of Dongguan.
5
鸞弟瓊，字普賢，以孝稱。 母曾病，季秋月思瓜。 瓊夢想見之，求而遂獲，時人異之。 卒於家。
Luan's younger brother Qiong, style Puxian, was known for filial piety. Once when his mother was ill, in late autumn she craved melons. Qiong dreamed of them, sought them, and found them; people at the time took it as a marvel. He died at home.
6
愔曆中書博士、員外散騎常侍，使江南。 爵列人子。 卒于廣平太守。 長子顯襲爵。 顯無子，養弟子弁為後。
Yin served as Secretariat academician and Supernumerary Palace Attendant and was sent on a mission south of the Yangtze. He held the title Baron of Lieren. He died as Governor of Guangping. His eldest son Xian inherited the title. Xian had no sons and adopted his younger brother's son Bian as heir.
7
弁字義和。 父叔珍，娶趙郡李敷妹，因敷事而死。 弁至京師，見尚書李沖，因言論移日。 沖異之，退曰：「此人一日千里，王佐才也。」 顯卒，弁襲爵。 弁與李彪州裏，迭相祗好。 彪為秘書丞，請為著作佐郎。 遷尚書殿中郎中。 孝文曾因朝會次，曆訪政道。 弁年少官微，自下而對，聲姿清亮，進止可觀。 帝稱善者久之。 因是大被知遇，賜名為弁，意取弁和獻玉，楚王不知寶之也。 遷中書侍郎兼員外散騎常侍，使齊。 齊司徒蕭子良、秘書丞王融等皆稱美之，以為志氣謇諤不逮李彪，而體韻和雅，舉止閑邃過之。 轉散騎侍郎。 時散騎位在中書之右。 孝文曾論江左事，問弁在南興亡之數。 弁以為蕭氏父子無大功于天下，既以逆取，不能順守，必不能貽厥孫謀，保有南海。 若物憚其威，身免為幸。 後車駕南征，以弁為司徒司馬、東道副將。 軍人有盜馬靽者，斬而徇，於是三軍震懼，莫敢犯法。
Bian, whose style was Yihe. His father Shuzhen had married a sister of Li Fu of Zhao commandery and died in the affair involving Fu. When Bian reached the capital he met Li Chong, Director of the Secretariat, and they talked the day away. Chong was impressed and said as he left: "This man covers a thousand li in a day—talent fit to assist a king. When Xian died, Bian inherited the title. Bian and Li Biao were fellow townsmen and held each other in mutual esteem. When Biao was Secretariat Director he had Bian appointed Assistant Editor in the Historiography Office. He was transferred to Director in the Palace Department of the Secretariat. Emperor Xiaowen once, during court assembly, questioned him in turn on governance. Though young and low in rank, Bian answered from below in a clear, bright voice with admirable bearing. The emperor praised him at length. Thereupon he won great favor; he was granted the personal name Bian, evoking Bian He presenting jade while the King of Chu failed to recognize its worth. He was promoted to Vice-Director of the Secretariat with concurrent Supernumerary Palace Attendant and sent on a mission to Qi. Qi's Minister of Education Xiao Ziliang, Secretariat Director Wang Rong, and others praised him, saying his will and spirit were forthright though not equal to Li Biao's, while his tone and bearing were harmonious and elegant and his manner leisurely and deep—surpassing Biao. He was transferred to Vice-Director of the Palace Attendants. At that time the Palace Attendant post ranked above the Secretariat. Emperor Xiaowen once discussed the south and asked Bian how long until the southern dynasty fell. Bian held that the Xiao father and son had done the realm no great service; having seized power by rebellion they could not preserve it by obedience, and would surely fail to secure their descendants or hold the southern sea. If others feared their might, they themselves might escape with their lives—that was all. Later, when the emperor campaigned south, Bian was made Acting Vice-Commander of the Ministry of Education and Eastern-route deputy commander. When a soldier stole horse hobbles, he beheaded him and displayed the corpse; the three armies were awed and none dared violate the law.
8
黃門郎崔光薦弁自代，帝不許，亦賞光知人。 未幾，以弁兼司徒左長史。 時大選內外群官，並定四海士族，弁專參銓量之任，事多稱旨。 然好言人之陰短。 高門大族意所不便者，弁因毀之，至於舊族淪滯而人非可忌者，又申達之。 弁又為本州大中正，姓族多所降抑，頗為時人所怨。 遷散騎常侍，尋遷右衛將軍、領黃門。 弁屢自陳讓，帝曰：「吾為相知者，卿亦不可有辭。 豈得專守一官，不助朕為政！ 且常侍者，黃門之粗冗； 領軍者，三衛之假攝，不足空存推讓，以棄大委。」 其被知遇如此。 孝文北都之選，李沖多所參預，頗抑宋氏。 弁恨沖而與李彪交結，雅相知重。 及彪之抗沖，沖謂彪曰：「爾如狗耳！ 為人所嗾。」 及沖劾彪，不至大罪，弁之力也。 彪除名，弁大相嗟慨，密圖申復。
Yellow Gate Gentleman Cui Guang recommended Bian to replace himself; the emperor refused but also praised Guang for knowing men. Before long Bian was made concurrent Left Chief Clerk of the Ministry of Education. At that time officials within and without were selected in a great ranking of gentry throughout the realm; Bian alone handled the weighing of qualifications, and matters mostly pleased the emperor. Yet he loved to speak of people's hidden faults. For great houses he disliked he spread slander; for old families fallen into obscurity whose people were not to be feared, he spoke up for them. Bian also served as Grand Rectifier of his native commandery and demoted many clans, winning much resentment. He was promoted to Regular Palace Attendant, then soon to Right Guard General with concurrent charge of the Yellow Gate. Bian repeatedly declined; the emperor said: "I know you as a friend—you must not refuse. How can you cling to one office and not help me govern! Regular Attendant is a rough, subordinate post in the Yellow Gate; commanding the guards is a provisional assignment among the three guards—there is no room for empty modesty and abandoning a great commission. Such was the favor he enjoyed. In the selection for the northern capital, Li Chong took much part and greatly suppressed the Song clan. Bian resented Chong and bonded with Li Biao in deep mutual esteem. When Biao resisted Chong, Chong said to Biao: "You are like a dog! Driven by someone else's hand. When Chong impeached Biao, he did not suffer the gravest penalty—thanks to Bian. When Biao was stripped of his name, Bian sighed greatly and secretly plotted his restoration.
9
孝文在汝南不豫，大漸，旬餘日不見侍臣，左右唯彭城王勰等數人而已。 小瘳，乃引見門下及宗室長幼諸人。 入者未能皆致悲泣，惟弁與司徒司馬張海歔欷流涕，由是益重之。 車駕征馬圈，留弁以本官兼祠部尚書，攝七兵事。 及行，執其手曰：「國之大事，在祀與戎，故令卿綰攝二曹。」 弁頓首辭謝。 弁劬勞王事，恩遇亞于李沖。 帝每稱弁可為吏部尚書，及崩，遺詔以弁為之。 與咸陽王禧等六人輔政，而弁先卒。 年三十八。 贈瀛州刺史，諡曰貞順。
When Emperor Xiaowen fell ill at Runan and grew gravely ill, for more than ten days he saw no attending ministers; only Prince of Pengcheng Xie and a few others were at his side. When he improved slightly he summoned the Gentlemen of the Gate and the elders of the imperial clan. Those who entered could not all weep; only Bian and Acting Vice-Commander Zhang Hai sobbed and shed tears, and the emperor valued him all the more. When the emperor campaigned to Maquan, Bian was left in his original post with concurrent Minister of Sacrifices, in charge of the seven military offices. On departure the emperor took his hand and said: "The great affairs of state lie in sacrifice and war; therefore I put you in charge of both offices. Bian bowed his head and declined with thanks. Bian toiled at the king's business and enjoyed favor second only to Li Chong. The emperor often said Bian could serve as Director of the Ministry of Personnel; when he died, the testamentary edict appointed Bian to that post. He was one of six, with Prince of Xianyang Xi and others, who were to assist the government, but Bian died first. He was thirty-eight. He was posthumously made Governor of Yingzhou; his posthumous title was Zhenshun.
10
弁性好矜伐，自許膏腴。 孝文以郭祚晉魏名門，從容謂弁曰：「卿固當推郭祚之門。」 弁笑曰：「臣家未肯推祚。」 帝曰：「卿自漢、魏以來，既無高官，又無俊秀，何得不推？」 弁曰：「臣清素自立，要爾不推。」 侍臣出後，帝謂彭城王勰曰：「弁人身自不惡，乃復欲以門戶自矜，殊為可怪。」
Bian was fond of boasting by nature and considered himself of the finest blood. Emperor Xiaowen, because Guo Zuo was a famous house of Jin and Wei, said casually to Bian: "You ought to yield place to the house of Guo Zuo. Bian smiled and said: "My house is not willing to yield to Zuo." The emperor said: "From Han and Wei onward your house has had neither high office nor outstanding talent—how can you not yield?" Bian said: "I stand on my own integrity and clarity; in any case I will not yield." After the attendants left, the emperor said to Prince of Pengcheng Xie: "Bian's person is not bad, yet he still wants to boast of his house—it is very strange."
11
長子維，字伯緒，襲父爵。 為給事中。 坐諂事高肇，出為益州龍驤府長史，辭疾不行。 太尉、清河王懌輔政，以維名臣子，薦為通直郎，辟其弟紀行參軍。 靈太后臨政，委任元叉，恃寵驕盈，懌每以公理裁斷。 叉甚忿恨，思害懌，遂與維作計，以富貴許之。 維見叉寵勢日隆，乃告司染都尉韓文殊父子謀逆立懌。 懌被錄禁中。 文殊父子懼而逃遁。 鞫無反狀，以文殊亡走，懸處大辟。 置懌于宮西別館，禁兵守之。 維應反坐，叉言于太后，欲開將來告者之路，乃黜為燕州昌平郡守，紀為秦州大羌令。
His eldest son Wei, style Boxu, inherited his father's title. He served as Attendant of the Inner Palace. For fawning on Gao Zhao he was sent out as Chief Clerk of the Dragon-Charger Office in Yizhou; he pleaded illness and did not go. When Grand Commandant Prince of Qinghe Yi assisted the government, because Wei was a famous minister's son he recommended him as Direct Transmission Gentleman and recruited his younger brother Ji as Retainer. When Empress Dowager Ling took power she entrusted Yuan Cha, who grew arrogant with favor; Yi often judged him by public principle. Cha hated him greatly and plotted to harm Yi; he joined with Wei in a plan and promised him wealth and honor. Wei saw Cha's power and favor growing daily and reported to Director of the Dye Works Han Wenshu and his son that they plotted rebellion to install Yi. Yi was taken and held in the inner palace. Wenshu and his son, in fear, fled. The interrogation found no sign of rebellion; because Wenshu had fled, he was sentenced to death in absentia. Yi was placed in a separate lodge west of the palace and guarded by forbidden troops. Wei should have suffered the penalty for false accusation; Cha spoke to the Empress Dowager, wishing to open the way for future informers, and Wei was demoted to Administrator of Changping in Yanzhou and Ji to Magistrate of Daqiang in Qinzhou.
12
維及紀頗涉經史，而浮薄無行； 懌尊親懿望，朝野瞻屬。 維受懌眷賞而無狀構間，天下士人莫不怪忿而賤薄之。 及叉殺懌，專斷朝政，以維兄弟前者告懌，征維為散騎侍郎，紀為太學博士、領侍御史。 叉甚昵之。 維超遷通直常侍，又除洛州刺史。 紀超遷尚書郎。 紀字仲烈。 初，弁謂族弟世景，言「維疏險而紀識慧不足，終必敗吾業」。 世景以為不爾。 至是果然。 聞者以為知子莫若父。 尚書令李崇、左僕射郭祚、右僕射遊肇每云：「伯緒凶疏，終敗宋氏，幸得殺身耳。」 論者以為有征。 後除營州刺史。 靈太后反政，以叉黨除名，遂還鄉里。 尋追其前誣告清河王事，於鄴賜死。
Wei and Ji were both versed in the classics and histories, yet frivolous and without conduct; Yi's honored kin and lofty reputation were looked to by court and countryside. Wei received Yi's favor and reward yet shamelessly sowed discord; scholars throughout the realm all marveled and despised him. When Cha killed Yi and monopolized court government, because the Wei brothers had earlier denounced Yi, Wei was summoned as Regular Palace Attendant and Ji as Erudite of the Imperial Academy and concurrent Attending Censor. Cha was very intimate with them. Wei was promoted over rank to Direct Transmission Regular Attendant and also made Governor of Luozhou. Ji was promoted over rank to Secretariat Gentleman. Ji, whose style was Zhonglie. Earlier Bian had told his clansman cousin Shijing that "Wei is careless and dangerous while Ji's insight is insufficient—they will surely ruin my house." Shijing did not think so. By then it proved true. Hearers said none knows a son like the father. Director Li Chong, Left Vice-Director Guo Zuo, and Right Vice-Director You Zhao often said: "Boxu is vicious and careless; in the end he will ruin the Song house—lucky if he dies first. Discussants held there were signs of it. Later he was made Governor of Yingzhou. When Empress Dowager Ling restored the government she stripped Cha's faction of their names and Wei returned home. Soon his earlier false accusation against Prince of Qinghe was pursued; he was granted death by edict at Ye.
13
子春卿早亡，弟紀以次子欽仁嗣。 欽仁，武定末為太尉祭酒。 紀，明帝末為北道行台，卒晉陽。 子欽道。
His son Chunqing died young; his younger brother Ji made his second son Qinren heir. Qinren, at the end of Wuding, was Libationer of the Grand Commandant. Ji, at the end of Emperor Ming's reign, was Northern-route Mobile Vice-Director and died at Jinyang. His son Qindao.
14
欽道仕齊，歷位中山太守。 長於撫接，然好察細事。 其州府佐吏使人間者，先酬錢然後敢食。 臨蒞處稱為嚴整。 尋徵為黃門侍郎，又令在東宮教太子吏事。 時鄭子默以文學見知，亦被親寵。 欽道本文法吏，不甚諳識古今，凡有疑事，必詢子默。 二人幸于兩宮，雖諸王貴臣莫敢不敬憚。 欽道又遷秘書監，仍帶黃門侍郎。 乾明初，遷侍中，與楊愔同誅。 贈吏部尚書、趙州刺史。
Qindao served Qi and rose to Governor of Zhongshan. He was skilled at winning people, yet loved to scrutinize small matters. The clerks and aides of his prefecture and office sent out as spies among the people had to be paid first before they dared eat. When he arrived to take office he was called strict and orderly. Soon he was summoned as Vice-Director of the Yellow Gate and also ordered to teach the crown prince administrative affairs in the Eastern Palace. At that time Zheng Zimo was known for literary learning and also received intimate favor. Qindao had originally been a clerk versed in law and did not know antiquity well; whenever he had doubts he always consulted Zimo. The two were favored in both palaces; even princes and honored ministers did not dare fail to respect them. Qindao was again made Director of the Secretariat, still with concurrent Vice-Directorship of the Yellow Gate. At the beginning of Qianming he was made Attendant and was executed together with Yang Yin. He was posthumously made Director of the Ministry of Personnel and Governor of Zhao.
15
弁族弟穎，字文賢，位魏郡太守。 納貨劉騰，騰言之，以為涼州刺史。 穎前妻劉氏亡後十五年，穎夢見之。 拜曰：「新婦今被處分為高崇妻，故來辭君。」 泫然涕流。 穎且見崇，言之。 崇後數日而卒。
Bian's clansman cousin Ying, style Wenxian, held the post of Governor of Wei commandery. He bribed Liu Teng; Teng spoke for him and he was made Governor of Liangzhou. Fifteen years after Ying's former wife the Liu clan died, Ying dreamed he saw her. She bowed and said: "Your new wife has now been assigned as wife to Gao Chong; I have come to take leave of you. Tears streamed down. Ying soon saw Chong and told him. Chong died several days later.
16
穎族弟鴻貴，為定州平北府參軍。 送戍兵於荊州，坐取兵絹四百匹，兵欲告之，乃斬兵十人。 又疏凡不達見令，律有梟首罪，乃生斷兵手，以水澆之，然後斬決。 尋坐伏法。 時人哀兵之苦，笑鴻貴之愚。
Ying's clansman cousin Honggui was a staff member of the Pacify-the-North Headquarters in Dingzhou. Escorting garrison soldiers to Jingzhou, he took four hundred bolts of silk from the soldiers; when the soldiers were about to report him, he beheaded ten soldiers. He also was crude and did not understand the visible order; the law provided the penalty of exposing the head, yet he cut off the soldiers' hands alive, poured water on them, and then beheaded them. Before long he suffered execution by law. People pitied the soldiers' suffering and laughed at Honggui's folly.
17
弁族弟翻。 翻字飛烏，少有操行，世人以剛斷許之。 孝莊時，除司徒左長史、河南尹。 初，翻為河陰令，順陽公主家奴為劫，攝而不送。 翻將兵圍主宅，執主婿馮穆，步驅向縣。 時正炎暑，立之日中，流汗沾地。 縣舊有大枷，時人號曰彌尾青。 及翻為縣，主吏請焚之。 翻曰：「置南牆下，以待豪右。」 未幾，有內監楊小駒詣縣請事，辭色不遜，翻命取尾青以鎖之。 小駒既免，入訴于宣武。 宣武大怒，敕河南尹推之，翻具自陳狀。 詔曰：「卿故違朝法，豈不欲作威以買名？」 翻對曰：「造者非臣，買名者亦宜非臣。 所以留者，非敢施于百姓，欲待凶暴之徒如駒者耳。」 於是威振京師。
Bian's clansman cousin Fan. Fan, style Feiwu, from youth had conduct and integrity; the world expected firmness of him. In Emperor Xiaozhuang's time he was made Left Chief Clerk of the Ministry of Education and Governor of Henan. Earlier, when Fan was Magistrate of Heyin, a slave of Princess Shunyang's household committed robbery and was seized but not sent up. Fan led troops to surround the princess's residence, seized her son-in-law Feng Mu, and drove him on foot to the county seat. It was the height of summer; he was made to stand in the midday sun until sweat soaked the ground. The county had long had a great cangue that people called "Mawei Green." When Fan became magistrate the chief clerk asked to burn it. Fan said: "Set it by the south wall to await the powerful. Before long an inner attendant, Yang Xiaoju, came to the county on business with insolent words; Fan ordered Mawei Green taken to lock him. When Xiaoju was released he entered a complaint to Emperor Xuanwu. Emperor Xuanwu was greatly angered and ordered the Governor of Henan to investigate; Fan stated the facts in full. The edict said: "You deliberately violated court law—did you not wish to make a display to buy a name? Fan replied: "The one who made it was not I; the one who buys a name should also not be I. The reason I kept it was not that I dared use it on the common people—I wished to await violent fellows like Xiaoju. Thereupon his authority shook the capital.
18
及為洛陽，迄于河南尹，畏憚權勢，更相承接，故當世之名大致減捐。 卒官，贈侍中、衛將軍、相州刺史。 孝武初，重贈驃騎大將軍、儀同三司、尚書左僕射、雍州刺史，諡曰貞烈。 翻弟毓：字道和，敦篤有志行。 卒于太中大夫。 子世良。
When he reached Luoyang and then served as Governor of Henan, he feared and deferred to power, and received one another in turn; therefore his reputation in his day was greatly diminished. He died in office and was posthumously made Attendant, Guard General, and Governor of Xiangzhou. At the beginning of Emperor Xiaowu's reign he was again posthumously made General of Agile Cavalry, Equal in Honor to the Three Dukes, Left Vice-Director of the Secretariat, and Governor of Yongzhou; his posthumous title was Zhenlie. Fan's younger brother Yu: style Daohe, sincere and resolute with will and conduct. He died as Grand Master of Palace Service. His son Shiliang.
19
世良字元友。 年十五，便有膽氣。 後隨伯父翻在南兗州，屢有戰功。 行台、臨淮王彧與語，奇之。 魏朝以爾硃榮有不臣跡，帝將圖之，密令彧將兵赴洛。 彧在梁郡，稱疾，假世良都督，令還南兗發兵以聽期。 世良請簡見兵三千騎，五日必到洛陽，並陳三策，彧皆不能從。
Shiliang, whose style was Yuanyou. At fifteen he already had courage. Later he followed his uncle Fan in Southern Yanzhou and repeatedly won merit in battle. Mobile Vice-Director Prince of Huaiyang Yu spoke with him and was struck by him. The Wei court, because Erzhu Rong showed signs of disloyalty, planned against him; the emperor secretly ordered Yu to lead troops to Luoyang. Yu was at Liang commandery and claimed illness; he lent Shiliang his commandant's seal and ordered him to return to Southern Yanzhou to raise troops to meet the deadline. Shiliang asked to select three thousand cavalry from the visible troops and reach Luoyang in five days, and set forth three stratagems; Yu could follow none of them.
20
尋為殿中侍御史，詣河北括戶，大獲浮惰。 還見汲郡城旁多骸骨，移書州郡，悉令收瘞。 其夜甘雨滂沱。 河內太守田估贓貨百萬，世良檢按之，未竟，遇赦而還。 孝莊勞之曰：「知卿所括得丁，倍於本帳。 若官人皆如此用心，便是更出一天下也。」 其後遷殿中。 世良奏殿中主齊會之事，請改付余曹。 帝曰：「卿意不欲親庖廚邪？ 宜付右兵，以為永式。」 河州刺史梁景睿，枹罕羌首，恃遠不敬，其賀正使人，頻年稱疾。 秦州刺史侯莫陳悅受其贈遺，常為送表。 世良並奏科其罪。 帝嘉之，謂長孫永業曰：「宋郎中實有家風，甚可重也。」 後拜清河太守。 世良才識閑明，尤善政術。 在郡未幾，聲問甚高。 陽平郡移掩劫盜三十餘人，世良訊其情狀，唯送十二人，餘皆放之。 陽平太守魏明朗大怒云：「輒放吾賊！」 及推問，送者皆實，放者皆非。 明朗大服。 郡東南有曲堤，成公一姓阻而居之，群盜多萃於此。 人為之語曰：「甯度東吳會稽，不曆成公曲堤。」 世良施八條之制，盜奔他境。 人又謠曰：「曲堤雖險賊何益，但有宋公自屏跡。」 齊天保初，大赦，郡無一囚，率群吏拜詔而已。 獄內厣魯生，桃樹蓬蒿亦滿。 每日牙門虛寂，無復訴訟者，謂之神門。 其冬，醴泉出於界內。 及代至，傾城祖道。 有老人丁金剛者，泣而前謝曰：「老人年九十，記三十五政。 府君非唯善政，清亦徹底。 今失賢者，人何以濟？」 莫不攀轅涕泣。 後卒于東郡太守，贈信州刺史。 世良強學，好屬文，撰《字略》五篇、《宋氏別錄》十卷。
Soon he was made Attending Censor in the Palace and went to Hebei to register households, capturing many hidden and idle persons. On his return he saw many bones beside Jijun city and sent letters to the commanderies and prefectures ordering them all collected and buried. That night sweet rain poured in torrents. Governor of Henei Tian Gu had taken bribes of a million cash; Shiliang investigated but did not finish before an amnesty sent him back. Emperor Xiaozhuang comforted him saying: "I know the households you registered were double the original rolls. If every official used his mind like this, it would be as if another realm had appeared under heaven. Afterward he was transferred within the Palace. Shiliang memorialized that the Palace chief handled banquet affairs and asked that it be transferred to another office. The emperor said: "Do you dislike working the kitchen yourself? Give it to the Right Military Office and make that the permanent rule. Governor of Hezhou Liang Jingrui, a Qiang chieftain of Fuhan, relied on distance and was disrespectful; his New Year envoys for years claimed illness. Governor of Qinzhou Hou Mo Chen Yue accepted his bribes and often forwarded his memorials. Shiliang memorialized to convict them both. The emperor praised him and said to Zhangsun Yongye: "Director Song truly has the family style—very much to be valued. Later he was made Governor of Qinghe. Shiliang's talent and insight were clear and bright; he was especially skilled in the art of government. He had not been long in the commandery when his reputation rose very high. Yangping commandery forwarded more than thirty robbers for arrest; Shiliang examined the facts and sent only twelve; the rest he released. Governor of Yangping Wei Minglang raged: "You casually release my bandits! When the case was pushed, those sent were all guilty and those released were all innocent. Minglang was greatly convinced. Southeast of the commandery was Qudi, where the Cheng clan of Gong blocked the place and lived; many bandits gathered there. People made a saying: "Better cross Dongwu and Kuaiji than pass Cheng Gong's Qudi. Shiliang imposed eight regulations; the bandits fled to other regions. People made another rhyme: "Qudi may be steep—what good are bandits? As long as Lord Song keeps them off himself. At the beginning of Tianbao in Qi there was a great amnesty; the commandery had not a single prisoner—the officials merely bowed to the edict. Inside the prison even mice and peach trees were overgrown with wormwood. Daily the gate of the yamen stood empty and still, with no more litigants; people called it the Spirit Gate. That winter sweet springs appeared within the borders. When his replacement arrived the whole city saw him off on the road. An old man, Ding Jingang, wept and came forward to thank him: "This old man is ninety and remembers thirty-five administrations. My lord was not only good in government—his clarity went to the bottom. Now that we lose such a man, how can the people be saved? None failed to cling to his carriage and weep. Later he died as Governor of Dongjun and was posthumously made Governor of Xinzhou. Shiliang studied hard, loved composing text, and wrote five chapters of "Summary of Characters" and ten rolls of "Song Clan Separate Records."
21
子伯宗，位侍御史。 性清退好學，多所撰述。 至齊亡，不徙職，遂不入仕。 隋大業初，卒於家。 世良弟世軌。
His son Bozong held the post of Attending Censor. By nature retiring and fond of learning, he wrote much. When Qi fell he did not change office and therefore never entered service. At the beginning of Daye in Sui he died at home. Shiliang's younger brother Shigui.
22
世軌幼自修整，好法律。 天保初，曆三尚書三公、二千石、都官郎中，兼併州長史。 執獄寬平，多所全濟。 為都官郎中，有囚事枉，將送，垂致法。 世軌遣騎追止之，切奏其狀，遂免。
From youth Shigui disciplined himself and loved the law. At the beginning of Tianbao he successively held the three Secretariat posts, the offices of two-thousand-bushel rank, and Director of the Ministry of Justice, with concurrent Long History of Bingzhou. He held the prisons with leniency and fairness and saved many. As Director of the Ministry of Justice there was a prisoner wronged in his case who was about to be sent off and nearly executed. Shigui sent riders to pursue and stop it, memorialized urgently on the facts, and he was spared.
23
稍遷廷尉少卿。 洛州人聚結欲劫河橋，吏捕案之，連諸元徒黨千七百人。 崔昂為廷尉，以為反，數年不斷。 及世軌為少卿，判其事為劫，唯殺魁首，余從坐悉舍焉。 大理正蘇珍之以平幹知名，寺中語曰：「決定嫌疑蘇珍之，視表見裏宋世軌。」 時人以為寺中二絕。 南台囚到廷尉，世軌多雪之，仍移攝御史，將問其濫狀。 中尉畢義雲不送，移往復不止。 世軌遂上書極言義雲酷擅。 文宣引見二人，親敕世軌曰：「我知台欺寺久，卿能執理抗衡，但守此心，勿慮不富貴。」 敕義雲曰：「卿比所為誠合死，以志在疾惡，故且一恕。」 仍顧謂朝臣曰：「此二人並我骨鯁臣也。」 及卒，廷尉、御史諸系囚皆哭曰：「宋廷尉死，我等豈有生路！」 贈光州刺史，諡曰平。 無子，世良以第五子朝基嗣。
He was gradually promoted to Vice-Director of the Court of Justice. People of Luozhou gathered planning to rob the He Bridge; officials arrested and tried them, implicating more than seventeen hundred Yuan partisans. Cui Ang was Vice-Director of the Court and treated it as rebellion; for years it was not decided. When Shigui became Vice-Director he judged the affair as robbery, executed only the ringleaders, and released all the rest who followed. Chief Justice Su Zhenzhi was known for fair competence; within the office they said: "To decide doubtful cases, Su Zhenzhi; to see the inside from the outside, Song Shigui. People of the time considered them the two marvels of the office. Prisoners from the Southern Terrace who reached the Court of Justice—Shigui acquitted many and then transferred authority to the Censorate to question their abuses. Chief Commandant Bi Yiyun did not send them; the transfer went back and forth without stop. Shigui then submitted a memorial vehemently accusing Yiyun of cruelty and usurpation. Emperor Wenxuan summoned the two men and personally charged Shigui: "I know the Terrace has long bullied the Court—you can uphold principle and resist them; only keep this heart and do not worry about lacking wealth and honor. He charged Yiyun: "What you have done truly deserves death; because your will is set on hating evil, for now I pardon you once." He then turned to the court ministers and said: "These two are both my bone-in-the-throat ministers." When he died, prisoners throughout the Court and Censorate all wept: "When Vice-Director Song dies, how can we have a way to live!" He was posthumously made Governor of Guangzhou; his posthumous title was Ping. He had no sons; Shiliang made his fifth son Chaoji heir.
24
翻弟世景。 世景少自修立，事親以孝聞。 與弟道璵下帷讀誦，博覽群言，尤精經義。 族兄弁甚重之。 舉秀才上第。 再遷彭城王勰開府法曹行參軍。 勰愛其才學，雅相器敬。 孝文甚嘉異之。 遷司徒法曹行參軍。 世景明刑理，著律令，裁決疑獄，剖判如流。 轉尚書祠部郎。 彭城王勰每稱曰：「宋世景精微，尚書僕射才也。」 台中疑事，右僕射游肇常以委之。 世景既才長從政，加之夙勤不怠，兼領數曹，深著稱績。 左僕射源懷引為行台郎。 巡察州鎮，十有餘所，黜陟賞罰，莫不咸允。 遷七鎮，別置諸戍，明設亭候，以備不虞。 懷大相委重，還，薦之宣武，以為不減李沖。 帝曰：「朕亦聞之。」 後為伏波將軍，行榮陽太守，鄭氏豪橫，號為難制。 濟州刺史鄭尚弟遠慶，先為苑陵令，多所受納，百姓患之。 而世景下車，召而誡之。 遠慶行意自若，世景繩之以法。 遠慶懼，棄官亡走。 於是屬縣畏威，莫不改肅。 終日坐於査事，未嘗寢息。 人間之事，巨細必知。 發奸擿伏，有若神明。 嘗有一吏，休滿還郡，食人雞豚。 又有一干，受人一帽，又食二雞。 世景叱而告之，吏、幹叩頭伏罪。 於是上下震悚，莫敢犯禁。 坐弟道璵事除名。
Fan's younger brother Shijing. From youth Shijing disciplined himself; he was known for filial service to his parents. With his younger brother Daoyu he studied behind curtains, reading widely, especially expert in classical meaning. His clansman cousin Bian greatly valued him. He was presented as a xiucai and placed in the upper grade. He was twice promoted to Acting Legal Clerk in the Prince of Pengcheng Xie's opening office. Xie loved his talent and learning and greatly esteemed him. Emperor Xiaowen greatly praised and distinguished him. He was promoted to Acting Legal Clerk in the Ministry of Education. Shijing understood penal principle, compiled statutes, decided doubtful cases, and judged as if flowing water. He was transferred to Gentleman of Sacrifices in the Secretariat. Prince of Pengcheng Xie often said: "Song Shijing is subtle and refined—talent fit for Vice-Director of the Secretariat. For doubtful matters within the Terrace, Right Vice-Director You Zhao often entrusted them to him. Shijing was talented in government and, moreover, from old diligent without slackness; he concurrently held several offices and won deep praise for achievement. Left Vice-Director Yuan Huai brought him in as Mobile Office Gentleman. He inspected more than ten provinces and garrisons; dismissals, promotions, rewards, and punishments all won approval. He moved the seven garrisons, separately established the various posts, and clearly set watch-towers to guard against the unexpected. Huai greatly entrusted him; on his return he recommended him to Emperor Xuanwu, saying he was not inferior to Li Chong. The emperor said: "I have also heard of him. Later he was made General Who Subdues the Waves and Acting Governor of Xingyang; the Zheng clan of Zheng was overbearing and called hard to control. Governor of Jizhou Zheng Shang's younger brother Yuanqing had earlier been Magistrate of Yuanling and took many bribes; the people suffered from him. When Shijing took his post he summoned and admonished him. Yuanqing acted as he pleased; Shijing bound him by law. Yuanqing was afraid, abandoned his office, and fled. Thereupon the subordinate counties feared his authority and none failed to reform and become solemn. He sat all day investigating affairs and never rested. Matters among the people, great or small, he always knew. Exposing wrong and plucking out the hidden, he was like a spirit. Once there was a clerk whose term ended and who returned to the commandery and ate someone's chickens and pigs. There was also a runner who accepted one hat from someone and also ate two chickens. Shijing shouted and told them; the clerk and runner knocked their heads and confessed guilt. Thereupon above and below were awed and none dared violate the prohibition. He was stripped of his name because of his younger brother Daoyu's affair.
25
世景友于之性，過絕於人，及道璵死，哭之，酸感行路。 歲餘，母喪，遂不勝哀而卒。 世景曾撰《晉書》，竟未得就。
Shijing's fraternal affection surpassed others; when Daoyu died he wept for him with grief that moved passersby on the road. More than a year later, in his mother's mourning, he could not bear the grief and died. Shijing once compiled a "History of Jin" but never finished it.
26
遺腹子季儒，位太學博士。 曾至譙、宋間，為文吊嵇康，甚有理致。 後夜寢室壞，壓而殞，時人悼傷惜之。
His posthumous son Jiru held the post of Erudite of the Imperial Academy. He once went to Qiao and Song and wrote a text mourning Ji Kang with very sound reasoning. Later his bedroom collapsed and crushed him to death; people mourned and pitied him.
27
道璵少而敏俊，自太學博士轉京兆王愉法曹行參軍。 坐愉反得罪。 作詩及輓歌詞寄之朋親，以見冤痛。 道璵又曾贈著作郎張始均詩，其末章云：「子深懷璧憂，餘有當門病。」 道璵既不免難，始均亦遇世禍，時咸怪之。
Daoyu from youth was clever and handsome; from Erudite of the Imperial Academy he was transferred to Acting Legal Clerk in Prince of Jingzhao Yu's opening office. He was punished because of Yu's rebellion. He composed poems and elegiac verses and sent them to friends and kin to show his wrongful suffering. Daoyu also once gave a poem to Editor Zhang Shijun; its final stanza said: "Zi bears the worry of cherishing a jade; I have the sickness of standing in the gate. When Daoyu could not escape disaster, Shijun also met worldly calamity; people at the time all found it strange.
28
道璵從孫孝王，學涉，亦好緝綴文藻。 形貌矬陋而好臧否人物，時論甚疾之。 為北平王文學。 求入文林館不遂，因非毀朝士，撰《朝士別錄》二十卷。 會周武滅齊，改為《關東風俗傳》，更廣聞見，勒成三十卷以上之。 言多妄謬，篇第冗雜，無著述體。 周大象末。 預尉迥事，誅死。
Daoyu's distant nephew Xiaowang was learned and also loved compiling literary ornament. His appearance was short and ugly and he loved to judge people; opinion greatly disliked him. He was Literary Scholar to Prince of Beiping. He sought entry into the Forest of Literature and failed; he therefore slandered court gentlemen and compiled twenty rolls of "Separate Records of Court Gentlemen." When Emperor Wu of Zhou destroyed Qi he changed the title to "Customs of the Eastern Pass" and broadened what he had heard and seen, compiling more than thirty rolls and presenting them. The words were mostly false and absurd, the sections redundant and messy, without the form of a composition. At the end of the Great Elephant reign in Zhou. He took part in Wei Jiong's affair and was executed.
29
許彥，字道謨，高陽新城人也。 祖茂，仕慕容氏高陽太守。 彥少孤貧，好讀書，從沙門法睿受《易》。 太武征令卜筮，頻驗，遂在左右，參與謀議。 彥質厚慎密，與人言，不及內事，帝以此益親待之。 賜爵武昌公，拜相州刺史。 在州受納，多違法度，詔書切讓之，然以彥腹心近臣，弗之罪也。 卒，諡宣公。 子熙襲。 熙卒，子安仁襲。 安仁卒，子元康襲，降爵為侯。
Xu Yan, whose style was Daomo, came from Xincheng in Gaoyang. His grandfather Mao served the Murong as Governor of Gaoyang. Yan from youth was orphaned and poor, loved reading, and studied the "Changes" under the monk Fawei. When Emperor Taiwu campaigned he was ordered to perform divination; he was repeatedly verified and thus remained at the emperor's side, taking part in deliberation. Yan was plain, thick, and cautious; in speaking with others he did not touch inner affairs; the emperor for this treated him all the more intimately. He was given the title Duke of Wuchang and made Governor of Xiangzhou. In the province he accepted bribes and often violated the law; edicts sternly reproved him, yet because Yan was a close minister at the emperor's heart he was not punished. He died; his posthumous title was Duke Xuan. His son Xi inherited. When Xi died, his son Anren inherited. When Anren died, his son Yuankang inherited; the title was reduced to marquis.
30
熙弟宗之，歷位殿中尚書、定州刺史，封潁川公。 受敕討丁零。 既平，宗之因循郡縣，求取不節。 深澤人馬超譭謗宗之，宗之怒，毆殺超。 超家人告狀，宗之上超謗訕朝政。 文成聞之曰：「此必宗之懼罪誣超。」 案驗果然，遂斬於都市。
Xi's younger brother Zongzhi served as Palace Attendant Within the Hall and Governor of Dingzhou and was made Duke of Yingchuan. Ordered to campaign against the Dingling. After victory Zongzhi toured the counties demanding bribes without limit. Ma Chao of Shenze maligned him; Zongzhi beat him to death in a rage. Chao's kin sued; Zongzhi accused Chao of maligning the throne. Emperor Wencheng said: "Zongzhi must fear punishment and is framing Chao. The inquiry proved it; he was beheaded in the market.
31
元康弟護，州主簿。 子恂，字伯禮，頗有業尚，閨門雍睦，三世同居，吏部尚書李神俊常稱其家風。 位司徒諮議參軍。 修起居注，拜太中大夫。 卒，贈吏部尚書、冀州刺史。 恂弟惇。
Yuankang's younger brother Hu was a provincial chief clerk. His son Xun, styled Bolü, was studious; three generations lived under one roof; Li Shenjun of the Ministry of Civil Service often praised their household. He was Consulting Aide to the Minister of Education. He edited the Veritable Records and was made Grand Master of Palace Counsel. He died and was posthumously Minister of the Civil Service and Governor of Jizhou. Xun's younger brother Dun.
32
惇字季良。 清識敏速，達于從政。 位司徒主簿，以明斷見知，時人號為「入鐵主簿」。 稍遷陽平太守。 時遷都于鄴，陽平為畿郡，軍國責辦，賦斂無准。 又勳貴屬請，朝夕徵求。 惇並禦之以道，咸以無怨，政為天下第一。 特加賞異，圖形于闕，詔頒天下。 曆魏尹、齊梁二州刺史，政並有治聲。 遷大司農。 會王思政入據潁城，王師出討，惇常督軍，無乏絕。 引洧水灌城，惇之策也。 遷殿中尚書。 惇美須，下垂至帶，省中號「長鬣公」。 齊文宣嘗因酒酣，提惇須稱美； 以刀截之，唯留一握。 惇懼，因不復敢長，人又號「齊須公」。 曆御史中丞、膠州刺史、司農大理二卿。 再為度支尚書、太子少保、少師、光祿大夫、開府儀同三司、尚書右僕射、特進，賜爵萬年縣子，食邑下邳郡幹。 惇年老，致仕於家。 三年，卒。
Dun was styled Jiliang. Clear-eyed and quick, he excelled at governing. As Chief Clerk to the Minister of Education he was famed for decisive judgment; people called him "the iron-entering chief clerk." He rose to Governor of Yangping. The court moved to Ye; Yangping was in the capital region; military levies were heavy and taxes had no fixed rule. Meritorious nobles' kin also pressed demands day and night. Dun held them all to principle; none resented him, and his rule was ranked first in the realm. He won special honors; his portrait was hung at the palace gate and an edict sent it through the empire. He was Intendant of Wei and Governor of Qi and Liang in turn; each post won him a name for good government. He became Grand Minister of Agriculture. When Wang Sizheng held Yingcheng and the royal army marched out, Dun kept the armies supplied without fail. Flooding the city by diverting the Wei was Dun's plan. He became Palace Attendant Within the Hall. Dun wore fine whiskers to his belt; colleagues called him "the Long-Whiskered Duke." Once Wenxuan of Qi, drunk, seized Dun's beard and praised it; then cut it with a knife, leaving only a fistful. Afraid, Dun never let it grow long again; people then called him "the Trim-Whiskered Duke." He was Censor-in-Chief, Governor of Jiaozhou, and head of Agriculture and Justice in turn. He again headed Revenue, served as Junior Guardian and Tutor, Grand Master for Splendid Happiness, General-in-Chief with privilege equal to the Three Dukes, Right Vice Minister of the Masters of Writing, and Special Advancement; he was made Viscount of Wannian with dry-field fief income from Xiapi. Dun retired in old age. In year three he died.
33
惇少純直，晚更浮動。 齊朝體式，本州大中正以京官為之。 乾明中，邢邵為中書監，德望甚高。 惇與邵競中正。 遂憑附宋欽道，出邵為刺史，朝議甚鄙薄之。 雖久處朝行，曆官清顯，與邢邵、魏收、陽休之、崔勵、徐之才比肩同列，諸人或談說經史，或吟詠詩賦，更相嘲戲，欣笑滿堂，惇不好劇談，又無學術，或坐杜口，或隱幾而睡，不為勝流所重。 子文紀，武平末，度支郎中。
Young Dun was upright; in later years he grew opportunistic. In Qi the provincial chief rectifier was customarily a capital official. In Qianming Xing Shao was Director of the Secretariat, famed for virtue. Dun competed with Shao for chief rectifier. He leaned on Song Qindao and got Shao sent out as governor; the court despised him. Though he long held eminent posts beside Xing Shao, Wei Shou, Yang Xiuzhi, Cui Li, and Xu Zhicai — some debating classics, some reciting verse — Dun disliked banter and lacked learning; he sat silent or slept behind a screen and leading men did not respect him. His son Wenji was a Revenue Director at the end of Wuping.
34
文紀弟文經，勤學方雅，身無擇行，口無戲言。 武平末，殿中侍御史。 隋開皇初，侍御史、兼通直散騎常侍、聘陳使副、主爵侍郎。 卒于相州長史。
Younger brother Wenjing studied hard and lived correctly; he chose no bad conduct and spoke no idle words. At the end of Wuping he was Attendant Censor Within the Hall. At the start of Kaihuang he was Attendant Censor, concurrent Regular Attendant of the Scattered Riders, deputy envoy to Chen, and Vice Minister of Enfeoffment. He died as Administrator of Xiangzhou.
35
惇兄遜，字仲讓，有幹局。 乾明中，平原太守。 卒，贈信州刺史。 遜子文高，司徒掾。
Dun's elder brother Xun, styled Zhongrang, had real administrative talent. In Qianming he was Governor of Pingyuan. He died and was posthumously Governor of Xinzhou. Xun's son Wengao was a clerk in the Ministry of Education.
36
刁雍，字淑和，勃海饒安人也。 曾祖協，從晉元帝度江，居京口，位尚書令。 父暢，晉右衛將軍。 初，晉相劉裕微時，負社錢一萬，違時不還。 暢兄逵執而征焉。 及誅桓玄，以嫌，先誅刁氏。 雍與暢故吏遂奔姚興，為太子中庶子。
Diao Yong, styled Shuhe, came from Raoyan in Bohai. Great-grandfather Xie followed Emperor Yuandi of Jin across the Yangtze, lived at Jingkou, and was Director of the Masters of Writing. His father Chang was Right Guard General under Jin. Earlier, when Chancellor Liu Yu of Jin was still obscure, he owed ten thousand in community funds and paid late. Chang's brother Kui seized him and demanded payment. When Huan Xuan was killed, the Diaos were executed first out of old grudge. Yong and Chang's old clerks fled to Yao Xing and became Junior Tutors to the Heir Apparent.
37
及姚泓滅，與司馬休之等歸魏，請于南境自效。 明元假雍建威將軍。 雍遂於河、濟間招集流散，傳檄邊境。 雍弟彌，時亦率眾入京口，親共討裕。 裕頻遣兵破之。 明元南幸鄴，雍朝於行宮。 明元問曰：「縛劉裕者，於卿親疏？」 雍曰：「伯父。」 帝笑曰：「劉裕父子當應憚卿。」 於是假雍鎮東將軍、青州刺史、東光侯，使別立義軍。 又詔雍令隨機立效。 雍於是招集譙、梁、彭、沛人五千餘家，置二十七營，遷鎮濟陰。 遷徐州刺史，賜爵東安伯。 後除薄骨律鎮將。 雍以西土乏雨，表求鑿渠，溉公私田。 又奉詔以高平、安定、統萬及薄骨律等四鎮，出車牛五千乘運屯谷五十萬斛付沃野，以供軍糧。 道多深沙，車牛艱阻，求于牽屯山河水之次造船水運。 又以所綰邊表，常懼不虞，造城儲穀，置兵備守。 詔皆從之。 詔即名此城為刁公城，以旌功焉。 皇興中，雍與隴西王源賀及中書監高允等並以耆年特見優禮，錫雍几杖，劍履上殿，月致珍羞焉。
When Yao Hong fell, he returned to Wei with Sima Xiuzhi and others and offered service on the southern border. Emperor Mingyuan made him Acting General Who Establishes Might. Yong gathered refugees between the Yellow and Ji and sent proclamations along the frontier. His brother Mi also led men into Jingkou to attack Yu with him. Yu sent troops repeatedly and broke them. Mingyuan toured south to Ye; Yong attended at the traveling palace. Mingyuan asked: "The man who could bind Liu Yu — is he close kin to you? Yong said: "My uncle." The emperor laughed: "Liu Yu and his son should fear you." Yong was made Acting General Who Pacifies the East, Governor of Qingzhou, and Marquis of Dongguang, to raise a loyal force apart. An edict told Yong to seize chances for merit. He gathered five thousand-odd households from Qiao, Liang, Peng, and Pei, set twenty-seven camps, and moved to Jiyin. He became Governor of Xuzhou and Earl of Dong'an. Later he was Garrison General of Bogulü. Rain failed in the west; Yong asked to dig canals for public and private fields. By edict he sent five thousand cart teams from four garrisons to move five hundred thousand bushels of grain to Woye for the armies. Deep sand blocked the road; he asked to build boats at Qiantun Mountain for river transport. Fearing raids on his border, he built a city, stored grain, and posted guards. The throne approved all. The city was named Duke Diao's City to honor his service. In Huangxing Yong with Wang Yuanhe of Longxi and Gao Yun, Director of the Secretariat, among other elders received special honor: stool and staff, sword and shoes in court, monthly delicacies.
38
雍性寬柔，好尚文典，手不釋書。 明敏多智，凡所為詩、賦、論、頌並諸雜文百有餘篇。 又泛施愛士，恬靜寡欲。 篤信佛道，著《殺誡》二十餘篇以訓子孫。 太和八年，卒，年九十五，諡曰簡。 子遵。
Yong was gentle and loved literature; he never set books aside. Quick-witted, he wrote more than a hundred poems, rhapsodies, essays, eulogies, and miscellany. He was generous to scholars, tranquil, and little grasping. Devout in Buddhism, he wrote twenty-odd chapters of Admonitions on Killing for his heirs. In Taihe year eight he died at ninety-five; posthumous name Simple. His son Zun.
39
遵字奉國，襲爵。 遵少不拘小節，長更修改。 太和中，例降為侯。 嘗經篤疾，幾死，見有神明救之，言福門子當享長年。 後卒于洛州刺史，諡曰惠侯。
Zun, styled Fengguo, inherited the title. Young Zun scorned small rules; grown, he reformed. In Taihe his rank was lowered by rule to marquis. Gravely ill, he nearly died; a spirit saved him, saying Fujun's son would live long. He died Governor of Luozhou; posthumous title Marquis Hui.
40
子楷，早卒。 楷子沖。
His son Kai died young. Kai's son Chong.
41
沖字文朗。 十三而孤，孝慕過人。 其祖母司空高允女，聰明婦人也。 哀其早孤，撫養尤篤。 沖免喪後，便志學他方，高氏泣涕留之，沖終不止。 雖家世貴達，及從師於外，自同諸生。 于時學制，諸生悉日直監廚。 沖雖有僕隸，不令代己，身自炊爨。 每師受之際，發志精專，不舍晝夜，殆忘寒暑。 學通諸經，偏修鄭說。 陰陽、圖緯、算數、天文、風氣之書莫不關綜，當世服其精博。 刺史郭祚聞其盛名，訪以疑義，沖應機解辯，無不祛其久惑。 後太守范陽盧尚之、刺史河東裴桓並征沖為功曹主簿。 非所好也，受署而已，不關事務，唯以講學為心。 四方學徒就其受業者，歲有數百。 沖雖儒生，而執心壯烈，不畏強禦。 延昌中，帝舅司徒高肇擅恣威權，沖乃抗表極言其事。 辭旨懇直，文義忠憤，太傅、清河王懌覽而歎息。
Chong was styled Wenlang. Orphaned at thirteen, his mourning devotion exceeded others'. His grandmother was Gao Yun's daughter — a clever woman. She pitied his early loss and reared him with special care. After mourning he left to study abroad; the Gaos wept and begged him to stay, but he would not. Though noble-born, abroad with his teachers he was like any student. Then every student took daily kitchen duty. Though he had servants Chong would not let them cook for him. Under a teacher he studied day and night, barely noting cold or heat. He mastered the classics and favored the Zheng school. Yin-yang, weft-charts, mathematics, astronomy, and wind lore — he mastered them all; contemporaries marveled at his range. Governor Guo Zuo sought him out on hard questions; Chong answered at once and cleared doubts held for years. Later Governors Lu Shangzhi of Fanyang and Pei Huan of Hedong both made him Registrar Chief Clerk. It was not his wish; he took title only, ignored office work, and gave his heart to lecturing. Hundreds of students came yearly from every quarter. A scholar by trade, Chong had a fierce heart and did not fear the mighty. In Yan Chang, the emperor's uncle Gao Zhao of the Ministry of Education abused power; Chong memorialized against him in the strongest terms. Earnest in tone, loyal and indignant in sense — Prince Hu of Qinghe, Grand Tutor, read it and sighed.
42
先是，沖曾祖雍作《行孝論》以誡子孫，稱古之葬者，衣之以薪，不封不樹。 後世聖人，易之以棺槨。 至秦以後，生則不能致養，死則厚葬過度。 及於末世，至蘧蒢裹屍，倮而葬者。 確而為論，並非折衷。 既知二者之失，豈宜同之？ 當令所存者，棺厚不過三寸，高不過三尺。 弗用繒采，斂以時服。 轜車止用白布為幔，不加畫飾，名為清素車。 又去輓歌、方相並明器雜物。 及沖祖遵將卒，敕其子孫，令奉雍遺旨。 河南尹丞張普惠謂為太儉，貽書于沖叔整。 令與通學議之。 沖乃致書國學諸儒，以論其事，學官竟不能答。
Earlier great-grandfather Yong wrote a Treatise on Filial Conduct for his heirs, saying the ancients wrapped the dead in brushwood without mound or tree. Later sages replaced that with coffin and outer chamber. After Qin, the living failed to support parents, yet the dead were buried with wasteful pomp. At the age's end some wrapped corpses in rush mats and buried them bare. Hard theorists on either side missed the mean. Knowing both were wrong, how follow either? What should remain: planks no thicker than three inches, height no more than three feet. No brocade — only dress in season. The funeral cart used only white cloth, unpainted — the Plain-Simple Carriage. Dirges, exorcist masks, and grave goods were also forbidden. When grandfather Zun was dying, he ordered heirs to obey Yong's will. Zhang Puhui, assistant to the Intendant of Henan, called it too austere and wrote Chong's uncle Zheng. He asked fellow scholars to debate it. Chong wrote the National University's scholars; none could refute him.
43
神抅末，沖以嫡傳祖爵東安侯。 京兆王繼為司空也，並以高選頻辟記室參軍。 明帝將親釋奠，於是國子助教韓神固與諸儒詣國子祭酒崔光、吏部尚書甄琛，舉其才學，奏而征焉。 及卒，國子博士高涼及范陽盧道侃、盧景裕等復上狀陳沖業行，議奏諡曰安憲先生，祭乙太牢。 子欽，字志儒，早亡。
At the end of Shengui Chong inherited the Marquisate of Dong'an as legitimate heir. When Prince Ji of Jingzhao was Minister of Works he repeatedly chose Chong as Recorder. When Emperor Ming would sacrifice in person, Han Shengu and the scholars praised Chong to Cui Guang and Zhen Chen; he was summoned by memorial. At his death Gao Liang, Lu Daokan, and Lu Jingyu petitioned his merit; he received the posthumous title Master Anxian and a second-grade ox sacrifice. His son Qin, styled Zhiru, died young.
44
楷弟整，字景智。 少有大度，頗涉書史。 太和十五年，為奉朝請。 孝文都洛，親自臨選，除司空法曹參軍。 累遷黃門郎。 普泰初，假征東大將軍、滄冀瀛三州刺史、大都督。 尋加車騎將軍、右光祿大夫。 遂逢本鄉賊亂，奉母客于齊州。 既而母卒。 母即高允之女。 崔光、崔亮皆經允接待，是以涼燠之際，光等每致拜焉。 天平四年，卒於鄴，贈司空公，諡曰文獻。 整解音律，輕財好施，交結名勝，聲酒自娛。 然貪而好色，為議者所貶。 子柔。
Kai's younger brother Zheng, styled Jingzhi. Young Zheng had large views and read widely in history. In Taihe year fifteen he was a court gentleman in attendance. When Xiaowen moved to Luoyang and chose officials himself, Zheng became Law Bureau Attendant under the Ministry of Works. He rose to Gentleman at the Yellow Gate. At Putai's start he was Acting General Who Conquers the East, Governor of Cang, Ji, and Ying, and Great Governor. Soon he added General of Cavalry and Grand Master with the Splendor of the Right. Bandit chaos in his homeland drove him to shelter his mother in Qizhou. Soon his mother died. His mother was Gao Yun's daughter. Cui Guang and Cui Liang had been fostered by Yun; at ritual moments they still bowed to the widow. In Tianping year four he died at Ye; posthumously Minister of Works, posthumous name Literary Offering. Zheng knew music, spent freely, courted famous men, and lived by wine and song. Yet he was greedy and lustful — critics despised him. His son Rou.
45
柔字子溫。 少好學，留心儀禮，性強記，至於氏族內外，皆所諳悉。 居母喪以孝聞。 初為魏宣武挽郎，解巾司空行參軍。 齊天保初，累遷國子博士。 中書令魏收撰魏史，啟柔等同其事。 柔性專固，自是所聞，收常嫌憚。 又參議律令。 時議者以為五等爵邑承襲，無嫡子，立嫡孫； 無嫡孫，立嫡子弟； 園嫡子弟，立嫡孫弟。 柔以為無嫡孫，應立嫡曾孫，不應立嫡子弟。 議曰：
Rou was styled Ziwen. He studied young, minded ritual, and remembered every kin near and far. His mourning for his mother won fame for filial piety. He began as a dirge-officer for Emperor Xuanwu of Wei, then became an Attendant in the Ministry of Works. At Qi Tianbao's start he rose to Doctor of the National University. Wei Shou, Director of the Secretariat, drafting the History of Wei, enlisted Rou and others. Rou was stubborn; on matters he knew firsthand Shou often held back in fear. He also helped draft statutes and ordinances. Critics held that for five-rank fiefs: without a legitimate son, name a legitimate grandson; without a legitimate grandson, name the legitimate younger brother's son; without that, name the legitimate grandson's younger brother. Rou argued that without a legitimate grandson one should name a legitimate great-grandson, not the younger brother's son. The discussion runs:
46
案《禮》，立嫡以長，故謂長子為嫡子。 嫡子死，以嫡子之子為嫡孫，死則曾、玄亦然。 然則嫡子之名本為傳重。 故《喪服》曰：「庶子不為長子三年，不繼祖與禰也。」 《禮》：「公儀仲子之喪，檀弓曰：'我未之前聞也。 仲子舍其孫而立其子，何也？ '子服伯子曰：'仲子亦猶行古之道也。 昔者文王舍伯邑考而立武王發，微子舍其孫腯而立其弟衍。 '」鄭注曰：「仲子為親者諱耳，立子非也。 文王之立武王，權也。 微子嫡子死，立弟衍，殷禮也。」 「子游問諸孔子，孔子曰：'不，立孫。 '」注商以嫡子死，立嫡子之母弟； 周以嫡子死，立嫡子之子為嫡孫。 故《春秋公羊》之義，嫡子有孫而死，質家親親先立弟，文家尊尊先立孫。 《喪服》云：「為父後者，為出母無服。」 《小記》云：「祖父卒而後為祖母後者，三年。」 為母無服者，不祭故也。 為祖母三年者，大宗傳重故也。 今議以嫡孫死而立嫡子母弟。 嫡子母弟者，則為父後矣。 嫡子母弟本非承嫡，以無嫡，故得為父後，則嫡孫之弟，理亦應得為父後，則是父卒然後為祖後者服斬。 既得為祖服斬，而不得為傳重，未之聞也。 若用商家親親之義，本不應舍嫡子而立嫡孫。 若從周家尊尊之文，豈宜舍其孫而立其弟？ 或文或質，愚用或焉。 《小記》云：「嫡婦為舅姑後者，則舅姑為之小功。」 注云：「謂夫有廢疾、他故，若死無子，不受重者。 小功，庶婦之服。 凡父母于子，舅姑于婦，將不傳重於嫡，及將所傳重者非嫡，服之皆如眾子庶婦也。」 言死無子者，謂絕世。 無子，非謂無嫡子。 如其子，焉得雲無後？ 夫雖廢疾無子，婦猶以嫡為名。 嫡名既在，而欲廢其子者如禮何？ 禮何有損益，革代相沿。 必謂宗嫡可得而變者，則為後服斬亦宜有因而改。
The Rites say the heir is the eldest; hence the eldest son is the legitimate son. When the legitimate son dies, his son is legitimate grandson; the same through great-great-grandsons. So the name "legitimate son" exists to carry the ancestral burden. Mourning Garments says: "A secondary son does not mourn the eldest three years — he does not continue grandfather and father. The Rites record: at Zhongzi of Gongyi's mourning Tan Gong said, "I have never heard of this. Zhongzi set aside his grandson for his son — why? Zifu Bo said, "Zhongzi followed ancient precedent. King Wen set aside Bo Yikao for King Wu Fa; Weizi set aside grandson Tun for younger brother Yan. Zheng comments: Zhongzi was sparing kin's shame — naming the son was wrong. Wen naming Wu was expedient. Weizi's legitimate son died; naming Yan followed Yin rite. Ziyou asked Confucius; Confucius said, "No — establish the grandson. Commentators: Yin, when the legitimate son dies, names the mother's younger brother;" Zhou names the legitimate son's son as legitimate grandson. Gongyang's Spring and Autumn: if the legitimate son leaves a grandson who dies, the plain school favors kin and names the younger brother first; the cultured school favors rank and names the grandson first. Mourning Garments: "He who continues the father wears no mourning for a divorced mother. Lesser Record: "He who after grandfather's death becomes grandmother's heir — three years." No mourning for mother — he does not sacrifice to her. Three years for grandmother — the great line still carries the burden. The present view: when the legitimate grandson dies, name the legitimate son's mother's younger brother. That younger brother would then continue the father. That brother is not born to the legitimate line; only for lack of heir may he continue the father — then the legitimate grandson's younger brother should equally continue the father, which means finest mourning as grandfather's heir after the father dies. To wear grandfather's finest mourning yet not carry the burden — unheard of. By Yin's kin-first rule one should not pass the legitimate son for the grandson. By Zhou's honor-first rule how abandon the grandson for the younger brother? Cultured or plain — a fool picks whichever helps his case. Lesser Record: "When the legitimate wife becomes heir to her in-laws, they wear lesser mourning for her. The note: if the husband is crippled or otherwise cannot receive the burden, or dies without a son. Lesser service is a concubine's mourning. Whenever parents or in-laws will not pass the burden to a legitimate heir, or the receiver is not legitimate, mourning matches that for ordinary sons and concubines." Dies without son" means the line ends. It does not mean without a legitimate son. If there is a son, how call it without posterity? Though the husband be crippled and sonless, the wife is still called legitimate. With the name legitimate still in place, displacing her son — how by ritual? Rites may wax and wane, yet dynasties follow one another — can the lineage heir change at will? If the heir may be swapped, finest mourning as heir should swap with him.
47
七年，卒。 柔在史館未久，勒成之際，志在偏黨。 《魏書》中與其內外通親者，並虛美過實，為時論所譏。
In year seven he died. Rou had not long been in the History Office; at compilation he favored his kin. Kin inside and outside in the History of Wei were flattered beyond truth — contemporaries mocked it.
48
整弟宣，字季達。 以功封高城縣侯，歷位都官尚書、衛大將軍、滄州刺史。 卒，贈太尉公，諡曰武。
Zheng's younger brother Xuan, styled Jida. By merit he was Marquis of Gaocheng; he headed the Imperial Clan Court, served as Guardian General, and governed Cangzhou. He died; posthumously Grand Preceptor, posthumous name Martial.
49
刁氏世有榮貴，而門風不甚修潔，為時所鄙。
The Diaos were long eminent, yet their household manners were coarse — the age despised them.
50
雍族孫雙，字子山。 高祖藪，晉齊郡太守。 藪因晉亂，居青州之安樂。 至雙始歸本鄉。 雙少好學，兼涉文史，雅為中山王英所知賞。 位西河太守。 為政清簡，吏人安悅。 及中山王熙起兵誅元叉，事敗，熙弟略投命於雙。 雙藏護周年。 時購略甚切，略懼，求送出境。 雙曰：「會有一死，所難過耳。 今遭知己，視死如歸，願不以為慮。」 略復苦求南轉，雙乃遣從子昌送達江左。 靈太后反政，知略因雙獲濟，徵拜光祿大夫。 時略姊饒安主，刁宣妻也，頻訴靈太后，乞征略還。 朝廷乃以徐州所獲俘江革、祖暼恆二人易之。 以雙與略有舊，乃令至境迎接。 明帝末，除西兗州刺史。 時賊盜蜂起，州人張桃弓等招聚亡命，公行劫掠。 雙至境，先遣使諭桃弓，陳示禍福，桃弓即隨使歸罪，雙舍而不問。 後有盜發之處，令桃弓追捕，咸悉禽獲，於是州境清肅。 孝莊初，行濟州刺史，以功封曲城鄉男。 孝武初，遷驍騎大將軍、左光祿大夫。 興和三年，卒，贈車騎大將軍、儀同三司、齊州刺史，諡曰清穆。
Yong's clansman Shuang, styled Zishan. Great-great-grandfather Sou was Jin's Governor of Qi commandery. When Jin fell into chaos Sou settled at Anle in Qingzhou. Shuang was the first to return home. Young Shuang loved books and history; Prince Ying of Zhongshan prized him. He became Governor of Xihe. He ruled plainly; officials and people were content. When Prince Xi of Zhongshan rose against Yuan Cha and failed, his brother Lüe sought refuge with Shuang. Shuang hid him for a full year. Bounty hunters pressed hard; Lüe begged to be sent abroad. Shuang said, "Death comes once — that is the hard part. Now I meet a true friend and welcome death as homecoming — do not fret for me. Lüe still begged to go south; Shuang sent nephew Chang to deliver him to the south. When Empress Dowager Ling regained power she learned Lüe owed his escape to Shuang and made Lüe Grand Master for Splendid Happiness. Lüe's sister, Princess Rao'an, wife of Diao Xuan, repeatedly begged the empress dowager to recall him. The court traded him for two captives from Xuzhou — Jiang Ge and Zu Yunheng. As Shuang and Lüe were old friends, Shuang was sent to the frontier to welcome him. Late in Emperor Ming's reign he became Governor of Western Yanzhou. Bandits swarmed; Zhang Taogong and others rallied outlaws and robbed openly. At the border Shuang sent envoys to Taogong with warning of consequences; Taogong surrendered at once and Shuang pardoned him. Later he set Taogong to hunt every robbery; all were caught and the province grew quiet. At Xiaozhuang's start he acted as Governor of Jizhou and was made Baron of Qucheng. At Xiaowu's start he became General of Valiant Cavalry and Grand Master with the Splendor of the Left. In Xinghe year three he died; posthumously General of Cavalry, Equal in Honor to the Three Dukes, Governor of Qizhou, posthumous name Clear and Solemn.
51
辛紹先，隴西狄道人也。 五世祖怡，晉幽州刺史。 父深，仕西涼為驍騎將軍。 及涼後主歆與沮渠蒙遜戰於蓼泉，軍敗，失馬，深以所乘授歆，而身死於難。 以義烈見稱西土。 涼州平，紹先內徙，家于晉陽。 明敏有識量，與廣平遊明根、范陽盧度世、同郡李承昭等甚相友。 有至性，丁父憂，三年口不甘味，頭不櫛沐，發遂落盡，故常著垂裙皁帽。 自中書博士轉神部令。
Xin Shaoxian came from Didao in Longxi. Fifth-generation ancestor Yi was Jin's Governor of Youzhou. His father Shen was General of Valiant Cavalry under Western Liang. When the last Liang ruler Xin fought Mengxun at Liaooquan and lost his horse, Shen gave him his mount and died in the rout. His sacrifice won fame in the west. When Liangzhou fell Shaoxian moved inland to Jinyang. Bright and discerning, he befriended You Minggen of Guangping, Lu Dushi of Fanyang, and Li Chengshao of his commandery. Utterly filial, he mourned his father three years without tasting food or combing hair until it fell out; he wore a long black mourning cap thereafter. He rose from Doctor of the Palace Secretariat to Director of the Spirit Department.
52
皇興中，薛安都以彭城歸魏。 時朝廷欲綏安初附，以紹先為下邳太守。 為政不甚皦察，舉其不綱而已，唯教人為產禦賊之備。 及宋將陳顯達、蕭道成、蕭順之來寇，道成謂順之曰：「辛紹先未易侵也，宜共慎之。」 於是不曆郡境，徑屯呂梁。 卒於郡，贈并州刺史、晉陽侯，諡曰惠。
In Huangxing Xue Anyi surrendered Pengcheng to Wei. The court wished to soothe new subjects and made Shaoxian Governor of Xiapi. He ruled lightly, correcting only gross abuses and teaching people to prosper and guard against raiders. When Song's Chen Xianda, Xiao Daocheng, and Xiao Shunzhi raided, Daocheng told Shunzhi, "Xin Shaoxian is not easy prey — be careful together. They did not enter the commandery but camped at Lüliang. He died in office; posthumously Governor of Bingzhou and Marquis of Jinyang, posthumous name Kind.
53
子鳳達，耽道樂古，有長者之名。 卒于京兆王子推國常侍。
His son Fengda loved the Way and antiquity and was called a man of stature. He died Regular Attendant to Prince Zitui of Jingzhao.
54
鳳達子祥，字萬福。 舉司州秀才，再遷司空主簿。 咸陽王禧妃，即祥妻之妹也。 及禧構逆，親知多罹塵謗，詳獨蕭然不預。 轉并州平北府司馬。 有白壁還兵藥道顯，被誣為賊，官屬咸疑之。 詳曰：「道顯面有悲色。 察獄以色，其此之謂乎！」 苦執申之。 月餘，別獲真賊。 後除郢州龍驤府長史，帶義陽太守。 白早生之反也，梁遣來援，因此緣淮鎮戍，相繼降沒。 唯祥堅城固守。 梁又遣將胡武城、陶平虜，于州南金山之上，連營侵逼。 祥出其不意，襲之。 賊大崩，禽平虜，斬武城，以送京師。 州境獲全。 論功方有賞授，而刺史婁悅恥勳出其下，間之執政，事竟不行。 胡賊劉龍駒作逆華州，除祥安定王燮征虜府長史，仍為別將，與討胡使薛和滅之。 卒，贈南青州刺史。
Fengda's son Xiang, styled Wanfu. A Xiuzhou graduate, he twice rose to Chief Clerk of the Ministry of Works. Prince Xi of Xianyang's consort was sister to Xiang's wife. When Xi rebelled, kin and friends were ruined; Xiang alone kept clear. He became Military Secretary of Bingzhou's Pingbei Headquarters. A Baibi soldier, Yao Daoxian, was accused of banditry; officials doubted him. Xiang said, "Daoxian's face shows grief. To read guilt in the face — is this not that very thing? He pressed hard for him. A month later the real bandits were caught elsewhere. Later he was Longma Headquarters Secretary in Yingzhou, concurrently Governor of Yiyang. When Bai Zaosheng rebelled Liang sent help; Huai garrisons fell one after another. Only Xiang held firm. Liang sent Hu Wucheng and Tao Pinglu to camp on Golden Mountain south of the province and press the siege. Xiang struck unexpectedly. The enemy broke; he seized Pinglu, beheaded Wucheng, and sent heads to court. The province was saved entire. Rewards were due when Governor Lou Yue, ashamed the glory outshone him, slandered him at court — nothing came of it. When Liu Longju rebelled in Huazhou, Xiang served Prince Xie of Anding as Military Secretary and Separate Commander and with Xue He destroyed the rebels. He died; posthumously Governor of Southern Qingzhou.
55
祥弟少雍，字季和，少聰穎，有孝行，尤為祖父紹先所愛。 紹先性嗜羊肝，常呼少雍共食。 及紹先卒，少雍終身不食肝。 性仁厚，有禮義，門內之法，為時所重。 稍遷司空、高陽王雍田曹參軍。 少雍清正，不憚強禦，積年久訟，造次決之。 請托路絕，時稱賢明。 正始中，詔百官各舉所知，高陽王雍及吏部郎中李憲俱以少雍為舉首。 卒於給事中。
Younger brother Shaoyong, styled Jihe, was bright and filial and especially loved by grandfather Shaoxian. Shaoxian loved sheep liver and often shared it with Shaoyong. After Shaoxian died Shaoyong never touched liver again. Humane and courteous, his household rules were famed. He rose to Field Bureau Attendant under the Ministry of Works and Prince Yong of Gaoyang. Upright and fearless, he ended lawsuits years old in a single sitting. Favor-seekers found no door; men called him wise. In Zhengshi each office was to recommend talent; Prince Yong and Li Xian of Personnel both named Shaoyong first. He died Supervisor in the Palace.
56
少雍妻王氏，有德義。 少雍與從弟懷仁兄弟同居。 懷仁等事之甚謹，閨門禮讓，人無間焉。 士大夫以此稱美。 子元桓，武定中，儀同府司馬。 元桓弟遜士，太師開府功曹參軍。
His wife of the Wang clan had virtue. Shaoyong lived with cousin Huairen's household. Huairen's family served him scrupulously; no one faulted their courtesy. Scholars praised them for it. His son Yuanhuan was Military Secretary of an Equal-in-Honor Headquarters in Wuding. Younger brother Xunshi was clerk in the Grand Preceptor's office.
57
鳳達弟穆，字叔宗，舉茂才，東雍州別駕。 初隨父在下邳，與彭城陳敬文友善。 敬文弟敬武，少為沙門，從師遠學，經久不返。 敬文病臨卒，以雜綾二十匹托穆與敬武。 穆久不得見，經二十年，始於洛陽見敬武，以物還之，封題如故。 世稱廉信。 曆東荊州司馬，轉長史，帶義陽太守，領戍。 雅有恤人之志。 再轉汝陽太守。 遇水澇人饑，上表請輕租賦。 帝從之，遂敕汝陽一郡，聽以小絹為調。 除平原相。 徵為征虜將軍、太中大夫，未發，卒於郡。 贈後將軍、幽州刺史。
Fengda's younger brother Mu, styled Shuzong, was a Maocai graduate and Aide of Eastern Yongzhou. He first followed his father to Xiapi and befriended Chen Jingwen of Pengcheng. Brother Jingwu became a monk and studied abroad for years without return. Dying, Jingwen entrusted twenty bolts of silk to Mu for Jingwu. Twenty years later Mu met Jingwu in Luoyang and returned the bundle sealed as before. Men praised his honesty. He was Military Secretary then Chief Clerk of Eastern Jingzhou, concurrently Governor of Yiyang, commanding the garrison. He was known for compassion. He became Governor of Ruyang. Floods brought famine; he asked to lighten taxes. The emperor agreed and let all Ruyang pay tribute in light silk. He was made Administrator of Pingyuan. Summoned as General Who Pacifies the Barbarians and Grand Master of Palace Counsel, he died in office before departing. Posthumously Rear General and Governor of Youzhou.
58
子子馥，字元穎，早有學行，累遷平原相。 父子並為此郡，吏人懷安之。 元顥入洛，子馥不從。 莊帝反政，封三門縣男。 天平中，除太尉府司馬。 白山連接三齊，瑕丘數州之界，多有賊盜。 子馥受使檢覆，因辨山谷要害宜立鎮戍之所。 又諸州豪右。 在山鼓鑄，奸黨多依之，又得密造兵仗。 上表請破罷諸冶。 朝廷善而從之。 後卒于清河太守。 子馥以《三傳》經同說異，遂總為一部，傳注並出，校比短長。 會亡，未就。
His son Zifu, styled Yuanying, was learned early and rose to Administrator of Pingyuan. Father and son both governed Pingyuan; the people loved them. When Yuan Hao took Luoyang Zifu would not follow. When Emperor Zhuang returned to power he was made Baron of Sanmen. In Tianping he was Military Secretary of the Grand Preceptor's Office. White Mountain linked the three Qi; around Xiaqiu bandits were many. Ordered to inspect, he mapped passes where garrisons should stand. Provincial magnates as well smelted in the hills; outlaws clustered there and secretly forged weapons. He asked to shut every illicit foundry. The court approved. Later he died as Administrator of Qinghe. His son Zifu, finding the Three Commentaries one canon yet divergent in gloss, compiled them into a single work with text and commentary together, comparing length and merit. He died before the work was finished.
59
韋閬，字友觀，京兆杜陵人也。 世為三輔冠族。 祖楷，晉長樂清河二郡太守。 父逵，慕容垂大長秋卿。 閬少有器望，遇慕容氏政亂，避地薊城。 太武初，徵拜咸陽太守，轉武都太守。 卒郡。
Wei Lang, styled Youguan, came from Duling in Jingzhao. For generations his house ranked among the leading clans of the Three Metropolises. His grandfather Kai had been Administrator of Changle and Qinghe under Jin. His father Kui had been Grand Chamberlain for Ceremonials under Murong Chui. Lang in youth had talent and standing; when the Murong house fell into disorder he took refuge at Jicheng. At the beginning of Taiwu's reign he was summoned as Administrator of Xianyang, then transferred to Wudu. He died in office.
60
子范，試守華山郡，賜爵高平男。 卒。
His son Fan, acting Administrator of Huashan, was enfeoffed Baron of Gaoping. He died.
61
範子俊，字穎超，早有學。 少孤，事祖母以孝聞。 性溫和廉讓，為州裏所稱。 太和中，襲爵。 歷位都水使者。 宣武崩，領軍於忠矯擅威刑，俊與左僕射郭祚昏嫁，故亦同時遇害。 臨終，訴枉于尚書元欽，欽知而不敢申理。 俊歎曰：「吾一生為善，未蒙善報； 常不為惡，今為惡終，悠悠蒼天，抱直無訴！」 時人咸怨傷焉。 熙平元年，追贈洛州刺史，諡曰貞。 子子粲。
Fan's son Jun, styled Yingchao, was early accomplished in scholarship. Orphaned young, he served his grandmother and was famed for filial devotion. Gentle, mild, modest, and yielding, he was praised in his province. In the Taihe era he inherited the rank. He rose to Commissioner of the Waters. When Xuanwu died, Commander Yu Zhong twisted justice and wielded punishments at will; Jun, allied by marriage to Left Vice Director Guo Zuo, fell with him. Facing death he appealed his innocence to Yuan Qin of the Masters of Writing; Qin knew yet dared not act. Jun sighed, "All my life I did good, yet never tasted good's reward; I never did evil, yet evil is my end. O vast Heaven—where shall the upright cry out? All who heard it grieved. In Xiping year 1 he was posthumously Inspector of Luozhou, posthumous title Upright. He left a son Zican.
62
子粲字暉茂。 齊王蕭寶夤為雍州刺史，引為府主簿，轉錄事參軍。 及寶夤反，子粲與弟子爽執志不從，相率逃免。 雍州平，賜爵長安子。 普泰中，累遷中書侍郎。 孝武帝入關，子粲曆行台左丞、南汾州刺史。 少弟道諧為鎮城都督。 元象中，齊神武命將出討，子粲及道諧俱被獲，送于晉陽。 子粲累遷南兗州刺史。 齊天保初，封西僰縣男。 後卒于豫州刺史，諡曰忠。
Zican was styled Huimao. When Prince of Qi Xiao Baoyin became Inspector of Yong, Zican entered as chief headquarters clerk, then Recorder. When Baoyin rebelled, Zican and his nephew Shuang held firm, refused to follow, and fled together. When Yong was pacified he was enfeoffed Viscount of Chang'an. In Putai he rose to Vice Director of the Central Secretariat. When Xiaowu entered the passes, Zican served as Left Director of the Mobile Office and Inspector of South Fenzhou. His youngest brother Daoxie was Garrison Commander of Zhencheng. In Yuanxiang, Northern Qi Shenwu sent armies forth; Zican and Daoxie were captured and sent to Jinyang. Zican rose to Inspector of South Yanzhou. At the opening of Qi Tianbao he was enfeoffed Baron of Xibo. Later he died as Inspector of Yuzhou, posthumous title Loyal.
63
子粲兄弟十三人，並有孝行，居父喪，毀瘠過禮。 既葬，廬於墓側，負土成墳。 弟榮亮最知名。
Zican and twelve brothers all practiced filial piety; mourning their father, they wasted away beyond the rites. After burial they lodged beside the tomb and heaped earth into a mound. Younger brother Rongliang was the most renowned.
64
榮亮字子昱。 博學有文才，德行仁孝，為時所重。 曆諫議大夫、衛大將軍。 卒，贈河州刺史。 子綱，字世紀，有操行，才學見稱，領袖本州，謂為中正。 開皇中，位趙州長史。 有子文宗、文英，並知名。
Rongliang was styled Ziyu. Broadly learned and literary, humane and filial, he was esteemed in his time. He was Remonstrator and Grand General of the Guard. At death he was posthumously Inspector of Hezhou. His son Gang, styled Shiji, had moral fiber; talent and learning won praise, and he led his province—men called him the Impartial Judge. Under Kaihuang he was Chief Clerk of Zhao Prefecture. He had sons Wenzong and Wenying, both renowned.
65
閬從叔道福，父羆，為苻堅丞相王猛所器重，以女妻焉。 仕堅為東海太守。 堅滅，奔江左，仕宋為秦州刺史。 道福有志略，仕宋位盱眙、南沛二郡太守，領鎮北府錄事參軍。 與徐州刺史薛安都謀擁州內附，賜爵高密侯，因家彭城。 卒，贈兗州刺史，諡曰簡。
Lang's agnatic cousin Daofu: Daofu's father Pi was prized by Wang Meng, Fu Jian's chancellor, who gave him a daughter. Under Fu Jian he was Administrator of Donghai. When Fu Jian fell he fled south and served Song as Inspector of Qin. Daofu had will and strategy; in Song he was Administrator of Xuyi and South Pei and Recorder of the Pacify-the-North Headquarters. With Xuzhou Inspector Xue Andu he plotted to submit the province; he was enfeoffed Marquis of Gaomi and settled in Pengcheng. He died; posthumously Inspector of Yanzhou, posthumous title Simple.
66
子欣宗，以歸國勳，別賜爵杜縣侯。 歷位太中大夫、行幽州事。 卒，贈南兗州刺史，諡曰簡。
Son Xinzong, for merit in returning to the realm, was separately enfeoffed Marquis of Du. He was Grand Master of Palace Counsel and acting Inspector of You. He died; posthumously Inspector of South Yanzhou, posthumous title Simple.
67
閬從子崇，字洪基。 父肅，字道壽，隨劉義真度江，位豫州刺史。 崇年十歲，父卒，母鄭氏攜以入魏，因寓居河、洛。 少為舅兗州刺史鄭羲所器賞。 位司徒從事中郎。 孝文納其女為充華嬪，除南潁川太守。 不好發擿細事，恆云：「何用小察，以傷大道？」 吏人感之，郡中大安。 帝聞而嘉賞，賜帛二百匹。 遷洛，以崇為司州中正。 尋除咸陽王禧開府從事中郎，復為河南邑中正。 崇頻居衡品，以平直見稱。 出為鄉郡太守，更滿應代，吏人詣闕乞留，復延三年。 後卒。
Lang's cousin Chong was styled Hongji. His father Su, styled Daoshou, crossed the river with Liu Yizhen and was Inspector of Yu. Chong was ten when his father died; Lady Zheng brought him into Wei and they settled between the Yellow and Luo. In youth his maternal uncle, Yanzhou Inspector Zheng Yi, prized him. He was Attendant in the Secretariat of the Minister of Education. When Xiaowen took his daughter as Worthy Lady, Chong was made Administrator of South Yingchuan. He disliked petty prosecutions and often said, "Why wound the great Way with small scrutiny? Officials and people were moved; the commandery knew great peace. The emperor heard and commended him, granting two hundred bolts of silk. At the move to Luoyang, Chong was Impartial Judge of Sizhou. Soon he was Attendant in Prince of Xianyang Yuan Xi's secretariat, then again Impartial Judge of Henan. Chong repeatedly held rating offices and was praised for fairness. Sent out as Administrator of Xiang, at term's end officials and people begged the court to keep him; his term was extended three years. Later he died.
68
子猷之，釋褐奉朝請，轉給事中、步兵校尉，稍遷前、後將軍，太中大夫，卒。
Son Youzhi entered as Court Gentleman, rose through Gentleman of the Secretariat and Colonel of Footsoldiers to Rear and Front General and Grand Master of Palace Counsel, then died.
69
猷之弟休之，貞和自守，未嘗言行忤物。 歷位給事中、河南邑中正、安西將軍、光祿大夫。 卒。 子道建、道儒。
Younger brother Xiuzhi was upright and reserved, never giving offense in word or deed. He was Gentleman of the Secretariat, Impartial Judge of Henan, General Who Pacifies the West, and Grand Master for Splendid Happiness. He died. He had sons Daojian and Daoru.
70
閬族弟珍，字靈智，孝文賜名焉。 父子尚，字文叔。 位樂安王良安西府從事中郎。 卒，贈雍州刺史。
Cousin Zhen, styled Lingzhi—Xiaowen granted the name. Zhen's father Shang was styled Wenshu. He was Attendant in Prince of Le'an Yuan Liang's secretariat. He died; posthumously Inspector of Yong.
71
珍少有志操，歷位尚書南部郎。 孝文初，蠻首桓誕歸款，朝廷思安邊之略，以誕為東荊州刺史，令珍為使，與誕招慰蠻左。 珍至桐柏山，窮淮源，宣揚恩澤，莫不懷附。 淮源舊有祠堂，蠻俗恆用人祭之。 珍乃曉告曰：「天地明靈，即人之父母，豈有父母，甘子肉味？ 自今宜悉以酒脯代用。」 群蠻從約，自此而改。 凡所招降七萬餘戶，置郡縣而還。 以奉使稱旨，賜爵霸城子。 後以軍功，進爵為侯。 累遷顯武將軍、郢州刺史。 所在有聲績，朝廷嘉之，遷龍驤將軍，賜驊騮二匹，帛五十匹，穀三百斛。 珍乃召集州內孤貧者，謂曰：「天子謂我能撫綏卿等，故賜以穀帛，吾何敢獨當。」 遂以所賜，悉分與之。
Zhen in youth had resolve and was Gentleman of the Southern Department. Early in Xiaowen's reign the barbarian chief Huan Dan submitted; the court made Dan Inspector of East Jing and Zhen envoy to win the left-hand tribes with him. Zhen reached Mount Tongbai, traced the Huai to its source, and proclaimed imperial grace—every tribe submitted in heart. At the Huai's source stood a shrine where barbarian custom offered human victims. Zhen instructed them: "Heaven and earth in their brightness are our parents—what parent savors a child's flesh? Henceforth use only wine and dried meat. The tribes obeyed; the custom changed from that day. He won over more than seventy thousand households, established commanderies and counties, and returned. For a mission that pleased the throne he was enfeoffed Viscount of Bacheng. Later, for military merit, he was advanced to marquis. He rose to General of Manifest Martiality and Inspector of Ying. Wherever he served he left a record of merit; the court promoted him to General of the Dragon Charger and granted two piebald horses, fifty bolts of silk, and three hundred hu of grain. Zhen summoned the province's destitute and orphaned and said, "The Son of Heaven says I can soothe you—hence grain and silk. How dare I keep them alone? He divided the whole grant among them.
72
尋轉荊州刺史。 與尚書盧陽烏征赭陽，為齊將垣曆生、蔡道恭所敗，免歸鄉里。 臨別，謂陽烏曰：「主上聖明，志吞吳會。 用兵機要，在於上流。 若有事荊楚，恐老夫復不得停耳。」 後車駕征鄧沔，復起珍為中軍大將軍、彭城王勰長史。 鄧沔既平，試守魯陽郡。 孝文復南伐，路經珍郡，加中壘將軍，正太守。 珍從至清水，帝曰：「朕頃戎車再駕，卿恆翼務中軍。 今日之舉，亦欲引卿同行，但三鴉險要，非卿無以守也。」 因敕還。 及孝文崩于行宮，秘匿而還，至珍郡，始發大諱。 還，除中散大夫，尋加鎮遠將軍、太尉諮議參軍。 卒，贈本將軍、青州刺史，諡曰懿。
Soon he was transferred to Inspector of Jing. With Lu Yangwu of the Masters of Writing he attacked Zheyang and was beaten by Qi generals Yuan Lisheng and Cai Daogong; dismissed, he returned home. On parting he told Yangwu, "Our lord is sage and wise and means to swallow Wu and Yue. The crux of war lies in the upper Yangtze. If affairs stir in Jing and Chu, I fear this old man will not rest again. Later, when the emperor campaigned against Deng and Mian, Zhen was again Grand General of the Central Army and Chief Clerk to Prince of Pengcheng Yuan Xie. When Deng and Mian were pacified, he was acting Administrator of Luyang on probation. When Xiaowen marched south again and passed Zhen's commandery, he was made General of the Central Rampart and confirmed Administrator. Zhen followed to Qingshui. The emperor said, "On these last campaigns I twice took the field, and you have always served the central army. This time I wished to bring you, but Sanya's passes are perilous—without you they cannot be held." He ordered him back. When Xiaowen died at the traveling palace the death was concealed until they reached Zhen's commandery, where the great mourning was proclaimed. On return he was Grand Master of the Palace, then General Who Pacifies the Distance and Staff in the Secretariat of the Minister of Education. He died; posthumously his former generalship and Inspector of Qingzhou, posthumous title Virtuous.
73
長子纘，字遵彥。 年十三，補中書學生。 聰敏明辯，為博士李彪所稱。 再遷侍御中散。 孝文每與德學沙門談論往復，纘掌綴錄，無所遺漏，頗見知賞。 累遷長兼尚書左丞。 壽春內附，尚書令王肅出鎮揚州，請纘行，為州長史。 加平遠將軍，帶梁郡太守。 肅薨，敕纘行州事。 任城王澄代肅為州，復啟纘為長史。 澄出征之後，梁將姜慶真乘虛攻襲，遂據外郭。 雖尋克復，纘坐免官。 卒。
Eldest son Zuan was styled Zunyan. At thirteen he entered the Central Secretariat school. Clever and eloquent, he was praised by Erudite Li Biao. Twice promoted to Attendant of the Imperial Carriage. Whenever Xiaowen debated with scholars and monks, Zuan recorded all and omitted nothing—he won favor. He rose to Acting Left Director of the Masters of Writing. When Shouchun submitted, Wang Su of the Masters of Writing went to Yangzhou and took Zuan as provincial Chief Clerk. He was General Who Pacifies the Distance and concurrent Administrator of Liang. When Su died, Zuan was ordered to act for the province. Prince of Rencheng Yuan Cheng replaced Su and again petitioned for Zuan as Chief Clerk. After Cheng marched out, Liang's Jiang Qingzhen attacked and seized the outer city. Though soon recovered, Zuan was dismissed for the fault. He died.
74
纘弟彧，字遵慶，亦有學識。 解褐奉朝請，稍遷平遠將軍、東豫州刺史。 綏懷蠻左，頗得其心。 蠻酋田益宗子魯生、魯賢先叛父南入，數為寇掠。 自彧至州，魯生等咸箋啟修敬，不得為害。 彧以蠻俗不識禮儀，乃立太學，選諸郡生徒於州總教。 又于城北置崇武館以習武焉。 州境清肅。 罷還，遇大將軍、京兆王繼西征，請為長史。 尋以本官兼尚書，為豳、夏行台，以功封陰盤縣男。 卒，贈撫軍將軍、雍州刺史，諡曰文。 子彪襲。 孝莊末，為藍田太守，因仕關西。
Younger brother Yu, styled Zunqing, was also learned. On first appointment he was Court Gentleman and rose to General Who Pacifies the Distance and Inspector of East Yu. He soothed the left-hand tribes and fairly won their hearts. Tian Yizong's sons Lusheng and Luxian had rebelled against their father, fled south, and repeatedly raided. From Yu's arrival, Lusheng and the others sent letters of respect and could not harm the land. Finding the tribes ignorant of ritual, he founded a National University and gathered student youths from the commanderies to teach at the seat. North of the wall he set up the Hall of Honored Martiality for drill. The province was cleared and orderly. On return he joined Grand General Prince of Jingzhao Ji's western campaign as Chief Clerk. Soon, concurrent with the Masters of Writing on the Mobile Office for Bin and Xia, he was enfeoffed Baron of Yinpan for merit. He died; posthumously General Who Pacifies the Army and Inspector of Yong, posthumous title Literary. Son Biao inherited. At Xiaozhuang's end he was Administrator of Lantian and entered Guanxi service.
75
彪弟融，以軍功賜爵長安伯。 稍遷大司馬開府司馬。 融娶司農卿趙郡李瑾女，疑其妻與章武王景哲奸通，乃刺殺之。 懼，亦自殺。
Younger brother Rong was enfeoffed Baron of Chang'an for military merit. He rose to Staff in the Grand Marshal's secretariat. Rong married Li Jin's daughter of the Ministry of Agriculture and suspected adultery with Prince of Zhangwu Yuan Jingzhe; he stabbed her dead. In fear he killed himself.
76
弟朏，字遵顯，少有志業。 年十八，辟州主簿。 時屬歲儉，朏以家粟造粥，以飼饑人，所活甚眾。 解褐太學博士。 稍遷右軍將軍，為荊、郢和糴大使。 南郢州刺史田夷啟稱朏父珍往任荊州，恩洽夷夏，乞朏充南道別將，領荊州驍勇，共為腹背。 詔從之。 未幾，行南荊州事。 遷東徐州刺史。 梁遣其郢州刺史田粗憘率眾來寇，朏于石羊岡破斬之，以功封杜縣子。 卒於侍中、雍州刺史，諡曰宣。
Younger brother Fei, styled Zunxian, had will and enterprise in youth. At eighteen he was summoned as provincial chief clerk. In a year of scarcity he used household grain for porridge and fed the hungry—very many lived. On first appointment he was Erudite of the National University. He rose to General of the Right Army and Commissioner for Harmonious Grain Purchase in Jing and Ying. South Ying Inspector Tian Yi memorialized that Fei's father Zhen in Jing had won barbarian and Chinese alike, and begged Fei as Separate Commander of the Southern Route with Jing's fierce troops for mutual support. The edict approved. Soon he was acting in South Jing affairs. He was transferred to Inspector of East Xu. Liang's Ying Inspector Tian Cuchou invaded; Fei on Shiyang Hill defeated and beheaded him and was enfeoffed Viscount of Du. He died as Attendant and Inspector of Yong, posthumous title Manifest.
77
長子鴻，字道衍，頗有幹用，累遷中書舍人。 天平三年，坐漏泄，賜死於家。
Eldest son Hong, styled Daoyan, had ability and rose to Central Secretariat Attendant. In Tianping year 3, for leaking secrets, he was granted death at home.
78
杜銓，字士衡，京兆人，晉征南將軍預五世孫也。 祖胄，苻堅太尉長史。 父嶷，慕容垂秘書監，仍僑居趙郡。 銓學涉，有長者風，與盧玄、高允等同被徵為中書博士。
Du Quan, styled Shiheng, was of Jingzhao, fifth-generation descendant of Jin's General Who Conquers the South Du Yu. Grandfather Zhou was Chief Clerk to Fu Jian's Minister of Education. Father Yi was Secretary Supervisor under Murong Chui and afterward lodged in Zhao commandery. Quan was broadly learned with an elder's bearing; with Lu Xuan, Gao Yun, and others he was summoned as Central Secretariat Erudite.
79
初，密太后父豹喪在濮陽，太武欲令迎葬於鄴，謂司徒崔浩曰：「天下諸杜，何處望高？ 朕今方改葬外祖，意欲取杜中長老一人，以為宗正，令營護凶事。」 浩曰：「京兆為美。 中書博士杜銓，其家今在趙郡，是杜預後，於今為諸杜最。」 密召見，銓器貌瑰雅，太武感悅，謂浩曰：「此真吾所欲也。」 以為宗正，令與杜超子道生送豹喪柩，致葬鄴南。 銓遂與超如親。 超謂銓曰：「既是宗近，何緣僑居趙郡？」 乃延引同屬魏郡。 再遷中書侍郎，賜爵新豐侯。 卒，贈相州刺史、魏縣侯，諡曰宣。 子振，字季元。 舉秀才，卒于中書博士。
Earlier Empress Dowager Mi's father Bao lay dead in Puyang; Taiwu wished to bring him for burial at Ye and asked Cui Hao, "Of all the Du houses, which is most eminent? I am reburying my maternal grandfather and wish one elder Du as Director of the Imperial Clan to oversee the funeral. Hao said, "Jingzhao is finest. Erudite Du Quan—his family is in Zhao commandery; he is Du Yu's descendant and foremost among the Du today. Secretly summoned, Quan's bearing was magnificent; Taiwu was pleased and told Hao, "This is truly the man I want." He was made Director of the Imperial Clan and, with Du Chao's son Daosheng, escorted Bao's coffin for burial south of Ye. Quan thereafter treated Chao as kin. Chao said, "We are close kin—why lodge in Zhao? He drew him in to the same lineage in Wei commandery. Twice promoted to Vice Director of the Central Secretariat and enfeoffed Marquis of Xinfeng. He died; posthumously Inspector of Xiang and Marquis of Wei, posthumous title Manifest. Son Zhen was styled Jiyuan. Recommended as Outstanding Talent, he died as Central Secretariat Erudite.
80
振子遇，字慶期，位尚書起部郎。 竊官材瓦起立私宅，清論鄙之。 卒于河東太守，贈都官尚書、豫州刺史，諡曰惠。 銓族孫景，字宣明，學通經史。 州府交辟，不就。
Zhen's son Yu, styled Qingqi, was Gentleman of the Ministry of Ceremonials. He took official timber and tiles for a private house; pure judges despised him. He died as Administrator of Hedong; posthumously Director of the Ministry of Justice and Inspector of Yu, posthumous title Kind. Cousin Jing, styled Xuanming, was versed in classics and histories. Provinces and prefectures repeatedly summoned him; he would not go.
81
景子裕，字慶延，雖官非貴仕，而文學相傳。 仕齊，位止樂陵令。 齊亡，退居教授，終於家。
Jing's son Yu, styled Yanqing, held no lofty office yet literature passed through his hands. Under Qi he reached only Magistrate of Leling. When Qi fell he retired to teach and died at home.
82
子正玄，字知禮，少傳家業，耽志經史。 隋開皇十五年，舉秀才，試策高第。 曹司以策過左僕射楊素，怒曰：「周孔更生，尚不得為秀才，刺史何忽妄舉此人？ 可附下考。」 乃以策抵地，不視。 時海內唯正玄一人應秀才，余常貢者，隨例銓注訖，正玄獨不得進止。 曹司以選期將盡，重以啟素。 素志在試退正玄，乃手題使擬司馬相如《上林賦》、王褒《聖主得賢臣頌》、班固《燕然山銘》、張載《劍閣銘》、《白鸚鵡賦》，曰：「我不能為君住宿，可至未進令就。」 正玄及時並了。 素讀數遍，大驚曰：「誠好秀才！」 命曹司錄奏。 屬吏部選期已過，注色令還。 期年重集，素謂曹司曰：「秀才杜正玄至。」 又試《官人有奇器》闕並立成，文不加點。 素大嗟之，命吏部優敘。 曹司以擬長寧王記室參軍。 時素情背曹官，及見，曰：「小王不盡其才也。」 晉王廣方鎮揚州，妙選府僚，乃以正玄為晉王府參軍。 後豫章王鎮揚州，又為豫章王記室。 卒。
Son Zhengxuan, styled Zhili, inherited the family craft and devoted himself to classics and histories. In Kaihuang year 15 he was recommended as Outstanding Talent and ranked high in the policy examination. Clerks, because the essay surpassed Left Vice Director Yang Su, said angrily, "If Zhou and Confucius were reborn they could not be Outstanding Talent—why does the inspector rashly recommend this man? Give him the lowest annual rating. They dashed the essay to the ground unread. Within the realm only Zhengxuan had answered the Outstanding Talent summons; regular tribute candidates were registered and dismissed, but Zhengxuan alone could neither advance nor leave. Because the selection period was nearly over, the clerks again reported to Su. Su meant to test and dismiss him, set topics requiring drafts of Xiangru's "Shanglin Fu," Wang Bao's "Sage Lord" hymn, Ban Gu's "Yanshan Inscription," Zhang Zai's "Sword Pass" and "White Parrot" pieces, saying, "I cannot lodge you—come before dismissal is final and finish at once. Zhengxuan finished all at once on time. Su read them through and cried, "Truly a fine Outstanding Talent! He ordered the clerks to record and memorialize. The Ministry of Personnel selection period had passed; they noted his name and sent him back. A year later they assembled again; Su told the clerks, "Outstanding Talent Du Zhengxuan has come. They again tested the "Ballad of the Official's Rare Vessel"; he completed it standing, without a single correction. Su sighed in admiration and ordered preferential ranking. Clerks proposed Recorder to Prince of Changning. Su had turned against the ministry; seeing the proposal he said, "The young prince does not exhaust this man's talent. Prince of Jin Yang Guang was garrisoning Yangzhou and choosing staff with care; Zhengxuan was made Staff to the Prince of Jin. Later when Prince of Yuzhang garrisoned Yangzhou, he was Recorder to the Prince of Yuzhang. He died.
83
正玄弟正藏，字為善，亦好學，善屬文。 開皇十六年，舉秀才。 時蘇威監選，試擬賈誼《過秦論》及《尚書湯誓》、《匠人箴》、《連理樹賦》、《幾賦》、《弓銘》，應時並就，又無點竄。 時射策甲第者合奏，曹司難為別奏，抑為乙科。 正藏訴屈，威怒，改為丙第，授純州行參軍。 遷梁郡下邑縣正。 大業中，與劉炫同以學業該通，應詔被舉。 時正藏弟正儀貢充進士，正倫為秀才，兄弟三人同時應命，當世嗟美之。 著作郎王劭奏追修史，司谷大夫薛道衡奏擬從事，並以見任且放還。 九年，從駕征遼，為夫餘道行軍長史。 還至涿郡，卒。
Younger brother Zhengcang, styled Weishan, also loved learning and composition. In Kaihuang year 16 he was recommended as Outstanding Talent. Su Wei supervised selection; the test required Jia Yi's "On the Qin," the Documents' "Pledge of Tang," the "Artificer's Maxim," "Intertwined Trees," "Table," and "Bow" pieces—he finished on time without emendation. First-class archery-policy candidates were memorialized together; clerks found separate memorial hard and demoted him to second class. Zhengcang appealed; Wei was angry and changed him to third class, appointing Mobile Office Staff in Chun. He was transferred to Magistrate of Xiayi in Liang. In the Daye era he and Liu Xuan were both recommended by edict for comprehensive learning. Then Zhengcang's brother Zhengyi had presented himself as Presented Scholar and Zhenglun as Outstanding Talent—the three brothers answered together, and the age admired them. Compilation Gentleman Wang Shao memorialized to revise the histories; Grain Minister Xue Daohang memorialized staff—all were in post and sent home for now. In year 9 he followed the Liaodong campaign as Chief Clerk on the Fuyu Route. On return he reached Zhuo commandery and died.
84
正藏為文迅速，有如宿構。 曾令數人並執紙筆，各題一文，正藏口授俱成，皆有文理，為當時所異。 又為《文軌》二十卷，論為文體則，甚有條貫。 後生寶而行之，多資以解褐，大行於世，謂之《杜家新書》云。
Zhengcang wrote with speed, as though prepared overnight. Once he set several men with brush and paper, each with a topic; Zhengcang dictated and all were finished at once, each ordered—his age marveled. He also wrote Literary Tracks in twenty scrolls on literary norms, very clearly arranged. Later students treasured it; many relied on it to leave the purple, and it spread widely—called the New Book of the Du House.
85
論曰：宋隱操行貞白，遺略榮名； 宣、愔並保退素，咸見徵辟，可謂德門者矣。 義和以才度見知，跡參顧命，拔萃出類，當有以哉！ 無子之歎，豈徒羊舌！ 宗祀不亡，蓋其幸也。 翻剛鯁自立，猛而斷務。 世良昆季，雅有家風。 道謨卜筮取達，季良累於學淺。 刁雍才識恢遠，著聲立事，禮遇優隆，世有人爵，堂構之義也。 辛、韋不殞門風。 杜銓所在為重。 正玄難兄難弟，信為美哉！
The historians comment: Song Yin's conduct was pure white, leaving glory behind; Xuan and Yin both preserved withdrawal and simplicity and were summoned to office—houses of virtue indeed. Yihe was known for talent; his traces joined entrusted counsel; standing above the crowd—there was cause! The sigh over no son—is it only Yangshe's! That ancestral sacrifice did not perish was perhaps fortune. Fan was upright and independent, fierce in affairs. Shiliang and his brothers refined the family style. Daomo reached eminence through divination; Jiliang was weighed down by shallow learning. Diao Yong's talent was broad and far; he won fame, received honor, and for generations held rank—the meaning of building the hall. Xin and Wei did not let their gate's wind perish. Wherever Du Quan stood, men gave him weight. Zhengxuan—hard to say which brother excels; beautiful indeed!