Volume 37 Biographies 25: Han Mao, Pi Baozi, Feng Chiwen, Lu Luohan, Kong Bogong, Tian Yizong, Meng Biao, Xi Kangsheng, Yang Dayan, Cui Yanbo, Li Shuren

韓茂皮豹子封敕文呂羅漢孔伯恭田益宗孟表奚康生楊大眼崔延伯李叔仁

Han Mao, Pi Baozi, Feng Chiwen, Lu Luohan, Kong Bogong, Tian Yizong, Meng Biao, Xi Kangsheng, Yang Dayan, Cui Yanbo, and Li Shuren

列傳第二十五

Biographies 25

韓茂皮豹子封敕文呂羅漢孔伯恭田益宗孟表奚康生楊大眼崔延伯李叔仁

Han Mao, Pi Baozi, Feng Chiwen, Lu Luohan, Kong Bogong, Tian Yizong, Meng Biao, Xi Kangsheng, Yang Dayan, Cui Yanbo, and Li Shuren

韓茂，字元興，安定安武人也。父耆字黃耇，永興中，自赫連屈丐來降，位常山太守，假安武侯，仍居常山之九門。卒，贈涇州刺史，諡曰成。茂年十七，膂力過人，尤善騎射。明元曾親征丁零翟猛，茂為中軍執幢。時大風，諸軍旌旗皆偃僕，茂於馬上持幢，初不傾倒。帝異而問之，謂左右曰：「記之。」尋征詣行在所，以為武賁郎將。後從太武討赫連昌，大破之，以功賜爵蒲陰子，遷侍輦郎。又從破統萬，平平涼，當茂所沖，莫不應弦而殪。拜內侍長，進爵九門侯。後從征蠕蠕，頻戰大捷。與樂平王丕等伐和龍，茂為前鋒都將，戰功居多。遷司衛監，錄前後功，拜散騎常侍、殿中尚書，進爵安定公。從破薛永宗、蓋吳，轉都官尚書。從車駕南征，拜徐州刺史。還，拜侍中、尚書左僕射。文成踐阼，拜尚書令，加侍中、征南大將軍。茂沈毅篤實，雖無文學，每議論合理，為將善於撫眾，勇冠當世，為朝廷所稱。太安二年，領太子少師。卒，贈涇州刺史，安定王，諡曰桓。

Han Mao, styled Yuanying, was from Anwu in Anding. His father Qi, styled Huanggao, submitted from Helian Quchu's domain in the Yongxing era, served as Inspector of Changshan, was enfeoffed in name as Marquis of Anwu, and continued to live at Jiumen in Changshan. After his death he was posthumously appointed Inspector of Jingzhou and given the posthumous title Cheng. At seventeen, Mao's strength surpassed that of ordinary men, and he was especially skilled in mounted archery. When Emperor Mingyuan personally led a campaign against the Dingling chieftain Zhai Meng, Mao served in the central army as bearer of the command standard. A fierce wind arose, and the banners of every army were blown flat; yet Mao, mounted, held his standard upright without the slightest waver. The emperor was astonished and questioned him, then said to his attendants, "Make a record of this." He was soon summoned to the emperor's camp and appointed Martial Guard General. He later followed Emperor Taiwu against Helian Chang, won a great victory, and was enfeoffed as Baron of Puyin for his merit; he was then promoted to Attendant of the Imperial Carriage. He again followed the campaigns that took Tongwan and pacified Liangzhou; wherever Mao led the charge, the enemy fell to his bow without exception. He was appointed Director of Palace Attendants and advanced to Marquis of Jiumen. He later joined campaigns against the Rouran and won repeated great victories. Campaigning against Helong with the Prince of Le Ping and others, Mao served as vanguard commander and accounted for most of the victories. He was transferred to Director of Palace Guards; his past and recent achievements were entered on record, and he was appointed Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary and Director of the Palace Secretariat, advancing to Duke of Anding. He followed the campaigns that defeated Xue Yongzong and Gai Wu and was transferred to Director of the Masters of Writing for Personnel. He accompanied the emperor on the southern expedition and was appointed Inspector of Xuzhou. On his return he was appointed Attendant-in-Chief and Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing. When Emperor Wencheng took the throne, Mao was appointed Director of the Masters of Writing and additionally made Attendant-in-Chief and General Who Conquers the South. Mao was grave, steadfast, and sincere; though he had no literary training, his counsel in council was always sound. As a general he excelled at winning the loyalty of his men, and his courage was unmatched in his generation—the court spoke highly of him. In the second year of the Tai'an era he was appointed Grand Tutor to the Crown Prince. After his death he was posthumously appointed Inspector of Jingzhou and Prince of Anding, with the posthumous title Huan.

長子備，字延德，賜爵行唐侯，曆太子庶子、甯西將軍，典游獵曹，加散騎常侍。襲爵安定公、征南大將軍。卒，贈雍州刺史。諡曰簡。

His eldest son Bei, styled Yande, was enfeoffed as Marquis of Xingtang, served successively as Household Companion to the Heir Apparent and General Who Guards the West, directed the Bureau of Imperial Hunts, and was given the additional title of Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary. He inherited the title Duke of Anding and the post of General Who Conquers the South. After his death he was posthumously appointed Inspector of Yongzhou. He was posthumously known as Jian.

備弟均，字天德，少善射，有將略。初為中散，賜爵范陽子，遷金部尚書，加散騎常侍。兄備卒，無子，均襲爵安定公、征南大將軍。曆定、青、冀三州刺史，甚有譽。廣阿澤在定、冀、相三州界，土曠人稀，多有寇盜，乃置鎮以靜之。以均在冀州，劫盜止息，除大將軍、廣阿鎮大將，加都督三州諸軍事。均清身率下，禁斷奸邪，於是趙郡屠各、西山丁零聚黨山澤以劫害為業者，均皆誘慰追捕，遠近震跼。先是，河外未賓，人多去就，故權立東青州，為招懷之本。新附人咸受優復，然舊人奸逃者，多往投焉。均表陳非便，朝議罷之。後均所統，劫盜頗起，獻文詔書讓之。又以五州人戶殷多，編籍不實，詔均檢括，出十餘萬戶。復授定州刺史，百姓安之。卒。諡康公。

Bei's younger brother Jun, styled Tiande, was an expert archer from youth and possessed real military talent. He began as a Central Attendant, was enfeoffed as Baron of Fanyang, and was transferred to Director of the Masters of Writing for Revenue with the additional title of Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary. When his elder brother Bei died without an heir, Jun inherited the title Duke of Anding and the post of General Who Conquers the South. He served in turn as inspector of Ding, Qing, and Ji provinces and earned a strong reputation. Guang'a Marsh lay where Ding, Ji, and Xiang provinces met; the land was open and sparsely settled, and banditry was common, so the court established a garrison to keep the area quiet. With Jun stationed in Jizhou, highway robbery ceased. He was appointed Grand General and Grand General of the Guang'a Garrison, with added authority as commander over military affairs in all three provinces. Jun led by personal integrity, kept his men in order, and cracked down on crime. The Tujue of Zhao commandery, the Dingling of the western hills, and others who had banded together in mountain and marsh country to live by robbery were enticed back, reassured, or hunted down, and both near and far were cowed into submission. Previously the country south of the Yellow River had not yet submitted, and people moved freely between the two sides; the court therefore established Eastern Qingzhou as a provisional base for winning them over. Newly submitted households all received favorable tax exemptions, yet many older subjects who had turned to banditry went over to join them. Jun submitted a memorial arguing that the arrangement was harmful; after deliberation the court abolished Eastern Qingzhou. Later, under Jun's jurisdiction, banditry flared up again on a considerable scale, and Emperor Xianwen sent an edict reproaching him. Because the five provinces had large populations but inaccurate household registers, the court ordered Jun to audit them and uncovered more than a hundred thousand unregistered households. He was again appointed Inspector of Dingzhou, and the people lived securely under his rule. He died. He was posthumously known as Duke Kang.

皮豹子，漁陽人也。少有武略。泰常中，為中散。太武時，為散騎常侍，賜爵新安侯，又拜選部尚書。後除開府儀同三司，進爵淮陽公，鎮長安，坐盜官財，徙于統萬。真君三年，宋將裴方明等侵南秦王楊難當，遂陷仇池。太武征豹子，復其爵位，尋拜使持節、仇池鎮將，督並中諸軍與建興公古弼等分命諸將，十道並進。四年正月，豹子進擊樂鄉，大破之。宋使其秦州刺史胡崇之鎮仇池，至漢中，聞官軍已西，懼不敢進。豹子與司馬楚之至濁水，擊禽崇之，盡虜其眾。仇池平。未幾，諸氐復推楊文德為主以圍仇池，古弼討平之。

Pi Baozi was from Yuyang. Even in youth he showed martial ability. In the Taichang era he served as a Central Attendant. Under Emperor Taiwu he was Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary, enfeoffed as Marquis of Xin'an, and also appointed Director of the Masters of Writing for Selection. He was later made Bearer of the Staff with the Same Powers as the Three Excellencies, advanced to Duke of Huaiyang, and stationed at Chang'an, but was banished to Tongwan for embezzling government property. In the third year of Zhenjun, Song generals led by Pei Fangming invaded the Southern Qin king Yang Nan'dang and then captured Chouchi. Emperor Taiwu recalled Baozi and restored his rank and office; he was soon appointed Commissioner with the Staff and Garrison Commander of Chouchi, placed in overall command of the armies of Bing and Zhong provinces together with the Duke of Jianxing, Gu Bibi, and others, with the various commanders advancing along ten routes at once. In the first month of the fourth year, Baozi advanced against Leyang and won a crushing victory. The Song appointed Hu Chongzhi Inspector of Qinzhou to hold Chouchi; when he reached Hanzhong and learned that the imperial army had already marched west, fear kept him from advancing. Baozi and Sima Chu reached Zhuoshui, attacked and captured Chongzhi, and took his entire force prisoner. Chouchi was pacified. Before long the Di clans again raised Yang Wende as their leader and besieged Chouchi; Gu Bibi campaigned against them and restored order.

時豹子次下辨，聞圍解，欲還。弼使謂豹子曰：「賊恥其負敗，必求報復，不如陳兵以待之。」豹子以為然。尋除都督秦、雍、荊、梁、益五州諸軍事，進號征西大將軍、開府，仇池鎮將、持節、公如故。宋復遣楊文德、姜道盛寇濁水，別遣將青陽顯伯守斧山，以拒豹子。濁水城兵射殺道盛。豹子至斧山，斬顯伯，悉俘其眾。

Baozi was then encamped at Xia Bian; when he heard the siege had been raised, he wished to withdraw. Bi sent word to Baozi: "The enemy, shamed by defeat, will surely seek revenge. It would be better to hold your army in readiness and wait." Baozi agreed. He was soon appointed commander over military affairs in Qin, Yong, Jing, Liang, and Yi provinces, advanced to General Who Conquers the West and Bearer of the Staff, while retaining his posts as Garrison Commander of Chouchi, Commissioner with the Staff, and duke as before. The Song again sent Yang Wende and Jiang Daosheng to raid Zhuoshui and separately dispatched the general Qingyang Xianbo to hold Fushan and block Baozi. The garrison at Zhuoshui shot and killed Daosheng. Baozi reached Fushan, beheaded Xianbo, and took his entire force prisoner.

初，南秦王楊難當歸命，詔送楊氏子弟詣京師。文德以行賂得留，出奔漢中。宋以文德為武都王，守葭蘆城，招誘氐羌。於是武都陰平五部氐人叛應文德，詔豹子討之。文德阻兵固險，以拒豹子。文德將楊高來降，文德棄城南走，收其妻子寮屬及故武都王保宗妻公主送京師。宋白水太守郭啟玄率眾救文德，豹子大破之。啟玄、文德走還漢中。

Earlier the Southern Qin king Yang Nan'dang had submitted to the court, and an edict ordered Yang clansmen sent to the capital. Wende bribed his way into being allowed to stay behind and fled to Hanzhong. The Song made Wende Prince of Wudu, stationed him at Jialu fortress, and used him to win over the Di and Qiang. The Di of the five divisions of Wudu and Yinping then rose in rebellion and rallied to Wende; an edict ordered Baozi to campaign against them. Wende relied on his army and the rugged terrain to hold Baozi at bay. Wende's general Yang Gao surrendered; Wende abandoned the city and fled south. Baozi seized his wife, household, and retainers, together with the former Wudu king Baozong's wife the princess, and sent them all to the capital. The Song Inspector of Baishui, Guo Qixuan, led troops to rescue Wende, but Baozi routed him completely. Qixuan and Wende fled back to Hanzhong.

興安二年，宋遣蕭道成等入漢中，別令楊文德、楊頭等率氐、羌圍武都。豹子分兵將救之，聞宋人增兵益將，表狀求助。詔高平鎮將苟莫幹率突騎二千以赴之，道成等乃退。征豹子為尚書，出為內都大官。宋遣其將殷孝祖修兩當城於清東，以逼南境。天水公封敕文擊之，不克。詔豹子與給事中周丘等助擊之。宋瑕丘鎮遣步卒五千助戍兩當，豹子大破之。追至城下，其免者千餘人而已。既而班師。先是，河西諸胡亡匿避命，豹子討之；不捷而還，又坐免官。尋以前後戰功復擢為內都大官。卒，文成追惜之，贈淮陽王，諡曰襄。子道明襲。

In the second year of Xing'an, the Song sent Xiao Daocheng and others into Hanzhong and separately ordered Yang Wende, Yang Tou, and others to lead Di and Qiang forces in besieging Wudu. Baozi divided his forces to relieve the siege; when he learned the Song were reinforcing their army, he submitted a memorial requesting help. The court ordered the Garrison Commander of Gaoping, Gou Mogan, to hurry to him with two thousand crack cavalry, and Daocheng and the others then withdrew. Baozi was recalled to the capital as Director of the Masters of Writing and then sent out again as Grand Director of the Inner Court. The Song sent their general Yin Xiaozu to rebuild the Liangdang fortress on the Qing River to threaten the southern border. The Duke of Tianshui, Feng Chiwen, attacked him but could not prevail. An edict ordered Baozi, together with the Attendant of Scattered Retainers Zhou Qiu and others, to assist in the attack. The Song garrison at Xiaqiu sent five thousand foot soldiers to reinforce Liangdang; Baozi routed them completely. He pursued to the walls of the fortress; barely more than a thousand men escaped. He soon withdrew his army. Earlier, various Hu peoples of Hexi had fled into hiding to evade imperial orders; Baozi campaigned against them; he failed and withdrew, and was again dismissed from office. Before long, for his earlier and later battle achievements, he was again promoted to Grand Director of the Inner Court. When he died, Emperor Wencheng mourned him with regret, posthumously made him Prince of Huaiyang, and gave him the posthumous title Xiang. His son Daoming inherited the title.

道明第八弟懷喜，文成以其名臣子，擢為侍御中散，遷侍御長。孝文初，吐谷渾拾夤部落饑窘，侵掠澆河。詔假平西將軍、廣川公，與上党王長孫觀討拾夤。又以其父豹子昔鎮仇池，有威信，拜使持節、侍中、都督秦、雍、荊、梁、益五州諸軍事、本將軍、開府、仇池鎮將，假公如故。懷喜至，申布恩惠。夷人大悅，酋帥率戶歸附。置廣業、固道二郡以居之。徵為南部尚書，賜爵南康侯。

Daoming's eighth younger brother Huaixi was, by Emperor Wencheng, raised from the son of a famous minister to Attendant of Scattered Retainers in the Imperial Guard and then to Chief of the Imperial Guard. At the beginning of Emperor Xiaowen's reign, the Tuyuhun chieftain Shibin's tribes, hungry and desperate, raided Jiaohe. An edict appointed him acting General Who Pacifies the West and Duke of Guangchuan, and he campaigned against Shibin together with the Prince of Shangdang, Zhangsun Guan. Because his father Baozi had once garrisoned Chouchi and enjoyed authority there, Huaixi was also appointed Commissioner with the Staff and Attendant-in-Chief, commander over military affairs in Qin, Yong, Jing, Liang, and Yi provinces with his former general's title, Bearer of the Staff, Garrison Commander of Chouchi, and duke in name as before. When Huaixi arrived, he proclaimed the court's favors and grace. The tribes were greatly pleased, and their chieftains led their households in submission. The commanderies of Guangye and Gudao were established to settle them. He was recalled as Director of the Masters of Writing for the South and enfeoffed as Marquis of Nankang.

封敕文，代人也，本姓是賁。祖豆，位開府、冀青二州刺史、關內侯。父灊，侍御長，贈定州刺史、章武侯，諡曰隱。敕文始光初為中散，稍遷西部尚書，出為使持節、開府、領護西夷校尉、秦益二州刺史，賜爵天水公，鎮上邽。詔敕文征吐谷渾慕利延兄子拾歸於枹罕。眾少不制，詔廣川公乙烏頭等二軍與敕文會隴右。軍次武始，拾歸夜遁，敕文引軍入枹罕，虜拾歸妻子及其人戶，分徙千家於上邽，留烏頭守桴罕。

Feng Chiwen, a man of Dai, was originally of the surname Shi. His grandfather Dou had held the post of Bearer of the Staff, Inspector of Ji and Qing provinces, and Marquis Within the Passes. His father Qian had been Chief of the Imperial Guard; after death he was posthumously appointed Inspector of Dingzhou and Marquis of Zhangwu, with the posthumous title Yin. Chiwen began as a Central Attendant in the Shiguang era, was gradually promoted to Director of the Masters of Writing for the West, and was then sent out as Commissioner with the Staff and Bearer of the Staff, Colonel Protecting the Western Yi, Inspector of Qin and Yi provinces, enfeoffed as Duke of Tianshui, and stationed at Shanggui. An edict ordered Chiwen to campaign against Shigui, nephew of the Tuyuhun ruler Muli Yan, at Fuhan. His force was too small to prevail; an edict ordered the two armies of the Duke of Guangchuan, Yi Wutou, and others to join Chiwen in Longyou. When the army reached Wuzhi, Shigui fled by night. Chiwen advanced into Fuhan, seized Shigui's wife, children, and households, resettled a thousand households at Shanggui, and left Wutou to guard Fuhan.

金城邊冏，天水梁會謀反，據上邽東城南城，攻逼西城。敕文先已設備，賊乃退。冏、會復攻城，氐、羌一萬屯南嶺，休官、屠各及雜戶二萬餘人屯北嶺，為冏等形援。敕文設奇兵大破之，斬冏。眾復推梁會為主。安豐公閭根率軍助敕文，敕文又表求助，未及報。梁會欲謀逃遁。先是敕文掘重塹於東城之外，幾斷賊走路。夜半，會乃飛梯騰塹而走。敕文先嚴兵於塹外，拒鬥，從夜至旦。敕文謀於眾曰：「困獸猶鬥，而況於人。」乃以白武幡宣告賊眾，若能歸降，原其生命，應時降者六百餘人。會知人心沮壞，於是分遁。敕文縱騎騰躡，死者太半。

Bian Tong of Jincheng and Liang Hui of Tianshui rose in rebellion, seized the eastern and southern walls of Shanggui, and attacked the western wall. Chiwen had already made his preparations, and the rebels withdrew. Tong and Hui attacked the city again. Ten thousand Di and Qiang encamped on the southern ridge, while more than twenty thousand Xiuguan, Tujue, and miscellaneous households encamped on the northern ridge to support them. Chiwen laid an ambush and won a crushing victory, beheading Tong. The rebels again made Liang Hui their leader. The Duke of Anfeng, Lu Gen, led troops to assist Chiwen, and Chiwen also submitted a memorial requesting reinforcements, but no reply had yet arrived. Liang Hui planned to flee. Earlier Chiwen had dug a deep moat outside the eastern wall, nearly cutting off the rebels' line of retreat. At midnight Hui used flying ladders to vault the moat and escape. Chiwen had already drawn up his troops outside the moat to block them, and the fighting lasted from night until dawn. Chiwen said to his officers, "A cornered beast will still fight—how much more will men do so." He then raised a white martial banner and proclaimed to the rebel ranks that those who submitted would be spared; more than six hundred men surrendered on the spot. Seeing that morale had collapsed, Hui broke his force apart and fled in every direction. Chiwen sent cavalry in pursuit, and more than half the rebels were killed.

呂羅漢，本東平壽張人也，其先石勒時徙居幽州。祖顯，字子明。少好學，性廉直，鄉人有忿爭者皆就質焉。慕容垂以為河間太守。皇始初，以郡降，道武賜爵魏昌男。拜钜鹿太守。清身奉公，妻子不免饑寒，百姓頌之曰：「時惟府君，克清克明，緝我荒土，人胥樂生，願壽無疆，以享長齡。」卒官。父溫，字晞陽。善書，好施，有文武才略。位上党太守，有能名。卒，贈豫州刺史、野王侯，諡曰敬。

Lu Luohan was originally from Shouzhang in Dongping; his ancestors had been relocated to Youzhou in the time of Shi Le. His grandfather Xian was styled Ziming. From youth he loved learning and was upright by nature; when neighbors quarreled they all came to him for judgment. Murong Chui appointed him Inspector of Hejian. At the beginning of the Huangshi era he surrendered the commandery to the Wei court, and Emperor Daowu enfeoffed him as Baron of Weichang. He was appointed Inspector of Julu. He lived plainly in service of the public good; his wife and children still knew hunger and cold, yet the people praised him in verse: "In this age our prefect is pure and bright; he has brought order to our wasted land, and all rejoice in life—we wish him endless years to enjoy a full span." He died in office. His father Wen was styled Xiyang. He was skilled in calligraphy, generous in giving, and possessed both civil and military ability. He served as Inspector of Shangdang and was known for his ability. After his death he was posthumously appointed Inspector of Yuzhou and Marquis of Yewang, with the posthumous title Jing.

羅漢仁厚篤慎，弱冠以武幹知名。父溫之為秦州司馬，羅漢隨侍。隴右氐楊難當寇上邽，鎮將元意頭知羅漢善射，共登西城樓令射。難當隊將及兵二十三人應弦而殪。賊眾轉盛，羅漢曰：「今不出戰，示敵以弱。」意頭善之，即簡千餘人，令羅漢出戰，眾皆披靡。難當大驚，會太武賜難當璽書，責其跋扈，難當還仇池。意頭具以狀聞，徵為羽林郎。上邽休官呂豐、屠各、王飛鹿等據險為逆，詔羅漢討禽之。後從征懸瓠，以功遷羽林中郎、幢將，賜爵烏程子。及南安王余立，羅漢猶典宿衛，文成之立，羅漢有力焉。加龍驤將軍，仍幢將，進爵野王侯，拜司衛監。遷散騎常侍、殿中尚書，進爵山陽公。

Luohan was benevolent, generous, and careful; from his youth he was known for martial ability. When his father Wen served as Military Assistant of Qinzhou, Luohan accompanied him. The Di chieftain Yang Nan'dang of Longyou raided Shanggui; the garrison commander Yuan Yitou, knowing Luohan was an expert archer, climbed the western city tower with him and had him shoot. Twenty-three of Nan'dang's squad commanders and soldiers fell to Luohan's bow in succession. As the enemy force grew, Luohan said, "If we do not fight now, we show them we are weak." Yitou approved, immediately picked out more than a thousand men, and sent Luohan to attack; the enemy ranks broke and fled. Nan'dang was greatly alarmed. Just then Emperor Taiwu sent him an imperial letter reproaching his arrogance, and Nan'dang withdrew to Chouchi. Yitou reported the full account to the court, and Luohan was summoned to serve as a Guard of the Feathered Forest. The Xiuguan Lu Feng, Tujue chieftains, Wang Feilu, and others of Shanggui held rugged ground in rebellion; an edict ordered Luohan to campaign against them and take them captive. He later joined the expedition against Xuanchi and, for his merit, was promoted to Captain of the Feathered Forest and Standard Bearer, enfeoffed as Baron of Wucheng. When the Prince of Nan'an, Yu, was enthroned, Luohan still directed the night guard; he had played an important part in Emperor Wencheng's accession as well. He was made General of the Dragon Cavalry while retaining his post as Standard Bearer, advanced to Marquis of Yewang, and appointed Director of Palace Guards. He was transferred to Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary and Director of the Palace Secretariat, advancing to Duke of Shanyang.

後為鎮西將軍、秦、益二州刺史。時仇池氐、羌反，逼駱穀，鎮將吳保元走登百頃，請援于羅漢族。羅漢帥步騎隨長孫觀，掩擊氐、羌大破之，賊眾退散。詔書慰勉之。涇州人張羌郎聚眾千人，州軍討之。不能制，羅漢擊禽之。仇池氐、羌叛逆。其賊帥蛩廉、苻忻等皆受宋官爵鐵券。略陽公伏阿奴為都將，與羅漢赴討，所在破之，禽廉、忻等。秦、益阻遠，南連仇池，西接赤水，諸羌恃險，數為叛逆，自羅漢蒞州，撫以威惠，西戎懷德，土境怗然。孝文下詔褒美之。徵拜內都大官，聽察多得其情。卒官，諡莊公。長子興祖襲爵山陽公，後例降為侯。

He was later made General Who Guards the West and Inspector of Qin and Yi provinces. At that time the Di and Qiang of Chouchi rebelled and pressed Luogu; the garrison commander Wu Baoyuan retreated to Baizhang and requested aid from Luohan's forces. Luohan led infantry and cavalry with Zhangsun Guan in a surprise attack, routed the Di and Qiang completely, and the rebels dispersed. An edict arrived comforting and encouraging him. Zhang Qianglang of Jingzhou gathered a force of a thousand men, and the provincial army campaigned against him. They could not subdue him; Luohan attacked and took him captive. The Di and Qiang of Chouchi rebelled again. Their leaders Qiong Lian, Fu Xin, and others had all received Song offices, titles, and iron bonds of assurance. The Duke of Lueyang, Fu Anu, served as commander and campaigned with Luohan; wherever they advanced they broke the enemy and captured Lian, Xin, and the others. Qin and Yi were remote provinces, bordering Chouchi to the south and the Chishui region to the west. The Qiang tribes there relied on rugged terrain and rebelled repeatedly, but from the time Luohan took office he governed them with both authority and kindness; the western tribes submitted in gratitude and the borderlands were tranquil. Emperor Xiaowen issued an edict praising his service. He was summoned as Grand Director of the Inner Court and in hearing cases often got to the heart of the matter. He died in office and was posthumously known as Duke Zhuang. His eldest son Xingzu inherited the title Duke of Shanyang; later, under the usual regulation, the rank was reduced to marquis.

孔伯恭，魏郡鄴人也。父昭，位侍中、幽州刺中、魯郡公。卒，諡曰康。伯恭以父任拜給事中，後賜爵濟陽男，進彭城公。獻文初，宋徐州刺史薛安都以彭城內附。宋遣將張永、沈攸之等擊安都。安都請援，獻文進伯恭號鎮東將軍，副尚書尉元救之。永與攸之棄船而走。伯恭以書喻下邳、宿豫城內。時攸之、吳喜公等率眾來援下邳，屯軍焦墟曲，去下邳五十餘里。伯恭密造火車攻其營，水陸俱進。攸之等既聞將戰，引軍退保樊階城。宋甯朔將軍陳顯達領眾溯清而上，以迎攸之；屯于睢、清合口。伯恭率眾度水，大破顯達。攸之聞顯達軍敗，順流退下。伯恭從清西與攸之合戰，大破之，吳喜公輕騎遁走。乘勝追奔八十餘里，軍資器械虜獲萬計。進攻宿豫，宋戍將魯僧遵棄城夜遁。又遣將孔大恆等南討淮陽，宋太守崔武仲焚城南走，遂據淮陽。皇興二年，以伯恭為散騎常侍、彭城鎮將、都督徐南北兗州諸軍事，假東海公。卒，贈鎮東大將軍、東海王，諡曰桓。

Kong Bogong was from Ye in Wei commandery. His father Zhao had served as Attendant-in-Chief, Inspector of Youzhou, and Duke of Lu. After his death he was posthumously known as Kang. Through his father's standing Bogong was appointed Attendant of Scattered Retainers; he was later enfeoffed as Baron of Jiyang and advanced to Duke of Pengcheng. At the beginning of Emperor Xianwen's reign, the Song Inspector of Xuzhou, Xue Andu, surrendered Pengcheng to the Wei. The Song sent generals Zhang Yong, Shen Youzhi, and others to attack Andu. Andu requested aid; Emperor Xianwen promoted Bogong to General Who Pacifies the East and sent him to assist the Director of the Masters of Writing Yu Yuan in the relief effort. Yong and Youzhi abandoned their boats and fled. Bogong persuaded the garrisons of Xiapi and Suyu to submit by letter. Youzhi, the Duke of Wu Xi, and others then led troops to relieve Xiapi, encamping at Jiaoxu Qu, a little more than fifty li from the city. Bogong secretly built fire carts to attack their camp, advancing by land and water at once. Youzhi and the others, hearing that battle was imminent, withdrew to defend Fanjie city. The Song General Who Pacifies the North, Chen Xianda, led troops up the Qing River to join Youzhi; he encamped where the Sui and Qing rivers met. Bogong led his troops across the river and routed Xianda completely. When Youzhi learned that Xianda's army had been defeated, he withdrew downstream. Bogong attacked from the west bank of the Qing, joined battle with Youzhi, and won a crushing victory; the Duke of Wu Xi fled on a light horse. Pressing the victory, they pursued for more than eighty li and captured military supplies and equipment by the tens of thousands. They advanced against Suyu; the Song garrison commander Lu Zongzun abandoned the city and fled by night. He also sent generals Kong Daheng and others south against Huaiyang; the Song prefect Cui Wuzhong burned the southern part of the city and fled, and the Wei forces then took Huaiyang. In the second year of Huangxing, Bogong was appointed Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary, Garrison Commander of Pengcheng, and commander over military affairs in Xu province and the northern and southern districts of Xu and Yan, with the title Duke of Donghai in name. After his death he was posthumously appointed General Who Pacifies the East and Prince of Donghai, with the posthumous title Huan.

伯恭弟伯遜，襲父爵魯郡公，位東萊鎮將、東徐州刺史。坐事免官，卒於家。

Bogong's younger brother Boxun inherited their father's title Duke of Lu and served as Garrison Commander of Donglai and Inspector of Dongxu. He was dismissed from office for an offense and died at home.

田益宗，光城蠻也。身長八尺，雄果有將略，貌狀舉止，有異常蠻。世為四山蠻帥，受制于齊。太和十七年，遣使張超奉表歸魏。十九年，拜員外散騎常侍、都督、南司州刺史、光城縣伯，食蠻邑一千戶，所統守宰，任其銓置。後以益宗既度淮北，不可仍為司州，乃于新蔡立東豫州，以益宗為刺史。尋改封安昌縣伯。

Tian Yizong was a Man chieftain of Guangcheng. He stood eight chi tall, was bold and possessed real military talent, and his appearance and bearing were unlike those of ordinary Man tribesmen. His family had for generations been chieftains of the Four Mountains Man, subject to Qi. In the seventeenth year of Taihe he sent the envoy Zhang Chao with a memorial submitting to Wei allegiance. In the nineteenth year he was appointed Supernumerary Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary, commander, and Inspector of Southern Sizhou, enfeoffed as Baron of Guangcheng with a fief of a thousand Man households; the garrison commanders under his command he was permitted to appoint and remove at will. Later, because Yizong had already crossed north of the Huai, he could no longer hold Sizhou; the court therefore established Eastern Yuzhou at Xincai and appointed Yizong its inspector. His title was soon changed to Baron of Anchang.

景明初，梁師寇三關，益宗遣光城太守楊興之進至陰山關。南據長風城，逆擊大破之。梁建甯太守黃天賜築城赤亭，復遣其將黃公賞屯於漴城，與長風相持。益宗命安蠻太守梅景秀與興之掎角擊討。破之，獲其二城。上表陳攻取之術。宣武納之，遣鎮南將軍元英攻義陽。益宗遣其息魯生斷梁人糧運，破梁戍主趙文興，倉米運舟，焚燒蕩盡。時樂口已南，郢、豫二州諸縣皆沒于梁，唯有義陽而已。梁招益宗以車騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、五千戶郡公。當時安危在益宗去就，而益宗守節不移，郢、豫克平，益宗力也。

At the beginning of the Jingming era, Liang forces raided the Three Passes; Yizong sent the Administrator of Guangcheng, Yang Xingzhi, to advance to Yinshan Pass. Xingzhi moved south to hold Changfeng city, met the enemy in a counterattack, and won a crushing victory. The Liang Inspector of Jianning, Huang Tianci, built a fortress at Chiting and again sent his general Huang Gongshang to garrison Chong city in support of Changfeng. Yizong ordered the Administrator Who Pacifies the Man, Mei Jingxiu, and Xingzhi to attack from two sides. They defeated the Liang forces and captured both cities. Yizong submitted a memorial setting forth his methods of attack and capture. Emperor Xuanwu accepted the plan and sent the General Who Guards the South, Yuan Ying, to attack Yiyang. Yizong sent his son Lusheng to cut the Liang grain supply line, defeated the Liang garrison commander Zhao Wenxing, and burned all the grain in storehouses and transport boats. By then every county of Ying and Yu provinces south of Lekou had fallen to Liang; only Yiyang remained. Liang tried to win Yizong over with an offer of Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry, Bearer of the Staff with the Same Powers as the Three Excellencies, and the title Duke of a five-thousand-household commandery. The safety of the realm then hung on whether Yizong would stay or go, yet he held to his loyalty without wavering; the recovery of Ying and Yu was largely his achievement.

益宗年稍衰老，聚斂無厭。兵人患其侵擾，諸子及孫，競規賄貨。部內苦之，咸言欲叛。宣武深亦慮焉，乃遣中書舍人劉桃符宣旨慰喻，庶以安之。桃符還，啟益宗侵掠之狀。詔之曰：「聞卿息魯生在淮南貪暴，橫殺梅伏生，為爾不已，損卿誠效，可會魯生與使赴闕，當加任使。」魯生久未至。延昌中，詔以益宗為使持節、鎮東將軍、濟州刺史，常侍如故。帝慮其不受代，遣後將軍李世哲與桃符率從襲之，奄入廣陵。益宗子魯生、魯賢等奔于關南，招引梁兵，光城已南，皆為梁所保。世哲擊破之，復置郡戍，以益宗還。授征南將軍、金紫光祿大夫，加散騎常侍，改封曲陽縣伯。益宗生長邊地，不願內榮，雖位秩崇重，猶以為恨，表陳桃符讒毀之狀。詔曰：「既經大宥，不容方更為獄。」熙平初，益宗又表乞東豫，以招二子。靈太后令答不許。卒，贈征東大將軍、郢州刺史，諡曰莊。少子纂襲，位中散大夫，卒，贈東豫州刺史。

As Yizong grew older he amassed wealth without satiety. His soldiers resented his exactions, and his sons and grandsons all competed for bribes. The people under his command suffered bitterly and openly spoke of rebellion. Emperor Xuanwu was deeply concerned as well; he sent the Attendant of the Masters of Writing Liu Taofu with an imperial message to comfort and instruct him, hoping thereby to restore calm. When Taofu returned he reported Yizong's acts of plunder to the throne. An edict addressed him: "We have heard that your son Lusheng in Huainan is greedy and violent and has wantonly killed Mei Fusheng, to your endless discredit and harm to your loyal service. Have Lusheng meet the envoy and come to court; he will receive appointment and employment." Lusheng did not arrive for a long time. In the Yan-chang era an edict appointed Yizong Commissioner with the Staff, General Who Pacifies the East, and Inspector of Jizhou, retaining his post as Attendant-in-Chief. The emperor feared Yizong would refuse transfer and sent the Rear General Li Shizhe with Taofu to lead a surprise force that suddenly entered Guangling. Yizong's sons Lusheng and Luxian fled south of the passes, drew in Liang troops, and from Guangcheng southward the territory fell under Liang control. Shizhe defeated them, re-established commandery garrisons, and restored Yizong to his post. He was appointed General Who Conquers the South and Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon, with the additional title Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary, and his enfeoffment was changed to Baron of Quyang. Yizong had grown up on the frontier and did not crave honors at court; though his rank was lofty he still resented Taofu's slander and submitted a memorial setting it forth. An edict replied, "Since a general pardon has already been granted, the matter cannot be reopened in court." At the beginning of the Xiping era Yizong again memorialized requesting Eastern Yuzhou to win back his two sons. Empress Dowager Ling ordered a reply refusing. After his death he was posthumously appointed General Who Conquers the East and Inspector of Yingzhou, with the posthumous title Zhuang. His youngest son Zuan inherited the line; he served as Supernumerary Attendant of Scattered Retainers and after death was posthumously appointed Inspector of Eastern Yuzhou.

益宗長子隨興，位弋陽、東汝南二郡太守。益宗兄興祖，位江州刺史。

Yizong's eldest son Suixing served as inspector of Yiyang and Eastern Runan commanderies. Yizong's elder brother Xingzu served as Inspector of Jiangzhou.

孟表，字武達，濟北蛇丘人也。自雲本屬北地，號索裏諸孟。青、徐內屬後，表因事南度，仕齊為馬頭太守。太和十八年，表據郡歸魏，除南兗州刺史，領馬頭太守，賜爵譙縣侯，鎮渦陽。後齊遣其豫州刺史裴叔業攻圍六十餘日，城中食盡，唯以朽革及草木皮葉為糧。表撫循將士，戮力固守。會鎮南將軍王肅救之，叔業乃退。初，有一南人，自雲姓邊字叔珍，攜妻息從壽春投表，未及送闕，會叔業圍城。表後察叔珍言色頗有異，即推核，乃是叔業姑兒，規為內應。所攜妻子，並亦假妄，於北門外斬之，人情乃安。孝文嘉其誠，封汶陽縣伯，曆濟州刺史、散騎常侍、光祿大夫、齊州刺史。卒，贈兗州刺史，諡曰恭。

Meng Biao, styled Wuda, was from Sheqiu in Jibei. By his own account his clan originally came from Beidi and were known as the various Meng of Suoli. After Qing and Xu submitted to the Wei, Biao crossed south because of circumstances and served Qi as Administrator of Matou. In the eighteenth year of Taihe, Biao held his commandery and submitted to Wei; he was appointed Inspector of Southern Yanzhou and concurrent Administrator of Matou, enfeoffed as Marquis of Qiao, and stationed at Woyang. Later Qi sent their Inspector of Yuzhou, Pei Shuye, to besiege the city for more than sixty days. When food ran out, the defenders ate only rotten leather and the bark and leaves of plants and trees. Biao comforted his officers and men and strove with them to hold the city. Just then the General Who Guards the South, Wang Su, came to relieve the siege, and Shuye withdrew. At first a southerner who gave his surname as Bian and his style as Shuzhen arrived from Shouchun with wife and children to join Biao; before he could be sent to court, Shuye besieged the city. Later Biao noticed something odd in Shuzhen's words and bearing and investigated at once; he turned out to be Shuye's cousin on the maternal side and had planned to act as an inside agent. The wife and children he had brought were impostors as well; they were beheaded outside the north gate, and public feeling was then settled. Emperor Xiaowen praised his loyalty and enfeoffed him as Baron of Wenyang; he served in turn as Inspector of Jizhou, Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary, Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, and Inspector of Qizhou. After his death he was posthumously appointed Inspector of Yanzhou, with the posthumous title Gong.

奚康生，河南陽翟人也。本姓達奚，其先居代，世為部落大人。祖真，柔玄鎮將、內外三都大官，賜爵長進侯。卒，贈幽州刺史，諡曰簡。康生少驍武，彎弓十石，矢異常箭，為當時所服。太和初，蠕蠕頻寇，康生為前驅軍主，壯氣有聞，由是為宗子隊主。從駕征鐘離，駕旋濟淮，五將未度，齊將據渚斷津路。孝文募破中渚賊者，以為直閣將軍。康生應募，縛筏積柴，因風放火，燒其船艦，依煙直過，飛刀亂斫，投河溺死者甚眾。乃假康生直閣將軍。後以勳除太子三校、西台直後。吐京胡反，自號辛支王，康生為軍主，從章武王彬討之。分為五軍，四軍俱敗，康生軍獨全。率精騎一千追胡至車突穀，詐為墜馬，胡皆謂死，爭欲取之。康生騰騎奮矛，殺傷數十人，射殺辛支。

Xi Kangsheng was from Yangzhai in Henan. His original surname was Daxi; his ancestors had dwelt in Dai and for generations were great chiefs of the tribes. His grandfather Zhen was Garrison Commander of Rouxuan and Grand Director of the Inner and Outer Three Courts, and was enfeoffed as Marquis of Changjin. After his death he was posthumously appointed Inspector of Youzhou, with the posthumous title Jian. Kangsheng in youth was fierce and martial; he could draw a bow rated at ten piculs and used extraordinary arrows, and men of his time admired him. At the beginning of the Taihe era the Rouran raided frequently; Kangsheng served as vanguard army commander, and his bold spirit became well known, whereupon he was made chief of the imperial clansmen's guard. He followed the imperial carriage on the campaign against Zhongli. When the emperor turned back to cross the Huai, five generals had not yet crossed, and Qi forces held the mid-river islet and blocked the ford. Emperor Xiaowen sought someone who could break the rebels on the mid-river islet and promised the post of Direct Gate General. Kangsheng answered the call, bound rafts and piled firewood, set fire with the wind, burned the enemy ships, charged straight through the smoke, hacked with thrown knives, and a great many men drowned in the river. He was then appointed acting Direct Gate General. Later, for his merit, he was made one of the Crown Prince's three guards and Attendant Behind the Western Terrace. The Hu of Tujing rebelled and styled their leader King Xinzhi; Kangsheng served as army commander and followed the Prince of Zhangwu, Bin, against them. The force was divided into five armies; four were defeated, and only Kangsheng's army remained intact. He led a thousand crack horsemen in pursuit to Chetu Valley, feigned a fall from his horse, and the Hu all thought him dead and rushed to seize him. Kangsheng vaulted back into the saddle and thrust with his spear, killing or wounding several dozen men and shooting Xinzhi dead.

齊置義陽，招誘邊人，康生復為統軍，從王肅討之。齊將張伏護自升樓城樓，言辭不遜。肅令康生射之，望樓射窗，扉開即入，應箭而斃。彼人見箭，皆以為狂弩。齊將裴叔業率眾圍渦陽，欲解義陽之急，詔遣高聰、元衍等援之，並敗退。帝乃遣康生馳往，一戰大破之。及壽春來降，遣康生領羽林千人，給龍廄馬兩匹，馳赴之。破走其將桓和、陳伯之。以功除征虜將軍，封安武縣男。出為南青州刺史。

Qi established Yiyang to entice border people; Kangsheng again served as commander-in-chief and followed Wang Su against it. The Qi general Zhang Fuhu stood on the tower of Shenglou city and spoke insolently. Su ordered Kangsheng to shoot him; aiming at the tower window from afar, he sent an arrow through as the door opened, and Fuhu fell dead. The defenders, seeing the arrow, all thought it must have come from a monstrous crossbow. The Qi general Pei Shuye led a large force to besiege Woyang and relieve Yiyang; the court sent Gao Cong, Yuan Yan, and others to aid the city, but all were defeated and withdrew. The emperor then sent Kangsheng at full speed, and in a single battle he won a crushing victory. When Shouchun surrendered, Kangsheng was sent with a thousand Guards of the Feathered Forest and two imperial stable horses to hurry there. He routed and drove off the enemy generals Huan He and Chen Bozhi. For his merit he was appointed General Who Punishes the Barbarians and enfeoffed as Baron of Anwu. He was sent out as Inspector of Southern Qingzhou.

後梁鬱州遣軍主徐濟寇邊，康生破禽之。時梁聞康生能引強弓，故特作大弓兩張，長八尺，把中圍尺有二寸，箭粗殆如今之長笛，送與康生。康生便集文武，用之平射，猶有餘力。觀者以為絕倫。弓即表送，置之武庫。後梁遣都督臨川王蕭宏勒甲十萬規寇徐州，詔授康生武衛將軍，一戰敗之。還京，召見宴會，賞帛千匹，賜驊騮禦胡馬一匹。出為華州刺史，頗有聲績。轉涇州刺史，以輒用官炭瓦，為御史所劾，削除官爵。尋復之。梁直閣將軍徐玄明戍鬱州，殺其刺史張稷，以城內附，詔康生迎接；賜細禦銀纏槊一張，並棗柰果。面敕曰：「果者果如朕心，棗者早遂朕意。」未發間，郁州刺史復叛。及大舉征蜀，假康生安西將軍，邪趣綿竹。至隴右，宣武崩，班師。

Later Liang's Yuzhou sent the army commander Xu Ji to raid the border; Kangsheng defeated and captured him. Liang had heard that Kangsheng could draw a powerful bow, so they specially made two large bows eight chi long, with a grip a foot and two inches around, and arrows as thick as a modern long flute, and sent them to him. Kangsheng immediately gathered his civil and military officers, drew the bows in level shooting, and still had strength to spare. Onlookers judged the feat unmatched in their time. He memorialized the bows to the throne and they were placed in the armory. Later Liang sent the commander, Prince of Linchuan Xiao Hong, to muster a hundred thousand armored men against Xuzhou; an edict appointed Kangsheng Martial Guard General, and he defeated them in a single battle. On returning to the capital he was summoned to a banquet, rewarded with a thousand bolts of silk, and given one imperial chestnut horse of the Hu breed. He was sent out as Inspector of Huazhou and earned a strong reputation. He was transferred to Inspector of Jingzhou; for arbitrarily using government charcoal and tiles he was impeached by the censor and stripped of office and title. His titles were soon restored. The Liang Direct Gate General Xu Xuanming garrisoned Yuzhou, killed the inspector Zhang Ji, and surrendered the city; an edict ordered Kangsheng to go welcome him; he was granted one fine imperial silver-wrapped spear, together with jujubes and pears. In a face-to-face edict the emperor said, "Fruit—fruit like my heart; jujube—may my intent soon be fulfilled." Before he set out, the inspector of Yuzhou rebelled again. When a great campaign was launched against Shu, Kangsheng was appointed acting General Who Pacifies the West and sent by a side route toward Mianzhu. When he reached Longyou, Emperor Xuanwu died and the army withdrew.

後除相州刺史，在州以天旱令人鞭石季龍畫像，復就西門豹祠祈雨，不獲，令吏取豹舌。未幾，二兒暴喪，身亦遇疾，巫以為季龍、豹之祟。徵拜光祿勳，領右衛將軍，與元叉同謀廢靈太后。遷河南尹，仍右衛、領左右。與子難娶左衛將軍侯剛女，即元叉妹夫也。叉以其通姻，深相委託，三人多宿禁內，或迭出入。叉以康生子難為千牛備身。

Later he was made Inspector of Xiangzhou. During a drought in the province he had men whip a portrait of Shi Jilong and went to the shrine of Ximen Bao to pray for rain; when rain did not come he ordered an official to cut out Bao's tongue. Before long his two sons died suddenly and he himself fell ill; shamans said it was the vengeance of Jilong and Bao. He was summoned as Grand Master of Splendid Happiness and General of the Right Guard, and with Yuan Cha plotted to depose Empress Dowager Ling. He was transferred to Governor of Henan while retaining the Right Guard and directing the Left and Right guards. He and his son Nan married the daughter of the General of the Left Guard Hou Gang, who was Yuan Cha's brother-in-law. Because of the marriage tie Cha deeply entrusted them; the three men often lodged within the forbidden precinct or went in and out in rotation. Cha made Kangsheng's son Nan a Thousand-Ox Guard in attendance.

康生性粗武，言氣高下。叉稍憚之，見於顏色，康生亦微懼不安。正光二年二月，明帝朝靈太后于西林園。文武侍坐，酒酣迭舞。次至康生，乃為力士舞，及於折旋。每顧視太后，舉手蹈足，嗔目頷首，為殺縛之勢。太后解其意而不敢言。日暮，太后欲攜帝宿宣光殿。侯剛曰：「至尊已朝訖，嬪御在南，何勞留宿？」康生曰：「至尊陛下兒，隨陛下將東西，更復訪問誰！」群臣莫敢應。靈太后自起援帝臂，下堂而去；康生大呼唱萬歲於後，近侍皆唱萬歲。明帝引前入閣，左右競相排，閣不得閉。康生奪其子難千牛刀，斫直後元思輔，乃得定。

Kangsheng was rough and martial by nature, and his words and tone rose and fell abruptly. Cha gradually came to fear him, which showed in his expression, and Kangsheng also felt uneasy. In the second month of the second year of Zhengguang, Emperor Ming paid court to Empress Dowager Ling in Xilin Garden. Civil and military officials sat in attendance; when the wine had gone deep they danced in turn. When Kangsheng's turn came, he performed a strongman's dance, even to spinning turns. Each time he looked back at the empress dowager he raised his hands and stamped his feet, glared and nodded, miming the gesture of binding someone for execution. The empress dowager understood his intent but did not dare speak. At dusk the empress dowager wished to take the emperor to lodge in Xuanguang Hall. Hou Gang said, "The Son of Heaven has already finished his audience; the consorts are in the south—why trouble to lodge overnight?" Kangsheng said, "The Son of Heaven is Your Majesty's son; he follows Your Majesty wherever you go—whom else would you consult?" None of the officials dared answer. Empress Dowager Ling herself rose, took the emperor's arm, and went down from the hall; Kangsheng shouted "Long live the emperor!" from behind, and the attendants nearby all shouted "Long live!" Emperor Ming was led forward into the inner gate; attendants jostled one another in the crush and the gate could not be closed. Kangsheng seized his son Nan's Thousand-Ox saber, struck down the Attendant Behind Yuan Sifu, and only then was order restored.

明帝既上殿，康生時有酒勢，將出處分；遂為叉所執，鎖于門下。至曉，叉不出，令侍中、黃門、僕射、尚書等十餘人就康生所，訊其事。處康生斬刑，難處絞刑。叉與剛並在內矯詔決之。康生如奏，難恕死從流。難哭拜辭父。康生忻子免死，慷慨了不悲泣。語其子云：「我不反，死，汝何為哭也？」有司驅逼，奔走赴市，時已昏暗，行刑人注刀數下，不死；於地刻截。咸言稟叉意旨，過至苦痛。嘗食典禦奚混與康生同執刀入內，亦就市絞刑。

After Emperor Ming had ascended the hall, Kangsheng, still flushed with wine, was about to go out to give orders; he was then seized by Cha and locked in the Gate Office. By dawn Cha had not emerged and ordered more than ten Attendants-in-Chief, Yellow Gate officials, Vice Directors, and Directors of the Masters of Writing to go to Kangsheng and examine the matter. Kangsheng was sentenced to decapitation and Nan to strangulation. Cha and Gang were both inside and forged an edict to decide the sentences. Kangsheng was executed as sentenced; Nan's death was pardoned and commuted to exile. Nan wept and bowed in farewell to his father. Kangsheng, glad his son had been spared death, was high-spirited and showed no grief at all. He said to his son, "I did not rebel. I am to die—why do you weep?" The authorities drove him onward; he ran to the execution ground. Night had already fallen; the executioner stabbed several times and still he did not die; On the ground they hacked him apart. All agreed that the executioners had acted on Cha's orders, prolonging his agony beyond what the law required. On one occasion Palace Provision Master Xi Hun had entered with Kangsheng, both with knives in hand; he too was taken to the market and strangled.

康生久為將，及臨州，多所殺戮。而乃信向佛道，每舍居宅立寺塔，凡曆四州，皆有建置。死時年五十四。子難年十八，以侯剛婿，得停百日，竟徙安州。後尚書盧同為行台，叉令殺之。康生於南山立佛圖三層，先死，忽夢崩壞。沙門有為解云：「檀越當不吉利，無人供養佛圖，故崩耳。」康生稱然，竟及於禍。靈太后反政，贈都督冀瀛滄三州諸軍事、驃騎大將軍、司空、冀州刺史，諡曰武貞，又追封壽張縣侯。子剛襲。

Kangsheng had been a general for many years; once he assumed provincial command, he slaughtered people on a large scale. Yet he was a devout Buddhist; wherever he lived he erected temples and pagodas, and in every one of the four provinces he governed he left such monuments behind. He died at the age of fifty-four. His son Nan, eighteen, was Hou Gang's son-in-law; he was granted a hundred-day reprieve before being exiled to Anzhou. Later, when Lu Tong of the Masters of Writing served as Mobile Directorate, Cha ordered Nan executed. Kangsheng had erected a three-story Buddhist pagoda on the southern mountain; shortly before his death he dreamed that it had collapsed. A monk named Youwei offered an interpretation: "Your merit will not end well, Patron—no one will maintain the pagoda, and so it falls in your dream. Kangsheng agreed with this reading—and calamity did indeed befall him. When Empress Ling regained power, Kangsheng was posthumously appointed commander over the military affairs of Ji, Ying, and Cang provinces, made Grand General of Fast Cavalry, Minister of Works, and Inspector of Jizhou, given the posthumous name Wuzhen, and later retroactively enfeoffed as Marquis of Shouzhang. His son Gang inherited the title.

楊大眼，武都氐難當之孫也。少驍捷，跳走如飛。然庶孽，不為宗親顧待，不免饑寒。太和中，起家奉朝請。時將南伐，尚書李沖典選征官，大眼往求焉，沖弗許。大眼曰：「尚書不見知，聽下官出一技。」便出長繩三丈許，系髻而走，繩直如矢，馬馳不及。見者無不驚歎。沖因曰：「千載以來，未有逸材若此者也。」遂用為軍主。大眼顧謂同寮曰：「吾之今日，所謂蛟龍得水之秋。自此一舉，不復與諸君齊列矣。」未幾，遷統軍，從車駕征宛、葉、穰、鄧、九江、鐘離之間，所經戰陣，莫不勇冠六軍。

Yang Dayan was a grandson of Nan Dang, the Di chieftain of Wudu. From boyhood he was fierce and agile; when he ran and leaped he seemed almost to fly. But he was born of a concubine, and the clan gave him little support, so he knew hunger and cold. In the Taihe era he entered service as a Palace Attendant. When a southern campaign was being mounted, Li Chong of the Masters of Writing was selecting officers for it; Dayan applied but Chong turned him down. Dayan said, "Since the Minister does not recognize my worth, allow this lowly officer to show one skill. He took out a rope nearly three zhang long, tied it to his topknot, and ran; the rope stayed straight as an arrow while no horse at full gallop could catch him. Everyone who watched was astonished. Chong thereupon said, "For a thousand years there has been no outstanding talent like this. He was appointed an army commander. Dayan turned to his colleagues and said, "Today for me is what they call the season when the flood dragon meets water. From this one chance I shall no longer rank among you all together. Before long he was promoted to Army Commander-in-Chief and followed the imperial carriage in campaigns among Wan, Ye, Rang, Deng, Jiujiang, and Zhongli; in every battle he fought, his bravery topped the Six Armies.

宣武初，裴叔業以壽春內附，大眼與奚康生等率眾先入，以功封安成縣子。除直閣將軍，出為東荊州刺史。時蠻酋樊秀安等反，詔大眼為別將，隸都督李崇討平之，大眼功尤多。妻潘氏，善騎射，自詣軍省大眼。至攻戰遊獵之際，潘亦戎裝，齊鑣並驅。及至還營，同坐幕下，對諸寮佐，言笑自得。大眼時指謂諸人曰：「此潘將軍也。」

Early in Emperor Xuanwu's reign, Pei Shuye surrendered Shouchun to Wei; Dayan and Xi Kangsheng and others were first into the city and were enfeoffed as Viscount of Ancheng for their service. He was appointed Direct Palace Gate General and went out as Inspector of Eastern Jingzhou. When the barbarian chieftains Fan Xiuan and others rebelled, an edict made Dayan a detached commander under Area Commander Li Chong to suppress them; Dayan's merit was especially great. His wife Lady Pan was skilled at mounted archery and came on her own to join Dayan in camp. In battle and on the hunt alike, Lady Pan donned armor and rode at his side. When they returned to camp, they sat together beneath the tent awning before the staff officers, talking and laughing at ease. Dayan would point at her and tell everyone, "This is General Pan."

梁武遣其將張惠紹總率眾軍，竊據宿豫。又假大眼平東將軍為別將，與都督邢巒討破之。遂與中山王英同圍鐘離。大眼軍城東，守淮橋東西道。屬水泛長，大眼所綰統軍劉神符、公孫祉兩軍夜中爭橋奔退，大眼不能禁，相尋而走。坐徙營州為兵。

Emperor Wu of Liang sent his general Zhang Huishao to lead the armies and seize Suzhou by stealth. Dayan was again given provisional rank as General Who Pacifies the East and made detached commander; with Area Commander Xing Luan he defeated them. He then joined Prince of Zhongshan Yuan Ying in besieging Zhongli. Dayan's army was east of the city, guarding the eastern and western approaches to the Huai Bridge. As floods rose, the Army Commanders Liu Shenfu and Gongsun Zhi under Dayan's command fought at night to cross the bridge and fled; Dayan could not restrain them and they withdrew one after another. For this he was punished by exile to Yingzhou as a common soldier.

永平中，追其前勳，起為試守中山內史。時高肇征蜀，宣武慮梁人侵軼，乃征大眼為太尉長史、持節、假平南將軍、東征別將，隸都督元遙，遏禦淮、肥。大眼至京師，時人思其雄勇，喜於更用，台省門巷，觀者如市。後梁將康絢於浮山遏淮，規浸壽春。明帝加大眼光祿大夫，率諸軍鎮荊山，復其封邑。後與蕭寶夤俱征淮堰，不能克，遂於堰上流鑿渠決水而還。加平東將軍。

In the Yongping era, recalling his earlier merit, he was recalled to serve as provisional Administrator of Zhongshan. When Gao Zhao campaigned in Shu, Emperor Xuanwu feared Liang incursions and summoned Dayan as Chief Administrator to the Grand Commandant, with staff of authority, provisional rank as General Who Pacifies the South, and Eastern Campaign detached commander under Area Commander Yuan Yao to block Liang along the Huai and Fei. When Dayan arrived at the capital, people missed his heroic bravery and rejoiced at his reappointment; the alleys outside offices were packed like a market. Later Liang general Kang Xuan dammed the Huai at Fushan, planning to flood Shouchun. Emperor Xiaoming promoted Dayan to Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, had him lead the armies to garrison Jingshan, and restored his fief. Later he joined Xiao Baoyin in campaigning against the Huai dam but could not capture it; they then cut channels upstream to release the water and withdrew. He was given the additional title General Who Pacifies the East.

大眼撫循士卒，呼為兒子，及見傷痍，為之流泣。自為將帥，恆身先兵士，當其鋒者，莫不摧拉。南賊所遣督將，皆懷畏懼。時傳言淮、泗、荊、沔之間童兒啼者，恐之云「楊大眼至」，無不即止。王肅弟康之初歸國也，謂大眼曰：「在南聞君之名，以為眼如車輪。及見，乃不異於人。」大眼曰：「旗鼓相望，瞋眸奮發，足使君目不能視，何必大如車輪。」當世推其驍果，以為關、張弗之過也。然征淮堰之役，喜怒無常，捶撻過度，軍士頗憾焉。識者以為性移所致。又為荊州刺史，常縛槁為人，衣以青布而射之。召諸蠻渠，指示之曰：「卿等若作賊，吾政如此相殺也。」又北淯郡嘗有虎害，大眼搏而獲之，斬其頭縣於穰市。自是荊蠻相謂曰：「楊公惡人，常作我蠻形以射之。又深山之虎，尚所不免。」遂不敢復為寇盜。在州二年，卒。大眼雖不學，恆遣人讀書而坐聽之，悉皆記識。令作露布，皆口授之，而竟不多識字也。

Dayan comforted his soldiers, calling them his sons; when he saw the wounded he wept for them. As a commander he always led from the front; whoever met his charge was shattered. Every supervising general the southern enemy sent feared him. It was said that among children crying between the Huai, Si, Jing, and Mian rivers, whoever frightened them by saying "Yang Dayan is coming" would at once be silenced. When Wang Su's younger brother Kang, newly returned to the north, said to Dayan, "In the south I heard your name and imagined your eyes were like carriage wheels. Now that I see you, they are no different from anyone else's. Dayan said, "When banners and drums face each other and I glare and rage, that alone will keep your eyes from seeing—why need they be as large as carriage wheels?" His contemporaries praised his fierce valor, deeming him the equal of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. Yet during the Huai dam campaign his moods swung wildly; he beat men excessively and the troops resented it. Those who understood such things attributed it to a change in his temperament. Again serving as Inspector of Jingzhou, he often bound straw into human shapes, dressed them in blue cloth, and shot them. He summoned the barbarian chieftains, pointed at the figures, and said, "If you turn to banditry, this is how I will kill you. In Beiyu commandery there had once been a tiger plague; Dayan wrestled and captured it, cut off its head, and hung it in the market at Rang. From then on the barbarians of Jing said to one another, "That villain Yang Dayan constantly makes figures of us and shoots them. Even the mountain tigers deep in the hills could not escape him. After that they dared not raid again. After two years in the province, he died. Though Dayan was unlettered, he always had someone read aloud while he listened seated, and remembered it all. When he had bulletins of victory drafted, he dictated them all by mouth, yet in the end he knew few written characters.

有三子，長甑生，次領軍，次征南，皆潘氏所生，咸有父風。初，大眼徙營州，潘在洛陽，頗有失行。及為中山，大眼側生女夫趙延寶告之於大眼。大眼怒，幽潘而殺之。後娶繼室元氏。大眼之死也，甑生等問印綬所在。時元始懷孕，自指其腹謂甑生等曰：「開國當我兒襲之，汝等婢子，勿有所望。」甑生等深以為恨。及大眼喪將還京，出於城東七里，營車而宿。夜二更，甑生等開大眼棺，延寶怪而問焉，征南射殺之。元怖，走入水，征南又彎弓將射之。甑生曰：「天下豈有害母之人。」乃止。遂取大眼屍，令人馬上抱之，左右扶挾以叛。荊人畏甑生等驍武，不敢苦追，遂奔梁。

He had three sons: the eldest Zengsheng, the next Lingjun, and the youngest Zhengnan—all born of Lady Pan and all bearing their father's martial bearing. When Dayan was first exiled to Yingzhou, Pan remained in Luoyang and behaved rather improperly. When he became Administrator of Zhongshan, Dayan's son-in-law by a concubine daughter, Zhao Yanbao, reported this to Dayan. Dayan in anger imprisoned Pan and killed her. He later married Lady Yuan as his successor wife. When Dayan died, Zengsheng and the others asked where the seals and cords were. Lady Yuan was pregnant; she pointed to her belly and told Zengsheng and the others, "The founding fief will pass to my son; you servant-born whelps should hope for nothing. Zengsheng and the others deeply resented this. When Dayan's funeral train was to return to the capital, they camped seven li east of the city. At the second watch of the night Zengsheng and the others opened Dayan's coffin; Yanbao wondered and questioned them, and Zhengnan shot him dead. Lady Yuan in terror fled into the water; Zhengnan again bent his bow to shoot her. Zengsheng said, "Under heaven can there be a man who would harm his mother? He stopped him. They then took Dayan's corpse, had men hold it on horseback, supported on either side, and rebelled. The people of Jing feared the fierce courage of Zengsheng and the others and did not press the pursuit; they fled to Liang.

崔延伯，博陵人也。祖壽，于彭城陷入江南。延伯少以武壯聞，仕齊為緣淮遊軍，帶濠口戍主。太和中入魏。常為統帥，膽氣絕人，兼有謀略，積勞稍進。除征虜將軍、荊州刺史，賜爵定陵男。荊州土險，蠻左為寇，每有聚結，延伯輒自討之，莫不摧殄。由是穰土帖然，無敢為患。永平中，轉幽州刺史。

Cui Yanbo was from Boling. His grandfather Shou was captured at Pengcheng and fell into the lands south of the Yangtze. Yanbo was known from youth for martial prowess; he served Qi as a mobile army along the Huai and concurrently as garrison commander at Haokou. In the Taihe era he entered Wei service. He often served as commander-in-chief; his courage surpassed others and he also had strategy; through accumulated service he gradually advanced. He was appointed General Who Captures Barbarians and Inspector of Jingzhou, and enfeoffed as Baron of Dingling. Jingzhou's terrain was rugged and the barbarian tribes raided; whenever they gathered, Yanbo personally campaigned against them and destroyed them without fail. Thereby the lands around Rang were pacified and none dared cause trouble. In the Yongping era he was transferred to Inspector of Youzhou.

梁遣左遊擊將軍趙祖悅率眾偷據硤石，詔延伯為別將，與都督崔亮討之。亮令延伯守下蔡。延伯與別將伊瓫生挾淮為營。延伯遂取車輪，去輞，削銳其輻，兩兩接對，揉竹為糸亙，貫連相屬，並十餘道。橫水為橋，兩頭施大鹿盧，出沒任情，不可燒斫，既斷祖悅走路，又令舟舸不通。由是梁軍不能赴救，祖悅合軍咸見俘虜。于軍拜征南將軍、光祿大夫。

Liang sent Left Mobile Strike General Zhao Zuyue to lead troops and seize Xiashi by stealth; an edict made Yanbo detached commander to join Area Commander Cui Liang in suppressing him. Cui Liang ordered Yanbo to hold Xiaocai. Yanbo and detached commander Yi Mousheng set camp straddling the Huai. Yanbo then took cart wheels, removed the rims, sharpened the spokes, paired them spoke to spoke, twisted bamboo into cords to link them in succession—more than ten such lines in all. He laid them across the water as a bridge, with large capstans at both ends; it could be raised or lowered at will, could neither be burned nor cut—it cut off Zuyue's escape and blocked boats as well. Thus Liang armies could not come to the rescue, and all of Zuyue's combined forces were captured. In the field he was appointed General Who Conquers the South and Grand Master of Splendid Happiness.

延伯與楊大眼等至自淮陽，靈太后幸西林園引見，謂曰：「卿等志尚雄猛，皆國之名將。比平硤石、公私慶快，此乃卿等之功也。但淮堰仍在，宜須預謀，故引卿等，親共量算，各出一圖，以為後計。」大眼對曰：「臣輒謂水陸二道一時俱下，往無不克。」延伯曰：「既對聖顏，答旨宜實。水南水北，各有溝瀆，陸地之計，如何可前。愚臣短見，願聖心思水兵之勤，若給復一年，專習水戰，脫有不虞，召便可用。」靈太后曰：「卿之所言，深是宜要，當敕如請。」二年，除并州刺史。在州貪污，聞於遠近。還為金紫光祿大夫，出為鎮南將軍，行岐州刺史，假征西將軍。賜驊騮馬一匹。正光五年秋，以往在揚州，建淮橋之勳，封當利縣男，改封新豐子。時莫折念生兄天生下隴東寇，征西將軍元志為天生所禽，賊眾甚盛，進屯黑水。詔延伯為使持節、征西將軍、西道都督。行台蕭寶夤與延伯結壘馬嵬，南北相去百餘步。延伯曰：「今當仰為明公參賊勇怯。」延伯選精兵數千，下度黑水，列陣而進，以向賊營。寶夤率騎于水東尋原西北，以示後繼。于時賊眾大盛，水西一里，營營連接。延伯徑至賊壘，揚威脅之，徐而還退。賊以延伯眾少，開營競追，眾過十倍，臨水逼蹙。寶夤親觀之，懼有虧損。延伯不與其戰，身自殿后，抽眾東度，轉運如神。須臾濟盡，徐乃自度。賊徒奪氣，相率還營。寶夤大悅，謂宮屬曰：「崔公，古之關、張也，今年何患不制賊。」延伯馳見寶夤曰：「此賊非老奴敵，公但坐看。」後日，延伯勒眾而出，寶夤為後拒。天生悉眾來戰，延伯身先士卒，陷其前鋒。於是驍銳競進，大破之，俘斬十餘萬，追奔及於小隴。秦賊勁強，諸將所憚，初議遣將，咸雲非延伯無以定之，果能克敵。詔授左衛將軍，余如故。

When Yanbo and Yang Dayan and others returned from Huaiyang, Empress Ling visited the Western Forest Garden to receive them and said, "Your ambitions are fierce and bold—you are all famed generals of the state. The recent pacification of Xiashi has brought joy to court and people alike—this is your achievement. But the Huai dam still stands and must be planned for; therefore I have summoned you to measure and calculate together, each offering a plan for what lies ahead. Dayan replied, "Your servant holds that if land and water forces advance together at once, none can fail to take it." Yanbo said, "Facing the imperial presence, my answer must be honest. South of the water and north of the water each have ditches and canals—how can a land plan advance? Your foolish servant's short view is that Your Majesty should consider the labor of water forces; if granted one year of exemption and devoted training in naval warfare, should anything unexpected arise, they could be summoned and used at once." Empress Ling said, "What you say is very much to the point; it shall be ordered as you request." In the second year he was appointed Inspector of Bingzhou. In the province he was corrupt; word spread far and near. He returned as Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with the Golden Tassel, went out as General Who Guards the South, acting Inspector of Qizhou, and provisional General Who Conquers the West. He was granted one Ferghana horse. In autumn of the fifth year of Zhengguang, for his earlier service at Yangzhou building the Huai bridge, he was enfeoffed as Baron of Dangli and later changed to Viscount of Xinfeng. At that time Moqi Niansheng's elder brother Tiansheng came down from Long eastward to raid; General Who Conquers the West Yuan Zhi was captured by Tiansheng; the rebel host was very strong and advanced to encamp at Heishui. An edict made Yanbo Bearer of the Staff of Authority, General Who Conquers the West, and Western Route Area Commander. Mobile Directorate Xiao Baoyin and Yanbo built camps at Maqi, north and south some hundred-odd paces apart. Yanbo said, "Now I shall on your behalf gauge the enemy's courage and cowardice. Yanbo selected several thousand elite troops, descended and crossed the Heishui, formed ranks and advanced toward the rebel camp. Baoyin led cavalry along the east bank following the high ground northwest to show that reinforcements followed. At that time the rebel forces were very strong; west of the water for a li, camp after camp connected. Yanbo went straight to the rebel ramparts, displayed might and threatened them, then slowly withdrew. The rebels, seeing Yanbo's few troops, opened camp and raced in pursuit; their numbers exceeded his tenfold and they pressed him to the water's edge. Baoyin watched in person and feared losses. Yanbo did not engage them; he personally brought up the rear, drew his troops eastward across the water, wheeling with godlike speed. In a moment all had crossed; only then did he leisurely cross himself. The rebels lost their fighting spirit and withdrew to camp in succession. Baoyin was greatly pleased and told his staff, "Lord Cui is a Guan Yu or Zhang Fei of old—what worry is there this year of not subduing the rebels? Yanbo galloped to see Baoyin and said, "These rebels are no match for this old servant—you need only sit and watch." The next day Yanbo marshaled his troops and went out; Baoyin served as rear guard. Tiansheng came with his full force; Yanbo led from the front and broke their vanguard. Thereupon the fierce elite pressed forward, routed them utterly, captured and killed more than a hundred thousand, and pursued the rout to Xiao Long. The Qin rebels were powerful and the generals feared them; when first discussing whom to send, all said only Yanbo could settle it—and he indeed defeated the enemy. An edict appointed him Left Guard General; the rest unchanged.

于時万俟醜奴、宿勤明達等寇掠涇州。先是盧祖遷、伊瓫生數將，皆以元志前行之始，同時發雍，從六陌道將取高平。志敗，仍停涇部。延伯既破秦賊，乃與寶夤率眾會于安定。甲卒十二萬，鐵馬八千匹，軍威甚盛。時醜奴置營涇州西北七十里當原城。時或輕騎暫來挑戰，大兵未交，便示奔北。延伯矜功負勝，遂唱議先驅。伐木別造大排，內為鎖柱，教習強兵；負而趨走，號為排城。戰士在外，輜重居中，自涇州緣原北上。眾軍將出討賊。未戰之間，有賊數百騎詐持文書，雲是降簿，乞緩師。寶夤、延伯謂其事實，逡巡未鬥。俄而宿勤明達率眾自東北而至，乞降之賊從西競下，諸軍前後受敵。延伯上馬突陣，賊勢摧挫，便爾逐北，徑造其營。賊本輕騎，延伯軍兼步卒，兵力疲怠，賊乃乘間得入排城。延伯軍大敗，死傷者將有二萬。寶夤斂軍退保涇州。延伯修繕器械，購募驍勇，復從涇州西進，去賊彭阬穀柵七里結營。延伯恥前挫辱，不報寶夤，獨出襲賊，大破之。俄頃間平其數柵。賊皆逃迸。見兵人采掠，散亂不整，還來衝突，遂大奔敗。延伯中流矢，為賊所害，士卒死者萬餘人。

At that time Moqi Chounu, Suqin Mingda, and others raided Jingzhou. Earlier Lu Zuqian, Yi Mousheng, and several generals, all at the start of Yuan Zhi's advance, had set out together from Yong along the Liumo road intending to take Gaoping. When Zhi was defeated, they remained in the Jing region. After Yanbo had broken the Qin rebels, he and Baoyin led their hosts to meet at Anding. Armored soldiers numbered a hundred and twenty thousand, iron horses eight thousand—military might was very great. At that time Chounu had encamped seventy li northwest of Jingzhou at Dangyuan. Sometimes light cavalry would come briefly to challenge; before the main forces met, they would feign flight. Yanbo, proud of his merit and confident from victory, then proposed taking the vanguard. He felled trees and specially built great palisades with locking pillars inside, drilling strong troops; they carried them while running—called 'Palisade Fortresses.' Warriors on the outside, baggage in the center—they marched north along the plateau from Jingzhou. The assembled armies were about to march out against the rebels. Before battle, several hundred rebel horsemen fraudulently held documents claiming they were registers of surrender, begging a halt to the advance. Baoyin and Yanbo took it for real and hesitated without fighting. Soon Suqin Mingda led his host from the northeast; the 'surrendering' rebels charged down from the west—the armies were attacked front and rear. Yanbo mounted and charged the formation; rebel momentum was broken and he at once pursued north straight to their camp. The rebels were originally light cavalry; Yanbo's army included foot soldiers whose strength was spent—the rebels seized the opening and entered the palisade fortresses. Yanbo's army was routed; dead and wounded approached twenty thousand. Baoyin gathered his troops and fell back to defend Jingzhou. Yanbo repaired weapons, recruited fierce men, and again advanced west from Jingzhou, encamping seven li from the rebels' Pengkeng Valley palisade. Ashamed of his earlier defeat, Yanbo did not report to Baoyin but went out alone to raid the rebels and routed them. In a brief span he levelled several palisades. The rebels all fled in panic. Seeing the troops looting in disorder, the rebels turned and charged again, and Yanbo's men were routed utterly. Yanbo was struck by a stray arrow and killed by the rebels; more than ten thousand soldiers died.

延伯善將撫，能得眾心，與康生、大眼為諸將之冠。延伯末路，功名尤重。時大寇未平而延伯死，朝野歎懼焉。贈使持節、車騎大將軍、儀同三司、定州刺史，諡曰武烈。

Yanbo was skilled at commanding and comforting men and could win the hearts of the host; with Kangsheng and Dayan he stood at the head of the generals. In his final years Yanbo's fame and merit were especially great. When the great rebels were not yet pacified and Yanbo died, court and people alike lamented and feared. He was posthumously granted Bearer of the Staff of Authority, Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry, Three Analogues, and Inspector of Dingzhou, with posthumous title Wulie.

李叔仁，隴西人也。驍健有武力，前後數從征討，以功賜爵獲城鄉男。梁豫州刺史王超宗內侵，叔仁時為兼統軍，隸揚州刺史薛真度。真度遣叔仁討超宗，大破之。以功累遷洛州刺史，假撫軍將軍。後以軍功封陳郡公，又除光祿大夫、朔州刺史。齊州廣川人劉執、清河太守邵懷，聚眾反，自署大行台。詔叔仁為都督，討平之。除鎮西將軍、金紫光祿大夫，轉車騎大將軍、儀同三司。邢果反于青州，叔仁為大都督，出討於淮，失利而還。永安三年，坐事除名，尋復官爵。節閔帝初，加散騎常侍、開府。後除涼州刺史。遣使密通款於東魏，事覺見殺。叔仁所用之槊，長大異于常槊，時人壯之。

Li Shuren was from Longxi. Fierce and strong with martial prowess, he followed campaigns time and again and for merit was enfeoffed as Baron of Huocheng Township. When Liang Inspector of Yuzhou Wang Chaozong invaded inward, Shuren was then concurrent Army Commander-in-Chief under Yangzhou Inspector Xue Zhendu. Zhendu sent Shuren against Chaozong and routed him. For merit he was promoted in succession to Inspector of Luozhou and given provisional rank as General Who Pacifies the Armies. Later for military merit he was enfeoffed as Duke of Chen commandery and appointed Grand Master of Splendid Happiness and Inspector of Shuozhou. Liu Zhi of Guangchuan in Qizhou and Qinghe Administrator Shao Huai gathered followers and rebelled, proclaiming themselves a Mobile Grand Secretariat. An edict made Shuren Area Commander to suppress and pacify them. He was appointed General Who Guards the West and Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with the Golden Tassel, then transferred to Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry and Three Analogues. When Xing Guo rebelled in Qingzhou, Shuren was made Grand Area Commander, marched out against him at the Huai, suffered defeat, and returned. In the third year of Yong'an he was stripped of rank for an offense; soon his title and office were restored. At the start of Emperor Jiemin's reign he was given the additional titles Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary and Director of an Area Command. He was later appointed Inspector of Liangzhou. He sent envoys secretly to communicate submission with Eastern Wei; when the matter was discovered he was executed. The spear Shuren used was long and large, unlike ordinary spears; people of the time admired it.

論曰：韓茂、皮豹子、封敕文、呂羅漢、孔伯恭之為將也，皆以沈勇篤實，仁厚扶眾，功成事立，不徒然矣。與夫苟要一戰之利，僥倖暫勝之名，豈同年而語也。田益宗蠻夷荒帥，翻然效款，終於懷金曳紫，不其美歟。孟表之致名位，不徒然也。夫人主聞鞞鼓之響，則思將帥之臣，何則？夷難平暴，折沖禦侮，為國之所系也。奚康生等俱以熊虎之姿，奮征伐之氣，亦一時之驍猛，壯士之功名乎。

Commentary: Han Mao, Pi Baozi, Feng Chiwen, Lu Luohan, and Kong Bogong as generals all relied on deep courage, solid truthfulness, and benevolent care for the host; their achievements and deeds stood—not in vain. Compared with those who grasp only the profit of one battle or the name of a lucky fleeting victory—how can they be spoken of in the same breath? Tian Yizong, a barbarian chieftain of the wilderness, turned and offered allegiance, and in the end wore gold seals and purple cords—is this not fine? Meng Biao's attainment of fame and rank was not in vain. When a ruler hears the sound of drums and battle, he thinks of his generals—why is this? To pacify hardship and suppress violence, to break the enemy's charge and repel insult—the state depends on these things. Xi Kangsheng and the others all possessed the bearing of tiger and bear, exerting the spirit of expedition—also for their time fierce and bold, the achievements and fame of warriors.

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