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裴叔業夏侯道遷李元護席法友王世弼江悅之淳于誕沈文秀張讜李苗劉藻傅永傅竪眼張烈李叔彪路恃慶房亮曹世表潘永基朱元旭
Pei Shuye, Xiahou Daoqian, Li Yuanhu, Xi Fayou, Wang Shibi, Jiang Yuezhi, Chunyu Dan, Shen Wenxiu, Zhang Dang, Li Miao, Liu Zao, Fu Yong, Fu Shuyan, Zhang Lie, Li Shubiao, Lu Shiqing, Fang Liang, Cao Shibiao, Pan Yongji, and Zhu Yuanxu
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列傳第三十三
Biographies 33
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裴叔業夏侯道遷李元護席法友王世弼江悅之淳于誕沈文秀張讜李苗劉藻傅永傅豎眼張烈李叔彪路恃慶房亮曹世表潘永基硃元旭
Pei Shuye, Xiahou Daoqian, Li Yuanhu, Xi Fayou, Wang Shibi, Jiang Yuezhi, Chunyu Dan, Shen Wenxiu, Zhang Dang, Li Miao, Liu Zao, Fu Yong, Fu Shuyan, Zhang Lie, Li Shubiao, Lu Shiqing, Fang Liang, Cao Shibiao, Pan Yongji, and Zhu Yuanxu
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齊帝崩，廢帝即位。 誅大臣，都下屢有變發。 叔業登壽春城，北望肥水，謂部下曰：「卿等欲富貴乎？ 我言富貴亦可辦耳。」 未幾，見徙南袞州刺史。 會陳顯達圍建鄴，叔業遣司馬李元護應之，及顯達敗而還。 叔業慮內難未已，不願為南兗州。 齊廢主嬖臣茹法珍、王咺之等疑其有異，去來者並雲叔業北入。 叔業兄子植、ＩＲ、瑜、粲等棄母奔壽陽。 法珍等以其既在疆場，且欲羈縻之，白齊主，遣中書舍人裴穆慰誘之，許不須回換。 叔業雖得停，而憂懼不已。 時梁武帝為雍州刺史，叔業遣親人馬文范以自安之計訪之梁武帝，曰：「雍州若能堅據襄陽，輒當戮力自保。 若不爾，回面向北，不失河南公。」 梁武報曰：「唯應送家還都以安慰之，自然無患。 若意外相逼，當勒馬二萬人，直出橫江，以斷其後，則天下事一舉可定。 若欲北向，彼必遣人相代，以河北一地相處，河南公寧復可得？ 如此，則南歸望絕矣。」 叔業沉疑未決，遣信詣豫州刺史薛真度，訪入北之宜。 真度答書，盛陳朝廷風化。 叔業乃遣子芬之及兄女夫韋伯昕奉表內附。
When the Qi emperor died, the deposed emperor came to the throne. He put senior ministers to death, and uprisings kept breaking out in the capital. Shuye mounted the walls of Shouchun and gazed north across the Fei River. He said to his officers, "Do you want wealth and rank? If you follow my lead, wealth and rank are within reach. Before long he was reassigned as Governor of Southern Yan Province. When Chen Xianda besieged Jianye, Shuye sent his chief of staff Li Yuanhu to his aid; Yuanhu returned once Xianda had been defeated. Shuye feared the court turmoil would not end and was reluctant to accept the post in Southern Yan. The deposed emperor's favorites Ru Fazhen and Wang Xuazhi suspected him of disloyalty, and everyone passing through said Shuye meant to defect to the north. Shuye's nephews Zhi, Yang, Yu, Can, and others left their mother behind and fled to Shouyang. Because Shuye already held the frontier and they wanted to keep him tied to them, Fazhen and his faction persuaded the Qi ruler to send Palace Attendant Pei Mu to reassure him and promise he would not be transferred away. Shuye was allowed to stay in place, but his anxiety never lifted. Emperor Wu of Liang was then Governor of Yong Province. Shuye sent his kinsman Ma Wenfan to ask his advice, saying, "If you can hold Xiangyang firmly, I will join you in defending ourselves. If not, by turning north I can still become Duke of Henan. Emperor Wu replied, "Send your family back to the capital to reassure the court, and you will have nothing to fear. If they force your hand, I will raise twenty thousand horsemen, strike out through Hengjiang, and cut their retreat; the empire can then be settled at a stroke. If you turn north, they will send someone to replace you and park you on some patch north of the river. Do you really think you would still be made Duke of Henan? That way you would lose any chance of ever returning south. Shuye remained undecided. He sent a messenger to Xue Zhendu, Governor of Yu Province, to ask whether defecting north was wise. Zhendu wrote back at length praising the northern court's civilized rule. Shuye then sent his son Fenzhi and his brother's son-in-law Wei Boxin with a memorial offering submission to the north.
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景明元年正月，宣武詔授叔業持節、散騎常侍、都督、豫州刺史、征南將軍，封蘭陵郡公。 又賜叔業璽書，遣彭城王勰、尚書令王肅赴接。 軍未度淮，叔業病卒，李元護、席法友等推叔業兄子植監州事。 詔贈叔業驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司，諡忠武公，給東園溫明秘器。
In the first month of Jingming year 1, Emperor Xuanwu appointed Shuye Bearer of the Staff, Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry, regional commander, Governor of Yu Province, and General Who Conquers the South, and enfeoffed him as Duke of Lanling. He also sent Shuye an imperial letter under seal and dispatched Prince Xie of Pengcheng and Director of the Imperial Secretariat Wang Su to welcome him. Before the army crossed the Huai, Shuye died of illness. Li Yuanhu, Xi Fayou, and others put his nephew Zhi in charge of the province. An edict posthumously made him Grand General of Agile Cavalry with Grand Master privileges, gave him the posthumous name Loyal Martial Duke, and granted the imperial funerary regalia.
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子蒨之，字文德，仕齊，隨郡王左常侍，先卒。
His son Qianzhi, courtesy name Wende, served Qi as Left Regular Attendant to the Prince of Suixian and died before his father.
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子譚紹封。 譚粗險好殺，所乘牛馬為小驚逸，手自殺之。 然孝事諸叔，盡于子道，國祿歲入，每以分贍，世以此稱之。 位輔國將軍、中散大夫。 卒，贈南豫州刺史，諡曰敬。
His son Tan inherited the title. Tan was brutal and bloodthirsty; if a mount he rode was even slightly startled and bolted, he killed it himself. Yet he treated his uncles with filial devotion and shared his stipend with them each year, for which contemporaries praised him. He rose to General Who Assists the State and Palace Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry. When he died he was posthumously made Governor of Southern Yu Province, with the posthumous name Respectful.
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子測，字伯源，襲。 曆通直散騎侍郎，天平中，走於關中。
His son Ce, courtesy name Boyuan, inherited the title. He served as Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry in Direct Service and fled to Guanzhong during the Tianping era.
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蒨之弟芬之，字文馥，長者好施，篤愛諸弟。 仕齊，位羽林監。 入魏，以父勳封上蔡伯。 為東秦州刺史，在州有清靜稱。 後徙封山茌縣，遷岐州刺史。 為隴賊所圍，城陷，賊以送上邽，為莫折念生所害，贈青州刺史。
Qianzhi's younger brother Fenzhi, courtesy name Wenfu, was generous and deeply devoted to his brothers. He served Qi as Supervisor of the Forest of Feathers. After entering Wei he was enfeoffed as Earl of Shangcai in recognition of his father's service. As Governor of Eastern Qin Province he earned a reputation for clean and orderly rule. Later his fief was moved to Shanzhi County and he was appointed Governor of Qi Province. Longyou rebels besieged him; when the city fell they sent him to Shanggui, where Mo Zhe Niansheng had him killed. He was posthumously made Governor of Qing Province.
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芬之弟藹之，字幼重，性輕率，好琴書。 其內弟柳諧善鼓琴，藹之師而微不及也。 位汝陽太守。
Fenzhi's younger brother Aizhi, courtesy name Youzhong, was impulsive by nature and loved music and books. His brother-in-law Liu Xie was an excellent zither player; Aizhi studied under him but never quite matched him. He became Administrator of Ruyang.
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叔業長兄子彥先，少有志尚。 叔業以壽春入魏，彥先封雍丘縣子，位勃海相。 卒，諡曰惠恭。
Shuye's nephew Yanxian had shown ambition from youth. When Shuye surrendered Shouchun to Wei, Yanxian was enfeoffed as Viscount of Yongqiu and appointed Chancellor of Bohai. When he died he received the posthumous name Kind and Respectful.
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彥先子約，字元儉，性頗剛鯁，後襲爵。 冀州大乘賊起，敕為別將，行勃海郡事，城陷見害。
Yanxian's son Yue, courtesy name Yuanjian, was stubborn and upright by nature and later inherited the title. When the Dasheng rebels rose in Ji Province, he was appointed Separate Commander and put in charge of Bohai; the city fell and he was killed.
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長子英起，武定末洛州刺史。 英起弟威起，卒于齊王府中兵參軍，贈鴻臚少卿。
His eldest son Yingqi became Governor of Luo Province late in the Wuding era. Yingqi's younger brother Weiqi died as Army Controller in the Prince of Qi's household and was posthumously made Junior Director of the Court for Dependencies.
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彥先弟絢，揚州中從事。 時揚州霖雨，水入城，刺史李崇居城上，系船憑焉。 絢率城南人數千家氵凡舟南走高原。 謂崇還北，遂與別駕鄭祖起等送子十四人于梁。 崇勒水軍討之，眾潰見獲，投水而死。
Yanxian's younger brother Xuan served as Middle Attendant of Yang Province. Yang Province was then deluged by rain; floodwater entered the city, and Governor Li Chong took refuge on the wall with his boat moored beside him. Xuan led several thousand households from the south of the city in boats southward to the high ground. Believing Chong would retreat north, he and Vice Administrator Zheng Zuqi and others sent fourteen sons as hostages to Liang. Chong led the river fleet against him; Xuan's force was routed and he was taken, then drowned himself.
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植字文遠，叔業兄叔寶子也。 少而好學，覽綜經史，尤長釋典，善談理義。 隨叔業在壽春。 叔業卒，席法友、柳玄達等共舉植監州。 秘叔業喪問，教命處分，皆出於植。 於是開門納魏軍。 詔以植為袞州刺史、崇義縣侯，入為大鴻臚卿。 後以長子昕南叛，有司處之大辟，詔特恕其罪，以表勳誠。 尋除授揚州大中正，出為瀛州刺史，再遷度支尚書，加金紫光祿大夫。
Zhi, courtesy name Wenyuan, was the son of Shuye's elder brother Shubao. From youth he loved learning, read widely in the classics and histories, excelled in Buddhist texts, and was skilled in doctrinal debate. He followed Shuye at Shouchun. After Shuye died, Xi Fayou, Liu Xuanda, and others jointly put Zhi in charge of the province. He kept Shuye's death secret, and all orders and arrangements came from Zhi himself. He then opened the gates and admitted the Wei army. An edict appointed him Governor of Yan Province and Marquis of Chongyi, then brought him to court as Grand Master for Ceremonial. Later, when his eldest son Xin defected to the south, the authorities sentenced him to death, but an edict specially pardoned him in recognition of the family's service. He was soon made Chief Rectifier of Yang Province, then Governor of Ying Province, then Minister of Revenue with the additional rank of Grand Master of the Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon.
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植性非柱石，所為無恆。 袞州之還也，表請解官，隱于嵩山，宣武不許，深以為怪。 然公私集論，自言人門不後王肅，怪朝廷處之不高。 及為尚書，志意頗滿，欲以政事為己任，謂人曰：「非我須尚書，尚書亦須我。」 辭氣激揚，見於言色。 及入參議論，時對眾官，面有譏毀。 又表毀征南將軍田益宗，言華夷異類，不應在百世衣冠之上。 率多侵侮，皆此類也。 侍中于忠、黃門元昭覽之切齒，寢而不奏。 韋伯昕告植欲謀廢黜。 尚書又奏，羊祉告植姑子皇甫仲達，雲受植旨，遂詐稱被詔，率合部曲，欲圖領軍於忠。 時忠專權，既構成其禍，又矯詔殺之，朝野稱冤。 臨終，神志自若，遺令子弟，命盡之後，剪落鬚髮，被以法服，以沙門禮葬于嵩高之陰。
Zhi was no pillar of stability and acted without constancy. After returning from Yan Province he asked to resign and retire to Mount Song; Emperor Xuanwu refused and was deeply puzzled. In public and private he claimed his family was no lesser than Wang Su's and complained that the court had not promoted him high enough. Once he became Minister of Revenue he was quite pleased with himself and wanted to run affairs in his own way. He told people, "It is not that the ministry needs me—the ministry needs me. His tone was heated, and it showed in his face and voice. In council he would openly mock and insult other officials to their faces. He also submitted a memorial attacking General Who Conquers the South Tian Yizong, claiming that as a man of mixed Chinese and barbarian origin he should not rank above old aristocratic families. Most of his conduct was arrogant and insulting in this vein. Attendant-in-Ordinary Yu Zhong and Yellow Gate Yuan Zhao read it with clenched teeth and suppressed it without forwarding it to the throne. Wei Boxin accused Zhi of plotting to depose the emperor. The ministry also reported that Yang Zhi had accused Zhi's nephew by marriage Huangfu Zhongda of acting on Zhi's orders, falsely claiming an imperial edict, gathering his followers, and plotting against Commander-in-Chief Yu Zhong. Zhong then held sole power; having framed Zhi, he forged an edict and had him executed, and the court and the people called it a gross injustice. At the end he remained composed. He instructed his sons that after his death they should shave his head and beard, dress him in monastic robes, and bury him on the northern slope of Mount Song according to Buddhist rites.
17
初，植與僕射郭祚、都水使者韋俊等同時見害。 後祚、俊事雪加贈，而植追復封爵而已。 植故吏勃海刁沖上疏訟之，於是贈尚書僕射、揚州刺史，乃改葬。
Zhi had been killed at the same time as Vice Director Guo Zuo and Commissioner of Waterways Wei Jun. Later Guo Zuo and Wei Jun were cleared and given posthumous honors, while Zhi received only restoration of his title. His former subordinate Diao Chong of Bohai submitted a memorial on his behalf; Zhi was then posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Secretariat and Governor of Yang Province, and was reburied.
18
植母，夏侯道遷姊也。 性甚剛峻，于諸子皆如嚴君。 長成後，非衣幍不見，小有罪過，必束帶伏門，經五三日乃引見之，督以嚴訓。 唯少子衍得以常服見之，旦夕溫凊。 植在瀛州也，其母年逾七十，以身為婢，自施三寶，布衣麻菲，手執箕帚於沙門寺掃灑。 植弟瑜、粲、衍並亦奴僕之服，泣涕而從，有感道俗。 諸子各以布帛數百贖免其母，於是出家為比丘。 入嵩高積歲，乃還家。 植既長嫡，母又年老，其在州數歲，以妻子自隨。 雖自州送祿奉母及贍諸弟，而各別資財，同居異爨，一門數灶，蓋亦染江南之俗也。 論者譏焉。
Zhi's mother was the elder sister of Xiahou Daoqian. She was stern by nature and treated all her sons like a strict father would. Once they were grown she would see them only when properly dressed; for minor faults she made them kneel bound at the door for three to five days before receiving them again and lecturing them sternly. Only her youngest son Yan was allowed to visit her in everyday clothes and attend her morning and evening. While Zhi was in Ying Province, his mother, past seventy, made herself a temple servant, devoted herself to the Three Jewels, dressed in plain hemp, and swept the floors of a Buddhist monastery with broom in hand. Zhi's brothers Yu, Can, and Yan also dressed as servants and followed her weeping, moving monks and laypeople alike. The sons each paid several hundred bolts of cloth to ransom her from service, after which she took monastic vows. She spent years on Mount Song before returning home. As the eldest son and with an aged mother, he took his wife and children with him during his years in the province. Although he sent his stipend from the province to support his mother and brothers, each kept separate property; they lived under one roof but cooked separately, with several kitchens in the household—a Jiangnan custom, critics said. Commentators ridiculed them for it.
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植弟颺，壯果有謀略。 在齊，以軍功位驍騎將軍。 入魏，為南司州刺史，封義陽縣伯。 詔命未至，為賊所殺，進爵為侯。 宣武以颺勳效未立而卒，其子烱不得襲封。 明帝初，烱行貨于執事，乃封城平縣伯。
Zhi's younger brother Yang was bold, resolute, and resourceful. In Qi he rose through military merit to General of Valiant Cavalry. After entering Wei he became Governor of Southern Si Province and was enfeoffed as Earl of Yiyang. Before his appointment edict arrived he was killed by bandits; his rank was posthumously raised to marquis. Because Yang had died before his merit was fully established, Emperor Xuanwu would not let his son Jiong inherit the title. Early in Emperor Ming's reign Jiong bribed those in power and was enfeoffed as Earl of Chengping.
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烱字休光，小字黃頭，頗有文學，善事權門。 領軍元叉納其金帛，除鎮遠將軍、散騎常侍、揚州大中正，進爵為侯，改封高城。 尋兼尚書右丞，出為東郡太守，為城人所害。 贈散騎常侍、青州刺史，諡曰簡。
Jiong, courtesy name Xiuguang, childhood name Yellow Head, was literarily accomplished and adept at courting the powerful. Commander-in-Chief Yuan Cha accepted his gifts of gold and silk and appointed him General Who Pacifies the Distance, Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry, and Chief Rectifier of Yang Province, raised him to marquis, and moved his fief to Gaocheng. Shortly afterward he was also appointed Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing, then sent out as Governor of Dong Commandery, where he was killed by insurgents within the city. He was posthumously honored as Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry and Governor of Qing Province, with the posthumous epithet Jian (Concise).
21
颺弟瑜，字文琬，封下密縣子，試守滎陽郡，坐虐暴殺人免官。 後徙封灌津子，卒于勃海太守，贈豫州刺史，諡曰定。
Yang's younger brother Yu, courtesy name Wenwan, was enfeoffed as Viscount of Xiami County and served as acting Administrator of Xingyang Commandery until he was removed from office for brutal murders. Later his title was changed to Viscount of Guanjin. He died while serving as Governor of Bohai and was posthumously named Governor of Yu Province, with the posthumous epithet Ding (Settled).
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瑜弟粲，字文亮，封舒縣子。 沉重善風儀，頗以驕豪為失。 曆正平、恆農二郡太守。 高陽王雍曾以事屬粲，粲不從，雍甚為恨。 後因九日馬射，敕畿內太守皆赴京師，雍時為州牧，粲修謁，雍含怒待之。 粲神情閑邁，舉止抑揚，雍目而不覺解顏。 及坐定，謂粲曰：「可更為一行。」 粲便下席為行，從容而出。 坐事免。 後宣武聞粲善自標置，欲觀其風度，令傳詔就家急召之，須臾間，使者相屬，闔家恇懼，不測所以，粲更恬然，神色不變。 帝歎異之。 時僕射高肇以外戚之貴，勢傾一時，朝士見者，咸望塵拜謁。 粲候肇，唯長揖而已。 及還，家人尤責之，粲曰：「何可自同凡俗也。」 又曾詣清河王懌，下車始進，便屬暴雨，粲容步舒雅，不以霑、濡改節。 懌乃令人持蓋覆之，歎謂左右曰：「何代無奇人！」 性好釋學，親升講座，雖持義未精，而風韻可重。 但不涉經史，終為知音所輕。
Yu's younger brother Can, courtesy name Wenliang, was enfeoffed as Viscount of Shu County. He was grave and dignified, with excellent bearing and manners, though his pride and arrogance were widely regarded as failings. He served in turn as Administrator of Zhengping and Hengnong commanderies. Prince Yong of Gaoyang once asked Can to handle a matter on his behalf, but Can refused, and Yong took a deep dislike to him. Later, at the Double Ninth Festival horse-archery event, an edict summoned all administrators of the capital region to the capital. Yong was then Regional Inspector; when Can came to pay his respects, Yong received him with barely concealed anger. Can's bearing was serene and lofty, his gestures poised and expressive. Yong watched him and, without realizing it, broke into a smile. Once they were seated, he said to Can, "Give us another round. Can left his seat to perform the toast and withdrew with unhurried grace. He was dismissed from office over the incident. Later Emperor Xuanwu heard that Can had a gift for self-presentation and wished to see his bearing for himself, so he ordered an urgent summons to Can's home. Within moments messengers arrived one after another. The entire household was terrified, unable to guess the reason, but Can grew only calmer, his expression unchanged. The emperor marveled at him. At that time Deputy Director Gao Zhao, elevated by his ties to the imperial consort clan, dominated the court. Officials who encountered him would bow from afar before the dust of his carriage even settled. When Can called on Zhao, he offered only a formal bow with folded hands. When he returned home, his family reproached him sharply. Can said, "How could I make myself common like everyone else? On another occasion he called on Prince Yi of Qinghe. He had just stepped down from his carriage and begun to enter when a violent rainstorm broke. Can kept his pace serene and elegant, unaltered by being drenched and soaked through. Yi then had someone hold an umbrella over him and sighed to his attendants, "In what age are there not extraordinary men! He was devoted to Buddhist learning and would himself mount the lecture seat. Though his command of doctrine was not deep, his presence and manner commanded respect. But because he did not engage with the classics and histories, men of discernment ultimately held him in less esteem.
23
後為揚州大中正、中書令。 明帝釋奠，以為侍講，轉金紫光祿大夫。 元顥入洛，以粲為西袞州刺史，尋為濮陽太守崔巨倫所逐，棄州入嵩高山。 節閔帝初，復為中書令。 後正月晦，帝出臨洛濱，粲起御前，再拜上壽酒。 帝曰：「昔北海入朝，暫竊神器，爾日卿戒之以酒； 今欲我飲，何異於往情？」 粲曰：「北海志在沈湎，故諫其所失，陛下齊聖溫克，臣敢獻微誠。」 帝曰：「甚愧來譽。」 仍為命酌。 孝武初，出為驃騎大將軍、膠州刺史。 屬時亢旱，土人勸令禱於海神。 粲憚違眾人，乃為祈請，直據胡床，舉杯曰：「僕白君。」 左右云：「前後例皆拜謁。」 粲曰：「五嶽視三公，四瀆視諸侯，安有方伯致禮海神。」 卒不肯拜。 時青州叛賊耿翔寇亂三齊，粲唯高譚虛論，不事防禦之術。 翔乘其無備，掩襲州城。 左右白言賊至，粲云：「豈有此理！」 左右又言「已入州門！」 粲乃徐云：「耿王可引上聽事，自餘部眾，且付城人。」 不達時變如此。 尋為翔害，送首于梁。
He later served as Chief Rectifier of Yang Province and Director of the Secretariat. When Emperor Ming performed the ceremonial libation at the imperial academy, Can was appointed Lecturer-in-Attendance and later promoted to Grand Master of the Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon. When Yuan Hao entered Luoyang, Can was appointed Governor of Western Yan Province, but soon Cui Julun, Administrator of Puyang, drove him out. He abandoned the province and withdrew into Mount Song. At the start of Emperor Jiemin's reign he was again appointed Director of the Secretariat. Later, on the last day of the first month, the emperor went out to the banks of the Luo River. Can rose before the imperial seat, bowed twice, and presented a cup of longevity wine. The emperor said, "When Beihai came to court in the past, he briefly seized the imperial regalia. On that day you admonished him with wine. Now you want me to drink. How is that different from before? Can replied, "Beihai was intent on drowning himself in wine, so I admonished him for his excess. Your Majesty is sage-like, gentle and self-restrained—I dare offer this small token of loyalty." The emperor said, "I am deeply embarrassed by such praise." He then ordered wine to be served. At the start of Emperor Xiaowu's reign he was sent out as General of Agile Cavalry and Governor of Jiao Province. A severe drought struck the region, and the local people urged him to pray to the Sea God. Unwilling to defy public opinion, he performed the prayer, sat upright on a folding camp chair, raised his cup, and said, "Your servant speaks to you, lord. His attendants said, "By precedent everyone has always bowed in obeisance." Can said, "The Five Marchmounts are treated as the equals of the Three Dukes, and the Four Watercourses as the equals of feudal lords. How could a regional governor bow to the Sea God?" In the end he refused to bow. At that time the Qing Province rebel Geng Xiang was ravaging the Three Qi region, while Can indulged only in lofty talk and empty theorizing, neglecting all measures of defense. Xiang took advantage of his unpreparedness and launched a surprise attack on the provincial capital. His attendants reported that rebels had arrived. Can said, "That cannot be! His attendants again cried, "They have already entered the provincial gate!" Can then said calmly, "Prince Geng may be shown to the reception hall. As for the rest of his troops, leave them to the city garrison for now." Such was his failure to grasp the realities of the moment. Before long he was killed by Xiang, and his head was sent to the Liang court.
24
子含，字文若，員外散騎侍郎。
His son Han, courtesy name Wenruo, served as External Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry.
25
粲弟衍，字文舒，學識優於諸兄，才亦過之。 事親以孝聞，兼有將略。 仕齊，位陰平太守。 歸魏，授通直郎，衍堅辭朝命，上表請隱嵩高。 詔從之。 宣武末稍以出山，幹祿執事。 從曆建興、河內二郡太守。 曆二郡，廉貞寡欲，善撫百姓，人吏追思之。 孝昌初，梁將曹敬宗寇荊州。 詔衍為別將，與恆農太守王羆救荊州。 衍大破之，荊州圍解。 除北道都督，鎮鄴西之武城，封安陽縣子。 時相州刺史安樂王鑒潛圖叛逆，衍覺其有異，密表陳之。 尋而鑒所部別將嵇宗馳驛告變，乃詔衍與都督源子邕、李神軌等討鑒，平之。 除相州刺史、北道大都督，進封臨汝縣公。 詔衍與子邕北討葛榮，軍敗見害。 贈車騎大將軍、司空、相州刺史。 子嵩襲。
Can's younger brother Yan, courtesy name Wenshu, surpassed his elder brothers in learning and knowledge, and in talent as well. He was renowned for filial devotion to his parents and also possessed military talent. He served in Qi as Administrator of Yinping. After defecting to Wei he was appointed Palace Attendant of Direct Communication, but Yan firmly declined the court appointment and submitted a memorial asking to live in seclusion on Mount Song. The emperor approved his request. Near the end of Emperor Xuanwu's reign he gradually emerged from seclusion and took up official service for salary and rank. He served in turn as Administrator of Jianxing and Henei commanderies. In both commanderies he was incorruptible and frugal, skilled at caring for the people. Officials and commoners alike cherished his memory long afterward. At the start of the Xiaochang era, the Liang general Cao Jingzong invaded Jing Province. An edict appointed Yan a separate commander, and together with Wang Pi, Administrator of Hengnong, he marched to relieve Jing Province. Yan inflicted a crushing defeat on the invaders and lifted the siege of Jing Province. He was appointed Commander of the Northern Route, stationed at Wucheng west of Ye, and enfeoffed as Viscount of Anyang County. At that time Prince Jian of Anle, Regional Inspector of Xiang Province, was secretly plotting rebellion. Yan sensed something amiss and submitted a confidential memorial reporting it. Before long Jian's subordinate Separate Commander Ji Zong raced by post relay to report the revolt. An edict then ordered Yan, together with the commanders Yuan Ziyong, Li Shengui, and others, to campaign against Jian and suppress the rebellion. He was appointed Regional Inspector of Xiang Province and Grand Commander of the Northern Route, and his title was advanced to Duke of Linru County. An edict ordered Yan and Ziyong to campaign north against Ge Rong. Their army was defeated and Yan was killed in battle. He was posthumously honored as General of the Chariots and Cavalry, Minister of Works, and Regional Inspector of Xiang Province. His son Song inherited the title.
26
叔業之歸魏，又有尹挺、柳玄達、韋伯昕、皇甫光、梁祐、崔高容、閻慶胤、柳僧習並預其功。
When Shuye defected to Wei, Yin Ting, Liu Xuanda, Wei Boxin, Huangfu Guang, Liang You, Cui Gaorong, Yan Qingyin, and Liu Sengxi also shared in his achievement.
27
尹挺，天水冀人，仕齊，位陳郡太守。 與叔業參謀歸誠，曆南司州刺史。
Yin Ting, a native of Ji in Tianshui, served in Qi as Administrator of Chen Commandery. He joined Shuye in planning the defection and later served as Regional Inspector of Southern Si Province.
28
柳玄達，河東解人，頗涉經史，仕齊，諸王參軍。 與叔業姻婭周旋。 叔業獻款，玄達贊成其計。 入魏，除司徒諮議參軍，封南頓縣子。 卒，改封夏陽縣，子絳襲。 絳弟遠，字季雲，性粗放無拘檢，時人或謂之柳癲。 好彈琴耽酒，時有文詠。 孝武初，除儀同、開府參軍事。 情琴酒之間，每出行返，家人或問消息，答云：「無所聞，縱聞亦不解。」 後客遊卒。 玄達弟玄瑜，位陰平太守，卒。 子諧，頗有文學，善鼓琴，以新聲手勢，京師士子翕然從學。 除著作佐郎，于河陰遇害。
Liu Xuanda, a native of Jie in Hedong, was well versed in the classics and histories and served in Qi as a staff officer to the imperial princes. He moved in the same marriage circles as Shuye and was closely acquainted with him. When Shuye offered his allegiance to Wei, Xuanda helped bring the plan to fruition. After entering Wei he was appointed Consulting Staff Officer to the Minister of Education and enfeoffed as Viscount of Nandun County. He died, and his fief was changed to Xiayang County. His son Jiang inherited the title. Jiang's younger brother Yuan, courtesy name Jiyun, was by nature rough and unrestrained. People of the time sometimes called him Mad Liu. He loved playing the zither and drinking wine, and from time to time composed literary verses. At the start of Emperor Xiaowu's reign he was appointed Peer of the First Rank and Staff Officer of the Opening Office. Absorbed in his zither and wine, whenever he went out and returned his family would sometimes ask what news he had heard. He would answer, "I heard nothing—and even if I did, I wouldn't understand it. He later died while traveling abroad. Xuanda's younger brother Xuanyu served as Administrator of Yinping and died in office. His son Xie was accomplished in letters and skilled at the zither. With his novel melodies and playing gestures, the young gentlemen of the capital flocked to study under him. He was appointed Assistant Gentleman of the Masters of Writing and was killed at Heyin.
29
韋伯昕，京兆杜陵人，學尚有壯氣。 自以才智優於裴植，常輕之，植嫉之如仇。 即彥先之妹夫也。 叔業以其有大志，故遣子芬之為質。 入魏，封零陵縣男，曆南陽太守，坐事免。 後拜員外散騎常侍，加中壘將軍。 告裴植謀為廢黜，植坐死。 後百餘日，伯昕亦病卒。 臨亡，見植為祟，口云：「裴尚書死，不獨見由，何以見怒？」
Wei Boxin, a native of Duling in Jingzhao, was learned and possessed a bold spirit. He considered himself cleverer than Pei Zhi and constantly looked down on him. Zhi hated him with the bitterness of a blood enemy. He was the husband of Yanxian's younger sister. Because Shuye saw that he had great ambition, he sent his son Fenzhi as a hostage to him. After entering Wei he was enfeoffed as Baron of Lingling County and served as Administrator of Nanyang before being dismissed for an offense. He was later appointed External Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry with the additional title General of the Central Rampart. He denounced Pei Zhi for plotting deposition, and Zhi was executed. A little over a hundred days later Boxin also died of illness. On his deathbed he saw Zhi's ghost and cried out, "Director Pei died—not solely because of me. Why do you show me such anger?"
30
皇甫光，安定人，美須髯，善言笑。 入魏，卒于勃海太守。 兄椿齡，從薛安都于彭城內附，除岐州刺史。 椿齡子璋，鄉郡相。 璋弟枿，位吏部郎，性貪婪，多所受納，鬻賣吏官，皆有定價。 後以丞相、高陽王雍之婿，為豫州刺史。 為政殘暴，百姓患之。 卒于安南將軍、光祿大夫、贈尚書左僕射。 子長卿，太尉司馬。
Huangfu Guang, a native of Anding, had a handsome beard and was gifted at conversation and wit. After entering Wei he died while serving as Governor of Bohai. His elder brother Chunling followed Xue Andu in surrendering at Pengcheng and was appointed Regional Inspector of Qi Province. Chunling's son Zhang served as a district magistrate in his home commandery. Zhang's younger brother Nie served as Gentleman of the Ministry of Personnel. Greedy by nature, he accepted countless bribes and sold official posts, each at a fixed price. Later, as son-in-law to Chancellor Prince Yong of Gaoyang, he was appointed Regional Inspector of Yu Province. His rule was cruel and violent, and the people suffered under him. He died while holding the posts of General Who Pacifies the South and Grand Master for Splendid Happiness, and was posthumously honored as Left Deputy Director of the Masters of Writing. His son Changqing served as Major under the Grand Commandant.
31
梁祐，北地人，叔業從姑子也。 好學，便弓馬，隨叔業征伐，身被五十餘創。 景明初，賜爵山桑子。 出為北地太守，清身率下，甚有聲稱。 曆大中大夫。 從容風雅，好為談詠，常與朝廷名賢，泛舟洛水，以詩酒自娛。 遷光祿大夫，端然養志，不曆權門，卒於京兆內史。
Liang You, a native of Beidi, was Shuye's nephew on his father's side. He loved learning and was skilled in archery and horsemanship. He followed Shuye on campaign and sustained more than fifty wounds. In the early Jingming period, he was granted the title Viscount of Shansang. He was appointed Administrator of Beidi, where he led by personal integrity and won a strong reputation. He later served as Grand Master for All Affairs. Easy in manner and elegant in taste, he loved conversation and poetry; he often took famous men of the court boating on the Luo River, finding his pleasure in verse and wine. He was promoted to Director of the Palace Library, composedly nurturing his ideals and never courting powerful families; he died in office as Inner Governor of Jingzhao.
32
崔高容，清河人，博學善文辭，美風彩。 景明初，位散騎侍郎，出為揚州開府掾，帶陳留太守，卒官。
Cui Gaorong of Qinghe was deeply learned, gifted in letters, and striking in presence. In the early Jingming period he was Regular Attendant Cavalier at Large, then served as staff officer for the Yangzhou headquarters with concurrent appointment as Administrator of Chenliu; he died in office.
33
閻慶胤，天水人，博識洽聞，善於談論，聽其言說，不覺忘疲。 卒于敷城太守。
Yan Qingyin of Tianshui was erudite and eloquent; listeners to his discourse forgot their weariness. He died in office as Administrator of Fucheng.
34
柳僧習見其子虯傳。
For Liu Sengxi, see the biography of his son Qiu.
35
夏侯道遷，譙國人也。 少有志操。 年十七，父母為結婚韋氏，道遷云：「欲懷四方之志，不願取婦。」 家人咸謂戲言。 及婚，求覓不知所在。 訪問，乃雲逃入益州。 後隨裴叔業于壽春，為南譙太守。 二家雖為姻好，親情不協，遂單騎歸魏，拜驍騎將軍，隨王肅至壽春。 肅薨，道遷棄戍南叛。
Xiahou Daoqian was a native of Qiao. From youth he possessed firm purpose and integrity. When he was seventeen, his parents arranged his marriage to the Wei family. Daoqian said, "I mean to embrace ambitions for the whole realm and do not wish to marry. The whole household took this for a joke. On the wedding day they searched for him but could not discover his whereabouts. After inquiry they learned he had fled into Yizhou. Later he followed Pei Shuye to Shouchun and served as Administrator of Nanqiao. Although the two houses were linked by marriage, affection between the kin did not harmonize; he therefore rode alone back to Wei, was appointed General of Valiant Cavalry, and followed Wang Su to Shouchun. When Su died, Daoqian abandoned his post and rebelled southward.
36
會梁以莊丘黑為征虜將軍、梁秦二州刺史，鎮南鄭。 黑請道遷為長史，帶漢中郡。 會黑死，而道遷陰圖歸順。 先是，仇池鎮將楊靈珍反叛南奔，梁以靈珍為征虜將軍，假武都王，助戍漢中。 道遷乃擊靈珍，斬其父子，送首于京師。 江悅之等推道遷為梁、秦二州刺史。 道遷遣表歸闕，詔璽書慰勉，授持節、散騎常侍、平南將軍、豫州刺史，封豐縣侯，遣尚書邢巒指授節度。 道遷表受平南、常侍，而辭豫州、豐縣侯，引裴叔業公爵為例。 宣武不許。
At that time Liang appointed Zhuangqiu Hei General Who Pacifies Barbarians and Governor of Liang and Qin provinces, with his headquarters at Nanzheng. Hei asked that Daoqian serve as chief clerk with concurrent authority over Hanzhong commandery. When Hei died, Daoqian secretly planned to return and submit to the north. Earlier, Yang Lingzhen, garrison commander of Chouchi, had rebelled and fled south; Liang made him General Who Pacifies Barbarians and Acting Prince of Wudu to assist in garrisoning Hanzhong. Daoqian then attacked Lingzhen, beheaded him and his sons, and sent their heads to the capital. Jiang Yuezhi and others urged Daoqian to assume the governorship of Liang and Qin provinces. Daoqian sent a memorial of submission to the throne; the emperor responded with a sealed edict of encouragement, appointing him Bearer of the Staff, Regular Attendant, General Who Pacifies the South, and Governor of Yu Province, enfeoffing him as Marquis of Feng County, and sending the Minister Xing Luan to confer operational authority. Daoqian memorialized that he would accept General Who Pacifies the South and Regular Attendant but decline Yu Province and the marquisate of Feng, citing the precedent of Duke Pei Shuye. Emperor Xuanwu would not agree.
37
道遷自南鄭來朝京師，引見於太極東堂，免冠徒跣謝曰：「比在壽春，遭韋纘之酷，申控無所，致此倡狂。 是段之來，希酬昔遇。」 宣武曰：「卿建為山之功，一簣之玷，何足謝也。」 道遷以賞報為微，逡巡不拜，尋改封濮陽縣侯。 歲餘，頻表解州，宣武許之。 除南袞州大中正，不拜。
Daoqian came from Nanzheng to the capital and was received in the eastern hall of Taiji; bareheaded and barefoot he apologized: "When I was at Shouchun I suffered the cruelty of Wei Zuan; with no one to whom I could appeal, I fell into this wild defiance. I have come now in the hope of repaying former favor. Emperor Xuanwu said, "You have heaped up a mountain of merit; what is one basketful of earth beside it that you should apologize?" Daoqian, thinking the reward too small, hesitated and would not bow in acceptance; soon he was re-enfeoffed as Marquis of Puyang. After more than a year he repeatedly asked to be relieved of the governorship, and Emperor Xuanwu granted his request. He was appointed Superior Clan Evaluator for Southern Yanzhou but declined the post.
38
道遷雖學不深洽，而曆覽書史，閑習尺牘。 好言宴，務口實，京師珍羞，罔不畢有。 于京城西水次市地，大起園池，殖列蔬果，延致秀彥，時往遊適。 妓妾十餘，常自娛樂，國秩歲入三千餘匹，專供酒饌，不營家產。 每誦孔融語曰：「坐上客恆滿，樽中酒不空，餘非吾事也。」 識者多之。 曆華、瀛二州刺史，為政清嚴，善禁盜賊。 卒，贈雍州刺史，諡明侯。 初，道遷以拔漢中歸誠本由王潁興之計，求分邑戶五百封之，宣武不許。 靈太后臨朝，道遷重求分封，太后大奇之，議欲更以三百戶封潁興，會卒，遂寢。 道遷不聘正室，唯有庶子數人。
Although Daoqian learning was not profound, he had read widely in histories and was skilled in letters and documents. He loved feasting and prized fine food; every delicacy of the capital found its way to his table. West of the capital, at the riverside market, he bought land and built a large garden and pond, planting rows of vegetables and fruit, inviting men of talent, and often going there for pleasure. He kept more than ten concubines and constantly entertained himself; his state income of over three thousand bolts a year went entirely to food and wine, and he did not trouble himself with family estates. He often quoted Kong Rong: "My guests are always full, my cups never empty—everything else is none of my business. Men of judgment largely approved of him. He served as Governor of Hua and Ying provinces; his rule was clean and severe, and he was adept at suppressing bandits. When he died he was posthumously appointed Governor of Yong Province with the posthumous title Marquis Ming. At first Daoqian recovery of Hanzhong and loyal submission had chiefly been Wang Yingxing plan; he asked that five hundred households of his fief be granted to Yingxing, but Emperor Xuanwu refused. When Empress Dowager Ling took the regency, Daoqian again sought a division of the fief; the Empress Dowager was greatly impressed and considered granting Yingxing three hundred households, but Yingxing died and the plan was dropped. Daoqian never took a principal wife and had only several sons by concubines.
39
長子夬、，字元廷，曆鎮遠將軍、南袞州大中正。 夬性好酒，居喪不戚，醇醪肥鮮，不離於口，沽買飲啖，多所費用。 父時田園，貨賣略盡，人間債猶數千餘匹，谷食至常不足，弟妹不免饑寒。
His eldest son Kui, courtesy name Yuanting, successively served as General of Garrison Advancement and Superior Clan Evaluator for Southern Yanzhou. Kui loved wine; during mourning he showed no grief, and rich brew and fine meat never left his lips; he spent heavily buying drink and food. In his father lifetime the family fields were sold off nearly completely; private debts still amounted to several thousand bolts, grain was often short, and his younger brothers and sisters could not escape hunger and cold.
40
初，道遷知夬好酒，不欲傳授國封。 夬未亡前，忽夢見征虜將軍房世寶至其家聽事，與其父坐，屏人密言。 夬心驚懼，謂人曰：「世寶為官，少間必擊我也。」 尋有人至，云：「官呼郎」，隨召即去，遣左右杖之二百，不勝楚痛，大叫。 良久乃悟，流汗徹於寢具。 至明，前京城太守趙卓詣之，見其衣濕，謂夬曰：「卿昨夜當大飲，溺衣如此。」 夬乃具陳所夢。 先是旬余，秘書監鄭道昭暴病卒，夬聞，謂卓曰：「人生何常，唯當縱飲。」 於是昏酣遂甚。 夢後，二日不能言，針之，乃得語，而猶虛劣。 俄而心悶而死。 洗浴者視其屍體，大有杖處，青赤隱起，二百下許。 贈钜鹿太守。
Earlier, knowing Kui's love of wine, Daoqian had not wished to pass on the hereditary fief. Before Kui's death he suddenly dreamed that Fang Shibao, General Who Pacifies Barbarians, came to his home reception hall and sat with his father while attendants were sent away for a private talk. Kui was alarmed and said to others, "Shibao has taken office; before long he will surely beat me. Soon someone arrived saying, "The master calls the young gentleman"; he went at once, and attendants were sent to cane him two hundred times; unable to endure the pain he cried out loudly. After a long while he woke, sweat soaking through his bedding. At daybreak Zhao Zhuo, former Administrator of the Capital, came to see him, noticed his clothes were wet, and said to Kui, "You must have drunk heavily last night and wet your clothes like this. Kui then told the dream in full. Some ten days earlier Secretariat Supervisor Zheng Daozhao had died suddenly; when Kui heard of it he said to Zhuo, "How constant is human life? One should only drink to excess. Thereupon he sank into still deeper drunkenness. After the dream he could not speak for two days; after acupuncture he could speak again, but remained feeble. Soon, oppressed in the chest, he died. Those who washed the corpse found on his body heavy cane marks, blue and red welts, roughly two hundred blows. He was posthumously appointed Administrator of Julu.
41
初，夬與南人辛諶、庾遵、江文遙等終日遊聚。 酣飲之際，恆相謂曰：「人生局促，何殊朝露，坐上相看，先後間耳。 脫有先亡者，於良辰美景，靈前飲宴，儻或有知，庶共歆饗。」 及夬亡後，三月上巳，諸人相率至夬靈前，仍共酌飲。 時日晚天陰，室中微暗，咸見夬在坐，衣服形容，不異平昔，時執杯酒，似若獻酬，但無語耳。 夬家客雍僧明心有畏恐，披簾欲出，便即僵僕，狀若被毆。 夬從兄欣宗云：「今是節日，諸人憶弟疇昔之言，故來共飲。 僧明何罪，而被嗔責？」 僧明便悟。 而欣宗鬼語如夬平生，並怒家人，皆得其罪，又發陰私竊盜，咸有次緒。
Earlier Kui had spent whole days in revelry with southerners such as Xin Chen, Yu Zun, and Jiang Wenyuan. While drinking they would say to one another, "Life is cramped, no different from morning dew—we sit looking at one another, only a breath apart in turn. If any of us dies first, on some fine day and scene let us feast before his spirit seat; if the dead still have awareness, perhaps they may share the offerings. After Kui died, on the third-month Shangsi festival the group went together to Kui spirit seat and drank as before. That evening the sky was overcast and the room dim; all saw Kui seated, his dress and appearance unchanged from ordinary days, at times holding a wine cup as if offering or returning a toast, yet without speaking. Kui house guest Yong Sengming was inwardly afraid; he drew back the curtain to go out and at once fell stiff as if he had been beaten. Kui's paternal cousin Xin Zong said, "Today is the festival; everyone remembered my younger brother's words of old and came to drink together. What crime did Sengming commit that he was scolded and punished? Sengming then understood. Then Xin Zong spoke in a ghostly voice like Kui in life; together they rebuked the household, naming each offense, and also exposed hidden thefts, all in proper sequence.
42
夬妻，裴植之女也，與道遷諸妾不睦，訟鬩徹於公庭。 子籍，年十餘歲，襲祖封已數年，而夬弟翽等言其眇目ＩＴ疾，不任承繼，自以與夬同庶，己應紹襲。 尚書奏籍承封。
Kui wife was a daughter of Pei Zhi; she was at odds with Daoqian concubines, and their quarrels reached the public courts. His son Ji, a boy of more than ten, had inherited the grandfather fief for several years, but Kui younger brothers Shen and others said he was dim-sighted and epileptic and unfit to succeed; claiming the same concubine-born status as Kui, they held that they ought to inherit. The Ministry memorialized that Ji should receive the fief.
43
道遷兄子ＩＳ，位咸陽太守。
Zao, a son of Daoqian elder brother, served as Administrator of Xianyang.
44
道遷之謀，又襄陽羅道珍、北海王安世、潁川辛諶、漢中薑永等皆參其勳末。 道珍為齊州東平原相，有能名。 安世，苻堅丞相王猛玄孫也。 曆涉書傳，位北華州刺史。 諶，魏衛尉辛毗後也，有文學，位濮陽、上党二郡太守。 永善彈琴，有文學，位漢中太守。 永弟漾，亦善士，性至孝。 時潁川庾道者，亦與道遷俱入國，雖不參勳謀，亦為奇士。 曆覽史傳，善草隸書，輕財重義。 仕梁，右中郎將。 及至洛陽，環堵弊廬，多與俊秀交舊，積二十餘歲，殊無宦情。 後為饒安縣令，罷，卒。
Those who shared in the later stages of Daoqian achievement included Luo Daozhen of Xiangyang, Wang Anshi of Beihai, Xin Chen of Yingchuan, Jiang Yong of Hanzhong, and others. Daozhen served as Chancellor of Eastern Pingyuan in Qi Province and had a name for competence. Anshi was the great-great-grandson of Wang Meng, chancellor of Former Qin. He ranged through books and histories and held the post of Governor of Northern Hua Province. Chen was a descendant of Xin Pi, Minister of the Guard of Wei; he was literary and served as Administrator of Puyang and Shangdang. Yong was skilled at the zither and gifted in letters; he served as Administrator of Hanzhong. Yong younger brother Yang was likewise a worthy man and by nature deeply filial. At that time Yu Daozhe of Yingchuan also came north with Daoqian; though he did not join the plotting for merit, he too was a remarkable man. He read widely in historical works, excelled in cursive and clerical calligraphy, and valued righteousness above wealth. Under Liang he served as Right Gentleman of the Palace. When he arrived in Luoyang he dwelt in a cramped, broken-down hut; for more than twenty years he kept company with talented friends and showed almost no wish for office. Later he was appointed Magistrate of Raoan County; after leaving that post he died.
45
李元護，遼東襄平人，晉司徒胤之八世孫也。 胤子順、璠及孫沉、志皆有名宦。 沉孫根，仕慕容寶，為中書監。 根子後智等隨慕容德南渡河，居青州，數世無名，三齊豪門多輕之。 元護以魏平齊後，隨父懷慶南奔。 身長八尺，美須髯，少有武力。 仕齊，位馬頭太守，雖以將用自達，然亦頗覽文史，習于簡牘。 後為裴叔業司馬，帶汝陰太守。 叔業歸順，元護贊同其謀。 叔業疾病，元護督率上下以俟援軍。 壽春克定，元護頗有力焉。 景明初，以元護為齊州刺史、廣饒縣伯。 尋以州人柳世明圖為不軌，元護誅戮所加，微為濫酷。 州內饑儉，表請賑貸，蠲其賦役。 但多有部曲，時為侵擾，城邑苦之，故不得為良刺史也。 三年卒。 病前月餘，京師無故傳其凶問。 又城外送客亭柱有人書曰「李齊州死」，綱佐餞別者見而拭之，後復如此。 元護妾妓十餘，聲色自縱。 情欲既甚，支骨稍消，須長二尺，一時落盡。 贈青州刺史。 元護為齊州，經拜舊墓，巡省故宅，饗賜村老，莫不欣暢。 及將亡，謂左右曰：「吾嘗以方伯簿伍至青州，士女屬目。 若喪過東陽，不可不好設儀衛，哭泣盡哀，令觀者改容也。」 家人遵其誡。
Li Yuanhu was a native of Xiangping in Liaodong, eighth-generation descendant of Jin Minister of Works Li Yin. Yin sons Shun and Fan and grandsons Shen and Zhi all attained distinguished offices. Shen grandson Gen served Murong Bao as Director of the Secretariat. Gen sons Houzhi and others followed Murong De south across the river and settled in Qing Province; for generations they held no standing, and the great clans of the Three Qi looked down on them. When the state pacified Qi, Yuanhu followed his father Huaiqing in fleeing south. He stood eight feet tall, with a handsome beard and whiskers, and in youth had martial prowess. Under Qi he served as Administrator of Matou; though he advanced by military talent, he also read widely in literature and history and was skilled with documents. Later he was staff officer to Pei Shuye with concurrent appointment as Administrator of Ruyin. When Shuye submitted to the north, Yuanhu supported his design. When Shuye fell ill, Yuanhu led the garrison in awaiting the relief army. When Shouchun was taken, Yuanhu contributed considerable effort. In the early Jingming period Yuanhu was appointed Governor of Qi Province and Baron of Guangrao County. Soon afterward, when a provincial gentleman named Liu Shiming plotted sedition, the executions Yuanhu carried out were somewhat excessive and harsh. When famine struck the province, he submitted a memorial requesting relief grain and the remission of taxes and corvée. But he kept a large retinue that often preyed on the people; towns and cities suffered, and he could not be counted among the good governors. In the third year of his tenure he died. More than a month before he fell ill, the capital was rife with groundless rumors of his death. Someone also wrote on a pillar of the roadside guest pavilion outside the walls, "Li of Qi Province is dead." Aides who were seeing guests off erased it, but the writing reappeared just the same. Yuanhu kept more than ten concubines and courtesans and gave himself over to music and pleasure. His passions ran so deep that his flesh wasted away; his two-foot beard fell out in a single day. He was posthumously appointed Governor of Qing Province. While Yuanhu was governor of Qi, he would pay respects at the family graves, tour his old home, and feast and reward the village elders—everyone was delighted. As death approached he told his attendants, "I once entered Qing Province as a regional lord at the head of a full train, and men and women turned to watch. If my funeral cortège passes through Dongyang, you must array a fine guard of honor and weep with full grief, so that every onlooker is moved to change expression." His family carried out his instructions.
46
子會襲，正始中降爵為子。 會頑騃好酒，其妻南陽太守清河房伯玉女也，甚有姿色，會不答之。 房乃通其弟機，因會醉，殺之。 子景宣襲。 機與房遂如夫婦，積十餘年，房氏色衰，乃更婚娶。
His son Hui inherited the title; in the Zhengshi period the rank was reduced to viscount. Hui was dull and addicted to wine. His wife was Fang Biyu, daughter of Fang Boyu, Administrator of Nanyang in Qinghe—a woman of great beauty whom Hui would not touch. Fang took up with his younger brother Ji and, when Hui was drunk, had him killed. His son Jingxuan inherited the title. Ji and Fang lived as husband and wife for more than ten years; when Fang lost her looks, he married again.
47
元護弟靜，性貪忍，兄亡未斂，便剝妓服玩及餘物。 曆齊郡內史。
Yuanhu younger brother Jing was greedy and cruel; before his brother body was even encoffined he stripped the courtesans of their clothes, ornaments, and whatever else he could take. He served as Inner Governor of Qi Commandery.
48
席法友，安定人也，祖、父南奔。 法友仕齊，以膂力自效，任安豐新蔡二郡太守、建安戍主。 後與裴叔業同謀歸魏，拜豫州刺史、苞信縣伯。 叔業卒後，法友與裴植追成業志，淮南克定，法友有力焉。 曆華、並二州刺史。 後為別將出淮南，欲解朐山之圍。 法友始渡淮而朐山敗沒，遂停十年。 恬靜自安，不競世利。 宣武末，除濟州刺史，廉和著稱。 又徙封乘氏。 後卒于光祿大夫，贈秦州刺史，諡襄侯。
Xi Fayou was a native of Anding; his grandfather and father had fled south. Fayou served under Qi, distinguishing himself by sheer strength; he was Administrator of Anfeng and Xincai and commander of the Jianan garrison. Later he plotted with Pei Shuye to defect to Wei and was appointed Governor of Yu Province and Baron of Baoxin. After Shuye died, Fayou and Pei Zhi carried on his design; when Huainan was secured, Fayou had done his part. He served in turn as Governor of Hua and Bing provinces. Later, as a detached commander, he marched into Huainan to relieve the siege of Qushan. Fayou had barely crossed the Huai when Qushan was lost, and he then sat idle for ten years. He lived in quiet contentment and did not strive for worldly gain. Near the end of Emperor Xuanwu reign he was appointed Governor of Ji Province, where his integrity and gentleness won renown. His fief was transferred to Chengsi. He later died while serving as Director of the Palace Library; he was posthumously appointed Governor of Qin Province and given the posthumous title Marquis Xiang.
49
子景通襲，善事元叉，兼賂叉父繼。 繼為司空，引景通為掾。 卒，贈衛尉少卿。 子郾襲，走關西。
His son Jingtong inherited the title; he curried favor with Yuan Cha and also bribed Cha father Ji. When Ji became Minister of Works he took Jingtong on as a clerk. When he died he was posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Guard. His son Yan inherited the title and fled west of the passes.
50
王世弼，京兆霸城人也。 姚泓之滅，其祖、父南遷。 世弼身長七尺八寸，魁岸有壯氣，善草隸書，好愛墳典。 仕齊為軍主，助戍壽春，遂與裴叔業同謀歸誠。 除南徐州刺史，封慎縣伯。 後除東秦州刺史，政任于刑，為人所怨，有受納之響，為御史中尉李平所彈，會赦免。 後為河北太守，有清稱。 再遷中山內史，加平北將軍。 直閣元羅，領軍元叉弟也，曾過中山，謂曰：「二州刺史，翻復為郡，當恨恨耳。」 世弼曰：「儀同之號，起自鄧騭，平北為郡，始在下官。」 卒，贈豫州刺史，諡曰康。
Wang Shibi was a native of Baling in Jingzhao. When Yao Hong fell, his grandfather and father migrated south. Shibi stood seven feet eight inches, broad-shouldered and martial in bearing; he excelled in cursive and clerical calligraphy and loved the classical canon. Under Qi he served as a garrison commander at Shouchun and then joined Pei Shuye in plotting to defect to Wei. He was appointed Governor of Southern Xu Province and enfeoffed as Baron of Shen. Later he was appointed Governor of Eastern Qin, where he ruled through harsh punishments and earned resentment; rumors of graft reached Censor-in-Chief Li Ping, who impeached him, but an amnesty spared him. Later, as Administrator of Hebei, he won a reputation for integrity. He was promoted again to Inner Governor of Zhongshan with the additional title General Who Pacifies the North. Palace Attendant Yuan Luo, younger brother of Commander-in-Chief Yuan Cha, once visited Zhongshan and said, "Twice a provincial governor, now demoted to a commandery—you must be bitter about it." Shibi replied, "The title Honored Companion began with Deng Zhi; making General Who Pacifies the North a commandery-level post began with me." When he died he was posthumously appointed Governor of Yu Province and given the posthumous epithet Kang.
51
長子會，汝陽太守。 次子由，字茂道，好學有文才，尤善草隸書，性方厚，有名士風，又工摹書，為時人所服。 位東萊太守，罷郡寓居潁川。 天平初，元洪威構逆，大軍攻討，為亂兵所害。 名流悼惜之。
His eldest son Hui served as Administrator of Ruyang. His second son You, style Maodao, was studious and gifted in letters, especially in cursive and clerical calligraphy; upright and generous, he had the bearing of a cultivated gentleman and was also skilled at facsimile copying—contemporaries held him in esteem. He served as Administrator of Donglai; after leaving office he settled in Yingchuan. Early in the Tianping era Yuan Hongwei rose in rebellion; when the imperial army moved against him, You was killed in the fighting. Men of reputation mourned his loss.
52
江悅之，字彥和，濟陽考城人也。 七世祖統，晉散騎常侍，避劉、石之亂，南渡。 祖興之，父范之，並為宋武所誅。 悅之少孤，仕宋，曆諸王參軍。 好兵書，有將略，善待士，有部曲數百人。 仕齊，為後軍將軍，部曲稱眾，千有餘人。 梁初，以討滅劉季連功，進號冠軍將軍。 武興氐攻破白馬，進圖南鄭，悅之大破氐眾，還復白馬。 梁、秦二州刺史莊丘黑死，夏侯道遷與悅之及龐樹，軍主李忻榮、張元亮、士孫天與等謀以梁州內附。 梁華陽太守尹天寶率眾向州城，遂圍南鄭。 悅之晝夜督戰，會武興軍至，天寶敗。 道遷克全勳款，悅之實有力焉。 與道遷俱至洛陽。 尋卒，贈梁州刺史，追封安平縣子，諡曰莊。
Jiang Yuezhi, style Yanhe, was a native of Kaocheng in Jiyang. His seventh-generation ancestor Tong was Jin Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry; fleeing the chaos of the Liu and Shi regimes, he crossed the Yangtze south. His grandfather Xingzhi and father Fanzhi were both put to death by Emperor Wu of Song. Yuezhi lost his father early; he served under Song as staff officer to several princes in turn. He studied military texts, showed real command insight, treated men of talent generously, and kept several hundred retainers. Under Qi he served as Rear Army General with a retinue said to number more than a thousand. Early in Liang he was promoted to General Who Crowns the Army for his part in suppressing Liu Jilian. The Wuxing Di broke through Baima and pressed toward Nanzheng; Yuezhi routed them and recovered Baima. When the joint Governor of Liang and Qin, Zhuangqiu Hei, died, Xiahou Daoqian joined Yuezhi, Pang Shu, and the garrison commanders Li Xinrong, Zhang Yuanliang, Shisun Tianyu, and others in a plot to surrender Liang Province. Yin Tianbao, Liang Administrator of Huayang, marched on the provincial capital and laid siege to Nanzheng. Yuezhi directed the fighting day and night; when the Wuxing army arrived, Tianbao was defeated. Daoqian success in completing the surrender owed a real debt to Yuezhi's efforts. He went to Luoyang together with Daoqian. He soon died and was posthumously appointed Governor of Liang Province, ennobled as Viscount of Anping, and given the posthumous epithet Zhuang.
53
悅之二子，文遙、文遠。 文遙少有大度，輕財好士，士多歸之。 道遷之圖楊靈珍，文遙奮劍請行，遂手斬靈珍。 襲父封，拜咸陽太守。 勤於禮接，終日坐聽事。 至者見之，假以恩顏，屏人密問，於是人所疾苦，大盜姓名，奸猾吏長，無不知悉。 郡中震肅，奸劫息止，政為雍州諸郡之最。 後為安州刺史，善於綏納，甚得物情。 時杜洛周、葛榮等相繼叛逆，幽、燕已南悉沒，唯文遙介在群賊之外，孤城獨守，鳩集荒餘，且耕且戰，百姓皆樂為用。 卒官，長史許思祖等以文遙有遺愛，復推其子果行州事。 既攝州事，乃遣使奉表。 莊帝嘉之，除果通直散騎侍郎，行安州事。 既而賊勢轉盛，救援不接，果乃攜諸弟並率城人東奔高麗。 天平中，詔高麗送果等。 元象中，乃得還朝。 文遠善騎射，勇於攻戰，以軍功位中散大夫、龍驤將軍。
Yuezhi had two sons, Wenyao and Wenyuan. Wenyao was magnanimous from youth, generous with wealth and fond of talented men; many gathered to him. When Daoqian plotted against Yang Lingzhen, Wenyao drew his sword and volunteered; he cut Lingzhen down with his own hand. He inherited his father title and was appointed Administrator of Xianyang. He was diligent in receiving visitors and sat in the audience hall from dawn to dusk. He received every caller with a gracious face, then dismissed attendants and questioned them in private; soon he knew every local grievance, every major bandit by name, and every corrupt clerk and headman. The commandery was awed into order, banditry ceased, and his administration ranked first in Yong Province. Later, as Governor of An Province, he was skilled at winning people over and enjoyed deep popular support. When Du Luozhou, Ge Rong, and others rose in succession and everything south of You and Yan fell, Wenyao alone held out beyond the rebel hosts: a lone city, gathering refugees, farming and fighting by turns, with the people gladly following him. He died in office; Chief Clerk Xu Sizu and others, moved by the affection Wenyao had left behind, put his son Guo in charge of the province. Once Guo took charge, he sent envoys with a memorial of loyalty to the throne. Emperor Zhuang commended him and appointed Guo Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry in Direct Service, with acting authority over An Province. Rebel strength soon grew and no relief came; Guo took his brothers and led the townspeople east into Goguryeo. During Tianping the court ordered Goguryeo to return Guo and his party. In the Yuanxiang era he finally returned to court. Wenyuan was skilled in horsemanship and archery, bold in assault, and rose by military merit to Palace Attendant and Dragon-Prancing General.
54
淳於誕，字靈遠，其先太山博人也，後世居蜀漢，或家安固之桓陵縣。 父興宗，齊南安太守。 誕年十二，隨父向揚州。 父于路為群盜所害，誕雖幼而哀感奮發，傾資結客，旬朔之內，遂得復仇。 州裏之間，無不稱歎。 景明中，自漢中歸魏，陳伐蜀計，宣武嘉納之。 延昌末，王旅大舉，除驃騎將軍、都督、別部司馬，領鄉導統軍。 誕不願先受榮爵，乃固讓實官，止參戎號。 及奉辭之日，詔若克成都，即以益州許之。 師次晉壽，蜀人大震。 屬宣武晏駕，不果而還。 後以客例，起家羽林監。 正光中，秦、隴反叛，詔誕為西南道軍司馬，與行台魏子建共參經略。 時梁益州刺史蕭深猷遣將樊文熾蕭世澄等率眾數萬圍小劍戍。 子建遣誕勒兵馳赴，大敗之，禽世澄等十一人，文熾先走獲免。 孝昌初，子建以誕行華陽郡，帶白馬戍。 後卒于東梁州刺史，贈益州刺史，諡曰莊。
Chun Yudan, style Lingyuan, traced his line to Bo in Mount Tai; later generations lived in Shu-Han, and the family was said to be from Huanling in Angu. His father Xingzong was Administrator of Nanan under Qi. At twelve he accompanied his father to Yang Province. Robbers killed his father on the road; though still a boy, Yudan grieved and roused himself, spent his fortune to gather followers, and within a fortnight had his revenge. All through the region praised his deed. In the Jingming era he came north from Hanzhong, presented a plan to conquer Shu, and Emperor Xuanwu welcomed it. At the end of Yan-chang, when the imperial army marched in force, he was appointed General of Agile Cavalry, area commander, Separate-Department Major, and leader of the native-guide forces. Yudan refused to accept honorary rank before merit; he firmly declined substantive office and served only under a military title. On the day he set out, an edict promised that if Chengdu fell, Yi Province would be his. The army halted at Jinshou, and Shu was thrown into alarm. When Emperor Xuanwu died, the campaign was abandoned and the army withdrew. Later, as a man who had come over from abroad, he entered service as Supervisor of the Feathered Forest. In Zhengguang, when Qin and Long rose in revolt, Yudan was appointed Army Major on the Southwest Route to plan the campaign with Mobile Headquarters Wei Zijian. Liang Governor of Yi Province Xiao Shenyou then sent Fan Wenchì, Xiao Shicheng, and others at the head of tens of thousands to besiege the Xiaojian garrison. Zijian sent Yudan at the head of a relief force; he routed the enemy, captured Shicheng and eleven others, while Wenchì fled early and escaped. Early in Xiaochang, Zijian put Yudan in charge of Huayang commandery and the Baima garrison. He later died while serving as Governor of Eastern Liang; he was posthumously appointed Governor of Yi Province with the epithet Zhuang.
55
沈文秀，字仲遠，吳興武康人也。 伯父慶之，《南史》有傳。 文秀仕宋，位青州刺史。 和平六年，宋明帝殺其主子業，文秀與諸州推立子業弟子勳。 子勳敗，皇興初，文秀與崔道固俱以州降魏。 宋遣其弟文景來諭之，文秀復歸宋，為刺史如故。 後慕容白曜長驅至東陽，文秀始欲降，以軍人虜掠，遂有悔心，乃嬰城固守。 白曜既下曆城，乃並力攻討，自夏至春始克。 文秀取所持節，衣冠儼然，坐於齋內。 亂兵入曰：「文秀何在！」 文秀曆聲曰：「身是！」 執而裸送于白曜。 左右令拜，文秀曰：「各二國大臣，無相拜禮。」 白曜忿之，因至撾撻。 後還其衣，為之設饌，與長史房天樂、司馬沈嵩等鎖送京師，面縛數罪，宥死，待為下客，給以粗衣蔬食。 獻文重其節義，稍亦嘉禮之，拜外都下大夫。 太和三年，遷外都大官。 孝文嘉其忠於其國，賜絹彩二百匹。 後為南征都將，臨發，賜以戎服。 除懷州刺史，假吳郡公。 守清貧而政寬，不能禁止盜賊。 大興水田，於公私頗有利益。 卒官。
Shen Wenxiu, style Zhongyuan, was a native of Wukang in Wuxing. His uncle Qingzhi is given a biography in the History of the Southern Dynasties. Wenxiu served under Song as Governor of Qing Province. In the sixth year of Heping, Emperor Ming of Song murdered his lord Liu Ziye; Wenxiu and the provincial leaders enthroned Ziye's nephew Liu Zixun. After Zixun's defeat, at the start of Huangxing Wenxiu and Cui Daogu both surrendered their provinces to Wei. Song sent his younger brother Wenjing to win him back; Wenxiu rejoined Song and continued as governor. When Murong Baiyao swept on to Dongyang, Wenxiu at first meant to submit, but his troops began looting captives; he changed his mind and shut the gates for a last stand. Once Baiyao had taken Li city, he concentrated his forces on the siege; from summer until the following spring the city finally fell. Wenxiu took up his credential staff, dressed in full court regalia, and sat upright in his private hall. Riot troops burst in and shouted, "Where is Wenxiu!" Wenxiu answered in a ringing voice, "I am he!" They seized him, stripped him naked, and delivered him to Baiyao. His escort ordered him to bow. Wenxiu said, "We are ministers of two states—there is no bowing between us." Baiyao flew into a rage and had him beaten with clubs. Later his clothes were restored and a meal set before him. With Chief Clerk Fang Tianle, Major Shen Song, and others he was shackled and sent to the capital, his crimes enumerated to his face; his life was spared, he was kept as a humble guest, and given coarse clothes and plain fare. Emperor Xianwen respected his steadfastness and gradually honored him, appointing him Junior Grand Master of the Outer Court. In the third year of Taihe he was promoted to Grand Provisioner of the Outer Court. Emperor Xiaowen praised his loyalty to his former state and granted him two hundred bolts of colored silk. He later became commander of the southern expedition; on the eve of departure he was presented with military dress. He was appointed Governor of Huai Province with the acting title Marquis of Wu Commandery. He lived in poverty and ruled leniently, and could not suppress banditry. He greatly expanded irrigated rice fields, to the considerable benefit of public and private coffers alike. He died in office.
56
子保沖，後為徐州冠軍長史，坐據連口退敗，有司處之死刑。 孝文詔：「保沖，文秀之子，可特原命，配洛陽作部終身。」 宣武時，卒于下邳太守。
His son Baochong later served as Champion Major of Xu Province; for holding Lian Pass and retreating in defeat, the authorities sentenced him to death. Emperor Xiaowen decreed: "Baochong, Wenxiu's son, is specially spared and assigned to the Luoyang artisans for life." Under Emperor Xuanwu he died while serving as Governor of Xiapi.
57
房天樂者，清河人，滑稽多智。 文秀板為長史，督齊郡，州府事一以委之。 卒于京師。 弟子嘉慶，漁陽太守。
Fang Tianle, a native of Qinghe, was quick-witted and endlessly resourceful. Wenxiu appointed him Chief Clerk with oversight of Qi commandery and entrusted him with every matter of the province and prefecture. He died in the capital. His nephew Jiaqing became Governor of Yuyang.
58
張讜，字處言，清河東武城人也。 六世祖弘，晉長秋卿。 父華，慕容超左僕射。 讜仕宋，位東徐州刺史。 及平徐、兗，讜乃歸順于尉元，亦表授東徐州刺史。 遣中書侍郎高閭與讜對為刺史。 後至京師，禮遇亞于薛、畢，賜爵平陸侯。 讜性開通，篤於接恤，青、齊之士，雖疏族末姻，咸相敬視。 李敷、李䐶等寵要勢家，亦推懷陳款，無所顧避。 畢眾敬等皆敬重之，高允之徒亦相器待。 卒，贈青州刺史，諡康侯。
Zhang Dang, style Chuyan, was a native of Dongwucheng in Qinghe. His sixth-generation ancestor Hong served Jin as Director of the Palace Domestic Service. His father Hua was Left Vice Director of the Secretariat under Murong Chao. Dang served under Song as Governor of Eastern Xu Province. When Xu and Yan were pacified, Dang submitted to Yuwu Yuan and was confirmed by imperial appointment as Governor of Eastern Xu. Attendant Gentleman of the Secretariat Gao Lu was sent to serve as co-governor alongside Dang. When he later reached the capital, his reception ranked just below Xue and Bi; he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Pinglu. Dang was open-handed and devoted to hospitality; gentlemen of Qing and Qi, however distant the kinship, all treated him with respect. Li Fu, Li Can, and other favorites of the great houses likewise opened their hearts to him without reserve. Bi Zhongjing and others all esteemed him; Gao Yun and his circle valued him as well. At his death he was posthumously appointed Governor of Qing Province with the epithet Marquis Kang.
59
子敬伯，求致父喪，出葬冀州清河舊墓，久不被許，停柩在家積五六年。 第四子敬叔，先在徐州，初聞父喪，不欲奔赴，而規南叛，為徐州所勒送。 至乃自理，後得襲父爵。 敬伯自以隨父歸國功，賜爵昌安侯，出為樂陵太守。 敬叔，武邑太守。 父喪得葬舊墓，還屬清河。
His son Jingbo petitioned to take his father's coffin home for burial in the old family tomb in Qinghe, Jizhou; permission was long denied, and the coffin lay at home for five or six years. The fourth son Jingshu was then in Xu Province; when he first heard of his father's death he refused to hurry home and plotted to defect south, whereupon Xu Province seized him and sent him back. On arrival he cleared himself and later succeeded to his father's title. Jingbo, citing his merit in following his father to submit to Wei, was granted the title Marquis of Chang'an and appointed Governor of Leling. Jingshu became Governor of Wuyi. Once the father was buried in the old tomb, the family returned to Qinghe.
60
初，讜兄弟十人。 兄忠，字處順，在南為合鄉令。 歸降，賜爵新昌侯。 卒于新興太守，贈冀州刺史。 讜妻皇甫氏被掠，賜中官為婢，皇甫遂詐癡，不能梳沐。 後讜為宋冀州長史，因貨千餘匹，購求皇甫。 文成怪其納財之多，引見之，時皇甫年垂六十矣。 文成曰：「南人奇好，能重室家之義。 此老母復何所任，乃能如此致費也。」 皇甫氏歸，讜令諸妾境上奉迎。 數年卒。 後十年而讜入魏。
Dang had ten brothers in all. His elder brother Zhong, style Chushun, had served the south as magistrate of Hexiang. After he submitted, he was granted the title Marquis of Xinchang. He died while serving as Governor of Xinxing and was posthumously appointed Governor of Ji Province. Dang's wife, Lady Huangfu, was seized and given to a palace eunuch as a maidservant; she then feigned madness and would not wash or comb her hair. Later, when Dang was Song Chief of staff for Ji Province, he spent more than a thousand bolts of goods to buy her back. Emperor Wencheng marveled at the vast sum and summoned her for an audience; Lady Huangfu was then nearly sixty. Wencheng said, "Southerners have peculiar tastes—they can honor the bonds of home and wife. What can this old woman still do for him that he would spend so lavishly!" When Lady Huangfu returned, Dang ordered all his concubines to meet her at the border. Several years later she died. Ten years later Dang himself entered Wei.
61
讜兄子安世，正始中，自梁漢同夏侯道遷歸款，為客積年，出為東河間太守。 卒。
Dang's nephew Anshi, in Zhengshi, came over from Liang and Han with Xiahou Daoqian; he remained a guest for many years, then was appointed Governor of Eastern Hejian. He died.
62
李苗，字子宣，梓潼涪人也。 父膺，梁太僕卿。 苗出後叔父畎。 畎為梁州刺史，大著威名。 王足之伐蜀，梁武命畎拒足于涪，許其益州。 及足退，梁武遂改授。 畎怒，將有異圖，事發被害。 苗年十五，有報雪志。 延昌中歸魏，仍陳圖蜀計。 大將軍高肇西伐，詔假苗龍驤將軍鄉導。 次晉壽，宣武宴駕，班師。 後以客例，除員外散騎侍郎。 苗有文武才幹，以大功不就，家恥未雪，常懷慷慨。 乃上書陳平定江南之計，其文理甚切于時。 明帝幼沖，無遠略之意，竟不能納。
Li Miao, style Zixuan, was a native of Fu in Zitong. His father Ying was Liang Grand Master of Palace Steeds. Miao was given in adoption to his uncle Qian. Qian served Liang as Governor of Liang Province and won great renown. When Wang Zu invaded Shu, Emperor Wu of Liang ordered Qian to hold Zu at Fu and promised him Yi Province. When Zu withdrew, Emperor Wu of Liang revoked the promise and reassigned the post. Qian was enraged and plotted rebellion; the plot was exposed and he was executed. At fifteen Miao swore to avenge his uncle. In Yan-chang he defected to Wei and at once presented a plan to conquer Shu. When Grand General Gao Zhao marched west, Miao was appointed acting General of Dragon Cavalry to guide the army. The army halted at Jinshou; when Emperor Xuanwu died, the campaign was called off and the troops withdrew. Later, as a man who had come over from abroad, he was appointed Extraordinary Cadet Within the Palace. Miao possessed both civil and military talent; the great enterprise had failed and family shame remained unavenged, and he burned with frustrated ambition. He memorialized with a plan to pacify the south; the argument was urgent and apt to the moment. Emperor Ming was still a child and lacked long-range vision; in the end he could not adopt the plan.
63
正光末，三秦反叛，侵及三輔。 時承平既久，人不習戰。 苗以隴兵強悍，且群聚無資，乃上書以為：「食少兵精，利於速戰； 糧多卒眾，事宜持久。 今隴賊倡狂，非有素蓄，雖據兩城，本無德義，其勢在於疾攻，日有降納，遲則人情離阻，坐受崩潰。 夫飆至風起，逆者求萬一之功； 高壁深壘，王師有全制之策。 今且宜勒大將，深溝高壘，堅守勿戰。 別命偏師，精卒數千，出麥積崖以襲其後，則氵幵、岐之下，群妖自散。」 於是詔苗為統軍，與別將淳于誕出梁、益，隸行台魏子建。 子建以苗為郎中，仍領統軍，深見知待。
At the end of Zhengguang the three Qin provinces rebelled and the turmoil spread to the capital region. Peace had lasted so long that men had forgotten how to fight. Miao judged that the Long troops were fierce but had massed without provisions, and memorialized: "Scant food and elite troops favor swift battle; Abundant grain and a host of soldiers call for a war of attrition. The Long rebels are raging without deep reserves; though they hold two cities they have no moral hold. Press the attack and surrenders will come day by day; delay will estrange their followers and they will collapse on their own. When the storm rises, rebels gamble on a stroke of luck; behind high walls and deep ramparts, the imperial army can dictate the terms of victory. For now order the commanders to dig deep trenches, raise high ramparts, and hold fast without giving battle. Send a detached column of several thousand picked troops from Maiji Cliff to strike their rear, and the rebel hosts below the Qian and Qi will scatter of themselves." Thereupon Miao was appointed commander-in-chief; with Separate General Chun Yudan he marched from Liang and Yi under Mobile Headquarters Wei Zijian. Zijian made him a palace gentleman while he still led the command army, and treated him with deep trust.
64
孝昌中，兼尚書左丞，為西北道行台，與大都督宗正珍孫討汾、絳蜀賊，平之。 及殺{人小}硃榮，榮從弟世隆擁部曲還逼都邑。 孝莊幸大夏門，集群臣博議，百僚計無所出。 苗獨奮衣起曰：「今朝廷有不測之危，正是忠臣烈士效節之時，請以一旅之眾，為陛下徑斷河梁。」 莊帝壯而許焉。 苗乃募人于馬渚上流，以師夜下。 去橋數里，放火燒船，俄然橋絕，賊沒水死者甚眾。 官軍不至，賊乃涉水與苗死鬥，眾寡不敵，苗浮河而沒。 帝聞，哀傷久之。 贈都督、梁州刺史、車騎大將軍、儀同三司、河陽縣侯，諡忠烈。
In Xiaochang he served concurrently as Left Assistant Director of the Secretariat and Northwest Route Mobile Headquarters; with Area Commander Zongzheng Zhensun he suppressed the Shu rebels of Fen and Jiang and pacified them. After Erzhu Rong was killed, his younger cousin Shilong led his private army back to threaten the capital. Emperor Xiaozhuang took refuge at the Great Summer Gate and summoned the ministers for counsel; the bureaucracy could offer no plan. Miao alone flung off his robe and stood. "The court faces sudden peril—this is the hour for loyal ministers to prove themselves. Grant me a single brigade and I will cut the river bridge for Your Majesty." Emperor Zhuang was stirred and assented. Miao recruited men upstream at Maze Ford and led his force downriver by night. A few li from the bridge they set the boats ablaze; the bridge collapsed at once and a great host of rebels drowned. The imperial troops never came; the rebels waded the river and fought Miao to the death. Outnumbered, he was swept away and drowned. When the emperor heard the news, he grieved for a long while. He was posthumously appointed Area Commander, Governor of Liang Province, General of Cavalry and Chariots, equal in rank to the Three Excellencies, and Marquis of Heyang, with the epithet Zhonglie.
65
苗少有節操，志尚功名。 每讀《蜀書》，見魏延請出長安，諸葛不許，歎息謂亮無奇計。 及覽《周瑜傳》，未曾不嗟咨絕倒。 太保城陽王徽、司徒臨淮王彧並重之。 二王頗或不穆，苗每諫責。 徽寵勢隆極，猜忌彌甚，苗謂人曰：「城陽蜂目豺聲，今轉彰矣！」 解鼓琴，善屬文詠，工尺牘之敏，當世罕及。 死之日，朝野悲壯之。 及帝幽崩，世隆入洛，主者追苗贈封，以白世隆。 世隆曰：「吾爾時群議，更三日便欲大縱兵士，燒燔都邑，任其采掠。 賴苗，京師獲全。 天下之善一也，不宜追之。」 子曇襲爵。
From youth Miao had integrity and hungered for glory. Whenever he read the History of Shu and saw Wei Yan ask to strike out toward Chang'an while Zhuge Liang refused, he would sigh that Liang had no daring stratagem. When he read the biography of Zhou Yu, he never failed to sigh in wonder. Grand Tutor Prince Hui of Chengyang and Minister over the Masses Prince Yu of Linhuai both held him in high regard. The two princes were often at odds; Miao always admonished them. As Hui's favor and power reached their height his suspicion deepened; Miao said to others, "The Prince of Chengyang has a wasp's eyes and a jackal's voice—and now it shows plain as day!" He mastered the zither, wrote verse with ease, and drafted correspondence with a speed seldom matched in his generation. When he died, court and country mourned a hero. After the emperor died in captivity, Shilong entered Luoyang; the authorities sought to confirm Miao's posthumous honors and informed Shilong. Shilong said, "In council we had agreed that in three more days I would unleash my troops, burn the capital, and let them loot as they pleased. It was thanks to Miao that the capital was spared. The good of the realm is one and the same—there is no need to pursue posthumous honors for him." His son Yan inherited the title.
66
劉藻，字彥先，廣平易陽人也。 六世祖遐，從晉元帝南渡。 父宗之，宋廬江太守。 藻涉獵群籍，美談笑，善與人交，飲酒至一石不亂。 太安中，與姊夫李嶷俱來歸魏，賜爵易陽子。 擢拜南部主書，號為稱職。
Liu Zao, style Yansian, was a native of Yiyang in Guangping. His sixth-generation ancestor Xia followed Emperor Yuan of Jin when he crossed south. His father Zongzhi served Song as Governor of Lujiang. Zao ranged widely through the classics, delighted in witty conversation, made friends easily, and could drink a hu of wine without losing his composure. In Tai'an he defected to Wei with his brother-in-law Li Yao and was granted the title Viscount of Yiyang. He was promoted to Principal Clerk of the Southern Department and was praised as thoroughly competent.
67
時北地諸羌，恃險作亂，前後宰守不能制。 朝廷患之，以藻為北地太守。 藻推誠布信，諸羌咸來歸款，朝廷嘉之。 雍州人王叔保等三百人表乞藻為騃奴戍主，詔曰：「選曹已用人，藻有惠政，自宜他敘。」 在任八年，遷離城鎮將。 太和中改鎮為岐州，以藻為岐州刺史。 轉秦州刺史。 秦人恃險，率多粗暴，或拒課輸，或害吏長，自前守宰，皆遙領，不入郡縣。 藻開示恩信，誅戮豪橫，羌、氐憚之，守宰於是始得居其舊所。 遇車駕南伐，以藻為東道都督。 秦人紛擾，詔藻還州，人情乃定。 仍與安南元英征漢中，破賊軍，長驅至南鄭，垂平梁州，奉詔還軍，乃不果克。
At that time the Qiang of Beidi, trusting in the rugged terrain, rose in revolt, and governor after governor failed to subdue them. The court was alarmed and appointed Zao Governor of Beidi. Zao won them with sincerity and good faith; the Qiang all came to submit, and the court praised him. Three hundred men of Yong Province led by Wang Shubao petitioned to make Zao garrison commander of Sainu; the edict read, "The Selection Office has already appointed someone else; Zao has governed with kindness and should be given another post." After eight years in office he was transferred to Garrison Commander of Licheng. In Taihe the garrison was converted to Qi Province and Zao was appointed its governor. He was transferred to Governor of Qin Province. The people of Qin, trusting in the difficult terrain, were mostly fierce and rough; some refused taxes, some killed officials, and previous governors had all ruled from afar without ever entering the counties. Zao proclaimed kindness and faith and executed the violent overlords; the Qiang and Di feared him, and governors at last could take up their proper seats. When the emperor marched south on campaign, Zao was made commander-in-chief of the eastern route. The people of Qin grew restless; he was ordered back to his province and popular feeling settled. He then joined Pacifier of the South Yuan Ying in the Hanzhong campaign, routed the rebel armies, and swept on to Nanzheng, nearly pacifying Liang Province, until an imperial order recalled the army and the conquest went uncompleted.
68
後車駕南伐，以藻為征虜將軍，督統軍高聰等四軍為東道別將，辭于洛水之南。 孝文曰：「與卿石頭相見。」 藻對曰：「臣雖才非古人，庶亦不留賊虜而遺陛下。 輒當釃曲阿之酒以待百官。」 帝大笑曰：「今未至曲阿，且以河東數石賜卿。」 後與高聰等戰敗，俱徙平州。 景明初，宣武追錄舊功，拜藻為太尉司馬。 卒。
Later, on the southern campaign, Zao was made General Who Subdues the Barbarians and, supervising the four armies under Commander Gao Cong and others, served as separate commander of the eastern route and took leave south of the Luo River. Emperor Xiaowen said, "I shall see you at Stone Citadel." Zao replied, "Though my talent falls short of the ancients, I hope at least not to leave the enemy standing for Your Majesty. I shall at once broach the wine of Qu'e to toast the hundred officials." The emperor laughed and said, "We have not yet reached Qu'e—for now take several shi of Hedong wine as my gift." Later he was defeated along with Gao Cong and the others, and all were banished to Ping Province. At the start of Jingming, Emperor Xuanwu recalled his former service and appointed him Grand Marshal of the Grand Commandant. He died.
69
子紹珍，無他才用，善附會，好飲酒。 結托劉騰，啟為其國郎中令，襲子爵。 永安中，曆河北、黎陽二郡太守，所在無政績。 天平中，坐子洪業入於關中，率眾侵擾，伏法。
His son Shaozhen had no other talent; he knew how to curry favor and loved his wine. He attached himself to Liu Teng, who had him made Director of the Household of Liu's fief, and he inherited the viscountcy. In Yong'an he served successively as governor of Hebei and Liyang, achieving nothing in either post. In Tianping, because his son Hongye entered Guanzhong and led troops in raids, he was executed.
70
傅永，字脩期，清河人也。 幼隨叔父洪仲與張幸自青州入魏，尋復南奔。 有氣幹，拳勇過人，能手執鞍橋，倒立馳騁。 年二十餘，有友人與之書而不能答，請洪仲，洪仲深讓之而不為報。 永乃發憤讀書，涉獵經史，兼有才幹。 為崔道固城局參軍，與道固俱降，入為平齊百姓。 父母並老，饑寒十數年，賴其強於人事，戮力傭丐，得以存立。 晚為奉禮郎，詣長安拜文明太后父燕宣王廟，賜爵貝丘男，除中書博士。 王肅之為豫州，又以永為王肅平南長史。 咸陽王禧慮肅難信，言于孝文。 曰：「已選傅脩期為其長史，雖威儀不足，而文武有餘矣。」 肅以永宿士，禮之甚厚； 永亦以肅為帝眷遇，盡心事之，情義至穆。
Fu Yong, style Xiuqi, was a native of Qinghe. As a youth he followed his uncle Hongzhong and Zhang Xing from Qing Province into Wei, then soon fled south again. He had force of spirit and fists that surpassed other men—he could grip the saddle bow and ride upside down at full gallop. In his twenties a friend wrote to him and he could not reply; he asked Hongzhong, who rebuked him sharply and refused to answer for him. Yong then threw himself into study, ranged through the classics and histories, and proved gifted in both civil and military affairs. He served Cui Daogu as garrison bureau aide; he surrendered with Daogu and entered Wei as a commoner of the Pacified Qi. Both parents were old; for more than ten years of hunger and cold he relied on his knack for getting by, toiling at hired labor and begging together, barely keeping them alive. Late in life he became Court Gentleman of Ceremonies, went to Chang'an to worship at the temple of Empress Wumingwen's father Prince Yan Xuan, was granted the title Baron of Beiqiu, and appointed Doctor of the Secretariat. When Wang Su became governor of Yu Province, Yong was again made his Chief of Staff for Pacifying the South. Prince Xi'an of Xianyang feared Su was not to be trusted and spoke to Emperor Xiaowen. He said, "I have already chosen Fu Xiuqi as his chief of staff; though his formal bearing falls short, in civil and military matters he has more than enough to spare." Su treated Yong, an old companion, with the greatest courtesy; Yong too, knowing Su enjoyed the emperor's favor, served him with all his heart, and their bond was one of deepest harmony.
71
齊將魯康祖、趙公政侵豫州之太倉口，肅令永擊之。 永量吳、楚兵好以斫營為事，又賊若夜來，必於渡淮之所，以火記其淺處。 永既設伏，仍密令人以瓠盛火，渡南岸，當深處置之，教云：「若有火起，即亦燃之。」 其夜，康祖、公政等果親率領來斫營。 東西二伏夾擊之，康祖等奔趨淮水。 火既競起，不能記其本濟，遂望永所置火爭渡。 水深溺死，斬首者數千級，生禽公政。 康祖人馬墜淮，曉而獲其屍，斬首並公政送京師。
Qi generals Lu Kangzu and Zhao Gongzheng raided the Grand Granary mouth of Yu Province; Su ordered Yong to strike them. Yong judged that Wu and Chu troops loved night raids on camps, and that if the enemy came by night they would mark the shallow fords on the Huai with fire. Having set ambushes, he secretly had men carry fire in gourds across the south bank and place them where the water ran deep, instructing, "If fires appear, light these as well." That night Kangzu, Gongzheng, and the rest did indeed lead their men in person to raid the camp. Ambushes east and west closed on them; Kangzu and the others dashed for the Huai. Fires blazed up everywhere; they could not find their original ford and rushed toward the fires Yong had set. The water was deep and many drowned; several thousand heads were taken, and Gongzheng was captured alive. Kangzu's men and horses fell into the Huai; at dawn his corpse was recovered, and the heads of both were sent to the capital.
72
時裴叔業率王茂先、李定等東侵楚王戍，肅復令永將伏兵，擊其後軍，破之，獲叔業傘扇鼓幕甲仗萬餘。 兩月之中，遂獻再捷。 帝嘉之，遣謁者就豫州，策拜永安遠將軍、鎮南府長史、汝南太守、貝丘縣男。 帝每歎曰：「上馬能擊賊，下馬作露布，唯傅脩期耳。」
When Pei Shuye led Wang Maoxian, Li Ding, and others east to attack the Prince of Chu's garrison, Su again sent Yong with ambush troops to strike their rear, routed them, and seized more than ten thousand pieces of Shuye's umbrellas, fans, drums, screens, armor, and gear. Within two months he reported victory twice. The emperor praised him and sent an envoy to Yu Province to appoint him by written warrant Acting General of Distant Pacification of Yong'an, Chief of Staff of the Southern Garrison, Governor of Runan, and Baron of Beiqiu. The emperor would sigh, "Able to strike the enemy from horseback and write battle bulletins on foot—only Fu Xiuqi!"
73
裴叔業又圍渦陽，時帝在豫州，遣永為統軍，與高聰、劉藻、成道益、任莫問等救之。 永曰：「深溝固壘，然後圖之。」 聰等不從，一戰而敗。 聰等棄甲奔懸瓠，永獨收散卒徐還。 賊追至，又設伏擊之，挫其銳。 藻徙邊，永免官爵而已。 不經旬，詔永為汝陰鎮將，帶汝陰太守。
Pei Shuye again besieged Woyang; the emperor was then in Yu Province and sent Yong as commander-in-chief with Gao Cong, Liu Zao, Cheng Daoyi, Ren Moqun, and others to relieve it. Yong said, "Dig deep trenches and fortify the ramparts—then consider the next move." Cong and the rest would not listen; one battle and they were defeated. Cong and the others threw away their armor and fled to Xuanshi; Yong alone gathered the scattered troops and withdrew at leisure. The enemy pursued; he set another ambush and blunted their momentum. Zao was banished to the frontier; Yong was merely stripped of rank and title. Within less than ten days Yong was ordered to be garrison commander of Ruyin, concurrently Governor of Ruyin.
74
景明初，裴叔業將以壽春歸魏，密通於永。 及將迎納，詔永為統軍，與楊大眼、奚康生等諸軍俱入壽春。 同日而永在後，故康生、大眼二人並賞列士，永唯清河男。 齊將陳伯之逼壽春，沿淮為寇。 時司徒彭城王勰、廣陵侯元衍同鎮壽春，以九江初附，人情未洽，兼台援不至，深以為憂。 詔遣永為統軍，領汝陰三千人先援之。 永至，勰令永引軍入城。 永曰：「若如教旨，便共殿下同被圍守，豈是救援之意？」 遂孤軍城外，與勰並勢以擊伯之，頻有克捷。
At the start of Jingming Pei Shuye was to surrender Shouchun to Wei and secretly communicated with Yong. When the surrender was to be received, Yong was ordered commander-in-chief and entered Shouchun with Yang Dayan, Xi Kangsheng, and the other armies. On the same day Yong was in the rear, so Kangsheng and Dayan were both rewarded as valiant knights, while Yong received only the title Baron of Qinghe. Qi general Chen Bozhi pressed on Shouchun and raided along the Huai. Then Minister over the Masses Prince Pengcheng of Xie and Marquis Guangling Yuan Yan jointly garrisoned Shouchun; Jiujiang had only just submitted, hearts were not yet won, capital reinforcements had not arrived, and they were deeply worried. Yong was ordered commander-in-chief and led three thousand men from Ruyin as the first relief. When Yong arrived, Xie ordered him to lead his troops into the city. Yong said, "If I follow that order, I shall share entrapment with Your Highness—is that what relief means?" He kept his army alone outside the walls and joined forces with Xie to strike Bozhi, winning victory after victory.
75
中山王英之征義陽，永為甯朔將軍、統軍，當長圍遏其南門。 齊將馬仙琕連營稍進，規解城圍。 永乃分兵付長史賈思祖，令守營壘，自將馬步千人，南逆仙琕。 賊俯射永，洞其左股，永出箭復入，遂大破之。 仙琕燒營卷甲而遁。 英曰：「公傷矣！ 且還營。」 永曰：「昔漢祖捫足，不欲人知。 下官雖微，國家一帥，奈何使虜有傷將之名！」 遂與諸軍追之，極夜而返。 時年七十餘矣，三軍莫不壯之。
When Prince Zhongshan of Ying campaigned against Yiyang, Yong served as General of Pacifying the North and commander-in-chief, holding the long encirclement at the southern gate. Qi general Ma Xianbi advanced camp by camp, planning to lift the siege. Yong then left troops with Chief Clerk Jia Sizu to hold the camps and personally led a thousand horse and foot south to meet Xianbi. The enemy shot down at Yong and pierced his left thigh; Yong pulled out the arrow and charged back in, and routed them utterly. Xianbi burned his camps, rolled up his armor, and fled. Ying said, "Sir, you are wounded! Go back to camp." Yong said, "Long ago Emperor Gao of Han clutched his foot and did not want others to know. Though I am lowly, I am a commander of the state—how can I let the enemy boast that they wounded a general!" He pursued with the other armies and returned only at dead of night. He was then past seventy; the whole army was stirred with admiration.
76
義陽既平，英使司馬陸希道為露布，意謂不可，令永改之。 永亦不增文采，直與之改，陳列軍儀，處置形要，而英深賞之。 還京，除太中大夫。
When Yiyang was pacified, Ying had Major Lu Xidao draft the victory bulletin but thought it inadequate and ordered Yong to revise it. Yong added no literary flourish—he simply reworked it, setting forth military order and dispositions, and Ying deeply admired it. On returning to the capital he was appointed Grand Palace Counselor.
77
後除恆農太守，非心所樂。 時英東征鐘離，表請永，求以為將，朝廷不聽。 永每言曰：「馬援、充國，竟何人哉？ 吾獨白首見拘此郡！」 然於御人非其所長，故在任無多聲稱。 後為南袞州刺史。 年逾八十，猶能馳射，盤馬奮槊，常諱言老，每自稱六十九。 還京，拜光祿大夫。 卒，贈齊州刺史。
Later he was made Governor of Hengnong—not to his liking. When Ying campaigned east against Zhongli he petitioned for Yong and begged to use him as a general; the court would not agree. Yong would often say, "What manner of men were Ma Yuan and Zhao Chongguo? Must I alone, white-haired, be chained to this commandery!" Yet governing people was not his strength, so in office he won little renown. Later he became Governor of Southern Yanzhou. Past eighty he could still ride and shoot, wheel his horse and flourish his spear; he always shunned talk of age and called himself sixty-nine. He returned to the capital and was appointed Grand Master for the Splendor of State. He died and was posthumously appointed Governor of Qizhou.
78
永嘗登北芒，於平坦處奮矛躍馬，盤旋瞻望，有終焉之志。 遠慕杜預，近好李沖、王肅，欲葬附墓。 遂買左右地數頃，遺敕子叔偉：「此吾之永宅也。」 永妻賈氏留本鄉，永至代都，娶妾馮氏，生叔偉及數女。 賈后歸平城，無男，唯一女。 馮恃子，事賈無禮，叔偉亦奉賈不順，賈常忿之。 馮先永卒，叔偉稱父命欲葬北芒，賈疑叔偉將以馮合葬，遂求歸葬永于所封貝丘縣。 事經司徒，司徒胡國珍感其所慕，許叔偉葬焉。 賈乃邀訴靈太后，太后從賈意，乃葬於東清河。 又永昔營宅兆，葬父母于舊鄉，賈于此強徙之，與永同處，永宗親不能抑。 葬已數十年矣，棺為桑棗根所繞束，去地尺餘，甚為周固。 以斧斫，出之于坎，時人咸怪。
Yong once climbed the Northern Mang Hills; on a level stretch he brandished his spear and spurred his horse, circling and looking about as though he meant to end his days there. He admired Du Yu from afar and in his own day favored Li Chong and Wang Su, hoping to be buried beside their graves. He bought several mou of land on either side and left instructions to his son Shuwei: "This is where I shall rest forever. Yong's wife Lady Jia stayed in her home district. When Yong reached Dai he took concubine Lady Feng, who bore Shuwei and several daughters. Lady Jia returned to Pingcheng with no sons, only a single daughter. Feng leaned on her son and treated Jia rudely; Shuwei likewise slighted Jia, who grew bitter toward them. Feng died before Yong. Shuwei cited his father's orders and wanted burial on the Northern Mang, but Jia feared he would inter Feng beside Yong and demanded Yong be buried in his fief of Beiqiu county instead. The case went to the Minister over the Masses Hu Guozhen, who, touched by Yong's chosen exemplars, allowed Shuwei to bury him on the Mang. Jia appealed to Empress Dowager Ling, who took her side, and Yong was buried in Eastern Qinghe. Yong had also prepared a family grave in his native district and buried his parents there; Jia had them forcibly moved to Yong's new tomb, and his kin could not stop her. Though decades had passed, the coffins were wound tight with mulberry and jujube roots and stood more than a foot above the ground, remarkably secure. They were cut free with axes and raised from the pit, and all who saw it were astonished.
79
叔偉膂力過人，彎弓三百斤，左右馳射，能立馬上與人角騁，見者以為得永武而不得永文。
Shuwei's strength surpassed ordinary men; he drew a three-hundred-jin bow, shot on the move from either hand, and could wrestle mounted—observers said he had Yong's fighting skill but not his refinement.
80
傅豎眼，本清河人也。 七世祖伷。 伷子遘，石季龍太常。 祖父融，南徙度河，家于磐陽，為鄉閭所重。 性豪俠，有三子，靈慶、靈根、靈越，並有才力。 融以自負，謂足為一時之雄。 嘗謂人曰：「吾昨夢夜，有一駿馬，無堪乘者，人曰'何由得人乘'，有一人曰'唯傅靈慶堪乘此馬'； 又有弓一張，亦無人堪引，人曰'唯有傅靈根可彎此弓'； 又有數紙文書，人皆讀不能解，人曰'唯有傅靈越能解此文。 '」融謂其三子文武才幹足以駕馭當世，常從容謂鄉人曰：「汝聞之不？ 鬲蟲之子有三靈，此圖讖文也。」 好事者然之，故豪勇士多相歸附。
Fu Shuyan was a native of Qinghe. His seventh-generation ancestor was You. You's son Sui served Shi Hu of Later Zhao as Grand Minister of Ceremonies. His grandfather Rong migrated south across the Yellow River and made his home at Panyang, esteemed among neighbors. Bold and chivalrous by nature, he had three sons—Lingqing, Linggen, and Lingyue—each strong and capable. Rong, full of self-confidence, reckoned himself a hero of the times. He once said to others: "I dreamed last night of a fine horse and no rider worthy of it. They asked who could ride it, and someone answered, 'Only Fu Lingqing. There was also a bow no one could draw; they said, 'Only Fu Linggen can bend it. And several written sheets no one could read; they said, 'Only Fu Lingyue can make sense of them. Rong declared that his three sons' civil and military gifts were enough to command the age, and would calmly tell neighbors: "Have you heard? The son of the Ge creature has three Ling—that is what the prophecy means.' Believers took him at his word, and bold fighting men flocked to his banner.
81
宋將蕭斌、王玄謨寇磝碻。 時融始死，玄謨強引靈慶為軍主。 將攻城，攻車為城內所燒，靈慶懼軍法，詐云傷重，令左右輿還營，遂與壯士數十騎遁還。 斌、玄謨命追之。 左右諫曰：「靈慶兄弟並有雄才，兼其部曲多是壯勇，如彭超、屍生之徒，皆一當數十人，援不虛發，不可逼也。」 玄謨乃止。 靈慶至家，遂與二弟匿山澤間。 時靈慶從叔乾愛為斌法曹參軍，斌遣乾愛誘呼之，以腰刀為信，密令壯健者隨之。 而乾愛不知斌之欲圖靈慶。 既至，斌所遣壯士執靈慶殺之。 靈慶將死，與母崔氏訣，言：「法曹殺人，不可忘也。」
Song generals Xiao Bin and Wang Xuemo invaded Aoqi. Rong had just died; Xuemo pressed Lingqing into service as army commander. As they prepared to storm the city, defenders burned the siege engines. Fearful of punishment, Lingqing feigned serious wounds, was carried back to camp, and fled with several dozen picked horsemen. Bin and Xuemo ordered him pursued. His staff warned: "The Lingqing brothers are all formidable, and their followers—men like Peng Chao and Shisheng—fight one against many and never miss a shot. Do not press them. Xuemo heeded them and halted the pursuit. Lingqing reached home and hid in the hills with his two brothers. His cousin Fu Gan'ai was Bin's Registrar of the Law; Bin sent Gan'ai to call them in with a waist-knife as pledge, while strong men followed secretly. Gan'ai did not know Bin meant to seize Lingqing. When they arrived, Bin's men seized Lingqing and killed him. Facing death, Lingqing bade farewell to his mother Lady Cui: "The Registrar of the Law has shed blood—never forget it."
82
靈根、靈越奔河北。 靈越至京師，因說齊人慕化，青州可平。 文成大悅，拜靈越青州刺史、貝丘子，鎮羊蘭城； 靈根為臨齊副將，鎮明潛壘。 靈越北入之後，母崔氏遇赦免。 宋恐靈越在邊擾三齊，乃以靈越叔父琰為冀州中從事，乾愛為樂陵太守。 樂陵與羊蘭隔河相對，命琰遣其門生與靈越婢詐為夫婦，投化以招之。 靈越與母分離思積，遂與靈根南走。 靈越與羊蘭奮兵相擊，乾愛出，遣船迎之，得免。 靈根差期，不得俱渡，臨齊人知，剉斬殺之。 乾愛出郡迎靈越，問靈根愆期狀，靈越殊不應答。 乾愛不以為惡，敕左右出匣中烏皮袴褶，令靈越代所常服。 靈越言「不須」。 乾愛云：「汝可著體上衣服見垣公也？」 時垣護之為刺史。 靈越奮聲言：「垣公！ 垣公！ 著此當見南方國主，豈垣公也！」 竟不肯著。 及至丹陽，宋孝武見而禮之，拜袞州司馬，而乾愛亦遷青、冀司馬，帶魏郡。 後二人俱還建鄴。 靈越意恆欲為兄復仇，而乾愛初不疑防。 知乾愛嗜雞肉葵菜食，乃為作之，下以毒藥，乾愛飯還而卒。 後數年，靈越為太原太守，戍升城。 後舉兵同孝武子子勳，子勳以靈越為前軍將軍。 子勳敗，靈越軍眾散亡，為明帝將王廣之軍人所擒，厲聲曰：「我傅靈越也，汝得賊何不即殺！」 廣之生送詣宋輔國司馬劉勔，勔躬自慰勞。 靈越曰：「人生歸於死，實無面求活。」 勔壯其意，送詣建康。 宋明帝欲加原宥，靈越辭對如一，乃殺之。
Linggen and Lingyue fled to the north bank of the Yellow River. Lingyue reached the Northern Wei capital and argued that Qi's people longed for the dynasty and Qingzhou could be taken. Emperor Wencheng was delighted, appointed Lingyue Governor of Qingzhou and Marquis of Beiqiu, and posted him at Yanglan fortress; Linggen became deputy of the Linqi command and held Mingqian fort. Once Lingyue had gone north, Lady Cui received an amnesty. Song, fearing trouble on the Qi frontier, made his uncle Yan Inspector of Ji and Gan'ai Governor of Leling. Leling faced Yanglan across the river; Yan sent a household student and Lingyue's maid, posing as a couple, to lure him south. Longing for his mother, Lingyue went south with Linggen. Lingyue fought the Yanglan garrison; Gan'ai came out with boats and brought them off safely. Linggen missed the crossing; the Linqi garrison learned of it and cut him down. Gan'ai went out to welcome Lingyue and asked about Linggen's delay; Lingyue would not reply. Gan'ai took no offense and had attendants bring black leather riding dress from a chest for Lingyue to wear in place of his old clothes. Lingyue said, "I do not need them." Gan'ai said, "Will you appear before Lord Yuan dressed like that? Yuan Huzhi was then Regional Inspector. Lingyue shouted, "Lord Yuan! Lord Yuan! I am to wear this before the southern emperor—not before Lord Yuan! He refused to wear them. At Danyang, Emperor Xiaowu of Song honored him and made him Military Commander of Yanzhou; Gan'ai too became Military Commander of Qing and Ji with Wei commandery attached. Later both returned to Jiankang. Lingyue burned to avenge his brother; Gan'ai at first never guarded against him. Knowing Gan'ai loved chicken with purslane, he cooked it for him with poison; Gan'ai ate, went home, and died. Years later Lingyue was Governor of Taiyuan, garrisoning Shengcheng. He later joined Zixun's rebellion; Zixun made him General of the Vanguard. Zixun fell; Lingyue's troops dispersed. Wang Guangzhi's men seized him, and he shouted: "I am Fu Lingyue! You have your enemy—why not kill me now! Guangzhi sent him alive to Liu Kan, Assistant to the General Who Conquers the North, who came out in person to comfort him. Lingyue said: "All men must die; I have no shame left to beg for my life. Kan admired his spirit and sent him to Jiankang. Emperor Ming wished to spare him, but Lingyue answered as steadfastly as ever and was put to death.
83
豎眼即靈越子也，沉毅壯烈，少有父風。 入魏，鎮南王肅見而異之，且奇其父節，傾身禮敬，表為參軍。 以軍功累遷益州刺史。 高肇伐蜀，假豎眼征虜將軍、持節，領步兵三萬，先討巴北，所至克捷。 豎眼性既清素，不營產業，衣食之外，俸祿粟帛皆以饗賜夷首，振恤士卒。 撫蜀人以恩信為本，保境安人，不以小利侵竊。 有掠蜀人入境者，皆移送還本。 檢勒部下，守宰肅然。 遠近雜夷相率款謁，仰其德化，思為魏人矣。 宣武甚嘉之。
Shuyan was Lingyue's son: stern, resolute, and bold, with his father's spirit even as a youth. Entering Wei, Prince of Zhennan Xiao Su was impressed by him and by his father's integrity, treated him with full courtesy, and had him appointed to his staff. By military merit he rose to Governor of Yizhou. In Gao Zhao's Shu campaign, Shuyan was made acting General Who Pacifies the Barbarians with the Staff, leading thirty thousand foot to subdue northern Ba and winning wherever he marched. Plain and austere by nature, he built no estates; beyond necessities he spent salary, grain, and silk on tribal leaders and his troops. He ruled Shu through kindness and trust, kept the borders secure and the people at peace, and scorned petty plunder. Anyone who seized Shu subjects across the border was returned home. He kept his subordinates in strict order; local officials stood in awe of him. Tribes far and near came to submit, drawn by his virtue and wishing to become Wei subjects. Emperor Xuanwu praised him highly.
84
明帝初，屢請解州，乃以元法僧代之，益州人追隨戀泣者數百里。 梁將趙祖悅逼壽春，鎮南將軍崔亮討之，以豎眼為持節、鎮南軍司。
When Emperor Ming first took the throne, Shuyan repeatedly asked to leave office; Yuan Faseng replaced him, and Yizhou people followed him weeping for hundreds of li. Liang general Zhao Zuyue threatened Shouyang; Cui Liang, General Who Guards the South, made Shuyan Bearer of the Staff and army supervisor for the campaign.
85
法僧既至，大失人和。 梁遣其衡州刺史張齊因人心怨入寇，進圍州城。 朝廷以西南為憂，乃驛征豎眼於淮南，以為益州刺史。 尋加散騎常侍、西征都督，率步騎三千以討齊。 給銅印千餘，須有假職者，聽六品已下板之。 豎眼既出梁州，梁軍所在拒塞，豎眼三日中轉戰二百餘里，甲不去身，頻致九捷。 蜀人聞豎眼復為刺史，人人喜悅，迎于路者日有百數。 豎眼至州，白水已東，人皆寧業。 張齊仍阻白水屯，寇葭萌。 豎眼分遣諸將水陸討之，大破其軍。 齊被重創，奔而退，小劍大劍賊亦捐城西走，益州平。 靈太后璽書慰勞，賜驊騮馬一匹，寶劍一口。
When Faseng arrived he lost all popular support. Liang sent Hengzhou Inspector Zhang Qi to exploit the discontent and invade, pressing the siege of the capital. Alarmed for the southwest, the court recalled Shuyan by express from Huainan and reappointed him Governor of Yizhou. He was soon made Palace Attendant and Commander of the Western Expedition with three thousand foot and horse to strike Qi. He received more than a thousand bronze seals and authority to grant provisional posts through sixth rank on wooden boards. Leaving Liangzhou, he met Liang resistance at every turn; in three days he fought over two hundred li without removing his armor and won nine battles straight. Hearing Shuyan was governor again, the people of Shu rejoiced; hundreds greeted him on the road each day. By the time he reached the province, all east of the Baishui had settled in peace. Zhang Qi still blocked the Baishui ford and raided Jiameng. Shuyan sent generals against him by land and water and routed his army. Qi was badly wounded and fled; rebels at Lesser Sword and Greater Sword abandoned their cities and fled west, and Yizhou was pacified. Empress Dowager Ling sent words of praise and granted a piebald horse and a treasured sword.
86
後轉岐州刺史，仍轉梁州刺史。 梁州人既得豎眼為牧，人咸自賀。 而豎眼至州遇患，不堪綜理。 其子敬紹嶮暴不仁，聚貨耽色，甚為人害，遠近怨望。 尋假鎮南將軍，都督梁、西益、巴三州諸軍事。 梁遣其北梁州長史錫休儒等十軍率眾三萬人寇直城，豎眼遣敬紹總眾赴擊，大破之。 敬紹頗覽書傳，微有膽力，而奢淫倜儻，輕為殘害，又見天下多事，陰懷異圖，欲杜絕四方，擅據南鄭。 令其妾兄唐昆侖扇攪於外，聚眾圍城，敬紹謀為內應。 賊圍既合，事泄，在城兵執敬紹； 白豎眼而殺之。 豎眼恚，發疾卒。 永安中，贈吏部尚書、齊州刺史。 孝武帝初，贈司空公、相州刺史。
He was later made Governor of Qi, then Governor of Liang. The people of Liang, having Shuyan as governor again, congratulated one another. When Shuyan arrived he fell ill and could not govern. His son Jingshao was savage and cruel, hoarded wealth and chased pleasure, and harmed the region until all despised him. He was soon made acting General Who Guards the South, commanding armies in Liang, Western Yizhou, and Ba. Liang sent North Liangzhou Chief Clerk Xi Xiuru with ten armies, thirty thousand men, against Zhicheng; Shuyan sent Jingshao to meet them and won a crushing victory. Jingshao had some learning and nerve, but was extravagant, dissolute, and casually brutal; seeing chaos in the realm, he plotted to seal off the roads and hold Nanzheng for himself. He set his concubine's brother Tang Kunlun to agitate abroad and raise a siege while he conspired within. The rebels closed the ring; the plot was exposed and the garrison seized Jingshao; He reported to Shuyan, who had him put to death. Shuyan, furious, took ill and died. In Yongan he was posthumously Minister of the Civil Service and Governor of Qizhou. When Emperor Xiaowu first took the throne, he was posthumously Duke of Works and Governor of Xiangzhou.
87
長子敬和，次敬仲，並好酒薄行，傾側勢家。 敬和，孝莊時以其父有遺惠於益州，復為益州刺史。 至州，聚斂無已，好酒嗜色，遠近失望。 仍為梁將樊文熾攻圍，城降，送於江南。 後以齊神武威德日廣，令敬和還北，以申和通之意。 除北徐州刺史，復以耽酒為土賊掩襲，棄城走。 遂廢棄，卒於家。
His eldest son Jinghe and second son Jingzhong were both heavy drinkers of poor character, currying favor with the powerful. Under Emperor Xiaozhuang, Jinghe was again made Governor of Yizhou, his father's lingering goodwill in the province still remembered. Once in office he extorted without cease, drowned himself in wine and women, and disappointed the whole region. The Liang general Fan Wenchi besieged him; the city fell and he was sent south of the Yangtze. As Northern Qi's prestige grew, Jinghe was sent back north to show a desire for peace. Made Governor of North Xuzhou, he was again caught drunk by local bandits, abandoned the city, and fled. Dismissed from office, he died at home.
88
張烈，字徽之，清河東武城人也，孝文帝賜名曰烈，仍以本名為字焉。 高祖悕，為慕容俊尚書右僕射。 曾祖恂，散騎常侍，隨慕容德南度，因居齊郡之臨淄縣。
Zhang Lie, style Huizhi, came from Dongwucheng in Qinghe. Emperor Xiaowen gave him the personal name Lie while keeping his original name as his style. His great-grandfather Xi served Murong Jun as Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing. His grandfather Xun was Palace Attendant. He followed Murong De south and settled in Linzi, Qi Commandery.
89
烈少孤貧，涉獵經史，有氣概，時青州有崔徽伯、房徽叔、與烈並有令譽，時人號「三徽」。 孝文時，入官代都，曆侍御、主文中散。 遷洛，為太子步兵校尉。
Orphaned and poor, Lie read widely in the classics and histories and had real backbone. In Qingzhou, Cui Huibo and Fang Huishu shared his renown; contemporaries called them the "Three Huizhi." Under Xiaowen he entered service at the northern capital, rising through Attendant and Master of Documents in the Secretariat. After the move to Luoyang he became Commandant of Footsoldiers for the Crown Prince.
90
齊將陳顯達謀將入寇，時順陽太守王青石，世官江南，荊州刺史、廣陽王嘉慮其有異，表請代之。 詔侍臣各舉所知，互有申薦者。 帝曰：「太子步兵張烈，每論軍國事，時有會人意處，朕欲用之如何？」 彭城王勰稱讚之，遂除順陽太守。 烈到郡二日，便為齊將崔慧景攻，圍之七十餘日，烈撫厲將士，甚得軍人之和。 會車駕南討，慧景遁走。 帝親勞之曰：「卿果能不負所寄。」 烈謝曰：「不遇鑾輿親駕，臣不免困於犬羊。 自是陛上不負臣，非臣能不負陛下。」 帝善其對。
Qi general Chen Xianda was preparing to invade. Shunyang governor Wang Qingshi came from a southern official family; Jingzhou governor Prince Guangyang Jia, fearing disloyalty, asked to replace him. The emperor ordered each attendant minister to recommend someone he knew; several names were put forward. The emperor said, "Crown Prince's Commandant Zhang Lie—when he speaks of military and state affairs he often grasps the point. Shall I use him? Prince Pengcheng Xie praised him, and Lie was made Governor of Shunyang. Two days after Lie took office, Qi general Cui Huijing attacked and besieged him for over seventy days. Lie rallied his men and won the army's loyalty. The emperor marched south; Huijing fled. The emperor came in person to praise him: "You truly did not betray my trust." Lie answered, "Had Your Majesty not come yourself, I would still be trapped among dogs and goats. It is Your Majesty who did not fail me—not I who did not fail Your Majesty." The emperor was pleased with his answer.
91
宣武即位，追錄先勳，封清河縣子。 尋以母老歸養，積十餘年。 頻遇凶儉，烈為粥以食饑人，蒙濟者甚眾，鄉黨以此稱之。
When Xuanwu succeeded, prior service was rewarded and Lie was enfeoffed Viscount of Qinghe. He soon went home to care for his aged mother and stayed away more than ten years. Famine came again and again; Lie cooked gruel for the starving and saved countless lives. His neighbors praised him for it.
92
明帝即位，為司空長史。 先是元叉父江陽王繼曾為青州刺史，及叉當權，烈托故義之懷，遂相諂附。 曆給事黃門侍郎、光祿大夫。 靈太后反政，以叉黨出為青州刺史。 時議者以烈家產畜殖，家僮甚多，慮其有異，恐不宜出為本州，改瀛州刺史。 為政清靜，吏人安之。 後因辭老還鄉，兄弟同居怡然，為親類所慕。 卒於家。
When Ming succeeded, Lie became Chief Clerk to the Minister of Works. Yuan Cha's father Prince Jiangyang Ji had once governed Qingzhou; when Cha rose, Lie leaned on old ties and flattered his way into favor. He rose through Attendant of the Yellow Gate and Grand Master for the Splendor of State. When Empress Ling retook power, he was exiled to Qingzhou as one of Cha's party. Critics said Lie's estates and servants had grown too large and feared trouble if he governed his home province, so he was made Governor of Yingzhou instead. He governed quietly and fairly; officials and people were content. He retired home in old age; he and his brothers lived together in easy harmony, to the envy of their kin. He died at home.
93
烈先為家誡千餘言，並自敘志行及所曆之官。 臨終，敕子侄不聽求贈，但勒家誡立碣而已。 其子質奉行焉。
Lie had already written a thousand-word family admonition and a memoir of his aims, conduct, and offices. Dying, he forbade his sons and nephews to seek posthumous titles—only to carve his family admonition on stone. His son Zhi obeyed.
94
質博學有才藝，位諫議大夫。
Zhi was learned and gifted, rising to Remonstrating Censor.
95
烈弟僧皓，字山容，曆涉群書，工于談說，有名於當世。 以諫議大夫、國子博士、散騎侍郎徵，並不起，世號徵君焉。 好營產業，孜孜不已，藏鏹巨萬，他資稱是。 兄弟自供儉約，車馬瘦弊，身服布裳，而婢妾紈綺。 僧皓尤好蒲弈，戲不擇人，是以獲譏於世。 節閔帝時，崔祖螭舉兵攻東陽城，僧皓與同事，事敗，死於獄中。
Lie's brother Senghao, style Shanrong, read widely and excelled at talk; he was known in his day. Summoned as censor, university erudite, and palace gentleman, he never took office; the world called him the Recluse. He loved amassing property and never stopped; his cash ran to tens of thousands, his other holdings likewise. The brothers lived plainly—thin horses, coarse carts, cotton robes on their own backs—while their maids and concubines wore brocade. Senghao loved liubo above all and would play with anyone, which earned him ridicule. Under Emperor Jiemin, Cui Zuchi attacked Dongyang; Senghao joined him, the plot failed, and he died in prison.
96
李叔彪，勃海蓚人也。 從祖金，神蒨中，與高允俱徵，位征南從事中郎。 叔彪好學博聞，有識度，為鄉閭所稱。 太和中，拜中書博士，與清河崔亮、河間邢巒並相親友。 三遷國子博士、本國中正，攝樂陵中正。 性清直，甚有公平之稱。 曆中書侍郎。 太尉、高陽王雍以其器操重之。 尋除假節，行華州事，為吏人所稱。 卒，贈南青州刺史，諡曰穆。
Li Shubiao came from Mao in Bohai. His father's cousin Jin, in Shenrui, was summoned with Gao Yun and rose to Staff Officer on the southern campaign. Shubiao loved learning, knew a great deal, and had judgment; his neighbors praised him. In Taihe he became Secretariat Erudite and befriended Cui Liang of Qinghe and Xing Luan of Hejian. Promoted thrice, he was university erudite and native commandery rectifier, and also acted as rectifier of Leling. Upright by nature, he was known for fairness. He served as Secretariat Gentleman. Grand Marshal Prince Gaoyang Yong valued his character and ability. He was soon given provisional credentials to govern Huazhou, to the praise of officials and people. He died and was posthumously Governor of South Qingzhou, posthumous name Mu.
97
叔彪子述，字道興，有學識，州舉秀才，拜太常博士。 使詣長安冊祭燕宣王廟。 還，除儀曹郎，賜爵蓚縣男。 稍遷興平太守。 卒。
His son Shu, style Daoxing, was learned; the province recommended him as xiucai and he became Grand Sacrifices Erudite. He was sent to Chang'an to perform the investiture rites at Prince Xuanyan of Yan's temple. Returning, he was made Gentleman of the Ceremonial Bureau and enfeoffed Baron of Mao. He rose to Governor of Xingping. He died.
98
子象，字孟則，清簡有風概，博涉群書。 襲爵，稍遷中書侍郎、光祿大夫，兼散騎常侍，使梁。 卒，贈驃騎大將軍、儀同三司，冀州刺史。 象從容風素，有名于時，喪妻無子，終竟不娶，論者非之。
His son Xiang, style Mengze, was spare in manner and widely read. He inherited the title, rose to Secretariat Gentleman and Grand Master for the Splendor of State, served concurrently as Palace Cadency Gentleman, and went as envoy to Liang. He died and was posthumously General of Agile Cavalry, Equal in Honor to the Three Excellencies, and Governor of Jizhou. Xiang was graceful and known in his day; widowed and childless, he never remarried—to the disapproval of critics.
99
路恃慶，字伯瑞，陽平清泉人也。 祖綽，陽平太守。 恃慶有幹用，與廣平宋翻俱知名，為鄉閭所稱。 太和中，除奉朝請，恃慶以從兄文舉有才望，因推讓之，孝文遂並拜焉。 累遷定州河間王琛長史。 琛貪暴肆意，恃慶每進苦言。 卒，贈左將軍、安州刺史，諡曰襄。 子祖璧，給事中。
Lu Shiqing, style Borui, came from Qingquan in Yangping. His grandfather Chuo was Governor of Yangping. Shiqing was capable and, with Song Fan of Guangping, enjoyed local renown. In Taihe he was made Court Gentleman; seeing his cousin Wenju's greater talent, he yielded the post, and Xiaowen appointed them both. He rose to Chief Clerk to Prince Hejian Chen of Dingzhou. Chen was greedy and brutal; Shiqing often spoke harsh truth to him. He died and was posthumously General of the Left and Governor of Anzhou, posthumous name Xiang. His son Zubi served as Palace Attendant.
100
恃慶弟仲信、思令，並有令名官位。
His brothers Zhongxin and Siling also won good names and offices.
101
房亮，字景高，清河人也。 父法延，譙郡太守。 亮好學有節操。 太和中，舉秀才，為奉朝請。 後兼員外常侍，使高麗。 高麗王托疾不拜。 以亮辱命，坐白衣守郎中。 曆濟北、平原二郡太守，以清嚴稱。 後為東荊州刺史，亮留心撫納，夷夏安之。 時邊州刺史例得一子出身，亮不言其子而啟弟子起為奉朝請，議者稱之。 卒于光祿大夫，贈撫軍將軍、齊州刺史。
Fang Liang, style Jinggao, came from Qinghe. His father Fayán was Governor of Qiao. Liang loved learning and held to principle. In Taihe he was recommended as xiucai and made Court Gentleman. Later he served as Extraordinary Attendant and went as envoy to Goguryeo. The Goguryeo king claimed illness and refused the ceremonial bow. Liang was judged to have failed his mission and was reduced to commoner rank while retained as a writing-office gentleman. He governed Jibei and Pingyuan in turn, known for stern integrity. Later he was Governor of East Jingzhou; he governed with care, and both barbarians and Chinese were at ease. Frontier governors could usually secure office for a son; Liang did not ask for his own son but recommended his nephew Qi as Court Gentleman, which critics praised. He died as Grand Master for the Splendor of State and was posthumously General Who Pacifies the Army and Governor of Qizhou.
102
弟詮、悅等，並歷位清顯。
His brothers Quan, Yue, and others all rose to distinguished office.
103
曹世表，字景升，魏大司馬休九世孫也。 祖謨，父慶，並有學問。 世表性雅正，工尺牘，涉獵群書。 為司徒記室，與武威賈思伯、范陽盧同、隴西辛雄並相友善。 侍中崔光，鄉里貴達，每稱美之。 延昌中，除清河太守，臨官省約，百姓安之。 孝昌中，為尚書左丞，出行東豫州刺史，遷東南道行台。 卒，贈齊州刺史。
Cao Shibiao, style Jingsheng, was ninth in descent from Wei Grand Marshal Xiu. His grandfather Mo and father Qing were both scholars. Shibiao was refined and upright, skilled at correspondence, and widely read. As Recorder to the Minister of Education he befriended Jia Sibo of Wuwei, Lu Tong of Fanyang, and Xin Xiong of Longxi. Attendant-in-Chief Cui Guang, a local dignitary, often praised him. In Yanchang he became Governor of Qinghe, governing frugally so the people were content. In Xiaochang he was Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing, then acting Governor of East Yuzhou, then Southeastern Circuit Commissioner. He died and was posthumously Governor of Qizhou.
104
潘永基，字紹業，長樂廣宗人也。 父靈乾，中書侍郎。 永基性通率，輕財好施。 為長樂太守。 時葛榮攻信都，永基與刺史元孚同心防捍。 力窮城陷，榮欲害孚，永基請以身代孚死。 永安二年，除潁川太守，遷東徐州刺史。 永熙中，為車騎將軍、左光祿大夫，尋加衛大將軍。 復除東徐州刺史，前後在州，為吏人所愛。 卒，贈尚書右僕射、司徒公、冀州刺史。
Pan Yongji, style Shaoye, came from Guangzong in Changle. His father Lingqian was Secretariat Gentleman. Yongji was frank by nature, careless of money, and generous. He became Governor of Changle. When Ge Rong attacked Xindu, Yongji and Inspector Yuan Fu stood shoulder to shoulder in the city's defense. When strength failed and the city fell, Rong meant to kill Fu; Yongji pleaded to die in his stead. In the second year of Yong'an he was appointed Governor of Yingchuan, then transferred to Governor of East Xuzhou. In Yongxi he became Cavalry General and Left Grand Master for the Splendor of State, and soon after Guard General as well. He was again appointed Governor of East Xuzhou, and in both stints there officials and people alike held him dear. He died and was posthumously Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing, Duke of the Masses, and Governor of Jizhou.
105
子子義、子智。 子義學涉有父風，仕隨，至尚書右丞。
His sons were Ziyi and Zhizhi. Ziyi was widely learned in his father's vein, entered Sui service, and rose to Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing.
106
硃元旭，字君升，本樂陵人也。 頗涉子史，開解几案。 稍遷尚書度支郎中。 神龜末，以郎選不精，大加沙汰。 元旭與隴西辛雄、范陽祖瑩、太山羊深、西平源子恭並以才用見留。 尋兼尚書右丞，仍郎中、本州中正。 時關西都督蕭寶夤啟雲所統十萬，食唯一月。 明帝大怒，詔問所由，錄、令已下皆推罪元旭。 入見御坐前，屈指校計，寶夤兵糧乃逾一年，事乃得釋。 後遷衛將軍、左光祿大夫。 天平中，復拜尚書左丞。 既無風操，俛仰隨俗，性多機數，自容而已。 于時朝廷分汲郡河內二界挾河之地立義州，置關西歸款戶，除元旭義州刺史，卒官。
Zhu Yuanxu, style Junsheng, was originally from Leling. He had read widely in the classics and histories and was sharp at administrative work. He rose to Bureau Director of Revenue in the Masters of Writing. At the end of Shengui, because court gentleman selection had grown lax, a sweeping purge was ordered. Yuanxu was kept, along with Xin Xiong of Longxi, Zu Ying of Fanyang, Yang Shen of Taishan, and Yuan Zigong of Xiping, for proven talent. Soon he was also Right Vice Director of the Masters of Writing, while retaining his bureau post and serving as Rectifier of his home province. At that time Guanxi Commissioner Xiao Baoyao reported that his hundred thousand troops had barely a month's rations. Emperor Ming flew into a rage and demanded an accounting; from the Secretariat and Chancellery heads on down, all laid the blame on Yuanxu. Summoned before the throne, he reckoned on his fingers and showed Baoyao's stores would last more than a year, and the affair was dropped. Later he was made Guard General and Left Grand Master for the Splendor of State. In Tianping he was again appointed Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing. He lacked moral backbone, bent with every fashion, and lived by stratagem—nothing more than self-preservation. The court then carved out riverine borderlands between Ji and Henei commanderies as Yizhou, settled surrendered households from Guanxi there, appointed Yuanxu its governor, and he died in office.
107
論曰：壽春形勝，南鄭要險，乃建鄴之肩髀，成都之喉嗌。 裴叔業、夏侯道遷體運知機，翻然鵲起，舉地而來，功誠兩茂，其以大啟茅賦，兼列旄ＣＭ，固其宜矣。 植不恆其德，器小志大，斯所以顛覆也。 衍才行將略，不遂其終，惜哉！ 李、席、王、江雖復因人成事，亦為果決之士。 淳于誕好立功名，有志竟不遂也。 文秀不回，有死節之氣，非直身蒙嘉禮，遂乃子免刑戮，在我欲其罵人，忠義可不勉也？ 張讜觀機委質，篤恤流離，亦仁智矣。 李苗以文武幹局，沉毅過人，臨難慨然，奮斯大節，蹈忠履義，沒而後已，仁必有勇，其斯人之謂乎！ 劉藻、傅永，豎眼文武器幹，知名于時。 豎眼加以撫邊導俗，風化尤美，方之二子，固已優乎，抑又魏世良牧。 張烈早有氣尚，名輩見知，趣舍沉浮，俱至顯達，雅道正路，其殆病諸。 李、路器尚所及，俱可觀者。 象風彩詞涉，亦當年之俊乂。 房亮、曹世表、潘永基、硃元旭拔萃從官，咸享名器，各有由也。
Commentary: Shouchun held commanding ground and Nanzheng guarded a critical pass—the shoulder and thigh of Jiankang, the throat of Chengdu. Pei Shuye and Xiahou Daoqian read the times and seized their moment; they rose like startled magpies, surrendering whole territories with both merit and loyalty in full flower. Great enfeoffments and the full trappings of command were only their due. Zhi could not hold his virtue steady—small in capacity, vast in ambition—and that is why he fell. Yan had talent, bearing, and military gifts, yet never saw their fulfillment—a pity! Li, Xi, Wang, and Jiang rode others' momentum to success, yet they too were men of bold resolve. Chunyu Dan hungered for fame and achievement, but his ambitions never came to pass. Wenxiu would not yield and bore the air of a man ready to die for principle. He won not only posthumous honors but even exemption for his son from punishment. In his place I would have wished him to curse the foe outright—how can loyalty and righteousness fail to inspire? Zhang Dang read the moment and offered his allegiance, showing deep compassion for the displaced—true benevolence and wisdom. Li Miao united civil and military talent with a steadiness beyond ordinary men; in peril he roused himself to the highest constancy, walking loyalty and righteousness to the grave. The benevolent must also be brave—was he not exactly that? Liu Zao, Fu Yong, and Shuyan were famed in their day for literary and martial gifts and administrative talent. Shuyan went further, pacifying the frontier and guiding the people to an exemplary civility; set beside the other two he was plainly their better, and among the Wei age's finest governors. Zhang Lie early showed force of character and won notice among his peers; yet in the rise and fall of fortune they all bobbed with the current to high rank—the refined way and the straight path seem to have been just what troubled them. Li and Lu achieved what their talents allowed; both are worth regard. Xiang's grace, eloquence, and learning made him another leading light of the day. Fang Liang, Cao Shibiao, Pan Yongji, and Zhu Yuanxu rose above the ranks of court servitors, each winning honored office for reasons of his own.