1
乙未，有司言：「乘輿車、牛馬、禽獸皆非禮，不宜以葬。」 奏可。
On Yiwu, the officials stated: 'The imperial chariot, oxen, horses, birds, and beasts are all against ritual propriety and should not be used in burial.' The memorial was approved.
2
七月，大赦天下。
In the seventh month, there was a great pardon of the empire.
3
建始元年春正月乙丑，皇曾祖悼考廟災。
On Yichou of the first month of spring in the first year of Jianshi, the temple of the Imperial great-grandfather Dao Kao suffered a disaster.
4
立故河間王弟上郡庫令良為王。
The younger brother of the former King of Hejian, Liang the storehouse official of Shangjun, was established as king.
5
有星孛于營室。
There was a comet that swept through Ying Shi.
6
罷上林詔獄。
The Shanglin edict prison was abolished.
7
二月，右將軍長史姚尹等使匈奴還，去塞百餘里，暴風火發，燒殺尹等七人。
In the second month, Right General's chief clerk Yao Yin and others, envoys to the Xiongnu returning, were more than a hundred li from the border fortress when a violent wind and fire arose, burning and killing Yin and six others.
8
賜諸侯王、丞相、將軍、列侯、王太后、公主、王主、吏二千石黃金，宗室諸官吏千石以下至二百石及宗室子有屬籍者、三老、孝弟力田、鰥寡孤獨錢帛，各有差，吏民五十戶牛酒。
Granted to feudal kings, Chancellor, generals, marquises, king empress dowagers, princesses, king masters, and officials of 2000 piculs: gold. To imperial clan officials from 1000 piculs down to 200 piculs and imperial clan sons with registered status, three elders, filial younger brothers and diligent farmers, widowers, widows, orphans, and the solitary: money and silk, each according to rank. To officials and people: 50 households worth of oxen and wine.
9
詔曰：「乃者火災降於祖廟，有星孛于東方，始正而虧，咎孰大焉！ 《書》云：『惟先假王正厥事。』 群公孜孜，帥先百寮，輔朕不逮。 崇寬大，長和睦，凡事恕己，毋行苛刻。 其大赦天下，使得自新。」
An edict declared: 'Recently fire disasters descended upon the ancestor temples, there was a comet that swept through the east, beginning correctly but deficient—what fault could be greater! The Documents says: 'Only first assist the king to correct his affairs.' The group of dukes diligently and diligently, leading and preceding the hundred officials, assist my shortcomings. Honor magnanimity and breadth, grow harmony and peacefulness. In all matters forgive oneself, do not practice harsh severity. Cause a great pardon of the empire, so they may renew themselves.'
10
封舅諸吏光祿大夫關內侯王崇為安成侯。 賜舅王譚、商、立、根、逢時爵關內侯。
Enfeoffed maternal uncle's various officials Guanglu Grandee and Guannei Marquis Wang Chong as Marquis of Ancheng. Granted maternal uncle Wang Tan, Shang, Li, Gen, and Fengshi the noble rank of Guannei Marquis.
11
夏四月，黃霧四塞，博問公卿大夫，無有所諱。 六月，有青蠅無萬數集未央宮殿中朝者坐。
In the fourth month of summer, yellow fog blocked all four directions, and broadly asked the dukes, ministers, and grandees, without any taboos. In the sixth month, there were green flies numbering countless tens of thousands that gathered in Weiyang Palace hall among the court officials' seats.
12
秋，罷上林宮館希御幸者二十五所。
In autumn, twenty-five places of Shanglin palace halls that were rarely favored by the emperor were abolished.
13
八月，有兩月相承，晨見東方。
In the eighth month, there were two moons that followed each other, seen in the morning in the eastern direction.
14
九月戊子，流星光燭地，長四五丈，委曲蛇形，貫紫宮。
On Wuzi of the ninth month, a shooting star whose light illuminated the ground, four or five zhang long, winding in snake shape, penetrated the Purple Palace.
15
十二月，作長安南北郊，罷甘泉、汾陰祠。 是日大風，拔甘泉畤中大木十韋以上。 郡國被災什四以上，毋收田租。
In the twelfth month, the north and south suburbs of Chang'an were constructed, and the Ganquan and Fenyin sacrifices were abolished. On this day there was a great wind that uprooted large trees in the Ganquan altar that were ten wei and above. For commanderies and kingdoms that suffered disasters of 40% or more, field rents were not collected.
16
二年春正月，罷雍五畤。 辛巳，上始郊祀長安南郊。 詔曰：「乃者徙泰畤、后土于南郊、北郊，朕親飭躬，郊祀上帝。 皇天報應，神光並見。 三輔長無共張繇役之勞，赦奉郊縣長安、長陵及中都官耐罪徒。 減天下賦錢，算四十。」
In the first month of spring in the second year, the Yong Five Altars were abolished. On Xinsi, His Majesty first performed suburban sacrifices at Chang'an's south suburb. An edict declared: 'Recently moved the Supreme Altar and Houtu to the south suburb and north suburb. I personally prepared myself and performed suburban sacrifices to the Supreme Deity. August Heaven responded, and divine lights appeared together. The Sanfu forever without the labor of contributing and providing corvee services. Pardoned the officials who served the suburban counties of Chang'an and Changling, and the central capital officials who endured punishment as convicts. Reduce the empire's tribute money and poll tax to forty.'
17
閏月，以渭城延陵亭部為初陵。
In the intercalary month, the Weicheng Yanling pavilion department was used as the initial tomb.
18
二月，詔三輔內郡舉賢良方正各一人。
In the second month, an edict commanded the Sanfu inner commanderies to recommend one worthy and good, upright person each.
19
三月，北宮井水溢出。
In the third month, the north palace well water overflowed.
20
辛丑，上始祠后土于北郊。
On Xin Chou, His Majesty first sacrificed to Houtu at the north suburb.
21
丙午，立皇后許氏。
On Bingwu, Empress Xu was established.
22
罷六廄、技巧官。
The six stables and skill technique officials were abolished.
23
夏，大旱。
In summer, there was a great drought.
24
東平王宇有罪，削樊、亢父縣。
Dongping King Yu had a crime and was pared of Fan and Kangfu counties.
25
秋，罷太子博望苑，以賜宗室朝請者。 減乘輿廄馬。
In autumn, the Crown Prince's Bowang park was abolished to grant to imperial clan members who came for morning audience. The imperial chariot stable horses were reduced.
26
三年春三月，赦天下徒。 賜孝弟力田爵二級。 諸逋租賦所振貸勿收。
In the third month of spring in the third year, convicts throughout the empire were pardoned. Filial younger brothers and diligent farmers were granted two levels of noble rank. All arrears of rents and tribute that were relieved and loaned shall not be collected.
27
秋，關內大水。 七月，虒上小女陳持弓聞大水至，走入橫城門，闌入尚方掖門，至未央宮鉤盾中。 吏民驚上城。 九月，詔曰：「乃者郡國被水災，流殺人民，多至千數。 京師無故訛言大水至，吏民驚恐，奔走乘城。 殆苛暴深刻之吏未息，元元冤失職者眾。 遣諫大夫林等循行天下。」
In autumn, there was great flooding within the pass. In the seventh month, a small girl named Chen from Buliu who held a bow heard the great flood was coming, ran into the horizontal city gate, rushed into the Shangfang lateral gate, and reached the hooked shield in Weiyang Palace. Officials and people were alarmed and ascended the city walls. In the ninth month, an edict declared: 'Recently the commanderies and kingdoms suffered flood disasters that flowed and killed people, many reaching thousands in number. In the capital there was a groundless false rumor that a great flood had arrived, officials and people were alarmed and frightened, running and ascending the city walls. Probably the harsh and violent profound officials have not ceased, and there are many common people who are wronged and have lost their duties. Sent Remonstrance Grandee Lin and others to tour the empire.'
28
冬十二月戊申朔，日有蝕之。 夜，地震未央宮殿中。 詔曰：「蓋聞天生眾民，不能相治，為之立君以統理之。 君道得，則草木昆蟲咸得其所； 人君不德，謫見天地，災異婁發，以告不治。 朕涉道日寡，舉錯不中，乃戊申日蝕地震，朕甚懼焉。 公卿其各思朕過失，明白陳之。 『女無面從，退有後言。』 丞相、御史與將軍、列侯、中二千石及內郡國舉賢良方正能直言極諫之士，詣公車，朕將覽焉。」
On the new moon which fell on Wushen of the twelfth month of winter, there was a solar eclipse. At night, there was an earthquake in the middle of Weiyang Palace hall. An edict declared: 'Indeed I have heard that heaven gave birth to the multitude of people, who cannot govern each other, so for them a lord was established to unify and manage them. When the lord's way is obtained, then grasses, trees, and insects all obtain their proper place; When the person lord lacks virtue, blame appears in heaven and earth, disasters and anomalies repeatedly arise, to announce poor governance. I have waded in the way for few days, my actions and omissions have not hit the center, then on Wushen there was a solar eclipse and earthquake, I greatly fear this. Dukes and ministers shall each think about my faults and errors, and clearly state them. 'Do not follow in my face, but have later words after retreating.' The Chancellor and Imperial Secretary together with generals, marquises, middle 2000 piculs officials, and inner commanderies and kingdoms shall recommend worthy and good, upright gentlemen able to speak straightforwardly and remonstrate extremely. Go to the public carriage, I will view them.'
29
越嶲山崩。
The Yuesui mountain collapsed.
30
四年春，罷中書宦官，初置尚書員五人。
In spring of the fourth year, central secretariat eunuchs were abolished, and masters of writing personnel were initially established with five people.
31
夏四月，雨雪。
In the fourth month of summer, it rained snow.
32
五月，中謁者丞陳臨殺司隸校尉轅豐於殿中。
In the fifth month, central usher chief Chen Lin killed Commander of the Capital Region Commandant Yuan Feng in the middle of the hall.
33
秋，桃李實。 大水，河決東郡金隄。 冬十月，御史大夫尹忠以河決不憂職，自殺。
In autumn, peaches and plums bore fruit. There was a great flood; the river burst the Jin dike in Dongjun. In the tenth month of winter, Imperial Secretary Grandee Yin Zhong, because the river burst and he did not worry about his duty, committed suicide.
34
河平元年春三月，詔曰：「河決東郡，流漂二州，校尉王延世隄塞輒平，其改元為河平。 賜天下吏民爵，各有差。」
In the third month of spring in the first year of He Ping, an edict declared: 'The river burst in Dongjun, flowing and drifting two provinces. Commandant Wang Yanshi's dike blocked and immediately pacified it. Cause the era name to be changed to He Ping. Granted the empire's officials and people noble ranks, each according to rank.'
35
夏四月己亥晦，日有蝕之，既。 詔曰：「朕獲保宗廟，戰戰栗栗，未能奉稱。 傳曰：『男教不修，陽事不得，則日為之蝕。』 天著厥異，辜在朕躬。 公卿大夫其勉悉心，以輔不逮。 百寮各修其職，惇任仁人，退遠殘賊。 陳朕過失，無有所諱。」 大赦天下。
On the last day which fell on Jihai of the fourth month of summer, there was a solar eclipse. An edict declared: 'I have obtained to protect the ancestral temples, fearful and trembling, not able to uphold and match. The tradition says: 'If male teaching is not cultivated and yang affairs are not obtained, then the sun eclipses for it.' Heaven has manifested its anomaly; the guilt is in my person. Dukes, ministers, and grandees shall diligently give their entire hearts to assist my shortcomings. The hundred officials shall each cultivate their duties, sincerely appoint benevolent people, and retreat far from the cruel and vicious. State my faults and errors, without any taboos.' There was a great pardon of the empire.
36
六月，罷典屬國并大鴻臚。
In the sixth month, the Director of Dependencies was abolished and merged into the Grand Herald.
37
秋九月，復太上皇寢廟園。
In the ninth month of autumn, the Grand Emperor Ancestor's sleeping temple gardens were restored.
38
二年春正月，沛郡鐵官冶鐵飛。 語在五行志。
In the first month of spring in the second year, the Pei commandery iron official's smelting iron flew. The words are in the Five Phases Records.
39
夏六月，封舅譚、商、立、根、逢時皆為列侯。
In the sixth month of summer, maternal uncle Tan, Shang, Li, Gen, and Fengshi were all enfeoffed as marquises.
40
三年春二月丙戌，犍為地震山崩，雍江水，水逆流。
On Bingxu of the second month of spring in the third year, Qianwei suffered an earthquake and mountain collapse, blocking the Jiang water, which flowed backward.
41
秋八月乙卯晦，日有蝕之。
On the last day which fell on Yimao of the eighth month of autumn, there was a solar eclipse.
42
光祿大夫劉向校中祕書。 謁者陳農使，使求遺書於天下。
Guanglu Grandee Liu Xiang collated the palace secret books. Usher Chen Nong was sent to seek lost books throughout the empire.
43
四年春正月，匈奴單于來朝。
In the first month of spring in the fourth year, the Xiongnu Chanyu came to court.
44
赦天下徒，賜孝弟力田爵二級，諸逋租賦所振貸勿收。
The empire's convicts were pardoned, filial younger brothers and diligent farmers were granted two levels of noble rank, and all arrears of rents and tribute that were relieved and loaned shall not be collected.
45
二月，單于罷歸國。
In the second month, the Chanyu was dismissed and returned to his country.
46
三月癸丑朔，日有蝕之。
On the new moon which fell on Gui Chou of the third month, there was a solar eclipse.
47
遣光祿大夫博士嘉等十一人行舉瀕河之郡水所毀傷困乏不能自存者，財振貸。 其為水所流壓死，不能自葬，令郡國給槥櫝葬埋。 已葬者與錢，人二千。 避水它郡國，在所冗食之，謹遇以文理，無令失職。 舉惇厚有行能直言之士。
Sent Guanglu Grandee and Doctor Jia and ten others to tour and recommend those in commanderies bordering the river who were destroyed, injured, distressed, lacking, and cannot preserve themselves by the water, to relieve them with wealth and loans. Those whom the water flowed and pressed to death and cannot bury themselves, order the commanderies and kingdoms to provide coffins and bury them. Those already buried shall be granted money, 2000 per person. Those avoiding water in other commanderies and kingdoms shall be provided extra food in their place, carefully treated with cultural principles, and not caused to lose their duties. Recommend sincere and thick gentlemen who have conduct and ability and speak straightforwardly.
48
壬申，長陵臨涇岸崩，雍涇水。
On Ren Shen, the Changling shore facing the Jing collapsed, blocking the Jing water.
49
山陽火生石中，改元為陽朔。
Fire was born in the middle of stone in Shanyang, and the era name was changed to Yangshuo.
50
陽朔元年。
First year of Yangshuo.
51
春二月丁未晦，日有蝕之。
On the last day which fell on Dingwei of the second month of spring, there was a solar eclipse.
52
三月，赦天下徒。
In the third month, convicts throughout the empire were pardoned.
53
冬，京兆尹王章有罪，下獄死。
In winter, Jingzhao Governor Wang Zhang had a crime and was sent to prison where he died.
54
二年春，寒。 詔曰：「昔在帝堯立羲、和之官，命以四時之事，令不失其序。 故《書》云『黎民於蕃時雍』，明以陰陽為本也。 今公卿大夫或不信陰陽，薄而小之，所奏請多違時政。 傳以不知，周行天下，而欲望陰陽和調，豈不謬哉！ 其務順四時月令。」
In spring of the second year, it was cold. An edict declared: 'Formerly Emperor Yao established the officials Xi and He, commanded them with the affairs of the four seasons, causing them not to lose their order. Therefore the Documents says 'the common people at fence time are harmonious,' clearly taking yin and yang as the foundation. Now some dukes, ministers, and grandees do not believe in yin and yang, thin and small it, and what they memorialize and request often violates timely government. To transmit with not knowing, circulate and tour the empire, and desire yin and yang to be harmonious and regulated—how is this not absurd! Cause them to diligently follow the four seasons' monthly ordinances.'
55
三月，大赦天下。
In the third month, there was a great pardon of the empire.
56
夏五月，除吏八百石、五百石秩。
In the fifth month of summer, officials of 800 piculs and 500 piculs ranks were removed.
57
秋，關東大水，流民欲入函谷、天井、壺口、五阮關者，勿苛留。 遣諫大夫博士分行視。
In autumn, there was great flooding east of the pass, and floating people who wished to enter the Hangu, Tianjing, Hukou, and Wuran passes should not be harshly detained. Sent the Remonstrance Grandee and Doctor to separately tour and inspect.
58
八月甲申，定陶王康薨。
On Jiashen of the eighth month, Dingtao King Kang passed away.
59
九月，奉使者不稱。 詔曰：「古之立太學，將以傳先王之業，流化於天下也。 儒林之官，四海淵原，宜皆明於古今，溫故知新，通達國體，故謂之博士。 否則學者無述焉，為下所輕，非所以尊道德也。 『工欲善其事，必先利其器。』 丞相、御史其與中二千石、二千石雜舉可充博士位者，使卓然可觀。」
In the ninth month, serving envoys were not worthy. An edict declared: 'The ancients established the great learning, intending to transmit the Former Kings' enterprise and flow transformation to the empire. The officials of the Confucian forest, the deep source of the four seas, should all be clear about ancient and modern, warm the old and know the new, penetrate the state system—therefore they are called Doctor. Otherwise scholars have nothing to relate, are despised by inferiors, and this is not the way to honor morality. 'If a craftsman wishes to do his work well, he must first sharpen his tools.' The Chancellor and Imperial Secretary shall together with middle 2000 piculs and 2000 piculs officials mixed recommend those who can fill Doctor positions, so they are outstandingly observable.'
60
是歲，御史大夫張忠卒。
In this year, Imperial Secretary Grandee Zhang Zhong passed away.
61
三年春三月壬戌，隕石東郡，八。
On Renxu of the third month of spring in the third year, eight fallen stones in Dongjun.
62
夏六月，潁川鐵官徒申屠聖等百八十人殺長吏，盜庫兵，自稱將軍，經歷九郡。 遣丞相長史、御史中丞逐捕，以軍興從事，皆伏辜。
In the sixth month of summer, Yingchuan iron official convicts Shentu Sheng and 180 others killed the chief officials, stole storehouse weapons, called themselves generals, and experienced nine commanderies. Sent the Chancellor's chief clerk and Imperial Secretary's central overseer to pursue and capture them, undertaking affairs with military mobilization, and all submitted to their guilt.
63
秋八月丁巳，大司馬大將軍王鳳薨。
On Dingsi of the eighth month of autumn, Grand Commander and Grand General Wang Feng passed away.
64
四年春正月，詔曰：「夫洪範八政，以食為首，斯誠家給刑錯之本也。 先帝劭農，薄其租稅，寵其彊力，令與孝弟同科。 間者，民彌惰怠，鄉本者少，趨末者眾，將何以矯之？ 方東作時，其令二千石勉勸農桑，出入阡陌，致勞來之。 書不云乎？ 『服田力嗇，乃亦有秋。』 其勗之哉！」
In the first month of spring in the fourth year, an edict declared: 'Indeed the Hongfan's eight governments take food as the head—this is truly the foundation for families providing and punishments interlocking. The Former Emperor promoted agriculture, thinned their rents and taxes, favored their strong strength, and caused them to be in the same category as filial younger brothers. Recently, people have become increasingly lazy and indolent—those who face the fundamentals are few, those who hasten to the ends are numerous. How shall we correct this? Just at the time of east farming, cause the 2000 piculs officials to diligently encourage farming and mulberry, enter and exit the paths and dikes, and bring labor to come to them. Does the Documents not say? 'Serve the fields and exert frugality, then also have autumn.' Cause them to be exhorted!'
65
二月，赦天下。
In the second month, the empire was pardoned.
66
秋九月壬申，東平王宇薨。
On Renshen of the ninth month of autumn, Dongping King Yu passed away.
67
閏月壬戌，御史大夫于永卒。
On Renxu of the intercalary month, Imperial Secretary Grandee Yu Yong passed away.
68
鴻嘉元年春二月，詔曰：「朕承天地，獲保宗廟，明有所蔽，德不能綏，刑罰不中，眾冤失職，趨闕告訴者不絕。 是以陰陽錯謬，寒暑失序，日月不光，百姓蒙辜，朕甚閔焉。 書不云乎？ 『即我御事，罔克耆壽，咎在厥躬。』 方春生長時，臨遣諫大夫理等舉三輔、三河、弘農冤獄。 公卿大夫、部刺史明申敕守相，稱朕意焉。 其賜天下民爵一級，女子百戶牛酒，加賜鰥寡孤獨高年帛。 逋貸未入者勿收。」
In the second month of spring in the first year of Hongjia, an edict declared: 'I bear heaven and earth, obtained to protect the ancestral temples. My brightness has what is obscured, my virtue cannot pacify, punishments and penalties do not hit the center, the masses are wronged and have lost their duties, those who hasten to the palace to complain do not cease. Therefore yin and yang are wrong and erroneous, cold and hot have lost their order, sun and moon are not bright, the common people suffer guilt—I greatly pity this. Does the Documents not say? 'Approach me to administer affairs, not able to achieve aged longevity—the fault is in their person.' Just at the spring growing time, I am about to send Remonstrance Grandee Li and others to recommend wronged prisons in Sanfu, Sanhe, and Hongnong. Dukes, ministers, and grandees, prefecture inspectors shall clearly state commands to the governors, matching my intention there. Cause the empire's people to be granted one level of noble rank, women who head 100 households oxen and wine, and additionally grant widowers, widows, orphans, the solitary, and high age silk. Arrears and loans that have not been entered shall not be collected.'
69
壬午，行幸初陵，赦作徒。 以新豐戲鄉為昌陵縣，奉初陵，賜百戶牛酒。
On Renwu, His Majesty proceeded to the initial tomb and pardoned the work convicts. Used Xinfeng Xi township as Changling county to serve the initial tomb, granted 100 households oxen and wine.
70
上始為微行出。
His Majesty first made an incognito travel out.
71
冬，黃龍見真定。
In winter, a yellow dragon appeared at Zhending.
72
二年春，行幸雲陽。
In spring of the second year, His Majesty proceeded to Yunyang.
73
三月，博士行飲酒禮，有雉蜚集于庭，歷階升堂而雊，後集諸府，又集承明殿。
In the third month, the Doctor performed the drinking wine ritual, and there were pheasants flying and gathering in the courtyard, traversing the steps, ascending the hall, and crowing. Afterwards they gathered at the various offices, and again gathered at Chengming hall.
74
詔曰：「古之選賢，傅納以言，明試以功，故官無廢事，下無逸民，教化流行，風雨和時，百穀用成，眾庶樂業，咸以康寧。 朕承鴻業十有餘年，數遭水旱疾疫之災，黎民婁困於飢寒，而望禮義之興，豈不難哉！ 朕既無以率道，帝王之道日以陵夷，意乃招賢選士之路鬱滯而不通與，將舉者未得其人也？ 其舉敦厚有行義能直言者，冀聞切言嘉謀，匡朕之不逮。」
An edict declared: 'The ancients selected the worthy, instructed and received with words, clearly tested with merit. Therefore officials had no abandoned affairs, inferiors had no idle people, teachings and transformations flowed, wind and rain were harmonious and timely, the hundred grains were used and completed, the multitudes had happy occupations, all with peaceful security. I have borne the great enterprise for more than ten years, frequently encountering disasters of water, drought, disease, and epidemics. The common people are repeatedly distressed by hunger and cold, and hoping for the flourishing of ritual and righteousness—how is this not difficult! I already have nothing with which to lead the way, the emperor and king way declines day by day. Meaning then the road to recruit worthy and select scholars is stagnant and does not pass—could it be that those to be recommended have not obtained their people? Cause to recommend sincere and thick ones who have conduct and righteousness and are able to speak straightforwardly. I hope to hear earnest words and good plans to aid my shortcomings.'
75
夏，徙郡國豪傑貲五百萬以上五千戶于昌陵。 賜丞相、御史、將軍、列侯、公主、中二千石冢地、第宅。
In summer, moved 5000 households of outstanding heroes from the commanderies and kingdoms with property above 5 million to Changling. Granted the Chancellor, Imperial Secretary, generals, marquises, princesses, and middle 2000 piculs officials tomb grounds and mansions.
76
六月，立中山憲王孫雲客為廣德王。
In the sixth month, established Zhongshan Xian King's grandson Yun Ke as King of Guangde.
77
三年夏四月，赦天下。 令吏民得買爵，賈級千錢。
In the fourth month of summer in the third year, the empire was pardoned. Ordered that officials and people could buy noble ranks, with each level priced at 1000 cash.
78
大旱。
There was a great drought.
79
秋八月乙卯，孝景廟闕災。
On Yimao of the eighth month of autumn, the Filial Jing temple gate tower suffered a disaster.
80
冬十一月甲寅，皇后許氏廢。
On Jia Yin of the eleventh month of winter, Empress Xu was deposed.
81
廣漢男子鄭躬等六十餘人攻官寺，篡囚徒，盜庫兵，自稱山君。
Guanghan man Zheng Gong and more than 60 others attacked official buildings, seized prisoner convicts, stole storehouse weapons, and called themselves mountain lord.
82
四年春正月，詔曰：「數敕有司，務行寬大，而禁苛暴，訖今不改。 一人有辜，舉宗拘繫，農民失業，怨恨者眾，傷害和氣，水旱為災，關東流冗者眾，青、幽、冀部尤劇，朕甚痛焉。 未聞在位有惻然者，孰當助朕憂之！ 已遣使者循行郡國。 被災害什四以上，民貲不滿三萬，勿出租賦。 逋貸未入，皆勿收。 流民欲入關，輒籍內。 所之郡國，謹遇以理，務有以全活之，思稱朕意。」
In the first month of spring in the fourth year, an edict declared: 'I have frequently ordered the officials to diligently practice magnanimity and breadth, and prohibit harsh violence, yet until now there has been no change. When one person has guilt, the entire clan is restrained and bound. Farmers lose their occupations, those who resent and hate are numerous. It injures the harmonious qi, and water and drought become disasters. Those floating and excess east of the pass are numerous, and the Qing, You, and Ji prefectures are especially acute. I am greatly pained by this. I have not heard of anyone in position having pity—who should assist me in my worry! I have already sent envoys to tour the commanderies and kingdoms. For those who suffered disasters of 40% or more, and people whose property is not full 30,000, do not send out rents and tribute. Arrears and loans that have not been entered shall all not be collected. Floating people who wish to enter the pass shall be immediately registered within. The commanderies and kingdoms they go to shall carefully treat them with principles, diligently have means to preserve and give life to them, thinking to match my intention.'
83
秋，勃海、清河河溢，被災者振貸之。
In autumn, the Bohai and Qinghe rivers overflowed, and those who suffered disasters were relieved and loaned to.
84
冬，廣漢鄭躬等黨與寖廣，犯歷四縣，眾且萬人。 拜河東都尉趙護為廣漢太守，發郡中及蜀郡合三萬人擊之。 或相捕斬，除罪。 旬月平，遷護為執金吾，賜黃金百斤。
In winter, Guanghan Zheng Gong and others' parties and associates gradually broadened, violating and passing through four counties, with a multitude nearly 10,000 people. Appointed Hedong Commandant Zhao Hu as Guanghan Governor, mobilized the commandery and Shu commandery combined totaling 30,000 people to strike them. Some mutually captured and beheaded, and crime was removed. In ten days it was pacified, Hu was moved to Commander of the Guards, and granted 100 catties of gold.
85
永始元年春正月癸丑，太官凌室火。 戊午，戾后園闕火。
On Gui Chou of the first month of spring in the first year of Yongshi, the Grand Provisioner's ice room caught fire. On Wu Wu, the Li Empress garden gate tower caught fire.
86
夏四月，封婕妤趙氏父臨為成陽侯。 五月，封舅曼子侍中騎都尉光祿大夫王莽為新都侯。 六月丙寅，立皇后趙氏。 大赦天下。
In the fourth month of summer, Lady Zhao's father Lin was enfeoffed as Marquis of Chengyang. In the fifth month, maternal uncle Man's son Wang Mang, Attendant at the Palace and Cavalry Commandant Guanglu Grandee, was enfeoffed as Marquis of Xindu. On Bing Yin of the sixth month, Empress Zhao was established. There was a great pardon of the empire.
87
秋七月，詔曰：「朕執德不固，謀不盡下，過聽將作大匠萬年言昌陵三年可成。 作治五年，中陵、司馬殿門內尚未加功。 天下虛耗，百姓罷勞，客土疏惡，終不可成。 朕惟其難，怛然傷心。 夫『過而不改，是謂過矣。』 其罷昌陵，及故陵勿徙吏民，令天下毋有動搖之心。」 立城陽孝王子俚為王。
In the seventh month of autumn, an edict declared: 'I grasp virtue not firmly, plans do not exhaust inferiors, mistakenly listened to the Directorate of Imperial Manufactories Grand Artisan Wannian say that Changling could be completed in three years. It has been made and regulated for five years, yet within the middle tomb and Sima hall gate work has not yet been added. The empire is depleted and exhausted, the common people are tired and labored, the guest soil is sparse and bad, and ultimately it cannot be completed. I think of its difficulty, and am distressed and pained in heart. Indeed 'to fault and not change is called fault indeed.' Cause Changling to be abolished, and former tombs not to move officials and people, so that the empire has no hearts that shake and rock.' Established Chengyang Filial King's son Li as king.
88
八月丁丑，太皇太后王氏崩。
On Ding Chou of the eighth month, Grand Empress Dowager Wang collapsed.
89
二年春正月己丑，大司馬車騎將軍王音薨。
On Ji Chou of the first month of spring in the second year, Grand Commander and Cavalry General Wang Yin passed away.
90
二月癸未夜，星隕如雨。 乙酉晦，日有蝕之。 詔曰：「乃者，龍見于東萊，日有蝕之。 天著變異，以顯朕郵，朕甚懼焉。 公卿申敕百寮，深思天誡，有可省減便安百姓者，條奏。 所振貸貧民，勿收。」 又曰：「關東比歲不登，吏民以義收食貧民、入穀物助縣官振贍者，已賜直，其百萬以上，加賜爵右更，欲為吏補三百石，其吏也遷二等。 三十萬以上，賜爵五大夫，吏亦遷二等，民補郎。 十萬以上，家無出租賦三歲。 萬錢以上，一年。」
On the night of Gui Wei in the second month, stars fell like rain. On the last day which fell on Yi You, there was a solar eclipse. An edict declared: 'Recently a dragon appeared at Donglai, and there was a solar eclipse. Heaven has manifested anomalies to display my faults—I greatly fear this. Dukes and ministers shall state commands to the hundred officials, deeply think on heaven's warnings, and itemize memorials for what can be reduced to conveniently pacify the common people. What was relieved and loaned to poor people shall not be collected.' Further declared: 'East of the pass successive years have not harvested, officials and people who with righteousness gathered and fed poor people, entered grain goods to assist county officials in relieving and aiding, have already been granted value. Those above 1 million, additionally granted noble rank of Right Chamberlain. Those who desire to be officials supplement 300 piculs, their officials also advance two ranks. Those above 300,000 shall be granted noble rank of Grandee of the Fifth Rank, officials also advance two ranks, and people supplement as Gentleman. Those above 100,000 shall have their families without sending out rents and tribute for three years. Those above 10,000 cash shall have one year.'
91
冬十一月，行幸雍，祠五畤。
In the eleventh month of winter, His Majesty proceeded to Yong and sacrificed at the Five Altars.
92
十二月，詔曰：「前將作大匠萬年知昌陵卑下，不可為萬歲居，奏請營作，建置郭邑，妄為巧詐，積土增高，多賦斂繇役，興卒暴之作。 卒徒蒙辜，死者連屬，百姓罷極，天下匱竭。 常侍閎前為大司農中丞，數奏昌陵不可成。 侍中衛尉長數白宜早止，徙家反故處。 朕以長言下閎章，公卿議者皆合長計。 首建至策，閎典主省大費，民以康寧。 閎前賜爵關內侯，黃金百斤。 其賜長爵關內侯，食邑千戶，閎五百戶。 萬年佞邪不忠，毒流眾庶，海內怨望，至今不息，雖蒙赦令，不宜居京師。 其徙萬年敦煌郡。」
In the twelfth month, an edict declared: 'The former Directorate of Imperial Manufactories Grand Artisan Wannian knew Changling was low and below, could not be a ten thousand years residence, memorialized requesting to construct and make, establish outer towns, recklessly made skillful deceit, accumulated earth and increased height, much taxes and levies corvee services, aroused sudden violent works. Soldiers and convicts suffered guilt, the dead ones were connected and attached, the common people were tired to the extreme, and the empire was depleted and exhausted. Regular Attendant Hong formerly was Grand Minister of Agriculture Assistant Overseer, and frequently memorialized that Changling could not be completed. Attendant at the Palace and Commander of the Guards Chang frequently stated that it was proper to stop early and move families back to their former places. I sent down Hong's memorial with Chang's words, and the dukes and ministers who discussed all united with Chang's plan. First established the strategy, Hong oversaw and principally reduced great expenses, and the people thus became peaceful and secure. Hong was formerly granted noble rank of Guannei Marquis and 100 catties of gold. Cause Chang to be granted noble rank of Guannei Marquis with food fiefdom of 1000 households, and Hong 500 households. Wannian was flattering and evil, not loyal, poison flowed to the multitude of common people, within the seas they resented and hoped, until now has not ceased. Though he received the pardon order, it is not proper for him to dwell in the capital. Cause Wannian to be moved to Dunhuang commandery.'
93
是歲，御史大夫王駿卒。
In this year, Imperial Secretary Grandee Wang Jun passed away.
94
三年春正月己卯晦，日有蝕之。 詔曰：「天災仍重，朕甚懼焉。 惟民之失職，臨遣大中大夫嘉等循行天下，存問耆老，民所疾苦。 其與部刺史舉惇樸遜讓有行義者各一人。」
On the last day which fell on Ji Mao of the first month of spring in the third year, there was a solar eclipse. An edict declared: 'Heaven's disasters are repeatedly heavy, I greatly fear this. Only thinking of the common people who lose their duties, I am about to send Grand Palace Grandee Jia and others to tour the empire, visit and inquire about the aged elders, and what illnesses and pains the people have. Cause them together with prefecture inspectors to recommend sincere and simple, yielding and yielding ones who have conduct and righteousness, each one person.'
95
冬十月庚辰，皇太后詔有司復甘泉泰畤、汾陰后土、雍五畤、陳倉陳寶祠。 語在郊祀志。
On Gengchen of the tenth month of winter, the Empress Dowager edicted officials to restore the Ganquan Supreme Altar, Fenying Houtu, Yong Five Altars, and Chencang Chenbao sacrifices. The words are in the Suburban Sacrifices Records.
96
十一月，尉氏男子樊並等十三人謀反，殺陳留太守，劫略吏民，自稱將軍。 徒李譚等五人共格殺並等，皆封為列侯。
In the eleventh month, Weishi man Fan Bing and twelve others plotted rebellion, killed the Chenliu Governor, robbed and plundered officials and people, and called themselves generals. Convicts Li Tan and four others together fought and killed Bing and the others, and were all enfeoffed as marquises.
97
十二月，山陽鐵官徒蘇令等二百二十八人攻殺長吏，盜庫兵，自稱將軍，經歷郡國十九，殺東郡太守、汝南都尉。 遣丞相長史、御史中丞持節督趣逐捕。 汝南太守嚴訢捕斬令等。 遷訢為大司農，賜黃金百斤。
In the twelfth month, Shanyang iron official convicts Su Ling and 227 others attacked and killed chief officials, stole storehouse weapons, called themselves generals, experienced nineteen commanderies and kingdoms, and killed the Dongjun Governor and Runan Commandant. Sent the Chancellor's chief clerk and Imperial Secretary's central overseer holding tally to supervise and urge the pursuit and capture. Runan Governor Yan Hong captured and beheaded Ling and the others. Hong was moved to Grand Minister of Agriculture and granted 100 catties of gold.
98
四年春正月，行幸甘泉，郊泰畤，神光降集紫殿。 大赦天下。 賜雲陽吏民爵，女子百戶牛酒，鰥寡孤獨高年帛。 三月，行幸河東，祠后土，賜吏民如雲陽，行所過無出田租。
In the first month of spring in the fourth year, His Majesty proceeded to Ganquan and performed suburban sacrifices at the Supreme Altar, and divine lights descended and gathered at the purple hall. There was a great pardon of the empire. Granted Yunyang officials and people noble ranks, women who head 100 households oxen and wine, and widowers, widows, orphans, the solitary, and high age silk. In the third month, His Majesty proceeded to Hedong and sacrificed to Houtu, granted officials and people like Yunyang, and places passed did not send out field rents.
99
夏四月癸未，長樂臨華殿、未央宮東司馬門皆災。
On Gui Wei of the fourth month of summer, the Changle facing Hua hall and Weiyang Palace east Sima gate all suffered disasters.
100
六月甲午，霸陵園門闕災。 出杜陵諸未嘗御者歸家。 詔曰：「乃者，地震京師，火災婁降，朕甚懼之。 有司其悉心明對厥咎，朕將親覽焉。」
On Jiawu of the sixth month, the Baling park gate tower suffered a disaster. Send out the various ones from Duling who have not yet been favored to return home. An edict declared: 'Recently there was an earthquake in the capital, and fire disasters repeatedly descended—I greatly fear this. Cause the officials to respond with entire heart and clarity to their faults, I will personally view there.'
101
又曰：「聖王明禮制以序尊卑，異車服以章有德，雖有其財，而無其尊，不得踰制，故民興行，上義而下利。 方今世俗奢僭罔極，靡有厭足。 公卿列侯親屬近臣，四方所則，未聞修身遵禮，同心憂國者也。 或乃奢侈逸豫，務廣第宅，治園池，多畜奴婢，被服綺穀，設鐘鼓，備女樂，車服嫁娶葬埋過制。 吏民慕效，娅以成俗，而欲望百姓儉節，家給人足，豈不難哉！ 詩不云乎？ 『赫赫師尹，民具爾瞻。』 其申敕有司，以漸禁之。 青綠民所常服，且勿止。 列侯近臣，各自省改。 司隸校尉察不變者。」
Further declared: 'Sage kings made clear ritual systems to order noble and base, made different chariots and robes to manifest those who have virtue. Though they have wealth, but without honor, they may not exceed regulations. Therefore people rise in conduct, with righteousness above and profit below. Just now the world's customs are extravagantly presumptuous without limit, without satisfaction. Dukes, ministers, marquises, relatives, and close ministers—what the four directions follow—have not heard of those who cultivate their persons and follow ritual, with same heart worrying for the state. Some then extravagant and at ease in pleasure, strive for broad mansions and residences, manage gardens and ponds, raise many slaves and concubines, clothed in fine patterned robes, set bells and drums, prepare female music, and chariots, robes, marriages, takings, burials, and interments exceed regulations. Officials and people admire and emulate, mutually thus becoming custom, and desiring the common people to be frugal and moderate, with families providing and persons sufficient—how is this not difficult! Does the Poetry not say? 'Bright and bright Master Yin, the people all look to you.' Cause to state commands to the officials, and gradually prohibit it. Blue and green are what the people constantly wear, moreover do not stop. Marquises and close ministers shall each examine and change themselves. The Commander of the Capital Region Commandant shall inspect those who do not change.'
102
秋七月辛未晦，日有蝕之。
On the last day which fell on Xin Wei of the seventh month of autumn, there was a solar eclipse.
103
元延元年春正月己亥朔，日有蝕之。
On the new moon which fell on Ji Hai of the first month of spring in the first year of Yuanyan, there was a solar eclipse.
104
三月，行幸雍，祠五畤。
In the third month, His Majesty proceeded to Yong and sacrificed at the Five Altars.
105
夏四月丁酉，無雲有雷，聲光耀耀，四面下至地，昏止。 赦天下。
On Ding You of the fourth month of summer, there were no clouds but thunder, with sound and light brilliantly brilliant, descending to the ground from four sides, stopping at dusk. The empire was pardoned.
106
秋七月，有星孛于東井。 詔曰：「乃者，日蝕星隕，謫見于天，大異重仍。 在位默然，罕有忠言。 今孛星見于東井，朕甚懼焉。 公卿大夫、博士、議郎其各悉心，惟思變意，明以經對，無有所諱； 與內郡國舉方正能直言極諫者各一人，北邊二十二郡舉勇猛知兵法者各一人。」
In the seventh month of autumn, there was a comet that swept through Dong Jing. An edict declared: 'Recently there were solar eclipses and falling stars, blame appeared in heaven, great anomalies repeatedly continuing. Those in position are silent and silent, rarely having loyal words. Now a comet star has appeared at Dong Jing, I greatly fear this. Dukes, ministers, grandees, doctors, and discussion gentlemen shall each give their entire hearts, only thinking to change the intention, clearly responding with the classics, without any taboos; Together with inner commanderies and kingdoms to recommend upright ones able to speak straightforwardly and remonstrate extremely, each one person, and north border twenty-two commanderies to recommend brave and fierce ones who know military methods, each one person.'
107
封蕭相國後喜為酇侯。
Enfeoffed Xiao Chancellor's descendant Xi as Marquis of Tan.
108
冬十二月辛亥，大司馬大將軍王商薨。
On Xinhai of the twelfth month of winter, Grand Commander and Grand General Wang Shang passed away.
109
是歲，昭儀趙氏害後宮皇子。
In this year, Zhaoyi Zhao harmed the crown prince in the rear palace.
110
二年春正月，行幸甘泉，郊泰畤。
In the first month of spring in the second year, His Majesty proceeded to Ganquan and performed suburban sacrifices at the Supreme Altar.
111
三月，行幸河東，祠后土。
In the third month, His Majesty proceeded to Hedong and sacrificed to Houtu.
112
夏四月，立廣陵孝王子守為王。
In the fourth month of summer, established Guangling Filial King's son Shou as king.
113
冬，行幸長楊宮，從胡客大校獵。 宿萯陽宮，賜從官。
In winter, His Majesty proceeded to Changyang palace and followed the Hu guests in a great hunt. Lodged at Ceiyang palace and granted the attendant officials.
114
三年春正月丙寅，蜀郡岷山崩，雍江三日，江水竭。
On Bing Yin of the first month of spring in the third year, Shu commandery's Min mountain collapsed, blocking the Jiang for three days, and the Jiang water dried up.
115
二月，封侍中衛尉淳于長為定陵侯。
In the second month, enfeoffed Attendant and Commander of the Guards Chunyu Chang as Marquis of Dingling.
116
三月，行幸雍，祠五畤。
In the third month, His Majesty proceeded to Yong and sacrificed at the Five Altars.
117
四年春正月，行幸甘泉，郊泰畤。
In the first month of spring in the fourth year, His Majesty proceeded to Ganquan and performed suburban sacrifices at the Supreme Altar.
118
二月，罷司隸校尉官。
In the second month, the Commander of the Capital Region Commandant office was abolished.
119
三月，行幸河東，祠后土。
In the third month, His Majesty proceeded to Hedong and sacrificed to Houtu.
120
甘露降京師，賜長安民牛酒。
Sweet dew descended on the capital, and Chang'an people were granted oxen and wine.
121
綏和元年春正月，大赦天下。
In the first month of spring in the first year of Suihe, there was a great pardon of the empire.
122
二月癸丑，詔曰：「朕承太祖鴻業，奉宗廟二十五年，德不能綏理宇內，百姓怨望者眾。 不蒙天祐，至今未有繼嗣，天下無所係心。 觀于往古近事之戒，禍亂之萌，皆由斯焉。 定陶王欣於朕為子，慈仁孝順，可以承天序，繼祭祀。 其立欣為皇太子。 封中山王舅諫大夫馮參為宜鄉侯，益中山國三萬戶，以慰其意。 賜諸侯王、列侯金，天下當為父後者爵，三老、孝弟力田帛，各有差。」
On Gui Chou of the second month, an edict declared: 'I bear the Grand Ancestor's great enterprise, have served the ancestral temples for twenty-five years, my virtue cannot pacify and govern within the domain, and the common people who resent and hope are numerous. Not receiving heaven's blessing, until now there has been no successor heir, and the empire has nothing to attach its heart to. Observing the warnings of past ancient and recent affairs, the sprouts of calamities and disorders all come from this. Dingtao King Xin is my son, compassionate, benevolent, filial, and obedient, and can bear the heaven's order and continue the sacrifices. Cause Xin to be established as crown prince. Enfeoffed Zhongshan King's maternal uncle Remonstrance Grandee Feng Can as Marquis of Yixiang, increased the Zhongshan kingdom by 30,000 households, to console his intention. Granted feudal kings and marquises gold, throughout the empire those who should succeed their fathers noble rank, three elders, filial younger brothers and diligent farmers silk, each according to rank.'
123
又曰：「蓋聞王者必存二王之後，所以通三統也。 昔成湯受命，列為三代，而祭祀廢絕。 考求其後，莫正孔吉。 其封吉為殷紹嘉侯。」 三月，進爵為公，及周承休侯皆為公，地各百里。
Further declared: 'Indeed I have heard that kings must preserve the descendants of two kings, in order to penetrate the three systems. Formerly Cheng Tang received the mandate, was ranked as the three generations, and the sacrifices were abolished and extinguished. Examined and sought their descendants, none was as correct as Kong Ji. Cause Ji to be enfeoffed as Yin Shaojia Marquis.' In the third month, advanced noble rank to duke, and Zhou Chenghou Marquis all to dukes, with lands each 100 li.
124
行幸雍，祠五畤。
His Majesty proceeded to Yong and sacrificed at the Five Altars.
125
夏四月，以大司馬票騎大將軍根為大司馬，罷將軍官。 御史大夫為大司空，封為列侯。 益大司馬、大司空奉如丞相。
In the fourth month of summer, Grand Commander Cavalry Grand General Gen was used as Grand Commander, and the general office was abolished. The Imperial Secretary Grandee became Grand Minister of Works and was enfeoffed as a marquis. Increased the stipends of the Grand Commander and Grand Minister of Works like the Chancellor.
126
秋八月庚戌，中山王興薨。
On Gengxu of the eighth month of autumn, Zhongshan King Xing passed away.
127
冬十一月，立楚孝王孫景為定陶王。
In the eleventh month of winter, established Chu Filial King's grandson Jing as King of Dingtao.
128
定陵侯淳于長大逆不道，下獄死。 廷尉孔光使持節賜貴人許氏藥，飲藥死。
Dingling Marquis Chunyu Chang was greatly rebellious and not righteous, sent to prison and died. Commandant of Justice Kong Guang was sent holding tally to grant noble woman Xu medicine, and she drank the medicine and died.
129
十二月，罷部刺史，更置州牧，秩二千石。
In the twelfth month, prefecture inspectors were abolished and changed to establish provincial governors with rank of 2000 piculs.
130
二年春正月，行幸甘泉，郊泰畤。
In the first month of spring in the second year, His Majesty proceeded to Ganquan and performed suburban sacrifices at the Supreme Altar.
131
二月壬子，丞相翟方進薨。
On Renzi of the second month, Chancellor Zhai Fangjin passed away.
132
三月，行幸河東，祠后土。
In the third month, His Majesty proceeded to Hedong and sacrificed to Houtu.
133
丙戌，帝崩于未央宮。 皇太后詔有司復長安南北郊。 四月己卯，葬延陵。
On Bingxu, the Emperor collapsed at Weiyang Palace. The Empress Dowager edicted officials to restore the north and south suburbs of Chang'an. On Jimao of the fourth month, buried at Yanling.
134
贊曰：臣之姑充後宮為婕妤，父子昆弟侍帷幄，數為臣言成帝善修容儀，升車正立，不內顧，不疾言，不親指，臨朝淵嘿，尊嚴若神，可謂穆穆天子之容者矣！ 博覽古今，容受直辭。 公卿稱職，奏議可述。 遭世承平，上下和睦。 然湛于酒色，趙氏亂內，外家擅朝，言之可為於邑。 建始以來，王氏始執國命，哀、平短祚，莽遂篡位，蓋其威福所由來者漸矣！
Praise says: The minister's paternal aunt filled the rear palace as a Lady, and father, sons, and brothers served the curtains and canopy. Frequently spoke to the minister saying that Emperor Cheng was good at cultivating his appearance and conduct—ascending the chariot he stood upright, not looking back inward, not speaking rapidly, not pointing personally, facing court in deep silence, dignified like a god—can truly be called the solemn and solemn appearance of the Son of Heaven! Broadly viewed ancient and modern, contained and received straightforward words. Dukes and ministers matched their duties, memorials and discussions were describable. Encountered a world of inherited peace, with superiors and inferiors harmonious and friendly. However immersed in wine and beauty, the Zhao clan disordered the inner palace, the maternal family monopolized the court—speaking of it can cause sorrow and sadness. Since Jianshi, the Wang clan began to grasp the state's fate. Ai and Ping had short blessings, Mang then usurped the position—indeed his power and blessing came gradually!