1
金自景祖始建官屬，統諸部以專征伐，嶷然自為一國。 其官長皆稱曰勃極烈，故太祖以都勃極烈嗣位，太宗以諳版勃極烈居守。 諳版，尊大之稱也。 其次曰國論忽魯勃極烈，國論言貴，忽魯猶總帥也。 又有國論勃極烈，或左右置，所謂國相也。 其次諸勃極烈之上，則有國論、乙室、忽魯、移賚、阿買、阿舍、昊、迭之號，以為升拜宗室功臣之序焉。 其部長曰孛堇，統數部者曰忽魯。 凡此，至熙宗定官制皆廢。 其後惟鎮撫邊民之官曰禿裏，烏魯骨之下有掃穩脫朵，詳穩之下有麼忽、習尼昆，此則具於官制而不廢，皆踵遼官名也。
From Emperor Jingzu onward the Jin built up a corps of officials, united the tribes under a single command for warfare, and thus emerged unmistakably as a state in its own right. Their leaders were all called bojilie; thus the Founder inherited rule as Chief Bojilie, while Taizong held the capital as Guardian Bojilie. Anban was an honorific of the highest dignity. Below that stood the Guolun Hurulu Bojilie—guolun meaning "noble," hurulu the equivalent of a supreme commander. There was also the Guolun Bojilie, installed to left and right—the office known as state chancellor. Higher still were the ranks Guolun, Yishi, Hurulu, Yicai, Amai, Ashe, Hao, and Die—the ladder by which clansmen and meritorious servants were advanced. A tribal chief was styled bojin; one who ruled several tribes was called hurulu. All of these offices were swept away when Emperor Xizong established the formal bureaucracy. Afterward only the border-pacification post called tuli survived; beneath the ulugu stood the saowen tuoduo, and beneath the xiangwen the mohu and xinikun—these remained codified in the bureaucracy and were not abolished, all titles inherited from the Liao.
2
漢官之制，自平州人不樂為猛安謀克之官，始置長吏以下。 天輔七年以左企弓行樞密院于廣甯，尚踵遼南院之舊。 天會四年，建尚書省，遂有三省之制。 至熙宗頒新官制及換官格，除拜內外官，始定勳封食邑入銜，而後其制定。 然大率皆循遼、宋之舊。 海陵庶人正隆元年罷中書門下省，止置尚書省。 自省而下官司之別，曰院、曰台、曰府、曰司、曰寺、曰監、曰局、曰署、曰所，各統其屬以修其職。 職有定位，員有常數，紀綱明，庶務舉，是以終金之世守而不敢變焉。 大定二十八年，在仕官一萬九千七百員，四季赴選者千餘，歲數監差者三千。 明昌四年奏，周歲，官死及事故者六百七十，新入仕者五百一十，見在官萬一千四百九十九，內女直四千七百五員，漢人六千七百九十四員。 至泰和七年，在仕官四萬七千餘，四季部擬授者千七百，監官到部者九千二百九十餘，則三倍世宗之時矣。 若宣宗之招賢所、經略司，義宗之益政院，雖危亡之政亦必列於其次，以著一時之事雲。
The Han bureaucracy began when Pingzhou subjects, reluctant to hold meng'an and mouke posts, were first given regular magistrates and their subordinates. In Tianfu year 7 Zuo Qigong ran the Bureau of Military Affairs at Guangning, still on the pattern of the Liao Southern Commission. In Tianhui year 4 the Imperial Secretariat was founded, giving the state the Three Departments framework. Under Xizong the new bureaucracy and transfer regulations were issued; appointments of central and local officials were made, titles of merit, fiefs, and stipendiary estates were standardized in rank designations—and only then was the system complete. For the most part, however, it followed Liao and Song precedents. In Zhenglong year 1 the usurper Hailing abolished the Secretariat and Chancellery, leaving only the Imperial Secretariat. Beneath the Secretariat the agencies were divided into yuan, tai, fu, si, temples, jian, ju, shu, and suo—each supervising its staff to carry out its functions. Every post had its place and every office its quota; discipline was clear and business ran smoothly—so for the whole Jin dynasty the system was kept intact and no one dared change it. In Dading year 28 there were 19,700 officials in service; each season more than a thousand presented themselves for appointment, and some three thousand received supervisory commissions annually. A Mingchang year 4 report noted that over the past year 670 officials had died or left through mishap, 510 had newly entered service, and 11,499 remained on the rolls—4,705 Jurchen and 6,794 Han. By Taihe year 7 more than 47,000 officials were in service; the ministries drafted 1,700 appointments each season, and over 9,290 supervisory officers reported to the capital—three times the figure under Emperor Shizong. Emperor Xuanzong's Office for Recruiting Talent and Pacification Commission, and Emperor Yizong's Bureau for Benefiting Government—even institutions of a dynasty in collapse—are recorded below to mark what belonged to each reign.
3
太師、太傅、太保各一員，皆正一品。 師範一人，儀刑四海。
The Grand Preceptor, Grand Tutor, and Grand Guardian—one post each, all at the first positive rank. A lone exemplar of learning, the moral pattern for the realm.
4
太尉、司徒、司空各一員，皆正一品。 論道經邦，燮理陰陽。
The Grand Commandant, Minister of Education, and Minister of Works—one post each, all at the first positive rank. They counsel on the Way, steer the state, and harmonize the forces of yin and yang.
5
尚書省
Imperial Secretariat
6
尚書令一員，正一品。 總領紀綱，儀刑端揆。 左丞相、右丞相各一員，從一品。 平章政事二員，從一品。 為宰相，掌丞天子，平章萬機。 左丞、右丞各一員，正二品。 參知政事二員，從二品。 為執政官，為宰相之貳，佐治省事。
Director of the Secretariat—one post, first positive rank. He presides over the entire administrative code and sets the standard for the chief ministers. Left and Right Chancellor—one each, first secondary rank. Commissioners with Full Authority—two posts, first secondary rank. As chancellors they assist the Son of Heaven and deliberate on every matter of government. Left and Right Vice Chancellor—one each, second positive rank. Participating Administrators—two posts, second secondary rank. They are executive officers, second to the chancellors, and help administer secretariat business.
7
左司，郎中一員，正五品。 國初置左、右司侍郎，天眷三年始更今名。 舊凡視朝，執政官親執奏，自天德二年詔以付左、右司官，為定制。 員外郎一員，正六品。 掌本司奏事，總察吏、戶、禮三部受事付事，兼帶修起居注官，回避其間記述之事。 每月朔朝，則先集是月秩滿者為簿，名曰闕本，及行止簿、貼黃簿、並官制同進呈，御覽畢則受而藏之。 每有除拜，凡尚書省所不敢擬注者，則一闕具二三人以聽制授焉。 都事二員，正七品。 貞元二年，左右司官，宮中出身，並進士、令史三色人內通選。 三年，以監察禦史相應人取次稟奏，不復擬注。 掌本司受事付事，檢勾稽失、省署文牘，兼知省內宿直，檢校架閣等事。 右司所掌同。 右司，郎中一員，正五品。 員外郎一員，正六品。 掌本司奏事，總察兵、刑、工三部受事付事，兼帶修注官，回避其間記述之事。 都事二員，正七品。
Left Bureau: one Director at the fifth positive rank. At the dynasty's founding the posts were Left and Right Bureau Vice Directors; in Tianjuan year 3 they received their present titles. Formerly at court audiences the executive ministers presented memorials in person; from Tiande year 2 onward an edict entrusted this duty to the Left and Right Bureau officers, and that became fixed practice. Associate Director—one post, sixth positive rank. He handles the bureau's presentations to the throne, supervises intake and routing for the Personnel, Revenue, and Rites ministries, and also serves as diarist—recusing himself from anything he must record. At the first audience of each month he first assembles a list of officers whose terms expire that month—the Vacancy Register—along with the Conduct Register, the Yellow-Slip Register, and the code of offices; all are presented together, and after the emperor has reviewed them they are filed away. For any appointment the Secretariat itself would not dare to nominate, two or three candidates are listed for a single vacancy and the emperor chooses whom to appoint. Chief Clerks—two posts, seventh positive rank. In Zhenyuan year 2 Left and Right Bureau officers were selected from palace-trained staff, jinshi degree-holders, and secretariat clerks alike. In year 3 suitable censorate investigators were reported to the throne in turn for appointment, and the Secretariat no longer drafted nominations. They handle the bureau's intake and routing, audit for errors, review secretariat paperwork, oversee night duty in the Secretariat, and inspect the archive. The Right Bureau's responsibilities are identical. Right Bureau: one Director at the fifth positive rank. Associate Director—one post, sixth positive rank. He handles the bureau's presentations, supervises intake and routing for the War, Justice, and Works ministries, and also serves as diarist—recusing himself from anything he must record. Chief Clerks—two posts, seventh positive rank.
8
尚書省祗候郎君管勾官，從七品。 掌祗候郎君，謹其出入及差遣之事。 承安二年以前，走馬郎君擬注。 《泰和令》，以左右女直都事兼。 正大間，改用親從人。
Secretariat Attendant Escort Controller—seventh secondary rank. He supervises the attendant escorts, regulating their movements and assignments. Before Chengan year 2 the post was filled by draft nomination of mounted escorts. Under the Taihe Statutes the Left and Right Jurchen Chief Clerks hold the post concurrently. In the Zhengda era the post was filled by the emperor's personal attendants.
9
架閣庫大定二十一年六月設，仍以都事提控之。 管勾舊二員，正大省一員，正八品。 同管勾舊二員，正大省一員，從八品。 總掌察左右司大程官追付文牘，並提控小都監給受紙筆，余管勾同。 女直省令史三十五人，左二十人，右十五人。 大定二十四年為三十人，進士十人，宰執子、宗室子十人，密院台部統軍司令史十人。 漢令史三十五人，左二十一人、右十四人。 省譯史十四人，左右各七人。 女直譯史同。 通事八人，左右各四人。 高麗、夏國、回紇譯史四人，左右各二人。 諸部通事六人。 曳剌二十人。 走馬郎君五十人。 提點歲賜所，左右司郎中，員外郎兼之，掌提點歲賜出入錢幣之事。
The Archive Repository was founded in the sixth month of Dading year 21 and remained under Chief Clerk supervision. Controllers—formerly two; under Zhengda reduced to one at the eighth positive rank. Associate Controllers—formerly two; under Zhengda reduced to one at the eighth secondary rank. They track down documents from senior Left and Right Bureau clerks and supervise junior controllers in distributing stationery; their other duties match those of the controllers. Jurchen secretariat clerks—35 in all: 20 on the left, 15 on the right. In Dading year 24 the quota was set at 30: ten jinshi, ten sons of chief ministers and clansmen, and ten clerks drawn from the Military Affairs Bureau, Censorate, ministries, and army commands. Han secretariat clerks—35 in all: 21 on the left, 14 on the right. Secretariat translators—14 in all, seven on each side. Jurchen translators—the same quota. Interpreters—eight in all, four on each side. Translators for Koryŏ, Western Xia, and Uyghur—four in all, two on each side. Tribal interpreters—six in all. Yela couriers—twenty in all. Mounted escorts—fifty in all. Office for Overseeing Annual Grants: held concurrently by the Left and Right Bureau Directors and Associate Directors, which supervises the issue and receipt of annual stipend monies.
10
堂食公使酒庫。 使一員，從八品。 掌受給歲賜錢，總領庫事。 副一員，正九品。 掌貳使事。
Hall Provisions and Envoy Wine Storehouse Commissioner—one post, eighth secondary rank. He receives and disburses annual grant funds and oversees the storehouse. Deputy—one post, ninth positive rank. He assists the commissioner.
11
直省局。 局長，從八品。 掌都堂之禮及官員參謝之儀。 副局長，正九品，掌貳局長。 管勾尚書省樂工，從九品。
Direct Secretariat Bureau Bureau Chief—eighth secondary rank. He oversees ceremony in the chief hall and the protocol for officials' audiences and leave-taking. Deputy Bureau Chief—ninth positive rank, assisting the Bureau Chief. Controller of Secretariat Musicians—ninth secondary rank.
12
國初與左、右司通署，天眷三年始分治。
At the dynasty's founding it shared quarters with the Left and Right Bureaus; in Tianjuan year 3 it received its own administration.
13
尚書一員，正三品。 侍郎一員，正四品。 郎中二員，從五品。 天德二年，增作四員，後省。 員外郎，從六品。 天德二年，增作四員，後省。 掌文武選授、勳封、考課、出給制誥之政。 以才行勞效，比仕者之賢否； 以行止、文冊、貼黃簿，制名闕之機要。 正七品以上，以名上省，聽制授。 從七品以下，每至季月則循資格而擬注，自八品以上則奏，以下則否。 侍郎以下，皆為尚書之貳。 郎中掌文武選、流外遷用、官吏差使、行止名簿、封爵制誥。 一員掌勳級酬賞、承襲用廕、循遷、致仕、考課、議諡之事。 員外郎分判曹務及參議事，所掌與郎中同。
Minister—one post, third positive rank. Vice Minister—one post, fourth positive rank. Directors—two posts, fifth secondary rank. In Tiande year 2 the quota was raised to four; later it was cut back. Associate Director—sixth secondary rank. In Tiande year 2 the quota was raised to four; later it was cut back. It governs civil and military appointments, enfeoffment for merit, performance reviews, and the issue of patents of office. By talent, conduct, and service it judges whether candidates are fit for office; and through the Conduct Register, personnel files, and Yellow-Slip Register it controls the machinery for filling named vacancies. From the seventh positive rank upward, names go to the Secretariat and await the emperor's appointment. From the seventh secondary rank down, draft nominations each season follow seniority rules; from the eighth rank up they are reported to the throne, below that they are not. From the Vice Minister down, all serve as the Minister's deputies. The Directors handle civil and military selection, promotion of non-regular clerks, official assignments, conduct registers, ennoblement, and patents of appointment. One Director oversees merit grades and rewards, hereditary succession and yin privilege, routine transfers, retirement, performance reviews, and deliberation on posthumous titles. Associate Directors divide departmental business and join deliberations; their duties match those of the Directors.
14
文官九品，階凡四十有二：從一品上曰開府儀同三司，中曰儀同三司，中次曰特進，下曰崇進。 正二品上曰金紫光祿大夫，下曰銀青榮祿大夫。 從二品上曰光祿大夫，下曰榮祿大夫。 正三品上曰資德大夫，中曰資政大夫，下曰資善大夫。 從三品上曰正奉大夫，中曰通奉大夫，下曰中奉大夫。 正四品上曰正議大夫，中曰通議大夫，下曰嘉議大夫。 從四品上曰大中大夫，中曰中大夫，下曰少中大夫。 正五品上曰中議大夫，中曰中憲大夫，下曰中順大夫。 從五品上曰朝請大夫，中曰朝散大夫，下曰朝列大夫。 舊日奉德大夫，天德二年更。 正六品上曰奉政大夫，下曰奉議大夫。 從六品上曰奉直大夫，下曰奉訓大夫。 正七品上曰承德郎，下曰承直郎。 從七品上曰承務郎，下曰儒林郎。 正八品上曰文林郎，下曰承事郎。 從八品上曰征事郎，下曰從仕郎。 正九品上曰登仕郎，下曰將仕郎。 從九品上曰登仕佐郎，下曰將仕佐郎。 此二階，大定十四年創增。
Civil officials of nine ranks have forty-two grades: at the top of the first secondary rank stands Superior Opening the Government with Equal Ceremony to the Three Dukes; in the middle, Equal Ceremony to the Three Dukes; next below, Special Advancement; at the bottom, Honored Advancement. At the top of the second positive rank is Grand Master of Splendid Happiness with Golden Belt and Purple Ribbon; below it, Grand Master of Glorious Happiness with Silver Belt and Blue Ribbon. At the top of the second secondary rank is Grand Master of the Imperial Household; below it, Grand Master of Honor. At the top of the third positive rank is Grand Master of Assisting Virtue; in the middle, Grand Master of Assisting Governance; at the bottom, Grand Master of Assisting Goodness. At the top of the third secondary rank is Grand Master for Direct Audience; in the middle, Grand Master for Regular Audience; at the bottom, Grand Master for Attending Audience. At the top of the fourth positive rank is Grand Master for Direct Discussion; in the middle, Grand Master for Regular Discussion; at the bottom, Grand Master for Commendable Discussion. At the top of the fourth secondary rank is Grand Master of Palace Attendance; in the middle, Palace Attendant Grand Master; at the bottom, Junior Palace Attendant Grand Master. At the top of the fifth positive rank is Grand Master for Central Discussion; in the middle, Grand Master for Central Rectification; at the bottom, Grand Master for Central Compliance. At the top of the fifth secondary rank is Grand Master for Court Audience; in the middle, Grand Master for Dispersal at Court; at the bottom, Grand Master for Court Arrangement. It had formerly been Grand Master of Virtuous Tribute; the title was changed in Tiande year 2. At the top of the sixth positive rank is Grand Master for Assisting Governance; below it, Grand Master for Assisting Discussion. At the top of the sixth secondary rank is Grand Master for Direct Assistance; below it, Grand Master for Assisting Instruction. At the top of the seventh positive rank is Gentleman for Honoring Virtue; below it, Gentleman for Honoring Uprightness. At the top of the seventh secondary rank is Gentleman for Honoring Affairs; below it, Gentleman of the Forest of Scholars. At the top of the eighth positive rank is Gentleman of the Forest of Letters; below it, Gentleman for Honoring Service. At the top of the eighth secondary rank is Gentleman for Attending Affairs; below it, Gentleman for Following Service. At the top of the ninth positive rank is Gentleman for Entering Service; below it, Gentleman for Awaiting Service. At the top of the ninth secondary rank is Assistant Gentleman for Entering Service; below it, Assistant Gentleman for Awaiting Service. These two grades were first established in Dading year 14.
15
武散官，凡仕至從二品以上至從一品者，皆用文資。 自正三品以下，階與文資同：正三品上曰龍虎衛上將軍，中曰金吾衛上將軍，下曰驃騎衛上將軍。 從三品上曰奉國上將軍，中曰輔國上將軍，下曰鎮國上將軍。 正四品上曰昭武大將軍，中曰昭毅大將軍，下曰昭勇大將軍。 從四品上曰安遠大將軍，中曰定遠大將軍，下曰懷遠大將軍。 正五品上曰廣威將軍，中曰宣威將軍，下曰明威將軍。 從五品上曰信武將軍，中曰顯武將軍，下曰宣武將軍。 正六品上曰武節將軍，下曰武德將軍。 從六品上曰武義將軍，下曰武略將軍。 正七品上曰承信校尉，下曰昭信校尉。 從七品上曰忠武校尉，下曰忠顯校尉。 正八品上曰忠勇校尉，下曰忠翊校尉。 從八品上曰修武校尉，下曰敦武校尉。 正九品上曰保義校尉，下曰進義校尉。 從九品上曰保義副尉，下曰進義副尉。 此二階，大定十四年創增。
For military scattered ranks, anyone serving from the second secondary rank up through the first secondary rank uses civil rank titles. From the third positive rank down, the grades match those of civil ranks: at the top of the third positive rank is General-in-Chief of the Dragon-Tiger Guard; in the middle, General-in-Chief of the Golden Crow Guard; at the bottom, General-in-Chief of the Flying Cavalry Guard. At the top of the third secondary rank is General-in-Chief for Serving the State; in the middle, General-in-Chief for Assisting the State; at the bottom, General-in-Chief for Pacifying the State. At the top of the fourth positive rank is Grand General of Manifest Martiality; in the middle, Grand General of Manifest Resolution; at the bottom, Grand General of Manifest Courage. At the top of the fourth secondary rank is Grand General for Pacifying the Distant; in the middle, Grand General for Settling the Distant; at the bottom, Grand General for Cherishing the Distant. At the top of the fifth positive rank is General of Broad Authority; in the middle, General of Proclaimed Authority; at the bottom, General of Illustrious Authority. At the top of the fifth secondary rank is General of Trustworthy Martiality; in the middle, General of Eminent Martiality; at the bottom, General of Proclaimed Martiality. At the top of the sixth positive rank is General of Martial Merit; below it, General of Martial Virtue. At the top of the sixth secondary rank is General of Martial Righteousness; below it, General of Martial Strategy. At the top of the seventh positive rank is Colonel for Upholding Trust; below it, Colonel of Manifest Trust. At the top of the seventh secondary rank is Loyal and Martial Colonel; below it, Loyal and Eminent Colonel. At the top of the eighth positive rank is Loyal and Courageous Colonel; below it, Loyal and Assisting Colonel. At the top of the eighth secondary rank is Colonel for Cultivating Martiality; below it, Colonel for Honest Martiality. At the top of the ninth positive rank is Colonel for Upholding Righteousness; below it, Colonel for Advancing Righteousness. At the top of the ninth secondary rank is Assistant Colonel for Upholding Righteousness; below it, Assistant Colonel for Advancing Righteousness. These two grades were first established in Dading year 14.
16
封爵：正從一品曰郡王，曰國公。 正從二品曰郡公。 正從三品曰郡侯。 正從四品曰郡伯。 舊曰縣伯，承安二年更。 正五品曰縣子，從五品曰縣男。
Enfeoffment ranks: at the first positive and secondary ranks are Prince of a Commandery and State Duke. At the second positive and secondary ranks is Commandery Duke. At the third positive and secondary ranks is Commandery Marquis. At the fourth positive and secondary ranks is Commandery Earl. It had formerly been called County Earl; the title was changed in Chengan year 2. At the fifth positive rank is County Viscount; at the fifth secondary rank, County Baron.
17
凡勳級：正二品曰上柱國，從二品曰柱國。 正三品曰上護軍，從三品曰護軍。 正四品曰上輕車都尉，從四品曰輕車都尉。 正五品曰上騎都尉，從五品曰騎都尉。 正六品曰驍騎尉，從六品曰飛騎尉。 正七品曰雲騎尉，從七品曰武騎尉。
Merit grades in general: at the second positive rank is Upper Pillar of the State; at the second secondary rank, Pillar of the State. At the third positive rank is Upper Protector of the Army; at the third secondary rank, Protector of the Army. At the fourth positive rank is Upper Commandant of Light Chariots; at the fourth secondary rank, Commandant of Light Chariots. At the fifth positive rank is Upper Commandant of Cavalry; at the fifth secondary rank, Commandant of Cavalry. At the sixth positive rank is Captain of Valiant Cavalry; at the sixth secondary rank, Captain of Flying Cavalry. At the seventh positive rank is Captain of Cloud Cavalry; at the seventh secondary rank, Captain of Martial Cavalry.
18
凡食邑：封王者萬戶，實封一千戶。 郡王五千戶，實封五百戶。 國公三千戶，實封三百戶。 郡公二千戶，實封二百戶。 郡侯一千戶，實封一百戶。 郡伯七百戶，縣子五百戶，縣男三百戶，皆無實封。 自天眷定制，凡食邑，同散官入銜。
Stipendiary estates in general: princely enfeoffment carried ten thousand nominal households and one thousand actual fief households. Princes of a Commandery received five thousand nominal households and five hundred actual fief households. State Dukes received three thousand nominal households and three hundred actual fief households. Commandery Dukes received two thousand nominal households and two hundred actual fief households. Commandery Marquises received one thousand nominal households and one hundred actual fief households. Commandery Earls received seven hundred households, County Viscounts five hundred, and County Barons three hundred; none of these carried an actual fief. Since the Tianjuan institutional reform, stipendiary estates have been entered into the title together with scattered ranks.
19
司天翰林官，舊制自從七品而下止五階，至天眷定制，司天自從四品而下，立為十五階：從四品上曰欽象大夫，中曰正儀大夫，下曰欽授大夫。 正五品上曰靈憲大夫，中曰明時大夫，下曰頒朔大夫。 從五品上曰雲紀大夫，中曰協紀大夫，下曰保章大夫。 正六品上曰紀和大夫，下曰司玄大夫。 從六品上曰探賾郎，下曰授時郎。 正七品上曰究微郎，下曰靈台郎。 從七品上曰明緯郎，下曰候儀郎。 正八品上曰推策郎，下曰司正郎。 從八品上曰校景郎，下曰平秩郎。 正九品上曰正紀郎，下曰挈壺郎。 從九品上曰司曆郎，下曰司辰郎。
Directorate of Astronomy officials: under the old system there were only five grades from the seventh secondary rank down; under the Tianjuan institutional reform the directorate was given fifteen grades from the fourth secondary rank down: at the top of the fourth secondary rank is Grand Master of Revering the Cosmos; in the middle, Grand Master of Correct Ritual; at the bottom, Grand Master of Revering Transmission. At the top of the fifth positive rank is Grand Master of Spiritual Statutes; in the middle, Grand Master of Clarifying the Seasons; at the bottom, Grand Master of Proclaiming the New Moon. At the top of the fifth secondary rank is Grand Master of Cloud Records; in the middle, Grand Master of Harmonizing Records; at the bottom, Grand Master of Preserving the Observations. At the top of the sixth positive rank is Grand Master of Recording Harmony; below it, Grand Master of Managing the Dark Heavens. At the top of the sixth secondary rank is Gentleman for Probing the Profound; below it, Gentleman for Transmitting the Seasons. At the top of the seventh positive rank is Gentleman for Investigating the Subtle; below it, Gentleman of the Spiritual Terrace. At the top of the seventh secondary rank is Gentleman for Clarifying Latitude; below it, Gentleman for Observing Instruments. At the top of the eighth positive rank is Gentleman for Calculating Stems and Branches; below it, Gentleman for Managing Corrections. At the top of the eighth secondary rank is Gentleman for Calibrating the Gnomon; below it, Gentleman for Balancing the Calendar. At the top of the ninth positive rank is Gentleman for Correct Records; below it, Gentleman for Managing the Water Clock. At the top of the ninth secondary rank is Gentleman for Managing the Calendar; below it, Gentleman for Managing Timekeeping.
20
太醫官，舊自從六品而下止七階，天眷制，自從四品而下，立為十五階：從四品上曰保宜大夫，中曰保康大夫，下曰保平大夫。 正五品上曰保頤大夫，中曰保安大夫，下曰保和大夫。 從五品上曰保善大夫，中曰保嘉大夫，下曰保順大夫。 正六品上曰保合大夫，下曰保沖大夫。 從六品上曰保愈郎，下曰保全郎。 正七品上曰成正郎，下曰成安郎。 從七品上曰成順郎，下曰成和郎。 正八品上曰成愈郎，下曰成全郎。 從八品上曰醫全郎，下曰醫正郎。 正九品上曰醫效郎，下曰醫候郎。 從九品上曰醫痊郎，下曰醫愈郎。
Imperial Medical officials: formerly there were only seven grades from the sixth secondary rank down; under the Tianjuan system fifteen grades were established from the fourth secondary rank down: at the top of the fourth secondary rank is Grand Master of Preserving Suitability; in the middle, Grand Master of Preserving Health; at the bottom, Grand Master of Preserving Tranquility. At the top of the fifth positive rank is Grand Master of Preserving Nourishment; in the middle, Grand Master of Preserving Security; at the bottom, Grand Master of Preserving Harmony. At the top of the fifth secondary rank is Grand Master of Preserving Goodness; in the middle, Grand Master of Preserving Excellence; at the bottom, Grand Master of Preserving Compliance. At the top of the sixth positive rank is Grand Master of Preserving Unity; below it, Grand Master of Preserving Equilibrium. At the top of the sixth secondary rank is Gentleman for Preserving Recovery; below it, Gentleman for Preserving Wholeness. At the top of the seventh positive rank is Gentleman for Achieving Correctness; below it, Gentleman for Achieving Tranquility. At the top of the seventh secondary rank is Gentleman for Achieving Compliance; below it, Gentleman for Achieving Harmony. At the top of the eighth positive rank is Gentleman for Achieving Recovery; below it, Gentleman for Achieving Wholeness. At the top of the eighth secondary rank is Medical Gentleman for Wholeness; below it, Medical Gentleman for Correctness. At the top of the ninth positive rank is Medical Gentleman for Efficacy; below it, Medical Gentleman for Diagnosis. At the top of the ninth secondary rank is Medical Gentleman for Curing Illness; below it, Medical Gentleman for Recovery.
21
內侍，天德創制，自從四品以下，十五階：從四品上曰中散大夫，中曰中尹大夫，下曰中侍大夫。 正五品上曰中列大夫，中曰中禦大夫，下曰中儀大夫。 從五品上曰中常大夫，中曰中益大夫，下曰中衛大夫。 正六品上曰中良大夫天德作中亮，下曰中涓大夫。 從六品上曰通禁郎，下曰通侍郎。 正七品上曰通掖郎，下曰通禦郎。 從七品上曰禁直郎，下曰侍直郎。 正八品上曰掖直郎，下曰內直郎。 從八品上曰司贊郎，下曰司謁郎。 正九品上曰司閽郎，下曰司僕郎。 從九品上曰司奉郎，下曰司引郎。
Inner Attendants were established in Tiande in fifteen grades from the fourth secondary rank down: at the top of the fourth secondary rank is Grand Master of Central Dispersal; in the middle, Grand Master of Central Superintendent; at the bottom, Grand Master of Central Attendance. At the top of the fifth positive rank is Grand Master of Central Arrangement; in the middle, Grand Master of Central Imperial Guard; at the bottom, Grand Master of Central Etiquette. At the top of the fifth secondary rank is Grand Master of Central Constancy; in the middle, Grand Master of Central Benefit; at the bottom, Grand Master of Central Guard. At the top of the sixth positive rank is Grand Master of Central Goodness, changed in Tiande to Grand Master of Central Brightness; below it, Grand Master of Central Service. At the top of the sixth secondary rank is Gentleman for Pervading Restriction; below it, Gentleman for Pervading Attendance. At the top of the seventh positive rank is Gentleman for Pervading the Side Chamber; below it, Gentleman for Pervading Imperial Guard. At the top of the seventh secondary rank is Gentleman on Restriction Duty; below it, Gentleman on Attendance Duty. At the top of the eighth positive rank is Gentleman on Side-Chamber Duty; below it, Gentleman on Inner Duty. At the top of the eighth secondary rank is Gentleman for Managing Praise; below it, Gentleman for Managing Audiences. At the top of the ninth positive rank is Gentleman for Managing the Gate; below it, Gentleman for Managing Servants. At the top of the ninth secondary rank is Gentleman for Managing Offerings; below it, Gentleman for Managing Escort.
22
教坊，舊用武散官，大定二十九年以為不稱，乃創定二十五階。 明昌三年，自從四品以下，更立為十五階：從四品上曰雲韶大夫，中曰仙韶大夫，下曰成韶大夫。 正五品上曰章德大夫，中曰長寧大夫，下曰德和大夫。 從五品上曰景雲大夫，中曰雲和大夫，下曰協律大夫。 正六品上曰慶喜大夫，下曰嘉成大夫。 從六品上曰肅和郎，下曰純和郎。 正七品上曰舒和郎，下曰調音郎。 從七品上曰比音郎，下曰司樂郎。 正八品上曰典樂郎，下曰協樂郎。 從八品上曰掌樂郎，下曰和樂郎。 正九品上曰司音郎，下曰司律郎。 從九品上曰和聲郎，下曰和節郎。
The Music Bureau had formerly used military scattered ranks; in Dading year 29 these were judged unsuitable, and twenty-five new grades were established. In Mingchang year 3 the bureau was reorganized into fifteen grades from the fourth secondary rank down: at the top of the fourth secondary rank is Grand Master of Cloud Music; in the middle, Grand Master of Immortal Music; at the bottom, Grand Master of Completed Music. At the top of the fifth positive rank is Grand Master of Manifest Virtue; in the middle, Grand Master of Lasting Tranquility; at the bottom, Grand Master of Virtuous Harmony. At the top of the fifth secondary rank is Grand Master of Resplendent Clouds; in the middle, Grand Master of Cloud Harmony; at the bottom, Grand Master of Harmonizing Pitch. At the top of the sixth positive rank is Grand Master of Celebratory Joy; below it, Grand Master of Fine Completion. At the top of the sixth secondary rank is Gentleman of Solemn Harmony; below it, Gentleman of Pure Harmony. At the top of the seventh positive rank is Gentleman of Relaxed Harmony; below it, Gentleman for Tuning Pitch. At the top of the seventh secondary rank is Gentleman for Matching Pitch; below it, Gentleman for Managing Music. At the top of the eighth positive rank is Gentleman for Presiding over Music; below it, Gentleman for Harmonizing Music. At the top of the eighth secondary rank is Gentleman for Directing Music; below it, Gentleman of Harmonious Music. At the top of the ninth positive rank is Gentleman for Managing Pitch; below it, Gentleman for Managing Tones. At the top of the ninth secondary rank is Gentleman of Harmonious Sound; below it, Gentleman of Harmonious Measure.
23
凡內外官之政績，所曆之資考，更代之期，去就之故，秩滿皆備陳于解由，吏部據以定能否。 又撮解由之要，于銓擬時讀之，謂之銓頭。 又會歷任銓頭，而書于行止簿。 行止簿者，以姓為類，而書各人平日所曆之資考功過者也。 又為簿，列百司官名，有所更代，則以小黃綾書更代之期，及所以去就之故，而制其銓擬之要領焉。
For all inner and outer officials, administrative achievements, seniority reviews through posts held, replacement schedules, and reasons for departure or appointment are fully recorded in the certificate of release when a term expires; the Ministry of Personnel uses these records to judge fitness for office. The essential points from each certificate are excerpted and read at the time of selection and nomination; this summary is called the selection headnote. Selection headnotes from successive appointments are compiled and entered in the Conduct Register. The Conduct Register arranges entries by surname and records each official's accumulated seniority reviews, merits, and faults from ordinary service. Another register lists the official names of all bureaus; when replacements occur, the rotation schedule and the reasons for departure or appointment are written on small yellow silk slips, thereby governing the essentials of selection and nomination.
24
凡縣令，則省除、部除者通書而各疏之。 泰和四年，定考課法，准唐令，作四善、十七最之制。 四善之一曰德義有聞，二曰清慎明著，三曰公平可稱，四曰勤恪匪懈。 十七最之一曰禮樂興行，肅清所部，為政教之最。 二曰賦役均平，田野加辟，為牧民之最。 三曰決斷不滯，與奪當理，為判事之最。 四曰鈐束吏卒，奸盜不滋，為嚴明之最。 五曰案簿分明，評擬均當，為檢校之最。 以上皆謂縣令、丞簿、警巡使副、錄事、司候、判官也。 六曰詳斷合宜，咨執當理，為幕職之最。 七曰盜賊消弭，使人安靜，為巡捕之最。 八曰明于出納，物無損失，為倉庫之最。 九曰訓導有方，生徒充業，為學官之最。 十曰檢察有方，行旅無滯，為關津之最。 十一曰堤防堅固，備禦無虞，為河防之最。 十二曰出納明敏，數無濫失，為監督之最。 十三曰謹察禁囚，輕重無怨，為獄官之最。 十四曰物價得實，奸濫不行，為市司之最，謂市令也。 十五曰戎器完肅，捍守有方，為邊防之最，謂正副部隊將、鎮防官也。 十六曰議獄得情，處斷公平，為法官之最。 十七曰差役均平，盜賊止息，為軍職之最，謂都軍、軍轄也。
For county magistrates, appointments made by provincial commission and by ministerial commission are recorded together in the evaluation report, with each appointment itemized separately. In Taihe year 4 the performance-evaluation law was established; following Tang regulations, the Jin adopted the system of Four Virtues and Seventeen Excellences. The Four Virtues were these: first, that one's virtue and righteousness are widely known; second, that one's purity and prudence are clearly evident; third, that one's fairness is praiseworthy; fourth, that one's diligence and earnestness never flag. The first of the Seventeen Excellences was that rites and music flourish and the jurisdiction is kept in good order—the highest mark in governance and instruction. The second was even tax and corvée levies and further opening of the fields—the highest mark in caring for the people. The third was prompt adjudication and grants and denials in accord with reason—the highest mark in deciding cases. The fourth was strict control of clerks and guards and the suppression of theft and brigandage—the highest mark in strict and clear administration. The fifth was clear case records and fair evaluations and nominations—the highest mark in auditing and verification. The above all applied to county magistrates, assistant magistrates and registrars, chief and deputy police patrol commissioners, record clerks, gate inspectors, and judicial aides. The sixth was appropriate detailed adjudication and consultation and execution in accord with reason—the highest mark for staff officers. The seventh was the elimination of bandits and thieves and the peace of the people—the highest mark in patrol and arrest. The eighth was mastery of receipts and disbursements with no loss of goods—the highest mark in granaries and storehouses. The ninth was effective instruction and students fully completing their studies—the highest mark for educational officers. The tenth was thorough inspection so that travelers were not delayed—the highest mark at passes and ferries. The eleventh was solid dikes and prepared defenses without cause for alarm—the highest mark in river flood control. The twelfth was clear and efficient receipts and disbursements with no excess or loss in the accounts—the highest mark in supervisory posts. The thirteenth was careful oversight of prisoners with no grievances over the severity of punishment—the highest mark for prison officials. The fourteenth was accurate commodity prices and the suppression of fraud and adulteration—the highest mark for market officials, that is, market commissioners. The fifteenth was complete military equipment and effective defense—the highest mark in frontier defense, meaning primary and deputy unit commanders and garrison officers. The sixteenth was legal deliberation that grasped the facts and fair adjudication—the highest mark for judicial officers. The seventeenth was even corvée assignment and the cessation of banditry—the highest mark for military posts, meaning army commanders and military administrators.
25
凡縣令以下，三最以上有四善或三善者為上，升一等，三最以上有二善者為中，減兩資歷，三最以上有一善為下，減一資歷。 節度判官、防禦判官、軍判以下，一最而有四善或三善為上，減一資歷，一最而有二善為中，升為榜首，一最而有一善為下，升本等首。 又以明昌四年所定，軍民俱稱為廉能者是為廉能官之制，參於其間而定其甄擢焉。 宣宗興定元年，行辟舉縣令法，以六事考之，一曰田野辟，二曰戶口增，三曰賦役平，四曰盜賊息，五曰軍民和，六曰詞訟簡。 六事俱備為上等，升職一等。 兼四事者為中等，減二資歷。 其次為下等，減一資歷。 否則為不稱職，罷而降之。 平常者依本格。
For county magistrates and below, an official with three or more excellences and four or three virtues was rated superior and advanced one grade; three excellences and two virtues rated middle, with two years of seniority deducted; three excellences and one virtue rated inferior, with one year of seniority deducted. For judicial aides to military commissioners and defense commissioners, and for army judges and below, one excellence with four or three virtues rated superior, with one year of seniority deducted; one excellence with two virtues rated middle and placed at the head of the nomination list; one excellence with one virtue rated inferior and placed at the head of that grade. In addition, the standard established in Mingchang year 4 identified officials whom both soldiers and civilians praised as upright and capable—the system of upright-and-capable officials—and this criterion was woven into evaluations to determine promotion. In Xingding year 1 Emperor Xuanzong instituted a system of recommending county magistrates, evaluated on six criteria: land reclamation, population growth, even tax and corvée levies, suppressed banditry, harmony between military and civilians, and reduced litigation. Meeting all six criteria rated superior and earned advancement of one grade. Meeting four criteria rated middle, with two years of seniority deducted. Below that rated inferior, with one year of seniority deducted. Otherwise the magistrate was judged unfit for office and dismissed or demoted. Average performers were handled according to the standard regulations.
26
凡封王：大國號二十，曰：恆舊為遼，明昌二年以漢、遼、唐、宋、梁、秦、殷、楚之類，皆昔有天下者之號，不宜封臣下，遂皆改之、邵舊為梁、汴舊為宋、鎬舊為秦、並舊為晉、益舊為漢、彭舊為齊、趙、越、譙舊為殷、郢舊為楚、魯、冀、豫、絳舊為唐、袞、鄂舊為吳、夔舊為蜀、宛舊為陳、曹。 次國三十，曰：涇舊為隋、鄭、衛、韓、潞、豳、沈、岐、代、澤、徐、滕、薛、紀、升舊為原、邢、翼、豐、畢、鄧、鄆、霍、蔡、瀛按金格，葛當在此、沂、荊、榮、英、壽、溫。 小國三十：濮、遂舊曰濟、道、定、景後改為鄒、申、崇、宿、息、莒、鄴、郜、舒、淄、郕、萊舊為宗，以避諱改、鄖、郯、杞、向、管舊曰郇，興定元年改、密、胙、任、戴、鞏、蔣《士民須知》雲舊為葛、蕭、莘、芮。 封王之郡號十：金源、廣平、平原、南陽、常山、太原、平陽、東平、安定、延安。 封公主之縣號三十：樂安、清平、蓬萊、榮安、棲霞、壽光、靈仙、壽陽、鐘秀、惠和、永甯、慶雲、靜樂、福山、隆平、德平、文安、福昌、順安、樂壽、靜安、靈壽、大寧、聞喜、秀容、宜芳、真寧、嘉祥、金鄉、華原。
For enfeoffment as prince there were twenty great-state titles: Heng, formerly Liao—in Mingchang year 2 names such as Han, Liao, Tang, Song, Liang, Qin, Yin, and Chu, all titles of former dynasties that had once ruled the realm, were judged unsuitable for enfeoffing subjects and were all changed; Shao, formerly Liang; Bian, formerly Song; Hao, formerly Qin; Bing, formerly Jin; Yi, formerly Han; Peng, formerly Qi; Zhao; Yue; Qiao, formerly Yin; Ying, formerly Chu; Lu; Ji; Yu; Jiang, formerly Tang; Gun; E, formerly Wu; Kui, formerly Shu; Wan, formerly Chen; and Cao. There were thirty secondary states: Jing, formerly Sui; Zheng; Wei; Han; Lu; Bin; Shen; Qi; Dai; Ze; Xu; Teng; Xue; Ji; Sheng, formerly Yuan; Xing; Yi; Feng; Bi; Deng; Yun; Huo; Cai; Ying—according to Jin regulations, Ge ought to appear here; Yi; Jing; Rong; Ying; Shou; and Wen. There were thirty minor states: Pu; Sui, formerly Ji; Dao; Ding; Jing, later changed to Zou; Shen; Chong; Su; Xi; Ju; Ye; Gao; Shu; Zi; Cheng; Lai, formerly Zong, changed to avoid taboo; Yun; Tan; Qi; Xiang; Guan, formerly Xun, changed in Xingding year 1; Mi; Zuo; Ren; Dai; Gong; Jiang—Essentials for Officials and People states that Jiang was formerly Ge; Xiao; Shen; and Rui. Ten commandery titles were used for princely enfeoffment: Jinyuan, Guangping, Pingyuan, Nanyang, Changshan, Taiyuan, Pingyang, Dongping, Anding, and Yan'an. Thirty county titles were used for enfeoffment of princesses: Le'an, Qingping, Penglai, Rong'an, Qixia, Shouguang, Lingxian, Shouyang, Zhongxiu, Huihe, Yongning, Qingyun, Jingyue, Fushan, Longping, Deping, Wen'an, Fuchang, Shun'an, Leshou, Jing'an, Lingshou, Daning, Wenxi, Xiurong, Yifang, Zhenning, Jiaxiang, Jinxiang, and Huayuan.
27
凡白號之姓，完顏、溫蒂罕、夾谷、陀滿、僕散、術虎、移剌荅、斡勒、斡准、把、阿不罕、卓魯、回特、黑罕、會蘭、沈谷、塞蒲裏、吾古孫、石敦、卓陀、阿廝准、匹獨思、潘術古、諳石剌、石古苦、綴罕、光吉剌，皆封金源郡。 斐滿、徒單、溫敦、兀林荅、阿典、紇石烈、納闌、孛術魯、阿勒根、納合、石盞、蒲鮮、古裏甲、阿迭、聶摸欒、抹拈、納坦、兀撒惹、阿鮮、把古、溫古孫、耨碗、撒合烈、吾塞、和速嘉、能偃、阿裏班、兀裏坦、聶散、蒲速烈，皆封廣平郡。 吾古論、兀顏、女奚烈、獨吉、黃摑、顏盞、蒲古裏，必蘭、斡雷、獨鼎、尼厖窟窟亦作古、拓特、盍散、撒荅牙、阿速、撒剗、准土穀、納謀魯、業速布、安煦烈、愛申、拿可、貴益昆、溫撒、梭罕、霍域，皆封隴西郡。 黑號之姓，唐括舊書作同古、蒲察、術甲、蒙古、蒲速、粘割、奧屯、斜卯、准葛、諳蠻、獨虎、術魯、磨輦、益輦、帖暖、蘇孛輦，皆封彭城郡。
For white-banner clans, the surnames Wanyan, Wentehan, Jiagu, Tuoman, Pusan, Shuhu, Yilida, Wole, Wozhun, Ba, Abuhan, Zhuolu, Huite, Heihan, Huilan, Shengugu, Saipuli, Wugusun, Shidun, Zhuotuo, Asizhun, Pidusi, Panshugu, Anshila, Shiguku, Chuihan, and Guangjila were all enfeoffed as Jinyuan Commandery. The surnames Feiman, Tudan, Wendun, Wulinda, Adian, Heshilie, Nalan, Shushulu, Aleigen, Nahe, Shizhan, Puxian, Gulijia, Adie, Niemoquan, Monian, Nata, Wusare, Axian, Bagu, Wengusun, Nouwan, Sahelie, Wusai, Hesujia, Nengyan, Aliban, Wulitan, Niesan, and Pusulie were all enfeoffed as Guangping Commandery. The surnames Wugulun, Wuyan, Nvxilie, Duji, Huangqin, Yanzhan, Puguli, Bilan, Wolei, Duding, Nimongkuku—also written Gu—Tuote, Hesana, Sadaya, Asu, Sacha, Zhuntugu, Namolu, Yesubu, Anxulie, Aishen, Nake, Guiyikun, Wensa, Suohan, and Huoyu were all enfeoffed as Longxi Commandery. For black-banner clans, the surnames Tangguo—old texts write Tonggu—Pucha, Shujia, Menggu, Pusu, Nianqe, Aotun, Xiema, Zhunge, Anman, Duhu, Shulu, Monian, Yinian, Tienuan, and Subelinian were all enfeoffed as Pengcheng Commandery.
28
親王母妻，封一字王者舊封王妃，為正從一品。 次室封王夫人。 承安二年，敕王妃止封王夫人，次室封孺人。 郡王母妻封郡王夫人，國公母妻封國公夫人，郡公母妻封郡公夫人，郡侯母妻封郡君承安二年更為郡侯夫人，四品文散少中大夫、武散懷遠大將軍以上母妻封縣君承安二年為郡君，五品文散朝列大夫、武散宣武將軍以上母妻封鄉君承安二年為縣君。
The mother and wife of a prince enfeoffed with a single-character title, if previously enfeoffed as prince's consort, held the rank of primary or secondary first grade. Concubines received the title Lady of the Prince's Household. In Chengan year 2 an edict ruled that a prince's consort would receive only the title Lady of the Prince's Household, and a concubine the title Lady. The mother and wife of a commandery prince received the title Lady of the Commandery Prince; of a state duke, Lady of the State Duke; of a commandery duke, Lady of the Commandery Duke; of a commandery marquis, Commandery Lady—in Chengan year 2 changed to Lady of the Commandery Marquis. The mother and wife of civil scattered officials from Junior Attendant-in-Regular-Session upward and military scattered officials from General of Far-Reaching Merit upward received County Lady—in Chengan year 2, Commandery Lady. The mother and wife of civil scattered officials from Attendant-in-Regular-Session upward and military scattered officials from General of Martial Valor upward received Township Lady—in Chengan year 2, County Lady.
29
皇統五年，以古官曰「牧」、曰「長」，各有總名，今庶官不分類為名，于文移不便。 遂定京府尹牧、留守、知州、縣令、詳穩、群牧為「長官」，同知、簽院、副使、少尹、通判、丞曰「佐貳官」，判官、推官、掌書記、主簿、縣尉為「幕職官」，兵馬司及它司軍者曰「軍職官」，警巡、市令、錄事、司候、諸參軍、知律、勘事、勘判為「厘務官」，應管倉庫院務者曰「監當官」監當官出大定制，知事孔目以下行文書者為「吏」。 凡除拜，尚書令、左右丞相以下，品不同者，則帶「守」字。 左右丞則帶「行守」字。 凡台官、禦史、部官、京尹、少尹、守令、丞、簿、尉、錄事、諸卿少至協律、評事、諫官、國子監學官、諸監至丞郎、符寶郎、東宮詹事、率府、僕正副、令丞、王府官，散官高於職事者帶「行」字，職事高於散官一品者帶「守」字、二品者帶「試」字，品同者皆否。 猛安、謀克、翰林待制、修撰、判、推、勘事官、都事、典事、知事、內承奉、押班、通事舍人、通進、編修、勾當、頓舍、部役、廂官、受給管勾、巡河官、直省直院長副、諸檢法、知法、司正、教授、司獄、司候、東宮諭德、贊善、掌寶、典儀以下，王府文學、記事參軍，並帶「充」字。 樞密、宣徽、勸農、諸軍都指揮、統軍、轉運使、招討、提刑、節度、群牧、防禦、客省、引進、四方館、閣門、太醫、教坊、鷹坊、警巡、巡檢、諸司局倉庫務使副，皆帶「充」字及「知某事」。 凡帶「知」、「判」、「簽書」字者，則不帶「行」、「守」、「試」字。 以上所帶字，品同者則否。 自三師、三公、平章政事、元帥以下至監軍、東宮三師、三少、點檢至振肅、承旨、學士、王傅、副統、招討、及前所不載者，皆不帶「行」、「守」、「試」、「知」、「充」字。
In Huangtong year 5 it was observed that ancient offices were called "prefect" or "chief" and each category had a general designation, whereas miscellaneous offices now lacked such categorical names, making official correspondence inconvenient. Designations were therefore fixed as follows: capital prefects, defense commissioners, prefects, county magistrates, xiangwen, and herd commissioners were called "chief officials"; vice commissioners, commissioners with signing authority, deputy commissioners, junior prefects, military-civilian controllers, and assistants were called "secondary officials"; judicial aides, investigating officers, secretaries, registrars, and county assistant magistrates were called "staff officers"; military affairs bureaus and other military commissions were called "military-post officials"; police patrol officers, market commissioners, record clerks, gate inspectors, administrative aides, law commissioners, investigating officers, and investigative judges were called "regulatory affairs officials"; those managing granaries, storehouses, and revenue offices were called "supervisory officials"—a term drawn from the Great Ordinances; clerks from chief clerks downward who drafted documents were called "clerical staff." In appointments, from the Director of the Secretariat and the Left and Right Chancellors downward, when an official's rank differed from the post, the designation "acting" was added. The Left and Right Vice Chancellors added the designation "provisional acting." For censorate officials, investigating censors, ministry officials, capital prefects, junior prefects, magistrates, assistants, registrars, assistant magistrates, record clerks, assistant ministers of the Nine Ministers through harmonizing pitch officers, evaluating officers, remonstrance officials, Directorate of Education officials, supervisory offices through assistant directors, talisman officials, Eastern Palace officials, rate palaces, chief and deputy stewards, commandery officials, and prince's household officials: when scattered rank exceeded substantive rank, "acting" was added; when substantive rank exceeded scattered rank by one grade, "acting appointment" was added, and by two grades, "provisional"; when ranks matched, no designation was added. Meng'an, mouke, Hanlin Academicians Awaiting Orders, compilers, judges, investigating officers, clerks of the chief office, recorders, inner attendants, duty officers, memorial-herald clerks, memorial transmitters, compilers, duty officers, supply officers, section officers, supply-account clerks, river-patrol officers, bureau chiefs and deputies, law inspectors, law commissioners, court masters, instructors, prison officers, gate inspectors, Eastern Palace instructors and aides, seal custodians, ceremonial officers and below, and prince's household literary instructors and recording aides—all added the designation "commissioned." The Privy Council, Palace Service, Agricultural Promotion, army commanders, army commissioners, transport commissioners, punitive commissioners, judicial commissioners, military commissioners, herd commissioners, defense commissioners, guest-reception commissioners, introduction commissioners, Four Directions Hostel, gatekeepers, Imperial Medical Service, Music Bureau, Falcon Bureau, police patrol and inspection officers, and bureau commissioners and deputies for granaries and revenue offices—all added the designation "commissioned" and "in charge of such-and-such affairs." Officials bearing the designations "in charge of," "adjudicating," or "commissioner with signing authority" did not also bear "acting," "acting appointment," or "provisional." For the designations above, none was added when ranks matched. From the Three Preceptors, Three Dukes, Administrators of Affairs, and Marshals downward through military supervisors, Eastern Palace Three Preceptors and Three Juniors, inspectors through palace attendants, academicians, prince tutors, deputy commanders, punitive commissioners, and offices not listed above—none bore the designations "acting," "acting appointment," "provisional," "in charge of," or "commissioned."
30
主事四員，從七品。 掌知管差除、校勘行止，分掌封勳資考之事，惟選事則通署，及掌受事付事、檢勾稽失省署文牘，兼知本部宿直、檢校架閣。 餘部主事，自受事付事以下，所掌並同此。 皇統四年，六部主事始用漢士人。 大定三年，用進士，非特旨不得擬吏人，如宰執保奏人材，不入常例。 承安五年，增女直主事一員。 令史六十九人，內女直二十九人。 譯史五人，通事二人，與令史同。 泰和八年，令史增十人。
Clerks of the Chief Office, four posts, seventh secondary rank. They managed appointments and verification of conduct records, divided responsibility for enfeoffments, merit, and seniority reviews—with selection affairs jointly signed—and handled incoming and outgoing business, checking ministry documents for errors and omissions, while also overseeing overnight duty in the ministry and archive inspection. Clerks of the chief office in the other ministries shared the same duties from incoming and outgoing business onward. In Huangtong year 4 the six ministries first employed Han scholars as clerks of the chief office. In Dading year 3 jinshi degree holders were appointed; clerical staff could not be nominated except by special decree, though talent recommended by chancellors fell outside the normal procedure. In Chengan year 5 one Jurchen clerk of the chief office was added. There were sixty-nine clerks, including twenty-nine Jurchen. There were five translators and two interpreters, treated the same as clerks. In Taihe year 8 ten clerks were added.
31
架閣庫大定二十一年六月設，仍以主事提控之。 管勾，正八品。 掌吏、兵兩部架閣，兼檢校吏部行止。 以識女直、契丹、漢字人充，如無，擬識女直、漢字人充。 同管勾一員。
The archive storehouse was established in the sixth month of Dading year 21 and remained under the supervision of a clerk of the chief office. Controller, eighth positive rank. He managed the archives of the Personnel and Military ministries and also verified Personnel Ministry conduct records. The post was filled by persons literate in Jurchen, Khitan, and Chinese; if none were available, persons literate in Jurchen and Chinese were nominated. One deputy controller.
32
官誥院。 提舉二員，掌署院事。 以吏部郎中、翰林修撰各一人充。
Office of Commissioned Credentials. Two directors supervised the affairs of the office. One Director of Personnel and one Hanlin Compiler filled these posts.
33
尚書一員，正三品。 侍郎二員，正四品。 泰和八年減一員，大安二年複增。 郎中二員，從五品。 天德二年置五員，泰和省作二員，又作四員，貞祐四年置八員，五年作六員。 員外郎三員，從六品。 郎中而下，皆以一員掌戶籍、物力、婚姻、繼嗣、田宅、財業、鹽鐵、酒麴、香茶、礬錫、丹粉、坑冶、榷場、市易等事，一員掌度支、國用、俸祿、恩賜、錢帛、寶貨、貢賦、租稅、府庫、倉廩、積貯、權衡、度量、法式、給授職田、拘收官物、並照磨計帳等事。 《泰和令》作二員，後增一員，貞祐四年作六員，又作八員，五年作四員。 主事五員，從七品。 女直司二員，通掌戶度金倉等事。 漢人司三員，同員外郎分掌曹事。 泰和八年減一員，貞祐四年作八員，五年六員。 兼提控編附條格、管勾架閣等事。 令史七十二人，內女直十七人。 譯史五人，通事二人。 泰和八年增八人。
One Director, third positive rank. Two Vice Directors, fourth positive rank. In Taihe year 8 one post was cut; in Da'an year 2 it was restored. Two Section Chiefs, fifth secondary rank. In Tiande year 2 five posts were established; under Taihe regulations the number was set at two, then four; in Zhenyou year 4 eight were established; in year 5 the number was set at six. Three Assistant Section Chiefs, sixth secondary rank. Below the section chiefs, one post managed household registers, property assessments, marriage, inheritance, fields and dwellings, wealth and property, salt, iron, wine, yeast, fragrant tea, alum, tin, cinnabar powder, mines, government markets, and market exchange; another managed expenditures, state finances, salaries, favors, money and silk, precious goods, tribute, taxes, treasuries, granaries, reserves, weights and measures, legal standards, assignment of official fields, confiscation of government property, and audit accounts. Taihe Statutes set the number at two; later one was added; in Zhenyou year 4 six were established; then eight; in year 5 the number was set at four. Five Clerks of the Chief Office, seventh secondary rank. Two Jurchen bureau officers jointly managed household registers, revenue, treasury, and granary affairs. Three Han bureau officers, like assistant section chiefs, divided bureau affairs among themselves. In Taihe year 8 one post was cut; in Zhenyou year 4 eight were established; in year 5 the number was six. They also supervised compilation of attached regulations and archive management. There were seventy-two clerks, including seventeen Jurchen. There were five translators and two interpreters. In Taihe year 8 eight were added.
34
架閣庫。 管勾一員，正八品。 掌戶、禮兩部架閣。 大安三年以主事各兼之。 同管勾，從八品。 檢法，從八品。 勾當官五員，正八品。 貞元二年，設幹辦官十員，從七品。 三年，置四員，尋罷之。 四年，更設為勾當官，專提控支納、管勾勘覆、經歷交鈔及香、茶、鹽引、照磨文帳等事。 承安二年作四員，貞祐四年作十五員，五年作十員，興定元年五員，二年複作十員。
Archive Storehouse. One controller, eighth positive rank. He managed the archives of the Household and Rites ministries. In Da'an year 3 each post was concurrently held by a clerk of the chief office. Deputy controller, eighth secondary rank. Legal inspector, eighth secondary rank. Five duty officers, eighth positive rank. In Zhenyuan year 2 ten managing officers were established, seventh secondary rank. In year 3 four posts were established and soon abolished. In year 4 they were re-established as duty officers, exclusively supervising disbursement, audit review, note exchange, and accounts for fragrant tea, salt certificates, and related audits. In Chengan year 2 the number was set at four; in Zhenyou year 4 at fifteen; in year 5 at ten; in Xingding year 1 at five; in year 2 restored to ten.
35
尚書一員，正三品。 侍郎一員，正四品。 郎中一員，從五品。 員外郎一員，從六品。 掌凡禮樂、祭祀、燕享、學校、貢舉、儀式、制度、符印、表疏、圖書、冊命、祥瑞、天文、漏刻、國忌、廟諱、醫卜、釋道、四方使客、諸國進貢、犒勞張設之事。 凡試僧、尼、道、女冠，三年一次，限度八十人，差京府幕職或節鎮防禦佐貳官二員、僧官二人、道官一人、司吏一名、從人各一人、廚子二人、把門官一名、雜役三人。 僧童能讀《法華》、《心地觀》、《金光明》、《報恩》、《華嚴》等經共五部，計八帙。 《華嚴經》分為四帙，每帙取二卷，卷舉四題，讀百字為限。 尼童試經半部，與僧童同。 道士、女冠童行念《道德》、《救苦》、《玉京山》、《消災》、《靈寶度人》等經。 皆以誦成句、依音釋為通。 中選者試官給據，以名報有司。 凡僧尼官見管人及八十、道士女冠及三十人者放度一名，死者令監壇以度牒申部毀之。 主事二員，從七品。 令史十五人，內女直五人。 譯史二人，通事一人。
One Director, third positive rank. One Vice Director, fourth positive rank. One Section Chief, fifth secondary rank. One Assistant Section Chief, sixth secondary rank. He managed rites and music, sacrifices, banquets, schools, examinations, ceremonial forms, regulations, seals, memorials and reports, books, investiture commissions, auspicious omens, astronomy, water clocks, national mourning days, taboo names of temples, medicine and divination, Buddhism and Daoism, envoys from the four directions, tribute from the various states, and rewards and provisioning. Examinations for monks, nuns, Daoist priests, and female Daoists were held once every three years, with a quota of eighty candidates. Two capital or prefectural staff officers or circuit defense secondary officials were dispatched, along with two Buddhist officials, one Daoist official, one clerk, one attendant each, two cooks, one gatekeeper, and three miscellaneous laborers. Monk novices had to read the 《Lotus Sutra》, 《Mind Ground Contemplation》, 《Golden Light》, 《Repaying Kindness》, 《Avatamsaka》, and other scriptures—five texts in all, totaling eight fascicles. The 《Avatamsaka Sutra》 was divided into four fascicles; from each fascicle two scrolls were selected, four questions were set per scroll, and candidates were limited to one hundred characters of recitation. Nun novices were examined on half the scriptures, the same as monk novices. Daoist priests and female Daoist novices recited the 《Laozi》, 《Salvation from Suffering》, 《Jade Capital Mountain》, 《Disaster Dispelling》, 《Lingbao Salvation of Humanity》, and other scriptures. In every case, candidates passed only by chanting complete sentences and interpreting them according to pronunciation. Those who passed received certificates from the examiners, and their names were reported to the responsible authorities. For every eighty persons under a Buddhist monk or nun official's jurisdiction, or every thirty Daoist priests and female Daoists, one ordination could be granted; when someone died, the altar supervisor submitted the ordination certificate to the ministry for destruction. Two Clerks of the Chief Office, seventh secondary rank. There were fifteen clerks, including five Jurchen. There were two translators and one interpreter.
36
左三部檢法司。 司正二員，正八品。 掌披詳法狀。 興定二年，右部額外設檢，知法及掌法，四年罷。 檢法二十二員，從八品。 掌檢斷各司取法文字。 右三部檢法職事同。 元受劄付，大定三年命給敕。
Left Three Ministries Legal Inspection Bureau. Two Court Masters, eighth positive rank. They managed review and detailed examination of legal petitions. In Xingding year 2 the Right Ministries additionally established inspection posts for law commissioners and law directors; in year 4 they were abolished. Twenty-two Legal Inspectors, eighth secondary rank. They managed inspection and adjudication of legal citations in each bureau. The duties of the Right Three Ministries Legal Inspection Bureau were the same. Originally they received written commissions; in Dading year 3 edicts were ordered to be issued.
37
尚書一員，正三品。 侍郎一員，正四品。 郎中一員，從五品。 員外郎二員，從六品。 掌兵籍、軍器、城隍、鎮戍、廄牧、鋪驛、車輅、儀杖、郡邑圖志、險阻、障塞、遠方歸化之事。 凡給馬者，從一品以上，從八人，馬十疋，食錢三貫十四文。 從二品以上，從五人，馬七匹、食錢二貫九十八文。 從三品以上，從三人，馬五匹，錢一貫五百十一文。 從五品以上，從二人，馬四匹，錢九百六十八文。 從七品以上，從一人，馬三匹，錢六百十七文。 從九品以上，從一人，馬二匹，錢四百六十四文。 無從人，減七十八文。 御前差無官者，視從五品。 省差若有官者，人支錢四百五十一文，有從人加六十八文。 走馬人支錢百五十七文。 赦書日行五百里。 此《天興近鑒》所載之制也。 泰和六年置遞鋪，其制，該軍馬路十裏一鋪，鋪設四人，內鋪頭一人，鋪兵三人，以所轄軍射糧軍內差充，腰鈴日行三百里。 凡元帥府、六部文移，以敕遞、省遞牌子，入鋪轉送。 主事二員，從七品。 貞祐五年以承發司管勾兼漢人主事。 令史二十七人，內女直十二人。 譯史三人，通事二人。
One Director, third positive rank. One Vice Director, fourth positive rank. One Section Chief, fifth secondary rank. Two Assistant Section Chiefs, sixth secondary rank. He managed military registers, weapons, city walls and moats, garrison defense, stud farms, relay stations, carriages and chariots, ceremonial regalia, commandery and county maps and gazetteers, strategic terrain, barrier fortresses, and the submission of distant peoples. For officials granted horses, from the first secondary rank upward: eight attendants, ten horses, and three strings fourteen cash for provisions. From the second secondary rank upward: five attendants, seven horses, and two strings ninety-eight cash for provisions. From the third secondary rank upward: three attendants, five horses, and one string five hundred eleven cash. From the fifth secondary rank upward: two attendants, four horses, and nine hundred sixty-eight cash. From the seventh secondary rank upward: one attendant, three horses, and six hundred seventeen cash. From the ninth secondary rank upward: one attendant, two horses, and four hundred sixty-four cash. Without attendants, seventy-eight cash was deducted. Those dispatched before the throne without office rank were treated as fifth secondary rank. For provincial dispatch, if the person held office rank, each person received four hundred fifty-one cash; with an attendant, sixty-eight cash was added. Relay couriers received one hundred fifty-seven cash. Amnesty edicts traveled five hundred li per day. This regulation is recorded in the 《Tianxing Near Mirror》. In Taihe year 6 relay stations were established; on military horse routes one station was placed every ten li, each staffed with four persons—one station chief and three relay soldiers—drawn from the subordinate army's archery and grain troops, with waist-bell couriers covering three hundred li per day. All documents from the Marshal's Command and the six ministries were relayed through the stations on imperial-dispatch and provincial-dispatch plaques. Two Clerks of the Chief Office, seventh secondary rank. In Zhenyou year 5 the dispatch issuance office controller concurrently held the Han clerk of the chief office. There were twenty-seven clerks, including twelve Jurchen. There were three translators and two interpreters.
38
尚書一員，正三品。 侍郎一員，正四品。 郎中一員，從五品。 員外郎二員，從六品。 一員掌律令格式、審定刑名、關津譏察、赦詔勘鞫、追征給沒等事； 一員掌監戶、官戶、配隸、訴良賤、城門啟閉、官吏改正、功賞捕亡等事。 主事二員，從七品。 令史五十一人，內女直二十二人，譯史五人，通事二人。 架閣庫。 管勾一員，正八品。 掌刑、工兩部架閣。 大安二年以主事各兼。 同管勾一員，從八品。
One Director, third positive rank. One Vice Director, fourth positive rank. One Section Chief, fifth secondary rank. Two Assistant Section Chiefs, sixth secondary rank. One post managed statutes, ordinances, formats, and precedents, verification of criminal nomenclature, pass and ferry inspection, amnesty edicts and inquest review, pursuit, collection, and confiscation, and the like; The other managed supervised households, official households, assigned servitude, petitions over commoner and base status, opening and closing city gates, correction of officials' records, merit rewards, and capture of fugitives, and the like. Two Clerks of the Chief Office, seventh secondary rank. There were fifty-one clerks, including twenty-two Jurchen, five translators, and two interpreters. Archive Storehouse. One controller, eighth positive rank. He managed the archives of the Justice and Works ministries. In Da'an year 2 each post was concurrently held by a clerk of the chief office. One deputy controller, eighth secondary rank.
39
尚書一員，正三品。 侍郎一員，正四品。 郎中一員，從五品。 掌修造營建法式、諸作工匠、屯田、山林川澤之禁、江河堤岸、道路橋樑之事。 員外郎一員，從六品。 貞祐五年，兼覆實司官。 天德三年，增二員。 主事二員，從七品。 令史十八人，內女直四人。 譯史二人，通事一人。 覆實司。 管勾一員，從七品。 隸戶、工部，掌覆實營造材物、工匠價直等事。 大安元年，隸三司、工部，罷同管勾。 貞祐五年並罷之，以二部主事兼。 興定四年複設，從省擬，不令戶、工部舉。
One Director, third positive rank. One Vice Director, fourth positive rank. One Section Chief, fifth secondary rank. He managed construction standards, artisans of all crafts, military colonies, prohibitions on mountains, forests, rivers, and marshes, river dikes and embankments, and roads and bridges. One Assistant Section Chief, sixth secondary rank. In Zhenyou year 5 the post concurrently served as Verification Bureau official. In Tiande year 3 two posts were added. Two Clerks of the Chief Office, seventh secondary rank. There were eighteen clerks, including four Jurchen. There were two translators and one interpreter. Verification Bureau. One controller, seventh secondary rank. Subordinate to the Household and Works ministries, it managed verification of construction materials, artisans' prices, and the like. In Da'an year 1 it was placed under the Three Offices and Works Ministry, and the deputy controller was abolished. In Zhenyou year 5 both posts were abolished, and clerks of the chief office from the two ministries held them concurrently. It was restored in Xingding year 4, with nominations made by the secretariat rather than by the Household and Works ministries.
40
右三部檢法司。 司正二員，正八品。 檢法，從八品。 二十二員。
Right Three Ministries Legal Inspection Bureau. Two Court Masters, eighth positive rank. Legal Inspector, eighth secondary rank. Twenty-two posts.
41
都元帥府
Marshal's Command.
42
掌征討之事，兵罷則省。 天會二年，伐宋始置。 泰和八年，複改為樞密院。
It managed campaigns; when the army was disbanded, the office was reduced. It was established in Tianhui year 2 when the campaign against Song began. In Taihe year 8 it was again changed to the Bureau of Military Affairs.
43
都元帥一員，從一品。 左副元帥一員，正二品。 右副元帥一員，正二品。 元帥左監軍一員，正三品。 元帥右監軍一員，正三品。 左都監一員，從三品。 右都監一員，從三品。 經歷一員，都事一員，知事一員見興定三年，正七品。 檢法一員，從八品。 元帥府女直令史十二人，承安二年十六人，漢人令史六人，譯史三人，女直譯史一人，承安二年二人。 通事，女直三人，後作六人，承安二年複作三人，漢人二人。
One Grand Marshal, first secondary rank. One Left Vice Marshal, second positive rank. One Right Vice Marshal, second positive rank. One Left Army Supervisor of the Marshal, third positive rank. One Right Army Supervisor of the Marshal, third positive rank. One Left Chief Supervisor, third secondary rank. One Right Chief Supervisor, third secondary rank. One intendant, one clerk of the chief office, and one record clerk—as of Xingding year 3, all at the seventh positive rank. One Legal Inspector, eighth secondary rank. There were twelve Jurchen clerks in the Marshal's Command—in Chengan year 2, sixteen—six Han clerks, three translators, and one Jurchen translator—in Chengan year 2, two. There were interpreters: three Jurchen, later six, in Chengan year 2 restored to three; and two Han.
44
正隆六年，海陵南伐，立三道都統制府及左右領軍大都督，將三十二總管，有神策、神威、神捷、神銳、神毅、神翼、神勇、神果、神略、神鋒、武勝、武定、武威、武安、武捷、武平、武成、武毅、武銳、武揚、武翼、武震、威定、威信、威勝、威捷、威烈、威毅、威震、威略、威果、威勇之號。 泰和六年伐宋，權設平南撫軍上將軍，正三品。 至殄寇果毅都尉，從六品。 凡九階，曰平南撫軍上將軍、平南冠軍大將軍、平南龍驤將軍、平南虎威將軍、平南蕩江將軍、殄寇中郎將、殄寇郎將、殄寇折沖都尉、殄寇果毅都尉，軍還罷。 置令譯史八十人，正三十三人，餘四十七人從本府選擢。 元光間，招義軍，置總領使，從五品。 副使，從六品。 訓練官，從八官。 正大二年，更總領名都尉，升秩為四品。 四年，又升為從三品。 有建威、折沖、振武、蕩寇、果毅、殄寇、虎賁、鷹揚、破虜之名。
In Zhenglong year 6, when Hailing marched south, three route supreme command headquarters and left and right leading-army grand marshals were established, commanding thirty-two commanders-in-chief bearing the titles Divine Strategy, Divine Might, Divine Swiftness, Divine Sharpness, Divine Resolve, Divine Wings, Divine Courage, Divine Achievement, Divine Stratagem, Divine Vanguard, Martial Victory, Martial Stability, Martial Authority, Martial Peace, Martial Swiftness, Martial Pacification, Martial Completion, Martial Resolve, Martial Sharpness, Martial Flourish, Martial Wings, Martial Thunder, Majestic Stability, Majestic Trust, Majestic Victory, Majestic Swiftness, Majestic Fierceness, Majestic Resolve, Majestic Thunder, Majestic Stratagem, Majestic Achievement, and Majestic Courage. During the Taihe year 6 campaign against Song, the provisional post of Pacifying-South Pacifying-Armies General-in-Chief was established at the third positive rank. Down to Exterminating-Bandits Guoyi Captain, sixth secondary rank. There were nine grades in all: Pacifying-South Pacifying-Armies General-in-Chief, Pacifying-South Champion Grand General, Pacifying-South Dragon-Courage General, Pacifying-South Tiger-Awe General, Pacifying-South River-Sweeping General, Exterminating-Bandits Middle Commander, Exterminating-Bandits Commander, Exterminating-Bandits Crossbow-Shock Captain, and Exterminating-Bandits Guoyi Captain; when the army returned, they were abolished. Eighty clerk-translators were established, thirty-three at primary rank, the remaining forty-seven selected and promoted from the marshal's office. During the Yuanguang period righteous armies were recruited and a general commander was established at the fifth secondary rank. Deputy commander, sixth secondary rank. Training officer, eighth secondary rank. In Zhengda year 2 the general commander's title was changed to Commandant and the rank raised to the fourth grade. In year 4 it was raised again to the third secondary rank. The titles included Establishing Might, Crossbow-Shock, Rallying Martial, Bandit-Sweeping, Guoyi, Bandit-Exterminating, Tiger Guard, Eagle Flourish, and Captive-Breaking.
45
樞密院
Bureau of Military Affairs.
46
天輔七年，始置於廣寧府。 天會三年下燕山，初以左企弓為使，後以劉彥宗。 初猶如遼南院之制，後則否。 泰和六年嘗改為元帥府。
It was first established at Guangning Prefecture in Tianfu year 7. When the army descended on Yanshan in Tianhui year 3, Zuo Qigong was first appointed commissioner, and later Liu Yanzong. At first it still followed the Liao Southern Commission system, but later it did not. In Taihe year 6 it was briefly redesignated the Marshal's Command.
47
樞密使一員，從一品。 掌凡武備機密之事。 樞密副使一員，從二品。 泰和四年置二人，後不為例。 簽書樞密院事一員，正三品。 同簽樞密院事一員，正四品。 大定十七年增一員，尋罷。 明昌初，複增一員，尋又省。 三年九月複增一員。 經歷一員，從五品。 興定三年置。 都事一員，正七品。 掌受事付事、檢勾稽失省署文牘、兼知宿直之事。 架閣庫管勾一員，正八品。 知法二員，從八品。 掌檢斷各司取法之事。 餘檢法同。 樞密院令史，女直十二人，漢人六人，三品官子弟四人，吏員轉補二人。 譯史三人，通事三人，回紇譯史一人，曳剌十五人。
One Military Affairs Commissioner, first secondary rank. He managed all matters of military preparedness and confidential affairs. One Vice Military Affairs Commissioner, second secondary rank. In Taihe year 4 two posts were established, but this was not made a permanent precedent. One Secretary of the Bureau of Military Affairs, third positive rank. One Co-signing Secretary of the Bureau of Military Affairs, fourth positive rank. In Dading year 17 one post was added, but it was soon abolished. At the beginning of Mingchang one post was added again, but it was soon abolished. In the ninth month of year 3 one post was added again. One intendant, fifth secondary rank. It was established in Xingding year 3. One clerk of the chief office, seventh positive rank. He managed receiving and assigning cases, checking secretariat documents for errors, and also supervised the night-duty roster. One controller of the archive repository, eighth positive rank. Two legal specialists, eighth secondary rank. They managed review and adjudication of legal citations by the various offices. The remaining legal inspectors were the same. The Bureau of Military Affairs had twelve Jurchen clerks, six Han clerks, four sons of third-grade officials, and two promoted from the clerical staff. There were three translators, three interpreters, one Uighur translator, and fifteen yela couriers.
48
大宗正府
Grand Imperial Clan Court.
49
泰和六年避睿宗諱，改為大睦親府。
In Taihe year 6, to avoid the taboo name of Emperor Ruizong, it was renamed the Great Kinship Harmony Court.
50
判大宗正事一員，從一品。 以皇族中屬親者充，掌敦睦糾率宗屬欽奉王命，泰和六年改為判大睦親事。 同判大宗正事一員，從二品。 泰和六年改為同判大睦親事。 同簽大宗正事一員，正三品。 宗室充。 大定元年置。 泰和六年改同簽大睦親事。 大宗正丞二員，從四品。 一員於宗室中選能幹者充，一員不限親疏，分司上京長貳、兼管治臨潢以東六司屬，泰和六年改為大睦親丞。 知事一員，從七品。 檢法，從八品。 諸宗室將軍，正七品。 上京、東溫忒二處皆有之。 世宗時始命遷官，其戶凡百二十。 明昌二年更名曰司屬，設令、丞。 承安二年以令同隨朝司令，正七品，丞正八品。 中都、上京、紮裏瓜、合古西南、梅堅寨、蒲與、臨潢、泰州、金山等處置，屬大宗正府。
One Director of Grand Imperial Clan Affairs, first secondary rank. The post was filled by close kinsmen of the imperial clan and managed kinship harmony and discipline, leading the clan to obey royal commands obediently; in Taihe year 6 it was renamed Director of Great Kinship Harmony Affairs. One Deputy Director of Grand Imperial Clan Affairs, second secondary rank. In Taihe year 6 it was renamed Deputy Director of Great Kinship Harmony Affairs. One Co-signing Director of Grand Imperial Clan Affairs, third positive rank. Filled by members of the imperial clan. It was established in Dading year 1. In Taihe year 6 it was renamed Co-signing Director of Great Kinship Harmony Affairs. Two assistant directors of the Grand Imperial Clan Court, fourth secondary rank. One post was filled by selecting a capable clansman; the other was open without regard to degree of kinship, sharing duties with the chief and deputy at Shangjing while also governing the six subordinate offices east of Linhuang; in Taihe year 6 the title was changed to Assistant Director of Great Kinship Harmony. One record clerk, seventh secondary rank. Legal Inspector, eighth secondary rank. Generals of the imperial clan, seventh positive rank. Both Shangjing and Dong Wente had them. During Shizong's reign they were first ordered transferred to office; their households totaled one hundred twenty. In Mingchang year 2 the name was changed to Clan Affiliation Office, with a director and assistant director established. In Chengan year 2 the director was treated the same as a court-attending office director at the seventh positive rank, and the assistant director at the eighth positive rank. Offices were established at Zhongdu, Shangjing, Zhali Gua, Hega Southwest, Meijian Stockade, Puyu, Linhuang, Taizhou, Jinshan, and elsewhere, all subordinate to the Grand Imperial Clan Court.
51
御史臺
Censorate.
52
登聞檢院隸焉。 見《士民須知》。 《總格》、《泰和令》皆不載。
The Petition Inspection Office was subordinate to it. See the 《Essentials for Officials and Commoners》. Neither the 《Comprehensive Regulations》 nor the 《Taihe Statutes》 record it.
53
御史大夫，從二品。 舊正三品，大定十二年升。 掌糾察朝儀、彈劾官邪、勘鞫官府公事。 凡內外刑獄所屬理斷不當，有陳訴者付臺治之。 御史中丞，從三品。 貳大夫。 侍御史二員，從五品。 以上官品皆大定十二年遞升。 掌奏事、判臺事。 治書侍御史二員，從六品。 掌同侍御史。 殿中侍御史二員，正七品。 每遇朝對立于龍墀之下，專劾朝者儀矩，凡百僚假告事具奏目進呈。 監察御史十二員，正七品。 掌糾察內外非違、刷磨諸司察帳並監祭禮及出使之事。 參注諸色人，大定二年八員，承安四年十員，承安五年兩司各添十二員。 典事二員，從七品。 架閣庫管勾一員，從八品。 檢法四員，從八品。 獄丞一員，從九品。 御史臺令史，女直十三人，內班內祗六人，終場舉人七人。 漢人十五人，內班內祗七人，終場舉人八人。 譯史四人，內班內祗二人，終場舉人二人。 通事三人。
Censor-in-Chief, second secondary rank. Formerly third positive rank, it was raised in Dading year 12. He managed inspection of court ritual, impeachment of official misconduct, and investigation of government business. Whenever inner or outer criminal cases were judged improperly, petitioners were referred to the Censorate for adjudication. Vice Censor-in-Chief, third secondary rank. Deputy to the Censor-in-Chief. Two Attending Censors, fifth secondary rank. All the above ranks were successively raised in Dading year 12. They managed memorials to the throne and adjudicated Censorate business. Two Attending Censors for Legal Documents, sixth secondary rank. They handled the same duties as Attending Censors. Two Attending Censors of the Hall, seventh positive rank. At each court audience they stood below the dragon terrace and specialized in impeaching breaches of court ritual; all officials' leave petitions and reports were compiled into memorial lists and presented. Twelve Investigating Censors, seventh positive rank. They managed inspection of inner and outer irregularities, auditing the inspection accounts of the various offices, supervising sacrificial rites, and missions abroad. Registered appointees of various categories numbered eight in Dading year 2 and ten in Chengan year 4; in Chengan year 5 twelve posts were added to each of the two bureaus. Two registry clerks, seventh secondary rank. One controller of the archive repository, eighth secondary rank. Four legal inspectors, eighth secondary rank. One prison assistant, ninth secondary rank. The Censorate had thirteen Jurchen clerks, including six inner attendants and seven examination graduates. There were fifteen Han clerks, including seven inner attendants and eight examination graduates. There were four translators, including two inner attendants and two examination graduates. There were three interpreters.
54
宣撫司
Pacification Commission.
55
泰和六年置陝西路宣撫使，節制陝西右監軍、右都監兵馬公事，八年，改陝西宣撫司為安撫司。 山東東西、大名、河北東西、河東南北、遼東、陝西、咸平、隆安、上京、肇州、北京凡十處置司。
In Taihe year 6 the Shaanxi Route Pacification Commissioner was established to control the military affairs of the Shaanxi Right Supervisor and Right Chief Supervisor; in year 8 the Shaanxi Pacification Commission was redesignated a Pacification and Tranquillization Commission. Commissions were established in Eastern and Western Shandong, Daming, Eastern and Western Hebei, Southern and Northern Hedong, Liaodong, Shaanxi, Xianping, Long'an, Shangjing, Zhaozhou, and Beijing—ten offices in all.
56
使，從一品。 副使，正三品。
Commissioner, first secondary rank. Vice commissioner, third positive rank.
57
勸農使司
Office for Promoting Agriculture.
58
泰和八年罷，貞祐間復置。 興定六年罷勸農司，改立司農司。
It was abolished in Taihe year 8 and restored during the Zhenyou period. In Xingding year 6 the Office for Promoting Agriculture was abolished and replaced by the Board of Agriculture.
59
使一員，正三品。 副使一員，正五品。 掌勸課天下力田之事。
One commissioner, third positive rank. One vice commissioner, fifth positive rank. He managed encouraging and supervising field cultivation throughout the realm.
60
司農司
Board of Agriculture.
61
興定六年置，兼採訪公事。
Established in Xingding year 6, it also handled inspection missions.
62
大司農一員，正二品。 卿三員，正四品。 少卿三員，正五品。 知事二員，正七品。 興定六年，陝西並河南三路置行司農司，設官五員。 正大元年，歸德、許州、河南、陝西各置，作三員。 卿一員，正四品。 少卿一員，正五品。 丞一員，正六品。 卿以下迭出巡案，察官吏臧否而升黜之。 使節所過，奸吏屏息，十年之間民政修舉，實賴其力。
One Grand Minister of Agriculture, second positive rank. Three ministers, fourth positive rank. Three vice ministers, fifth positive rank. Two record clerks, seventh positive rank. In Xingding year 6 traveling boards of agriculture were established in Shaanxi and the three Henan routes, with five officials appointed. In Zhengda year 1 offices were established at Guide, Xuzhou, Henan, and Shaanxi, each with three officials. One minister, fourth positive rank. One vice minister, fifth positive rank. One assistant director, sixth positive rank. Below the minister, officials rotated on inspection tours, examining officials' merit and demerit and promoting or demoting them accordingly. Wherever the commissioners passed, corrupt officials fell silent; within ten years civil administration was well ordered, and this was truly due to their efforts.
63
泰和八年，省戶部官員置三司，謂兼勸農、鹽鐵、度支、戶部三科也。 貞祐罷之。
In Taihe year 8 Household Ministry staff were reduced to establish the Three Offices—the combined divisions of agriculture promotion, salt and iron, revenue, and household affairs. It was abolished in the Zhenyou period.
64
使一員，從二品。 副使一員，正三品。 簽三司事一員，正四品。 同簽三司事一員，正五品。 掌勸農、鹽鐵、度支。 判官三員，從六品。 本參幹官，大安元年更參議。 規措審計官三員，正七品。 掌同參幹官。 知事二員，正七品。 以識女直、漢字人充。 勾當官二員，正八品。 大安元年置三員，照磨吏員七人。 管勾架閣庫一員，正八品。 三司令史五十人，內女直十人，漢人四十人。 大安元年增八人。 譯史二人，大安元年增一人。 通事二人。 知法三員，從八品。 女直知法一員，大安元年增二員。
One commissioner, second secondary rank. One vice commissioner, third positive rank. One signing secretary of Three Offices affairs, fourth positive rank. One co-signing secretary of Three Offices affairs, fifth positive rank. He managed agriculture promotion, salt and iron, and revenue. Three judges, sixth secondary rank. Originally advisory clerks; in Da'an year 1 they were renamed advisers. Three planning and audit officers, seventh positive rank. They handled the same duties as the advisory clerks. Two record clerks, seventh positive rank. The posts were filled by persons literate in Jurchen and Han script. Two duty officers, eighth positive rank. In Da'an year 1 three posts were established, with seven audit clerks. One controller of the archive repository, eighth positive rank. There were fifty Three Offices clerks, including ten Jurchen and forty Han. In Da'an year 1 eight were added. There were two translators; in Da'an year 1 one was added. There were two interpreters. Three law commissioners, eighth secondary rank. There was one Jurchen law commissioner; in Da'an year 1 two were added.
65
國史院
History Office.
66
先嘗以諫官兼其職，明昌元年詔諫官不得兼，恐於其奏章私溢已美故也。 監修國史，掌監修國史事。 修國史，掌修國史，判院事。
Remonstrance officials had once held the post concurrently, but in Mingchang year 1 an edict forbade such dual appointments, fearing that in their memorials they might privately inflate their own merit. Director of National History Compilation, who managed compilation of the national history. National History Compiler, who managed compilation of the national history and presided over academy business.
67
同修國史二員。 女直人、漢人各一員。 承安四年更擬女直一員，罷契丹同修國史。
Two co-compilers of national history. One Jurchen and one Han each. In Chengan year 4 one Jurchen post was re-designated and the Khitan co-compiler of national history was abolished.
68
編修官，正八品。 女直、漢人各四員。 明昌二年罷契丹編修三員，添女直一員。 大定十八年用書寫出職人。 檢閱官，從九品。 書寫，女直、漢人各五人。 修《遼史》刊修官一員，編修官三員。
Compilation officers, eighth positive rank. Four Jurchen and four Han each. In Mingchang year 2 three Khitan compilation officers were abolished and one Jurchen post was added. In Dading year 18 the posts were filled by persons promoted from scribes. Proofreading officers, ninth secondary rank. There were scribes—five Jurchen and five Han each. For compiling the History of Liao there was one collation officer and three compilation officers.
69
翰林學士院
Hanlin Imperial Academy.
70
天德二年，命翰林學士院自侍讀學士至應奉文字，通設漢人十員，女直、契丹各七員。
In Tiande year 2 the Hanlin Imperial Academy was ordered to establish, from Attending Reader Academicians through Hanlin literary attendants, ten Han posts in all and seven each for Jurchen and Khitan.
71
翰林學士承旨，正三品。 掌制撰詞命。 凡應奉文字，銜內帶「知制誥」。 直學士以上同。 貞祐三年升從二品。 翰林學士，正三品。 翰林侍讀學士，從三品。 翰林侍講學士，從三品。 翰林直學士，從四品。 不限員。 翰林待制，正五品。 不限員，分掌詞命文字，分判院事，銜內不帶「知制誥」。 翰林修撰，從六品。 不限員，掌與待制同。 應奉翰林文字，從七品。
Hanlin Academician Expositor, third positive rank. He managed drafting edicts and commands. All Hanlin literary attendants bore the designation "Drafting Proclamations" in their titles. The same applied to Direct Academicians and above. In Zhenyou year 3 the rank was raised to second secondary. Hanlin Academician, third positive rank. Hanlin Attending Reader Academician, third secondary rank. Hanlin Attending Lecturer Academician, third secondary rank. Hanlin Direct Academician, fourth secondary rank. There was no fixed quota. Hanlin Academician Awaiting Orders, fifth positive rank. There was no fixed quota; they divided responsibility for edicts and commands and shared adjudication of academy business, and their titles did not include "Drafting Proclamations." Hanlin Compiler, sixth secondary rank. There was no fixed quota; their duties matched those of Academicians Awaiting Orders. Hanlin Literary Attendant, seventh secondary rank.
72
審官院
Bureau of Personnel Evaluation.
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承安四年設，大安二年罷之，若注擬失當，上令禦史台官論列。
It was established in Chengan year 4 and abolished in Da'an year 2; when nominations were improper, the emperor ordered Censorate officials to impeach the responsible parties.
74
知院一員，從三品。 掌奏駁除授失當事。 隨朝六品、外路五品以上官除授，並送本院審之。 補闕、拾遺、監察雖七品，亦送本院。 或御批亦送稟，惟部除不送。 同知審官院事一員，從四品。 掌書四人。 女直、漢人各二人，以禦史台終場舉人辟充。
One director of the academy, third secondary rank. He managed memorials rejecting improper appointments. Appointments of sixth-rank court officials and fifth-rank outer-circuit officials and above were all sent to the bureau for review. Supplementation Officers, Omission Collectors, and Investigating Censors, though only seventh rank, were also sent to the bureau. Imperial rescripts were also sent for review; only ministerial appointments were exempt. One vice director of Bureau of Personnel Evaluation affairs, fourth secondary rank. There were four academy scribes. Two Jurchen and two Han each were recruited from among Censorate examination graduates.
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太常寺
Court of Imperial Sacrifices.
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皇統三年正月始置。 太廟、廩犧、郊社、諸陵、大樂等署隸焉。
It was first established in the first month of Huangtong year 3. The Imperial Ancestral Temple, Sacrificial Victims, Suburban and Altar of Soil and Grain, various imperial tombs, Grand Music, and other offices were subordinate to it.
77
卿一員，從三品。 少卿一員，正五品。 丞一員，正六品。 掌禮樂、郊廟、社稷、祠祀之事。 博士二員，正七品。 掌檢討典禮。 檢閱官一員，從九品。 掌同博士。 泰和元年置，四年罷。 檢討二員，從九品。 明昌元年置，以品官子孫及終場舉人，同國史院漢人書寫例，試補。 太祝，從八品。 掌奉祀神主。 奉禮郎，從八品。 掌設版位，執儀行事。 協律郎，從八品。 掌以麾節樂，調和律呂，監視音調。
One director, third secondary rank. One vice director, fifth positive rank. One assistant director, sixth positive rank. He managed ritual music, suburban and temple rites, altars of soil and grain, and sacrifices. Two erudites, seventh positive rank. They managed collation of ritual regulations. One proofreading officer, ninth secondary rank. He handled the same duties as the erudites. Established in Taihe year 1, it was abolished in year 4. Two collation officers, ninth secondary rank. Established in Mingchang year 1, the posts were filled by trial appointment of sons of ranked officials and examination graduates, following the History Office precedent for Han scribes. Grand Sacrificer, eighth secondary rank. He managed presentation of spirit tablets in sacrifice. Ceremonial Attendant, eighth secondary rank. He managed setting out ritual positions and performing ceremonial duties. Harmony Officer, eighth secondary rank. He managed conducting music with baton and banner, harmonizing pitch pipes, and supervising tonal accuracy.
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太廟署。 皇統八年太廟成，設署，置令丞，仍兼提舉慶元、明德、永祚三宮。 令一員，從六品。 掌太廟、衍慶、坤寧宮殿神御諸物，及提控諸門關鍵，掃除、守衛，兼廩犧令事。 丞一員，從七品。 兼廩犧署丞。 直長，明昌三年罷。
Imperial Ancestral Temple Office. When the Imperial Ancestral Temple was completed in Huangtong year 8, an office was established with a director and assistant director, who also concurrently supervised the Qingyuan, Mingde, and Yongzuo palaces. One director, sixth secondary rank. He managed the spirit regalia of the Imperial Ancestral Temple and the Yanqing and Kunning palace halls, supervised gate locks, sweeping, and guarding, and concurrently served as director of the Sacrificial Victims Office. One assistant director, seventh secondary rank. He concurrently served as assistant director of the Sacrificial Victims Office. The Direct Attendant post was abolished in Mingchang year 3.
79
廩犧署。 令、丞，以太廟令、丞兼，掌薦犧牲及養飼等事。
Sacrificial Victims Office. The director and assistant director were held concurrently by the Imperial Ancestral Temple director and assistant and managed recommending sacrificial victims and their rearing.
80
郊社署。 承安三年設祝史、齋郎百六十人，作班祗儤使，周年一替。 大安元年，奏兼武成王廟署。 令一員，從六品。 丞一員，從七品。 掌社稷、祠祀、祈禱並査舍祭器等物。 直長，明昌三年廢。
Suburban and Altar of Soil and Grain Office. In Chengan year 3 one hundred sixty sacrificial clerks and fasting attendants were established as shift-duty attendants, rotating annually. In Da'an year 1 it was reported that the office would also supervise the Martial Completion King Temple Office. One director, sixth secondary rank. One assistant director, seventh secondary rank. He managed altars of soil and grain, sacrifices, prayers, and inspection of stored sacrificial vessels. The Direct Attendant post was abolished in Mingchang year 3.
81
武成王廟署。 大安元年置。 令，從六品。 丞，從七品。 掌春秋祀享，以郊社令、丞兼。
Martial Completion King Temple Office. It was established in Da'an year 1. Director—sixth secondary rank. Assistant Director—seventh secondary rank. He oversaw spring and autumn sacrifices; the suburban sacrifice director and assistant held the post concurrently.
82
諸陵署。 大安四年同隨朝。 提點山陵，正五品。 涿州刺史兼。 令，從六品。 丞一員，從七品。 掌守山陵。 直長，正八品。
Various Imperial Tomb Offices. In Da'an year 4 they were attached to follow the mobile court. Overseer of Imperial Tombs—fifth positive rank. Held concurrently by the prefect of Zhuo. Director—sixth secondary rank. Assistant Director—one post, seventh secondary rank. He guarded the imperial tombs. Duty Chief—eighth positive rank.
83
園陵署。 令，宛平縣丞兼。 貞祐二年以園陵遷大興縣境，遂以大興縣令、丞兼。
Garden Tomb Office. Director—held concurrently by the assistant magistrate of Wanping County. In Zhenyou year 2 the garden tombs were relocated within Daxing County, so the county magistrate and assistant magistrate of Daxing held the post concurrently.
84
大樂署。 兼鼓吹署。 樂工百人。 令一員，從六品。 丞，從七品。 掌調和律呂，教習音聲並施用之法。 樂工部籍直長一員，正八品。 大樂正，從九品。 掌祠祀及行禮陳設樂縣。 大樂副正，從九品。
Grand Music Office. It also incorporated the Office of Acclamation and Processional Music. There were one hundred musicians. Director—one post, sixth secondary rank. Assistant Director—seventh secondary rank. He harmonized the pitch pipes, taught performance, and the rules for applying music in ritual. Duty Chief for the Musicians' Register—one post, eighth positive rank. Chief of Grand Music—ninth secondary rank. He managed sacrifices and the deployment of suspended chime sets during ritual. Associate Chief of Grand Music—ninth secondary rank.
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右屬太常寺。
All of the above fell under the Court of Imperial Sacrifices.