1
列傳第八○撒改子:宗憲 (本名阿懶) 習不失孫:宗亨 (本名撻不也) 宗賢 (本名賽里) 石土門弟:忠 (本名迪古乃) 子:習室思敬 (本名撒改)
Biography 8. Sa Gai: son Zongxian (originally named Alan) Grandson of Xi Bushi: Zong Heng (originally named Tabuye) Zong Xian (originally named Saili) Younger brother of Shi Tumen: Zhong (originally named Digunai) Sons: Xishi and Sijing (originally named Sa Gai)
2
撒改者，景祖孫，韓國公劾者之長子，世祖之兄子也。 劾者於次最長。 景祖方計定諸部，愛世祖膽勇材略。 及諸子長，國俗當異宮居，而命劾者與世祖同邸，劾者專治家務，世祖主外事。 世祖襲節度使，越劾孫而傳肅宗、穆宗，皆景祖志也。 穆宗初襲位，念劾者長兄不得立，遂命撒改為國相。
Sa Gai was a grandson of Emperor Jingzu, the eldest son of Duke of Han State Heliezhe, and Shizu's nephew through his elder brother. Heliezhe was the eldest among his brothers by birth order. While Jingzu was still consolidating the tribes, he admired Shizu's courage, valor, and strategic ability. When the sons came of age, custom required separate households, yet Jingzu ordered Heliezhe to live with Shizu under one roof: Heliezhe managed domestic affairs while Shizu handled external matters. Shizu inherited the military commissioner post, passing over Heliezhe's line to enthrone Suzong and Muzong—all in keeping with Jingzu's design. When Muzong first took the throne, mindful that Heliezhe the elder brother had never been enthroned, he appointed Sa Gai chancellor of state.
3
穆宗履藉父兄址業，鋤除強梗不服己者，使撒改取馬紀嶺道攻阿疏，穆宗自將，期阿疏城下會軍。 撒改行次阿不塞水，烏延部斜勒勃堇來謁，謂撒改曰：「聞國相將與太師會軍阿疏城下，此為深入必取之策，宜先撫定潺蠢、星顯之路，落其黨附，奪其民人，然後合軍未晚也。」 撒改從之，攻鈍恩城，請濟師，穆宗與之，撒改遂攻下鈍恩城，而與穆宗來會阿疏城下。 鈍恩在南，阿疏在北，穆宗初遣撒改分道，即會攻阿疏。 聞其用斜勒計，先取鈍恩城，與初議不合，頗不然之。 及遼使來止勿攻阿疏，然後深以先取鈍恩城為功也。 及以國相都統討留可、詐都、塢塔等軍，而阿疏亡入於遼，終不敢歸，留可、詐都、塢塔、鈍恩皆降。
Muzong built on the foundations his father and elder brothers had laid, rooting out powerful rivals who would not submit, and sent Sa Gai along the Maqiling route against Ashu while he led troops in person, planning to unite their forces beneath Ashu's walls. As Sa Gai marched to the Abusai River, Xiele, a boliezhen of the Wuyan tribe, came to pay his respects and said to Sa Gai: "I hear the chancellor is to join the Grand Tutor beneath Ashu's walls. That is a strategy of deep penetration meant to take the city for certain. You should first secure the routes through Chanchun and Xingxian, break up their allies, and win over their people—only then unite your armies, and it will not be too late." Sa Gai followed this advice, attacked Dun'en, and requested reinforcements; Muzong sent them, Sa Gai captured Dun'en, and then joined Muzong beneath Ashu's walls. Dun'en lay to the south and Ashu to the north. Muzong had originally sent Sa Gai on a separate route but still meant to join him in the assault on Ashu. When he learned they had followed Xiele's counsel and taken Dun'en first, he felt this did not match the original plan and was quite displeased. When Liao envoys arrived forbidding an attack on Ashu, he then came to regard the prior capture of Dun'en as a genuine achievement. Later, serving as both chancellor and supreme commander, he campaigned against the forces of Liuke, Zhadu, Wuta, and others; Ashu fled into Liao and never dared return, while Liuke, Zhadu, Wuta, and Dun'en all submitted.
4
康宗沒，太祖稱都勃極烈，與撒改分治諸部，匹脫水以北太祖統之，來流水人民撒改統之。 明年甲午，嗣節度命方至。
After Emperor Kang's death, Taizu styled himself chief bulie of all clans and divided rule of the tribes with Sa Gai: Taizu governed north of the Pitui River, while Sa Gai held authority over the people along the Lailiu River. The following year, in the jiawu cycle, the commission confirming succession to the military commissioner post finally arrived.
5
遼主荒于遊畋，政事怠廢，太祖知遼可伐，遂起兵。 九月，與遼人戰於界上，獲謝十，太祖使告克於撒改，則以所獲謝十乘馬，撒改及將士皆歡呼曰：「義兵始至遼界，一戰面是勝，滅遼必自此始矣。」 遣子宗翰及完顏希尹來賀捷，因勸進，太祖未之從也。 十月，師克甯江州，破遼師十萬於鴨子河，師還。 十二月，太宗及撒改、辭不失率諸將複勸進。 收國元年正月朔，太祖即位，撒改行國相如故。 伐遼之計決于迪古乃，贊成大計實自撒改啟之。 撒改自以宗室近屬，且長房，繼肅宗為國相，既貴且重，故身任大計，贊成如此，諸人莫之或先也。
The Liao emperor neglected government for the hunt, and administration fell into neglect; Taizu knew Liao could be attacked and raised his army. In the ninth month he fought the Liao at the border and took ten captives; Taizu sent word of the victory to Sa Gai, who had the captives mounted on horseback, and Sa Gai with his officers shouted: "Our righteous army has only just reached the Liao frontier, yet already wins its first battle in the field; the fall of Liao will surely begin from this day." He sent his son Zonghan and Wanyan Xiyin to congratulate the victory and urge him to take the throne, but Taizu did not yet agree. In the tenth month the army captured Ningjiang prefecture and routed a hundred thousand Liao troops at the Yazi River, then withdrew. In the twelfth month the Taizong, Sa Gai, Cibushi, and the generals again urged him to take the throne. On New Year's Day of the first year of Shouguo, Taizu ascended the throne; Sa Gai continued to serve as chancellor of state as before. The plan to attack Liao was settled by Digunai, but it was Sa Gai who first opened the way to the great design. Sa Gai saw himself as close imperial kin and head of the senior line, having succeeded Suzong as chancellor—a post both exalted and weighty—so he took the great design upon himself and championed it thus, and none had gone before him.
6
撒改為人，敦厚多智，長於用人，家居純儉，好稼穡。 自始為國相，能馴服諸部，訟獄得其情，當時有言：「不見國相，事何從決。」 及舉兵伐遼，撒改每以宗臣為內外倚重，不以戰多為其功也。 天會十五年，追封燕國王。 正隆降封陳國公。 大定三年，改贈金源郡王，配饗太祖廟廷，諡忠毅。 十五年，詔圖像于衍慶宮。 子宗翰、宗憲。 宗翰別有傳。
Sa Gai was a man of generous good faith and keen judgment, skilled at putting people to use; at home he lived simply and frugally and loved the cultivation of the fields. From the time he first became chancellor he could bring the tribes to heel, and lawsuits were decided with a true grasp of the facts; people said at the time: "Without seeing the chancellor, how can anything be settled?" When the army marched against Liao, Sa Gai was always leaned on as a clan elder at court and in the field, and he did not reckon his merit by how many battles he won. In the fifteenth year of Tianhui he was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Yan. Under Zhenglong his title was reduced to Duke of Chen. In the third year of Dading he was re-enfeoffed as Prince of Jinyuan commandery, granted a place in sacrifices at Taizu's temple, and given the posthumous title Loyal and Resolute. In the fifteenth year an edict ordered his portrait placed in the Yanging Palace. His sons were Zonghan and Zongxian. Zonghan is treated in a separate biography.
7
子宗憲
Son: Zongxian
8
宗憲本名阿懶。 頒行女直字書，年十六，選入學。 太宗幸學，宗憲與諸生俱謁，宗憲進止恂雅，太宗召至前，令誦所習，語音清亮，善應對。 侍臣奏曰：「此左副元帥宗翰弟也。」 上嗟賞久之。 兼通契丹、漢字。 未冠，後宗翰伐宋，汴京破，眾人爭府庫取財物，宗憲獨載圖書以歸。 朝廷議制度禮樂，往往因仍遼舊，宗憲曰：「方今奄有遼、宋，當遠引前古，因時制宜，成一代之法，何乃近取遼人制度哉。」 希尹曰：「而意甚與我合。」 由是器重之。
Zongxian was originally named Alan. When the Jurchen script was promulgated, at sixteen he was chosen to enter the imperial academy. When the Taizong visited the academy, Zongxian paid his respects along with the other students; his bearing was respectful and refined. The Taizong summoned him forward and had him recite his lessons; his voice rang clear and bright, and he answered with ease. An attendant reported: "This is the younger brother of Left Vice Marshal Zonghan." The emperor sighed in admiration for a long while. He was also versed in Khitan and Chinese writing. Before he had come of age, when Zonghan later marched against Song and Bianjing fell, everyone scrambled for goods from the treasuries; Zongxian alone loaded books and carried them home. When the court debated institutions and ritual music, it often simply followed Liao precedent; Zongxian said: "We now hold both Liao and Song; we should reach far back into antiquity and shape laws to fit the times, forging institutions for a new age—why take Liao's institutions as our nearest model?" Xiyin said: "Your thinking agrees very closely with mine." From this he came to be greatly valued.
9
撻懶、宗雋唱議以齊地與宋，宗憲廷爭折之，當時不用其言，其後宗弼複取河南、陝西地，如宗憲策。 以捕宗磐、宗雋功。 授昭武大將軍」修國史，累官尚書左丞。 熙宗從容謂之曰：「響以河南、陝西地與宋人，卿以為不當與，今複取之，是猶用卿言也。 卿識慮深遠，自今以往，其盡言無隱。」 宗憲拜謝，遂攝門下侍郎。
Tayan and Zongjun urged ceding Qi territory to the Song; Zongxian argued them down in open court debate, though at the time his counsel was not followed; later Zongbi retook Henan and Shaanxi, just as Zongxian had proposed. For his merit in capturing Zongpan and Zongjun. He was appointed General of Manifest Martiality and charged with revising the state history, rising through the ranks to Left Vice Minister of the Secretariat. Xizong said to him in an easy tone: "I once gave Henan and Shaanxi to the Song—you held that we should not. Now we have retaken them; it is as though we are following your counsel after all. Your judgment runs deep; from this day forward, speak your mind fully and hold nothing back." Zongxian bowed in thanks and was then appointed acting Vice Director of the Secretariat.
10
初，熙宗以疑似殺左丞相希尹，久之，察其無罪，深閔惜之，謂宗憲曰：「希尹有大功于國，無罪而死，朕將錄用其孫，如之何？」 宗憲對曰：「陛下深念希尹，錄用其孫，幸甚。 若不先明死者無罪，生者何由得仕。」 上曰：「卿言是也。」 即日複希尹官爵，用其孫守道為應奉翰林文字。 皇統五年，將肆赦，議覃恩止及女直人，宗憲奏曰：「莫非王臣，慶倖豈可有間邪。」 遂改其文，使均被焉。 轉行台平章政事。 天德初，為中京留守、安武軍節度使。 封河內郡王。 改太原尹，進封钜鹿郡王。 正隆例奪王爵，再遷震武、武定軍節度使。
Earlier, Xizong had put Left Chancellor Xiyin to death on suspicion; after a long interval he found him innocent and deeply regretted it, and said to Zongxian: "Xiyin rendered great service to the state and died without guilt. I wish to employ his grandson—what do you advise?" Zongxian replied: "Your Majesty's deep remembrance of Xiyin and your wish to employ his grandson are most fortunate. But unless you first make clear that the dead man was guiltless, how can the living obtain office?" The emperor said: "You are right." That very day Xiyin's offices and titles were restored, and his grandson Shoudao was appointed a Hanlin academician in attendance at the palace. In the fifth year of Huangtong, as a great amnesty was being prepared, the proposal was that its grace should extend only to Jurchens; Zongxian memorialized: "Who is not the king's subject—how can good fortune be meted out unequally?" The edict was therefore revised so that all alike shared in the benefit. He was transferred to Grand Councillor of the Branch Secretariat. At the beginning of Tiande he served as protective commissioner of Zhongjing and military commissioner of the Anwu Army. He was enfeoffed as Duke of Henei commandery. He was made prefect of Taiyuan and advanced to Duke of Julu commandery. Under the Zhenglong precedent his princely title was stripped; he was transferred again to military commissioner of the Zhenwu and Wuding armies.
11
世宗即位，遣使召之，詔曰：「叔若能來，宜速至此，若為紇石烈志甯、白彥敬所遏，亦不煩叔憂。」 宗憲聞世宗即位，先已棄官來歸，與使者遇于中都，遂見上於小遼口，除中都留守，即遣赴任。 詔與元帥完顏彀英同議軍事。 明年，改西京留守。 八月，改南京。 僕散忠義自行台朝京師，宗憲攝行台尚書省事。 召為太子太師，上謂宗憲曰：「卿年老舊人，更事多矣，皇太子年尚少，謹訓導之。」 俄拜平章政，太子太師如故。 詔以《太祖實錄》賜宗憲及平章政事完顏元宜、左丞紇石烈良弼、判秘書監溫王爽各一本。
When Shizong took the throne he sent envoys to summon him with an edict: "Uncle, if you can come, come to me at once; if Helushilie Zhining and Bai Yanjing should hinder you, Uncle need not trouble himself on that account." Zongxian, on hearing that Shizong had taken the throne, had already left his post and come of his own accord; he met the envoy at Zhongdu, then had audience with the emperor at Xiaoliaokou, was appointed protective commissioner of Zhongdu, and was sent straight to take up the post. An edict directed him to deliberate on military affairs jointly with Marshal Wanyan Guyin. The following year he was transferred to protective commissioner of the Western Capital. In the eighth month he was transferred to the Southern Capital. When Pusan Zhongyi came from the Branch Secretariat to attend at the capital, Zongxian acted in his stead as chief of the Branch Secretariat's affairs. He was summoned to serve as Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent; the emperor told Zongxian: "You are an elder who has seen much of the world; the Crown Prince is still young—train and guide him with care." Soon he was appointed Grand Councillor while retaining his post as Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent. An edict granted one copy each of the Veritable Records of Taizu to Zongxian, Grand Councillor Wanyan Yuanyi, Vice Minister Helushilie Liangbi, and Secretariat overseer Prince Wen Shuang.
12
移刺高山奴前為甯州刺史，以貪污免，世宗以功臣子孫宗族中無顯仕者，以為秘書少監。 是時，母喪未除，有司奏其事，宗憲曰：「高山奴傲狠貪墨，不可致之左右。」 世宗曰：「朕以其父祖有功耳，既為人如此，豈可玷職位哉。」 追還制命，因顧右丞蘇保衡、參政石琚曰：「此朕之過舉，不可不改，卿等當盡心以輔朕也。」 有司言，諸路猛安謀克，怙其世襲多擾民，請同流官，以三十月為考。 詔下尚書省議，宗憲乃上議曰：「昔太祖皇帝撫定天下，誓封功臣襲猛安謀克，今若改為遷調，非太祖約。 臣謂凡猛安謀克，當明核善惡，進賢退不肖，有不職者，其弟侄中更擇賢者代之。」 上從其議。 進拜右丞相。 大定六年，薨，年五十九。 上輟朝，悼惜者久之，命百官致奠，賻銀一千五百兩、重彩五十端、絹五百匹。
Yilahun Gaoshannu had previously served as prefect of Ningzhou and was dismissed for corruption; Shizong, noting that no one of note among the descendants of meritorious clans held a prominent post, appointed him vice director of the Secretariat. At that time he had not yet completed mourning for his mother; when the relevant office reported the matter, Zongxian said: "Gaoshannu is arrogant, cruel, and corrupt—he must not be brought close to Your Majesty." Shizong said: "I did it only because his father and grandfather had rendered service. Since he is such a man, how can he be allowed to disgrace an office?" The appointment was revoked; turning to Vice Minister Su Baoheng and Participant Shi Ju he said: "This was a mistaken appointment on my part and must be corrected. You must devote yourselves wholeheartedly to assisting me." The relevant offices reported that meng'an and mouke commissioners on the circuits, relying on their hereditary posts, often harassed the people, and proposed treating them like regular officials subject to review every thirty months. An edict was sent to the Secretariat for deliberation; Zongxian submitted: "In former days Emperor Taizu pacified the realm and swore to enfeoff his meritorious men with hereditary meng'an and mouke commissions; to change these to transferable appointments would violate Taizu's covenant. I hold that for every meng'an and mouke post the good and the bad should be clearly weighed, the worthy advanced and the unfit dismissed; where one fails in his duties, a worthy man should be chosen from among his younger brothers and nephews to replace him." The emperor accepted his proposal. He was promoted to Right Chancellor. In the sixth year of Dading he died, at the age of fifty-nine. The emperor suspended court and mourned at length; he ordered all officials to offer sacrifices, with funeral gifts of fifteen hundred taels of silver, fifty bolts of heavy silks, and five hundred bolts of silk.
13
習不失
Xi Bushi
14
習不失本作辭不失，後定為習不失，昭祖之孫，烏骨出之次子也。 初，昭祖久無繼嗣，與威順皇后徒單氏禱于巫，而生景祖及烏骨出。 烏骨出長而酗酒，屢悖其母。 昭祖沒，徒單氏與景祖謀而殺之。 部人怒，欲害景祖，徒單氏自以為事，而景祖乃得免。
Xi Bushi was originally written Cibushi and later fixed as Xi Bushi; he was a grandson of Zhaozu and the second son of Wuguchu. In the beginning Zhaozu had long been without heirs; he and Empress Weishun of the Tushi clan prayed through shamans and then bore Jingzu and Wuguchu. Wuguchu grew up a heavy drinker and repeatedly defied his mother. After Zhaozu's death, Lady Tushi conspired with Jingzu and had him killed. The tribesmen were enraged and wished to harm Jingzu; Lady Tushi took the blame upon herself, and Jingzu was thereby spared.
15
習不失健捷，能左右射。 世祖襲節度，肅宗與拒桓赧、散達，戰于斡魯紺出水，已再失利，世祖至軍，吏士無人色。 世祖使習不失先陣於脫豁改原，而身出搏戰，敗其步軍。 習不失自陣後奮擊之，敗其騎軍，所乘馬中九矢，不能馳，遂步趨而出。 方戰，其外兄烏葛名善射，居敵騎中，將射，習不失熟視識之，呼曰：「此小兒，是汝一人之事乎，何為推鋒居前如此。」 以弓弰擊馬首而去。 是役也，習不失之功居多。 桓赧、散達既敗，習不失馬棄陣中者亦自歸。
Xi Bushi was hardy and quick, and could shoot to either hand. When Shizu inherited the military commission, Suzong with him resisted Huan'an and Sanduo at the Waluochun River; after two defeats, when Shizu reached the army the officers and soldiers had lost all color. Shizu had Xi Bushi take position first on the Tuohuogai plain, while he himself sallied forth into the fray and routed their infantry. Xi Bushi charged fiercely from behind the line and routed their cavalry; the horse he rode took nine arrows and could no longer run, so he made his way out on foot. In the midst of battle his cousin by marriage Wuge, a fine archer, stood among the enemy horsemen about to shoot; Xi Bushi looked hard, recognized him, and shouted: "You young fool—is this your fight alone? Why do you push yourself to the fore like this?" He struck the horse's head with the tip of his bow and rode away. In this battle the greater share of the credit belonged to Xi Bushi. After Huan'an and Sanduo were defeated, the horse Xi Bushi had left on the field also came back on its own.
16
子鶻沙虎，國初有功，天會間，為真定留守。
His son Hushahu had rendered service at the founding of the state; during the Tianhui era he served as protective commissioner of Zhending.
17
子撻不也。
His son was Tabuye.
18
孫宗亨
Grandson: Zong Heng
19
宗亨本名撻不也，性忠謹。 天眷初，以宗室子，充護衛。 擒宗磐、宗雋有功，加忠勇校尉，遷昭信校尉、尚廄局直長。 三年，升本局副使。 丁父憂，時宗正官屬，例以材選，宗亨在選中，遂起複，為淑溫特宗室將軍。 改會甯府少尹，曆登州刺史，改獻州刺史，為特滿群牧使、同知北京路轉運使，改澤州定國軍節度使。 海陵庶人南伐，以本職領武揚軍都總管，過淮。
Zong Heng was originally named Tabuye; he was by nature loyal and conscientious. At the beginning of Tianjuan, as a member of the imperial clan he was appointed to the guard corps. For his merit in capturing Zongpan and Zongjun he was promoted to Loyal and Brave Captain, then transferred to Trustworthy Signal Captain and made director of the Imperial Stables Bureau. In the third year he was promoted to deputy director of the bureau. When his father died he entered mourning; at that time the Imperial Clan Court selected its officers by merit, Zong Heng was chosen, recalled from mourning, and appointed Shuwente Imperial Clan General. He became vice prefect of Huining, served successively as prefect of Dengzhou and Xianzhou, was appointed Teman Herd Commissioner and associate transport commissioner of the Northern Capital circuit, and was then made military commissioner of the Dingguo Army at Zezhou. When the deposed Emperor Hailing marched south, Zong Heng in his current post commanded the Wuyang Army as supreme commander and crossed the Huai River.
20
孫宗賢
Grandson: Zong Xian
21
宗賢本名賽里，習不失之孫也。 從都統杲取中京，襲遼帝於鴛鴦濼。 宗翰使撻懶襲耶律馬哥，都統使蒲家奴及賽里等，以兵助之。 蒲家奴使賽里、斜野、裴滿胡撻、達魯古廝列、耶律吳十等各率兵分行招諭，獲遼留守迪越家人輜重，並降群牧官木盧瓦，得馬甚多，使逐水草牧之。 賽里等趨業迭，遂以偏師深入，敵邀擊之，撒合戰沒。 蒲家奴至旺國崖西，賽里兵會之。 累官至左副點檢。
Zong Xian was originally named Saili; he was Xi Bushi's grandson. He followed Supreme Commander Gao in the capture of the Central Capital and joined the raid on the Liao emperor at Yuanyang Marsh. Zonghan sent Tayan to attack Yelü Mage; Supreme Commander Pujianu, together with Saili and others, supported him with troops. Pujianu sent Saili, Xiye, Peiman Hutuo, Dalugu Silie, Yelü Wushi, and others each with a column of troops to win over the population; they seized the family baggage train of Liao protective commissioner Diyue, received the submission of herd commissioner Mulüwa, obtained a great number of horses, and had them pastured wherever grass and water were found. Saili and his party pressed toward Yedie and then led a detached force deep into enemy territory; the enemy intercepted them, and Sahe was killed in battle. Pujianu reached a point west of Wangguo Cliff, where Saili's troops rejoined him. He rose through successive offices to Left Associate Inspector.
22
天眷二年，方捕宗雋，賽里坐會飲其家，奪官爵。 未幾，複官。 皇統四年，授世襲謀克，轉都點檢，封豳國公。 拜平章政事。 進拜右丞相，兼中書令。 進拜太保、左丞相，監修國史。 罷為左副元帥。 無何，複為太保、左丞相，左副元帥如故。 進太師，領三省事，兼都元帥，監修國史。 出為南京留守，領行台尚書省事。 複為左副元帥，兼西京留守。 再為太保，領三省事。 複為左丞相，兼都元帥。
In the second year of Tianjuan, while Zongjun was being pursued, Saili was punished for having joined him at a drinking party and was stripped of his offices and titles. Before long his offices were restored. In the fourth year of Huangtong he received a hereditary mouke commission, was made Chief Inspector, and enfeoffed as Duke of Bin. He was appointed Grand Councillor. He was promoted to Right Chancellor and concurrently served as Director of the Secretariat. He was promoted to Grand Guardian and Left Chancellor and placed in charge of compiling the state history. He was removed from office and made Left Vice Marshal. Before long he was again Grand Guardian and Left Chancellor while retaining his post as Left Vice Marshal. He was promoted to Grand Preceptor, headed the Three Departments, served concurrently as Supreme Marshal, and continued to oversee the state history. He was sent out as protective commissioner of the Southern Capital and placed in charge of the Branch Secretariat's affairs. He was again made Left Vice Marshal and concurrently protective commissioner of the Western Capital. He again became Grand Guardian and headed the Three Departments. He was again made Left Chancellor and concurrently Supreme Marshal.
23
胙王常勝死，熙宗納其妻宮中，頃之，殺悼後及妃數人，將以常勝妻為後，未果也。 及海陵弑熙宗，詭以熙宗將議立後，召諸王大臣，賽里聞召，以為信然，將入宮，謂人曰：「上必欲立常勝妻為後，我當力爭之。」 及被執，猶以為熙宗將立常勝妻，而先殺之也，曰：「誰能為我言者，我死固不足惜，獨念主上左右無助耳。」 遂遇害。
Prince of Zuo Changsheng died; Xizong took his widow into the palace; not long after he killed the Mourning Empress and several consorts, intending to make Changsheng's wife empress, but the plan came to nothing. When Hailing murdered Xizong, he falsely claimed that Xizong was about to discuss enthroning a new empress and summoned the princes and senior ministers; Saili, hearing the summons, took it at face value and, as he was about to enter the palace, told others: "The emperor surely means to make Changsheng's wife empress—I must argue against it with all my strength." When he was seized he still believed Xizong had meant to make Changsheng's wife empress and had been killed beforehand, and said: "Who will speak for me? My own death is nothing to regret; I only grieve that our lord has no one left to aid him." He was then put to death.
24
石土門
Shi Tumen
25
石土門，漢字一作神徒門，耶懶路完顏部人，世為其部長。 父直離海，始祖弟保活里四世孫，雖同宗屬，不相通問久矣。 景祖時，直離海使部人邈孫來，請複通宗系。 景祖留邈孫歲餘，厚其餼廩飲食，善遇之。 及還，以幣帛數篚為贈，結其厚意。 久之，耶懶歲饑，景祖與之馬牛，為助糴費，使世祖往致之。 會世祖有疾，石土門日夕不離左右，世祖疾愈辭歸，與握手為別，約它日無相忘。 石土門體貌魁偉，勇敢善戰，質直孝友，強記辯捷，臨事果斷。
Shi Tumen—also written in Chinese characters as Shentumen—was of the Wanyan tribe on the Yelang route and had been chief of his tribe for generations. His father Zhilihai was a fourth-generation descendant of Baohuoli, younger brother of the founding ancestor; though they belonged to the same clan, the two lines had long ceased to communicate. During Jingzu's reign Zhilihai sent a tribesman named Miaosun to request that clan ties be restored. Jingzu kept Miaosun for more than a year, generously providing for his rations and meals and treating him with kindness. When he departed, several bundles of silks were sent as gifts to seal their bond of goodwill. After some time Yelang suffered a year of famine; Jingzu gave them horses and cattle to help with the cost of grain and sent Shizu to deliver the aid. When Shizu fell ill, Shi Tumen stayed at his side day and night; when Shizu recovered and prepared to return, they clasped hands in farewell and pledged never to forget one another. Shi Tumen was imposing in build, brave and skilled in battle, plainspoken and upright, filial and loyal to his friends, with a keen memory and quick tongue, and decisive when action was required.
26
世祖襲位，交好益深，鄰部不悅，遂合兵攻之。 石土門使弟阿斯懣率二百人南下拒敵，敵兵千人，已出其東據高阜，石土門將五千人迎擊之。 敵將斡里本者，勇土也，出挑戰，石土門射中其馬，斡里本反射，射中石土門腹，石土門拔箭，戰愈力。 阿斯懣與勇士七人步戰，殺斡里本，諸部兵遂敗。 石土門因招諭諸部，使附于世祖，世祖嘉之。 後伐烏春、窩謀罕及鈍恩、狄庫德等，皆以所部從戰，有功。
When Shizu inherited the leadership their friendship grew still closer; neighboring tribes took offense and joined forces to attack them. Shi Tumen sent his younger brother Asimen with two hundred men south to hold off the enemy; a thousand enemy troops had already emerged to their east and seized the high ground; Shi Tumen led five thousand men to meet and attack them. The enemy general Waliben was a fierce warrior and rode out to challenge him; Shi Tumen shot his horse from under him; Waliben shot back and struck Shi Tumen in the belly; Shi Tumen pulled out the arrow and fought all the harder. Asimen and seven brave men fought on foot and killed Waliben; the tribal forces were then routed. Shi Tumen then won over the tribes and brought them to submit to Shizu, who praised him for it. Later, in campaigns against Wuchun, Wamouhan, Dun'en, Dikude, and others, he always followed with the forces of his tribe and rendered distinguished service.
27
弟阿斯懣尋卒，及終喪，大會其族，太祖率官屬往焉，就以代遼之議訪之。 方會祭，有飛鳥自燕而西，太祖射之，矢貫左翼而墜，石土門持至上前稱慶曰：「烏鳶人所甚惡，今射獲之，此吉兆也。」 即以金版獻之，後以本部兵從擊高麗。 及伐遼，功尤多。 王師攻下西京，賜以金牌。 其子蟬蠢從行，上語之曰：「吾妃之妹白散者在遼，俟其獲，當以為汝婦。」 竟如其言。
His younger brother Asimen soon died; when the mourning period ended he convened a great assembly of his clan; Taizu led his officials to attend and sought his counsel on the plan to supplant Liao. During the sacrificial gathering a bird flew from the east toward the west; Taizu shot it; the arrow pierced its left wing and it fell; Shi Tumen brought it before him and offered congratulations: "The kite is greatly hated by men; that you have now shot it down is an auspicious omen." He then presented a gold plaque in tribute; later he followed with the forces of his tribe in the attack on Goryeo. In the campaign against Liao his achievements were especially great. When the imperial army captured the Western Capital he was granted a gold tablet of honor. His son Chanchun accompanied the campaign; the emperor told him: "My consort's younger sister Baisan is in Liao; when she is captured, she shall be your wife." In the end it happened just as he had said.
28
上之西征，諸將皆從，石土門乃率善射者三百人來衛京師，時太宗居守，喜其至，親出迎勞。 繼聞黃龍府叛，與睿宗討平之，睿宗賜以奴婢五百人，師還，賞賚良渥。 至是卒，年六十一。 正隆二年，封金源郡王。 子習失、思敬。
When the emperor marched westward all the generals followed; Shi Tumen then led three hundred skilled archers to guard the capital; the Taizong was then holding the city, rejoiced at his arrival, and went out in person to welcome and commend him. Soon afterward he learned that Huanglong prefecture had rebelled; he joined the Ruizong in putting down the revolt; the Ruizong granted him five hundred servants; when the army returned his rewards were exceedingly generous. At this time he died, at the age of sixty-one. In the second year of Zhenglong he was enfeoffed as Prince of Jinyuan commandery. His sons were Xishi and Sijing.
29
弟忠
Younger brother: Zhong
30
天輔二年，與婁室俱入見，上曰：「遼主近在中京，而敢輒來，各杖之三十。」 太祖駐軍草濼，迪古乃敢奉聖州，破其兵五千於雞鳴山，奉聖州降。 太祖入燕京，迪古乃出德勝口，以代石土門為耶懶路都勃堇。 天會二年，以耶懶地蒲斥鹵，遷其部于蘇濱水，仍以術實勒之田益之。
In the second year of Tianfu he entered audience together with Loushi; the emperor said: "The Liao sovereign is close at hand in the Central Capital, yet you dare come here so casually—thirty strokes of the staff for each of you." Taizu encamped at Caolu; Digunai held Fengsheng prefecture in defiance; he routed five thousand of their troops at Jiming Mountain, and Fengsheng prefecture submitted. When Taizu entered Yanjing, Digunai went out through Desheng Pass to replace Shi Tumen as chief bulie of the Yelang route. In the second year of Tianhui, because the Yelang territory lay exposed to enemy raids, his tribe was relocated to the Subin River and further granted the fields of Shishile.
31
熙宗即位，加太子太師。 十四年，加保大軍節度使，同中書門下平章事，薨。 天德二年，迪古乃配饗太祖廟廷。 大定二年，追封金源郡王。
When Xizong ascended the throne he was appointed Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent. In the fourteenth year he was made military commissioner of the Baoda Army and Grand Councillor of the Secretariat, and then died. In the second year of Tiande Digunai was granted a place in sacrifices at Taizu's temple. In the second year of Dading he was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Jinyuan commandery.
32
子習室
Son: Xishi
33
習室。 康宗時，高麗築九城於曷懶甸，習室從斡賽軍。 太祖攻甯江州，習室推鋒力戰，授猛安。 後從斜也克中京，襲遼主於鴛鴦濼，略定山囗，敗夏將李良輔兵，與婁室俱獲遼帝于余睹穀。
Xishi. During Emperor Kang's reign Goryeo built nine fortresses in the Halin district; Xishi followed Wosai's army. When Taizu attacked Ningjiang prefecture, Xishi led the charge and fought fiercely, and was granted a meng'an commission. Later he followed Xieye in the capture of the Central Capital, joined the raid on the Liao emperor at Yuanyang Marsh, pacified the mountain passes, defeated the troops of the Xia general Li Liangfu, and together with Loushi captured the Liao emperor at Yudugu Valley.
34
世宗思太祖、太宗創業艱難，求當時群臣勳業最著者，圖像于衍慶宮：遼王斜也、金源郡王撒改、遼王宗幹、秦王宗翰、宋王宗望、梁王宗弼、金源郡王習不失、金源郡王斡魯、金源郡王希尹、金源郡王婁室、楚王宗雄、魯王闍母、金源郡王銀術可、隋國公阿離合懣、金源郡王完顏忠、豫國公蒲家奴、金源郡王撒離喝、兗國公劉彥宗、特進斡魯古、齊國公韓企先，並習室凡二十一人。
Shizong, reflecting on the hardships Taizu and Taizong had endured in founding the state, sought out the ministers of that era whose achievements had been most outstanding and placed their portraits in the Yanging Palace: Prince of Liao Xieye, Prince of Jinyuan Sa Gai, Prince of Liao Zonggan, Prince of Qin Zonghan, Prince of Song Zongwang, Prince of Liang Zongbi, Prince of Jinyuan Xi Bushi, Prince of Jinyuan Wolu, Prince of Jinyuan Xiyin, Prince of Jinyuan Loushi, Prince of Chu Zongxiong, Prince of Lu Zhanmu, Prince of Jinyuan Yinshuke, Duke of Sui Alihemen, Prince of Jinyuan Wanyan Zhong, Duke of Yu Pujianu, Prince of Jinyuan Saliehe, Duke of Yan Liu Yanzong, Special Advance Wolugu, Duke of Qi Han Qixian, and Xishi—twenty-one in all.
35
初，海陵罷諸路萬戶，置蘇濱路節度使。 世宗時，近臣奏請改蘇濱為耶懶節度使，不忘舊功。 上曰：「蘇濱、耶懶二水相距千里，節度使治蘇濱，不必敗。 石土門親管猛安于孫襲封者，可改為耶懶猛安，以示不忘其初。」
Earlier, Hailing had abolished the myriad-household commissioners on the circuits and established a military commissioner for the Subin route. During Shizong's reign close ministers memorialized to change the Subin post back to a Yelang military commissioner, so as not to forget past service. The emperor said: "The Subin and Yelang rivers lie a thousand li apart; there is no need to change the military commissioner's seat from Subin. The meng'an commission that Shi Tumen had personally administered, whose descendants held it by hereditary enfeoffment, may be redesignated a Yelang meng'an, as a sign that we have not forgotten how it all began."
36
子思敬
Son: Sijing
37
思敬本名撒改，押懶河人，金源郡王神土懣之子，習失弟也。 初名思恭，避顯宗諱改焉。 體貌雄偉，美須髯，純直有材幹。 年十一，從其父謁見太祖。 太祖在納鄰澱，方獵，因詔從獵，射黃羊獲之，太祖賜以從馬。
Sijing was originally named Sa Gai; he was from the Yalan River region, son of Prince of Jinyuan Shentumen and younger brother of Xishi. He was first named Sigong; the name was changed to avoid the taboo of Emperor Xianzong. He was imposing in build, with a handsome beard; he was plainspoken, upright, and capable. At the age of eleven he accompanied his father to pay his respects to Taizu. Taizu was hunting at Nalin Marsh; he was summoned to join the hunt, brought down a yellow sheep with his bow, and Taizu granted him a horse from the imperial train.
38
宗翰自太原伐宋，從其兄習室攻太原。 宗翰取河南，思敬從完顏活女涉渡河，下洛陽、圍汴皆有功。 師還，隸遼王宗幹麾下。 太宗幸東京溫湯，思敬權護衛，押衛卒百人從行。 領謀克。 從征術虎麟有功，遂充護衛。 天眷二年，以捕宗磐、宗雋功，遷顯武將軍。
When Zonghan marched against Song from Taiyuan, he followed his elder brother Xishi in the assault on Taiyuan. When Zonghan took Henan, Sijing followed Wanyan Huonü in crossing the river and distinguished himself in the capture of Luoyang and the siege of Bian. When the army returned he was placed under the command of Prince of Liao Zonggan. When the Taizong visited the hot springs at the Eastern Capital, Sijing served as acting guardsman and led a hundred guard soldiers on the journey. He held a mouke commission. He took part in the campaign against Shuhulin with distinction and was then appointed to the guard corps. In the second year of Tianjuan, for his merit in capturing Zongpan and Zongjun, he was promoted to Manifest Martial General.
39
熙宗捕魚混同江，網索絕，曹國王宗敏乘醉，鞭馬入江，手引系網大繩，沉于水中。 熙宗呼左右救之，倉卒莫有應者，思敬躍入水，引宗敏出。 熙宗稱歎，賞賚甚厚。 擢右衛將軍，襲押懶路萬戶，授世襲謀克。 七年，召見，賜以襲衣、廄馬、錢萬貫。 及歸，複遣使賜弓劍。 是年，入為工部尚書，改殿前都點檢。 無何，為吏部尚書。
Xizong was fishing on the Huntong River when the net rope snapped; Prince of Cao Zongmin, drunk, spurred his horse into the river, seized the great rope that held the net, and sank beneath the water. Xizong called on those around him to save him, but in the confusion no one moved; Sijing leaped into the water and pulled Zongmin out. Xizong praised him warmly, and his rewards were exceedingly generous. He was promoted to Right Guard General, inherited the myriad-household commission on the Yalan route, and received a hereditary mouke commission. In the seventh year he was summoned to audience and granted court robes, horses from the imperial stables, and ten thousand strings of cash. When he returned, envoys were again sent to present him with a bow and sword. That year he entered the capital as Minister of Works and was transferred to Chief Inspector of the Palace Guard. Before long he was appointed Minister of Personnel.
40
天德初，為報諭宋國使。 宋人以舊例，請觀錢塘江潮，思敬不觀，曰：「我國東有巨海，而江水有大於錢塘者。」 竟不往。 使還，拜尚書右丞，罷為真定尹。 用廉，封河內郡王，徙封钜鹿。 丁母憂，起複本官，改益都尹。 正隆二年，例奪王爵，改慶陽尹。
At the beginning of Tiande he served as envoy to convey the court's message to the Song. The Song, following established custom, invited him to view the tide on the Qiantang River; Sijing declined and said: "Our country has a vast sea to the east, and there are rivers greater than the Qiantang." In the end he did not go. When the mission returned he was appointed Right Vice Minister of the Secretariat, then relieved to serve as prefect of Zhending. For his integrity he was enfeoffed as Duke of Henei commandery and later transferred to Duke of Julu. When his mother died he entered mourning, was then recalled to his former office, and was made prefect of Yidu. In the second year of Zhenglong, under the usual precedent his princely title was stripped and he was made prefect of Qingyang.
41
大定二年，授西南路招討使，封濟國公，兼天德軍節度使。 俄為北路都統，佩金牌及銀牌二。 西北路招討使唐括孛古底副之。 將本路兵二千，會孛古底，視地形沖要，或於狗濼屯駐，伺契丹賊出沒之地，置守禦，遠斥候，賊至則戰，不以晝夜為限。 詔孛古底曰：「爾兵少，思敬未至，不得先戰。」 僕散忠義敗窩斡於陷泉，詔思敬選新馬三千，備追襲。 窩斡入于奚中，思敬為元帥右都監，以舊領軍入奚地張哥宅，會大軍討之。 敗偽節度特末也，獲二百餘人。 賊降將稍合住與其黨神獨斡，執窩斡並其母徐輦、妻子弟侄家屬及金銀牌印詣思敬降。 思敬獻俘于京師，賜金百兩、銀千兩、重彩四十端、玉帶、廄馬、名鷹。 拜右副元帥，經略南邊，駐山東。 罷為北京留守。 複拜右副元帥，仍經略山東。
In the second year of Dading he was appointed pacification commissioner of the Southwest circuit, enfeoffed as Duke of Ji, and concurrently military commissioner of the Tiande Army. Soon he became supreme commander of the Northern circuit, bearing one gold tablet and two silver tablets. Tangguo Bogudi, pacification commissioner of the Northwest circuit, served as his deputy. He led two thousand men of his circuit to join Bogudi, surveyed the strategically important terrain, and at times encamped at Goulu to watch where Khitan raiders appeared; he set up defenses, posted distant scouts, and fought whenever raiders came, without regard to day or night. An edict instructed Bogudi: "Your force is small and Sijing has not yet arrived—you must not engage the enemy first." Pusan Zhongyi defeated Wowo at Xianquan; an edict directed Sijing to select three thousand fresh horses in preparation for the pursuit. Wowo fled into Xi territory; Sijing served as Right Overseer on the marshal's staff; leading his former command he entered Xi lands at Zhangge's settlement and joined the main army in the campaign against him. They defeated the pretender military commissioner Temoye and took more than two hundred prisoners. The rebel surrendering general Shaogezhu and his follower Shenduwo seized Wowo along with his mother Xunian, his wife, children, younger brothers, nephews, and entire household, together with the gold and silver tablets and seals, and came to surrender to Sijing. Sijing presented the captives at the capital and received a hundred taels of gold, a thousand taels of silver, forty bolts of heavy silks, a jade belt, horses from the imperial stables, and a prized hawk. He was appointed Right Vice Marshal, given charge of strategy on the southern frontier, and stationed in Shandong. He was relieved and made protective commissioner of the Northern Capital. He was again appointed Right Vice Marshal and continued to oversee strategy in Shandong.
42
初，猛安謀克屯田山東，各隨所受地土，散處州縣。 世宗不欲猛安謀克與民戶難處，欲使相聚居之，遣戶部郎中完顏讓往元帥府議之。 思敬與山東路總管徒單克寧議曰：「大軍方進伐宋，宜以家屬權寓州縣，量留軍眾以為備禦。 俟邊事寧息，猛安謀克各使聚居，則軍民俱便。」 還奏，上從之。 其後遂以猛安謀克自為保聚，其田土與民田犬牙相入者，互易之。 三年四月，召還京師，以為北京留守，賜金鞍、勒馬。 七年，召為平章政事。 先是，省並猛安謀克，及海陵時無功授猛、克者，皆罷之，失職者甚眾。 思敬請量才用之，上從其請。
Earlier, meng'an and mouke colonists had been settled to farm in Shandong, each on the land allotted to him, scattered across the various prefectures and counties. Shizong did not want the meng'an and mouke to live in friction with civilian households and wished them settled together; he sent Wanyan Rang of the Revenue Bureau to the marshal's headquarters to discuss the matter. Sijing discussed the matter with Tushi Kening, overall manager of the Shandong circuit, and said: "The main army is advancing against Song; for the present families should lodge temporarily in the prefectures and counties, and a measured force should be left behind for defense. When the frontier is quiet, the meng'an and mouke can each be settled together in communities—then both the army and the people will benefit." When they reported back, the emperor accepted their proposal. Afterward the meng'an and mouke were formed into self-contained communities; where their fields intermingled with civilian holdings like interlocking teeth, the lands were exchanged. In the fourth month of the third year he was recalled to the capital, appointed protective commissioner of the Northern Capital, and granted a gold saddle and a horse with golden bridle. In the seventh year he was summoned to serve as Grand Councillor. Earlier the provinces had consolidated meng'an and mouke posts, and those who had received meng'an or mouke commissions without merit during Hailing's reign were all dismissed—leaving a great many men without office. Sijing requested that they be employed according to their abilities; the emperor granted his request.
43
思敬前為真定尹，其子取部民女為妾。 至是，其兄乞離異，其妾畏思敬在相位，不敢去。 詔還其家。
When Sijing had earlier served as prefect of Zhending, his son had taken a woman of the tribe as concubine. By this time her elder brother sought a divorce; the concubine, fearing Sijing's power as chancellor, dared not leave. An edict ordered her returned to her family.
44
九年，拜樞密使，上疏論五事：其一，女直人可依漢人以文理選試。 其二，契丹人可分隸女直猛安。 其三，鹽濼官可罷去。 其四，與猛安同勾當副千戶官亦可罷。 其五，親王府官屬以文資官擬注，教以女直語言文字。 上皆從之。 其後女直人試進士，夾谷衡、尼厖古鑒、徒單鎰、完顏匡輩，皆由此致宰相，實思敬啟之也。
In the ninth year he was appointed Commissioner of the Bureau of Military Affairs and submitted a memorial on five matters: first, Jurchens should be eligible for selection by civil examination in the literary curriculum, as with the Han. Second, Khitan should be distributed and placed under Jurchen meng'an jurisdictions. Third, the salt-marsh officials should be abolished. Fourth, the associate thousand-household officials who served alongside meng'an commissioners should also be abolished. Fifth, the staff of princely establishments should be appointed from civil-service candidates and instructed in Jurchen language and writing. The emperor accepted all of these proposals. Afterward Jurchens sat for the jinshi examination; Jiagu Heng, Nimogujian, Tushi Yi, Wanyan Kuang, and others all rose to the chancellorship by this route—it was Sijing who had opened the way.
45
久之，上謂思敬曰：「朕欲修《熙宗實錄》，卿嘗為侍從，必能記其事蹟。」 對曰：「熙宗時，內外皆得人，風雨時，年谷豐，盜賊息，百姓安，此其大概也，何必餘事。」 上大悅。 世宗喜立事，故其微諫如此。 大定十三年，薨。 上輟朝，親臨喪，哭之慟。 曰：「舊臣也。」 賻贈加厚，葬禮悉從官給。
After a long interval the emperor said to Sijing: "I wish to compile the Veritable Records of Xizong; you once served in his entourage and must surely remember his deeds." He replied: "In Xizong's reign the right men held office at court and in the provinces; the seasons came in their time; harvests were plentiful; banditry subsided; and the people lived in peace—that is the substance of it; what need is there for anything more?" The emperor was greatly pleased. Shizong delighted in decisive action, and so Sijing offered his counsel in this understated way. In the thirteenth year of Dading he died. The emperor suspended court, came in person to the mourning hall, and wept bitterly. He said: "An old minister of the realm." Funeral gifts were made more generous still, and the entire burial was provided at state expense.
46
孫吾侃術特，大定二十四年，除明威將軍，授速濱路寶鄰山猛安。
His grandson Wukanshute, in the twenty-fourth year of Dading, was appointed Manifest Authority General and granted the Baolin Mountain meng'an commission on the Subin route.
47
贊曰：劾者讓國世祖，以開帝業。 撒改治國家，定社稷，尊立太祖，深謀遠略，為一代宗臣，賢矣哉。 習不失蓋前人之愆，著勳五世。 《易》曰「有子考無咎」，其此之謂乎。 始祖與季弟異部而處，子孫俱為強宗，而取遼之策，卒定于迪古乃，豈天道陰有以相之邪。
The encomium reads: Heliezhe yielded the realm to Shizu and thereby opened the way to the imperial enterprise. Sa Gai governed the state, secured the altars of soil and grain, honored and enthroned Taizu, and with deep foresight and far-reaching design became the great clan minister of his age—how worthy a man! Xi Bushi atoned for the faults of his forebears and won distinction for five generations of his line. The Book of Changes says, "When the son is worthy, the father is without blame"—is this not what is meant? The founding ancestor and his youngest brother lived in separate tribes, yet their descendants all became powerful clans; and the strategy for conquering Liao was finally settled by Digunai—did Heaven in its hidden way lend them aid?