1
列傳第二十二○杲本名撒離喝耨碗溫敦思忠子:謙，侄:兀帶昂高楨白彥敬張景仁
Biographies 22 — Gao (born Saliha); Nouwanwendun Sizhong; his sons Qian; his nephews Wudai, Ang, Gao Zhen, Bai Yanjing, and Zhang Jingren
2
杲，本名撒離喝，安帝六代孫，泰州婆盧火之族，胡魯補山之子。 雄偉有才略，太祖愛之，常在軍中。 及婆盧火為泰州都統，宗族皆隨遷泰州。 撒離喝嘗為世祖養子，獨得不遷，仍居安出虎水。
Gao, whose original name was Saliha, was a sixth-generation descendant of Emperor Andi, of the Baluhuo clan of Taizhou, and the son of Hulubu Mountain. Tall and commanding, with a gift for strategy, he won Taizu's favor and was kept at his side on campaign. When Baluhuo was made commander of Taizhou, the entire clan relocated there with him. Because Saliha had once been Shizu's adopted son, he alone was exempt from the move and remained on the Anchuhu River.
3
宗翰、宗望已再克汴，執宋二主北還。 宗望分遣諸將定河北。 左都監闍母攻下河間。 雄州李成棄城走，撒離喝邀擊，大破之，雄州遂降。 睿宗經略山東，留撒離喝於河上，而真定境內有賊眾，自稱元帥秦王。 撒離喝擊破其眾，執而戮之。 從平陝西，撒離喝徇地自渭以西，降德順軍，又降涇原路鎮戎軍，進平熙河，降甘泉等三堡，遂取保川城，明年，同奔睹討平河外，降甯洮、安隴二寨，並降下河及樂州。 至西寧，盡降其都護官屬，於是木波族長等皆迎降。 攻慶陽，敗其拒者，遂降其城。 慕洧以環州來降，得城寨十三，步騎一萬。 於是，宗弼軍敗于和尚原，上褒美撒離喝而戒勵宗弼。
Zonghan and Zongwang had twice captured Bianjing and marched the two Song emperors north as prisoners. Zongwang sent his generals out to secure Hebei. The left overseer Zhanmu captured Hejian. When Li Cheng of Xiongzhou abandoned the city and fled, Saliha cut him off and routed his force, and Xiongzhou surrendered. While the Ruizong Emperor campaigned in Shandong, he left Saliha on the Yellow River. Within Zhending, rebels had proclaimed themselves marshal and King of Qin. Saliha defeated them, took them prisoner, and put them to death. In the campaign to pacify Shaanxi, Saliha marched west of the Wei, accepting the surrender of Deshun Army and then Zhenrong Army on the Jingyuan circuit. He advanced into Xihé, took three Ganquan forts, and seized Baochuan. The following year, with Bendu he subdued the territory beyond the river, winning Ningtao and Anlong stockades and the surrender of Xiahe and Lezhou. At Xining he compelled the protector and his entire staff to submit, and the Mubo chiefs and others came forward to surrender. He assaulted Qingyang, broke the defenders, and the city capitulated. Mu Wei surrendered Huanzhou to him, yielding thirteen fortified posts and ten thousand foot and horse. When Zongbi's army was beaten at Heshangyuan, the throne praised Saliha and rebuked Zongbi.
4
睿宗已定陝西，留兵屯沖要，使撒離喝總之。 居無何，請收劍外十三州。 與宋王彥之軍七千人遇于沙會濼，敗之，遂克金州。 連破吳玠諸軍于饒峰關，遂取真符縣，取洋州入興元府。 敗吳玠兵於固鎮，擒其兩將。 撒葛柷等破宋兵，盡下諸砦及仙人關。 天會十四年，為元帥右監軍。
After Ruizong had secured Shaanxi, he left troops at key posts and placed Saliha in command of them all. Shortly afterward he asked permission to recover the thirteen prefectures south of Jian. He met Wang Yan's seven thousand Song troops at Shahui Marsh, routed them, and captured Jinzhou. He broke Wu Jie's forces again and again at Raofeng Pass, seized Zhenfu County, took Yangzhou, and advanced into Xingyuan. At Guzhen he routed Wu Jie and took two of his commanders prisoner. Sagezhu and his colleagues defeated the Song and captured every stockade along with Xianren Pass. In Tianhui 14 he was made right overseer under the marshal.
5
天眷三年，宗弼複取河南。 撒離喝自河中出陝西。 既至鳳翔，擊走宋軍。 是時，宋軍在京兆西者甚眾。 諸將以暑雨，欲駐軍。 且聞宋兵九萬會於涇州，都元帥遣河南步卒來會軍。 撒離喝留諸將屯環慶，獨以輕騎取涇州。 六月，敗宋兵於涇州。 宋兵走渭州，拔離速追擊，大敗之。 未幾，為右副元帥。 皇統三年，封應國公，錫賚甚厚。 熙宗出獵，賜具裝馬二，命射於圍中。 加開府儀同三司。 將還軍，命宰臣餞之。
In Tianjuan 3, Zongbi reconquered Henan. Saliha advanced from Hezhong into Shaanxi. At Fengxiang he drove the Song forces back. Large Song forces still held the country west of Jingzhao. The generals urged a halt, citing the summer heat and rains. Word came that ninety thousand Song troops were gathering at Jingzhou, and the supreme commander dispatched Henan foot soldiers to reinforce the army. Saliha left the other generals at Huanqing and rode ahead with a light force to seize Jingzhou. In the sixth month he routed the Song at Jingzhou. The Song fell back on Weizhou; Balisu pursued and shattered them. Soon afterward he was made right deputy marshal. In Huangtong 3 he was created Duke of Ying and showered with rewards. On a hunt the Xizong Emperor gave him two fully equipped horses and had him shoot inside the game enclosure. He was promoted to Bearer of the Merit Equal to the Three Dukes with privilege to open an office. As he prepared to return to the field, the chief ministers were ordered to send him off with a feast.
6
海陵升蒲州為河中府，撒離喝為河中尹，左副元帥如故。 自陝西入朝，因從容言曰：「唐建成不道，太宗以義除之，即位之後，力行善政，後世稱賢。 陛下以前主失德，大義廢絕，力行善政，則如唐太宗矣。」 海陵聞其言，色變，撒離喝亦悔其言。 既而進封國王，從行官吏皆官賞之。 海陵念撒離喝久握兵在外，頗得士心，忌之，以為行台左丞相兼左副元帥。 又恐不奉命，陽尊以殊禮，使系屬籍，以玉帶璽書賜之。 撒離喝至汴，詔諭行台右丞相、右副元帥撻不野無使撒離喝預軍事。 撒離喝不知，每事輒爭之。 撻不野詭曰：「太師梁王以陝西事屬公，以河南事屬撻不野，今未嘗別奉詔命。 陝西之事，撻不野固不敢干涉。」 撻不野久在河南，將帥畏而附之。 撒離喝始至勢孤，爭之不得，白於朝。 大臣知上旨，報曰：「如梁王教。」 及詔使至汴，諭旨於撻不野。 使還，撻不野獨有附奏，撒離喝不得與聞，人皆知海陵使撻不野圖之矣。
Hailing elevated Puzhou to Hezhong Prefecture and made Saliha its prefect, retaining his rank as left deputy marshal. On returning from Shaanxi to court he remarked at ease: "In Tang, Jiancheng was unprincipled; Taizong removed him in the name of righteousness. Once enthroned he devoted himself to good government, and posterity calls him wise. Your Majesty set aside the former ruler for his loss of virtue in the name of righteousness; if you now devote yourself to good government, you will stand with Tang Taizong." Hailing's face darkened at the words, and Saliha immediately regretted having spoken. He was soon raised to Prince of the State, and every official who had traveled with him was promoted and rewarded. Hailing feared Saliha's long command abroad and the loyalty he had won among the soldiery, and though jealous of him, named him left chief minister of the traveling secretariat while keeping him as left deputy marshal. Afraid Saliha might refuse to come, he showered him with outward honors, enrolled him in the clan register, and sent him an imperial jade belt and sealed letter. When Saliha reached Bian, an edict told the right chief minister and right deputy marshal Tabuye to keep Saliha out of military affairs. Unaware of the order, Saliha contested him at every turn. Tabuye answered evasively: "Grand Preceptor the Prince of Liang left Shaanxi to you and Henan to me; no separate order has reached us. Matters in Shaanxi I would never presume to touch." Tabuye had held Henan for years, and the commanders feared him and rallied to his side. Newly arrived and without allies, Saliha could win no argument and appealed to the court. The ministers, knowing the emperor's mind, answered: "Follow the Prince of Liang's direction." When the imperial envoy reached Bian, he delivered the order to Tabuye. On the envoy's return Tabuye alone filed a supplementary memorial that Saliha was not permitted to see. All understood that Hailing had set Tabuye to entrap him.
7
會海陵欲除遼王斜也子孫及平章政事宗義等，元帥府令史遙設希海陵旨，誣撒離喝父子謀反，並平章宗義、尚書謀裏野等。 遙設學撒離喝手署及印文，詐為契丹小字家書與其子宗安，從左都監奔睹上變。 封題作已經開拆者，書紙隱約有白字，作曾經水浸，致字畫分明者，稱御史大夫宗安于宮門外遺下此書，遙設拾得之。 其書略曰：「撻不野自來於我不好，凡事常有堤防，應是知得上意。 移剌補丞相于我不好，若遲緩分毫，猜疑必落他手也。」 又曰：「阿渾每見此書，約定月日，教掃胡令史卻寫白字書來。」 有司鞫問，宗安不服曰：「使真有此書，我剖肌肉藏之，猶恐漏泄，安得于朝門下遺之？」 有司掠笞楚毒，宗安神色不變。 乃置掃胡爐炭上，掃胡不能堪，自誣服。 宗安謂掃胡曰：「爾苦矣。」 宗義被掠笞，不能當，亦自誣服，曰：「我輩知不免矣，不早決，徒自苦。」 宗安曰：「今雖無以自明，九泉之下當有冤對，吾終不能引屈。」 竟不服而死。 使廝魯渾殺撒離喝於汴，族其家，而無寫書及傳書者主名。
Just then Hailing was moving against the descendants of Prince of Liao Xieye and Chief Councilor Zongyi. The marshalate clerk Yaoshe, eager to please him, framed Saliha and his son for treason, along with Zongyi, Minister Moliye, and others. Yaoshe copied Saliha's hand and seal, forged a Khitan small-script letter to his son Zong'an, and had the left overseer Bendu lodge a treason report. The envelope was made to look already opened; faint white characters showed through the paper, as if water damage had later brought the writing into relief. He claimed Censor-in-Chief Zong'an had dropped it outside the palace gate and that he had found it. The letter read in part: "Tabuye has always been hostile to me and watches every move — he must know what the throne intends. Chief Councilor Yila Bu is against me; the slightest delay and suspicion will pass to him." It also said: "When Ahun sees this, fix a date and have Clerk Saohu reply in white script." Under interrogation Zong'an refused to confess: "If I had such a letter I would cut open my flesh to hide it and still fear discovery — how could I have dropped it at the palace gate?" They beat and tortured him without mercy, yet his face never changed. They set Saohu on a bed of coals; unable to bear it, he confessed falsely. Zong'an told Saohu: "You have suffered enough." Zongyi, under the lash, could not endure it and also confessed falsely: "We know there is no escape; delay only prolongs our suffering." Zong'an said: "I cannot clear my name now, but in the grave there will be reckoning for this wrong; I will never plead guilty to a lie." He died without ever confessing. He sent Siluhun to kill Saliha at Bian and wiped out his family, yet no author or courier of the letter was ever named.
8
有折哥者，能契丹小字，舊嘗從撒離喝。 特末者，陝西舊將，嘗以左副元帥事馳驛赴闕。 兩人者皆族誅。 撒離喝親屬坐是死者二十余人。 魯王斡者孫耶魯候撒離喝於汴，廝魯渾執之，耶魯曰：「願付有司，若法當同坐，雖死不恨。」 廝魯渾亦殺之。 其家訟於朝，海陵不問，但賜錢二百萬。
There was one Zhege, who knew Khitan small script and had once served under Saliha. Teme was an old Shaanxi commander who had once ridden post-haste to court on left deputy marshal business. Both were executed to the last of their kin. More than twenty of Saliha's relatives died in the affair. Yelu, grandson of Prince of Lu Wo, had come to wait on Saliha at Bian. Siluhun seized him, and Yelu said: "Hand me to the magistrates; if the law condemns me with him, I die without regret." Siluhun killed him anyway. The family appealed to court; Hailing would not hear the case and merely gave them two million in cash.
9
奔睹遷元帥左監軍，加開府儀同三司。 遙設為同知博州事，賜錢三百萬，謂之曰：「爾無自比老人。 老人親告朕，爾以告有司，設有撒離喝黨人在其間，敗吾事矣。」 老人指蕭玉也。 蕭玉名老人，故雲然。 遙設在博州數歲，後與蕭裕謀反，伏誅。
Bendu was made left overseer under the marshal and promoted to Bearer of the Merit Equal to the Three Dukes with privilege to open an office. Yaoshe was appointed associate prefect of Bozhou and given three million cash. Hailing told him: "Do not rank yourself with the Old Man. The Old Man told me himself; if you go to the magistrates, any of Saliha's faction there will ruin the whole affair." The Old Man" meant Xiao Yu. Xiao Yu went by the name Old Man, which is why he spoke that way. After several years at Bozhou, Yaoshe joined Xiao Yu in a rebellion and was put to death.
10
大定初，詔複撒離喝官爵。 三年，追封金源郡王，諡莊襄，以郡王品秩官為營葬。 十七年，配享太宗廟廷。
Early in the Dadu reign an edict restored Saliha's offices and titles. In the third year he was posthumously created Prince of Jinyuan with the temple name Zhuangxiang, and officials of princely rank were ordered to conduct his funeral. In the seventeenth year he was granted a place in Taizong's temple.
11
耨碗溫敦思忠
Nouwanwendun Sizhong
12
耨碗溫敦思忠，本名乙剌補，阿補斯水人。 太祖伐遼，是時未有文字，凡軍事當中複而應密者，諸將皆口授思忠，思忠面奏受詔，還軍傳致詔辭，雖往復數千言，無少誤。 及遼人議和，思忠與烏林答贊謀往來專對其間，號閘剌。 閘剌者，漢語雲行人也。 自收國元年正月，遼人遣僧家奴來，使者三往反，議不決。 使者賽剌至遼，遼人殺之。 遼主自將，至駝門，大敗，歸，複遣使議和。 太祖使胡突袞往，書曰：「若不從此，胡突袞但使人送至界上，或如賽剌殺之，惟所欲者。」
Nouwanwendun Sizhong, born Yilabu, came from the Apusi River region. During Taizu's campaign against Liao, before the state had a written script, every confidential military order passed through the generals' mouths to Sizhong. He received the edict in audience and carried its wording back to the army; even exchanges of thousands of words went without a single mistake. When the Liao opened peace talks, Sizhong and Wulinada Zanmou served as the sole envoys shuttling between the sides and were called zhaci. Zhaci is Chinese for "traveler." From the first month of Shouguo 1 the Liao sent the monk Jianu; after three rounds of envoys the talks still failed. When the envoy Saila reached Liao, they killed him. The Liao emperor took the field in person, was routed at Tuomen, withdrew, and again sent envoys to negotiate peace. Taizu sent Hutugun with a letter: "If you refuse, Hutugun need only have you escorted to the border — or killed like Saila; do as you will."
13
天輔三年六月，遼大冊使太傅習泥烈以冊璽至上京一舍，先取冊文副錄閱視，文不稱兄，不稱大金，稱東懷國。 太祖不受，使宗翰、宗雄、宗幹、希尹商定冊文義指，揚朴潤色，胡十答、阿撒、高慶裔譯契丹字，使贊謀與習泥烈偕行。 贊謀至遼，見遼人再撰冊文，複不盡如本國旨意，欲見遼主自陳，閽者止之。 贊謀不顧，直入。 閽者相與搏撠，折其信牌。 遼人懼，遽遣贊謀歸。 太祖再遣贊謀如遼。 遼人前後十三遣使，和議終不可成。 太祖自將，遂克臨潢。
In the sixth month of Tianfu 3 the Liao grand investiture envoy, Grand Preceptor Xini Lie, brought the documents and seal to within a li of the Supreme Capital. A copy was read first: it did not treat Jin as elder brother, did not say Great Jin, but called it the Eastern Huai State. Taizu refused it and had Zonghan, Zongxiong, Zonggan, and Xiyin settle the text's meaning, Yang Pu refine the language, Hu Shida, Asa, and Gao Qingyi render the Khitan script, and sent Zanmou back with Xini Lie. At Liao, Zanmou found they had drafted a new text that still fell short of Jin's demands. He tried to see the Liao emperor in person, but the gatekeepers barred him. Zanmou ignored them and forced his way in. The gatekeepers seized him and broke his credential tablet. Alarmed, the Liao hurried him back. Taizu sent Zanmou to Liao again. The Liao sent envoys back and forth thirteen times, but peace could never be made. Taizu took the field in person and captured Linhuang.
14
其後伐宋，思忠從宗翰軍，封劉豫為齊帝，思忠為傳宣使，俄授謀克。 從宗弼克和尚原。 還為同知西京留守事。 天眷初，改蒲州防禦使。 元帥府在陝西者，其官屬往往豪壓貧民為奴，起遣工匠千人東來，至河上，思忠留止其人以聞，詔皆還之。 為行台尚書左丞。 是時，贊謨為行台參知政事，思忠黷貨無厭，贊謨鄙之，兩人由是交惡。 海陵殺左丞相秉德于行台。 贊謨妻，秉德乳母也。 思忠因構贊謨。 殺之。 是歲，思忠入為尚書右丞。 俄進平章政事，封郜國公。 進拜左丞相兼侍中，封沂國公。
In the later campaign against Song he served under Zonghan; when Liu Yu was made Emperor of Qi, Sizhong became transmission envoy and soon received the rank of mouke. He followed Zongbi to victory at Heshangyuan. On returning he was made associate commissioner of the Western Capital garrison. Early in Tianjuan he was made defense commissioner of Puzhou. Marshalate officials in Shaanxi often bullied the poor into slavery and drafted a thousand artisans for the east. At the river Sizhong held them and reported; an edict sent them all home. He was made left vice director of the traveling secretariat. Zanmo was then participating administrator of the traveling secretariat. Sizhong's greed for bribes disgusted him, and the two became bitter enemies. Hailing executed Left Chief Councilor Bingde at the traveling secretariat. Zanmo's wife had been Bingde's wet nurse. Sizhong then framed Zanmo. Zanmo was executed. That year Sizhong came to court as right vice director of the Department of State Affairs. Soon he was made chief councilor and created Duke of Gao. He was promoted to left chief councilor and palace attendant and created Duke of Yi.
15
天德三年，致仕。 貞元二年十月，海陵率三品以上官幸思忠第，使以家禮見，謂思忠曰：「卿神氣康實，習先朝舊事，舍卿無能知者，當為朕起，共治國政。」 對曰：「君之命，臣敢不敬從，但恨老病疏謬，無以塞責耳。」 遂命思忠乘馬從入宮，拜太傅，領三省事，封齊國王。 尋拜太師兼勸農使。 已而罷中書門下省，不置領三省事。 置尚書令，位丞相上。 思忠為尚書令，特置散從八人，聽隨至宮，省奏賜坐。 海陵欲定封爵制度，風思忠建白之。 封王者皆降封，異姓或封公或一品、二品階。 惟封思忠廣平郡王，賜以玉帶。 思忠言百官不當封妻，海陵從之。 惟封思忠次室為郡夫人。 而思忠亦自謂太祖舊臣，頗自任，雖海陵遂非拒諫，而思忠盡言無所避。
In Tiande 3 he retired. In the tenth month of Zhenyuan 2, Hailing led third-rank officials and above to Sizhong's home and received him with family rites. He told Sizhong: "You are hale and know the old court's ways as no one else does. Rise and govern with me." He answered: "Your command I dare not refuse, but age and illness leave me unfit for the task." He had Sizhong ride with him into the palace, made him Grand Preceptor in charge of the Three Departments, and created him King of Qi. Soon he was made Grand Tutor and commissioner for encouraging agriculture. Soon the Secretariat-Chancellery was abolished and the post overseeing the Three Departments was dropped. The office of Director of the Department of State Affairs was created, ranking above the chief councilors. Sizhong became Director, with eight personal attendants allowed to accompany him to court, where memorials were read and he was given a seat. Hailing wanted to reform enfeoffments and prompted Sizhong to draft the proposal. Former kings were demoted; men of other surnames received dukedoms or first- or second-rank grades. Only Sizhong was created Prince of Guangping and given an imperial jade belt. Sizhong argued that officials should not enfeoff their wives, and Hailing agreed. Only his secondary consort was created Lady of the Commandery. Sizhong counted himself an old servant of Taizu and spoke freely; even when Hailing grew stubborn and rejected counsel, he held nothing back.
16
海陵將伐宋，問諸大臣，皆不敢對。 思忠曰：「不可。」 海陵不悅，謂思忠曰：「汝勿論可否，但雲何時克之。」 思忠曰：「以十年為期。」 海陵曰：「何久也？ 期月耳。」 思忠曰：「太祖伐遼，猶且數年。 今百姓愁怨，師出無名。 江、淮間暑熱湫濕，不堪久居，未能以歲月期也。」 海陵怒，顧視左右，若欲取兵刃者。 思忠無所畏恐，複曰：「老臣曆事四朝，位至公相，苟有補於國家，死亦何憾。」 有頃，海陵曰：「自古帝王混一天下，然後可為正統。 爾耄夫固不知此，汝子乙迭讀書，可往問之。」 思忠曰：「臣昔見太祖取天下，此時豈有文字耶？ 臣年垂七十，更事多矣，彼乳臭子，安足問哉！」
When Hailing planned war on Song, he asked his ministers; none dared reply. Sizhong said: "You must not." Hailing was angry. "Never mind whether it can be done," he said. "Tell me when you will conquer it." Sizhong said: "Give it ten years." Hailing said: "Why so long? A month will do." Sizhong said: "Taizu's conquest of Liao took years. The people are bitter, and this war has no just cause. Between the Yangzi and Huai the heat and damp are unbearable for long campaigns; you cannot reckon it by months." Hailing glared about as if to reach for a weapon. Unafraid, Sizhong said again: "I have served four reigns and risen to the highest rank; if my words help the state, I die without regret." After a pause Hailing said: "Since antiquity only emperors who unified the realm could claim orthodox rule. You old fool cannot grasp this; your son Yidie reads books — go ask him." Sizhong said: "When I watched Taizu win the empire, was there any writing then? I am nearly seventy and have seen much; what can that suckling child tell me?"
17
海陵既不用思忠言，運四方甲仗於中都。 思忠曰：「州郡無兵，何以備盜賊？」 海陵盡籍丁壯為兵，思忠曰：「山后契丹諸部，恐未可盡起。」 皆不聽。 其後，州郡盜起，守令不能制。 契丹撒八、窩斡果反，期年乃克之。
Ignoring Sizhong, Hailing gathered arms from every quarter to the Central Capital. Sizhong said: "Without local troops, how will the provinces check bandits?" Hailing conscripted every able man. Sizhong warned: "The Khitan tribes beyond the mountains may not all be safe to mobilize." Hailing would not listen. Banditry soon spread through the provinces, beyond the control of local officials. The Khitan Sab'a and Wowo rebelled, and a full year passed before they were suppressed.
18
子謙
Son: Qian
19
謙，本名乙迭，累官禦史中丞。 世宗謂之曰：「省部官受請托，有以室家傳達者。 官刑不肅，士風頹弊如此，其糾正之。」 初，世宗至中都，多放宮人還家，有稱心等數人在放遣之例，所司失於檢照，不得出宮，心常怏怏。 大定二年閏二月癸巳夜，遂於十六位放火，延燒太和、神龍殿。 上命近臣跡火之所發。 十六位宮人袁六娘等六人告，實稱心等為之。 稱心等伏誅，賞賜袁六娘六人，放出宮為良。 謙意宮殿被火，將復興工役，勞民傷財，乃上表乞權紓修建。 上使張汝弼詔謙曰：「朕思正隆比年徭役，百姓瘡痍未複，邊事未息，豈遽有營繕也。 卿可悉之。」
Qian, born Yidie, rose to censor-in-chief. The Shizong Emperor told him: "Department officials take bribes, and some pass them through their households. Discipline is lax and official morals have sunk this low — set it right." When Shizong first reached the Central Capital, many palace women were sent home. Chengxin and several others were on the release list, but a clerical error kept them inside, and they brooded over the wrong. On the night of guisi in the intercalary second month of Dadu 2 they set fire in the Sixteen Quarters, and the blaze spread to the Taihe and Shenlong halls. The emperor ordered his attendants to trace the fire's origin. Six palace women of the Sixteen Quarters, led by Yuan Liuniang, reported that Chengxin and her companions had set the fire. Chengxin and her accomplices were executed; Yuan Liuniang and the other five were rewarded and freed from palace service. Fearing that the fire would trigger costly rebuilding that would burden the people, Qian memorialized to defer construction. The emperor sent Zhang Rubi to tell Qian: "I know the Zhenglong years exhausted the people; their wounds are not healed and the borders are still troubled — how could I rush into rebuilding? You may take that as settled."
20
久之，襲父思忠濟州猛安、利涉軍節度副使。 烏林答鈔兀追捕逃軍，至猛安中，謙畏其擾，乃醵民財買銀賂鈔兀。 事覺，鈔兀抵罪，謙坐奪猛安。 遇赦，求敘。 上曰：「乙迭無自與贓，使複其所。」
In time he inherited his father Sizhong's meng'an of Jizhou and deputy command of the Lishé Army. When Wulinada Chaowu came hunting deserters in the meng'an, Qian, fearing harassment, levied silver from the people to bribe him. When the affair was exposed, Chaowu was punished and Qian lost his meng'an. After an amnesty he sought restoration. The emperor said: "Yidie did not take the bribe himself; restore his post."
21
侄兀帶
Nephew: Wudai
22
耨碗溫敦兀帶，太師思忠侄也。 天會間，充女直字學生，學問通達，觀書史，工為詩。 選為尚書省令史，除右司都事，轉行台右司郎中，入為左司員外郎。 累官同知大興尹，京師盜賊止息，事無留滯。 再遷刑部尚書，改定海軍節度使。 除兵部尚書，改吏部。 正隆伐宋。 為武定軍都總管。 世宗即位，遣使召之，授咸平尹，為北邊行軍都統。 改會甯尹，都統如故。 是時初定窩斡，人心未安，兀帶為治寬簡，多備禦，謹斥候，邊郡以寧。 改北京留守。 以廉察舉「兀帶所在有能名，無私過」，由是入拜參知政事。 世宗諭之曰：「凡在卿上者，行事或不當理，咨稟不從，卿以所見奏聞。 下位有可用之才，當推薦之。」 久之，屬疾，上命左宣徽使敬嗣暉往視，遣醫治療。 薨，年四十七。 上聞悼惜之，賻銀千兩、重彩四十端、絹四百匹，敕有司致祭。 久之，上謂侍臣曰：「故參知政事兀帶、刑部尚書彥忠、滄州節度使兀不喝、侍郎敵斡、郎中骨赧皆為人忠直，後進中少有能及之者。 朕樂得忠直之人，有如兀帶輩者乎，卿等為朕舉之。」 其見思如此。
Nouwanwendun Wudai was the nephew of Grand Tutor Sizhong. During Tianhui he studied Jurchen script; widely learned, he read histories and wrote poetry well. He became a Department of State Affairs clerk, then director of the right bureau, traveling secretariat right bureau director, and outer vice director of the left bureau at court. He rose to associate prefect of Daxing; capital crime stopped and no case lingered on his desk. He was made Minister of Justice, then military commissioner of the Dinghai Army. He served as Minister of War, then Minister of Personnel. In the Zhenglong campaign against Song — he was overall commander of the Wuding Army. When Shizong took the throne he summoned Wudai, made him prefect of Xianping, and overall commander on the northern frontier. He was transferred to Huining as prefect while keeping his frontier command. With Wowo's rebellion just suppressed and the frontier still uneasy, Wudai ruled lightly but fortified the border and kept scouts alert, and the frontier counties grew calm. He was made commissioner of the Northern Capital garrison. An integrity review praised him as capable and without private fault wherever he had served, and he was made participating administrator of the Secretariat-Chancellery. Shizong told him: "If your superiors act wrongly and ignore your advice, report what you see directly to me. When you find able men below you, recommend them." In time he fell ill; the emperor sent Left Commissioner Jing Sihui to visit him and physicians to treat him. He died at forty-seven. The emperor mourned him and sent one thousand taels of silver, forty bolts of brocade, four hundred bolts of silk, and ordered the rites office to perform sacrifices. Long afterward the emperor told his attendants: "The late Wudai, Yanzhong, Wubuhai, Diwo, and Guhan were all upright; few of the younger men measure up to them. I want upright men like Wudai — find them for me." Such was the esteem in which he was held.
23
昂，本名奔睹，景祖弟孛黑之孫，斜斡之子。 幼時侍太祖。 太祖令數人兩兩角力。 時昂年十五，太祖顧曰：「汝能此乎？」 對曰：「有命，敢不勉。」 遂連僕六人。 太祖喜曰：「汝，吾宗弟也，自今勿遠左右。」 居數日，賜金牌，令佩以侍。 年十七，太祖伐遼，謂之曰：「汝可擐甲從軍矣。」 昂遂佩所賜金牌從軍。 太祖平燕，策功，賜甲第一區。 天輔六年，宗翰駐北安州，聞遼主延禧在鴛鴦濼，遣耨碗溫敦思忠請于國論勃極烈杲，願以所部軍追之。 杲不能決，乃遣昂與思忠詣宗翰議，其事遂定。 天會二年，南京叛，軍帥闍母遣昂、劉彥宗分兵討之。
Ang, born Bendu, was the grandson of Jingzu's brother Lihei and the son of Xie'o. As a boy he attended Taizu. Taizu had several men wrestle in pairs. Ang was fifteen. Taizu turned to him and asked: "Can you do this?" He answered: "If you command it, I shall try." He threw six men in a row. Taizu was delighted. "You are kin of my house," he said; "stay close to me from now on." A few days later he gave him a gold tablet and had him wear it in attendance. At seventeen, when Taizu marched against Liao, he told him: "You are old enough to take the field." Ang wore the gold tablet he had been given and joined the campaign. When Taizu pacified Yan, Ang was rewarded with a first-grade suit of armor for his service. In the sixth year of Tianfu, Zonghan held Beian Prefecture. Learning that the Liao emperor Yelü Yanxi was at Yuanyang Marsh, he dispatched Nouwanwendun Sizhong to ask Gao, chief delian of the national council, for leave to pursue with his own forces. Gao could not decide alone, so he sent Ang and Sizhong to confer with Zonghan; the plan was then fixed. In the second year of Tianhui, the Southern Capital rose in revolt. The army commander Zhanmu sent Ang and Liu Yanzong with separate columns to put it down.
24
宗望伐宋，承制以為河南諸路兵馬都統，稱「金牌郎君」。 及攻汴州，宗弼與昂以兵三千為前鋒。 比暮，昂先以兵千人馳至其北門。 時軍中遣使入城，宋人不納。 昂諭之以事，遂得入。 宗望至汴，令闍母、撻懶等屯于城之東北隅。 慮宋主遁去，遣昂等率輕騎環城巡邏。 昂所領止八謀克，遇敵萬人，與戰，敗之，其步軍溺死於汴者過半。 七年，大軍渡江，敗宋兵于江上。 帥府遣昂等以兵追宋主。 宋主入會稽，若為堅守計，有兵數千列陣于郭東竹葦間。 諸將欲擊之，昂曰：「此詐也。 不若急攻城，不然將由他門逸去。」 諸將猶豫未決，而宋主果於他門以單舟入海，不獲而還。
When Zongwang marched against Song, Ang was provisionally appointed overall commander of Henan circuit forces and styled "Lord of the Golden Tablet." At the assault on Bianzhou, Zongbi and Ang led three thousand men as the vanguard. By dusk Ang had galloped ahead with a thousand men to the north gate. The army sent envoys into the city, but the Song refused them entry. Ang explained matters to the defenders, and they were admitted. When Zongwang reached Bianjing, he stationed Zhanmu, Talan, and others at the city's northeast corner. Fearing the Song emperor might escape, he sent Ang and others with light cavalry to circle the walls on patrol. Ang had only eight meng'an companies. He met ten thousand enemy troops, fought them, and routed them—more than half the Song infantry drowned in the Bian River. In the seventh year the main army crossed the Yangzi and defeated Song forces on the river. The command post sent Ang and others in pursuit of the Song emperor. The Song emperor withdrew into Kuaiji. As though preparing to hold firm, several thousand soldiers were arrayed among the bamboo and reeds east of the suburb. The generals wanted to strike, but Ang said, "This is a feint. Better to storm the city at once—or he will slip out through another gate." The generals wavered and could not decide. The Song emperor did escape by a single boat through another gate and put to sea; they returned empty-handed.
25
宗輔定陝西，宗弼經略熙秦，遣昂與撒離喝領兵八千攻取河西郡縣。 昂等遂取甯洮、安隴二寨。 進至河州，其通判率士民迎降。 攻樂州，其都護及河州安撫使郭寧偕降。 複進取三寨，至西寧州，都護許居簡以城降，吐蕃酋長之孫趙鈐轄率其所部木波首領五人來降。 昂別領軍四千往積石軍，降其軍及所部五寨官吏。 追吐蕃鈐轄等十二人至廓州，招之不下，攻取之。
After Zongfu secured Shaanxi, Zongbi took charge of Xihé and Qin and sent Ang and Saliha with eight thousand men to take the Hexi prefectures and counties. Ang and his forces took the Ningtao and Anlong stockades. They advanced to Hezhou, where the vice prefect led officials and townspeople out to surrender. At Lezhou the protector and Hezhou pacification commissioner Guo Ning surrendered together. They took three more stockades and reached Xining, where Protector Xu Jujian handed over the city. Zhao Qianxia, grandson of a Tibetan chieftain, brought five Mubo chieftains under his command to submit. Ang detached four thousand men for Jishi Army and accepted the surrender of the garrison and the officials of five dependent stockades. He pursued twelve Tibetan commanders as far as Kuozhou. When they refused to submit, he stormed the city and took it.
26
天眷元年，授鎮國上將軍，除東平尹。 明年夏，宋將岳飛以兵十萬，號稱百萬，來攻東平。 東平有兵五千，倉卒出禦之。 時桑柘方茂，昂使多張旗幟于林間，以為疑兵，自以精兵陣於前。 飛不敢動，相持數日而退。 昂勒兵襲之，至清口，飛眾泛舟逆水而去。 時霖雨晝夜不止，昂乃附水屯營。 夜將半，忽促眾北行。 諸將諫曰：「軍士遠涉泥淖，饑憊未食，恐難遽行。」 昂怒不應，鳴鼓督之，下令曰：「鼓聲絕而敢後者斬。」 遂棄營去，幾二十里而止。 是夜，宋人來劫營，無所得而去。 諸將入賀，且問其故。 昂曰：「沿流而下者，走也； 溯流而上者，誘我必追也。 今大雨泥淖，彼舟行安，我陸行勞。 士卒饑乏，弓矢敗弱，我軍居其下流，勢不便利，其襲我必矣。」 眾皆稱善。 岳飛以兵十萬圍邳州甚急，城中兵才千餘，守將懼，遣人求救。 昂曰：「為我語守將，我嘗至下邳，城中西南隅有塹深丈餘，可速實之。」 守將如其教，填之。 岳飛果自此穴地以入，知有備，遂止。 昂舉兵以為聲援，飛乃退。
In the first year of Tianjuan he was made General Who Stabilizes the State and appointed Administrator of Dongping. The next summer the Song general Yue Fei marched on Dongping with a hundred thousand men, claiming a million. Dongping had only five thousand troops, which were hurriedly sent out to meet him. With the mulberry groves in full leaf, Ang posted many banners among the trees as a feint and drew up his elite troops in front. Yue Fei held back; after several days he withdrew. Ang pressed the attack as far as Qingkou, where Yue Fei's men were rowing upstream against the current. Day and night the rains poured; Ang made camp beside the river. Near midnight he suddenly ordered a march north. The generals protested: "The men have slogged through mud for miles—they are hungry, exhausted, and unfed. A sudden march will be impossible." Ang ignored them in anger, beat the drums, and ordered: "When the drums fall silent, any man who hangs back is beheaded." They abandoned camp and marched nearly twenty li before halting. That night Song raiders struck the abandoned camp and returned empty-handed. The generals came to congratulate him and ask what he had foreseen. Ang said, "Moving downstream is flight. Moving upstream is bait—they mean to draw us into pursuit. In this downpour and mud, boats ride easily while we march on land. Our men are hungry, our bows sodden—we hold the lower reach of the river. They were bound to strike us in the night." All agreed he had read the situation aright. Yue Fei tightened his siege of Pizhou with a hundred thousand men. The garrison numbered barely a thousand; the commander in terror sent for help. Ang said, "Tell the commander: when I was at Xiapi I noticed a trench more than a zhang deep in the southwest corner—fill it at once." The commander did as he was told and filled it in. Yue Fei had indeed planned to mine in there; finding it blocked, he broke off the attempt. Ang marched in relief; Yue Fei then withdrew.
27
在東平七年，改益都尹，遷東北路招討使，改崇義軍節度使，遷會寧牧。 天德初，改安武軍節度使，遷元帥右都監，轉左監軍，授上京路移裏閔斡魯渾河世襲猛安。 海陵曰：「汝有大功，一猛安不足酬也。」 益以四謀克。 昂受親管謀克，餘三謀克讓其族兄弟。 拜樞密副使，轉太子少保，進樞密使、尚書左丞相。 昂怒族弟妻，去衣杖其脊，海陵聞之，杖昂五十。 久之，拜太尉，封沈國公。 進太保，判大宗正事，封楚國公，累進封莒、衛、齊，兼樞密使，太保如故。
After seven years at Dongping he became Administrator of Yidu, then Northeast Route Pacification Commissioner, Military Commissioner of the Chongyi Army, and finally Pastoral Lord of Huining. At the opening of Tiande he was made Military Commissioner of the Anwu Army, then Right Overseer under the marshal, then Left Army Supervisor, and granted the hereditary meng'an of Yili Min Walu Hunhe on the Shangjing circuit. Hailing said, "Your service has been great—a single meng'an is too small a reward." He added four meng'an companies to the grant. Ang kept the meng'an under his direct command and gave the other three to kinsmen. He was made Vice Commissioner of the Privy Council, then Junior Mentor of the Heir Apparent, then Privy Council Commissioner and Left Grand Councilor. In a rage at a kinsman's wife, Ang had her stripped and beaten. Hailing heard of it and had Ang flogged fifty strokes. In time he was made Grand Commandant and enfeoffed Duke of Shen. He rose to Grand Guardian and chief of the Imperial Clan Office, was enfeoffed Duke of Chu, and was promoted through the dukedoms of Ju, Wei, and Qi while retaining Grand Guardian and the post of Privy Council Commissioner.
28
海陵南伐，分諸路軍為三十二總管，分隸左右領軍大都督府，遂以昂為左領軍大都督。 海陵築台于江上，召昂及右領軍副大都督蒲盧渾謂之曰：「舟楫已具，可以濟矣。」 蒲盧渾曰：「舟小不可濟。」 海陵怒，詔昂與蒲盧渾明日先濟。 昂懼，欲亡去。 抵暮，海陵遣人止之曰：「前言一時之怒耳。」 既而至揚州，軍變，海陵死。
On Hailing's southern campaign the route armies were organized into thirty-two overall commands under the Left and Right Leading Army Grand Headquarters; Ang was made Grand Commander of the Left. Hailing built a platform on the river and summoned Ang and Puluhun, deputy grand commander of the right leading army. "The fleet is ready," he said. "We can cross." Puluhun replied, "The boats are too small to cross." Hailing flew into a rage and ordered Ang and Puluhun to cross first the next day. Ang was terrified and thought of fleeing. At dusk Hailing sent word to stay him: "That was only a passing fit of anger." When they reached Yangzhou the army mutinied and Hailing was killed.
29
昂在海陵時，縱飲沉酣，輒數日不醒。 海陵聞之，常面戒不令飲。 得閒輒飲如故。 大定初，還自揚州，妻子為置酒私第，未數行，輒臥不飲。 其妻大氏，海陵庶人從母姊也，怪而問之。 昂曰：「吾本非嗜酒者，但向時不以酒自晦，則汝弟殺我久矣。 今遇遭明時，正當自愛，是以不飲。」 聞者稱之。 睦于兄弟，尤善施予，其親族有貧困者，必厚給之。 至於茵帳、衣衾、器皿、僕馬之屬，常預設於家。 即命駕相就，為具，歡樂終日，盡以遺之，即日使富足。 人或以子孫計為言，答曰：「人各有命，但使其能自立爾，何至為子孫奴耶？」 君子以為達。
At Hailing's court Ang drank deeply for days on end. Hailing repeatedly forbade it to his face. At the first chance he drank as before. Early in Dading, home from Yangzhou, his wife poured wine in their private hall; after a few cups he lay down and refused more. His wife Lady Da—a cousin on the deposed emperor Hailing's mother's side—asked what had changed. Ang said, "I never loved wine for its own sake—but in those days, had I not drowned myself in it to seem harmless, your brother would have killed me long ago. Now we live in an enlightened age. It is time to guard myself—that is why I abstain." All who heard it praised his wisdom. He was devoted to his brothers and generous beyond measure; any needy kinsman he enriched without stint. Bedding, clothes, vessels, servants, and horses he kept ready at home. He would drive to their door, feast them through the day, and leave them everything—making them comfortable that same afternoon. When others urged him to think of his heirs, he answered, "Every man has his allotted span. Let them stand on their own feet—why make a slave of oneself for one's descendants?" The wise counted him a man of true breadth.
30
贊曰：撒離喝、溫敦思忠、奔睹皆有功舊臣，當天會、皇統之際，戰勝攻取，可謂壯哉。 及海陵之世，崎嶇嫌忌，撒離喝既自以言致疑，猶與大抃辨爭軍事，何見幾之不早也。 烏林答贊謨廉直自奮，思忠擠之於死，自謂固結海陵，堅若金石，豈意執議不合而遽棄耶。 始之不以道，未有能終者也。 且思忠之最可罪者，構害贊謨，又納其室而敓其貲，此何異於殺越人於貨者乎！ 陰報不在其身，在其子孫，亦已晚矣。 正隆之末，奔睹位三公，居上將，內不肯與謀，外不肯與戰，逼側趑趄，苟免自全，大臣之道，固若是乎？
Praise: Saliha, Wendun Sizhong, and Bendu were veterans who had earned their place. Through the Tianhui and Huangtong eras their victories were magnificent to behold. Under Hailing, suspicion bred danger. Saliha had already invited distrust by his plain speaking, yet still wrangled with Dabian over military matters—how late he was to read the danger! Ulin Da Zanmo was upright and self-reliant; Sizhong drove him to his death. Sizhong believed his bond with Hailing firm as iron—yet when their counsel parted, he was cast aside overnight. What begins unjustly never ends well. Sizhong's worst crime was framing Zanmo, taking his wife, and seizing his fortune—is that not murder for profit? Heaven's vengeance skipped his person but found his descendants—though even that came late. At the end of Zhenglong, Bendu ranked among the Three Dukes and held supreme command—yet within he would not counsel, without he would not fight. Cringing and hesitating, he saved only himself. Is that the way of a great minister?
31
高楨，遼陽渤海人。 五世祖牟翰仕遼，官至太師。 楨少好學，嘗業進士。 斡魯討高永昌，已下沈州，永昌懼，偽送款以緩師。 是時，楨母在沈州，遂來降，告以永昌降款非誠，斡魯乃進攻。 既破永昌，遂以楨同知東京留守事，授猛安。 天會六年，遷尚書左僕射，判廣甯尹，加太子太傅。 在鎮八年，政令清肅，吏畏而人安之。 十五年，加太子太師，提點河北西路錢帛事。 天眷初，同簽會寧牧。 及熙宗幸燕，兼同知留守，封戴國公，改同知燕京留守。 魏王道濟出守中京，以楨為同判，俄改行台平章政事，為西京留守，封任國公。
Gao Zhen was a Bohai man of Liaoyang. His fifth-generation ancestor Mouhan had served the Liao and risen to Grand Preceptor. Zhen loved learning from youth and once pursued the jinshi examinations. When Walu marched against Gao Yongchang and had already taken Shenzhou, Yongchang feigned submission to slow the advance. Zhen's mother was in Shenzhou; she came over and warned that Yongchang's surrender was a ruse, and Walu resumed the assault. After Yongchang's defeat, Zhen was made associate administrator of the Eastern Capital garrison and granted a meng'an. In the sixth year of Tianhui he became Left Vice Director of the Ministry of Works and Administrator of Guangning, with the additional title Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent. Eight years in office brought clear, stern government—officials feared him and the people were secure. In the fifteenth year he was made Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent and put in charge of currency and cloth on the Hebei West Circuit. At the opening of Tianjuan he was appointed co-signatory Pastoral Lord of Huining. When Emperor Xizong visited Yan, Zhen became associate garrison administrator, was enfeoffed Duke of Dai, and was transferred to associate administrator of the Yanjing garrison. When Prince Wei Daoji took up the Central Capital, Zhen served as his associate administrator; soon he became grand councilor of the traveling secretariat, garrison commander of the Western Capital, and Duke of Ren.
32
是時，奚、嵆軍民皆南徙，謀克別術者因之嘯聚為盜。 海陵患之，即以楨為中京留守，命乘驛之官，責以平賊之期。 賊平，封河內郡王。 海陵至中京，楨警夜嚴肅。 有近侍馮僧家奴李街喜等皆得幸海陵，嘗夜飲幹禁，楨杖之瀕死，由是權貴皆震懾。 遷太子太保，行御史大夫，封莒王。 策拜司空，進封代王，太子太保、行御史大夫如故。
At that time Xi and Ji people had all moved south; the meng'an Bieshu gathered followers and turned bandit. Hailing appointed Zhen garrison commander of the Central Capital, ordered him to take post by relay horse, and set a deadline to crush the bandits. When the bandits were crushed, he was enfeoffed Prince of Henei Commandery. When Hailing reached the Central Capital, Zhen kept the night watches in strict order. Attendants such as Feng Seng's slave Li Jiexi had won Hailing's favor. When they broke the night curfew to drink, Zhen beat them nearly to death—and from that day the mighty trembled before him. He was made Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent and acting Censor-in-Chief, and enfeoffed Prince of Ju. An edict made him Minister of Works and raised his fief to Prince of Dai; he kept his titles as Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent and acting Censor-in-Chief.
33
楨久在台，彈劾無所避，每進對，必以區別流品，進善退惡為言，當路者忌之。 薦張忠輔、馬諷為中丞，二人皆險詖深刻，欲令以事中楨。 正隆例封冀國公，楨因固辭曰：「臣為眾小所嫉，恐不能免，尚可受封爵耶？」 海陵知其忠直，慰而遣之。 及疾革，書空獨語曰：「某事未決，某事未奏，死有餘恨。」 薨，年六十九。 海陵悼惜之，遣使致奠，賻贈加等。
Zhen had long held office in the Censorate and impeached without fear. In every audience he urged the king to sort men by rank and promote virtue while casting out vice—and those in power came to hate him. They pushed Zhang Zhongfu and Ma Feng for vice censor—both vicious men, sharp with slander—hoping they would find a way to ruin Zhen. Under the Zhenglong precedent he was offered Duke of Ji. Zhen refused firmly: "Petty foes already hate me—I may not escape their malice. How can I accept a title?" Hailing knew him upright and true, comforted him, and let the matter drop. When his illness turned grave, he traced words in the air and muttered alone: "This is unsettled, that unreported—I shall die with work undone." He died at sixty-nine. Hailing mourned him, sent offerings, and enriched the funeral honors.
34
楨性方嚴，家居無聲伎之奉。 雖甚暑，未嘗解衣緩帶。 對妻孥危坐終日，不一談笑，其簡默如此。
Zhen was stern and upright; he kept no musicians or dancers at home. Even in sweltering heat he never loosened his belt or laid aside his robe. Before wife and children he sat bolt upright all day, never laughing or chatting—so spare and silent was he.
35
白彥敬
Bai Yanjing
36
白彥敬，本名遙設，部羅火部族人。 初名彥恭，避顯宗諱，改焉。 祖屋僕根。 父阿斯，仕遼為率府率。 彥敬善騎射，起家為吏，補元帥府令史。 伐宋，為錢帛司都管勾。 立三省，選為尚書省令史，除都元帥府知事。 招諭諸部，授以金牌，行數千里，有功，超遷兵部郎中。 熙宗罷統軍司改招討司，遣彥敬分僚屬改牌印，諭諸部隸招討司。 還為本部侍郎，遷大理卿，出為通州防禦使，改刑部侍郎。 怨家告誣開府慎思與西北路部族謀叛，彥敬鞫得其實，海陵嘉之。 遷簽書樞密院事，以便宜措置邊防。
Bai Yanjing, born Yaoshe, belonged to the Burahuo tribe. He had first been named Yangong and changed it to avoid Emperor Xizong's taboo. His grandfather was Wupugen. His father Asi had served the Liao as commandant of the palace guard. Yanjing excelled at riding and archery. He entered service as a clerk and was appointed recorder in the marshalate. In the war on Song he became chief steward of the bureau of cash and cloth. When the Three Departments were set up he was chosen recorder of the Department of State Affairs and made manager of the grand marshalate. Sent to win over the tribes with gold credentials, he rode thousands of li and won merit; he was promoted ahead of schedule to director in the bureau of military affairs. When Emperor Xizong replaced military commissions with pacification commissions, he sent Yanjing to reassign staffs, reissue seals, and bring the tribes under the new offices. He returned as vice director of his ministry, became chief judge of judicial review, served as defense commissioner of Tongzhou, and was transferred to vice director of the ministry of justice. A personal enemy falsely accused Kaifu Shensi of plotting with Northwest Route tribes; Yanjing investigated, exposed the lie, and won Hailing's praise. He was made signing officer of the bureau of military affairs and empowered to settle frontier affairs as he saw fit.
37
正隆六年，調諸路兵伐宋，及調民馬，使彥敬主會甯、蒲與、胡裏改三路事。 改吏部尚書，充南征萬戶，遷樞密副使。 契丹撒八反，樞密使僕散忽土等以無功坐誅，以彥敬為北面行營都統，與副統紇石烈志寧以便宜往，賜禦服皮襖。 行至北京，聞南征諸軍逃歸者皆奔東京，欲推戴世宗。 彥敬與志甯謀，陰結會甯尹完顏蒲速賚、利涉軍節度使獨吉義以圖之。
In Zhenglong 6, when levies went out for war on Song and horses were requisitioned, Yanjing oversaw the Ning, Puyu, and Huligai circuits. He became director of the ministry of personnel, a southern-campaign wanhu, and vice commissioner of military affairs. When the Khitan Saba rose, Commissioner Pusan Hutu and others were executed for failure. Yanjing was named northern-route field commander; he and Vice Commander Hesheli Zhining marched with full discretion, each given an imperial fur coat. At Beijing they learned that deserters from the southern armies had gathered at the Eastern Capital to proclaim Shizong. Yanjing and Zhining plotted in secret, winning Huining intendant Wanyan Pusai and Lishes Army commissioner Duji Yi to their cause.
38
世宗已即位，使石抹移迭、移剌曷補等九人招彥敬、志寧。 彥敬拒之，使移迭跪。 移迭不屈，皆殺之。 及完顏謀衍將兵攻北京，彥敬使偏將率兵拒於建州之境，而獨吉義先歸世宗，蒲速賚稱疾不至。 世宗密遣人乘夜揭榜於北京市，購以官賞。 彥敬、志甯恐為人圖己，遂降。 以為曷速館節度使。 不數月，召為御史大夫。
Shizong, already enthroned, sent nine envoys—among them Shim Tan Yidie and Yelü Hebu—to win Yanjing and Zhining over. Yanjing refused and ordered Yidie to kneel. When Yidie would not yield, Yanjing had them all killed. When Wanyan Mouyan marched on Beijing, Yanjing sent a lieutenant to block him at Jianzhou—but Duji Yi had already joined Shizong, and Pusai pleaded illness and never came. Shizong secretly posted night proclamations in the Beijing market, promising office and reward. Fearing betrayal, Yanjing and Zhining surrendered. Yanjing was made commissioner of Yisuguan. Within months he was recalled as censor-in-chief.
39
窩斡忄栗帝號。 諸軍馬瘦弱，遣彥敬往西北路招討司市馬，得六千餘匹。 窩斡敗，西走山后。 完顏思敬以新馬三千備追襲。 彥敬屯于夏國兩界間。 窩斡平，召還為兵部尚書，出為鳳翔尹，改太原尹，兼河北東路兵馬總管，尋改河中尹。 大定九年，卒於官。
Wohe declared himself emperor. The army's horses were failing; Yanjing was sent to the Northwest Route pacification commission to buy mounts and returned with more than six thousand. Defeated, Wohe fled west into the northern hills. Wanyan Sijin readied three thousand fresh horses for the pursuit. Yanjing camped on the borderlands between Jin and Xia. After Wohe's defeat he returned as director of the bureau of military affairs, served as intendant of Fengxiang and then Taiyuan, commanded Hebei East Route forces, and soon became intendant of Hezhong. In Dading 9 he died in office.
40
張景仁
Zhang Jingren
41
張景仁，字壽甫，遼西人。 累官翰林待制。 貞元二年，與翟永固俱試禮部進士，以「尊祖配天」為賦題，忤海陵旨，語在永固傳。 大定二年，僕散忠義伐宋，景仁掌其文辭。 宋人議和，朝廷已改奉表為國書，稱臣為侄，但不肯世稱侄國。 往復凡七書，然後定，其書皆景仁為之。 世宗稱其能，嘗曰：「今之文章，如張景仁與宋人往復書，指事達意，辨而裁，真能文之士也。」 五年，罷兵，入為翰林直學士。 七年，遷侍講。 八年，為詳讀官。 宋國書中有「寶鄰」字，景仁奏「鄰」字太涉平易。 上問累年國書有「鄰」字否，命一一校勘。 六年書中亦有之，上責問六年詳讀官劉仲淵，右丞石琚亦請罪曰：「臣嘗預六年詳讀。」 上曰：「此有司之過，安得一一責宰臣邪？」 詔有司就諭宋臣王瀹，使歸告其主，後日國書不得複爾。 仲淵時為禮部侍郎，降石州刺史，景仁遷翰林學士兼同修國史。
Zhang Jingren, courtesy name Shoufu, came from Liaoxi. He rose through service to Hanlin attendant drafter. In Zhenyuan 2 he and Zhai Yonggu took the jinshi examination with the topic "Honoring the Ancestor, Pairing Him with Heaven"; they offended Hailing—the story is told in Yonggu's biography. In Dading 2, when Pusan Zhongyi warred on Song, Jingren drafted the correspondence. In peace talks the court had replaced tribute memorials with state letters, accepting the name "nephew" to Jin's "uncle"—but would not be forever called a nephew state. Seven letters went back and forth before terms were set—all in Jingren's hand. Shizong praised him: "Writers today? Look at Zhang Jingren's letters to Song—clear, precise, discriminating. That is real literary craft." In the fifth year peace came; he entered court as Hanlin direct academician. In the seventh year he became court lecturer. In the eighth year he became a detailed-reading officer. A Song letter used the phrase "precious neighbor"; Jingren protested that "neighbor" was too plain a word. The emperor asked whether earlier state letters had used that word and ordered a line-by-line review. The sixth-year letter contained it too. The emperor rebuked Liu Zhongyuan, who had read that year; Vice Director Shi Ju also asked punishment: "I took part in that reading." The emperor said: "That is the clerks' fault—why blame every minister?" An edict told the offices to inform Song minister Wang Yue: report to your sovereign that such wording must not appear again. Zhongyuan, then vice director of rites, was demoted to prefect of Shizhou; Jingren became Hanlin academician and co-compiler of the national history.
42
久之，上召景仁讀陳言文字。 上問「事款幾何？」 景仁率易，少周密，對曰：「二十餘事。」 複曰：「其中如某事某事十事可行，餘皆無謂也。」 明日，上召景仁責之曰：「卿昨言可行者，朕觀之，中複有不可行者。 卿謂無謂者，中亦有可行者。 朕未嘗使卿分別可否，卿輒專可否，何也？ 自今戒之。」 十年，兼太常卿，學士、同修國史如故。 轉承旨，兼修國史。 改河南尹。 二十一年，召為御史大夫，仍兼承旨、修國史。
Later the emperor had Jingren read submitted memorials aloud. The emperor asked: "How many items?" Jingren, careless and loose, answered: "More than twenty." He added: "Ten or so are workable; the rest are worthless." Next day the emperor rebuked him: "Yesterday you called some items workable—I find some cannot be done. And items you dismissed also contain workable proposals. I never asked you to judge them—why did you decide on your own? See that you do not again." In the tenth year he also became director of imperial sacrifices, keeping his posts as academician and co-compiler. He became expositor and was charged with compiling the national history. He was made intendant of Henan. In the twenty-first year he was recalled as censor-in-chief, still expositor and history compiler.
43
世宗謂景仁曰：「卿博學老儒，求如古之御史大夫，然後行之，期為稱矣。 不能如古之人，眾人不獨誚卿，亦謂朕不能知人。 卿醉中頗輕脫失言，當以酒為戒。」 初，朝臣言景仁有文藝而頗率易，不可任台察。 景仁被詔，就台中治監察罪，輒以便服視決罰。 上聞之，責景仁曰：「朕初用卿為大夫，或言卿不可居此官，今果不用故事，率易如此。 卿自慎，不然黜罰及矣！」 景仁頓首謝。
Shizong told Jingren: "You are a learned elder. Be the censor-in-chief of antiquity—then the office will suit you. Fall short of that, and men will blame not only you but my judgment as well. Drunk, you are loose with your tongue—let wine be your warning." At first courtiers had said Jingren was talented but too casual for the censorate. After his appointment he tried censorial cases at the yamen and watched punishments in ordinary dress. The emperor rebuked him: "When I named you censor-in-chief, some warned you were unfit—and now you ignore precedent and dress like this. Guard yourself—or demotion will follow!" Jingren kowtowed in apology.
44
未幾，詔葬元妃李氏于海王莊。 平章政事烏古論元忠提控葬事，都水監丞高杲壽治道路不如式，元忠不奏，決之四十。 景仁劾奏元忠輒斷六品官，無人臣禮。 上曰：「卿劾奏甚當。」 使左宣徽使蒲察鼎壽傳詔戒敕元忠曰：「監丞六品，有罪聞奏，今乃一切趨辦，擅決六品官，法當如是耶？ 禦史在尊朝廷，汝當自咎，勿複再！」 元忠尚豫國公主，怙寵自任，倨慢朝士。 景仁劾之，朝廷肅然。 是歲，薨。
Soon an edict ordered Consort Li buried at Prince of the Sea's Villa. Grand Councilor Wugulun Yuanzhong oversaw the burial. Assistant director Gao Gaoshou's roadwork fell short of standard; Yuanzhong did not report it but had him beaten forty strokes. Jingren impeached Yuanzhong for beating a sixth-rank official without proper procedure—a minister's disregard of court form. The emperor said: "Your impeachment is just." He sent Commissioner Pucha Dingshou to admonish Yuanzhong: "A sixth-rank official who offends should be reported. You rushed the work and took punishment into your own hands—is that the law? The censor exists to uphold the court. Blame yourself—and do not repeat this." Yuanzhong had married the Princess of Yugu; pampered by favor, he was haughty toward his colleagues. Jingren impeached him again, and the court fell silent with respect. That year he died.
45
贊曰：高楨以舊勞為御史大夫，剛明自任，繩治無所避，幾不免於怨憎之荼毒。 直己而行，自古難之。 白彥敬不受大定之詔而世宗賢之。 向使久在此位，其深謀讜論，必有竦動人者。 張景仁儒者之勇，廷論元忠，正矣。
The appraisal says: Gao Zhen won the censorate through long service—upright, self-possessed, punishing without fear—and barely escaped the poison of resentment. To walk straight by one's own light has always been hard. Bai Yanjing first refused Shizong's summons, yet the emperor held him worthy. Had he kept the post longer, his counsel would surely have moved the realm. Zhang Jingren had a scholar's courage—his attack on Yuanzhong in open court was right.