1
完顏撒改
Wanyan Sagai
2
完顏撒改，上京納魯渾河人也，其先居於兀冷窟河。 身長多力，善用槍。 王師南征，睿宗為右副元帥，置之麾下，佩以金牌，使督軍事。 天眷元年，授本班祗候郎君詳穩。 其後從軍泰州路，軍帥以撒改為萬戶，領銀朮可等猛安，戍北邊，數有戰功。 天德二年正月，海陵庶人遣使夏國，諭以即位事，因令伺彼之意。 既還，稱旨，為尚書兵部郎中。 改同知會甯尹，遷迭剌部族節度使，改甌裏本群牧使，為曷懶路都總管。 海陵伐宋，授衛州防禦使，為武震軍都總管。 世宗即位，遣使召撒改，既至，除昌武軍節度使。 已而為山東路元帥副都統，改安化軍節度使，兼副都統如故。 四年，徙鎮安武，仍兼副統。 領山東、大名、東平三路軍八萬餘渡淮，會大軍伐宋。 進至楚州，宋遣使奉歲幣。 還邳州，卒。
Wanyan Sagai was from the Naruhun River region of Shangjing; his forebears had lived along the Ulengku River. Tall and powerfully built, he was an expert spearman. During the southern campaign, Prince Rui held the post of deputy commander on the right; Sagai was assigned to his staff, given a gold command tablet, and put in charge of military operations. In the first year of Tianjuan, he was made xiangwen of the Benban Palace Attendant Corps. He later campaigned on the Taizhou Route, where the commander appointed him wanhu in command of the Yinzhuke meng'an and others to guard the northern frontier, winning distinction in battle again and again. In the first month of Tiande 2, the deposed Emperor Hailing sent envoys to Western Xia to announce his enthronement and to sound out their reaction. On his return the mission met with approval, and he was appointed a director in the Ministry of War. He then served as vice prefect of Huining, became military commissioner of the Diela tribes, was reassigned to oversee the Ouliben pasturages, and finally was made chief commander of the Yilan Route. During Hailing's campaign against Song, he was made defender of Weizhou and chief commander of the Wuzhen Army. After Shizong came to the throne, he summoned Sagai to court and appointed him military commissioner of the Changwu Army. He was soon named deputy commander-in-chief on the Shandong Route, then military commissioner of the Anhua Army while keeping his deputy command. In the fourth year he was shifted to Anwu, retaining his post as deputy commander. He led over eighty thousand men from the Shandong, Daming, and Dongping commands across the Huai to unite with the main force against Song. When the army reached Chuzhou, Song dispatched envoys with the annual tribute payment. He died on his return to Pizhou.
3
龐迪，字仲由，延安人。 少倜儻，喜讀兵書，習騎射，學推步孤虛之術，無所效用。 應募，隸涇原路第三副將，破賊有功，授保義郎。 嘗從百餘騎經行山谷，遇夏人數千，眾皆駭懼請避，迪遂躍馬犯陣，敵皆披靡，身被重創，神色自若，完軍以還。 自是知名，擢為正將，權發遣涇原路兵馬都監。
Pang Di, whose style was Zhongyou, came from Yan'an. As a young man he was bold and unconventional, fond of military treatises and horsemanship; he also studied astrology and divination, though these skills never served him. He enlisted and served under the third deputy commander on the Jingyuan Route; after distinguished service against bandits he received the rank of Gentleman for Preserving Righteousness. Once, riding through a mountain pass with a little over a hundred men, he met several thousand Western Xia troops. His companions panicked and urged retreat, but Di charged straight into the enemy line. The Xia ranks broke before him. Though badly wounded, he kept his composure and brought every man back safely. His fame dates from that day. He was promoted to chief commander and given acting charge of all Jingyuan military affairs.
4
齊國建，涇原路經略使張中孚舉迪權知懷德軍，兼沿邊安撫使。 夏人合軍五萬薄懷德城，迪開門待之，夏人不敢入。 因以數千騎分門突出，遂破之，斬首五百級，獲軍資羊馬甚眾。 複破關師古兵，擢知涇州。 未到官，改知鎮戎軍、沿邊安撫使。 已而權淮南東路馬步軍副總管，總制沂、密、淮陽，兼權知沂州。 丁父憂，去官。 尋起複為環慶路兵馬都鈐轄，權知邠州。 齊國廢，改華州防禦使。 頃之，軍變，被執入山。 已而賊眾悔曰：「公為政素善，豈宜劫辱。」 遂縱之還，複領州事。
After the puppet Qi regime was set up, Zhang Zhongfu, commissioner of the Jingyuan Route, had Di appointed acting prefect of Huaide and frontier pacification commissioner. Western Xia massed fifty thousand men against Huaide. Di threw open the gates as if inviting them in, and the Xia army did not dare enter. He then sent several thousand cavalry out through different gates, routed the enemy, took five hundred heads, and seized vast stores of supplies, sheep, and horses. He defeated Guan Shigu's army as well and was promoted to prefect of Jingzhou. Before he could take office, he was reassigned as prefect of Zhenrong and frontier pacification commissioner. He was soon named acting deputy commander of Huainan East cavalry and infantry, with authority over Yi, Mi, and Huaiyang, and acting prefect of Yizhou. When his father died, he resigned to observe mourning. He was soon recalled as director of Huanqing military affairs and acting prefect of Binzhou. After the Qi regime was abolished, he became defender of Huazhou. Before long a mutiny erupted, and the rebels seized him and carried him into the hills. The mutineers soon repented. "You have always governed us well," they said. "How can we hold you captive and dishonor you?" So they let him go, and he resumed his duties as prefect.
5
海陵南伐，征斂煩急，官吏因緣為奸，富者用賄以免，貧者破產益困。 迪悉召民使共議增減，不加威督而役力均，人情大悅。 五年，徙汾陽軍節度使。 大定初，複為臨洮尹，遷南京路都轉運使，以省事惜費，安靜為政，河南稱之。 徙絳陽軍節度使。 卒官，年七十。
During Hailing's southern campaign, requisitions grew crushing. Officials abused their power: the rich bought their way out with bribes, while the poor were ruined and driven still deeper into want. Di called the people together to decide what levies to raise or cut. He imposed no harsh coercion, yet labor burdens were fairly shared, and the populace was deeply gratified. In the fifth year he was transferred to military commissioner of the Fenyang Army. Early in the Dading era he again served as prefect of Lintao, then became chief transport commissioner on the Nanjing Route. He streamlined administration, cut waste, and governed without fuss; all Henan spoke well of him. He was then made military commissioner of the Jiangyang Army. He died in office at seventy.
6
迪性純孝，父病，醫藥弗效，迪仰天泣禱，刲股作羹，由是獲安。 昆弟析家財，迪盡以與之，一無所取。 官爵之廕，率先諸侄。 疾革，沐浴朝服而逝。
Di was profoundly filial. When his father fell gravely ill and medicine failed, he wept and prayed heavenward, cut flesh from his own thigh to make a broth, and his father recovered. When his brothers divided the family estate, he gave them everything and kept nothing. Whenever hereditary privileges of rank came due, he gave precedence to his nephews over his own children. As death approached, he bathed, dressed in his court robes, and died.
7
溫蒂罕移室懣
Wendihanyishimen
8
溫蒂罕移室懣，速頻屯懣歡春人，徙上京忽論失懶。 兄朮輦，國初有功，授世襲謀克。 移室懣性忠正強毅，善騎射，膂力過人。 皇統初，襲其兄謀克，積戰功，為洮州刺史。 謂人曰：「謀克，兄職也。 兄子斡魯古今已長矣。」 遂以謀克讓還兄子。 宗弼聞而嘉之曰：「能讓世襲，可謂難矣。」 除貴德州刺史，改移典颭詳穩，遷烏古裏部族節度使，改德昌軍。 正隆四年，大徵兵南伐，泰州猛安定遠阿補以所部叛還，移室懣以七謀克執定遠阿補，勒其眾付大軍。 契丹反，敗會甯六猛安於締母嶺，屯于信、韓二州之境。 移室懣率數千人殺賊萬余于伊改河，以功遷臨潢尹。 世宗即位，賜手詔曰：「南征諸路將士及卿子侄安遠、斡魯古、斜普兄弟，具甲仗悉來推戴，朕勉即大位。 卿累世有功耆舊之臣，緣邊事未寧，臨潢劇任，姑仍舊職。 聞樞密副使白彥敬、南京留守紇石烈志寧來討契丹，今已遣人往招之。 其家皆在南京，恐或遁去，兼起異謀，若至則已，若不至，卿當以計執而獻之。 兩次遣人招誘招討都監老和尚，去人不知彼之所在，久而不還。 兼老和尚不知朕已即位，卿可使人諭以朕意。 如來降，悉令復舊，邊關之事，可設耳目。」 是時窩斡已反，領兵數萬來攻臨潢，諸路軍未至，窩斡勢益大。 移室懣領城中軍士六百人邀擊窩斡，凡數接戰，剿殺甚眾，所乘馬中流矢而僕，為賊所執。 賊使移室懣招城中人曰：「爾生死在頃刻，能使城中出降，官爵如故； 不然殺汝矣。」 移室懣怒駡賊曰：「我受國家爵祿，肯從汝叛賊乎？」 賊執之至城中，迫脅之使招城中。 其妻子官屬將士皆登城臨望。 移室懣厲聲曰：「我恨軍少不能滅賊。 人生會有一死耳，汝輩慎勿降賊！ 一旦開門納賊，城中百姓皆被殺掠，毋以我故敗國家事，賊無能為也。」 賊怒殺之。 城中人皆為之感激，推官麻珪益繕完城郭，右監軍神土懣、輔國上將軍阿思懣乘城固守。 賊不克攻，遂引眾東行。
Wendihanyishimen came from Huanchun in the Supin district; his clan later moved to Hulunshilan in Shangjing. His elder brother Zhunian had won distinction in the founding wars and received a hereditary meng'an commission. Yishimen was loyal, upright, and unyielding, a fine horseman and archer whose raw strength surpassed ordinary men. Early in Huangtong he inherited his brother's meng'an post, won repeated honors in battle, and was made prefect of Taozhou. He told others, "The meng'an belonged to my brother. His son Wolugu is grown now." He therefore restored the meng'an to his nephew. Zongbi heard of it and commended him: "To surrender a hereditary commission—that is no small thing." He was appointed prefect of Guide, then xiangwen of the Yidianfeng office, then military commissioner of the Wuguli tribes, and finally commander of the Dechang Army. In Zhenglong 4, during the mass mobilization for the southern war, Andingyuan Abu of the Taizhou meng'an rebelled and marched home. Yishimen took seven meng'an units, captured Abu, and handed his men over to the main force. When the Khitan rose in revolt, they routed six Huining meng'an at Dimuling and camped along the frontiers of Xin and Han. Yishimen led several thousand men and killed more than ten thousand rebels on the Yigai River. For this feat he was made prefect of Linhuang. When Shizong came to the throne, he sent a personal edict: "The officers and men of the southern routes, together with your sons and nephews Anyuan, Wolugu, and the Xiepu brothers, all came in full armor to press the crown upon me. I have accepted the throne only with reluctance. You are a veteran of many generations' service. Because the frontier is still unsettled and Linhuang is a post of the first importance, you are for now to keep your present office. I hear that Vice Director Bai Yanjing and Nanjing governor Heshilie Zhining are marching against the Khitan. I have already sent envoys to summon them. Their families are all in Nanjing, and I fear they may flee or hatch some other plot. If they come, so be it; if they do not, you must find a way to seize them and deliver them to me. Twice I have sent men to summon the pacification commissioner known as Old Monk; the envoys could not find him and were long overdue. Old Monk may not yet know that I have taken the throne. Send someone to make my intentions clear to him. If he submits, restore all his former privileges. On frontier matters, establish whatever intelligence network you need." By then Wowo had already risen in revolt and was marching on Linhuang at the head of tens of thousands. Relief columns from other routes had not yet arrived, and Wowo's strength was growing daily. Yishimen led six hundred garrison troops out to intercept Wowo. After several sharp engagements he had killed a great many rebels, but his horse was struck by a stray arrow and fell, and the rebels seized him. The rebels forced Yishimen to call to the city: "Your lives hang by a thread. If you surrender, your offices and ranks will stand as before; otherwise we will kill you all." Yishimen cursed them in fury: "I have received rank and stipend from the state—do you think I would join you rebel dogs?" The rebels dragged him to the walls and tried to force him to call for surrender. His wife, children, officials, and soldiers climbed the battlements to watch. Yishimen shouted in a voice that carried across the walls: "I regret only that our force was too small to destroy these rebels. Every man must die once—see that none of you surrenders to these bandits! If you open the gates to them, every soul in this city will be slaughtered and plundered. Do not ruin the state's cause on my account—these rebels cannot prevail." The rebels killed him in a rage. The garrison was deeply moved. Judicial officer Ma Gui redoubled the repairs to walls and towers; Right Military Supervisor Shen Tumen and Assistant State-supporting General Asimen manned the defenses and held fast. Unable to storm the city, the rebels marched east with their army.
9
神土懣
Shen Tumen
10
神土懣，本諸宗室，贈銀青光祿大夫胡速魯改子也。 年十五，事太宗為左奉宸。 皇統二年，充護衛，除武器署丞，累官肇州防禦使。 大定初，除元帥右都監，與咸平尹吾紮忽率泰州兵及曷懶路兵千五百人，會臨潢尹移室懣討契丹。 契丹犯臨潢，移室懣死，攻之不能克，乃引眾東行。 神土懣表乞濟師。 十二月甲辰，世宗次海濱縣，得奏，上曰：「神土懣、吾紮忽軍不少，可以從長攻襲矣。」 會右副元帥謀衍以大軍至，神土懣改曷速館節度使，隸右翼，與紇石烈志甯敗賊於長濼，戰霿𩃭河，皆有功，改婆速路兵馬都總管，卒。
Shen Tumen was of the imperial clan by birth, the son of Husulugai, who had been posthumously granted the rank of Silver-Gleaming Grand Master of Splendid Happiness. At fifteen he entered service under Emperor Taizong as a left palace attendant. In Huangtong 2 he joined the Guard Corps, became vice director of the weapons office, and rose through successive posts to defender of Zhaozhou. Early in Dading he was appointed right director on the commander-in-chief's staff. With Xianping prefect Wuzhahu he led Taizhou troops and fifteen hundred men from the Yilan Route to join Linhuang prefect Yishimen against the Khitan rebels. The Khitan attacked Linhuang. Yishimen was killed in the fighting. Unable to take the city, the rebels marched east. Shen Tumen memorialized the throne asking for reinforcements. On the jiachen day of the twelfth month, Shizong was encamped at Haibin County. When the memorial arrived, he said, "Shen Tumen and Wuzhahu have enough men now to pursue a sustained campaign of attack and harassment." When Deputy Commander Mouyan arrived with the main army, Shen Tumen was made military commissioner of Yasuguan and assigned to the right wing. With Heshilie Zhining he routed the rebels at Changpo and again at the Menglu River, winning distinction in both battles. He was then appointed chief commander of Basu military affairs and later died.
11
移剌成
Yila Cheng
12
移剌成，本名落兀，其先遼橫帳人也。 沉勇有謀，通契丹、漢字。 天會間，隸撻懶下為行軍猛安，與宋人戰于楚、泗之間，成以所部先登，大破宋軍，功最諸將。 劉麟約會天長軍議進止。 成與夾古查合你俱為撻懶前鋒，得宋生口為鄉導，遂達天長，睿宗嘉之。 後從宗弼將兵廢齊國。 及再伐宋，攻濠州，每戰輒先登，多所摧破。 宗弼再取河南，成及蕭懷忠等八猛安先渡。 河南平，第功授宣武將軍，除威州刺史。 用廉，擢同知延安尹，再遷昭義軍節度使。 正隆南伐，為武毅軍都總管。 撒八反，海陵以事誅契丹名將，成以本軍守磁，即遣妻子還汴。 海陵用是不疑。 時人高其有識。 改神武軍都總管，與孛朮魯定方為浙東道先鋒，使由淮陰進兵。 以所部護糧赴揚州，敵兵乘夜來攻，成整兵奮擊，斬刈甚眾。 會海陵庶人死，軍還，複鎮昭義。 大定二年，以廉在優等，改河中尹。 再除臨洮尹，招降喬家等族首領結什角。 遷南京留守，召拜樞密副使，封任國公。 改北京留守。 卒。 訃聞，上悼惜之，授其子順思阿不武功將軍，世襲咸平路鈔赤鄰猛安下查不魯謀克。
Yila Cheng, whose original name was Luowu, came from the Liao imperial clan's Horizontal Account line. Steadfast and resourceful, he was literate in both Khitan and Chinese. During the Tianhui era he served under Tawan as a campaign meng'an commander. Fighting Song forces between Chu and Si, Cheng's unit was first over the wall, routed the Song army, and his merit outshone every other commander. Liu Lin arranged a conference with the Tianchang garrison to decide the next move. Cheng and Jiagu Zhaheni both led Tawan's vanguard. They took a Song prisoner as guide and reached Tianchang; Prince Rui praised their achievement. He later followed Zongbi in the campaign that abolished the Qi puppet regime. In the second campaign against Song, assaulting Haozhou, he was first over the wall in battle after battle and broke enemy defenses wherever he fought. When Zongbi reconquered Henan, Cheng and Xiao Huaizhong led eight meng'an units across the river in the van. After Henan was pacified, his merit was ranked and he received the rank of Xuanwu General and the prefecture of Wei. Passed in an integrity review, he was promoted to vice prefect of Yan'an and later to military commissioner of the Zhaoyi Army. During the Zhenglong southern campaign he served as chief commander of the Wuyi Army. When Saba rebelled, Hailing used the occasion to execute prominent Khitan generals. Cheng held Ci with his own troops and at once sent his family back to Bianjing. Hailing therefore never doubted his loyalty. Contemporaries admired his foresight. He was made chief commander of the Shenwu Army and, with Beipailu Dingfang, led the Zhedong vanguard advancing from Huaiyin. While escorting grain to Yangzhou with his troops, he was attacked at night by the enemy. Cheng formed his men and counterattacked fiercely, killing a great many. When the deposed Emperor Hailing died, the army withdrew, and Cheng again took command at Zhaoyi. In Dading 2 he ranked in the top grade on an integrity review and was appointed prefect of Hezhong. He was again appointed prefect of Lintao and won the submission of Jieshijiao, chief of the Qiao clan and allied tribes. He became Nanjing military governor, was summoned to court as vice director of the Secretariat, and enfeoffed as Duke of Renguo. He was then made military governor of Beijing. He died. When news of his death reached the throne, the emperor mourned him with deep regret. His son Shunsiabu received the rank of Wugong General and inherited the Chabulu meng'an post under the Chaochilin meng'an on the Xianping Route.
13
結什角者，西番既衰，其苗裔曰堇氈，其子曰巴氈。 角始附宋，賜姓趙，改名順忠。 順忠子永吉，永吉子世昌，皆受宋官，為左武大夫，遙領萊州防禦使，襲把羊族長。 朝廷定陝西，世昌換忠翊校尉。 既而鬼蘆族長京臧殺世昌，朝廷遣兵執京臧，斬之臨洮市，以世昌子鐵哥為把羊族都管。 大定四年，宋人破洮州，鐵哥弟結什角與其母走入喬家族避之。 喬家族首領播逋與鄰族木波隴逋、龐拜、丙離四族耆老大僧等立結什角為木波四族長，號曰「王子」。 其地北接洮州、積石軍。 其南隴逋族，南限大山，八百餘裏不通人行。 東南與疊州羌接。 其西丙離族，西與盧甘羌接。 其北龐拜族，與西夏容魯族接。 地高寒，無絲枲五穀，惟產青稞，與野菜合酥酪食之。 其疆境共八千里，合四萬餘戶。 其居隨水草畜牧，遷徙不常。 結什角念朝廷為其父報仇，欲棄四族歸朝，四族不許。 成至臨洮，使人招結什角，乃率四族來附，進馬百匹，仍請每年貢馬。 詔曰：「遠人慕義，朕甚嘉之。 其遣能吏往撫其眾，厚其賞賜。」
Jieshijiao came from the western tribes. After their power waned, one line descended through Jinzhan to his son Bazhan. Jieshijiao first submitted to Song, was granted the surname Zhao, and took the name Shunzhong. Shunzhong's son Yongji and Yongji's son Shichang all held Song offices as Left Martial Grand Master and nominal defender of Laizhou, and inherited leadership of the Bayang clan. After the court secured Shaanxi, Shichang was given the Jin rank of Zhongyi Xiaowei. Soon after, Jingzang, chief of the Guilu clan, killed Shichang. The court sent troops to seize Jingzang and executed him in the Lintao marketplace, appointing Shichang's son Tiege as overall chief of the Bayang clan. In Dading 4, when Song forces captured Taozhou, Tiege's younger brother Jieshijiao and his mother fled for refuge among the Qiao clan. Bobo, chief of the Qiao clan, together with the neighboring Mubo, Longbo, Pangbai, and Bingli tribes and their elders, including Daseng, installed Jieshijiao as chief of the four Mubo tribes and hailed him as "Prince." Their lands bordered Taozhou and the Jishi garrison to the north. To the south lay the Longbo tribe, beyond which great mountains stretched for more than eight hundred li without a passable trail. To the southeast they bordered the Qiang of Diezhou. To the west lay the Bingli tribe, beyond which lived the Qiang of Lugan. To the north lay the Pangbai tribe, bordering the Ronglu clan of Western Xia. The country was high and cold, without silk, hemp, or the five grains. Only barley grew there, eaten with wild greens and curds. Their territory stretched eight thousand li in all, with more than forty thousand households. They followed pasture and water with their herds and had no fixed settlements. Grateful that the court had avenged his father, Jieshijiao wished to leave the four tribes and submit to the Jin, but they would not let him go. When Cheng reached Lintao, he sent envoys to summon Jieshijiao, who then led the four tribes to submit. He presented one hundred horses and asked to send horses in tribute every year. An edict read: "These distant peoples have come in admiration of our righteousness, and We are deeply pleased. Send able officials to win over their people and grant them generous rewards."
14
初，天會中，詔以舊積石地與夏人，夏人謂之祈安城。 有莊浪四族，一曰吹折門，二曰密臧門，三曰隴逋門，四曰龐拜門，雖屬夏國，叛服不常。 大定六年，夏人破滅吹折、密臧二門，其隴逋、龐拜二門與喬家族相鄰，遂歸結什角。 夏國遣使來告莊浪族違命作亂，欲興兵剪除。 朝廷不知隴逋、龐拜二門舊屬夏國，報以將檢會其地舊所隸屬，毋擅出兵。
Earlier, in the Tianhui era, an edict had ceded the old Jishi territory to Western Xia, which called it Qi'an City. Four Zhuanglang tribes—the Chuizhemen, Mizangmen, Longbomen, and Pangbaimen—were nominally subject to Xia but shifted between rebellion and submission. In Dading 6 the Xia destroyed the Chuizhe and Mizang gates. The Longbo and Pangbai gates, neighboring the Qiao clan, then joined Jieshijiao. Western Xia sent envoys reporting that the Zhuanglang tribes had rebelled and asking permission to march against them. The court, unaware that the Longbo and Pangbai gates had once belonged to Xia, replied that it would investigate the territory's former jurisdiction and forbade Xia to send troops on its own.
15
結什角之母居於莊浪族中。 大定九年，結什角往省其母，夏人伺知之，遂出兵圍結什角，招之使降。 結什角不從，率所部力戰，潰圍出，夏人斫斷其臂，虜其母去，部兵亦多亡者。 結什角尋亦死，遺言請命朝廷，複立喬家族首領。 陝西奏：「聞知夏國王李仁孝與其臣任得敬中分其國，發兵四萬，役夫三萬，築祈安城，殺喬家等族首領結什角。 屢獲宋諜人，言宋欲結夏國謀犯邊境。」 詔遣大理卿李昌圖、左司員外郎粘割斡特剌往按之，且止夏人毋築祈安城及處置喬家等族別立首領。 夏國報雲：「祈安本積石舊城，久廢，邊臣請設戍兵鎮撫莊浪族，所以備盜，非有他也。 結什角以兵入境，以是殺之，不知為喬家族首領也。」 李昌圖等按視，殺結什角之地本在夏境，築祈安城已畢工，皆罷歸，不得宋、夏交通之狀，乃于熙秦迫近宋、夏沖要量添戍兵。 及問喬家等族民戶，願以結什角侄趙師古為首領，於是詔以趙師古為木波喬家、丙離、隴逋、龐拜四族都鈐轄，加宣武將軍。
Jieshijiao's mother lived among the Zhuanglang tribes. In Dading 9, when Jieshijiao went to visit his mother, the Xia learned of it, surrounded him with troops, and urged him to surrender. He refused and fought his way out at the head of his men, but the Xia severed his arm, seized his mother, and killed many of his followers. Jieshijiao soon died as well, leaving word that the court should be asked to install a new Qiao clan chief. Shaanxi reported: "We hear that the Xia king Li Renxiao and his minister Ren Dede are splitting the realm between them. They have raised forty thousand troops and thirty thousand laborers, built Qi'an City, and killed Jieshijiao, chief of the Qiao clan and allied tribes. We have repeatedly captured Song spies who say Song seeks an alliance with Xia to raid our border." The throne sent Grand Justice Li Changtu and Left Department Vice Director Nian'ge Wate to investigate, and ordered Xia to stop building Qi'an City and to install separate chiefs for the Qiao clan and allied tribes. Xia replied: "Qi'an is the old Jishi fortress, long abandoned. Our frontier officials asked for a garrison to pacify the Zhuanglang tribes—nothing more than bandit control. Jieshijiao crossed our border with armed men, so we killed him. We did not know he was chief of the Qiao clan." Li Changtu's mission found that Jieshijiao had been killed inside Xia territory and that Qi'an City was already finished. They returned without proof of a Song-Xia plot and recommended additional garrisons at strategic points in the Xi-Qin region along the Song-Xia frontier. When the Qiao and allied clans were consulted, they asked for Jieshijiao's nephew Zhao Shigu as chief. The throne appointed Zhao Shigu overall director of the Mubo, Qiao, Bingli, Longbo, and Pangbai tribes and gave him the rank of Xuanwu General.
16
石抹卞
Shi Mobian
17
石抹卞，本名阿魯古列。 五代祖王五，遼駙馬都尉。 父五斤，為群牧使，從睿宗秋山，卞年十三，已能射，連獲二鹿，睿宗奇之，賜以良馬及金吐鶻。 天會末，宗弼為右監軍，召卞隸帳下。 丁父憂，是時宗磐為太師，撻懶為左副元帥，人爭附之，使人召卞，卞不往。 宗磐、撻懶皆以罪誅，人多其有識。 宗弼複取河南，與宋人戰於潁州，漢軍少卻，卞身被七創，率勇士十余騎奮擊，敗之。 及宋稱臣，宗弼選嘗有勞者與俱入朝，授卞忠勇校尉。 遷宣武將軍，除河間少尹。 察廉，升遂州刺史，改壽州，再改唐州。 丁母憂去官，起複唐州刺史。 海陵伐宋，卞為武毅軍都總管，由別道進兵。 遇宋伏兵數百人，以三十騎擊敗之，遂下信陽軍及羅山縣。 至蔣州，宋守將棄城遁，因取其城。 頃之，軍士皆欲逃歸，闌子山猛安結漢軍三猛安謀克劫卞還，舍于獎水之曲。 卞乃陰約漢軍將吏乘夜掩殺闌子山猛安，複將其軍。 大定二年，除鄭州防禦使，以本官領行軍萬戶伐宋。 遷武勝軍節度使。 宋人請和，明年，有水牛數百頭自淮南走入州境，僚佐欲收之充官用，卞不聽，複驅過淮還之。 遷河南尹，轉西南路招討使，改大名尹。 大名多盜，而城郭不完，卞請修大名城。 奏可。 城完葺，盜賊不得發。 徙臨洮尹。 卒官，年六十三。
Shi Mobian, whose original name was Alugulie. His fifth-generation ancestor Wang Wu had been commandant of the Liao imperial sons-in-law. His father Wujin was commissioner of herds. On a hunt with Prince Rui, the thirteen-year-old Bian brought down two deer in succession. The prince was astonished and gave him a fine horse and a gold gyrfalcon. Late in the Tianhui era, Zongbi, then right military supervisor, took Bian into his staff. While mourning his father, he was summoned by Zongpan the Grand Preceptor and Tawan the left deputy commander, to whom many were flocking—but Bian refused to go. Both men were later executed for treason, and many admired Bian's judgment. When Zongbi reconquered Henan and fought Song at Yingzhou, the Han contingent wavered. Bian took seven wounds, led a dozen horsemen in a desperate charge, and turned the enemy back. When Song submitted, Zongbi took his most deserving officers to court and gave Bian the rank of Zhongyong Xiaowei. He was promoted to Xuanwu General and made vice prefect of Hejian. Passed in an integrity review, he rose to prefect of Suizhou, then Shouzhou, and finally Tangzhou. He resigned to mourn his mother, then was recalled as prefect of Tangzhou. During Hailing's campaign against Song, Bian served as chief commander of the Wuyi Army on a separate line of advance. He met several hundred Song ambushers and routed them with thirty horsemen, then captured Xinyang and Luoshan. At Jiangzhou the Song commander fled, and Bian took the city without a fight. Soon his men wanted to desert homeward. The Lanshan meng'an commander and three Han meng'an officers plotted to seize Bian and march back, holding him on a bend of the Jiang River. Bian secretly won the Han officers to his side and by night killed the Lanshan commander, then resumed command of the army. In Dading 2 he became defender of Zhengzhou and led a campaign wanhu against Song in that capacity. He was promoted to military commissioner of the Wusheng Army. After Song sued for peace, several hundred water buffalo wandered from Huainan into his jurisdiction the next year. His staff wanted to seize them for the government, but Bian refused and drove them back across the Huai. He became prefect of Henan, then pacification commissioner on the Southwest Route, then prefect of Daming. Daming was rife with bandits, yet its walls were in ruins. Bian petitioned to rebuild them. The request was approved. Once the walls were complete, banditry ceased. He was transferred to prefect of Lintao. He died in office at sixty-three.
18
楊仲武
Yang Zhongwu
19
楊仲武，字德威，保安人。 父遇，以勇聞關西，為宥州團練使。 宋末，仲武謁經略使王庶求自效，遂用為先鋒。 婁室入關，仲武與鄜延路兵馬都監鄭建充俱降，為安塞堡。 環慶路兵馬都監。 皇統初，複陝西，將兵戍鳳翔，屢卻宋軍。 除知寧州。 關中薦饑，境內盜賊縱橫，仲武悉平之。 改坊州刺史，複知寧州，遷同知臨洮尹，改同知河中府。 海陵營繕南京，典浮橋工役。 臨洮地接西羌，與木波雜居，邊將貪暴，木波苦之，遂相率為寇掠。 仲武前治臨洮，乃從數騎入其營諭之曰：「此皆將校侵漁汝等，以至此爾。 今懲治此輩，不復擾害汝也。」 並以禍福曉之。 羌人喜悅，寇掠遂息。 至是，木波複掠熙河，熙河主帥使人諭之，不肯去，曰：「楊總管來，我乃解去。」 熙河具奏，詔複遣仲武。 當是時，木波謂仲武不能複來。 及仲武至，與其酋帥相見，責以負約，對曰：「邊將苦我，今之來，求訴于上官耳。 今幸見公，願終身不復犯塞。」 乃舉酒酹天，折箭為誓。 仲武因以卮酒飲之曰：「當更為汝請，若複背約，必用兵矣。」 羌人羅拜而去。 及伐宋，以仲武為威定軍都總管，駐兵歸德。 大定三年，除武勝軍節度使，改陝西西路轉運使，卒。
Yang Zhongwu, whose style was Dewei, came from Bao'an. His father Yu was famed for courage in the western passes and served as regiment trainer of Youzhou. Late in the Song era he sought out Military Commissioner Wang Shu and was made a vanguard commander. When Wushil entered the pass, Zhongwu and Zheng Jianchong, director of Yan'an military affairs, both surrendered and were appointed commander of An Sai Fort and director of military affairs on the Huanqing Route. Early in Huangtong, when Shaanxi was recovered, he garrisoned Fengxiang and repeatedly drove back Song attacks. He was appointed administrator of Ningzhou. When famine struck Guanzhong and bandits overran his territory, Zhongwu suppressed them all. He served as prefect of Fangzhou, again as administrator of Ningzhou, then as vice prefect of Lintao and vice prefect of Hezhong. When Hailing rebuilt Nanjing, he supervised work on the pontoon bridges. Lintao bordered the western Qiang and was intermixed with the Mubo tribes. Greedy frontier officers oppressed them until the Mubo rose together in raids. Zhongwu, who had governed Lintao before, rode into their camp with only a few men and told them: "Your troubles come from officers who have preyed on you. They will be punished now, and you will be left in peace." He also explained what reward or ruin would follow their choices. The tribes were pleased, and the raids stopped. Later the Mubo raided Xihe again. The Xihe commander sent envoys, but they would not withdraw, saying, "We will leave only when Commissioner Yang comes." Xihe reported this to court, and an edict sent Zhongwu back. By then the Mubo assumed he would not return. When Zhongwu arrived and met their chiefs, he rebuked them for breaking faith. They answered: "Frontier officers have tormented us. We have come only to appeal to our superiors. Now that we have met you, we swear never again to raid the frontier." They poured wine to Heaven and broke arrows in oath. Zhongwu drank with them and said: "I will plead your case again. But if you break faith once more, the army will come." The tribes bowed in ranks and withdrew. During the campaign against Song he was made chief commander of the Weiding Army and encamped at Guide. In Dading 3 he became military commissioner of the Wusheng Army, then transport commissioner on the Shaanxi West Route, and died in office.
20
蒲察世傑
Pucha Shijie
21
蒲察世傑，本名阿撒，曷速館斡篤河人，徙遼陽。 初在梁王宗弼軍中。 為人多力，每與武士角力賭羊，輒勝之。 能以拳擊四歲牛，折脅死之。 有糧車陷淖中，七牛挽不能出，世傑手挽出之。 宗敏為東京留守，召置左右。 海陵篡立，即以為護衛。 海陵謂世傑曰：「汝勇力絕倫，今我兄弟有異志者，期以十日除之，則有非常之賞，仍盡以各人家產賜汝。」 世傑受詔而不肯為。 已過十日，海陵怒，面責之。 世傑曰：「臣自誓不以非道害物，雖死不敢奉詔。」 海陵愛其勇，不之罪也。
Pucha Shijie, whose original name was Asa, came from Wuduh River in Yasuguan; his family later moved to Liaoyang. He first served in Prince Liang Zongbi's army. A man of exceptional strength, he invariably won whenever he wrestled other warriors for wagers of sheep. He could kill a four-year-old ox with his bare fists, breaking its ribs in the process. Once a grain cart sank into the mud. Seven oxen could not pull it free, but Shijie hauled it out with his own hands. When Zongmin was military governor of the Eastern Capital, he summoned Shijie and kept him in his personal retinue. After Hailing usurped the throne, Shijie was at once appointed to the imperial guard. Hailing told Shijie: "Your courage and strength are unmatched. If any of my brothers now plots against me, kill him within ten days and I will give you an extraordinary reward — and I will bestow on you each man's entire estate besides." Shijie accepted the order but refused to carry it out. When the ten days were up, Hailing flew into a rage and rebuked him to his face. Shijie said: "I have sworn never to harm anyone by unjust means. Even if it costs me my life, I dare not obey this order." Hailing admired his courage and did not punish him.
22
正隆四年，調諸路兵伐宋，年二十以上、五十以下皆籍之。 他使者唯恐不如詔書，得數多，世傑往喝懶路，得數少。 海陵怪問之，對曰：「曷懶地接高麗，今若多籍其丁，即有緩急，何以為備？」 海陵喜曰：「他人用心不能及也。」 除同知安國軍節度使事，賜銀二百五十兩、絹彩六百匹、馬二疋。 是時徵發不已，民不堪命，犯法者眾，邢久無長吏，獄囚積四百餘人。 世傑到官月餘，決遣略盡。 入為宿直將軍，以事往胡裏改路，還奏：「契丹部族大抵皆叛，百姓驚擾不安。 今舉國南伐，賊若乘虛入據東土根本之地，雖得江、淮，無益也。 宜先討平契丹，南伐未晚。」 海陵不悅曰：「詔令已出矣。 今以三萬兵選將屯中都以北，足以鎮壓。」 世傑又曰：「若東土大族附於賊，恐三萬眾未易當也。」 海陵不聽。
In Zhenglong 4 troops were levied from every circuit for the campaign against Song, and all men between twenty and fifty were registered for service. The other envoys, afraid of falling short of the quota set by the edict, registered as many men as they could. Shijie, sent to the Yilan Route, registered far fewer. Hailing questioned him in surprise. Shijie answered: "The Yilan region borders Goryeo. If we register too many of its men now, what will we have left for defense when trouble comes?" Hailing said with approval: "No one else thinks as far ahead as you do." He was made vice commissioner of the Anguo Army and rewarded with two hundred fifty taels of silver, six hundred bolts of silk, and two horses. Levies in those days never let up. The people were crushed under their burdens, crime was widespread, Xing Prefecture had gone long without a chief magistrate, and more than four hundred prisoners had piled up in the jails. Within a month of taking office, Shijie had tried and cleared nearly the entire backlog. He entered court service as a palace duty general. Sent on business to the Huligai Route, he returned and reported: "The Khitan tribes have largely risen in revolt, and the people are terrified and unsettled. If the whole realm marches south now and the rebels seize the chance to occupy the heartland of the east, gaining the Yangtze and Huai will do us no good. We should put down the Khitan first. The southern campaign can wait." Hailing, displeased, said: "The orders have already gone out. Thirty thousand picked troops stationed north of the Central Capital under chosen generals will be enough to hold them down." Shijie pressed on: "If the great clans of the east join the rebels, I doubt thirty thousand men will be enough." Hailing would not hear of it.
23
及發汴京，授鄭州防禦使，領武捷軍副總管。 大軍渡淮，世傑以軍三千護糧餫東下，敗宋兵數千人，奪其戰船甚眾。 至和州境，擊宋兵五萬人走之。 明日，使其子兀迭領二百八十騎為應兵，自領八百騎前戰。 連射六十餘人，皆應弦而斃，宋兵遂奔潰。 海陵欲觀水戰，使世傑領水軍百人試之。 宋人舟大而多，世傑舟小，乃急進，至中流取勝而還。 大定初，世傑複取陝州，敗宋兵石壕鎮，複敗宋援兵三千人，遂圍陝州。 宋兵二千自潼關來，世傑以兵二百四十迎擊之，射殺十余人，宋兵敗走。 複敗之於土壕山，生擒一將。 複以兵三百至斗門城，遇宋兵萬余，宋將三人挺槍來刺世傑，世傑以刀斷其鎗，宋兵乃退。 複以四謀克軍敗宋兵于土華，複圍陝州。 世傑嘗擐甲佩刀，腰箭百隻，持鎗躍馬，往來軍中。 敵人見而異之，曰：「真神將也。」 親率選卒二百餘人穴地以入，城遂拔。 再破宋軍三萬人，複虢州。
When the army set out from Bianjing, he was made defender of Zheng Prefecture and deputy chief commander of the Wujie Army. When the main army crossed the Huai, Shijie led three thousand men escorting grain supplies downstream. He routed several thousand Song troops and captured a large number of their warships. Reaching the border of He Prefecture, he attacked a Song force of fifty thousand and put it to flight. The next day he sent his son Wudie with two hundred eighty horsemen as a reserve while he personally led eight hundred cavalry into the front fight. He shot down more than sixty men in a row, each falling the instant the arrow struck, and the Song army broke and fled in disorder. Hailing wanted to see a naval engagement and had Shijie lead one hundred sailors in a trial fight. The Song boats were large and numerous, while Shijie's were small. Even so he pressed forward hard, fought to midstream, won, and returned. Early in the Dading era Shijie retook Shanzhou, defeated Song forces at Shihao Fort, routed three thousand Song reinforcements, and then laid siege to Shanzhou. Two thousand Song troops came from Tong Pass. Shijie met them with two hundred forty men, shot down more than ten, and put the rest to flight. He defeated them again at Tuhao Mountain and captured a general alive. With three hundred men he reached Doumen City and ran into more than ten thousand Song troops. Three Song generals thrust their spears at him, but Shijie cut the spearheads off with his sword, and the Song force withdrew. With four meng'an units he defeated Song forces at Tuhua and once again besieged Shanzhou. Shijie would sometimes ride through the camp in full armor, sword at his side and a hundred arrows at his belt, spear in hand — a startling figure on horseback. The enemy who saw him were awestruck. "A true god of war," they said. He personally led more than two hundred picked soldiers who tunneled into the city, and Shanzhou fell. He routed another Song army of thirty thousand and retook Guo Prefecture.
24
未幾，為衛州防禦使，改河南路統軍都監。 召赴闕，上慰勞良久，除西北路副統，賜廄馬、弓矢、佩刀。 從僕散忠義討契丹。 賊平，改華州防禦使，與徒單合喜經略隴右。 合喜複德順，至東山堡，宋兵捍絕樵路，世傑擊走之，追至城下。 城中出兵約二萬餘，敗之，殺傷甚眾。 宋經略使荊皋棄德順走，世傑與左都監璋追破其軍。 改亳州防禦使，四遷通遠軍節度使。 宋人輒入鞏州境糶米麵，有司執之，世傑署案作歸附人，縱遣之。 譯吏蔡松壽誣府主謀叛，坐斬。 十八年，起為弘州刺史。 母憂去職。 累遷亳州防禦使，卒。
Before long he was made defender of Wei Prefecture, then overall military supervisor of the Henan Route. Summoned to court, he was comforted and rewarded at length by the emperor, appointed deputy commander of the Northwest Route, and given an imperial stable horse, bow and arrows, and a girdle sword. He followed Pusan Zhongyi in the campaign against the Khitan rebels. After the rebels were suppressed he was made defender of Hua Prefecture and, together with Tushan Hexi, administered Longyou. Hexi retook Deshun. At Dongshan Fort, Song troops had cut off the firewood routes. Shijie attacked and drove them off, pursuing them to the city walls. The city sent out some twenty thousand troops. He defeated them, inflicting heavy casualties. Song frontier commissioner Jing Gao abandoned Deshun and fled. Shijie and Left Overall Supervisor Zhang pursued and shattered his army. He was transferred to defender of Bo Prefecture and, after four further promotions, became military commissioner of the Tongyuan Army. Song subjects kept crossing into Gong Prefecture to sell grain and flour. When officials arrested them, Shijie marked the cases as involving surrendered subjects and set them free. The translator clerk Cai Songsou falsely accused the prefect of plotting rebellion and was executed for it. In the eighteenth year of Dading he was recalled to serve as prefect of Hong Prefecture. He left office to observe mourning for his mother. Through successive promotions he rose again to defender of Bo Prefecture and died in office.
25
世傑少貧，然疏財尚氣，每臨陣，敵眾既敗，必戒士卒毋縱殺掠。 平居非忠孝不言，親賢樂善，甚獲當世之譽雲。
Shijie had been poor in youth, yet he was generous and high-minded. In every battle, once the enemy was broken, he always forbade his men from slaughter and looting. In private life he spoke only of loyalty and filial piety, honored the worthy, and delighted in good deeds, and he won wide praise in his own day.
26
蕭懷忠
Xiao Huaizhong
27
蕭懷忠，本名好胡，奚人也。 為西北路招討使。 蕭裕等謀立遼後，使蕭招折往西北路結懷忠，並結節度使耶律朗為助。 懷忠與朗有隙，遂執招折並執朗，遣使上變。 裕等既誅，懷忠為樞密副使，賜今名。 複為西北路招討使，西京留守，封王。 改南京留守。 契丹撒八反，複以懷忠為西京留宋、西南面兵馬都統，與樞密使僕散思恭、北京留守蕭賾、右衛將軍蕭禿剌、護衛十人長斡盧保往討之。 蕭禿剌戰無功，大軍追撒八不及。 而海陵意謂懷忠與蕭裕皆契丹人，本同謀，逾年乃執招折上變，而撒八亦契丹部族，恐其合，以師恭與太后密語，而禿剌無功，懷忠、賾、師恭逸賊，既殺師恭，族滅其家，使使即軍中殺賾、懷忠，皆族之。 斡盧保、禿剌初為罪首，但誅之而已。 大定三年，追複賾、懷忠、禿剌、斡盧保官爵。 賾弟安州刺史頤求襲賾之謀克，上不許謀克，而以賾家產付之。
Xiao Huaizhong, whose original name was Haohu, was a man of the Xi people. He served as pacification commissioner of the Northwest Route. Xiao Yu and others plotted to set up a Liao heir. They sent Xiao Zhaozhe to the Northwest Route to win over Huaizhong and also to secure the aid of military commissioner Yelü Lang. Huaizhong was at odds with Lang, so he arrested Zhaozhe and Lang alike and sent envoys to report the plot to the throne. After Yu and his co-conspirators were executed, Huaizhong was made deputy privy councilor and granted the name he now bore. He again became pacification commissioner of the Northwest Route and military governor of the Western Capital, and was enfeoffed as a prince. He was transferred to military governor of the Southern Capital. When the Khitan Sa Ba rose in revolt, Huaizhong was again appointed Western Capital military governor and overall commander of the southwestern forces. With Privy Councillor Pusan Sigong, Northern Capital military governor Xiao Ze, Right Guard General Xiao Tula, and Guards Ten-Captain Wolubao, he marched to suppress him. Xiao Tula fought without success, and though the main army pursued Sa Ba, it could not catch him. Hailing suspected that Huaizhong and Xiao Yu, both Khitan, had originally been co-conspirators, and that Huaizhong had waited more than a year before arresting Zhaozhe and reporting the plot. Sa Ba was also Khitan, and Hailing feared they might join forces. Sigong had held secret talks with the empress dowager, Tula had achieved nothing, and Huaizhong, Ze, and Sigong had all let the rebel escape. After Sigong was killed and his clan wiped out, Hailing sent envoys to execute Ze and Huaizhong in camp, and their clans were exterminated as well. Wolubao and Tula had originally been the chief culprits, but they were simply executed without extending punishment to their clans. In Dading 3 the offices and ranks of Ze, Huaizhong, Tula, and Wolubao were posthumously restored. Ze's younger brother Yi, prefect of An Prefecture, asked to inherit Ze's meng'an office. The emperor denied the meng'an post but entrusted Ze's household property to him.
28
移剌按答
Yila Anda
29
移剌按答，遼橫帳人也。 父留斡，與耶律餘睹俱來降。 西京下，複叛，留斡遇害，按答以死事之子，授左奉宸。 熙宗初，充護衛，除安州刺史，累官東京副留守。 參知政事完顏守道經略北方，攝咸平路屯軍都統。 入為兵部侍郎，徙西北、西南兩路舊設堡戍迫近內地者于極邊安置，仍與泰州、臨潢邊堡相接。 除武定軍節度使，以招徠邊部功遷東北路招討使，改臨潢尹，卒。
Yila Anda was of the Liao Horizontal Tab branch. His father Liugan came over and surrendered together with Yelü Yudu. When the Western Capital fell, Liugan rebelled again and was killed. As the son of a man who had died in service, Anda was appointed Left Fengchen. Early in Emperor Xizong's reign he entered the imperial guard, became prefect of An Prefecture, and rose through successive posts to deputy military governor of the Eastern Capital. When Associate Councilor Wanyan Shoudao took charge of the northern frontier, Anda served as acting overall commander of garrison troops on the Xianping Route. He entered court as vice minister of war and relocated the Northwest and Southwest route fortresses and garrisons that had been placed too close to the interior, resettling them on the outermost frontier and linking them with the border forts of Taizhou and Linhuang. He was made military commissioner of the Wuding Army. For his success in winning over frontier tribes he was promoted to pacification commissioner of the Northeast Route, then made prefect of Linhuang, and died in office.
30
按答騎射絕倫，善相馬，嘗論及善射者，世宗曰：「能如卿乎？」 閱馬於市，見良馬，雖羸瘦，輒與善價取之，他日果良馬也。
Anda's horsemanship and archery were unmatched, and he had a gift for judging horses. Once, when the talk turned to fine archers, Emperor Shizong asked: "Is there anyone who can match you?" In the horse market he would pay a good price for any fine horse he spotted, even if it was gaunt and poor-looking — and it would invariably prove to be a fine steed.
31
孛朮魯阿魯罕
Beipailu Aruhan
32
孛朮魯阿魯罕，隆州琶離葛山人。 年八歲，選習契丹字，再選習女直字。 既壯，為黃龍府路萬戶令史。 貞元二年，試外路胥吏三百人補隨朝，阿魯罕在第一，補宗正府令史。 累擢尚書省令史。 僕散忠義討窩斡，辟置幕府，掌邊關文字，甚見信任。 窩斡既平，阿魯罕招集散亡，複業者數萬人。 複從忠義伐宋，屢入奏事，論列可否。 上謂宰相曰：「阿魯罕所言，可行者即行之。」 宋人請和，忠義使阿魯罕往。 和議定，阿魯罕入奏，賜銀百兩、重彩十端。 忠義薦阿魯罕有才幹，可任尚書省都事，詔以為大理司直。 未幾，授尚書省都事，除同知順天軍節度事。 紇石烈志寧北巡，阿魯罕攝左右司郎中。 還朝，除刑部員外郎，再遷侍御史。 上問紇石烈良弼曰：「阿魯罕何如人也？」 對曰：「有幹材，持心忠正，出言不阿順。」 數日，遷勸農副使，兼同修國史，侍御史如故。 改右司郎中。 奏請徙河南戍軍屯營城中者於十裏外，從之。 遷吏部侍郎，附山東統軍都監，徙置河南八猛安。 遷武勝軍節度使。 入為吏部尚書，改西南路招討使。 有司督本路猛安人戶所貸官粟，阿魯罕乞俟豐年，從之。 軍人有以甲葉貿易諸物，天德榷場及界外歲采銅礦，或因私挾兵鐵與之市易，皆一切禁絕之。 上番軍不許用親戚、奴婢及傭雇者，營塹損圮以時葺治，不與所部猛安謀克會宴，故兵民皆畏愛之。
Beipailu Aruhan was from Palige Mountain in Long Prefecture. At eight he was chosen to study Khitan script, and later selected again to study Jurchen script. When he came of age he served as a clerk in the wanhu office on the Huanglongfu Route. In Zhengyuan 2 three hundred clerks from the outer circuits were examined for appointment at court. Aruhan placed first and was appointed clerk of the Directorate of the Imperial Clan. He rose through successive posts to clerk of the Secretariat. When Pusan Zhongyi campaigned against Wowo, he recruited Aruhan to his staff to handle frontier correspondence and came to trust him deeply. After Wowo was suppressed, Aruhan gathered the scattered and destitute, and tens of thousands returned to their livelihoods. He again followed Zhongyi against Song, repeatedly reporting to court and arguing what should and should not be done. The emperor told the chief ministers: "Whatever Aruhan proposes that can be done, do it at once." When the Song sought peace, Zhongyi sent Aruhan to negotiate. When the peace terms were settled, Aruhan reported to court and was rewarded with one hundred taels of silver and ten bolts of heavy silk. Zhongyi recommended Aruhan as talented and fit to serve as chief secretary of the Secretariat. An edict appointed him direct clerk of the Court of Judgment Review. Before long he was appointed chief secretary of the Secretariat and vice commissioner of the Shuntian Army. When He Shilie Zhining toured the north, Aruhan served as acting director of the Left and Right Bureau of the Secretariat. On returning to court he was made vice director of the Ministry of Punishments and then promoted to palace censor. The emperor asked He Shilie Liangbi: "What kind of man is Aruhan?" Liangbi answered: "He is capable, upright at heart, and does not speak to flatter." A few days later he was promoted to vice commissioner for agriculture and concurrent editor of the national history, while retaining his post as palace censor. He was transferred to director of the Right Bureau. He memorialized that Henan garrison troops encamped inside city walls should be moved ten li outside, and the request was approved. He was promoted to vice director of the Ministry of Personnel, attached as overall military supervisor of the Shandong Route, and resettled eight Henan meng'an. He was transferred to military commissioner of the Wusheng Army. He was recalled to the capital as director of the Ministry of Personnel, then reassigned as pacification commissioner of the Southwestern Route. When the authorities pressed meng'an households on the route to repay official grain they had borrowed, Aruhan asked that collection be deferred until a bumper harvest, and his request was approved. He strictly forbade soldiers from trading armor plates for goods, and he shut down all private traffic in weapons and iron at the Tiande monopoly market and at the annual copper mines beyond the frontier. He forbade garrison troops on rotation from using relatives, slaves, or hired hands; he saw that damaged camps and ramparts were repaired on time; and he refused to hold banquets with the meng'an and moke under his command. For these reasons both soldiers and civilians respected and admired him.
33
上謂太尉守道曰：「阿魯罕及上京留守完顏烏裏也皆起身胥吏，阿魯罕為人沉厚，其賢過之。」 改陝西路統軍使兼京兆尹。 陝西軍籍有闕，舊例用子弟補充，而材多不堪用，阿魯罕于阿裏喜旗鼓手內選補。 軍人以春牧馬，經夏不收飼，瘠弱多死，阿魯罕命以時收秣之，故死損者少。 仍春秋督閱軍士騎射，以嚴武備。 終南采漆者，節其期限，檢其出入，以防奸細。 上謂宰相曰：「阿魯罕所至稱治，陝西政績尤著，用之雖遲，亦可得數年力也。」 召為參知政事，命條上天德、陝西行事，上稱善。 以疾乞致仕，除北京留守，卒。
The emperor said to Grand Marshal Shoudao: "Aruhan and the Shangjing defender Wanyan Wuliye both started out as petty clerks, but Aruhan is a man of deep steadiness, and in talent he surpasses Wuliye." He was reassigned to military commissioner of the Shaanxi Route and concurrently appointed prefect of Jingzhao. When vacancies opened in the Shaanxi military rolls, the old practice was to fill them with sons and younger brothers, but most proved unfit; Aruhan instead selected replacements from the drum-and-banner troops of Alixi. Soldiers pastured horses in spring but often left them out all summer without bringing them in to feed, so many grew thin and died; Aruhan ordered the horses brought in and fed on schedule, and losses fell sharply. He also inspected the troops' mounted archery every spring and autumn to keep military readiness strict. For lacquer gatherers working in the Zhongnan Mountains, he set time limits and checked their movements in and out to guard against spies. The emperor told the chief ministers: "Wherever Aruhan has served, people praise his governance, and his record in Shaanxi is especially strong. Even if we use him late, we can still get several good years out of him." Aruhan was summoned as vice grand councilor and ordered to submit a detailed report on his work at Tiande and in Shaanxi; the emperor praised it. He asked to retire because of illness, was appointed defender of the Northern Capital, and died in that post.
34
贊曰：《記》曰：「君子聽磬聲，則思死封疆之臣。」 《傳》曰：「疆埸之事，慎守其一而備其不虞。」 故守戍邊圉之臣，不可以不論焉。
Commentary: The Record of Rites says: "When a gentleman hears the sound of stone chimes, he thinks of the ministers who died defending the frontier." The Zuo Zhuan says: "In frontier affairs, hold what you have with care and prepare against the unforeseen." For this reason, ministers who garrison and defend the frontier cannot be left out of account.
35
趙興祥
Zhao Xingxiang
36
趙興祥，平州盧龍人。 六世祖思溫，遼燕京留守，封天水郡王。 父瑾，遼靜江軍節度使。 興祥以父任閣門祗候，謁告省親于白霫。 會遼季土賊據郡作亂，興祥攜母及弟妹奔燕京，不能進，乃自柳城涉砂磧，夜視星斗而行。 僅達遼軍，而不知遼主所向，遂還柳城。 及婁室獲遼主，興祥乃歸國，從宗望伐宋，為六宅使。 天眷初，累官同知宣徽院事。 母憂去官。 熙宗素聞興祥孝行，及英悼太子受冊，以本官起複，護視太子。 轉右宣徽使。 天德初，改左宣徽使。 海陵嘗問興祥，欲使子弟為官，當自言。 興祥辭謝。 海陵善之，賜以玉帶，詔曰：「汝官雖未至一品，可佩此侍立。」 為濟南尹，賜車馬、金幣、金銀器皿，改絳陽軍節度使，召為太子少保，封廣平郡王，改封钜鹿。 正隆初，例奪王爵，遷太子少傅，封申國公，起為定武軍節度使。 海陵伐宋，興祥二子從軍。 世宗即位，海陵尚在淮南，二子未得還。 興祥來見於平州，世宗嘉其誠款，以為秘書監，複為左宣徽使。 上曰：「尚食庖人猥多，徒費廩祿。 朕在籓邸時，家務皆委執事者，自即位以來，事皆留心。 俸祿出於百姓，不可妄費，庖人可約量損減。」 近臣獻琵琶，世宗卻之，謂興祥曰：「朕憂勞天下，未嘗以聲伎為心，自今勿複有獻，宜悉諭朕意。」 有司奏南北邊事未息，恐財用未給，乞罷修神龍殿涼位工役。 上即日使興祥傳詔罷之。 久之，以其孫珣為閣門祗候。 十五年，上幸安州春水，召興祥赴萬春節。 上謁於良鄉，賜銀五百兩，感風眩，賜醫藥。 未幾，卒官。
Zhao Xingxiang was a native of Lulong in Pingzhou. His sixth-generation ancestor Siwen had served as defender of Yanjing under the Liao and was enfeoffed as Prince of Tianshui. His father Jin had been military commissioner of the Jingjiang Army under the Liao. Through his father's influence, Xingxiang became a gate usher and requested leave to visit his family at Bai Xi. Just then, in the dying days of the Liao, local bandits seized the commandery and rose in rebellion. Xingxiang fled with his mother and younger siblings toward Yanjing but could not get through, so from Liucheng they crossed the sandy wastes, traveling by night under the stars. They barely reached Liao forces but did not know where the Liao emperor had gone, so they turned back to Liucheng. After Niansilie captured the Liao emperor, Xingxiang submitted to the Jin and followed Zongwang in the campaign against Song, serving as envoy of the Six Residences. At the beginning of the Tianjuan era he rose through successive posts to vice director of the Palace Provisions Commission. He left office to mourn his mother. Emperor Xizong had long known of Xingxiang's filial conduct, and when Prince Yingdao was invested as heir, Xingxiang was recalled from mourning in his former post to attend and guard the prince. He was transferred to right director of the Palace Provisions Commission. At the beginning of the Tiande era he was made left director of the Palace Provisions Commission. Hailing once asked Xingxiang whether, if he wanted his sons or younger brothers given office, he should say so himself. Xingxiang politely declined. Hailing approved and granted him a jade belt, issuing an edict: "Though your rank has not yet reached the first grade, you may wear this and stand in attendance." He was appointed prefect of Jinan and given carriages, horses, gold, and gold and silver vessels; then he was transferred to military commissioner of the Jiangyang Army, recalled as junior guardian of the heir apparent, enfeoffed as Prince of Guangping, and later re-enfeoffed as Prince of Julu. At the beginning of the Zhenglong era, his princely title was removed by regulation; he was made junior tutor of the heir apparent, enfeoffed as Duke of Shen, and recalled to serve as military commissioner of the Dingwu Army. When Hailing campaigned against Song, two of Xingxiang's sons went with the army. When Shizong came to the throne, Hailing was still south of the Huai, and the two sons had not yet been able to return. Xingxiang came to see Shizong at Pingzhou; Shizong praised his sincere loyalty, made him director of the Secretariat, and restored him as left director of the Palace Provisions Commission. The emperor said: "There are far too many imperial kitchen cooks, and they waste grain salaries for nothing. When I was in the princely residence, I left household affairs to my stewards, but since taking the throne I have attended to everything myself. Salaries come from the people and must not be wasted; the number of cooks should be reduced accordingly." A close attendant offered a pipa, but Shizong refused it and said to Xingxiang: "I labor in care for the empire and have never cared for music and entertainments. From now on there must be no more such gifts—you should make my wishes fully known." The responsible offices reported that affairs on the northern and southern frontiers were still unsettled and feared that funds would fall short, and they asked that work on the cool chambers of the Divine Dragon Hall be halted. That same day the emperor had Xingxiang convey an edict halting the project. After some time, his grandson Xun was appointed gate usher. In the fifteenth year the emperor went to Anzhou for the spring hunt and summoned Xingxiang to the Ten Thousand Spring Festival. The emperor received him at Liangxiang and granted him five hundred taels of silver; when Xingxiang suffered dizziness from wind ailment, the emperor also gave him medicine. Before long he died in office.
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石抹榮
Shi Morong
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石抹榮，字昌祖。 七世祖仕遼，封順國王。 遼主奔天德，榮父惕益挺身赴之。 是時，榮方六歲，母忽土特滿攜之流離道路，宗室穀神得之，納為次室，榮就養于穀神家。 惕益既見遼主，委以軍事。 軍敗被執，將殺之，金源郡王銀朮可曰：「彼忠於所事，殺之何以勸後。」 遂釋之。 後從伐宋，卒於軍中。 榮年長，事秦王宗翰，居幕府。 天眷二年，充護衛。 熙宗宴飲，命胙王元與榮角力，榮勝之，連僕力士六七人。 熙宗親飲之酒，賜以金幣，遷宿直將軍。 天德初，除開遠軍節度使。 入謝，不覺泣下。 海陵問其故。 對曰：「老母在穀神家，違去膝下，是以感泣。」 乃詔其母與之俱行，仍賜錢萬貫。 改天德尹，徙泰寧軍，再除延安、東平尹。 海陵南征，為神果軍都總管，留駐泗州，以遏逋卒。 大定初，還鎮東平，與戶部尚書梁钅求按治山東盜賊。 二年，以本官充山東東西、大名等路都統。 有疾，改太原尹，徙益都尹。 丁母憂，起複召為簽書樞密院事，北京、東京留守，陝西路統軍使，南京、西京留守。 榮與河南尹婁室、陝州防禦使石抹靳家奴皆坐高賈賣私物、抑賈買民物得罪。 靳家奴前為單州刺史，廉察官行郡，乃劫制民使作虛譽，用是得遷同知太原尹，複多取民利。 及為陝州，尚書省奏其事，法當解職削階，上以靳家奴鼓虛聲以誑朝廷，不可恕，特詔除名。 榮與婁室削兩階解職。 久之，榮除臨潢尹，改臨洮尹。 卒，年六十三。
Shi Morong, courtesy name Changzu. His seventh-generation ancestor had served the Liao and was enfeoffed as Prince of Shunguo. When the Liao emperor fled to Tiande, Rong's father Tieyi went in person to join him. At that time Rong was only six; his mother Huteteman took him and wandered the roads in exile. The imperial clansman Gushen found them, took her as a secondary consort, and Rong was raised in Gushen's household. After Tieyi reached the Liao emperor, military affairs were entrusted to him. His army was defeated and he was captured; they were about to execute him when Prince of Jinyuan Yinzhuke said: "He was loyal to the master he served—if we kill him, how will we encourage those who come after?" So he was released. Later he joined the campaign against Song and died in the army. When Rong came of age he served Prince Qin Zonghan and lived on his staff. In the second year of the Tianjuan era he served in the guard corps. At a banquet Emperor Xizong ordered Prince Zuo Yuan to wrestle with Rong; Rong won and threw down six or seven strongmen in succession. Xizong personally gave him wine, granted him gold, and promoted him to night-duty general. At the beginning of the Tiande era he was appointed military commissioner of the Kaiyuan Army. When he entered to give thanks, he wept without realizing it. Hailing asked why. He replied: "My old mother is in Gushen's household, and leaving her side moves me to tears." An edict was then issued for his mother to travel with him, and he was also granted ten thousand strings of cash. He was made prefect of Tiande, transferred to Taining, and then successively appointed prefect of Yan'an and Dongping. When Hailing marched south, Morong became overall commander of the Shengou Army and remained garrisoned at Sizhou to block fleeing soldiers. At the beginning of the Dading era he returned to command at Dongping and, together with Liang Qiu, director of the Ministry of Revenue, investigated and suppressed bandits in Shandong. In the second year, while retaining his post, he served as overall commander of eastern and western Shandong, Daming, and other routes. When he fell ill he was made prefect of Taiyuan, then transferred to prefect of Yidu. After mourning for his mother he was recalled from mourning and successively served as deputy director of the Privy Council, defender of the Northern and Eastern capitals, military commissioner of the Shaanxi Route, and defender of the Southern and Western capitals. Morong, together with Lou Shi, prefect of Henan, and Shi Mo Qinjianu, defense commissioner of Shanzhou, were all convicted of selling private goods at inflated prices and forcing the people to sell their goods at low prices. Qinjianu had formerly been prefect of Shanzhou; when an integrity inspector toured the commandery, he coerced the people into giving false praise, and by this won promotion to vice prefect of Taiyuan, again extracting many private gains from the people. When he served at Shanzhou, the Secretariat reported the matter; by law he should have been removed from office and stripped of rank, but the emperor said Qinjianu had trumpeted false praise to deceive the court and could not be forgiven, and specially ordered that he be expelled from the rolls. Morong and Lou Shi had two ranks stripped and were removed from office. After some time Morong was appointed prefect of Linhuang, then transferred to prefect of Lintao. He died at the age of sixty-three.
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敬嗣暉
Jing Sihui
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敬嗣暉，字唐臣，易州人。 登天眷二年進士第，調懷安丞，遷弘政令，補尚書省令史。 有才辯，海陵為宰相，愛之，及篡立，擢起居注，曆諫議大夫、吏部侍郎、左宣徽使。 貞元三年八月，尚食烹飪失宜，庖官各杖二百，嗣暉與同知宣徽院事烏居仁各杖有差。 久之，拜參知政事。 正隆六年伐宋，留張浩及嗣暉于南京，治尚書省事。 世宗即位，惡嗣暉巧佞，御史大夫完顏元宜劾奏蕭玉、嗣暉、許霖等六人不可用。 嗣暉降通議大夫，放歸田裏。 嗣暉練習朝儀，進止應對閒雅，由是起為丹州刺史，戒諭之曰：「卿為正隆執政，阿順取容，朕甚鄙之。 今當竭力奉職，以洗前日之咎。 苟或不悛，必罰無赦。」 未幾，丁母憂，起複為左宣徽使。 世宗頗好道術，謂嗣暉曰：「尚食官毋於禁中殺羊豕，朔望上七日有司毋奏刑名。」 大定七年，蒲察通除肇州防禦使，上責其飾詐，因顧嗣暉曰：「如卿不可謂無才，但純實不足耳。」 久之，有榜匿名書於通衢者，稱海陵舊臣不得用者有怨望心，將圖不軌。 上曰：「豈有是哉。」 謂嗣暉曰：「正隆時，卿為執政，今指卿以為怨望，朕極知其不然。 卿性明達能辨，但頗自炫，釣眾人之譽，所以致此媒蘖，後當改之。」 十年，將有事南郊，廷議嗣暉在海陵時凡宗廟禘祫輒行太常事，複拜參知政事，詔以執政冠服攝太常。 禮成，薨。
Jing Sihui, courtesy name Tangchen, was a native of Yizhou. He passed the jinshi examination in the second year of the Tianjuan era, was assigned as assistant magistrate of Huai'an, promoted to magistrate of Hongzheng, and appointed a clerk of the Secretariat. Talented and eloquent, he won favor when Hailing served as chief minister; when Hailing seized the throne he was promoted to diarist and successively served as grand adviser, vice director of the Ministry of Personnel, and left director of the Palace Provisions Commission. In the eighth month of the third year of Zhenyuan, because imperial kitchen cooking was improper, each kitchen official was beaten two hundred strokes; Sihui and Wujuren, vice director of the Palace Provisions Commission, were each beaten to differing degrees. After some time he was appointed vice grand councilor. In the sixth year of the Zhenglong era, during the campaign against Song, Zhang Hao and Sihui were left at Nanjing to administer Secretariat affairs. When Shizong came to the throne he disliked Sihui's craftiness and flattery; censor-in-chief Wanyan Yuan Yi memorialized impeaching six men, including Xiao Yu, Sihui, and Xu Lin, as unfit for office. Sihui was demoted to grand master of convocation and sent back to his home district. Sihui was practiced in court ceremony, and his bearing and replies were easy and refined; for this he was recalled as prefect of Danzhou and admonished: "You served in government under Zhenglong, flattering to win favor, and I hold that in contempt. Now you must exert yourself in office to wash away your past faults. If you do not mend your ways, punishment will be without mercy." Before long, after mourning for his mother, he was recalled from mourning as left director of the Palace Provisions Commission. Shizong was rather fond of Daoist practices and said to Sihui: "Kitchen officials must not slaughter sheep or swine within the palace, and on the first and fifteenth of the month and for seven days thereafter the offices must not submit criminal cases." In the seventh year of the Dading era, Pucha Tong was appointed defense commissioner of Zhaozhou; the emperor rebuked him for pretense and, turning to Sihui, said: "One cannot say you lack talent, but you are not plain and sincere enough." After some time an anonymous placard appeared on a public thoroughfare claiming that former ministers of Hailing who had not been employed harbored resentment and would plot rebellion. The emperor said: "How could there be such a thing?" He said to Sihui: "Under Zhenglong you served in government, and now you are named as one who harbors resentment—I know very well that this is not so. You are by nature clear-sighted and discerning, but you rather show off and fish for popular praise—that is what has brought on such slander; hereafter you must change." In the tenth year, when the southern suburban rites were to be performed, court discussion noted that under Hailing Sihui had regularly handled Grand Music affairs for the ancestral temple di and xia sacrifices; he was again appointed vice grand councilor, and an edict ordered him to perform the Grand Music office in chief-minister regalia. When the rites were completed, he died.
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贊曰：趙興祥、石抹榮自拔流離艱厄中，而克有所樹立，固其識之過人，亦其所遭際致然也。 跡世宗之卻聲伎、減庖人，仁愛若是，而其下孰不興起哉！
Commentary: Zhao Xingxiang and Shi Morong lifted themselves out of exile and hardship and were able to achieve distinction—this was certainly because their insight surpassed others, but also because of the opportunities they encountered. Consider how Shizong turned away musicians and performers and cut back the palace kitchens—benevolence such as that—and who among his subordinates would not be moved to do their utmost!