1
完顏奴申
Wanyan Nushen
2
完顏奴申，字正甫，素蘭之弟也。 登策論進士第，仕曆清要。 正大三年八月，由翰林直學士充益政院說書官。 五年，轉吏部侍郎。 監察御史烏古論石魯剌劾近侍張文壽、仁壽、李麟之受敵帥饋遺，詔奴申鞫問，得其奸狀，上曲赦其罪，皆斥去，朝論快之。 九月，改侍講學士，以御史大夫奉使大元。 至龍駒河，朝見太宗皇帝。 十二月，還。 明年六月，遷吏部尚書，複往。 八年春，還。 朝廷以勞拜參知政事。
Wanyan Nushen, courtesy name Zhengfu, was the younger brother of Suluan. He passed the Policy Discourse jinshi examination and rose through a series of prestigious offices. In the eighth month of Zhengda 3, while serving as a direct Hanlin academician, he was appointed lecturer at the Yizheng Court. In the fifth year he was transferred to vice minister of personnel. Supervising censor Wugulun Shilula accused the emperor's close attendants Zhang Wenshou, Renshou, and Li Lin of accepting bribes from the enemy commander. The emperor ordered Nushen to investigate; when their misconduct was proved, he granted them a lenient pardon and had them all dismissed, to the satisfaction of court opinion. In the ninth month he was made court lecturer and sent to the Great Yuan as censor-in-chief on an embassy mission. He reached the Longju River and had an audience with Emperor Taizong of the Yuan. He returned in the twelfth month. The following year, in the sixth month, he was promoted to minister of personnel and sent on another mission. He returned in the spring of the eighth year. In recognition of his service, the court appointed him vice grand councilor.
3
天興元年春，大兵駐鄭州海灘寺，遣使招哀宗降。 複以奴申往乞和。 不許，攻汴益急。 汴受圍數月，倉庫匱乏，召武仙等入援不至，哀宗懼，以曹王訛可出質，請罷攻。 冬十月，哀宗議親出捍禦，以奴申參知政事、兼樞密副使，完顏習捏阿不樞密副使、兼知開封府、權參知政事，總諸軍留守京師。 又以翰林學士承旨烏古孫卜吉提控諸王府，同判大睦親府事兼都點檢內族合周管宮掖事，左副點檢完顏阿撒、右副點檢溫敦阿裏副之，戶部尚書完顏珠顆兼裏城四面都總領，御史大夫裴滿阿虎帶兼鎮撫軍民都彈壓，諫議大夫近侍局使行省左右司郎中烏古孫奴申兼知宮省事。 又以把撒合為外城東面元帥，術甲咬住南面元帥，崔立西面元帥，孛術魯買奴北面元帥。 乙酉，除拜定，以京城付之。 又以戶部侍郎刁璧為安撫副使，總招撫司，規運京外糧斛。 設講議所，受陳言文字，以大理卿納合德輝、戶部尚書仲平、中京副留守愛失等總其事。
In the spring of Tianxing 1, the Mongol army encamped at Haitansi in Zheng Prefecture and sent envoys urging Emperor Aizong to surrender. Nushen was again dispatched to sue for peace. The offer was refused, and the assault on Kaifeng intensified. Kaifeng had been under siege for months, and the granaries were empty. Wuxian and others were called to relieve the city but never came. In fear, Emperor Aizong offered Prince Cao, Eke, as a hostage and asked that the assault be halted. In the tenth month of winter, Emperor Aizong planned to lead the defense in person. He left Nushen as vice grand councilor and concurrent vice commissioner of military affairs, and Wanyan Xinie Abu as vice commissioner of military affairs, concurrent prefect of Kaifeng, and acting vice grand councilor, to command all forces and hold the capital. He also appointed Hanlin academician-in-chief Wugusun Buji to oversee the princely mansions, with concurrent duties as associate administrator of the Great Muxin princely establishment and chief inspector; inner clansman Hezhou to manage palace affairs, assisted by left deputy inspector Wanyan Asa and right deputy inspector Wendun Ali; minister of revenue Wanyan Zhuke as overall commander of the inner city's four sectors; censor-in-chief Peiman Ahudai as concurrent overall pacifier of army and people; and remonstrating censor and director of the close attendants bureau Wugusun Nushen, acting left and right bureau director of the branch secretariat, as concurrent administrator of palace affairs. He further appointed Basage marshal of the outer city's eastern sector, Shujia Yaozhu marshal of the south, Cui Li marshal of the west, and Boshulu Mainu marshal of the north. On yiyou day the appointments were finalized, and the capital was entrusted to them. He also appointed vice minister of revenue Diao Bi pacification deputy commissioner, in overall charge of the pacification office, to organize the shipment of grain from outside the capital. A deliberation office was set up to receive written submissions, with grand guardian of justice Nahe Dehui, minister of revenue Zhongping, and vice defender of Zhongjing Aishi placed in overall charge.
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十二月辛丑，上出京，服絳紗袍，乘馬導從如常儀。 留守官及京城父老從至城外奉辭，有詔撫諭，仍以鞭揖之。 速不泬聞上已出，復會兵圍汴。 初，上以東面元帥李辛跋扈出怨言，罷為兵部侍郎，將出，密喻奴申等羈縶之。 上既行，奴申等召辛，辛懼，謀欲出降，棄馬逾城而走。 奴申等遣人追及之，斬於省門。 汴民以上親出師，日聽捷報，且以二相持重，幸以無事。 俄聞軍敗衛州，蒼黃走歸德，民大恐，以為不救。 時汴京內外不通，米升銀二兩。 百姓糧盡，殍者相望，縉紳士女多行乞於市，至有自食其妻子者，至於諸皮器物皆煮食之，貴家第宅、市樓肆館皆撤以爨。 及歸德遣使迎兩宮，人情益不安，於是民間有立荊王監國以城歸順之議，而二相皆不知也。
On xinchou day in the twelfth month the emperor left the capital in a crimson gauze robe, riding out with his usual escort. The officials left behind and the elders of the capital followed him outside the walls to bid farewell. He issued an edict of reassurance and still bowed to them with his whip. When Subutai learned that the emperor had left, he gathered his forces again and renewed the siege of Kaifeng. Earlier, because the eastern marshal Li Xin had been insubordinate and voiced complaints, the emperor had demoted him to vice minister of war. Before leaving the city, he secretly told Nushen and the others to detain him. After the emperor had departed, Nushen and the others summoned Li Xin. In fear, Xin plotted to defect, abandoned his horse, and fled over the wall. Nushen and the others sent men in pursuit, caught him, and beheaded him at the secretariat gate. The people of Kaifeng, believing the emperor had gone out to lead the army in person, waited daily for news of victory and trusted that the two chief ministers would keep things secure. Soon word came that the army had been defeated at Weizhou and that the emperor had fled in disarray to Guide. The populace was terrified and believed the city was beyond saving. At that time Kaifeng was cut off inside and out, and a sheng of rice sold for two taels of silver. The people ran out of food; corpses of the starved lined the streets; gentry men and women begged in the markets; some even ate their own wives and children; leather goods and utensils of every kind were boiled for food; and the mansions of the wealthy, market towers, and shops were torn down for firewood. When Guide sent envoys to bring back the empresses, public anxiety deepened. Talk spread among the people of installing Prince Jing as regent and surrendering the city—and neither of the two chief ministers knew of it.
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天興二年正月丙寅，省令史許安國詣講議所言：「古者有大疑，謀及卿士，謀及庶人。 今事勢如此，可集百官及僧道士庶，問保社稷、活生靈之計。」 左司都事元好問以安國之言白奴申，奴申曰：「此論甚佳，可與副樞議之。」 副樞亦以安國之言為然。 好問曰：「自車駕出京，今二十日許，又遣使迎兩宮。 民間洶洶，皆謂國家欲棄京城，相公何以處之？」 阿不曰：「吾二人惟有一死耳。」 好問曰：「死不難，誠能安社稷、救生靈，死而可也。 如其不然，徒欲一身飽五十紅衲軍，亦謂之死耶？」 阿不款語曰：「今日惟吾二人，何言不可。」 好問乃曰：「聞中外人言，欲立二王監國，以全兩宮與皇族耳。」 阿不曰：「我知之矣，我知之矣。」 即命召京城官民。 明日皆聚省中，諭以事勢危急當如之何。 有父老七人陳詞云云，二相命好問受其詞。 白之奴申，顧曰：「亦為此事也。」 且問副樞「此事謀議今幾日矣」？ 阿不屈指曰：「七日矣。」 奴申曰：」歸德使未去，慎勿泄。」 或曰是時週邊不解，如在陷阱，議者欲推立荊王以城出降，是亦《春秋》紀季入齊之義，況北兵中已有曹王也。 眾憤二人無策，但曰死守而已。 忽聞召京城士庶計事，奴申拱立無語，獨阿不反復申諭：「國家至此無可奈何，凡有可行當共議之」，且繼以涕泣。
On bingyin day in the first month of Tianxing 2, secretariat clerk Xu Anguo went to the deliberation office and said: "In antiquity, when grave doubts arose, counsel was sought from ministers and nobles, and from the common people as well. Now that matters stand as they do, we should gather officials, monks, Daoists, and commoners alike and ask what plan might preserve the state and save the people." Left bureau director Yuan Haowen reported Xu Anguo's proposal to Nushen, who said: "That is an excellent idea. Discuss it with the vice commissioner." The vice commissioner agreed with Xu Anguo's proposal as well. Haowen said: "It has been about twenty days since the imperial carriage left the capital, and now envoys have again been sent to bring back the empresses. The people are in an uproar, all saying the court means to abandon the capital. How do you intend to address this?" Abu said: "The two of us have nothing but death to offer." Haowen said: "Death is not difficult. If it would truly save the state and the people, death would be acceptable. But if not—if you only want to fill your own bellies while fifty red-cassock guards eat their fill—is that what you call dying?" Abu said earnestly: "Today it is only the two of us here—what cannot be said openly?" Haowen then said: "I have heard people inside and outside the city say they wish to install a prince as regent, only to preserve the empresses and the imperial clan." Abu said: "I know, I know." He immediately ordered officials and commoners of the capital summoned. The next day all gathered at the secretariat, where they were told how to respond to the desperate situation. Seven community elders presented their statements, and the two chief ministers ordered Haowen to receive them. He reported to Nushen, who turned and said: "So it is about this after all." He also asked the vice commissioner: "How many days has this been under discussion?" Abu counted on his fingers and said: "Seven days." Nushen said: "The envoy from Guide has not yet left. Be careful not to let this out." Some say that at this time, besieged on every side as if in a trap, those deliberating wished to install Prince Jing and surrender the city—an act in the spirit of Ji Ji's surrender to Qi in the Spring and Autumn Annals—and besides, Prince Cao was already held among the northern forces. The crowd, furious that the two ministers had no plan, could only cry that they would hold out to the death. When the capital's officials and commoners were suddenly summoned to deliberate, Nushen stood with folded hands and said nothing. Abu alone kept repeating: "The state has come to this pass and can do nothing—whatever may yet be done, let us discuss it together," and wept as he spoke.
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明日戊辰，西面元帥崔立與其党孛術魯長哥、韓鐸、藥安國等為變，率甲卒二百橫刀入省中，拔劍指二相曰：「京城危困已極，二公坐視百姓餓死，恬不為慮，何也？」 二相大駭，曰：「汝輩有事，當好議之，何遽如是。」 立麾其党先殺阿不，次殺奴申及左司郎中納合德輝等，余見《崔立傳》。
The next day, on wuchen day, western marshal Cui Li and his followers Boshulu Changge, Han Duo, Yao Anguo, and others staged a mutiny. Leading two hundred armored soldiers with swords at the ready, they entered the secretariat, drew their blades, and pointed at the two chief ministers: "The capital's plight has reached its limit. You sit by while the people starve to death and show no concern—why?" The two ministers were terrified and said: "If you have grievances, let us discuss them properly—why act so rashly?" Cui Li signaled his men; they killed Abu first, then Nushen and left bureau director Nahe Dehui and others—the rest is recorded in the Biography of Cui Li.
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劉祁曰：「金自南渡之後，為宰執者往往無恢復之謀，臨事相習低言緩語，互相推讓，以為養相體。 每有四方災異、民間疾苦，將奏必相謂曰：'恐聖主心困。 '事至危處輒罷散，曰'俟再議'，已而複然。 或有言當改革者，輒以生事抑之，故所用必擇軟熟無鋒芒易制者用之。 每北兵壓境，則君臣相對泣下，或殿上發長籲而已。 兵退，則大張具，會飲黃閣中矣。 因循苟且，竟至亡國。 又多取渾厚少文者置之台鼎，宣宗嘗責丞相僕散七斤'近來朝廷紀綱安在'？ 七斤不能對，退謂郎官曰：'上問紀綱安在，汝等自來何嘗使紀綱見我。 '故正人君子多不見用，雖用亦未久而遽退也。」 祁字京叔，渾源人。
Liu Qi said: "After the Jin moved south of the river, those who served as chief ministers often had no plan for recovery. When crises arose they spoke in muted, measured tones and deferred to one another, calling it the proper dignity of a councilor. Whenever there were disasters in the provinces or suffering among the people, before memorializing they would tell one another: 'We must not trouble the emperor's peace of mind.' When matters grew critical they would adjourn, saying 'Let us discuss again later'—and afterward nothing would change. Anyone who urged reform was silenced as a troublemaker, so appointments invariably went to men who were mild, pliable, unremarkable, and easy to control. Whenever northern armies pressed the frontier, emperor and ministers would weep before one another, or let out long sighs in the hall—and do nothing more. When the enemy withdrew, they would lay out lavish banquets and feast together in the Yellow Pavilion. Through procrastination and expedience they brought the state to ruin. They also favored solid, unlettered men for the highest offices. Emperor Xuanzong once rebuked Chancellor Pushe Qijin: 'Where has the court's discipline gone lately?' Qijin could not answer. On retiring he told his staff: 'The emperor asks where discipline has gone—you yourselves have never let discipline reach me.' Thus upright men were seldom employed, and even when employed were soon dismissed." Qi, courtesy name Jingshu, was a native of Hunyuan.
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贊曰：劉京叔《歸潛志》與元裕之《壬辰雜編》二書雖微有異同，而金末喪亂之事猶有足征者焉。 哀宗北禦，以孤城弱卒托之奴申、阿不二人，可謂難矣。 雖然，即墨有安平君，玉壁有韋孝寬，必有以處此。
The encomium says: Liu Jingshu's Returning to Seclusion and Yuan Yuzhi's Miscellaneous Records of the Renchen Year, though they differ in minor details, still provide valuable testimony on the chaos at the end of the Jin. When Emperor Aizong went north to resist the invaders, entrusting a besieged city and a feeble garrison to Nushen and Abu alone, the task was formidable indeed. Even so, Jimo had Lord Ping of An, and Yubi had Wei Xiaokuan—surely there was a way to meet such a crisis.
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藥安國者，管州人，年二十餘，有勇力。 嘗為嵐州招撫使，以罪系開封獄，既出，貧無以為食。 立將為變，潛結納之，安國健啖，日飽之以魚，遂與之謀。 先以家置西城上，事不勝則挈以逃。 日與都尉楊善入省中候動靜，佈置已定，召善以早食，殺之。 二年正月，遂帥甲卒二百，撞省門而入。 二相聞變趨出，立拔劍曰：「京城危困，二公欲如何處之？」 二相曰：「事當好議之。」 立不顧，麾其党張信之、孛術魯長哥出省，二相遂遇害。 馳往東華門，道遇點檢溫屯阿裏，見其衷甲，殺之。 即諭百姓曰：「吾為二相閉門無謀，今殺之，為汝一城生靈請命。」 眾皆稱快。 是日，御史大夫裴滿阿忽帶、諫議大夫左右司郎中烏古孫奴申、左副點檢完顏阿散、奉禦忙哥、講議蒲察琦、戶部尚書完顏珠顆皆死。
Yao Anguo was from Guan Prefecture, a little over twenty years old, and known for his courage and strength. He had once served as pacification commissioner of Lan Prefecture. Convicted of a crime, he was imprisoned in Kaifeng; after his release he was destitute and without food. When Cui Li was planning his mutiny, he secretly recruited Anguo, a hearty eater whom he fed daily on fish until they joined in the plot. He first stationed his family on the western wall so that if the coup failed he could flee with them. Each day he entered the secretariat with commandant Yang Shan to watch for developments. Once everything was ready, he invited Shan to an early meal and killed him. In the first month of the second year he led two hundred armored soldiers, smashed through the secretariat gate, and entered. The two chief ministers, hearing the disturbance, rushed out. Cui Li drew his sword and said: "The capital is in desperate straits—what do you two intend to do about it?" The two ministers said: "This should be discussed properly." Cui Li paid no heed, signaled his men Zhang Xinzhi and Boshulu Changge, and the two chief ministers were killed. He galloped to the Eastern Flowery Gate. On the way he met inspector Wentun Ali, saw armor beneath his robe, and killed him. He immediately announced to the people: "The two chief ministers shut the gates and had no plan. I have killed them to plead for the lives of everyone in this city." The crowd cheered. That day censor-in-chief Peiman Ahudai, remonstrating censor and left and right bureau director Wugusun Nushen, left deputy inspector Wanyan Asan, attendant-in-ordinary Mangge, deliberator Pucha Qi, and minister of revenue Wanyan Zhuke were all killed.
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立還省中，集百官議所立。 立曰：「衛紹王太子從恪，其妹公主在北兵中，可立之。」 乃遣其党韓鐸以太后命往召從恪。 須臾入，以太后誥命梁王監國。 百官拜舞山呼，從恪受之，遂遣送二相所佩虎符詣速不泬納款。 凡除拜皆以監國為辭。 立自稱太師、軍馬都元帥、尚書令、鄭王，出入禦乘輿，稱其妻為王妃，弟倚為平章政事，侃為殿前都點檢。 其党孛術魯長哥御史中丞，韓鐸都元帥兼知開封府事，折希顏、藥安國、張軍奴並元帥，師肅左右司郎中，賈良兵部郎中兼右司都事，內府之事皆主之。 初，立假安國之勇以濟事，至是複忌之，聞安國納一都尉夫人，數其違約斬之。
Cui Li returned to the secretariat, gathered the officials, and deliberated whom to install as ruler. Cui Li said: "Prince Congke, son of Emperor Weishao, has a sister the princess held among the northern forces. He should be installed." He sent his follower Han Duo with the empress dowager's order to summon Congke. Shortly he arrived, and by the empress dowager's edict Prince Liang was made regent. The officials bowed and shouted their acclamation. Congke accepted the regency and sent the tiger tallies worn by the two chief ministers to Subutai to offer surrender. All appointments were issued in the regent's name. Cui Li styled himself grand preceptor, overall marshal of army and horse, director of the department of state affairs, and prince of Zheng. He rode the imperial carriage, called his wife princess consort, made his younger brother Yi grand councilor, and Kan chief inspector of the palace front. His followers received offices: Boshulu Changge became censor-in-chief; Han Duo overall marshal and concurrent prefect of Kaifeng; Zhe Xiyan, Yao Anguo, and Zhang Junnu all marshals; Shi Su left and right bureau director; Jia Liang bureau director of war and concurrent right bureau director. They controlled all inner palace affairs. At first Cui Li had relied on Anguo's courage for the coup, but now he grew jealous. Learning that Anguo had taken a commandant's wife, he accused him of breaking their pact and had him beheaded.
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壬申，速不泬至青城，立服禦衣，儀衛往見之。 大帥喜，飲之酒，立以父事之。 既還，悉燒京城樓櫓，火起，大帥大喜，始信其實降也。 立托以軍前索隨駕官吏家屬，聚之省中，人自閱之，日亂數人猶若不足。 又禁城中嫁娶，有以一女之故殺數人者。 未幾，遷梁王及宗室近族皆置宮中，以腹心守之，限其出入。 以荊王府為私第，取內府珍玩實之。 二月乙酉，以天子袞冕後服上進。 又括在城金銀，搜索薰灌，訊掠慘酷，百苦備至。 郕國夫人及內侍高佑、京民李民望之屬，皆死杖下。 溫屯衛尉親屬八人，不任楚毒，皆自盡。 白撒夫人、右丞李蹊妻子皆被掠死。 同惡相濟，視人如仇，期於必報而後已。 人人竊相謂曰：「攻城之後七八日之中，諸門出葬者開封府計之凡百余萬人，恨不早預其數而值此不幸也。」 立時與其妻入宮，兩宮賜之不可勝計。 立因諷太后作書陳天時人事，遣皇乳母招歸德。 當時冒進之徒爭援劉齊故事以冀非分者，比肩接武。
On renshen day Subutai reached Qingcheng. Cui Li wore imperial robes and went with full ceremonial guard to meet him. The great commander was pleased, offered him wine, and Cui Li treated him with a son's deference. On returning, he burned all the towers and stockades of the capital. When the flames rose, the great commander was delighted and at last believed the surrender was genuine. Cui Li claimed the army needed the families of officials who had accompanied the emperor, gathered them in the secretariat, and examined each in turn. Several people were seized every day, as if that were not enough. He also banned marriages in the city; over a single daughter several people were killed. Before long he moved Prince Liang and the nearest members of the imperial clan into the palace, guarded them with trusted men, and restricted their movements. He took Prince Jing's mansion as his private residence and stocked it with treasures from the inner palace. On yiyou day in the second month he presented the emperor's ceremonial robes and rear garments as tribute. He also seized all gold and silver in the city, using smoke searches and drenching, interrogation and torture of every cruelty imaginable. Lady of the State of Xing, inner attendant Gao You, capital resident Li Minwang, and others all died under the rod. Eight kinsmen of commandant of the guards Wentun, unable to endure the torture, all killed themselves. Lady Baisa and the wife and children of right councilor Li Xi were all seized and killed. They aided one another in wickedness, treated people as enemies, and would not rest until every score was settled. People whispered among themselves: "In the seven or eight days after the siege, Kaifeng prefecture counted more than a million bodies carried out for burial at the various gates. We regret not having died then rather than suffer this." Cui Li and his wife then entered the palace, where the empresses bestowed gifts beyond counting. Cui Li induced the empress dowager to write describing the situation and sent the imperial wet nurse to summon the court at Guide. At that time ambitious men citing the precedents of Liu Yu and the Qi state to seek improper rank crowded one after another.
12
四月壬辰，立以兩宮、梁王、荊王及諸宗室皆赴青城，甲午北行，立妻王氏備仗衛送兩宮至開陽門。 是日，宮車三十七兩，太后先，中宮次之，妃嬪又次之，宗族男女凡五百餘口，次取三教、醫流、工匠、繡女皆赴北。 四月，北兵入城。 立時在城外，兵先入其家，取其妻妾寶玉以出，立歸大慟，無如之何。
On renchen day in the fourth month Cui Li sent the empresses, Prince Liang, Prince Jing, and the entire imperial clan to Qingcheng. On jiawu day they departed north. His wife Lady Wang, with full ceremonial guard, escorted the empresses to the Kaiyang Gate. That day thirty-seven palace carriages set out—the empress dowager first, then the empress, then the consorts; more than five hundred men and women of the clan followed; then monks, Daoists, Confucians, physicians, artisans, and embroiderers were all taken north. In the fourth month the northern troops entered the city. Cui Li was outside the city at the time. Troops entered his house first, took his wives, concubines, and jewels, and left. When he returned he wept bitterly but could do nothing.
13
李琦者，山西人，為都尉，在陳州與粘哥奴申同行省事，陳州變，入京，附崔立妹婿折希顏，娶夾谷元之妻，妻年二十余，有姿色，立初拘隨駕官之家屬，妻輿病而往，得免。 琦娶之後，有言其美者，立欲強之。 琦每見立欲奪人妻，必差其夫遠出，一日差琦出京，琦以妻自隨，如是者再三，立遂欲殺琦。 琦又數為折希顏所折辱，乃首建殺立之謀。 李伯淵者，寶坻人，本安平都尉司千戶，美姿容，深沉有謀，每憤立不道，欲仗義殺之。 李賤奴者，燕人，嘗以軍功遙領京兆府判，壬辰冬，車駕東狩，以都尉權東面元帥。 立初反，以賤奴舊與敵體，頗貌敬之。 數月之後，勢已固，遂視賤奴如部曲然。 賤奴積不能平，數出怨言，至是與琦等合。 三年六月甲午，傳近境有宋軍，伯淵等陽與立謀備禦之策。 翌日晚，伯淵等燒外封丘門以警動立。 是夜，立殊不安，一夕百臥起。 比明，伯淵等身來約立視火，立從苑秀、折希顏數騎往，諭京城民十五以上、七十以下男子皆詣太廟街點集。 既還，行及梳行街，伯淵欲送立還二王府，立辭數四，伯淵必欲親送，立不疑，倉卒中就馬上抱立。 立顧曰：「汝欲殺我耶？」 伯淵曰：「殺汝何傷。」 即出匕首橫刺之，洞而中其手之抱立處，再刺之，立墜馬死。 伏兵起，元帥黃摑三合殺苑秀。 折希顏後至不知，見立墜馬，謂與人鬥，欲前解之，隨為軍士所斫，被創走梁門外，追斬之。 伯淵系立屍馬尾，至內前號於眾曰：「立殺害劫奪，烝淫暴虐，大逆不道，古今無有，當殺之不？」 萬口齊應曰：「寸斬之未稱也。」 乃梟立首，望承天門祭哀宗。 伯淵以下軍民皆慟，或剖其心生啖之。 以三屍掛闕前槐樹上，樹忽拔，人謂樹有靈，亦厭其為所汙。 已而有告立匿宮中珍玩，遂籍其家，以其妻王花兒賜丞相鎮海帳下士。
Li Qi was from Shanxi and served as a commandant. At Chen Prefecture he worked with Zhange Nushen as acting branch secretariat director. When Chen mutinied he fled to the capital and attached himself to Cui Li's brother-in-law Zhe Xiyan. He married the wife of Jiagu Yuan, a woman of more than twenty renowned for her beauty. When Cui Li first detained the families of officials who had accompanied the emperor, she went in a litter feigning illness and was spared. After Qi married her, word of her beauty reached Cui Li, who wished to take her by force. Whenever Cui Li coveted another man's wife, he sent the husband away on distant duty. One day he sent Qi out of the capital, but Qi took his wife with him. After this happened several times, Cui Li resolved to kill him. Qi had also been repeatedly humiliated by Zhe Xiyan and was the first to propose killing Cui Li. Li Boyuan was from Baodi, originally a chiliarch in the Anping commandant's office. Handsome and deep-thinking, he constantly resented Cui Li's wickedness and wished to kill him in the name of justice. Li Jianu was a man of Yan who had once held the distant post of Jingzhao prefect administrator by military merit. In the winter of the renchen year, when the emperor went east on campaign, he served as commandant and acting eastern marshal. When Cui Li first rebelled, because Jianu had formerly held rank equal to the enemy's commanders, he treated him with outward respect. After several months, once his power was secure, he treated Jianu like a common soldier. Jianu had long been unable to accept this and often voiced complaints. By now he joined with Qi and the others. On jiawu day in the sixth month of the third year, word spread that Song troops were near the border. Boyuan and the others pretended to consult with Cui Li on defensive plans. The next evening Boyuan and his men burned the outer Fengqiu Gate to alarm Cui Li. That night Cui Li was extremely uneasy, rising and lying down a hundred times. At dawn Boyuan and the others came in person to invite Cui Li to inspect the fire. Cui Li went with Yuan Xiu, Zhe Xiyan, and several horsemen and ordered all men in the capital aged fifteen to seventy to assemble on Taibao Street for roll call. On the return, reaching Shuxing Street, Boyuan offered to escort Cui Li back to the Prince of Zheng's mansion. Cui Li declined several times, but Boyuan insisted on escorting him personally. Unsuspecting, Cui Li was embraced on horseback in the sudden move. Cui Li looked back and said: "Do you mean to kill me?" Boyuan said: "What harm is there in killing you?" He drew a dagger and stabbed across, piercing through his hand where it held Cui Li. He stabbed again, and Cui Li fell from his horse dead. Ambush troops rose up, and marshal Huangga Sanhe killed Yuan Xiu. Zhe Xiyan arrived later unaware of the plot. Seeing Cui Li fall from his horse, he thought he was fighting someone and tried to intervene. Soldiers hacked him down. Wounded, he fled outside the Liang Gate and was pursued and beheaded. Boyuan tied Cui Li's corpse to a horse's tail, came before the inner palace, and shouted to the crowd: "Cui Li murdered, plundered, committed incest, and was violent and tyrannical—treason without parallel in history. Was he not rightly killed?" Ten thousand voices answered as one: "Death by inch-long cuts would not be punishment enough." They displayed Cui Li's head on a pole, faced the Gate of Receiving Heaven, and offered sacrifice to Emperor Aizong. From Boyuan down, soldiers and civilians wept; some cut out his heart and ate it raw. The three corpses were hung on the locust tree before the palace gate. The tree suddenly uprooted itself; people said the tree had a spirit and loathed being defiled by them. Before long someone reported that Cui Li had hidden palace treasures. His property was inventoried, and his wife Wang Hua'er was given to a soldier under Chancellor Zhenhai.
14
初，立之變也，前護衛蒲鮮石魯負祖宗禦容五，走蔡。 前御史中丞蒲察世達、西面元帥把撒合挈其家亦自拔歸蔡。 七月己巳，以世達為尚書吏部侍郎，權行六部尚書。 世達嘗為左司郎中，同簽樞密院事，充益政院官，皆稱上意。 及上幸歸德，遣世達督陳糧運。 陳變，世達亦與脅從，尋間道之汴，至是徒往行在，上念其舊，錄用之。 左右司官因奏把撒合、石魯亦宜任用，上曰：「世達曲從，非出得已，然朕猶少降資級，以示薄罰。 彼撒合掌軍一面，石魯宿衛九重，崔立之變，曾不聞發一矢，束手於人。 今雖來歸，待以不死，足以示恩，又安得與世達等？ 撒合老矣，量用其子可也。 石魯但當酬其負禦容之勞。」 未幾，以撒合為北門都尉，其子為本軍都統。 石魯複充護衛。 世達字正夫，泰和三年進士。
When Cui Li mutinied, former guard Puxian Shilu carried off five imperial portraits of the ancestors and fled to Cai. Former censor-in-chief Pucha Shida and western marshal Basage also broke out with their families and returned to Cai. On jisi day in the seventh month Shida was appointed vice minister of personnel of the department of state affairs, acting for the six ministries. Shida had once served as left bureau director, concurrent signatory of the bureau of military affairs, and officer of the Yizheng Court—all posts in which he had pleased the emperor. When the emperor went to Guide, he sent Shida to supervise grain transport from Chen. When Chen mutinied, Shida was also forced to follow. He soon took a hidden route to Bian and then went to the mobile court. The emperor, recalling his past service, reappointed him. The left and right bureau officials memorialized that Basage and Shilu should also be employed. The emperor said: "Shida bent to circumstances—not willingly—yet I still lowered his rank slightly to show a light punishment. Basage commanded one sector of the army and Shilu guarded the palace. At Cui Li's mutiny neither loosed a single arrow and both submitted helplessly. Now that they have returned, sparing their lives is grace enough. How can they be treated like Shida? Basage is old; employing his son will suffice. Shilu need only be rewarded for carrying off the imperial portraits. Before long Basage was made commandant of the north gate, and his son commander of the original army. Shilu again served as a guard. Shida, courtesy name Zhengfu, was a jinshi of Taihe 3.
15
論曰：崔立納款，使其封府庫、籍人民以俟大朝之命可也。 乘時僭竊，大肆淫虐，征索暴橫，輒以供備大軍為辭，逞欲由己，斂怨歸國，其為罪不容誅矣。 而其志方且要求劉豫之事，我大朝豈肯效尤金人者乎！ 金俘人之主，帝人之臣，百年之後適啟崔立之狂謀，以成青城之烈禍。 曾子曰：「戒之戒之，出乎爾者，反乎爾者也。」 豈不信哉！
The discussion says: If Cui Li had offered submission, sealed the treasuries, and registered the people while awaiting the Great Court's orders, that would have been acceptable. Instead he seized power, indulged in debauchery and cruelty, extorted with violent arrogance, always citing provision for the great army as his excuse, indulged his own desires, and heaped resentment on the state. His crimes deserved death many times over. Yet he even aspired to the role of Liu Yu. Would our Great Court imitate what the Jin had done! The Jin had captured another sovereign and made him their subject-emperor. A century later this opened the way for Cui Li's mad plot and the terrible calamity at Qingcheng. Zengzi said: "Take heed, take heed—what goes out from you returns upon you." How true indeed!
16
聶天驥
Nie Tianji
17
聶天驥，字元吉，五台人。 至甯元年進士，調汝陰簿，曆睢州司候、封丘令。 興定初，辟為尚書省令史。 時胥吏擅威，士人往往附之，獨天驥不少假借，彼亦不能害也。 尋授吏部主事，權監察御史。 夏使賀正旦，互市于會同館，外戚有身貿易於其間者，天驥上章曰：「大官近利，失朝廷體，且取輕外方。」 遂忤太后旨。 出為同知汝州防禦使事，未赴，陝西行尚書省驛召，特旨遙領金安軍節度副使，兼行尚書省都事。 未幾，人為右司員外郎，轉京兆治中，尋為衛州行尚書六部事。 慶陽圍急，朝廷遣宿州總帥牙古塔救之，以天驥充經歷官。 圍解，從別帥守邠，帥欲棄州而東，天驥力勸止之，不從，帥坐是被系逮，天驥降京兆治中。 尋有訟其冤者，即召為開封簽事，旬月複右司員外郎。 丁母憂，未卒哭，奪哀複職。 哀宗遷歸德，天驥留汴中。 崔立變，天驥被創甚，臥一十餘日。 其女舜英謁醫救療，天驥歎曰：「吾幸得死，兒女曹乃為謁醫，尚欲我活耶？」 竟鬱鬱以死。 舜英葬其父，明日亦自縊，有傳。
Nie Tianji, courtesy name Yuanji, was a native of Wutai. He passed the jinshi examination in Zhiying 1, was assigned as clerk of Yuyin, and served successively as judicial officer of Sui Prefecture and magistrate of Fengqiu. At the beginning of Xingding he was recruited as a clerk of the department of state affairs. At that time clerks monopolized power and gentlemen often curried favor with them, but Tianji alone would not yield, and they could not harm him. Before long he was appointed director of the ministry of personnel and acting supervising censor. When the Xia envoy came for New Year's congratulations, trade was conducted at the Hall of Mutual Accord. A maternal relative of the emperor traded there in person. Tianji memorialized: "High officials pursuing profit disgrace the court and invite contempt from foreign states." This offended the empress dowager. He was sent out as associate administrator of the Ru prefecture defense commission but did not take up the post. The Shaanxi branch secretariat summoned him by post relay, and by special edict he held the distant post of vice military commissioner of the Jin'an army and concurrent director of the branch secretariat. Before long he became right bureau vice director, was transferred to Jingzhao administrator, and soon became acting director of the six ministries of the branch secretariat at Wei Prefecture. When the siege of Qingyang grew urgent, the court sent Suzhou overall commander Yaguta to relieve it, with Tianji as administrative officer. When the siege was lifted, he followed another commander to hold Bin. The commander wished to abandon the prefecture and flee east. Tianji strongly urged him to stay but was ignored. The commander was arrested, and Tianji was demoted to Jingzhao administrator. Before long someone petitioned on his behalf. He was summoned as signing officer of Kaifeng and within ten days was again made right bureau vice director. He entered mourning for his mother, but before the mourning period was complete he was recalled from mourning and restored to office. When Emperor Aizong moved to Guide, Tianji remained in Kaifeng. At Cui Li's mutiny Tianji was severely wounded and lay abed for more than ten days. His daughter Shunying went to beg physicians to treat him. Tianji sighed and said: "I was fortunate enough to die—must you children beg physicians? Do you still want me to live?" He ultimately died in grief and distress. Shunying buried her father; the next day she hanged herself. She has a separate biography.
18
天驥沉靜寡言，不妄交。 起於田畝，能以雅道自將，踐曆台省若素宦然，諸人多自以為不及也。
Tianji was calm and reserved, spoke little, and did not associate lightly. Rising from humble origins, he conducted himself by refined principles and moved through the high offices as if born to them. Many considered themselves his inferior.
19
赤盞尉忻
Chizhan Weixin
20
赤盞尉忻，字大用，上京人。 當襲其父謀克，不願就，中明昌五年策論進士第。 後選為尚書省令史、吏部主事、監察御史，言「諸王駙馬至京師和買諸物，失朝廷體。」 有詔禁止。 遷鎮南軍節度副使、息州刺史。 耕鞠場種禾，兩禾合穗，進於朝，特詔褒諭。 改丹州，遷鄭州防禦使，權許州統軍使。 丞相高汝礪嘗薦其才可任宰相。 元光二年正月，召為戶部侍郎。 未幾，權參知政事。 二月，為戶部尚書，權職如故。 三月，拜參知政事，兼修國史。 詔諭近臣曰：「尉忻資稟純質，事可倚任，且其性孝，朕今相之，國家必有望，汝輩當效之也。」 正大元年五月，拜尚書右丞。 哀宗欲修宮室，尉忻極諫，至是臥薪嚐膽為言，上悚然從之。 同判睦親府內族撒合輦交結中外，久在禁近。 哀宗為太子，有定策功，由是頗惑其言，複倚信日深，台諫每以為言。 太后嘗戒敕曰：「上之騎鞠舉樂，皆汝教之，再犯必杖汝。」 哀宗終不能去。 尉忻諫曰：「撒合輦奸諛之最，日在天子左右，非社稷福。」 上悔悟，出為中京留守，朝論快之。 五年，致仕，居汴中，崔立之變明日，召家人付以後事，望睢陽慟哭，以弓弦自縊而死，時年六十三。 一子名董七，沒於兵間。 弟秉甫，字正之。
Chizhan Weixin, courtesy name Dayong, was a native of Shangjing. He was to inherit his father's military colony post but declined it and passed the Policy Discourse jinshi examination in Mingchang 5. He was later selected as clerk of the department of state affairs, director of the ministry of personnel, and supervising censor, and said: "When princes and imperial sons-in-law come to the capital and forcibly purchase goods, the court loses dignity." An edict forbade the practice. He was transferred to vice military commissioner of the Zhennan army and prefect of Xi Prefecture. He planted grain on the cuju field, and two stalks joined in one ear. He presented this to the court and received a special edict of praise. He was moved to Dan Prefecture, promoted to defense commissioner of Zheng Prefecture, and made acting overall commander of Xu Prefecture. Chancellor Gao Rulue once recommended him as fit for the chancellorship. In the first month of Yuanguang 2 he was summoned as vice minister of revenue. Before long he was made acting vice grand councilor. In the second month he became minister of revenue while retaining his acting duties. In the third month he was appointed vice grand councilor and concurrent compiler of the national history. An edict told the close ministers: "Weixin's character is pure and solid and he may be relied upon in affairs. Moreover he is filial. I now make him councilor—the state must have hope. You should take him as your model." In the fifth month of Zhengda 1 he was appointed right vice director of the department of state affairs. When Emperor Aizong wished to repair the palace buildings, Weixin remonstrated fiercely, even invoking the example of sleeping on brushwood and tasting gall. The emperor was startled and complied. Associate administrator of the Muxin princely establishment, inner clansman Sagelian, cultivated connections throughout the court and had long been in the inner circle. When Emperor Aizong was crown prince, Sagelian had helped settle the succession. For this reason the emperor was much swayed by his words and relied on him ever more deeply. The censorate often remonstrated about this. The empress dowager once admonished him: "The emperor's riding, cuju, and music—all were taught by you. Offend again and you will be beaten." In the end Emperor Aizong could not remove him. Weixin remonstrated: "Sagelian is the worst of flatterers and sycophants. Day after day he is at the emperor's side. This is no blessing to the state." The emperor repented and sent him out as defender of Zhongjing, to the satisfaction of court opinion. In the fifth year he retired and lived in Kaifeng. The day after Cui Li's mutiny he summoned his family, entrusted them with his final affairs, looked toward Suiyang and wept bitterly, then hanged himself with a bowstring. He was sixty-three. He had one son named Dongqi, who perished in the warfare. His younger brother Bingfu, courtesy name Zhengzhi.
21
贊曰：聶天驥素履清慎，赤盞尉忻天資忠諒，在治世皆足為良臣，不幸仕亂離之朝，以得死為願欲，哀哉！
The encomium says: Nie Tianji lived with purity and caution; Chizhan Weixin was loyal and sincere by nature. In an age of peace both would have been fine ministers. Unhappily they served a court torn by chaos and took death as their dearest wish. How lamentable!