1
王遜蔡豹羊鑒劉胤桓宣 〈（族子伊）〉 硃伺毛寶 〈（子穆之）〉 劉遐鄧嶽 〈（子遐）〉 硃序
Biographies grouped here open with Wang Xun, Cai Bao, Yang Jian, Liu Yin, and Huan Xuan. (Their kinsman Huan Yi)〉 Zhu Si and Mao Bao. (His son Mao Muzhi)〉 Liu Xia and Deng Yue. (His son Liu Xia)〉 Zhu Xu.
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王遜，字邵伯，魏興人也。 仕郡察孝廉，為吏部令史，轉殿中將軍。 累遷上洛太守。 私牛馬在郡生駒犢者，秩滿悉以付官，雲是郡中所產也。 轉魏興太守。 惠帝末，西南夷叛，甯州刺史李毅卒，城中百餘人奉毅女固守經年。 永嘉四年，治中毛孟詣京師求刺史，不見省。 孟固陳曰：「君亡親喪，幽閉窮城，萬里訴哀，不垂湣救。 既慚包胥無哭秦之感，又愧梁妻無崩城之驗，存不若亡，乞賜臣死。」 朝廷憐之，乃以遜為南夷校尉、甯州刺史，使于郡便之鎮。 與孟俱行，道遇寇賊，逾年乃至。 外逼李雄，內有夷寇，吏士散沒，城邑丘墟。 遜披荒糾厲，收聚離散，專杖威刑，鞭撻殊俗。 遜未到州，遙舉董聯為秀才，建甯功曹周悅謂聯非才，不下版檄。 遜既到，收悅殺之。 悅弟潛謀殺遜，以前建甯太守趙混子濤代為刺史。 事覺，並誅之。 又誅豪右不奉法度者數十家。 征伐諸夷，俘馘千計，獲馬及牛羊數萬餘，於是莫不振服，威行寧土。 又遣子澄奉表勸進於元帝，帝嘉之，累加散騎常侍、安南將軍、假節，校尉、刺史如故，賜爵褒中縣公。 遜以地勢形便，上分牂柯為平夷郡，分硃提為南廣郡，分建甯為夜郎郡，分永昌為梁水郡，又改益州郡為晉寧郡，事皆施行。
Wang Xun of Weixing bore the courtesy name Shaobo. County nomination raised him to ministry clerk, then imperial guards captain. He rose to governor Shangluo. Any beasts bred under his rule he surrendered at term’s end as county-born stock. Next he governed Weixing. Southwestern tribes rose as Hui tottered; Li Yi fell at Ningzhou, leaving a hundred defenders rallying around his daughter for a year. Yongjia 4 sent Mao Meng pleading at Luoyang—court ignored him. Meng protested: “Rulers perish while cities choke—we shout leagues away yet mercy never stirs. We lack Shen Baoxu’s tears before Qin or widow Liang’s collapsing grief—living now dishonors dying—strike me dead.” Moved, court named Xun southern colonel and Ningzhou inspector with mandate from county seat onward. Bandits harried their march beyond a year. Li Xiong strangled supply lines while tribes ravaged within until garrisons vanished into ash heaps. He hacked roads from ruin, welded law through terror, herded exiles with scourges tuned to frontier tribes. Still en route he tapped Dong Lian as xiucai; Zhou Yue withheld commission. Arrival meant Yue’s arrest and blade. Brother Qian schemed assassination and Zhao Tao’s coup. Exposure doomed every conspirator. Magnates mocking law numbered dozens beheaded. Frontier strikes piled trophies—thousands of skulls, myriad herds—until submission rippled province-wide. Son Cheng’s accession memorial won stacks of titles—palace rider, southern pacifier, credential bearer—plus Baozhong duke. He carved new commands—Pingyi, Nanguang, Yelang, Liangshui—and rechristened Yizhou as Jining—throne stamped each map.
3
先是，越巂太守李釗為李雄所執，自蜀逃歸，遜復以釗為越巂太守。 李雄遣李驤、任回攻釗，釗自南秦與漢嘉太守王載共距之，戰於溫水，釗敗績，載遂以二郡附雄。 後驤等又渡瀘水寇寧州，遜使將軍姚崇、爨琛距之，戰於堂狼，大破驤等，崇追至瀘水，透水死者千餘人。 崇以道遠不敢渡水，遜以崇不窮追也，怒囚群帥，執崇，鞭之，怒甚，發上沖冠，冠為之裂，夜中卒。
Li Zhao escaped Xiong’s cage to Shu margins; Xun restored his Yuegui seal. Xiong’s generals shattered Zhao at Warm Water; Wang Zai handed twin prefectures to Cheng. Xiang forded Lu and fell to Yao Chong’s Tanglang trap—corpses jammed the ford. Chong halted at Lu banks; Xun flogged him until hairpins snapped—apoplexy killed him overnight.
4
遜在州十四年，州人復立遜中子堅行州府事。 詔除堅為南夷校尉、甯州刺史、假節，諡遜曰壯。 陶侃懼堅不能抗對蜀人，太寧末，表以零陵太守尹奉為寧州，征堅還京，病卒。 兄澄襲爵，曆魏興太守、散騎常侍。
Fourteen years later provincials raised middle heir Jian as steward. The court confirmed Jian's seal and gave Wang Xun the posthumous title Zhuang. Tao Kan doubted Jian’s spine—late Taining swapped in Yin Feng; Jian perished traveling east. Brother Cheng took the dukedom through Weixing and palace posts.
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蔡豹，字士宣，陳留圉城人。 高祖質，漢衛尉，左中郎將邕之叔父也。 祖睦，魏尚書。 父宏，陰平太守。 豹有氣幹，曆河南丞，長樂、清河太守。 避亂南渡，元帝以為振武將軍、臨淮太守，遷建威將軍、徐州刺史。 初，祖逖為徐州，豹為司馬，素易豹。 至是，逖為豫州，而豹為徐州，俱受征討之寄，逖甚愧之。
Cai Bao styled Shixuan hailed from Chenliu’s Yucheng. Ancestor Zhi commanded Han guards—kin to Cai Yong. Grandfather Mu ran Wei’s secretariat. Father Hong held Yinping. Capable and bold, he filled Henan aide and twin governorships. Flight south won him rousing-might general, Linhuai governor, then building-might general atop Xuzhou. Zu Ti once commanded Xuzhou with Bao as major—Ti sneered. Now equals in border commands, Ti smarted.
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是時太山太守徐龕與彭城內史劉遐同討反賊周撫於寒山，龕將於藥斬撫。 及論功，而遐先之。 龕怒，乙太山叛，自號安北將軍、兗州刺史，攻破東莞太守侯史旄而據其塢。 石季龍伐之，龕懼，求降，元帝許焉。 既而復叛歸石勒，勒遣其將王伏都、張景等數百騎助龕。 詔征虜將軍羊鑒、武威將軍侯禮、臨淮太守劉遐、鮮卑段文鴦等與豹共討之。 諸將畏懦，頓兵下邳，不敢前。 豹欲進軍，鑒固不許。 龕遣使請救於勒，勒辭以外難，而多求於龕。 又王伏都等淫其室。 龕知勒不救，且患伏都等縱暴，乃殺之，復求降。 元帝惡其反覆不納，敕豹、鑒以時進討。 鑒及劉遐等並疑憚不相聽從，互有表聞，故豹久不得進。 尚書令刁協奏曰：「臣等伏思淮北征軍已失不速，今方盛暑，冒涉山險，山人便弓弩，習土俗，一人守厄，百夫不當。 且運漕至難，一朝糧乏，非復智力所能防禦也。 《書》云寧致人，不致於人。 宜頓兵所在，深壁固壘，至秋不了，乃進大軍。」 詔曰：「知難而退，誠合兵家之言。 然小賊雖狡猾，故成擒耳。 未戰而退，先自摧衄，亦古之所忌。 且邵存已據賊壘，威勢既振，不可退一步也。」 於是遣治書御史郝嘏為行台，催攝令進討。 豹欲徑進，鑒執不聽。 協又奏免鑒官，委豹為前鋒，以鑒兵配之，降號折沖將軍，以責後效。 豹進據卞城，欲以逼龕。 時石季龍屯钜平，將攻豹，豹夜遁。 退守下邳。 徐龕襲取豹輜重于檀丘，將軍留寵、陸黨力戰，死之。
Taishan’s Xu Kan and Pengcheng’s Liu Xia attacked Zhou Fu at Hanshan; Yu Yao took Fu’s head. Credit lists placed Xia ahead. Kan rebelled as northern pacifier, cracked Dongguan’s Hou Shi Mao, and squatted his bastion. Shi Hu’s pressure broke Kan into submission—court OK’d. Kan flipped back to Shi Le; Le lent cavalry captains. Court tasked Yang Jian, Hou Li, Liu Xia, Duan Wenying, and Bao with Kan’s ruin. Coalition froze at Xiapi. Bao pressed attack; Jian vetoed. Kan begged Le; Le invented excuses while squeezing tribute. Le’s riders raped Kan’s women. Kan slaughtered Le’s captains and renewed capitulation. Throne spurned another fake surrender—ordered attack. Mutual suspicion clogged paperwork—Bao stalled. Diao Xie warned: “Summer columns crossing tribal ridges face ambush archers—single chokepoints swallow armies. River logistics snap easily—starvation erases strategy. The 《Documents》 counsels making the foe come to you rather than rushing into his trap. Park troops, thicken walls, strike after harvest if needed.” Edict answered: “Withdrawal on hardship matches canon. Small prey still snares. Unbloodied retreat shames ancient wisdom. Shao Cun grips Kan’s nest—advance only.” Court fired Hao Jia east to whip generals. Bao demanded frontal strike—Jian blocked. Xie cashiered Jian, handed his men to Bao as crack general—demotion pending victory. Bao seized Biancheng to pinch Kan. Shi Hu loomed at Juping—Bao bolted. He hugged Xiapi walls. Kan looted Tanqiu trains—Liu Chong and Lu Dang died holding line.
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豹既敗，將歸謝罪，北中郎王舒止之，曰：「胡寇方至，使君且當攝職，為百姓障捍。 賊退謝罪，不晚也。」 豹從之。 元帝聞豹退，使收之。 使者至，王舒夜以兵圍豹，豹以為他難，率麾下擊之，聞有詔乃止。 舒執豹，送至建康，斬之，屍於市三日，時年五十二。
Shu counseled: “Nomads loom—cling to command, shield folk. Resign after crisis ebbs.” Bao stayed. Throne ordered Bao seized. Shu’s midnight cordon looked like mutiny until imperial voice clarified. Jiankang execution followed—corpse hung market three days at fifty-two.
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豹在徐土，內撫將士，外懷諸眾，甚得遠近情，聞其死，多悼惜之。 無子，兄子裔字元子，散騎常侍、兗州刺史、高陽鄉侯。 殷浩北伐，使裔率眾出彭城，卒於軍。
Soldiers and settlers mourned his fairness. Nephew Yi inherited fame—palace rider, Yanzhou inspector, Gaoyang marquis. Yin Hao’s war consumed Yi at Pengcheng.
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劉胤，字承胤，東萊掖人，漢齊悼惠王肥之後也，美姿容，善自任遇，交結時豪，名著海岱間，士咸慕之。 舉賢良，辟司空掾，並不就。 且天下大亂，攜母欲避地遼東，路經幽州，刺史王浚留胤，表為渤海太守。 浚敗，轉依冀州刺史邵續。 續徒眾寡弱，謀降于石勒，胤言于續曰：「夫田單、包胥，齊楚之小吏耳，猶能存已滅之邦，全喪敗之國。 今將軍杖精銳之眾，居全勝之城，如何墜將登之功於一蕢，委忠信之人於豺狼乎！ 且項羽、袁紹非不強也，高祖縞冠，人應如響； 曹公奉帝，而諸侯綏穆。 何者？ 蓋逆順之理殊，自然之數定也。 況夷戎丑類，屯結無賴，雖有犬羊之盛，終有庖宰之患，而欲托根結援，無乃殆哉！」 續曰：「若如君言，計將安出？」 胤曰：「琅邪王以聖德欽明，創基江左，中興之隆可企踵而待。 今為將軍計者，莫若抗大順以激義士之心，奉忠正以厲軍人之志。 夫機事在密，時至難違，存亡廢興，在此舉矣。」 續從之，乃殺異議者數人，遣使江南，朝廷嘉之。 胤仍求自行，續厚遣之。
Handsome Liu Yin of Donglai, Qi royal blood, dazzled coastal elites. Court nominations went unanswered. Flight toward Liaodong trapped him under Wang Jun’s Bohai appointment. Jun’s collapse drove him to Shao Xu. Yin pleaded: “Tian Dan and Shen Baoxu were clerks yet rebuilt kingdoms. Why junk victory-in-hand to jackals? Tyrants fell before Liu Bang’s plain cap; Cao Cao’s imperial puppet soothed lords. Why? Righteous mandate decides fate. Alien packs swarm yet await slaughter—allying courts doom.” Xu pressed strategy.” Yin urged Langya prince’s rising mandate eastward. Wave righteous banner—steel men’s spines. Secret timing seals destiny.” Xu slew doubters, hailed Jin court—praise followed. Liu Yin again asked to travel on his own behalf, and Shao Xu sent him off with generous support.
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既至，元帝命為丞相參軍，累遷尚書吏部郎。 胤聞石季龍攻厭次，言於元帝曰：「北方鎮皆沒，惟余邵續而已。 如使君為季龍所制，孤義士之心，阻歸本之路。 愚謂宜存救援。」 元帝將遣救之，會續已沒而止。 王敦素與胤交，甚欽貴之，請為右司馬。 胤知敦有不臣心，枕疾不視事，以是忤敦意，出為豫章太守，辭以腳疾，詔就家授印綬。 郡人莫鴻，南土豪族，因亂，殺本縣令，橫恣無道，百姓患之。 胤至，誅鴻及諸豪右，界內肅然。 咸和初，為平南軍司，加散騎常侍。 蘇峻作亂，溫嶠率眾而下，留胤等守溢口。 事平，以勳賜爵豐城子。 俄而代嶠為平南將軍、都督江州諸軍事、領江州刺史、假節。
Once he reached the court, Emperor Yuan appointed him aide to the Chancellor of State and later promoted him repeatedly to Gentleman of the Ministry of Personnel. When Liu Yin learned that Shi Jilong was assaulting Yanqi, he told Emperor Yuan: "Every northern bastion is gone except Shao Xu. If you fall under Jilong's thumb, you will strand loyal hearts and cut off the routes home for those who would serve the dynasty. In my humble view we should send relief and keep him alive." Emperor Yuan was ready to send aid, but Shao Xu had already fallen, so the plan was dropped. Wang Dun had always been close to Liu Yin and held him in high regard; he asked to have Yin serve as Right Major Clerk. Liu Yin saw that Wang Dun nursed treasonous ambitions, so he stayed bedridden and refused to handle affairs; Wang Dun took offense, transferred him to Yuzhang as administrator, and when Yin cited bad feet the throne ordered the seals delivered to his house regardless. Mo Hong of the commandery, a wealthy southern magnate, used the chaos to murder the sitting magistrate and terrorized the district until the people groaned under him. Liu Yin executed Mo Hong and the rest of the local strongmen, and the jurisdiction fell quiet. Early in the Xianhe reign he was named army supervisor under the general Who Pacifies the South and was also given the title of ordinary attendant cavalier at court. During Su Jun's revolt, Wen Qiao marched downstream while Liu Yin and others were left to hold Yikou. After peace returned he received the merit title of Viscount of Fengcheng. Before long he replaced Wen Qiao as general Who Pacifies the South, governor of Jiangzhou military affairs, inspector of the province, and bearer of the credential staff.
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胤位任轉高，矜豪日甚，縱酒耽樂，不恤政事，大殖財貨，商販百萬。 初，胤之代嶠也，遠近皆為謂非選。 陶侃、郗鑒咸雲胤非方伯才，朝廷不從。 或問王悅曰：「今大難之後，綱紀弛頓，自江陵至於建康三千餘里，流人萬計，布在江州。 江州，國之南籓，要害之地，而胤以侈忲之性，臥而對之，不有外變，必有內患。」 悅曰：「聞溫平南語家公雲，連得惡夢，思見代者。 尋雲可用劉胤。 此乃溫意，非家公也。」 是時朝廷空罄，百官無祿，惟資江州運漕。 而胤商旅繼路，以私廢公。 有司奏免胤官。 書始下，而胤為郭默所害，年四十九。
Power went to Liu Yin's head: he drank and reveled, ignored administration, hoarded coin, and ran merchant ventures worth millions. When Liu Yin first stepped into Wen Qiao's shoes, everyone near and far agreed it was the wrong choice. Tao Kan and Xi Jian both warned that Liu Yin was no provincial governor, yet the court brushed them aside. A courtier asked Wang Yue: "The realm has barely survived disaster; from Jiangling to Jiankang—over three thousand li—discipline is frayed and tens of thousands of refugees blanket Jiangzhou. Jiangzhou is the dynasty's southern shield, yet Liu Yin, vain and domineering, lounges over it; even without foreign attack, trouble will brew within." Wang Yue replied: "Minister Wen told my father he suffered nightmares and wanted a successor. Soon afterward he named Liu Yin as acceptable. That was Wen Qiao's notion, not my father's judgment." The treasury was bare and no salary reached the ministers; everyone lived off grain convoys from Jiangzhou. Meanwhile Liu Yin's trading trains clogged the highways and private gain trumped the public good. The bureaus memorialized to strip Liu Yin of his post. The edict had scarcely gone out when Guo Mo killed him; Liu Yin was forty-nine.
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子赤松嗣，尚南平長公主，位至黃門郎、義興太守。
His heir Chisong succeeded to the title, married the Princess of Nanping, and reached the offices of palace gentleman and administrator of Yixing.
13
桓宣，譙國銍人也。 祖詡，義陽太守。 父弼，冠軍長史。 宣開濟篤素，為元帝丞相舍人。 時塢主張平自稱豫州刺史，樊雅自號譙郡太守，各據一城，眾數千人。 帝以宣信厚，又與平、雅同州裏，轉宣為參軍，使就平、雅。 平、雅遣軍主簿隨宣詣丞相府受節度，帝皆加四品將軍，即其所部，使捍禦北方。 南中郎將王含請宣為參軍。
Huan Xuan came from Zhi in Qiao commandery. His grandfather Huan Xu had served as administrator of Yiyang. His father Huan Bi was chief clerk on the staff of the Champion general. Huan Xuan was generous, steady, and unpretentious, and he became a secretary under Emperor Yuan's chancellor. The stockade chief Zhang Ping claimed the title of inspector of Yuzhou while Fan Ya styled himself administrator of Qiao; each held a citadel and commanded several thousand men. Emperor Yuan trusted Huan Xuan's integrity and their common roots with Zhang Ping and Fan Ya, so he moved Xuan onto staff duty and sent him to treat with the pair. Zhang Ping and Fan Ya sent regimental clerks to escort Huan Xuan to the chancellor's office for orders; the emperor named each a fourth-rank general over his own men to hold the northern frontier. Wang Han, general Who Guards the South, asked for Huan Xuan as an aide.
14
頃之，豫州刺史祖逖出屯蘆洲，遣參軍殷乂詣平、雅。 乂意輕平，視其屋，雲當持作馬廄，見大鑊，欲鑄作鐵器。 平曰：「此是帝王大鑊，天下定後方當用之，奈何打破！」 乂曰：「卿能保頭不？ 而惜大鑊邪！」 平大怒，於坐斬乂，阻兵固守。 歲餘，逖攻平殺之，而雅據譙城。 逖以力弱，求助於含，含遣宣領兵五百助逖。 逖謂宣曰：「卿先已說平、雅，信義大著於彼。 今復為我說雅。 雅若降者，方相擢用，不但免死而已。」 宣復單馬從兩人詣雅，曰：「祖逖方欲平蕩二寇，每何卿為援。 前殷乂輕薄，非豫州意。 今若和解，則忠勳可立，富貴可保。 若猶固執，東府赫然更遣猛將，以卿烏合之眾，憑阻窮城，強賊伺其北，國家攻其南，萬無一全也。 願善量之。」 雅與宣置酒結友，遣子隨宣詣逖。 少日，雅便自詣逖，逖遣雅還撫其眾。 雅僉謂前數罵辱，懼罪不敢降。 雅復閉城自守。 逖往攻之，復遣宣入說雅。 雅即斬異己者，遂出降。 未幾，石勒別將圍譙城，含又遣宣率眾救逖，未至而賊退。 逖留宣討諸未服，皆破之。 遷譙國內史。
Soon Zu Ti, inspector of Yuzhou, advanced to Luzhou and sent his aide Yin Yi to Zhang Ping and Fan Ya. Yin Yi treated Zhang Ping with contempt, sized up his halls as future horse stalls, and eyed a ritual cauldron as scrap iron. Zhang Ping cried: "That is the imperial cauldron for the day the realm is pacified—how dare you break it!" Yin Yi shot back: "Can you even keep your head? And you worry about a kettle!" Zhang Ping flew into a rage, executed Yin Yi at the table, and shut his gates for war. A year later Zu Ti assaulted Zhang Ping and slew him while Fan Ya still held Qiao. Zu Ti's forces were thin, so he begged Wang Han for help; Han detached Huan Xuan with five hundred soldiers. Zu Ti told Huan Xuan: "You already won Zhang Ping and Fan Ya with your word; your honor shines there. Go speak to Fan Ya again on my behalf. If Fan Ya yields, he will be lifted up and employed, not merely spared execution." Huan Xuan rode again with only two followers and said: "Zu Ti means to crush both rebels and leans on you again and again as his ally. Yin Yi's insults were his alone; they were not Zu Ti's wish. Make peace now and you can win lasting merit and keep rank and riches. If you cling to defiance, the eastern command will answer with seasoned generals; trapped in a broken wall with raiders to your north and imperial troops to your south, almost none of you would survive. Think it through carefully." Fan Ya drank with Huan Xuan, pledged friendship, and sent his son back with him to Zu Ti. Days later Fan Ya presented himself to Zu Ti, who sent him home to steady his troops. Fan Ya remembered how often he had abused them and feared reprisal, so he hesitated to yield. Fan Ya slammed the gates shut once more. Zu Ti besieged him and again slipped Huan Xuan inside to argue the point. Fan Ya killed the doubters among his officers and marched out to capitulate. Soon one of Shi Le's lieutenants surrounded Qiao; Wang Han again ordered Huan Xuan forward, though the raiders melted away before he arrived. Zu Ti retained Huan Xuan to mop up holdouts, and he shattered every pocket of resistance. He rose to interior secretary of Qiao.
15
祖約之棄譙城也，宣以箋諫，不從，由是石勒遂有陳留。 及約與蘇峻同反，宣謂祖智曰：「今強胡未滅，將戮力以討之，而與峻俱反，此安得久乎！ 使君若欲為雄霸，何不助國討峻，威名自舉。」 智等不能用。 宣欲諫約，遣其子戎白約求入。 約知宣必諫，不聽。 宣遂距約，不與之同。 邵陵人陳光率部落數百家降宣，宣皆慰撫之。 約還曆陽，宣將數千家欲南投尋陽，營於馬頭山。 值祖煥欲襲湓口，陶侃使毛寶救之。 煥遣眾攻宣，宣使戎求救於寶。 寶擊煥，破之，宣因投溫嶠。 嶠以戎為參軍。 賊平，宣居於武昌，戎復為劉胤參軍。 郭默害胤，復以戎為參軍。
When Zu Yue quit Qiao, Huan Xuan wrote to dissuade him; Yue refused, and Shi Le seized Chenliu. After Zu Yue sided with Su Jun, Huan Xuan warned Zu Zhi: "The northern tribes still threaten us—we should unite against them, yet you rise with Su Jun; how long can that endure? If you crave dominance, why not help the court crush Su Jun and earn fame in the bargain?" Zu Zhi and his circle ignored him. Huan Xuan meant to confront Zu Yue directly and sent his son Huan Rong to ask leave to enter camp. Zu Yue knew Huan Xuan would lecture him and barred the gate. Huan Xuan therefore opposed Zu Yue and refused the rebellion. Chen Guang of Shaoling brought hundreds of clan families over to Huan Xuan, who welcomed and settled them. Zu Yue withdrew to Liyang while Huan Xuan guided several thousand households toward Xunyang and pitched camp at Mount Matou. Zu Huan chose that moment to strike Yikou, so Tao Kan dispatched Mao Bao to relieve it. Zu Huan assaulted Huan Xuan, who sent Huan Rong to beg Mao Bao for rescue. Mao Bao smashed Zu Huan's force, after which Huan Xuan threw in with Wen Qiao. Wen Qiao named Huan Rong his aide. When the rebellion ended Huan Xuan stayed at Wuchang; Huan Rong later served Liu Yin as aide. After Guo Mo assassinated Liu Yin he pressed Huan Rong back into service.
16
陶侃討默，默遣戎求救于宣，宣偽許之。 西陽太守鄧岳、武昌太守劉詡皆疑宣與默同。 豫州西曹王隨曰：「宣尚背祖約，何緣同郭默邪！」 嶽、詡乃遣隨詣宣以觀之。 隨謂宣曰：「明府心雖不爾，無以自明，惟有以戎付隨耳。」 宣乃遣戎與隨俱迎陶侃。 辟戎為掾，上宣為武昌太守。 尋遷監沔中軍事、南中郎將、江夏相。
Tao Kan's expedition against Guo Mo prompted Mo to send Huan Rong to plead with Huan Xuan, who promised aid he never meant to give. Deng Yue of Xiyang and Liu Xu of Wuchang suspected Huan Xuan of colluding with Guo Mo. Wang Sui, a western bureau clerk at Yuzhou, argued: "Huan Xuan already broke with Zu Yue—why would he now back Guo Mo?" Deng Yue and Liu Xu therefore dispatched Wang Sui to watch Huan Xuan. Wang Sui told him: "Even if your heart is clean, you cannot prove it—give me Huan Rong if you want trust." Huan Xuan released Huan Rong to accompany Wang Sui to Tao Kan. Tao Kan enrolled Huan Rong as aide and memorialized Huan Xuan as administrator of Wuchang. Soon he supervised Han River defenses as general of the southern central court and chancellor of Jiangxia while keeping his former rank.
17
石勒荊州刺史郭敬戍襄陽。 陶侃使其子平西參軍斌與宣俱攻樊城，拔之。 竟陵太守李陽又破新野。 敬懼，遁走。 宣與陽遂平襄陽，侃使宣鎮之，以其淮南部曲立義成郡。 宣招懷初附，勸課農桑，簡刑罰，略威儀，或載鋤耒於軺軒，或親芸獲於隴畝。 十餘年間，石季龍再遣騎攻之，宣能得眾心，每以寡弱距守，論者以為次於祖逖、周訪。
Guo Jing, whom Shi Le had named inspector of Jingzhou, held Xiangyang. Tao Kan sent his son Tao Bin, aide to the general Who Pacifies the West, to join Huan Xuan against Fancheng; they captured it. Li Yang, administrator of Jingling, routed the enemy again at Xinye. Guo Jing panicked and ran. Huan Xuan and Li Yang secured Xiangyang; Tao Kan told Huan Xuan to stay as commander and carved Yicheng commandery from his Huai River veterans. He soothed new subjects, pushed farming and silk culture, eased penalties, dropped pomp—sometimes hauling hoes in his coach, sometimes reaping beside peasants. Across ten years Shi Jilong hurled two cavalry campaigns at him; Huan Xuan kept popular devotion and turned back superior numbers—commentators placed him just below Zu Ti and Zhou Fang.
18
侃方欲使宣北事中原，會侃薨。 後庾亮為荊州，將謀北伐，以宣為都督沔北前鋒征討軍事、平北將軍、司州刺史、假節，鎮襄陽。 季龍使騎七千渡沔攻之，亮遣司馬王愆期、輔國將軍毛寶救宣。 賊三面為地窟攻城，宣募精勇，出其不意，殺傷數百，多獲鎧馬，賊解圍退走。 久之，宣遣步騎收南陽諸郡百姓沒賊者八千餘人以歸。 庾翼代亮，欲傾國北討，更以宣為都督司梁雍三州荊州之南陽襄陽新野南鄉四郡軍事、梁州刺史、持節，將軍如故。 以前後功，封竟陵縣男。
Tao Kan had planned to thrust Huan Xuan toward the Central Plains but died first. Yu Liang later governed Jingzhou and aimed north, naming Huan Xuan forward commander beyond the Han, general Who Pacifies the North, inspector of Sizhou with credential staff, stationed at Xiangyang. Shi Jilong sent seven thousand riders across the Han; Yu Liang answered with Wang Yanqi and Mao Bao, general Who Supports the State. Enemies tunneled from three faces; Huan Xuan drafted daring troops, ambushed them, killed hundreds, seized armored horses, and broke the siege. Later he marched foot and horse to rescue over eight thousand southerners trapped under enemy rule. Yu Yi replaced Yu Liang and meant to stake the kingdom on a northern war; he gave Huan Xuan command over Si, Liang, Yong, and four Jiangzhou counties—Nanyang, Xiangyang, Xinye, Nanxiang—plus the inspectorate of Liangzhou while keeping his old general's commission. Cumulative merit won him the barony of Jingling county.
19
宣久在襄陽，綏撫僑舊，甚有稱績。 庾翼遷鎮襄陽，令宣進伐石季龍將李羆，軍次丹水，為賊所敗。 翼怒，貶宣為建威將軍，使移戍峴山。 宣望實俱喪，兼以老疾，時南蠻校尉王愆期守江陵，以疾求代，翼以宣為鎮南將軍、南郡太守，代愆期。 宣不得志，未之官，發憤卒。 追贈鎮南將軍。 戎官至新野太守。
Huan Xuan remained years at Xiangyang, steadying native and refugee households alike, and won wide acclaim. When Yu Yi moved his seat to Xiangyang he told Huan Xuan to strike Shi Jilong's general Li Pi; the column stopped at Danshui and lost to enemy troops. Yu Yi, incensed, stripped Huan Xuan down to general Who Displays Might and reassigned him to guard Mount Xian. Stripped of prestige and vigor and slowed by age and sickness, Huan Xuan faced relief when Wang Yanqi, colonel on the southern frontier, begged out of Jiangling; Yu Yi named Huan Xuan general Who Guards the South and administrator of Nan commandery to succeed him. Huan Xuan never assumed the post, heartsick and furious, and died before taking command. The court posthumously promoted him to general Who Guards the South. Huan Rong eventually served as administrator of Xinye.
20
族子伊
His collateral kinsman Huan Yi.
21
伊字叔夏，父景，有當世才幹，仕至侍中、丹陽尹、中領軍、護軍將軍、長社侯，伊有武幹，標悟簡率，為王濛、劉惔所知，頻參諸府軍事，累遷大司馬參軍。 時苻堅強盛，邊鄙多虞，朝議選能距捍疆場者，乃授伊淮南太守。 以綏禦有方，進督豫州之十二郡揚州之江西五郡軍事、建威將軍、曆陽太守，淮南如故。 與謝玄共破賊別將王鑒、張蠔等，以功封宣城縣子，又進都督豫州諸軍事、西中郎將、豫州刺史。 及苻堅南寇，伊與冠軍將軍謝玄、輔國將軍謝琰俱破堅於肥水，以功封永修縣侯，進號右軍將軍，賜錢百萬，袍表千端。
Huan Yi, courtesy Shuxia, inherited his father Jing's capable service—court posts through marquis of Changshe—and showed martial grit, sharp perception, and blunt simplicity that won Wang Meng and Liu Tan; staff appointments piled up until he served the Grand Marshal. Fu Jian's might kept the borders uneasy, so ministers picked Huan Yi to hold the line as administrator of Huainan. His steady hand on defense earned him command over a dozen Yuzhou counties plus five Yangzhou counties west of the Long River, the generalship Who Displays Might, and the Liyang magistracy while he kept Huainan. With Xie Xuan he crushed Wang Jian, Zhang Hao, and other enemy columns, meriting the viscounty of Xuancheng and later full Yuzhou command as western palace general and inspector. At the Fei River he stood with Xie Xuan and Xie Yan to break Fu Jian's southern thrust, earning the marquisate of Yongxiu, the title of general of the Right Army, and lavish gifts of coin and silk.
22
伊性謙素，雖有大功，而始終不替。 善音樂，盡一時之妙，為江左第一。 有蔡邕柯亭笛，常自吹之。 王徽之赴召京師，泊舟青溪側。 素不與徽之相識。 伊於岸上過，船中客稱伊小字曰：「此桓野王也。」 徽之便令人謂伊曰：「聞君善吹笛，試為我一奏。」 伊是時已貴顯，素聞徽之名，便下車，踞胡床，為作三調，弄畢，便上車去，客主不交一言。
Huan Yi stayed humble even after towering deeds and never put on airs. In musicianship he matched the finest of the age and stood first among talent east of the river. He kept Cai Yong's flute from Ke Pavilion and often performed on it. Summoned to the capital, Wang Huizhi tied up below Green Creek. Huan Yi had never met Wang Huizhi before. As Huan Yi walked the shore a traveler in the boat cried his childhood name: "There goes Wild Lord Huan." Wang Huizhi sent word: "They say your flute is unmatched—play for me." Already a great man who respected Wang Huizhi's fame, Huan Yi still dismounted, spread a camp stool, ripped through three pieces, remounted, and rode off—not a sentence passed between them.
23
時謝安女婿王國寶專利無檢行，安惡其為人，每抑制之。 及孝武末年，嗜酒好內，而會稽王道子昏ＪＴ尤甚，惟狎昵諂邪，於是國寶讒諛之計稍行於主相之間。 而好利險詖之徒，以安功名盛極，而構會之，嫌隙遂成。 帝召伊飲宴，安侍坐。 帝命伊吹笛。 伊神色無迕，即吹為一弄，乃放笛云：「臣於箏分乃不及笛，然自足以韻合歌管，請以箏歌，並請一吹笛人。」 帝善其調達，乃敕禦妓奏笛。 伊又云：「禦府人於臣必自不合，臣有一奴，善相便串。」 帝彌賞其放率，乃許召之。 奴既吹笛，伊便撫箏而歌《怨詩》曰：「為君既不易，為臣良獨難。 忠信事不顯，乃有見疑患。 周旦佐文武，《金縢》功不刊。 推心輔王政，二叔反流言。」 聲節慷慨，俯仰可觀。 安泣下沾衿，乃越席而就之，捋其須曰：「使君于此不凡！」 帝甚有愧色。
Wang Guobao, Xie An's son-in-law, grew rich through shameless grabs; Xie An despised him and checked him at every turn. Late in Emperor Xiaowu's reign the throne drowned in wine and harem sport while Prince Wang Daozi of Kuaiji slid deeper into folly and vice, cuddling only sneaks and toadies—room for Wang Guobao's whisper campaigns between emperor and chief minister. The grasping and crooked, jealous of Xie An's zenith, spun plots until sovereign and minister eyed each other with mistrust. The emperor called Huan Yi to drink while Xie An sat with them. He told Huan Yi to sound the flute. Huan Yi betrayed no unease, delivered a full set, laid the flute aside, and said: "My zheng falls short of my piping, yet it can carry a song—let me sing with it and borrow another blower." The emperor admired his poise and told court musicians to answer on flute. He added: "Your palace band would clash with me—I keep a servant who blends well." Delighted by his blunt honesty, the emperor let him call the man in. After the slave piped, Huan Yi struck the zheng and sang 《Song of Resentment》: "Serving as lord is never easy; serving as minister is harder still. Loyal faith wins no spotlight—only doubt crowds in. The Zhou dukes steadied King Wen and King Wu; 《Metal-bound Coffer》 preserves their uncarved merit. They lent whole hearts to the throne—yet the two rival uncles aired poisonous gossip." Every phrase rang with fierce cadence; his bearing matched the words. Xie An wept until his collar ran wet, slid across the mat, tugged Huan Yi's beard, and cried: "No ordinary soul could do this!" The emperor flushed with shame.
24
伊在州十年，綏撫荒雜，甚得物情。 桓沖卒，遷都督江州荊州十郡豫州四郡軍事、江州刺史，將軍如故，假節。 伊到鎮，以邊境無虞，宜以寬恤為務，乃上疏以江州虛秏，加連歲不登，今餘戶有五萬六千，宜併合小縣，除諸郡逋米，移州還鎮豫章。 詔令移州尋陽，其餘皆聽之。 伊隨宜拯撫，百姓賴焉。 在任累年，徵拜護軍將軍。 以右軍府千人自隨，配護軍府。 卒官。 贈右將軍，加散騎常侍，諡曰烈。
Huan Yi governed a decade, steadying a battered, mixed populace and earning deep affection. After Huan Chong's death he took joint command of Jiangzhou, Jingzhou, and four Yuzhou counties, kept his general's commission, bore the credential staff, and became inspector of Jiangzhou. On arrival he judged the border calm and pushed lenient relief, arguing that Jiangzhou was bled white by serial crop failure—only fifty-six thousand households remained—so petty counties should merge, grain arrears should vanish, and the provincial seat should return to Yuzhang. The throne shifted the provincial seat to Xunyang and granted the other requests. He patched wounds wherever needed and the people leaned on him. Years later the court recalled him as general Who Guards the Army. He transferred the thousand household guards of the Right Army headquarters into the Guard Army staff. He died still holding office. They posthumously named him general of the right, added ordinary attendant status, and gave the posthumous epithet Martyr.
25
初，伊有馬步鎧六百領，豫為表，令死乃上之。 表曰：「臣過蒙殊寵，受任西籓。 淮南之捷，逆兵奔北，人馬器鎧，隨處放散。 于時收拾敗破，不足貫連。 比年營繕，並已修整。 今六合雖一，餘燼未滅，臣不以朽邁，猶欲輸效力命，仰報皇恩。 此志永絕，銜恨泉壤。 謹奉輸馬具裝百具、步鎧五百領，並在尋陽，請勒所屬領受。」 詔曰：「伊忠誠不遂，益以傷懷，仍受其所上之鎧。」
Early on Huan Yi stockpiled six hundred suits of horse and foot mail and drafted a memorial to file only after his death. It read: "Beyond merit I was favored with the western frontier. When Huainan fell the foe fled north, littering the roads with men, mounts, and harness. What we salvaged then was scraps—barely enough to equip a line. Workshops since patched every piece. The realm looks whole yet sparks remain; though I am aged and frail I hoped still to spend my strength repaying the throne. That dream is ended—I carry regret into the grave. I deliver one hundred caparisoned mounts and five hundred suits of infantry armor held at Xunyang—please tell the bureaus to take charge." The edict answered: "Huan Yi's devotion cut short deepens our grief—take the armor he offers."
26
子肅之嗣。 卒，子陵嗣。 宋受禪，國除。 伊弟不才，亦有將略。 討孫恩，至冠軍將軍。
His heir Suzhi succeeded. When Suzhi died, Ling inherited the title. The Liu Song takeover erased the fief. His younger brother Huan Bucai too carried tactical skill. Campaigning against Sun En he rose to champion general.
27
硃伺，字仲文，安陸人。 少為吳牙門將陶丹給使。 吳平，內徙江夏。 伺有武勇，而訥口，不知書，為郡將督，見鄉里士大夫，揖稱名而已。 及為將，遂以謙恭稱。 張昌之逆，太守弓欽走灄口，伺與同輩郴寶、布興合眾討之，不克，乃與欽奔武昌。 後更率部黨攻滅之。 轉騎部曲督，加綏夷都尉。 伺部曲等以諸縣附昌，惟本部唱義討逆，逆順有嫌，求別立縣，因此遂割安陸東界為灄陽縣而貫焉。
Zhu Si, courtesy Zhongwen, came from Anlu. Young, he was a runner for Tao Dan, Wu's camp commander. Eastern Wu's fall brought him resettled in Jiangxia. Brave but halting and unread, he served as county captain and only bowed and announced his name before local scholars. Once promoted to general he won praise for humility. When Zhang Chang rose, Administrator Gong Qin bolted to Hankou; Zhu Si with Chen Bao and Bu Xing tried to crush the revolt, failed, and ran with Gong Qin to Wuchang. Later he rallied his band and wiped Zhang Chang out. They moved him to cavalry corps command and named him colonel Who Pacifies the Yi. His soldiers noted neighbors had backed Zhang Chang while they alone struck the traitor—awkward living among former allies—so they won a new county carved from eastern Anlu called Sheyang.
28
其後陳敏作亂，陶侃時鎮江夏，以伺能水戰，曉作舟艦，乃遣作大艦，署為左甄，據江口，摧破敏前鋒。 敏弟恢稱荊州刺史，在武昌，侃率伺及諸軍進討，破之。 敏、恢既平，伺以功封亭侯，領騎督。 時西陽夷賊抄掠江夏，太守楊瑉每請督將議距賊之計，伺獨不言。 瑉曰：「硃將軍何以不言？」 伺答曰：「諸人以舌擊賊，伺惟以力耳。」 瑉又問：「將軍前後擊賊，何以每得勝邪？」 伺曰：「兩敵共對，惟當忍之。 彼不能忍，我能忍，是以勝耳。」 瑉大笑。
Chen Min's revolt found Tao Kan defending Jiangxia; knowing Zhu Si mastered river war and shipwrighting, Kan built a great hull, posted him on the left horn at the estuary, and shattered Chen Min's van. Chen Min's brother Hui claimed Jingzhou from Wuchang until Tao Kan marched Zhu Si and the army to break him. Once both brothers fell Zhu Si earned a village marquisate and cavalry command. Xiyang tribesmen harried Jiangxia while Administrator Yang Min endlessly convened officers—Zhu Si alone stayed silent. Yang Min asked: "Why nothing from General Zhu?" Zhu Si answered: "They fight with words; I fight with steel." "Then why do you always win?" Yang pressed." "Because two armies meet and patience decides it. They lose patience first; I wait—that is victory." Yang Min roared with laughter.
29
永嘉中，石勒破江夏，伺與楊瑉走夏口。 及陶侃來戍夏口，伺依之，加明威將軍。 隨侃討杜弢，有殊功，語在侃傳。 夏口之戰，伺用鐵面自衛，以弩的射賊大帥數人，皆殺之。 賊挽船上岸，於水邊作陣。 伺逐水上下以邀之，箭中其脛，氣色不變。 諸軍尋至，賊潰，追擊之，皆棄船投水，死者太半。 賊夜還長沙，伺追蒲圻，不及而反。 加威遠將軍，赤幢曲蓋。
Under the Yongjia reign Shi Le smashed Jiangxia; Zhu Si and Yang Min escaped to Xiakou. Tao Kan's arrival at Xiakou drew Zhu Si into his command and the generalship Who Displays Martial Glory. He followed Kan against Du Tao with standout feats recorded in Kan's memoir. At Xiakou he wore an iron mask, aimed his crossbow, and dropped several enemy captains. The raiders dragged boats aground and drew lines along the bank. Zhu Si prowled the shallows to cut them off; a bolt pierced his shin yet his face stayed calm. Reinforcements arrived, routed them, and drove survivors into the river—more than half drowned. They slipped overnight toward Changsha; Zhu Si chased to Puqi, missed them, and withdrew. Promotion followed to general Who Displays Far Might with scarlet banner and curved canopy.
30
建興中，陳聲率諸無賴二千餘家斷江抄掠，侃遣伺為督護討聲。 聲眾雖少，伺容之不擊，求遣弟詣侃降，伺外許之。 及聲去，伺乃遣勁勇要聲弟斬之，潛軍襲聲。 聲正旦並出祭祀飲食，伺軍入其門方覺。 聲將閻晉、鄭進皆死戰，伺軍人多傷，乃還營。 聲東走，保董城。 伺又率諸軍圍守之，遂重柴繞城，作高櫓，以勁弩下射之，又斷其水道。 城中無水，殺牛飲血。 閻晉，聲婦弟也，乃斬聲首出降。 又以平蜀賊襲高之功，加伺廣威將軍，領竟陵內史。
In Jianxing Chen Sheng stacked two thousand restless families across the river as pirates until Tao Kan sent Zhu Si as protector to crush him. Chen Sheng's band was small yet Zhu Si held fire, let him send a brother to sue for peace with Kan, and nodded along. Once Chen Sheng left, Zhu Si ambushed the brother, took his head, and stole a march on the chief. New Year's dawn found Chen Sheng's men feasting at sacrifice while Zhu Si burst his gates unnoticed. Captains Yan Jin and Zheng Jin sold their lives dearly; Zhu Si's troops bled heavy losses and pulled back. Chen Sheng bolted east and dug in at Dong city. Zhu Si invested the place, ringed it with faggots, raised tall racks, poured crossbow fire downward, and dammed the water. Dry wells drove them to butcher cattle and drink blood. Yan Jin, Chen Sheng's brother-in-law, struck off his head and walked out to yield. Breaking Shu raider Xi Gao earned Zhu Si the generalship Who Displays Broad Might and the interior secretaryship of Jingling.
31
時王敦欲用從弟暠代侃為荊州，侃故將鄭攀、馬俊等乞侃於敦，敦不許。 攀等以侃始滅大賊，人皆樂附，又以暠忌戾難事，謀共距之。 遂屯結溳口，遣使告伺。 伺外許之，而稱疾不赴。 攀等遂進距暠。 既而士眾疑阻，復散還橫桑口，欲入杜曾。 時硃軌、趙誘、李桓率眾將擊之，攀等懼誅，以司馬孫景造謀距暠，因斬之，降軌等。
Wang Dun meant to swap Tao Kan for cousin Wang Gao as Jingzhou inspector; Kan's veterans Zheng Pan and Ma Jun pleaded in vain. They argued Tao Kan had just crushed a major foe and kept popular loyalty, whereas Wang Gao was jealous and vicious—so they conspired to resist. They rallied at Hankou and messaged Zhu Si. Zhu Si agreed in words but pleaded sickness and stayed away. Zheng Pan and company then marched against Wang Gao. Morale collapsed: the host melted away toward Hengsangkou hoping to throw in with Du Zeng. Zhu Gui, Zhao You, and Li Huan threw weight against them; fearing the headsman, Zheng Pan blamed staff officer Sun Jing for opposing Wang Gao, cut him down, and yielded to Zhu Gui.
32
廙將西出，遣長史劉浚留鎮揚口壘。 時杜曾會請討第五猗於襄陽，伺謂廙曰：「曾是猾賊，外示西還，以疑眾心，欲誘引官軍使西，然後兼道襲揚口耳。 宜大部分，未可便西。」 廙性矜厲自用，兼以伺老怯難信，遂西行。 曾等果馳還。 廙乃遣伺歸，裁至壘，即為曾等所圍。 劉浚以壘北門危，欲令伺守之。 或說浚云：「伺與鄭攀同者。」 乃轉守南門。 賊知之，攻其北門。 時鄭攀党馬俊等亦來攻壘，俊妻子先在壘內，或請皮其面以示之。 伺曰：「殺其妻子，未能解圍，但益其怒耳。」 乃止。 伺常所調弩忽噤不發，伺甚惡之。 及賊攻陷北門，伺被傷退入船。 初，浚開諸船底，以木掩之，名為船械。 伺既入，賊舉鋋摘伺，伺逆接得鋋，反以摘賊。 賊走上船屋，大喚云：「賊帥在此！」 伺從船底沈行五十步，乃免。 遇醫療，創小差。 杜曾遣說伺云：「馬俊等感卿恩，妻孥得活。 盡以卿家外內百口付俊，俊已盡心收視，卿可來也。」 伺答曰：「賊無白首者，今吾年六十餘，不能復與卿作賊。 吾死，當歸南，妻子付汝。」 乃還甑山。 時王暠與李桓、杜曾相持，累戰甑山下。 軍士數驚喚云：「賊欲至！」 伺驚創而卒。 因葬甑山。
Preparing a western advance, Tao Kan left chief clerk Liu Jun to guard the Yangkou stockade. Du Zeng volunteered to strike Di Wuyi at Xiangyang; Zhu Si warned Tao Kan: "Du Zeng is cunning—his westward show is bait to split our minds and lure the army away before he races down on Yangkou. Hold the main body ready—do not march west on impulse." Tao Kan, rigid and sure of himself, discounted Zhu Si as a fearful old man and pushed west anyway. Du Zeng wheeled his riders home exactly as predicted. Tao Kan recalled Zhu Si, who had scarcely reached the fort before Du Zeng ringed it. Liu Jun saw the north gate as the weak point and wanted Zhu Si there. A whisperer told Liu Jun: "Zhu Si marched with Zheng Pan." So Zhu Si was posted to the south gate instead. The enemy learned the switch and stormed the north wall. Ma Jun, still tied to Zheng Pan, joined the assault; Liu Jun's family sat inside, and voices called for mutilating them to break his nerve. Zhu Si answered: "Murdering kin will not open the walls—only fan his fury." They dropped the idea. Zhu Si's favorite crossbow froze silent—an ill sign he loathed. The north gate fell; Zhu Si, bleeding, fell back aboard ship. Liu Jun had bored hull plugs and masked them with boards—his so-called boat traps. Once aboard they thrust boat-hooks at Zhu Si; he caught the shaft and hooked them in return. They scrambled to the deckhouse yelling: "The rebel chief is here!" Zhu Si slipped underwater fifty paces along the keel and broke free. Surgeons dressed him and the gashes began to close. Du Zeng's envoy wheedled: "Ma Jun owes you every breath his family draws. He guards a hundred of your kin—every soul—and tends them honestly; join us." Zhu Si replied: "Rebels never see white hair; I am past sixty and will not ride with thieves. When I fall, send my bones south—keep wife and children if you must." He withdrew to Mount Zeng. Wang Gao, Li Huan, and Du Zeng traded blows for days beneath Mount Zeng. Men shrieked night and day: "Here they come!" The alarm tore Zhu Si's wound open and killed him. They buried him on Mount Zeng.
33
毛寶，字碩真，滎陽陽武人也。 王敦以為臨湘令。 敦卒，為溫嶠平南參軍。 蘇峻作逆，嶠將赴難，而征西將軍陶侃懷疑不從。 嶠屢說不能回，更遣使順侃意曰：「仁公且守，僕宜先下。」 遣信已二日，會寶別使還，聞之，說嶠曰：「凡舉大事，當與天下共同，眾克在和，不聞有異。 假令可疑，猶當外示不覺，況自作疑耶！ 便宜急追信，改舊書，說必應俱征。 若不及前信，宜更遣使。」 嶠意悟，即追信改書，侃果共征峻。 寶領千人為嶠前鋒，俱次茄子浦。
Mao Bao, courtesy Shuozhen, hailed from Yangwu in Yingyang commandery. Wang Dun named him magistrate of Linxiang. After Wang Dun's death he joined Wen Qiao as aide under the general Who Pacifies the South. Su Jun's revolt drew Wen Qiao toward the capital while Tao Kan, general Who Conquers the West, hung back in doubt. Wen Qiao's pleas failed, so he couched a letter to stroke Kan's pride: "Stay put, my lord—I will move downstream first." Two days after the courier left, Mao Bao's own rider returned; hearing the plan, he told Wen Qiao: "Great ventures need unity—harmony wins wars; nobody conquers by sowing mistrust. Even if doubt were fair, feign trust—never manufacture suspicion yourself! Chase that rider, rewrite the letter, and swear you march as one. If you cannot catch him, dispatch a fresh messenger." Wen Qiao saw it, recalled the rider, revised the note, and Tao Kan agreed to strike Su Jun. Mao Bao took a thousand men as Wen Qiao's van and camped at Eggplant Ford.
34
初，嶠以南軍習水，峻軍便步，欲以所長制之，宜令三軍，有上岸者死。 時蘇峻送米萬斛饋祖約、約遣司馬桓撫等迎之。 寶告其眾曰：「兵法，軍令有所不從，豈可不上岸邪！」 乃設變力戰，悉獲其米，虜殺萬計，約用大饑。 嶠嘉其勳，上為廬江太守。
Wen Qiao bet on southern sailors against Su Jun's infantry and decreed death for anyone who landed. Su Jun shipped ten thousand hu of grain to Zu Yue, who sent Huan Fu and staff to escort it. Mao Bao harangued his troops: "War allows sensible disobedience—how can we stay dry?" He improvised a landing, seized every sack, slaughtered thousands, and starved Zu Yue. Wen Qiao hailed the feat and memorialized him as administrator of Lujiang.
35
約遣祖煥、桓撫等欲襲湓口，陶侃將自擊之，寶曰：「義軍恃公，公不可動，寶請討之。」 侃顧謂坐客曰：「此年少言可用也。」 乃使寶行。 先是，桓宣背約，南屯馬頭山，為煥、撫所攻，求救於寶。 寶眾以宣本是約黨，疑之。 宣遣子戎重請，寶即隨戎赴之。 未至，而賊已與宣戰。 寶軍懸兵少，器杖濫惡，大為煥、撫所破。 寶中箭，貫髀徹鞍，使人蹋鞍拔箭，血流滿靴，夜奔船所百餘里，望星而行。 到，先哭戰亡將士，洗瘡訖，夜還救宣。 寶至宣營，而煥、撫亦退。 寶進攻祖約，軍次東關，破合肥，尋召歸石頭。 陶侃、溫嶠未能破賊，侃欲率眾南還。 寶謂嶠曰：「下官能留之。」 乃往說侃曰：「公本應領蕪湖，為南北勢援，前既已下，勢不可還。 且軍政有進無退，非直整齊三軍，示眾必死而已，亦謂退無所據，終至滅亡。 往者杜弢非不強盛，公竟滅之，何至於峻獨不可破邪！ 賊亦畏死，非皆勇健，公可試與寶兵，使上岸斷賊資糧，出其不意，使賊困蹙。 若寶不立效，然後公去，人心不恨。」 侃然之，加寶督護。 寶燒峻句容、湖孰積聚，峻頗乏食，侃遂留不去。
Zu Yue sent Zu Huan and Huan Fu toward Yikou; Tao Kan wanted to lead in person, but Mao Bao said: "The loyal army pins hope on you—stay; I will go." Tao Kan told his council: "The lad speaks sense." He gave Mao Bao the sortie. Earlier Huan Xuan split from Zu Yue and held Mount Matou until Zu Huan and Huan Fu besieged him; he cried for Mao Bao. Mao Bao's men misliked Huan Xuan as one-time ally of Zu Yue. Huan Xuan sent Huan Rong to insist; Mao Bao marched with him. They arrived late—the enemy was already fighting Huan Xuan. Mao Bao's handful bore rotten gear; Zu Huan and Huan Fu broke them. A bolt pinned Mao Bao's thigh through the saddle; a comrade stomped leather to free it while blood filled his boot; he ran a hundred li by starlight toward the fleet. He reached camp weeping for the dead, bathed the wound, then doubled back that night for Huan Xuan. By the time Mao Bao joined Huan Xuan, Zu Huan and Huan Fu had slipped away. He pressed Zu Yue, camped at Dong Pass, seized Hefei, then was recalled to Stone Fort. Tao Kan and Wen Qiao stalled; Kan talked of retreating south. Mao Bao told Wen Qiao: "I can hold him." He visited Tao Kan: "Wuhu should be your pivot between north and south; now that you have descended the river, withdrawal betrays momentum. War moves forward, never back—not only to steel the ranks but because retreat means nowhere to stand and certain ruin. Du Tao was fierce—you crushed him—why fear Su Jun alone? Rebels dread death no less—loan me men to cut their grain lines by surprise and choke them. If I fail, withdraw then—no one will blame you." Tao Kan assented and named Mao Bao protector. Mao Bao torched Su Jun's stockpiles at Jurong and Hushu; hunger pinned Su Jun so Tao Kan remained.
36
峻既死，匡術以苑城降。 侃使寶守南城，鄧嶽守西城。 賊遣韓晃攻之，寶登城射殺數十人。 晃問寶曰：「君是毛廬江邪？」 寶曰：「是。」 晃曰：「君名壯勇，何不出鬥！」 寶曰：「君若健將，何不入鬥！」 晃笑而退。 賊平，封州陵縣開國侯，千六百戶。
Su Jun's fall brought Kuang Shu's surrender of the park citadel. Tao Kan set Mao Bao on the south rampart and Deng Yue on the west. Han Huang stormed the gate; Mao Bao rained bolts and dropped dozens. Han Huang called: "Are you Mao the Lujiang man?" Mao Bao answered: "I am." "They say you are fierce—step out and fight!" "If you are a real champion, climb the wall yourself!" Han Huang laughed and backed off. Peace won him founding marquis of Zhouling with sixteen hundred households.
37
庾亮西鎮，請為輔國將軍、江夏相、督隨義陽二郡，鎮上明。 又進南中郎。 隨亮討郭默。 默平，與亮司馬王愆期救桓宣于章山，擊賊將石遇，破之，進征虜將軍。 亮謀北伐，上疏解豫州，請以授寶。 於是詔以寶監揚州之江西諸軍事、豫州刺史，將軍如故，與西陽太守樊峻以萬人守邾城。 石季龍惡之，乃遣其子鑒與其將夔安、李菟等五萬人來寇，張狢渡二萬騎攻邾城。 寶求救於亮，亮以城固，不時遣軍，城遂陷。 寶、峻等率左右突圍出，赴江死者六千人，寶亦溺死。 亮哭之慟，因發疾，遂薨。
Yu Liang's western command took Mao Bao as general Who Supports the State, chancellor of Jiangxia, overseeing Suí and Yiyang, posted at Shangming. He rose again to general of the southern palace court. He marched with Yu Liang against Guo Mo. Once Guo Mo fell he joined Wang Yanqi to relieve Huan Xuan on Zhang Mountain, broke Shi Yu, and earned the generalship Who Conquers the Caitiffs. Yu Liang aimed north and offered Yuzhou to Mao Bao. The throne named Mao Bao overseer of Jiangxi military affairs and inspector of Yuzhou at his old rank, pairing him with Fan Jun of Xiyang and ten thousand men at Zhucheng. Shi Jilong answered with fifty thousand men under Shi Jian, Kui An, and Li Tu; Zhang Huo splashed twenty thousand cavalry toward Zhucheng. Mao Bao cried for help; Yu Liang trusted the masonry and tarried until Zhucheng collapsed. Mao Bao, Fan Jun, and escort hacked free; six thousand drowned in the Yangzi—Mao Bao sank with them. Yu Liang mourned until grief broke his health and killed him.
38
詔曰：「寶之傾敗，宜在貶裁。 然蘇峻之難，致力王室。 今咎其過，故不加贈，祭之可也。」 其後公卿言寶有重勳，加死王事，不宜奪爵。 升平三年，乃下詔復本封。
An edict read: "Mao Bao's rout calls for censure. Yet in Su Jun's war he spent himself for the throne. Blame his lapse—grant no posthumous rank—but allow offerings." Ministers later insisted Mao Bao's service outweighed the defeat—stripping his title wronged a martyr. In Shengping year three the throne restored his original fief.
39
初，寶在武昌，軍人有于市買得一白龜，長四五寸，養之漸大，放諸江中。 邾城之敗，養龜人被鎧持刀，自投于水中，如覺墮一石上，視之，乃先所養白龜，長五六尺，送至東岸，遂得免焉。
Once in Wuchang a soldier bought a palm-sized white turtle, raised it to adulthood, and freed it in the Long River. When Zhucheng fell that same man leaped armored into the flood and struck what felt like rock—the giant white turtle he had freed, now six feet long, ferried him east and saved his life.
40
寶二子：穆之、安之。
Mao Bao fathered Muzhi and Anzhi.
41
穆之字憲祖，小字武生，名犯王靖後諱，故行字，後又以桓溫母名憲，乃更稱小字。 穆之果毅有父風，安西將軍庾翼以為參軍。 襲爵州陵侯，翼等專威陝西，以子方之為建武將軍，守襄陽。 方之年少，翼選武將可信杖者為輔弼，乃以穆之為建武司馬。 俄而翼薨，大將幹瓚、戴羲等作亂，穆之與安西長史江虨、司馬硃燾等共平之。
Muzhi took courtesy Xianzu and childhood name Wusheng; taboo on Wang Jing blocked the formal name, so he lived by his courtesy until Huan Wen's mother named Xian forced him back to the childhood name. Muzhi matched his father's grit; Yu Yi, general Who Pacifies the West, enlisted him. He succeeded to Zhouling marquis as Yu Yi dominated Shaanxi and posted son Yu Fangzhi as general Who Displays Might at Xiangyang. Yu Fangzhi's youth moved Yu Yi to pick trustworthy fighters as props and make Muzhi military clerk under the general Who Displays Might. Yu Yi's death sparked mutiny from Gan Zan and Dai Xi; Muzhi, chief clerk Jiang Bin, and marshal Zhu Tao crushed it.
42
桓溫代翼，復取為參軍。 從溫平蜀，以功賜次子都鄉侯。 尋除揚威將軍、潁川太守，隨溫平洛，入關。 溫將旋師，以謝尚未至，留穆之以二千人衛山陵。 升平初，遷督甯州諸軍事、揚威將軍、甯州刺史。 以桓溫封南郡，徙穆之為建安侯，復為溫太尉參軍。 加冠軍將軍，以所募兵配之。 溫伐慕容暐，使穆之監鑿钜野百餘里，引汶會於濟川。 及溫焚舟步歸，使穆之督東燕四郡軍事。 領東燕太守，本官如故。 袁真以壽陽叛，溫將征之。 穆之以冠軍領淮南太守，守曆陽。 真平，餘黨分散，乃以穆之督揚州之江西軍事，復領陳郡太守。 俄而徙督揚州之義成荊州五郡雍州之兆軍事、襄陽義成河南三郡太守，將軍如故。 尋進領梁州刺史。 頃之，以疾解職，詔以冠軍征還。
Huan Wen replaced Yu Yi and pulled Mao Muzhi back onto staff. He marched with Huan Wen against Shu and won the lesser heir the village marquisate of Duxiang. Promotion followed to general Who Displays Glory and Yingchuan administrator; he entered Guanzhong on Huan Wen's Luoyang campaign. Huan Wen meant to withdraw before Xie's column arrived, so he detached Mao Muzhi with two thousand soldiers to watch the mausolea. Early Shengping brought command over Ningzhou armies, the glory generalship, and the Ningzhou inspectorate. Huan Wen's Nan principality shifted Mao Muzhi's fief to Jian'an marquis and returned him to the Grand Commandant's office. They added champion general and handed him the recruits he had raised. Against Former Yan he tasked Mao Muzhi with dredging Juye—over a hundred li—to merge the Wen into the Ji. After Huan Wen torched his fleet and walked home, Mao Muzhi governed four Dongyan counties. He stayed Dongyan administrator while keeping former titles. Yuan Zhen turned traitor at Shouyang and Huan Wen readied an expedition. Mao Muzhi held champion rank, Huainan magistracy, and the Liyang line. Yuan Zhen's fall scattered diehards; Mao Muzhi took Yangzhou's river-west armies plus Chen commandery again. He moved to command Yicheng plus five Jingzhou counties and Yongzhou's Fengyi circuit—still general while administering Xiangyang, Yicheng, and Henan. Shortly after he added the Liangzhou inspector's seal. Illness forced retirement until the court recalled him under champion rank.
43
苻堅別將寇彭城，復以將軍假節、監江北軍事。 鎮廣陵。 遷右將軍、宣城內史、假節，鎮姑孰。 穆之以為戍在近畿，無復軍警，不宜加節，上疏辭讓，許之。 苻堅別將圍襄陽，詔穆之就上明受桓沖節度。 沖使穆之遊軍沔中。 穆之始至，而硃序陷沒，引軍還郡。 堅眾又寇蜀漢，梁州刺史楊亮、益州刺史周仲孫奔退，沖使穆之督梁州之三郡軍事、右將軍、西蠻校尉、益州刺史、領建平太守、假節，戍巴郡。 以子球為梓潼太守。 穆之與球伐堅，至於巴西郡，以糧運乏少，退屯巴東，病卒。 追贈中軍將軍，諡曰烈。 子珍嗣，位至天門太守。 珍弟璩、球、璠、瑾、瑗，璩最知名。
Fu Jian's lieutenant struck Pengcheng; Mao Muzhi returned as credential general overseeing the north bank. He held Guangling. Promotion brought general of the right, Xuancheng interior secretary, credential staff, and a post at Gushu. He argued that guarding the inner zone meant no banner was needed; the throne accepted his refusal of the staff. Fu Jian's siege drew an order for Mao Muzhi to fall under Huan Chong at Shangming. Huan Chong told him to patrol the Han basin. Zhu Xu's capture broke the relief before it landed; Mao Muzhi withdrew to his seat. Fu Jian's next thrust hit Shu-Han; Yang Liang and Zhou Zhongsun bolted; Huan Chong piled on Mao Muzhi—three Liangzhou sectors, general of the right, western Yi colonel, Yizhou inspector, Jianping administrator, credential staff, holding Ba. He named son Mao Qiu magistrate of Zitong. Father and son reached Ba-Xi but starvation drove them back to Badong, where Mao Muzhi died. Posthumous rank hit central army general with the martyr epithet. Heir Mao Zhen climbed to Tianmen administrator. Zhen's brothers Qu, Qiu, Fan, Jin, and Yuan followed—Qu stood tallest in fame.
44
璩字叔璉。 弱冠，右將軍桓豁以為參軍。 尋遭父憂，服闕，為謝安衛將軍參軍，除尚書郎。 安復請為參軍，轉安子琰征虜司馬。 淮肥之役，苻堅迸走，璩與田次之共躡堅，至中陽，不及而歸。 遷甯朔將軍、淮南太守。 尋補鎮北將軍、譙王恬司馬。 海陵縣界地名青蒲，四面湖澤，皆是菰葑，逃亡所聚，威令不能及。 璩建議率千討人。 時大旱，璩因放火，菰葑盡然，亡戶窘迫，悉出詣璩自首，近有萬戶，皆以補兵，朝廷嘉之。 轉西中郎司馬、龍驤將軍、譙梁二郡內史。 尋代郭銓為建威將軍、益州刺史。
Mao Qu took courtesy Shulian. Coming of age he entered Huan He's service as aide. Funeral leave followed his father's death; then Xie An's guard office and secretariat appointment. Xie An pulled him back as aide and shifted him to expedition marshal under Xie Yan. When Fu Jian ran from Fei River, Mao Qu and Tian Cizi chased him to Zhongyang without closing the kill. He rose to northern pacifier and Huainan magistrate. Next he served Prince Wang Tian of Qiao as marshal under the northern guard general. Green Reed in Hailing was ringed by lakes choked with mat-grass where outlaws hid beyond the law. Mao Qu asked for a thousand blades to scour the swamp—scribes likely dropped words after thousand. Drought let him burn the reed flats bare; tens of thousands crept out to enlist and the court cheered. Moves stacked up: western palace marshal, Soaring Dragon general, interior secretary over Qiao and Liang. He succeeded Guo Quan as mighty-display general and Yizhou inspector.
45
安帝初，進征虜將軍。 及桓玄篡位，遣使加璩散騎常侍、左將軍。 璩執留玄使，不受命。 玄以桓希為梁州刺史，王異據涪，郭法戍宕渠，師寂戍巴郡，周道子戍白帝以防之。 璩傳檄遠近，列玄罪狀，遣巴東太守柳約之、建平太守羅述、征虜司馬甄季之擊破希等，仍率眾次於白帝。 武陵王令曰：「益州刺史毛璩忠誠愨亮，自桓玄萌禍，常思躡其後。 今若平殄凶逆，肅清荊郢者，便當即授上流之任。」
Emperor An's opening years brought the caitiff-conquering generalship. Huan Xuan's coup brought messengers offering Mao Qu left general and ordinary attendant. Mao Qu locked up the envoy and rejected the patent. Huan Xuan ringed him with Huan Xi in Liangzhou, Wang Yi on the Fu, Guo Fa at Dangqu, Shi Ji in Ba, Zhou Daozi at White Emperor. Manifestos flew; Liu Yuezhi, Luo Shu, and Zhen Jizhi smashed Huan Xi while Mao Qu anchored at Baidicheng. The Prince of Wuling wrote: "Yizhou inspector Mao Qu proved steadfast—he aimed at Huan Xuan's back from the first. Crush the usurper and cleanse Jing-Ying, and the upper river command is his."
46
初，璩弟甯州刺史璠卒官，璩兄球孫祐之及參軍費恬以數百人送喪，葬江陵。 會玄敗，謀奔梁州。 璩弟瑾子修之時為玄屯騎校尉，誘玄使入蜀，既而修之與祐之、費恬及漢嘉人馮遷共殺玄。 約之等聞玄死，進軍到枝復攻沒江陵。 劉毅等還尋陽，約之亦退。 俄而季子、述皆病，約子詣振偽降，因欲襲振而桓振。 事泄，被害。 約之司馬時延祖、涪陵太守文處茂等撫其餘眾，保涪陵。 振遣桓放之為益州，屯西陵。 處茂距擊，破之。 振死，安帝反正，詔曰：「夫貞松標於歲寒，忠臣亮于國危。 益州刺史璩體識弘正，誠契義旗，受命偏師，次於近畿，匡翼之勳，實感朕心。 可進征西將軍，加散騎常侍，都督益梁秦涼寧五州軍事，行宜都、甯蜀太守。 文處茂宣贊蕃牧，蒙險夷難，可輔國將軍、西夷校尉、巴西梓潼二郡太守。」 又詔西夷校尉瑾為持節、監梁秦二州軍事、征虜將軍、梁秦二州刺史、略陽武都太守。 瑾弟蜀郡太守瑗為輔國將軍、甯州刺史。
When Mao Fan fell as Ningzhou inspector, grandson Youzhi and Fei Tian convoyed the bier with hundreds to Jiangling. Huan Xuan's rout sent them scheming toward Liangzhou. Mao Jin's son Xiuzhi, Xuan's cavalry colonel, baited him into Shu, then with Youzhi, Fei Tian, and Feng Qian cut him down. Liu Yuezhi marched to Zhijiang, struck again, and seized Jiangling on news of Xuan's death. Liu Yi's retreat to Xunyang pulled Yuezhi back too. Soon Zhen Jizhi and Luo Shu sickened; Liu Yuezhi's son faked defection to ambush Huan Zhen—who caught the plot. Word slipped out and he died for it. Marshal Shi Yanzu and Wen Chumao of Fuling rallied the remnant behind Fuling's walls. Huan Zhen sent Huan Fangzhi toward Yizhou and camped west of the rapids. Wen Chumao met him head-on and broke his force. Huan Zhen's death freed Emperor An; an edict mused: winter reveals the hardy pine—crisis reveals loyal ministers. Mao Qu read the larger loyalty, backed the restoration army, and camped at the capital's elbow—his shelter of the throne touched us. Promote him west-conquering general, ordinary attendant, governor of Yi, Liang on the Han, Qin, Hexi Liang, and Ning, acting Yidu and Ningshu magistrate. Wen Chumao, who held the frontier through peril, earns supporting-state general, western Yi colonel, and twin magistracies in Ba and Zitong." Mao Jin kept western Yi colonel but gained credential staff over Liang-Qin, caitiff general, twin inspector, Lüeyang-Wudu administrator. Younger Mao Yuan kept Shu magistracy while gaining supporting general and Ningzhou inspector.
47
初，璩聞振陷江陵，率眾赴難，使瑾、瑗順外江而下，使參軍譙縱領巴西、梓潼二郡軍下涪水，當與璩軍會于巴郡。 蜀人不樂東征，縱因人情思歸，于五城水口反，還襲涪，害瑾，瑾留府長史鄭純之自成都馳使告璩。 璩時在略城，去成都四百里，遣參軍王瓊討反者，相距於廣漢。 僰道令何林聚黨助縱，而璩下人受縱誘說，遂共害璩及瑗，並子侄之在蜀者，一時殄沒。 璩子弘之嗣。
Learning Jiangling had fallen, Mao Qu marched relief: Jin and Yuan on the main stream, Qiao Zong on the Fu, rendezvousing at Ba. Shu men refused an eastern war; Qiao Zong mutinied at Wucheng, wheeled on Fu, slew Mao Jin, while Zheng Chunzhi raced word to Mao Qu. Mao Qu held Lucheng, four hundred li from Chengdu, and sent Wang Qiong to duel Qiao Zong at Guanghan. He Lin of Bodao backed Qiao Zong; Mao Qu's soldiers flipped, slaughtering Mao Qu, Mao Yuan, and every kinsman in Shu. Son Mao Hongzhi inherited.
48
義熙中，時延祖為始康太守，上疏訟璩兄弟，於是詔曰：「故益州刺史璩、西夷校尉瑾、蜀郡太守瑗勤王忠烈，事乖慮外。 葬送日近，益懷惻愴，可皆贈先所授官，給錢三十萬、布三百匹。」 論璩討桓玄功，追封歸鄉公，千五百戶。 又以祐之斬玄功，封夷道縣侯。
Yixi years brought Shi Yanzu's plea for the Mao brothers; the throne answered: they died loyal though heaven cheated them. As burial nears our ache grows—restore former offices, grant three hundred thousand cash and three hundred bolts. For crushing Huan Xuan Mao Qu won posthumous Duke of Guixiang at fifteen hundred households. Youzhi's blade on Xuan earned the Yidao county marquisate.
49
自寶至璩三葉，擁旄開國者四人，將帥之家，與尋陽周氏為輩，而人物不及也。
Three generations from Mao Bao to Mao Qu produced four banner-bearing founders—peer to Xunyang's Zhous if lesser in brilliance.
50
瑾子修之，頻曆清顯，至右衛將軍，從劉裕平姚泓。 後為安西司馬，沒于魏。
Mao Xiuzhi climbed clean posts to right guards general and joined Liu Yu against Later Qin. Later western guard marshal, he vanished into Wei captivity.
51
四子：潭、泰、邃、遁。 潭嗣爵，官至江夏相。 泰曆太傅從事中郎、後軍諮議參軍，與邃俱為會稽王父子所昵，乃追論安之討盧悚勳，賜爵平都子，命潭襲爵。 元顯嘗宴泰家，既而欲去，泰苦留之曰：「公若遂去，當取公腳。」 元顯大怒，奮衣而出，遂與元顯有隙。 及元顯敗，泰時為冠軍將軍、堂邑太山二郡太守。 邃為遊擊將軍，遁為太傅主簿，桓玄得志，使泰收元顯，遂於新亭，泰因宿恨，手加毆辱。 俄並為玄所殺，惟遁被徙廣州。 義熙初，得還，至宜都太守。
He fathered Tan, Tai, Sui, and Dun. Eldest Mao Tan took the title and reached Jiangxia chancellor. Mao Tai advised the Grand Tutor and rear army; he and Mao Sui curried Prince Kuaiji's circle until Lu Song's old score won Tai the Pingdu barony while Tan kept the main line. Yuan Xian dined at Mao Tai's then rose to leave; Mao Tai joked he would take his legs if he walked out." Yuan Xian stormed out—and enmity opened between him and Mao Tai. At Yuan Xian's ruin Mao Tai held champion rank over Tangyi and Taishan. Mao Sui served as roaming striker; Mao Dun clerked the Grand Tutor; Huan Xuan ordered Mao Tai to collar Yuan Xian at Xin Pavilion—where Mao Tai repaid old insults with his fists. Huan Xuan soon executed both brothers; only Mao Dun went south in exile. Yixi's opening saw him home as Yidu magistrate.
52
德祖，璩宗人也。 父祖並沒於賊中。 德祖兄弟五人，相攜南渡，皆有武幹，荊州刺史劉道規以德祖為建武將軍、始平太守，又徙涪陵太守。 盧循之役，道規又以為參軍，伐徐道覆於始興。 尋遭母憂。 劉裕伐司馬休之，版補太尉參軍、義陽太守，賜爵遷陵縣侯，轉南陽太守，從劉裕伐姚泓，頻攻滎陽、扶風、南安、馮詡數郡，所在克捷。 裕嘉之，以為龍驤將軍、秦州刺史。 裕留第二子義真為安西將軍、雍州刺史。 以德祖為中兵參軍，領天水太守，從義真還。 裕以德祖督河東平陽二郡軍事、輔國將軍、河東太守，代劉遵考守蒲阪。 及河北覆敗，德祖全軍而歸。 裕方欲蕩平關洛，先以德祖督九郡軍事、冠軍將軍、滎陽京兆太守，以前後功，賜爵灌陽縣男，尋遷督司雍並三州諸軍事、冠軍將軍、司州刺史，戍武牢，為魏所沒。
Mao Dezu belonged to Mao Qu's lineage. Father and grandfather died in rebel chaos. Five Mao brothers fled south together; Liu Daogui made Mao Dezu mighty-display general, Shiping magistrate, then Fuling. Lu Xun's war brought Mao Dezu back as aide against Xu Daofu at Shixing. Mother's death soon pulled him into mourning. Liu Yu's march on Sima Xiuzhi drafted Mao Dezu as Grand Commandant aide and Yiyang magistrate with Qianling marquisate; Nanyang followed, then conquest of Later Qin—Xingyang, Fufeng, Nan'an, Fengyi fell in turn. Liu Yu rewarded him with Soaring Dragon general and Qinzhou inspector. Liu Yu left Liu Yizhen as western pacifier and Yongzhou inspector. Mao Dezu served as central corps aide and Tianshui magistrate on the withdrawal with Yizhen. Liu Yu gave him Hedong-Pingyang command, supporting-state general, Hedong magistrate, Puban garrison—replacing Liu Zunkao. Hebei's rout still saw Mao Dezu extract his corps whole. Before the next Guan-Luo push Liu Yu named Mao Dezu champion over nine counties, Xingyang-Jingzhao magistrate, Guanyang baron, then Si-Yong-Bing governor with Sizhou inspectorate at Wulao—where Wei took him.
53
德祖次弟嶷，嶷弟辯，並有志節。 嶷死于盧循之難，辯沒于魯宗之役，並奮不顧命，為世所歎。
Younger brothers Mao Yi and Mao Bian shared fierce integrity. Mao Yi fell in Lu Xun's rising; Mao Bian in Lu Zongzhi's war—both charged without thought for life.
54
劉遐，字正長，廣平易陽人也。 性果毅，便弓馬，開豁勇壯。 值天下大亂，遐為塢主，每擊賊，率壯士陷堅摧鋒，冀方比之張飛、關羽。 鄉人冀州刺史邵續深器之，以女妻焉，遂壁於河濟之間，賊不敢逼。 遐間道遣使受元帝節度，朝廷嘉之，璽書慰勉，以為龍驤將軍、平原內史。 建武初，元帝令曰：「遐忠勇果毅，義誠可嘉。 以遐為下邳內史，將軍如故。」
Liu Xia, courtesy Zhengzhang, came from Yiyang in Guangping commandery. He was bold and blunt, superb rider and archer, with fearless vigor. Amid collapse he ruled a river fort, charging vanguard like Zhang Fei or Guan Yu whenever raiders neared. Shao Xu of Jizhou admired him, married him into the family, and backed his stockade between the rivers until foes feared the ground. Secret couriers pledged him to Emperor Yuan; the throne answered with praise and named him Soaring Dragon general and Pingyuan secretary. Early Jianwu brought Yuan's writ: Liu Xia's loyalty and grit deserved honor. Make him Xiapi secretary while keeping his general's rank."
55
初，沛人周堅，一名撫，與同郡周默因天下亂，各為塢主，以寇抄為事。 默降祖逖，撫怒，遂襲殺默，以彭城叛，石勒遣騎援之。 詔遐領彭城內史，與徐州刺史蔡豹、太山太守徐龕共討撫，戰於寒山，撫敗走。 詔徙遐為臨淮太守。 徐龕復反，事平，以遐為北中郎將、兗州刺史。
Pei natives Zhou Jian, alias Fu, and Zhou Mo crowned themselves fort chiefs and lived by plunder. Zhou Mo yielded to Zu Ti; Zhou Fu slew him, seized Pengcheng, and won Shi Le's riders. The court named Liu Xia Pengcheng secretary alongside Cai Bao and Xu Kan; Cold Mountain broke Zhou Fu. Edict shifted him to Linhuai magistrate. After Xu Kan's second revolt cleared, Liu Xia took northern palace rank and Yanzhou inspectorate.
56
子肇年幼，成帝以徐州授郗鑒，以郭默為北中郎將，領遐部曲。 遐妹夫田防及遐故將史迭、卞咸、李龍等不樂他屬，共立肇，襲遐故位以叛。 成帝遣郭默等率諸郡討之。 默等始上道，而臨淮太守劉矯率將士數百掩襲遐營，迭等迸走，斬田防及督護卞咸等，追斬迭、龍於下邳，傳首詣闕。 遐母妻子參佐將士悉還建康。
Young Liu Zhao left Xuzhou to Xi Jian while Guo Mo absorbed Liu Xia's household troops. Brother-in-law Tian Fang and veterans Shi Die, Bian Xian, and Li Long refused new masters, crowned boy Zhao, and mutinied. Guo Mo led county levies against them. Before Guo Mo marched, Liu Jiao of Linhuai stormed the fort, scattered the plotters, beheaded Tian Fang and Bian Xian, ran down Shi Die and Li Long at Xiapi, and shipped heads south. Mother, wives, children, aides, and troops reached Jiankang alive.
57
遐妻驍果有父風。 遐嘗為石季龍所圍，妻單將數騎，拔遐出於萬眾之中。 及田防等欲為亂，遐妻止之，不從，乃密起火燒甲杖都盡。
Liu Xia's wife matched her father's ferocity. When Shi Jilong ringed Liu Xia, she sliced through alone with a handful of horse and dragged him free. She forbade Tian Fang's coup; ignored, she torched the armory.
58
肇襲爵，官至散騎侍郎。 肇卒，子舉嗣。 卒，子遵之嗣。 卒，子伯齡嗣。 宋受禪，國除。
Liu Zhao inherited and climbed to palace gentleman attendant. Liu Ju followed Liu Zhao. Next came Liu Dunzhi. Liu Boling succeeded. Liu Song erased the fief.
59
鄧岳，字伯山，陳郡人也。 本名岳，以犯康帝諱，改為嶽，後竟改名為岱焉。 少有將帥才略，為王敦參軍。 轉從事中郎、西陽太守。 王含構產逆，嶽領兵隨含向京都。 及含敗，岳與周撫俱奔蠻王向蠶。 後遇赦，與撫俱出。 久之，司徒王導命為從事中郎，後復為西陽太守。
Deng Yue, courtesy Boshan, came from Chen commandery. Born Deng Yue, he swapped graphs for Kang's taboo to Deng Yue variant, then settled on Deng Dai. Young Deng Yue showed command gifts on Wang Dun's staff. Promotion brought attendant clerk and Xiyang magistrate. Wang Han's coup drew Deng Yue's column toward Jiankang. Defeat sent Deng Yue and Zhou Fu to Barbarian King Xiang Can. Amnesty freed him with Zhou Fu. Wang Dao later restored him to attendant clerk and Xiyang.
60
及蘇峻反，平南將軍溫嶠遣嶽與督護王愆期、鄱陽太守紀睦等率舟軍赴難。 峻平，還郡。 郭默之殺劉胤也，大司馬陶侃使岳率西陽之眾討之。 默平，遷督交廣二州軍事、建武將軍、領平越中郎將、廣州刺史、假節，錄前後勳，封宜城縣伯。 咸康三年，嶽遣軍伐夜郎，破之，加督寧州，進征虜將軍，遷平南將軍。 卒，子遐嗣。
Su Jun's rising saw Wen Qiao send Deng Yue, Wang Yanqi, and Ji Mu downstream. Peace took him home to Xiyang. Guo Mo's killing of Liu Yin brought Tao Kan's order for Deng Yue to march from Xiyang. Victory stacked titles: Jiao-Guang overseer, mighty-display general, Yue colonel, Guangzhou inspector, credential staff, baron of Yicheng. Xiankang third year brought conquest of Yelang, added Ningzhou watch, caitiff general, southern pacifier. Son Deng Xia succeeded.
61
遐字應遠。 勇力絕人，氣蓋當時，時人方之樊噲。 桓溫以為參軍，數從溫征伐，曆冠軍將軍，數郡太守，號為名將。 襄陽城北沔水中有蛟，常為人害，遐遂拔劍入水，蛟繞其足，遐揮劍截蛟數段而出。 枋頭之役，溫既懷恥忿，且忌憚遐之勇果，因免遐官，尋卒。 甯康中，追贈廬陵太守。
Deng Xia took courtesy Yingyuan. Strength and swagger rivaled Fan Kuai in gossip. Huan Wen's wars forged champion posts and county seats until Deng Xia ranked among storied captains. A river monster plagued Xiangyang; Deng Xia waded in, let it twist his legs, and carved it to pieces. Fangtou's humiliation made Huan Wen jealous of Deng Xia's nerve—he stripped him and Xia died soon after. Ningkang years posthumously named him Luling magistrate.
62
岳弟逸，字茂山，亦有武幹。 嶽卒後，以逸監交廣州、建威將軍、平越中郎將、廣州刺史、假節。
Brother Deng Yi shared martial gifts. Deng Yue's death handed Deng Yi Jiao-Guang command, mighty-display rank, Yue colonel, Guangzhou inspector, credential staff.
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硃序，字次倫，義陽人也。 父燾，以才幹曆西蠻校尉、益州刺史。 序世為名將，累遷鷹揚將軍、江夏相。 興甯末，梁州刺史司馬勳反，桓溫表序為征討都護往討之，以功拜征虜將軍，封襄平子。 太和中，遷兗州刺史。 時長城人錢弘聚党百餘人，藏匿原鄉山。 以序為中軍司馬、吳興太守。 序至郡，討擒之。 事訖，還兗州。
Zhu Xu, courtesy Cilun, hailed from Yiyang. Father Zhu Tao climbed to western Yi colonel and Yizhou inspector. Generals ran in the blood; Zhu Xu rose to spreading-might general and Jiangxia chancellor. Sima Xun's Liangzhou revolt sent Zhu Xu under Huan Wen's banner—merit won caitiff general and Xiangping viscount. Taihe brought Yanzhou inspectorate. Qian Hong holed up on Yuanxiang Mountain with a hundred blades. Court named Zhu Xu central army marshal and Wuxing magistrate. He swept the hills and caged Qian Hong. Duty done, he reclaimed Yanzhou.
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甯康初，拜使持節、監沔中諸軍事、南中郎將、梁州刺史，鎮襄陽。 是歲，苻堅遣其將苻不等率眾圍序，序固守，賊糧將盡，率眾苦攻之。 初，苻丕之來攻也，序母韓自登城履行，謖西北角當先受弊，遂領百餘婢並城中女子於其角斜築城二十餘丈。 賊攻西北角，果潰，眾便固新築城。 丕遂引退。 襄陽人謂此城為夫人城。 序累戰破賊，人情勞懈，又以賊退稍遠，疑未能來，守備不謹，督護李伯護密與賊相應，襄陽遂沒，序陷於苻堅。 堅殺伯護徇之，以其不忠也。 序欲逃歸，潛至宜陽，藏夏揆家。 堅疑揆，收之，序乃詣苻暉自首，堅嘉而不問，以為尚書。
Ningkang opened with credential staff, Han River command, southern palace general, Liangzhou inspector at Xiangyang. Fu Jian's Fu Bu besieged Xiangyang until supplies failed, then hurled desperate assaults. Lady Han walked the walls, saw the northwest would buckle first, and piled twenty-plus zhang of earth there with maids and townswomen. The foe smashed the old northwest shoulder; defenders slid onto Lady Han's fresh berm. Fu Bu quit the siege. Locals still call it the Lady's Wall. Victory bred slack; Zhu Xu assumed distance meant peace; Li Bohu betrayed the gates to Fu Jian. Fu Jian executed Li Bohu as the traitor he was. Zhu Xu slipped toward Jin lines and hid with Xia Kui. Suspicion fell on Xia Kui; Zhu Xu surrendered to Fu Hui instead and Fu Jian admired him into minister rank.
65
太元中，苻堅南侵，謝石率眾距之。 時堅大兵尚在項，苻融以三十萬眾先至。 堅遣序說謝石，稱己兵威。 序反謂石曰：「若堅百萬之眾悉到，莫可與敵，及其未會，擊之，可以得志。」 於是石遣謝琰選勇士八千人涉肥水挑戰。 堅眾小卻，序時在其軍後，唱云：「堅敗！」 眾遂大奔，序乃得歸。 拜龍驤將軍、琅邪內史，轉揚州豫州五郡軍事、豫州刺史，屯洛陽。
Taiyuan brought Fu Jian south against Xie Shi. Fu Jian's core host lingered at Xiang while Fu Rong landed three hundred thousand. Fu Jian sent Zhu Xu to awe Xie Shi with numbers. Zhu Xu whispered: wait for the million and you lose—hit Fu Jian now while columns straggle." Xie Shi ordered Xie Yan across the Fei with eight thousand picked men. Fu Jian's lines eased backward; Zhu Xu howled from the rear that Fu Jian had fallen." Panic routed Fu Jian and Zhu Xu sprinted home. Rewards piled: Soaring Dragon, Langye secretary, five-county Yang-Yu command, Yuzhou inspector at Luoyang.
66
後丁零翟遼反，序遣將軍秦膺、童斌與淮泗諸郡共討之。 又監兗青二州諸軍事、二州刺史，將軍如故，進鎮彭城。 序求鎮淮陰，帝許焉。 翟遼又使其子釗寇陳潁，序還遣秦膺討釗，走之，拜征虜將軍。 表求運江州米十萬斛，布五千匹以資軍費，詔聽之。 加都督司、雍、梁、秦四州軍事。 帝遣廣威將軍、河南太守楊佺期，南陽太守趙睦，各領兵千人隸序。 序又表求故荊州刺史桓石生府田百頃，並谷八萬斛，給之。 仍戍洛陽，衛山陵也。
Zhai Liao's Dingling revolt drew Qin Ying and Tong Bin from Zhu Xu. He added Yan-Qing oversight, twin inspectors, old rank, Pengcheng seat. He traded up for Huaiyin and the throne agreed. Zhai Liao's son Zhai Zhao raided Chen-Ying; Qin Ying threw him back and Zhu Xu gained caitiff general. He begged one hundred thousand hu from Jiangzhou plus five thousand bolts—approved. Four-province Si-Yong-Liang-Qin command followed. Yang Quanqi of Henan and Zhao Mu of Nanyang brought a thousand men each to Zhu Xu. He claimed Huan Shisheng's hundred qing and eighty thousand hu—granted. He stayed at Luoyang guarding Jin mausolea.
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其後慕容永率眾向洛陽，序自河陰北濟，與永偽將王次等相遇，乃戰于沁水，次改走，斬其支將勿支首。 參軍趙睦、江夏相桓不才追永，破之於太行。 永歸上黨。 時楊楷聚眾數千，在湖陝，聞永敗，遣任子詣序乞降。 序追永至上黨之白水，與永相持二旬。 聞翟遼欲向金墉，乃還，遂攻翟釗于石門，遣參軍趙蕃破翟遼於懷縣，遼宵遁。 序退次洛陽，留鷹揚將軍硃党戍石門。 序仍使子略督護洛城，趙蕃為助。 序還襄陽。 會稽王道子以序勝負相補，不加褒貶。
Murong Yong drew Zhu Xu north from Heyin; Qin River broke Wang Ci and took Wuzhi's head. Zhao Mu and Huan Bucai chased Murong Yong into Taihang and broke him. Murong Yong fled to Shangdang. Yang Kai at Huxia offered surrender after Yong's rout. Zhu Xu dogged Murong Yong to Baishui for twenty days. News of Zhai Liao aiming at Golden Rampart spun Zhu Xu back—Stone Gate struck Zhai Zhao, Zhao Fan whipped Zhai Liao at Huai, who vanished overnight. He regrouped at Luoyang leaving Zhu Dang at Stone Gate. Son Zhu Lue guarded Luoyang with Zhao Fan. Zhu Xu rode home to Xiangyang. Prince Daozi judged Zhu Xu's wins and losses a wash—no medal, no lash.
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其後東羌校尉竇沖欲入漢川，安定人皇甫釗、京兆人周勳等謀納之。 梁州刺史周瓊失巴西三郡，眾寡力弱，告急於序，序遣將軍皇甫貞率眾赴之。 沖據長安東，釗、勳散走。
Dou Chong aimed at Hanzhong; Huangfu Zhao and Zhou Xun meant to open the gate. Zhou Qiong's triple loss brought Zhu Xu's column under Huangfu Zhen. Dou Chong seized Chang'an's east flank while plotters ran.
69
序以老病，累表解職，不許。 詔斷表，遂輒去任。 數旬，歸罪廷尉，詔原不問。 太元十八年卒，贈左將軍、散騎常侍。
Age and sickness drove resignation pleas—denied. Edicts barred more excuses; he quit anyway. He presented himself to the minister of justice and won blanket pardon. Taiyuan eighteen ended his life; posthumous left general and ordinary attendant followed.
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史臣曰：晉氏淪喪，播遷江表，內難薦臻，外虞不息，經略之道，是所未弘，將帥之功，無聞焉爾。 遜、豹、宣、胤服勤於太興之間，毛、鄧、劉、硃馳騖乎咸和之後。 雖人不逮古，亦足列於當世焉。
Historians add: refugee Jin faced coup within and raid without—little grand strategy, thinner laurels for captains. Wang Xun, Cai Bao, Huan Xuan, and Liu Yin wore themselves out in Emperor Yuan's Taixing reign; Mao Bao, Deng Yue, Liu Xia, and Zhu Si chased glory once Xianhe arrived. They fell short of legendary exemplars yet deserved places among their contemporaries.
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贊曰：氣分淮海，災流瀍澗。 覆類玄蚖，興微《鴻雁》。 鼓鞞在聽，《兔罝》有作。 赳赳群英，勤茲王略。
Verdict runs: fortune fractured between Huai and the eastern sea; calamity flooded the Chan and Jian valleys. Collapse coiled like shadow reptiles; even faint renewal echoed 《Wild Geese》 on weary wings. Battle drums hammered the courts; recruiting songs such as 《The Rabbit Snare》 rang out again. Staunch captains shouldered the throne's wider strategy with relentless grit.