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__FORCETOC__中宗中宗大和聖昭孝皇帝諱顯，高宗第七子，母曰則天順聖皇后。 顯慶元年十一月乙丑，生於長安。 明年封周王，授洛州牧。 儀鳳二年，徙封英王，改名哲，授雍州牧。 永隆元年，章懷太子廢，其年立為皇太子。 弘道元年十二月，高宗崩，遺詔皇太子柩前即帝位。 皇太后臨朝稱制，改元嗣聖。 元年二月，皇太后廢帝為廬陵王，幽於別所。 其年五月，遷於均州，尋徙居房陵。 聖歷元年，召還東都，立為皇太子，依舊名顯。 時張易之與弟昌宗潛圖逆亂。 神龍元年神龍元年正月，鳳閣侍郎張柬之、鸞臺侍郎崔玄暐、左羽林將軍敬暉、右羽林將軍桓彥範、司刑少卿袁恕己等定策率羽林兵誅易之、昌宗，迎皇太子監國，總司庶政。 大赦天下。 鳳閣侍郎韋承慶、正諫大夫房融、司禮卿崔神慶等下獄。 甲辰，命地官侍郎樊忱往京師告廟陵。 司刑少卿兼相王府司馬袁恕己為鳳閣鸞臺平章事。 乙巳，則天傳位於皇太子。 丙午，即皇帝位於通天宮，大赦天下，唯易之黨與不在原限。 為周興、來俊臣所枉陷者，咸令雪免。 內外文武官加兩階，三品已上加爵二等，入五品等特減四考。 大酺五日。 以並州牧相王旦及太平公主有誅易之兄弟功，相王加號安國相王，進拜太尉、同鳳閣鸞臺三品； 公主加號鎮國太平公主，仍賜實封，通前滿五千戶。 皇親先被配沒者，子孫令復屬籍，仍量敘官爵。 出宮女三千。 丁未，天后徙居上陽宮。 庚戌，鳳閣侍郎同鳳閣鸞臺平章事張柬之為夏官尚書、同鳳閣鸞臺三品，封漢陽郡公； 鸞臺侍郎兼檢校太子右庶子、同鳳閣鸞臺平章事崔玄暐為守內史，封博陵郡公； 袁恕己同鳳閣鸞臺三品，封南陽郡公； 敬暉為納言、平陽郡公； 桓彥範為納言、譙郡公：並加銀青光祿大夫，賜實封五百戶。 右羽林大將軍、遼國公李多祚進封遼陽郡王，賜實封六百戶； 內直郎、駙馬都尉王同皎為雲麾將軍、右千牛將軍、瑯邪郡公，食實封五百戶。 並賞誅張易之兄弟功。 其餘封各有差。 上天后尊號為則天大聖皇帝。
Zhongzong — Emperor Zhongzong, styled Great Harmonious Sagely Illustrious Filial, bore the taboo name Xian. He was Gaozong's seventh son; his mother was Empress Zetian the Shunsheng. In the eleventh month of Xianqing 1, on yichou, he was born in Chang'an. The following year he was created Prince of Zhou and made military governor of Luozhou. In Yifeng 2 he was made Prince of Ying, renamed Zhe, and appointed military governor of Yongzhou. In Yonglong 1 Crown Prince Zhanghuai was deposed, and that year he was made crown prince. In the twelfth month of Hongdao 1 Gaozong died, and by his testament the crown prince ascended before the coffin. The empress dowager ruled from behind the curtain and renamed the era Zisheng. In the second month of that year she demoted him to Prince of Luling and shut him away. In the fifth month he was exiled to Junzhou, then soon moved to Fangling. In Shenglü 1 he was recalled to Luoyang, made crown prince again, and took back the name Xian. By then Zhang Yizhi and his brother Changzong were plotting treason in secret. In the first month of Shenlong 1, Zhang Jianzhi of Fengge, Cui Xuanwei of Luantai, Jing Hui and Huan Yanfan of the feathered forest guards, and Yuan Shuji of the punishments bureau led the guard in killing Yizhi and Changzong, brought the crown prince to govern as regent, and seized the reins of state. The court proclaimed a general amnesty throughout the realm. Wei Chengqing of Fengge, Remonstrator Fang Rong, and Cui Shenqing, minister of rites, were thrown into prison. On jiachen he sent Fan Chen, vice minister of earthly offices, to Chang'an to report at the temples and imperial tombs. Yuan Shuji, vice director of punishments and marshal to the Prince of Xiang, joined the third rank at Phoenix Pavilion and Terrace. On yisi Empress Zetian abdicated in favor of the crown prince. On bingwu he ascended at the Hall of Penetrating Heaven, proclaimed amnesty, and excluded Yizhi's faction from the pardon. Everyone framed by Zhou Xing and Lai Junchen was cleared and restored. Every official, civil or military, gained two ranks; third rank and above received two noble degrees; those newly reaching fifth rank had four examinations waived. The court granted five days of public feasting. Prince Dan of Xiang, governor of Bingzhou, and Princess Taiping had helped kill the Zhang brothers; the prince took the added title Pacifying-the-State Prince of Xiang and rose to grand marshal of third rank at Phoenix Pavilion and Terrace; the princess became Pacifying-the-Realm Princess Taiping with a new substantive fief, bringing her total to five thousand households. Descendants of confiscated imperial kin were restored to the registers and given offices and titles as their merits allowed. Three thousand palace women were sent out of the palace. On dingwei the retired empress moved to Shangyang Palace. On gengxu Zhang Jianzhi became minister of summer offices of third rank at Phoenix Pavilion and Terrace and was created Duke of Hanyang; Cui Xuanwei, Luantai vice minister and crown prince aide, became acting secretariat director and Duke of Boling; Yuan Shuji of third rank was created Duke of Nanyang; Jing Hui became attendant-in-chief and Duke of Pingyang; Huan Yanfan became attendant-in-chief and Duke of Qiao; all received the silver-blue-glow grandee rank and fiefs of five hundred households. Li Duozuo, right general of the feathered forest, was raised to Prince of Liaoyang with a fief of six hundred households; Wang Tongjiao, inner attendant and imperial son-in-law, became cloud-banners general, right thousand-ox general, and Duke of Langye with a fief of five hundred households. All were rewarded for killing the Zhang brothers. Other rewards were graded by merit. The retired empress was styled Great Sage Emperor Zetian.
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二月甲寅，復國號，依舊為唐。 社稷、宗廟、陵寢、郊祀、行軍旗幟、服色、天地、日月、寺宇、臺閣、官名，並依永淳已前故事。 神都依舊為東都，北都為並州大都督府，老君依舊為玄元皇帝。 諸州百姓免今年租稅，房州百姓給復三年。 改左右肅政臺為左右御史臺。 韋承慶貶高要尉，房融配流欽州。 中書令楊再思為戶部尚書、同中書門下三品、京留守； 太僕卿、同中書門下三品姚元之出為亳州刺史。 己未，封堂兄左金吾將軍、鬱林郡公千里為成紀郡王、左金吾衛大將軍，實封五百戶。 令貢舉人停習《臣軌》，依舊習《老子》。 甲子，立妃韋氏為皇后，大赦天下，內外官陪位者賜勛一轉，大酺三日。 后父故豫州刺史玄貞為上洛郡王，后母崔氏贈上洛郡王妃。 初，韓王元嘉、霍王元軌等自垂拱以來皆遭非命，是日追復官爵，令備禮改葬，有胤嗣者即令承襲，無胤嗣者聽取親為後。 詔九品已上及朝集使極言朝政得失，兼舉賢良方正直言極諫之士。 丙寅，左散騎常侍、譙王重福貶濮州員外刺史，不知州事。 特進、太子賓客、梁王武三思為司空、同中書門下三品，加實封五百戶，通前一千五百戶。 丁卯，右散騎常侍、定安郡王、駙馬都尉武攸暨封定王，為司徒，更加實封四百戶，通前一千戶。 辛未，上往觀風殿朝天后。 太尉、安國相王旦固讓太尉及知政事，遂從其請。 甲戌，國子祭酒祝欽明同中書門下三品。 黃門侍郎、知侍中事韋安石為刑部尚書，罷知政事。 丙子，諸州置寺、觀一所，以「中興」為名。 丁丑，武三思固讓司空、同中書門下三品，武攸暨固讓司徒、封王，許之。 改封義興郡王重俊為衛王，北海郡王重茂為溫王。
On jiayin of the second month the dynasty was restored to Tang. Altars, temples, tombs, suburban rites, banners, dress, celestial names, monasteries, offices, and titles all reverted to pre-Yongchun usage. Luoyang again became the eastern capital, Taiyuan the northern metropolitan prefecture, and Lord Lao again the Mysterious Primordial Emperor. Every prefecture was excused this year's taxes; Fang Prefecture received three years' relief. The censorial reform offices were restored as the left and right censorates. Wei Chengqing was demoted to Gaoyao captain; Fang Rong was exiled to Qinzhou. Yang Zaisi became minister of revenue of third rank at the Secretariat Chancellery and capital intendant; Yao Yuanzhi, grand master of splendid carriages of third rank, was sent out as prefect of Bozhou. On jiwei his cousin Qianli, left golden-guard general and Duke of Yulin, was made Prince of Chengji and left golden-guard general with a fief of five hundred households. Exam candidates were told to drop the Guidelines for Ministers and resume study of the Laozi. On jiazi Consort Wei became empress; the court proclaimed amnesty, granted attending officials one merit turn, and feasted for three days. The empress's father Xuanzhen, late prefect of Yu, was made Prince of Shangluo; her mother Lady Cui was posthumously made princess of Shangluo. Princes Yuanjia of Han, Yuangui of Huo, and others wrongfully killed since Chuigong had their honors restored that day, were reburied with full rites, and heirs or adoptive kin were allowed to succeed. An edict commanded officials of the ninth rank and above and assembly envoys to speak frankly on policy and recommend worthy, upright remonstrators. On bingyin Prince Chongfu of Qiao was demoted to supernumerary prefect of Pu, without governing authority. Wu Sansi, special advance, crown prince mentor, and Prince of Liang, became minister of works of third rank with a new fief of five hundred households, for fifteen hundred in all. On dingmao Wu Youji, right attendant and imperial son-in-law, was made Prince of Ding and minister of education with four hundred added households, for one thousand in all. On xinwei the emperor visited the retired empress at the Hall of Observing the Wind. Prince Dan of Xiang, grand marshal, refused the grand marshal post and a seat in government, and the emperor let him step down. On jiaxu Zhu Qinming, directorate libationer, joined the third rank at the Secretariat Chancellery. Wei Anshi, yellow-gate vice minister acting for the secretariat, became minister of punishments and left the council. On bingzi every prefecture was ordered to found one monastery and one abbey named Restoration. On dingchou Wu Sansi and Wu Youji were allowed to decline their new honors. Prince Chongjun of Yixing was made Prince of Wei; Prince Chongmao of Beihai was made Prince of Wen.
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三月辛巳，追復故司空、英國公李勣官爵，令所司為起墳改葬。 甲申，制文明已來破家臣僚所有子孫，並還資廕。 其揚州構逆徒黨，唯徐敬業一房不在免限，餘並原宥。 丁亥，廢左右司員外郎。 其酷吏劉光業、王德壽、王處貞、屈貞筠、劉景陽等五人，雖已身死，官爵並宜追奪； 景陽見在，貶祿州樂單尉。 丘神勣、來子珣，萬國俊、周興、來俊臣、魚承曄、王景昭、索元禮、傅游藝、王弘義、張知默、裴籍、焦仁亶、侯思立、郭霸、李敬仁、皇甫文備、陳嘉言等雖已身死，並宜除名。 唐奉一配流，李秦授、曹仁哲並改與嶺南遠惡處。 己丑，中書侍郎兼檢校相王府長史、南陽郡公袁恕己為中書令，兼檢校安國相王府長史。 詔曰：「君臣朝序，貴賤之禮斯殊； 兄弟大倫，先後之儀亦異。 聖人之制，率由斯道。 朕臨茲寶極，位在崇高。 負扆當陽，雖受宗枝之敬； 退朝私謁，仍用家人之禮。 近代以來，罕遵軌度，王及公主，曲致私情，姑叔之尊，拜於子侄，違法背禮，情用惻然。 自今已後，宜從革弊。 安國相王某及鎮國太平公主更不得輒拜衛王重俊兄弟及長寧公主姊妹等。 宜告宗屬，知朕意焉。」 先是，諸王及公主皆以親為貴，天子之子，諸姑叔見之必先致拜，若致書則稱為啟事。 上志欲敦睦親族，故下制革之。 庚寅，衛王重俊上洛州牧。 王乘駟馬車，鹵簿從； 諸王公已下、中書門下五品已上及諸親並祖送，禮儀甚盛。 事畢，賜物有差。 辛卯，以故司僕少卿徐有功執法平恕，追贈越州都督，並授一子官。 戊戌，左右千牛衛各置大將軍一員。 罷奉宸府官員。 以安北大都護、安國相王旦為左右千牛大將軍，每大朝會內供奉。 丙午，改秋社依舊用仲秋。 戊申，相王旦於太常㕔上。 王公諸親祖送，衛尉張設，光祿造食。 禮畢，賜物如衛王上洛州牧之儀。
On xinsi Li Ji, late minister of works and Duke of Ying, had his honors restored and was ordered reburied with full rites. On jiashen property seized from officials ruined since Wenming was ordered returned to their families. Of the Yangzhou rebels only Xu Jingye's house was barred from amnesty; all others were pardoned. On dinghai the supernumerary secretariat vice directors were abolished. The cruel officials Liu Guangye, Wang Deshou, Wang Chuzhen, Qu Zhenjun, and Liu Jingyang, though dead, had their titles stripped; Liu Jingyang, still alive, was demoted to Ledan captain in Luzhou. Qiu Shenji, Lai Zixun, Wan Guojun, Zhou Xing, Lai Junchen, and a host of other dead persecutors were erased from the registers. Tang Fengyi was exiled; Li Qinshou and Cao Renzhe were sent to the distant south. On jichou Yuan Shuji, secretariat vice minister and administrator to Prince Dan of Xiang, became secretariat director while keeping his post with the prince. An edict said: "In court the order of lord and minister sets rank high and low; among brothers kinship likewise sets who comes first. The sages founded their rites on this principle. We occupy the sacred throne, raised to the highest place. Facing south behind the screen we receive the clan's reverence in audience; in private we still keep the family rites. Lately few have kept the measure: princes and princesses have bent rite to private feeling; uncles and aunts of honored rank have bowed to nephews and nieces—against law and propriety, and it pains us. From this day such abuses are to end. Prince Dan of Xiang and Princess Taiping must no longer bow to Prince Chongjun of Wei and his brothers or to Princess Changning and her sisters. Let the clan be told, so all may know our intent. Before this, princes and princesses had treated blood as rank: the emperor's sons, and every aunt and uncle, bowed first on meeting them, and in letters called their notes memorials. The emperor wished warmer kinship; hence this reforming edict. On gengyin Prince Chongjun of Wei became military governor of Luozhou. He rode a four-horse carriage with full guard; every prince and duke below him, every secretariat and chancellery official of the fifth rank and above, and all kin escorted him in a splendid procession. When it was done, gifts were given in graded amounts. On xinmao Xu Yougong, late director of palace steeds, was posthumously made governor of Yue and one son given office for his fair judgments. On wuxu each thousand-ox guard was given one great general. The Attendant Court Bureau staff were abolished. Prince Dan of Xiang, protector of the north, became great general of the left and right thousand-ox guards and attended great audiences within the palace. On bingwu the autumn she rite was fixed again in mid-autumn. On wushen Prince Dan took up his post at the Grand Temple reception hall. Princes, dukes, and kin escorted him; the minister of guests set the guard and the minister of provisions the feast. When the rites ended, gifts followed the same scale as for Prince Chongjun's Luozhou governorship.
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夏四月乙丑，端州尉魏元忠為衛尉卿、同中書門下三品。 甲戌，左庶子韋安石為吏部尚書，太子賓客李懷遠為右散騎常侍，右庶子唐休璟為輔國大將軍，右庶子崔玄暐為特進、檢校益州大都督府長史、判都督事，右庶子、西留守、戶部尚書、弘農郡公楊再思為檢校揚州大都督府長史、判都督事，少詹事兼侍讀、國子祭酒祝欽明為刑部尚書：並依前知政事，以上在春宮故僚也。 乙亥，張柬之為中書令。 戊寅，追贈邵王重潤為懿德太子。 同官縣大雨雹，燕雀多死，漂溺居人四百家，遣使賑給。
In the fourth summer month, on yichou, Wei Yuanzhong of Duanzhou became minister of the imperial clan of third rank at the Secretariat Chancellery. On jiaxu Wei Anshi became minister of personnel; Li Huaiyuan right attendant; Tang Xiujing pacifying-the-state grand general; Cui Xuanwei special advance and acting governor of Yizhou; Yang Zaisi acting governor of Yangzhou; Zhu Qinming minister of punishments—all kept their seats on the council as the crown prince's former staff. On yihai Zhang Jianzhi became secretariat director. On wuyin the late Prince Chongrun of Shao was posthumously made Virtuous Crown Prince. Tongguan was struck by hail that killed birds by the flock, drowned four hundred households, and envoys were sent with relief.
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五月壬午，遷武氏七廟神主於西京崇尊廟。 東都創置太廟社稷。 戊子，制依舊以周、隋為二王後。 壬辰，封成紀郡王千里為成王。 癸巳，侍中敬暉封為平陽郡王； 侍中桓彥範扶陽郡王，賜姓韋氏； 中書令張柬之漢陽郡王； 中書令袁恕己南陽郡王； 特進崔玄暐海陵郡王； 並加授特進，罷知政事。 吏部尚書韋安石為兼中書令，兵部尚書魏元忠為兼侍中。 丙申，皇后表請天下士庶為出母為三年服，年二十二成丁，五十九免役。 癸卯，降梁王武三思為德靜郡王，定王武攸暨為樂壽郡王，河內王武懿宗等十餘人並降為國公。 甲辰，特進、芮國公豆盧欽望為尚書左僕射，輔國大將軍、酒泉郡公唐休璟為尚書右僕射：依舊同中書門下三品。 丙午，制以鄒魯之邑百戶為太師、隆道公宣尼採邑，用供薦享。 又授裔孫褒聖侯崇基朝散大夫，仍許子孫傳襲。
In the fifth month, on renwu, the Wu ancestral tablets were moved to Chongzun Temple in Chang'an. Luoyang gained a new imperial ancestral temple and altars of soil and grain. An edict restored Zhou and Sui as the two former dynasties, as before. On renchen Prince Qianli of Chengji was made Prince of Cheng. On guisi Jing Hui, attendant-in-chief, was made Prince of Pingyang; Huan Yanfan as Prince of Fuyang, granted the Wei surname; Zhang Jianzhi as Prince of Hanyang; Yuan Shuji as Prince of Nanyang; Cui Xuanwei as Prince of Hailing; all were made special advance and left the council. Wei Anshi, minister of personnel, became concurrent secretariat director; Wei Yuanzhong, minister of war, concurrent attendant-in-chief. The empress asked that commoners mourn a stepmother three years, that adulthood begin at twenty-two, and corvée end at fifty-nine. On guimao Wu Sansi was demoted to Prince of Dejing; Wu Youji to Prince of Leshou; Wu Yizong of Henei and a dozen others to state dukes. On jiachen Dou Lu Qinwang became left vice minister of state and Tang Xiujing right vice minister, each of third rank at the Secretariat Chancellery. An edict set aside a hundred households in Zou and Lu to supply sacrifices for Confucius, grand master and duke of the sagely way, and made his descendant Chongji, marquis who honors the sage, a palace gentleman for promotion of virtue, inheritable in perpetuity.
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六月丁巳，河北十七州大水，漂沒人居。 癸亥，尚書左僕射豆盧欽望，軍國重事中書門下可共平章； 檢校中書令韋安石中書令，兼檢校吏部尚書； 檢校侍中魏元忠兼檢校兵部尚書； 楊再思兼戶部尚書，兼檢校中書令。 丁卯，祔孝敬皇帝神主於太廟。 廟號義宗，非禮也。 戊辰，洛水暴漲，壞廬舍二千餘家，溺死者甚眾。
In the sixth month, on dingsi, seventeen Hebei prefectures flooded and drowned countless homes. On guihai Dou Lu Qinwang, left vice minister—on weighty affairs the secretariat and chancellery might jointly deliberate; acting director Wei Anshi became secretariat director and concurrent minister of personnel; acting attendant Wei Yuanzhong became concurrent minister of war; Yang Zaisi became concurrent minister of revenue and acting secretariat director. On dingmao the tablet of the Filial and Respectful Emperor entered the ancestral temple. The temple name Yizong violated ritual. On wuchen the Luo burst its banks, wrecked more than two thousand houses, and drowned a great multitude.
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秋七月辛巳，太子賓客韋巨源同中書門下三品。 乙未，以特進、漢陽郡王張柬之為襄州刺史，仍不知州事。
In the seventh month, on xinsi, Wei Juyuan, crown prince mentor, joined the third rank at the Secretariat Chancellery. On yiwei Zhang Jianzhi, special advance and Duke of Hanyang, was sent to Xiangzhou as nominal prefect without governing authority.
8
八月戊申，以水災，令文武官九品以上直言極諫。 河南洛陽百姓被水兼損者給復一年。 甲子，追冊故妃趙氏為恭皇后，尊孝敬妃裴氏為哀皇后。 乙亥，上親祔太祖景皇帝、獻祖光皇帝、世祖元皇帝、高祖神堯皇帝、皇祖太宗文武皇帝、皇孝高宗天皇大帝、皇兄義宗孝敬皇帝神主於太廟。 皇后廟見。 丁丑，御洛城南門觀斗象。
In the eighth month, on wushen, after the floods the emperor ordered officials of the ninth rank and above to remonstrate without reserve. Henan and Luoyang flood victims received one year's tax relief. On jiazi the late Consort Zhao was made Respectful Empress and Consort Pei, mother of the Filial and Respectful Emperor, Lamenting Empress. On yihai the emperor personally enshrined the tablets from the founding ancestor through Gaozong and the Filial and Respectful Emperor. The empress visited the temple of empresses. On dingchou he watched the stars at Luoyang's south gate.
9
九月壬午，親祀明堂，大赦天下。 禁《化胡經》及婚娶之家父母親亡停喪成禮。 天下大酺三日。 戊戌，太子賓客韋巨源為禮部尚書，依舊知政事。
In the ninth month, on renwu, he sacrificed at the Bright Hall in person and proclaimed amnesty. The Conversion of the Barbarians Sutra was banned, and families were forbidden to skip mourning rites when parents or parents-in-law died. The realm feasted for three days. On wuxu Wei Juyuan became minister of rites while keeping his seat on the council.
10
冬十月癸亥，幸龍門香山寺。 乙丑，幸新安。 改弘文館為修文館。 辛未，魏元忠為中書令，楊再思為侍中。
In the tenth winter month, on guihai, he went to Longmen Xiangshan Monastery. On yichou he went to Xin'an. The Hongwen Institute was renamed the Cultivated Literature Institute. On xinwei Wei Yuanzhong became secretariat director and Yang Zaisi attendant-in-chief.
11
十一月戊寅，加皇帝尊號曰應天，皇后尊號曰順天。 壬午，皇帝、皇后親謁太廟，告受徽號之意，大赦天下，賜酺三日。 己丑，御洛城南門樓觀潑寒胡戲。 辛丑，衛王重俊為左衛大將軍，遙領揚州大都督； 溫王重茂為右衛大將軍，遙領並州大都督。
In the eleventh month, on wuyin, the emperor took the added title Responsive-to-Heaven and the empress Obedient-to-Heaven. On renwu the emperor and empress announced their new titles at the ancestral temple, proclaimed amnesty, and feasted three days. On jichou he watched the Cold-Dispelling Hu play from Luoyang's south gate tower. On xinchou Prince Chongjun of Wei became left guard general and titular governor of Yangzhou; Prince Chongmao of Wen became right guard general and titular governor of Bingzhou.
12
十二月壬寅，則天皇太后崩。 神龍二年二年春正月丙申，護則天靈駕還京。 戊戌，吏部尚書李嶠同中書門下三品，中書侍郎於惟謙同中書門下平章事。
On renyin Empress Zetian died. In the first spring month of Shenlong 2, on bingchen, Zetian's coffin was escorted back to Chang'an. On wuxu Li Qiao, minister of personnel, and Yu Weiqian, secretariat vice minister, joined the third rank at the Secretariat Chancellery.
13
閏月丙午朔，置公主府官員。 乙卯，以特進敬暉、桓彥範、袁恕己等三人為滑、洺、豫刺史。
In the intercalary month, on bingwu at the new moon, princesses' households were given official staffs. On yimao Jing Hui, Huan Yanfan, and Yuan Shuji were sent out as prefects of Hua, Ming, and Yu.
14
二月乙未，刑部尚書韋巨源同中書門下三品。 遣十使巡察風俗。 丙申，僧會範、道士史崇玄等十餘人授官封公，以常賞聖善寺功也。
In the second month, on yiwei, Wei Juyuan, minister of punishments, joined the third rank at the Secretariat Chancellery. Ten envoys were sent to inspect customs empire-wide. On bingchen the monk Huifan, the Daoist Shi Chongxuan, and more than ten others were given offices and dukedoms for routine work on the Sagely Goodness Monastery.
15
三月甲辰，中書令韋安石為戶部尚書，罷知政事。 戶部尚書蘇瑰為侍中、京留守。 乙巳，黃霧四塞。 唐休璟請致仕，許之。 庚戌，殺光祿卿、駙馬都尉王同皎。 壬子，洛陽城東七里許，地色如水，側近樹木、往來車馬歷歷影見水中，經月餘乃滅。 是月，大置員外官，自京諸司及諸州佐凡二千餘人，超授閹官七品已上及員外者千餘人。 壬戌，贈后父韋玄貞太師、益州都督。
In the third month, on jiachen, Wei Anshi left the council to become minister of revenue. Su Gui, minister of revenue, became attendant-in-chief and capital intendant. On yisi yellow fog shrouded the horizon. Tang Xiujing asked to retire and was allowed. On gengxu Wang Tongjiao, director of the office of imperial sons-in-law, was executed. On renzi, seven li east of Luoyang, the earth shone like water and trees and carts cast mirror-clear reflections for more than a month. That month the court flooded the ranks with more than two thousand supernumeraries from capital and provinces and abruptly promoted more than a thousand eunuchs of the seventh rank and above. On renxu the empress's father Xuanzhen was posthumously made grand preceptor and governor of Yizhou.
16
夏四月甲戌，又贈玄貞為酆王，玄貞弟四人並贈郡王。 己卯，左散騎常侍、同中書門下三品李懷遠請致仕，許之。 辛巳，洛水暴漲，壞天津橋。
In the fourth summer month, on jiaxu, Xuanzhen was made posthumous Prince of Feng and four younger brothers posthumous commandery princes. On jimao Li Huaiyuan, left sanqi attendant, retired with permission. On xinsi the Luo in flood wrecked the Tianjin Bridge.
17
六月戊寅，特進、朗州刺史、平陽郡王敬暉貶崖州司馬，特進、毫州刺史、扶陽郡王桓彥範瀧州司馬，特進、郢州刺史袁恕己竇州司馬，特進、均州刺史、博陵郡王崔玄暐白州司馬，特進、襄州刺史、漢陽郡王張柬之新州司馬，並員外置，長任，舊官封爵並追奪。
In the sixth month, on wuyin, the five restoration heroes—Jing Hui, Huan Yanfan, Yuan Shuji, Cui Xuanwei, and Zhang Jianzhi—were demoted to petty frontier posts as supernumeraries for life, and their old honors and fiefs were stripped.
18
秋七月丙午，立衛王重俊為皇太子。 丙寅，中書令兼檢校兵部尚書齊國公魏元忠為尚書右僕射兼中書令，仍知兵部事； 吏部尚書李嶠為中書令； 刑部尚書韋巨源為吏部尚書，依舊同中書門下三品。 庚午，禮部尚書祝欽明為中丞蕭至忠所劾。 前左散騎常侍李懷遠為左散騎常侍、同中書門下三品、東都留守。
In the seventh month, on bingwu, Prince Chongjun of Wei was made crown prince. On bingyin Wei Yuanzhong, secretariat director and Duke of Qi, became right vice minister of state and kept the secretariat and war portfolios; Li Qiao became secretariat director; Wei Juyuan became minister of personnel while keeping his third rank at the Secretariat Chancellery. On gengwu Zhu Qinming, minister of rites, was impeached by Xiao Zhizhong, censor-in-chief. Li Huaiyuan returned as left sanqi attendant of third rank and eastern capital intendant.
19
九月，祝欽明貶青州刺史。 壬寅，幸白馬寺。 戊午，左散騎常侍李懷遠卒。 壬寅，置戶部侍郎一員。
In the ninth month Zhu Qinming was demoted to Qingzhou. On renyin he went to Baima Monastery. On wuwu Li Huaiyuan died. On renyin a second vice minister of revenue was established.
20
冬十月己卯，車駕還京師。 戊戌，至自東都。
In the tenth winter month, on jimao, the court returned to Chang'an. On wuxu he arrived from Luoyang.
21
十一月乙巳，大赦天下，行從文武官賜勛一轉。 改河南為合宮，洛陽為永昌，嵩陽為登封，陽城為告成。 戊午，兼秘書鄭普思坐妖逆配流儋州，其黨與皆伏誅。
In the eleventh month, on yisi, the court proclaimed amnesty and granted one merit turn to officials in the cortège. Henan became Hegong, Luoyang Yongchang, Songyang Dengfeng, and Yangcheng Gaocheng. On wuwu Zheng Pusi, acting secretariat secretary, was exiled to Danzhou for sorcery; his faction was executed to the last man.
22
十二月己卯，突厥默啜寇靈州鳴沙縣，靈武軍大總管沙吒忠義逆擊之，官軍敗績，死者三萬。 丁巳，突厥進寇原、會等州，掠隴右牧馬萬餘而去。 甲申，募能斬默啜者，封授諸大衛大將軍。 丙戌，以突厥犯邊，京師亢旱，令減膳徹樂。 河北水，大饑，命侍中蘇瑰存撫賑給。 丙申，特進、尚書左僕射、兼安國相王府長史、芮國公豆盧欽望為開府儀同三司，依舊平章軍國重事； 尚書右僕射兼中書令、知兵部事、齊國公魏元忠為尚書左僕射兼中書令，仍兼知兵部事。 是冬，牛大疫。 景龍元年三年春正月庚子朔，不受朝會，喪未再期也。 庚戌，以默啜寇邊，制募猛士武藝超絕者，各令自舉，內外群官各進破滅突厥之策。 丙辰，以旱，親錄囚徒。 己巳，遣武攸暨、武三思往乾陵祈雨於則天皇后，既而雨降，上大感悅。
On jimao the Turk Mojilie raided Mingsha in Ling; Shazha Zhongyi of the Lingwu army met him and lost thirty thousand men. On dingsi the Turks raided Yuan, Hui, and neighboring prefectures and drove off more than ten thousand Longyou horses. On jiashen the throne promised enfeoffment and guard general rank to whoever could kill Mojilie. On bingxu, with Turks on the border and Chang'an in drought, the court ate sparingly and silenced the music. Hebei flooded and starved; Su Gui, attendant-in-chief, was sent to comfort and relieve. On bingchen Dou Lu Qinwang became palace minister of the first rank while still deliberating weighty state affairs; Wei Yuanzhong moved to left vice minister of state while keeping the secretariat and war portfolios. That winter a plague killed cattle across the realm. In Jinglong 1, on the gengzi new moon of the first spring month, he held no audience; mourning for Zetian had not yet completed two years. On gengxu, with Mojilie raiding, the throne called for self-nominated warriors and asked every official for plans to crush the Turks. On bingchen, in drought, he reviewed prisoners in person. On jisi Wu Youji and Wu Sansi prayed for rain at Zetian's tomb at Qianling; when rain fell the emperor was deeply moved.
23
二月辛未，制武氏崇恩廟依舊享祭，仍置五品令、七品丞，其昊陵、順陵置令、丞如廟。 壬午，贈太師、酆王廟號褒德，陵號榮先，置六品令、八品丞。 庚寅，改中興寺、觀為龍興，內外不得言「中興」。 辛卯，幸安樂公主宅。
In the second month, on xinwei, the Wu Chong'en Temple sacrifices were restored with fifth-rank directors and seventh-rank aides, and the Hao and Shun tombs staffed likewise. On renwu the late Prince of Feng was temple-named Lauding Virtue and tomb-named Glorious Ancestor, with sixth-rank directors and eighth-rank aides. On gengyin Restoration monasteries and abbeys were renamed Dragon Rise, and the word restoration was banned. On xinmao he visited Princess Anle's mansion.
24
三月丙子，吐蕃贊普遣大臣悉董熱獻方物。 是春，自京師至山東疾疫，民死者眾。 河北、河南大旱。
In the third month, on bingzi, Tibet sent the minister Xidongre with tribute. That spring plague swept from Chang'an to Shandong and killed multitudes. Hebei and Henan suffered severe drought.
25
夏四月辛巳，以嗣雍王守禮女為金城公主，出降吐蕃贊普。 庚寅，幸薦福寺，曲赦雍州。
In the fourth summer month, on xinsi, Prince Shouli's daughter was made Princess Jincheng and sent to marry the Tibetan king. On gengyin he went to Jianfu Monastery and granted a special amnesty to Yong Prefecture.
26
五月戊戌，左屯衛大將軍兼檢校洛州長史張仁亶為朔方道大總管，以備突厥。 丙午，突厥默啜殺我行人臧思言。
In the fifth month, on wuxu, Zhang Renbian, left garrison general and acting Luozhou prefect, became Shuofang grand general against the Turks. On bingwu the Turk qaghan Mo-chu murdered the court envoy Zang Siyan.
27
六月丁卯逆，日有蝕之。 戊子，姚雋道討擊使、侍御史唐九徵擊姚州叛蠻，破之，俘虜三千計，遂於其處勒石紀功焉。 是夏，山東、河北二十餘州旱，饑饉疾疫死者數千計，遣使賑恤之。
In the sixth month, on the dingmao new moon, the sun was eclipsed. On wuzi Tang Jiuzheng, pacification commissioner of Yaoxian circuit and investigating censor, crushed the Yaozhou rebels, took some three thousand captives, and had the victory carved in stone on the spot. That summer drought struck more than twenty prefectures in Shandong and Hebei; famine and plague killed thousands, and the court sent envoys with relief.
28
秋七月庚子，皇太子重俊與羽林將軍李多祚等，率羽林千騎兵三百餘人，誅武三思、武崇訓，遂引兵自肅章門斬關而入。 帝惶遽登玄武樓，重俊引兵至下，上自臨軒諭之，眾遂散去，殺李多祚。 重俊出奔至鄠縣，為部下所殺。 癸卯，大赦天下。
In the seventh month, on gengzi, Crown Prince Chongjun and Yulin general Li Duozuo led over three hundred elite guards, killed Wu Sansi and Wu Chongxun, then forced the Suozhang Gate and burst into the palace. The emperor fled in panic to the Xuanwu Tower. Chongjun brought his men beneath the balcony; the emperor leaned out to reason with them, the soldiers melted away, and Li Duozuo was slain. Chongjun fled toward Hu County and was killed by his own men. On guimao the throne proclaimed a general amnesty.
29
八月丙子，改玄武門為神武門，樓為制勝樓。 丙戌，左僕射兼中書令魏元忠請致仕，授特進。
In the eighth month, on bingzi, Xuanwu Gate was renamed Divine Martial Gate and its tower Tower of Sure Victory. On bingxu Wei Yuanzhong, left vice director of the Secretariat, asked to retire and was made specially advanced.
30
九月丁酉，兵部尚書、郢國公宗楚客，左衛將軍兼太府卿紀處訥並同中書門下三品； 吏部侍郎兼左御史臺中丞蕭至忠為黃門侍郎兼左御史中丞、同中書門下三品； 中書侍郎、東海郡公於惟謙國子祭酒，罷知政事。 庚子，上皇帝尊號曰應天神龍，皇后尊號曰順天翊聖，大赦天下，改元為景龍。 兩京文武官，三品已上賜爵一級，四品已下加一階，外官賜勛一轉。
In the ninth month, on dingyou, Zong Chuke, minister of war and Prince of Ying, and Ji Chuna, left guard general and grand steward, entered the Secretariat as co-equal third-grade ministers; Xiao Zhi Zhong, vice director of personnel and left vice censor-in-chief, was made vice director of the Yellow Gate with the same standing; Yu Wei Qian, vice director of the Secretariat and Duke of Donghai, was made rector of the Directorate of Education and left the council of state. On gengzi the emperor took the honorific Responsive Spirit Divine Dragon and the empress Compliant Heaven Aiding Sage; the realm was amnestied and the era renamed Jinglong. At the two capitals, officials of third rank and above gained a noble rank, those of fourth rank and below a step in rank, and outer officials one turn of merit.
31
景龍元年九月甲辰，特進魏元忠左授務川尉，言與重俊通謀也。 庚辰，侍中兼左御史臺大夫楊再思為中書令，吏部尚書韋巨源、太府卿紀處訥並為侍中，侍中蘇瑰為吏部尚書。 壬戌，改左右羽林衛千騎為萬騎，仍分為左右。
In the ninth month of the first year of Jinglong, on jiachen, Wei Yuanzhong was stripped of specially advanced rank and sent to serve as magistrate of Wuchuan, accused of collusion with Chongjun. On gengchen Yang Zaisi became director of the Secretariat; Wei Juyuan and Ji Chuna, attendants-in-chief; Su Gui, minister of personnel. On renxu the Yulin thousand-horse guards were renamed Ten Thousand Horse regiments, each split into left and right wings.
32
冬十月壬午，彗見於西，月餘而滅。 壬午，皇后上《神武頌》，令兩京及四大都督府皆刻之於石。
In the tenth winter month, on renwu, a comet blazed in the west for more than a month. That same renwu the empress presented the "Ode to Divine Martiality" and had it cut into stone at the two capitals and the four great protectorates.
33
十二月乙丑朔，日有蝕之。 丁丑，京師雨土。 景龍二年二年春正月丙申，滄州雨雹，大如雞卵。
On the yichou new moon of the twelfth month the sun was eclipsed. On dingchou dust fell like rain over the capital. In the first month of the second year of Jinglong, on bingshen, hailstones as large as hen's eggs struck Cangzhou.
34
二月辛未，幸左金吾大將軍、陳國公陸頌宅。 皇后自言衣箱中裙上有五色雲起，令畫工圖之，以示百僚，乃大赦天下。 癸未夜，天保星墜西南，有聲如雷，野雉皆雊。 乙酉，帝以后服有慶雲之瑞，大赦天下。 內外五品已上母妻各加邑號一等，無妻者聽授女； 天下婦人八十已上，版授鄉、縣、郡等君。
On xinwei of the second month the emperor visited Lu Song, left golden guard grand general and Duke of Chen. The empress claimed five-colored clouds had risen from a skirt in her wardrobe, had the omen painted for the court, and proclaimed a general amnesty. On the night of guiwei the Celestial Treasure star plunged southwest with a thunderous roar, and wild pheasants cried out across the fields. On yiyou, citing felicitous clouds on the empress's robes, the throne again amnestied the realm. Within and without the court, mothers and wives of officials of fifth rank and above gained a noble title; the wifeless might pass the honor to a daughter; and every woman in the realm eighty or older was granted a patent as district, county, or commandery lady.
35
三月丙子，朔方道大總管張仁亶築受降城於河上。
On bingzi of the third month Zhang Renyuan, grand commander of Shuofang, built Accepting Surrender fortress on the Yellow River.
36
夏四月庚午，左散騎常侍、樂壽郡王、駙馬都尉武攸暨讓郡王，改封楚國公。 癸未，修文館增置大學士八員，直學士十二員。 己丑，幸長樂公主莊，即日還宮。
On gengwu of the fourth summer month Wu Youji, left regular attendant, Prince of Leshou, and chief commandant for imperial sons-in-law, surrendered his princedom and was made Duke of Chu. On guiwei eight grand academicians and twelve direct academicians were added to the Cultivation of Letters Hall. On jichou he visited Princess Changle's villa and returned to the palace that day.
37
六月丁亥，改太史局為太史監，罷隸秘書省。
On dinghai of the sixth month the Astrological Service became the Astrological Bureau, no longer subordinate to the Secretariat.
38
秋七月辛卯，臺州地震。 癸巳，左屯衛大將軍、攝右御史臺大夫、朔方道行營大總管、韓國公張仁亶同中書門下三品。 有赤氣竟天，其光燭地，經三日乃止。
In the seventh month, on xinmao, Taizhou suffered an earthquake. On guisi Zhang Renyuan, left encampment grand general, acting right censor-in-chief, and Shuofang commander, Duke of Han, entered the Secretariat as co-equal third grade. Crimson light spanned the heavens and lit the earth for three days before it faded.
39
冬十一月庚申，突厥首領娑葛叛，自立為可汗，遣弟遮弩率眾犯塞。 己卯，以安樂公主出降，假皇后仗出於禁中，以盛其儀，帝及后御安福樓以觀之。 禮畢，大赦天下，賜酺三日。 癸未，安西都護牛師獎與娑葛戰於火燒城，師獎敗績，沒於陣。 是冬，西京吏部置兩侍郎銓試，東都又置兩銓，恣行囑請。 又有斜封授官，預用秋闕。 景龍三年三年春正月丁卯，黃霧四塞。 癸酉，幸薦福寺。 乙亥，宴侍臣及近親於梨園亭。
On gengshen of the eleventh winter month the Turk chief Suoge rebelled, declared himself qaghan, and sent his brother Zhenu to raid the borders. On jimao, for Princess Anle's wedding procession, the empress lent her ceremonial guard from the inner palace to swell the display; emperor and empress watched from Peace and Blessing Tower. When the rites ended the court amnestied the realm and granted three days of public revelry. On guiwei Niu Shiji, protector-general of Anxi, met Suoge at Fire-Burning City, was routed, and died on the field. That winter the western capital's Ministry of Personnel doubled its examining vice directors; the eastern capital added two more, and posts were openly traded for bribes. Slanting-seal appointments also preempted the autumn quota of offices. In the first spring month of the third year of Jinglong, on dingmao, yellow fog choked the horizon. On guiyou he visited Jianfu Temple. On yihai he banqueted close ministers and kin at Pear Garden Pavilion.
40
二月己丑，幸玄武門，與近臣觀宮女大酺，既而左右分曹，共爭勝負。 上又遣宮女為市肆，鬻賣眾物，令宰臣及公卿為商賈，與之交易，因為忿爭，言辭猥褻。 上與后觀之，以為笑樂。 壬寅，侍中、舒國公韋巨源為尚書左僕射，並同中書門下三品。 戊午，兵部尚書、郢國公宗楚客中書令，中書侍郎、酂國公蕭至忠為侍中，太府卿韋嗣立為兵部尚書、同中書門下三品，中書侍郎、檢校吏部侍郎崔湜同中書門下平章事，兵部侍郎趙彥昭為中書侍郎、同中書門下平章事。 庚申，日赤紫色，無光。 戊寅，禮部尚書兼揚州大都督、曹國公韋溫為太子少保兼揚州大都督、同中書門下三品。 太常少卿兼檢校吏部侍郎鄭愔同中書門下平章事。
On jichou of the second month he went to Divine Martial Gate, watched palace women revel with his intimates, then set left and right factions to compete. He had palace women open market stalls, made chief ministers and dukes haggle as merchants, and quarrels broke out in foul, lewd speech. Emperor and empress looked on and laughed. On renyin Wei Juyuan, attendant-in-chief and Duke of Shu, became left director of the Secretariat with third-grade standing. On wuwu Zong Chuke became director of the Secretariat; Xiao Zhi Zhong, attendant-in-chief; Wei Sili, minister of war with third-grade council standing; Cui Shi and Zhao Yanzhao entered as rectifiers of the Secretariat. On gengshen the sun turned reddish purple and dim. On wuyin Wei Wen, minister of rites and governor-general of Yangzhou, Duke of Cao, was made junior tutor of the heir apparent with the same Yangzhou command and council standing. Zheng Yin, vice director of imperial sacrifices and acting vice director of personnel, joined the council as rectifier.
41
夏五月丙戌，崔湜、鄭愔坐贓，湜貶襄州刺史，愔貶江州司馬。
On bingxu of the fifth summer month Cui Shi and Zheng Yin were found corrupt; Shi was sent to Xiangzhou as prefect, Yin to Jiangzhou as adjutant.
42
六月癸丑，太白晝見於東井。 庚子，以經籍多缺，使天下搜括。 壬寅，以旱，避正殿，減膳，親錄囚徒。 癸卯，尚書右僕射楊再思薨。
On guichou of the sixth month Venus shone by day in the Well. On gengzi, with canonical texts widely lost, the throne ordered a empire-wide search. On renyin, for drought, he quit the main hall, ate sparingly, and heard criminal cases in person. On guimao Yang Zaisi, right director of the Secretariat, died.
43
秋七月乙卯朔，鎮軍大將軍、右驍衛將軍、兼知太史事迦業至忠配流柳州。 丙辰，娑葛遣使來降。 辛酉，幸梨園亭，宴侍臣學士。 皇后表請諸婦人不因夫子而加邑號者，許同見任職事官，聽子孫用廕，從之。 壬戌，安福門外設無遮齋，三品已上行香。 癸亥，御承慶殿，錄囚徒。 壬午，遣使冊驍衛大將軍、兼衛尉卿、金河王突騎施守忠為歸化可汗。
On the yimao new moon of the seventh month Xiao Zhi Zhong, garrison general and right valiant cavalry commander, was banished to Liuzhou. On bingchen Suoge sent envoys to submit. On xinyou he banqueted scholar-officials at Pear Garden Pavilion. The empress asked that women without titles from husband or son might, like officeholders, use their sons' yin privilege; the throne agreed. On renxu a boundless Buddhist offering was held outside Peace and Blessing Gate; officials of third rank and above burned incense. On guihai he reviewed prisoners at Chengqing Hall. On renwu envoys invested Turgesh Shouzhong, valiant cavalry grand general and prince of Jinhe, as Qaghan Submitting to Transformation.
44
八月乙酉，特進、行中書令、趙國公李嶠為特進、同中書門下三品，侍中、酂國公蕭至忠為中書令，特進、鄖國公韋安石為侍中。 庚寅，諸州各置司田參軍一員。 吐蕃贊普遣使勃祿星奉進國信、贊普祖娑進物，及上中宮、安國相王、太平公主有差。 壬辰，遣十使巡察天下。 有星孛於紫宮。 令特進佩魚。 散職佩魚，自此始也。 乙未，親送朔方軍總管、韓國公張仁亶於通化門外，上制序賦詩。 乙巳，幸安樂公主山亭，宴侍臣、學士，賜繒帛有差。
On yiyou Li Qiao remained specially advanced with council standing; Xiao Zhi Zhong became director of the Secretariat; Wei Anshi, attendant-in-chief. On gengyin every circuit received one agricultural inspector. The Tibetan king sent Boluoxing with tribute, the late king's bridal goods, and separate gifts for the inner palace, the Prince of An'guo, the Prince of Xiang, and Princess Taiping. On renchen ten inspection envoys were sent through the empire. A comet swept the Purple Palace constellation. Specially advanced officials were granted fish insignia. From this date dispersed-office holders also wore the fish tally. On yiwei he personally escorted Zhang Renyuan, Shuofang commander and Duke of Han, beyond Tonghua Gate and composed preface and verse. On yisi he feasted scholars at Princess Anle's mountain pavilion and gave silks in varying measure.
45
九月壬戌，幸九曲亭子，宴侍臣、學士。 戊辰，吏部尚書、懷縣公蘇瑰為尚書右僕射、同中書門下三品。
On renxu of the ninth month he feasted scholars at Nine-Bend Pavilion. On wuchen Su Gui, minister of personnel and Duke of Huai, became right director of the Secretariat with council standing.
46
冬十月庚寅，幸安樂公主金城新宅，宴侍臣、學士。
On gengyin of the tenth winter month he banqueted scholars at Princess Anle's new Jincheng mansion.
47
十一月乙丑，親祀南郊，皇后登壇亞獻，左僕射舒國公韋巨源為終獻。 大赦天下，見系囚徒及十惡咸赦除之，雜犯流人並放還。 京文武三品已上賜爵一等，四品已下加一階，京官及應襲岳牧入三品五品減考，高年版授。 大酺三日。 壬申，幸見子陵。 甲戌，開府儀同三司、芮國公豆盧欽望薨。 吐蕃贊普遣其大臣尚贊吐來逆女。
On yichou of the eleventh month he sacrificed at the southern suburb; the empress made the second offering; Wei Juyuan, left director and Duke of Shu, the final one. He amnestied the realm, pardoning even those held for the ten capital crimes and returning miscellaneous exiles. Capital officials of third rank and above gained a noble rank, those below a step; heirs to frontier posts had examinations eased; the aged received honorary titles. Three days of public revelry were granted. On renshen he visited the tomb of Ziyu Ling. On jiaxu Dou Lu Qinwang, acting third grade and Duke of Rui, died. The Tibetan king sent minister Shangzan Tu to fetch a bride for the court.
48
十二月壬戌，前尚書右僕射、宋國公唐休璟為太子少師、同中書門下三品。 甲子，上幸新豐之溫湯。 庚子，幸兵部尚書韋嗣立莊，封嗣立為逍遙公，上親制序賦詩，便游白鹿觀。 甲辰，曲賜新豐縣，百姓給復一年，行從官賜勛一轉。 是日幸驪山。 乙巳，至自溫湯。 乙酉，令諸司長官向醴泉坊看潑胡王乞寒戲。 景龍四年四年春正月乙卯，於化度寺門設無遮大齋。 丙寅上元夜，帝與皇后微行觀燈，因幸中書令蕭至忠之第。 是夜，放宮女數千人看燈，因此多有亡逸者。 丁卯夜，又微行看燈。 丁丑，命左驍衛大將軍、河源軍使楊矩為送金城公主入吐蕃使。 己卯，幸始平，送金城公主歸吐蕃。
On renxu of the twelfth month Tang Xiujing, former right director and Duke of Song, became junior tutor with council standing. On jiazi he went to the hot springs at Xinfeng. On gengzi he visited Wei Sili's villa, created him Duke of Carefree Wandering, wrote preface and verse himself, and wandered White Deer Abbey. On jiachen Xinfeng was favored: its people were exempted from corvée for a year and those in the entourage gained one turn of merit. That day he went to Mount Li. On yisi he returned from the springs. On yiyou he ordered every chief minister to Liquan Ward to watch the Pot-Hu King's cold-weather pageant. On yimao of the first spring month of the fourth year of Jinglong a great unbounded offering was held at Huadu Temple's gate. On Lantern Festival night emperor and empress went out incognito to see the lamps and called at Xiao Zhi Zhong's house. That night thousands of palace women were let out to see the lamps, and many used the chance to escape. On the night of dingmao he again stole out to see the lamps. On dingchou Yang Ju, left valiant cavalry grand general and protector of Heyuan, was made envoy escorting Princess Jincheng to Tibet. On jimao he went to Shiping and sent Princess Jincheng on to Tibet.
49
二月壬午，曲赦咸陽、始平，改始平為金城縣。 便幸長安令王光輔馬嵬北原莊。 癸未，至自金城。 庚戌，令中書門下供奉官五品已上、文武三品已上並諸學士等，自芳林門入，集於梨園球場，分朋拔河，帝與皇后、公主親往觀之。
On renwu of the second month Xianyang and Shiping were specially pardoned and Shiping renamed Jincheng County. From there he visited the north-plain villa of Chang'an magistrate Wang Guangfu at Mawei. On guiwei he came back from Jincheng. On gengxu he had fifth-rank Secretariat attendants, third-rank civil and military officers, and all academicians enter Fragrant Grove Gate to the Pear Garden grounds for tug-of-war; emperor, empress, and princesses watched in person.
50
三月甲寅，幸臨渭亭修禊飲，賜群官柳棬以闢惡。 丙辰，游宴桃花園。 庚申，京師雨木冰，井溢。 壬戌，賜宰臣已下內樣巾子。
On jiayin of the third month he held the spring purification at Linwei Pavilion and gave officials willow wreaths against ill luck. On bingchen he feasted at Peach Blossom Garden. On gengshen ice sheathed the trees in the capital and wells brimmed over. On renxu he gave palace-style caps to the chief ministers and those below.
51
夏四月丁亥，上游櫻桃園，引中書門下五品已上諸司長官學士等入芳林園嘗櫻桃，便令馬上口摘，置酒為樂。 乙未，幸隆慶池，結彩為樓，宴侍臣，泛舟戲樂，因幸禮部尚書竇希宅。
On dinghai of the fourth summer month he toured Cherry Orchard, brought fifth-rank Secretariat men, department heads, and scholars into Fragrant Grove to taste cherries from horseback, and made a revel of it. On yiwei he went to Longqing Pond, hung a pavilion in colored silk, banqueted intimates, sported in boats, then called at Dou Xi's house.
52
五月辛酉，秘書監、賜虢王邕改封汴王。 乙丑，皇后請加嗣王三品。 丁卯，前許州司兵參軍燕欽融上書，言皇后干預國政，安樂公主、武延秀、宗楚客等同危宗社。 帝怒，召欽融廷見，撲殺之。 時安樂公主志欲皇后臨朝稱制，而求立為皇太女，自是與后合謀進鴆。
On xinyou of the fifth month Yong, director of the palace library and Prince of Guo, was re-enfeoffed Prince of Bian. On yichou the empress asked that collateral princes be raised to third rank. On dingmao Yan Qinrong, former Xuzhou adjutant, memorialized that the empress meddled in rule and Princess Anle, Wu Yanxiu, and Zong Chuke together threatened the dynasty. The emperor in fury summoned Qinrong and had him beaten to death in the hall. Princess Anle then wanted the empress to rule openly and herself named heir as "Grand Imperial Daughter"; with the empress she plotted poison.
53
六月壬午，帝遇毒，崩於神龍殿，年五十五。 秘不發喪，皇后親總庶政。 癸未，以刑部尚書裴談、工部尚書張錫並同中書門下三品，依舊東都留守。 吏部尚書張喜福、中書侍郎岑羲、吏部侍郎崔湜並同中書門下平章事。 又命左右金吾衛大將軍趙承恩、右監門大將軍薛簡帥兵五百人往均州，備譙王重福。 立溫王重茂為皇太子。 甲申，發喪於太極殿，宣遺制。 皇太后臨朝，大赦天下，改元為唐隆。 見系囚徒常赦所不免者咸赦除之，長流任放歸田里，負犯痕瘕咸從洗滌。 內外官三品已上賜爵一級，四品已下加一階。 以安國相王旦為太子太師。 進封雍王守禮為邠王，壽春郡王成器為宋王，宗正卿晉封新興王。 丁亥，皇太子即帝位於柩前，時年十六。 皇太后韋氏臨朝稱制，大赦天下，常赦所不原者咸赦除之。 內外兵馬諸親掌，仍令韋溫總知。 時召諸府折沖兵五萬人分屯京城，列為左右營，諸韋子侄分統之。 壬辰，遣使諸道巡撫，紀處訥關內道，張嘉福河北道，岑羲河南道。 庚子夜，臨淄王諱舉兵誅諸韋、武，皆梟首於安福門外，韋太后為亂兵所殺。 九月丁卯，百官上謚曰孝和皇帝，廟號中宗。 十一月己酉，葬於定陵。 天寶十三載二月，改謚曰大和大聖大昭孝皇帝。 【史評】史臣曰：廉士可以律貪夫，賢臣不能輔孱主。 誠以志昏近習，心無遠圖，不知創業之難，唯取當年之樂。 孝和皇帝越自負扆，遷於房陵，崎嶇瘴癘之鄉，契闊幽囚之地。 所以張漢陽徘徊於克復，狄梁公哽咽以奏論，遂得生還，庸非己力。 洎滌除金虎，再握璇衡，不能罪己以謝萬方，而更漫游以隳八政。 縱艷妻之煽黨，則棸、楀爭衡； 信妖女以撓權，則彞倫失序。 桓、敬由之覆族，節愍所以興戈，竟以元首之尊，不免齊眉之禍。 比漢、晉之惠、盈輩為優，茍非繼以命世之才，則土德去也。 睿宗睿宗玄真大聖大興孝皇帝，諱旦，高宗第八子，中宗母弟。 龍朔二年六月己未，生於長安。 其年封殷王，遙領冀州大都督、單于大都護、右金吾衛大將軍。 及長，謙恭孝友，好學，工草隸，尤愛文字訓詁之書。 乾封元年，徙封豫王。 總章二年，徙封冀王。 上初名旭輪，至是去「旭」字。 上元二年，徙封相王，拜右衛大將軍。 儀鳳三年，遷洛牧； 改名旦，徙封豫王。 嗣聖元年，則天臨朝，廢中宗為廬陵王，立豫王為皇帝，仍臨朝稱制。 及革命，改國號為周，降帝為皇嗣，令依舊名輪，徙居東宮，其具儀一比皇太子。 聖歷元年，中宗自房陵還。 帝數稱疾不朝，請讓位於中宗。 則天遂立中宗為皇太子，封帝為相王，又改名旦，授太子右衛率。 長安中，拜司徒、右羽林衛大將軍。 自則天初臨朝及革命之際，王室屢有變故，帝每恭儉退讓，竟免於禍。 神龍元年，以誅張易之昆弟功，進號安國相王，遷太尉，加實封。 其年立為皇太弟，固辭不受。 景雲元年景龍四年夏六月，中宗崩，韋庶人臨朝，引用其黨，分握政柄，忌帝望實素高，潛謀危害。 庚子夜，臨淄王諱與太平公主子薛崇簡、前朝邑尉劉幽求、長上果毅麻嗣宗、苑總監鐘紹京等率兵入北軍，誅韋溫、紀處訥、宗楚客、武延秀、馬秦客、葉靜能、趙履溫、楊均等，諸韋、武黨與皆誅之。 辛丑，帝挾少帝御安福門樓慰諭百姓，大赦天下，見系囚徒常赦所不免者咸赦除之。 內外文武官三品已上賜爵一級，四品已下加一階，親皇三等已上加兩階，四等已下及諸親賜勛三轉，天下百姓免今年田租之半。 進封臨淄王為平王，以薛崇簡為立節郡王。 鐘紹京為中書侍郎，劉幽求為中書舍人，並參知機務，加實封。 其餘封賞有差。 遣使分行諸道宣諭，仍令往均州慰勞譙王。 壬寅，左千牛中郎將、宋王成器為左衛大將軍，司農少卿同正員、衡陽王成義為右衛大將軍，太府少卿同正員、巴陵王隆範為左羽林衛大將軍，太僕少卿同正員、彭城王隆業為右羽林衛大將軍。 黃門侍郎李日知同中書門下三品。 癸卯，殿中兼知內外閑廄、檢校龍武右軍、仍押左右廂萬騎平王諱同中書門下三品。 中書侍郎、潁川郡公鐘紹京為中書令。 中書令、酂國公蕭至忠為許州刺史，兵部尚書、逍遙公韋嗣立為宋州刺史，中書侍郎趙彥昭為絳州刺史，蕭、韋、趙特置位。 誅吏部尚書張嘉福於懷州。 其日，王公百僚上表，咸以國家多難，宜立長君，以帝眾望所歸，請即尊位。
On renwu of the sixth month the emperor took poison and died in the Divine Dragon Hall, aged fifty-five. The death was concealed while the empress seized every lever of government. On guiwei Pei Tan, minister of punishments, and Zhang Xi, minister of works, entered the council as third grade, still stationed at the eastern capital. Zhang Xifu, Cen Yi, and Cui Shi joined the council as rectifiers. He sent Zhao Chengen and Xue Jian with five hundred guards to Junzhou against Prince of Qiao Chongfu. Prince of Wen Chongmao was made crown prince. On jiashen mourning was opened in the Hall of Supreme Ultimate and the testament read aloud. The empress dowager ruled from court, amnestied the realm, and renamed the era Tanglong. Even prisoners regular amnesties never touched were freed; long exiles could go home; criminal marks were erased. Officials of third rank and above gained a noble rank, those of fourth rank and below a step. Li Dan, Prince of An'guo, was made grand tutor of the heir apparent. Shouli became Prince of Bin; Chengi, Prince of Song; Jin, director of the imperial clan, Prince of Xing. On dinghai the crown prince took the throne before the coffin, aged sixteen. Empress Wei ruled in her own name, amnestied the realm, and pardoned even those whom ordinary amnesties excluded. Wei Wen kept overall command of armies within and without and among the imperial kin. Fifty thousand frontier troops were called in and split into left and right camps around the capital, each camp under a Wei nephew or son-in-law. On renchen inspection envoys were sent: Ji Chuna to Guannei, Zhang Jiafu to Hebei, Cen Yi to Henan. On the night of gengzi Li Longji, Prince of Linzi, rose and slaughtered the Wei and Wu factions; their heads hung outside Peace and Blessing Gate, and Empress Wei died at the soldiers' hands. In the ninth month, on dingmao, the court gave the posthumous title Emperor Xiaohé and temple name Zhongzong. On jiyou of the eleventh month he was buried at Ding Mausoleum. In the second month of Tianbao 13 his posthumous title was raised to Emperor Dahe Dasheng Dazhao Xiaohé. 【Historian's appraisal】 The historian says: Law in the hands of the upright can bind the greedy, but no worthy minister can shore up a weak throne. When the will is dulled by favorites and the heart has no distant design, the hardship of founding is forgotten and only the day's pleasures are seized. Emperor Xiaohé, from the throne to exile at Fangling, knew rugged miasma country and the bitterness of close imprisonment— Zhang Hanyang then wavered at restoration, Di Renjie pleaded through tears, and the emperor lived to return—hardly by his own power alone. When the Wu usurpation ended and he again held the jade scepter, he would not confess fault to the realm but roamed on, wrecking the eight great duties of rule. He let a wanton consort fan her faction until Zhu and Yu wrestled for the scale; he trusted a witch-woman to bend the law until human order itself broke. Huan and Jing fell to it; Jiemin took up arms—yet though he wore the crown he could not escape death at his consort's hands. Beside the Hui and Ying of Han and Jin he shines, yet without a world-ordering heir the Mandate of earth would have slipped away. Ruizong, the Mysterious True Great Sage Great Prosperous Filial Emperor, taboo name Dan, was Gaozong's eighth son and Zhongzong's younger brother by the same mother. In the sixth month of the second year of Longshuo, on jiwei, he was born in Chang'an. That year he was made Prince of Yin, titular governor-general of Ji and qaghan of the Shanyu, and right golden guard grand general. As he grew he was modest, filial, and fond of learning, skilled in cursive script and especially devoted to philology. In the first year of Qianfeng he was transferred to Prince of Yu. In the second year of Zongzhang he was made Prince of Ji. He had first been named Xulun; now the character Xu was dropped. In the second year of Shangyuan he became Prince of Xiang and right guard grand general. In the third year of Yifeng he was made governor of Luo; renamed Dan, and transferred to Prince of Yu. In the first year of Sisheng Wu Zetian ruled from court, deposed Zhongzong to Prince of Luling, and set Yu Wang on the throne while she still held power. When she declared Zhou, the emperor became imperial heir, took back the name Lun, moved to the eastern palace, and was treated as crown prince. In the first year of Shenglí Zhongzong returned from Fangling. Li Dan repeatedly pleaded illness, stayed from court, and asked to yield to Zhongzong. Wu Zetian made Zhongzong crown prince, created Li Dan Prince of Xiang, renamed him Dan, and made him right commander of the crown prince's guard. In the Chang'an years he became grand tutor and right Yulin grand general. Through Wu Zetian's rise and the Zhou revolution the house of Li shook again and again; each time Li Dan bowed, yielded, and in the end survived. In the first year of Shenlong, for killing Zhang Yizhi and his brothers, he was advanced to Prince of An'guo, made grand marshal, and given added fief. That year he was offered the title imperial younger brother and firmly refused. In the sixth month of Jinglong 4, in the first year of Jingyun, Zhongzong died; Empress Wei ruled, packed office with her kin, and, fearing Li Dan's standing, plotted against him in secret. On the night of gengzi Li Longji, with Xue Chongjian, Liu Youqiu, Ma Sizong, Zhong Shaojing, and others, stormed the Northern Army, killed Wei Wen, Ji Chuna, Zong Chuke, Wu Yanxiu, and the rest, and wiped out the Wei and Wu factions. On xinchou Li Dan, supporting the boy on the throne, mounted Peace and Blessing Gate to calm the people and amnestied even those whom ordinary amnesties excluded. Third-rank officials and above gained a noble rank, those below a step; close kin of third rank and above two steps; other kin three turns of merit; the year's land tax was halved for the people. Li Longji became Prince of Ping; Xue Chongjian was made Prince of Lijie. Zhong Shaojing became vice director of the Secretariat; Liu Youqiu, drafting officer; both entered the inner council and gained added fief. Others were enfeoffed and rewarded in varying measure. Envoys carried the proclamation on every road and were still sent to Junzhou to comfort Prince of Qiao. On renyin Chengi became left guard grand general; Chengyi, right guard; Longfan, left Yulin; Longye, right Yulin. Li Rizhi, vice director of the Yellow Gate, entered the council as third grade. On guimao Li Longji, Prince of Ping, with stud, dragon martial, and Ten Thousand Horse commands, joined the council as third grade. Zhong Shaojing, vice director and Duke of Yingchuan, became director of the Secretariat. Xiao Zhi Zhong was sent to Xuzhou, Wei Sili to Songzhou, Zhao Yanzhao to Jiangzhou—posts made for them alone. Zhang Jiafu, minister of personnel, was executed at Huaizhou. That day the nobles and officials memorialized: the realm was in peril and needed a seasoned ruler; all eyes were on Li Dan, and they begged him to mount the throne at once.
54
甲辰，少帝詔曰：「自古帝王，必有符命，兄弟相及，存諸典禮。 朕以孤藐，遭家艱難，顧茲蒙識，未洽治途。 茫茫四海，將何所屬，累聖丕基，若墜於地。 王室多難，義擇長君，思與群公，推崇明聖。 叔父相王，高宗之子，昔以天下，讓於先帝，孝友寬簡，彰信兆人。 神龍之初，己有明旨，將立太弟，以為副君。 為王懇辭，未行冊命，所以東宮虛位，至於歷年。 徹綴在辰，禍變倉卒，後掖稱制，計立沖人。 欽奉前懷，願遵理命。 上申天聖之旨，下遂蒼生之心； 俯稽圖緯之文，仰跂祖宗之烈。 擇今日，請叔父相王即皇帝位。 朕退守本籓，歸於舊邸。 凡百卿士，敬承朕言，克贊我天人之休期，光我有唐之勛業。 布告遐邇，咸使聞知。」 相王上表，讓曰：「臣以宗社事重，家國情深，誅鋤巨逆，奉戴嗣主。 今承制旨，猥推宸極。 在臣虛薄，不敢祗膺。 循環震驚，無任感哽！」 制答曰：「皇極大寶，天下至公，王者臨之，蓋非獲已。 王先聖舊意，蒼生推仰，龍光紫宸，貴允系望。 請遵前旨，勿或推讓。」 於是少帝遜於別宮。 是日即皇帝位，御承天門樓，大赦天下，常赦所不免並原之。 內外官四品已上加一階，相王府官吏加兩階。 流人長流、長任未還者並放還。 立功人王承曄已下千餘人，賜爵秩有差。 封少帝為溫王。 其日，景雲見。 乙巳，中書令鐘紹京為戶部尚書、越國公，實封五百戶； 中書舍人劉幽求為尚書左丞、徐國公，實封五百戶：並依前知政事。 左衛大將軍、宋王成器為太子太師、雍州牧、揚州大都督，加實封二百戶。 宮人比來取百姓子女入宮者，放還其家。 丙午，新除太常少卿薛稷為黃門侍郎，參知機務。 丁未，許州刺史、梁縣侯姚元之為兵部尚書、同中書門下三品，兵部尚書韋嗣立為中書令。 追削武三思、武崇訓官爵。 戊申，蕭至忠、韋嗣立、趙彥昭、崔湜並停刺史。 衡陽王成義封申王，巴陵王降範封岐王，彭城王隆業封薛王。 己酉，鎮國太平公主加實封五百戶，通前一萬戶。
On jiachen the boy emperor's edict ran: "Since antiquity rulers have borne a mandate; brother succeeding brother stands in the rites. I am young and small and have met a house in grief; set on this seat I do not yet know how to govern. The four seas are vast—whom shall they obey? The piled blessing of many sages seems ready to fall. The house of Li is in peril; righteousness demands the elder. I wish with you, lords, to raise a bright sage. My uncle the Prince of Xiang, Gaozong's son, once yielded the realm to my father; filial, gentle, and trusted by the people. At Shenlong's beginning a clear decree already named him imperial younger brother and deputy ruler. He firmly declined and the seal was never given, so the eastern palace stood empty for years. The robe was torn in the hour of chen; disaster struck in haste; the rear palace ruled and meant to set a child on the throne. Holding to the former wish, I mean to follow reason's command. Above to declare Heaven's will and the sages' intent; below to settle the people's hearts; I bow to the charts and apocrypha and look up to the glory of the ancestors. On this day I ask my uncle the Prince of Xiang to take the throne. I withdraw to my fief and return to my old residence. All you ministers, heed my words, help fulfill this season of heaven and man, and brighten the achievement of Tang. Let this be proclaimed far and near. Li Dan memorialized his refusal: "The altars weigh heavy on my heart; I slew great rebels and upheld the successor. Now I receive the command and am rashly pushed to the pinnacle. I am empty and shallow and dare not accept with reverence. Turning in shock and trembling, I cannot bear the grief! The reply edict said: "The great treasure of the pole is the utmost public good under heaven; a king takes it mostly not by his own wish. You, prince, hold the former sage's intent; the people look up to you; let dragon light at the purple court fulfill what all await. Follow the former command and do not decline again. Thereupon the boy emperor withdrew to a separate palace. That same day he took the throne, appeared on Chengtian Gate tower, and proclaimed a general amnesty; even crimes ordinary amnesties would not touch were forgiven. Civil and military officers of fourth rank and above were promoted one step; staff of the Prince of Xiang’s household, two. Those still abroad on lifelong exile or lifelong penal service were all sent home. Over a thousand merit-holders from Wang Chengye down received enfeoffments and offices according to their deeds. The deposed emperor was made Prince of Wen. That day the sky showed auspicious clouds. On yisi Zhong Shaojing, Grand Counselor, became Minister of Revenue and Duke of Yue with five hundred household fiefs; Palace Draftsman Liu Youqiu became Left Assistant Director and Duke of Xu with five hundred households: both men kept their roles in governance. Chengqi, Prince of Song and General of the Left Guards, was named Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent, Yongzhou governor, and Yangzhou commander, with two hundred added fief households. Commoners’ children recently seized for the palace were returned home. On bingwu Xue Ji, fresh from Vice Minister of Rites, entered the Yellow Gate and the inner council. On dingwei Yao Yuanzhi of Xu became Minister of War and third-rank counselor; Wei Sili moved from that ministry to Grand Counselor. Wu Sansi and Wu Chongxun were posthumously disgraced and their ranks revoked. On wushen Xiao Zhizhong, Wei Sili, Zhao Yanzhao, and Cui Shi left their governorships. Chengyi became Prince of Shen, Jiangfan Prince of Qi, and Longye Prince of Xue. On jiyou Princess Taiping of Zhenguo gained five hundred more fief households, ten thousand in total.
55
秋七月癸丑，兵部侍郎兼知雍州長史崔日用為黃門侍郎，參知機務。 丙辰，則天大聖皇后依舊號為天后。 追謚雍王賢為章懷太子，庶人重俊曰節愍太子。 復敬暉、桓彥範、崔玄暐、張柬之、袁恕己、成王千里、李多祚等官爵。 丁巳，河南、洛陽、華州並依舊名。 以洛州長史宋璟為檢校吏部尚書、同中書門下三品，中書侍郎岑羲為右散騎常侍。 壬戌，以蕭至忠為晉州刺史，韋嗣立為許州刺史，趙彥昭為宋州刺史，兵部尚書姚元之兼太子右庶子，吏部尚書宋璟兼太子左庶子。 癸亥，吏部侍郎崔湜為尚書右丞，罷知政事。 甲子，右僕射許國公蘇瑰、兵部尚書姚元之、吏部尚書宋璟、右常侍判刑部尚書岑羲並充使冊定陵。 丙寅，姚元之兼中書令。 丁卯，蘇瑰為尚書左僕射，仍舊同中書同下三品。 宋國公唐休璟致仕。 右武衛大將軍、攝右御史大夫、同中書門下三品、韓國公張仁亶右衛大將軍。 戊辰，崔日用為雍州長史，薛稷為右散騎常侍，並停知機務。 特進、同中書門下三品、趙國公李嶠為懷州刺史。 廢司田參軍。 己巳，冊平王為皇太子。 大赦天下，改元為景雲。 內外官九品已上及子為父後者各加勛一轉，自神龍以來直諫枉遭非命者咸令式墓，天下州縣名目天授以來改為「武」字者並令復舊。 廢武氏崇恩廟，其昊陵、順陵並去陵名。
On guichou in the seventh month Cui Riyong, Vice Minister of War and acting Yongzhou chief, entered the Yellow Gate and the inner council. On bingchen Wu Zetian was again styled Empress. The deposed Prince of Yong Xian was posthumously named Crown Prince Zhanghuai; Chongjun, Crown Prince Jiemin. Jing Hui, Huan Yanfan, Cui Xuanwei, Zhang Jianzhi, Yuan Shuoji, Prince of Cheng Qianli, Li Duozuo, and the rest had rank and title restored. On dingsi Henan, Luoyang, and Hua prefectures took back their old names. Song Jing of Luozhou became acting Personnel minister and third-rank counselor; Cen Xi, Right Regular Attendant. On renxu Xiao Zhizhong went to Jinzhou, Wei Sili to Xuzhou, Zhao Yanzhao to Songzhou; Yao Yuanzhi doubled as Right Heir Apparent subprefect and Song Jing as Left. On guihai Cui Shi became Right Assistant Director and left the inner council. On jiazi Su Gui, Yao Yuanzhi, Song Jing, and Cen Xi (acting Justice minister) were sent to set the posthumous style for Dingling. On bingyin Yao Yuanzhi added the Grand Counselor title. On dingmao Su Gui became Left Vice Director while keeping third-rank Grand Counselor status. Tang Xiujing, Duke of Song, left office. Zhang Renbian, Duke of Han, moved from Right Martial Guards and acting Right Censor-in-Chief to General of the Right Guards. On wuchen Cui Riyong took Yongzhou and Xue Ji the Right Regular Attendant post; both left the inner council. Li Jiao, Duke of Zhao, went out to govern Huai prefecture. The Field-plot Assessor post was abolished. On jisi the Prince of Ping was made heir apparent. The realm was amnestied and the reign title became Jingyun. Officials of ninth rank and up, and sons inheriting fathers’ posts, gained one merit notch; wronged remonstrators since Shenlong received tomb tablets; counties renamed with Wu since Tianshou reverted to old names. The Wu clan’s Chongen Temple was shut; Haoling and Shunling dropped the tomb suffix.
56
景雲元年七月己巳，制自今授左右僕射、侍中、中書令、六尚書已上官聽讓，其餘停讓。 追廢皇后韋氏為庶人，安樂公主為悖逆庶人。 丁丑，改太史監為太史局，隸秘書省。
A seventh-month statute allowed new appointees from vice director up to refuse office; lower ranks could not. Empress Wei was posthumously demoted to commoner; Princess Anle to “rebellious commoner.” On dingchou the Astrological Directorate became a bureau under the Secretariat.
57
八月癸巳，新除集州刺史、譙王重福潛入東都構逆，州縣討平之。 先是，中宗時官爵渝濫，因依妃、主墨敕而授官者，謂之斜封，至是並令罷免。 癸卯，改門下坊為左春坊，典書坊為右春坊，左右羽林衛依舊為左右羽林軍。
On guisi Prince of Qiao Chongfu, fresh Qiaozhou governor, slipped into Luoyang to rebel and was crushed by local forces. Under Zhongzong offices had been sold through consorts’ and princesses’ private edicts—“slant-seal” appointments—and now all were cashiered. On guimao the eastern palaces were reorganized and the Feathered Forest guards again became armies.
58
九月庚戌，封皇太子男嗣貞為許昌郡王，嗣謙為真定郡王。
On gengxu the heir’s sons Sizhen and Siqian became princes of Xuchang and Zhending.
59
冬十月甲申，詔孝敬皇帝神主先祔太廟，有違古義，於東都別立義宗廟。 丁未，姚元之為中書令，兼檢校兵部尚書。
On jiashen an edict ruled that Zhongzong’s tablet in the Grand Temple broke ancient usage; Luoyang would have a separate Yizong shrine. On dingwei Yao Yuanzhi became Grand Counselor and acting War minister.
60
十一月己酉，葬孝和皇帝於定陵。 辛亥，太子太師、宋王成器為尚書左僕射。 蘇瑰為太子少傅，侍中、鄖國公韋安石為太子少保，改封郇國公，並罷知政事。 戊辰，宋王成器為司徒，兼領揚州大都督。 庚午，太子少傅蘇瑰薨。
In the eleventh month Zhongzong was buried at Dingling. On xinhai Chengqi, Prince of Song, became Left Vice Director. Su Gui tutored the heir; Wei Anshi, Duke of Yun, became Junior Protector as Duke of Xun—both left the inner council. On wuchen Chengqi became Minister of Works while still commanding Yangzhou. On gengwu Su Gui died.
61
是歲，韋庶人、悖逆庶人並以禮改葬，武三思父子剖棺戮尸。 景雲二年二年春正月丁未朔，以山陵日近，不受朝賀。 癸丑，改泉州為閩州，置都督府，改武榮州為泉州。 突厥默啜遣使請和親，許之。 己未，太僕卿郭元振、中書侍郎張說並同中書門下平章事。 甲子，改封溫王重茂為襄王，遷於集州。 乙丑，追尊皇后劉氏為肅明皇后，墓曰惠陵； 德妃竇氏為昭成皇后，墓曰靖陵。
That year Empress Wei and Princess Anle were reburied properly; Wu Sansi and his son were dug up and mutilated. Early in Jingyun 2, on the dingwei new moon, mourning for the tomb kept the court from accepting New Year homage. On guichou Quan became Min with a governor-general; Wurong reverted to Quan. Mo-ch’o of the Turks asked for a marriage pact and was accepted. On jiwei Guo Yuanzhen and Zhang Shuo joined the third-rank council as “equals.” On jiazi Chongmao, Prince of Wen, became Prince of Xiang and was sent to Jizhou. On yichou Empress Liu was posthumously named Suming, tomb Huiling; Consort Dou as Empress Zhaocheng, buried at Jingling.
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二月丁丑，令皇太子監國。 甲辰，姚元之左授申州刺史，宋璟左授楚州刺史。 韋安石為侍中。 丙戌，劉幽求為戶部尚書，罷知政事。 戊子，詔中宗時斜封官並許依舊。 庚申，復置太子左右諭德、太子左右贊善，各置兩員。 戊戌，郭元振為兵部尚書，仍依舊同中書門下平章事。 己未，改修文館為昭文館。 黃門侍郎李日知為左臺御史大夫，依舊同中書門下三品。
In the second month the heir was told to supervise government. On jiachen Yao Yuanzhi and Song Jing were sent out to Shen and Chu. Wei Anshi became Attendant-in-Chief. On bingxu Liu Youqiu took Revenue and left the inner council. On wuzi slant-seal appointees from Zhongzong’s reign were allowed to remain. On gengshen the heir’s mentor and supporter posts were restored, two each side. On wuxu Guo Yuanzhen became War minister while keeping his equal council seat. On jiwei the Cultivated Texts Hall became the Broad Texts Hall. Li Rizhi moved to Left Censor-in-Chief while keeping third-rank council rank.
63
夏四月庚辰，張說為兵部侍郎，依舊同中書門下平章事。 癸未，分瀛州置鄭州。 詔以釋典玄宗，理均跡異，拯人化俗，教別功齊。 自今每緣法事集會，僧尼、道士、女冠等宜齊行道集。 甲申，韋安石為中書令； 宋王成器為太子賓客，仍依舊遙領揚州大都督。 丙申，李日知為侍中。 壬寅，大赦天下，重福徒黨放雪。 京官四品已下加一階，外官賜勛一轉，三品已上各賜爵一級。 天下濫度僧尼、道士、女冠並依舊。 又令內外官依上元元年九品已上文武官，咸帶手巾算袋，武官咸帶七事䩞鞢並足。 其腰帶一品至五品並用金，六品七品並用銀，八品九品並用鍮石。 魚袋著紫者金裝，著緋者銀裝。 景龍三年已前逋懸並放免。 天下大酺五日。
In the fourth month Zhang Shuo became Vice Minister of War and kept his equal council seat. On guimao Ying was split to create Zheng. An edict held that Buddhist teaching and Daoist practice alike save the people—different paths, one aim. Henceforth at state rituals clergy of all three traditions would march together. On jiashen Wei Anshi became Grand Counselor; Chengqi, Prince of Song, became the heir’s guest while still titular Yangzhou commander. On bingshen Li Rizhi became Attendant-in-Chief. On renyin the realm was amnestied and Chongfu’s followers cleared. Capital officers to fourth rank rose one step; field officers one merit notch; third rank and up gained a noble grade. Excess ordinations of clergy nationwide were regularized. Civil and military officers of ninth rank and up again wore hand-towels and pouches; soldiers carried full saber-kit and boots. First- to fifth-rank belts were gold; sixth and seventh silver; eighth and ninth white bronze. Purple robes bore gold fish-pouches; scarlet, silver. Tax arrears before Jinglong 3 were forgiven. Five days of public feasting were proclaimed.
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五月庚戌，復武氏昊陵、順陵，仍量置官屬，太平公主為武攸暨請也。 庚申，韋安石加開府儀同三司。 辛丑，改西城公主為金仙公主，昌隆公主為玉真公主，仍置金仙、玉真兩觀。 壬戌，殿中監竇懷貞為左臺御史大夫、同中書門下平章事。
On gengxu the Wu tombs were restored with staff, at Taiping’s plea for Wu Youji. On gengshen Wei Anshi received the “Opening the Mansion” honor. On xinchou two princesses were renamed and given the Jinxian and Yuzhen abbeys. On renxu Dou Huai’zhen joined the council as Left Censor-in-Chief.
65
六月壬午，依漢代故事，分置二十四都督府。
In the sixth month twenty-four area commands were set up on the Han model.
66
閏六月，初置十道按察使。
The intercalary month saw the first ten-circuit investigating commissioners.
67
秋七月，新置都督府並停。 唯雍洛州長史、揚益荊並四大都督府長史階為三品。
That autumn the new area commands were abolished. Only chiefs of the two capitals and four great commands kept third-rank standing.
68
八月乙卯，詔以興聖寺是高祖舊宅，有柿樹，天授中枯死，至是重生，大赦天下。 其謀殺、劫殺、造偽頭首並免死配流嶺南，官典受贓者特從放免。 天下大酺三日。 丁巳，皇太子釋奠於太學。 己巳，韋安石為尚書右僕射、同中書門下三品兼太子賓客，禮部尚書竇希玠為太子少傅。 庚午，改左右屯衛為左右威衛，左右宗衛率府為左右司御府，渾儀監為太史監。
On yimao a dead persimmon at Gaozu’s old monastery sprouted anew; the court amnestied the realm. Capital crimes short of the gravest were commuted to Lingnan; bribe-taking clerks were also freed. Three days of public feasting followed. On dingsi the heir offered at the National University. On jisi Wei Anshi became Right Vice Director and heir’s guest; Dou Xijie tutored the heir. On gengwu guard units were renamed and the armillary office became the Astrological Directorate again.
69
九月丁卯，竇懷貞為侍中。
In the ninth month Dou Huai’zhen became Attendant-in-Chief.
70
冬十月甲辰，吏部尚書劉幽求為侍中，散騎常侍魏知古同中書門下三品，太子詹事崔湜為中書侍郎、同中書門下三品，中書侍郎陸象先同中書門下平章事。 韋安石為尚書左僕射、東都留守，侍中李日知為戶部尚書，兵部尚書郭元振為吏部尚書，侍中兼檢校左臺御史大夫竇懷貞為左臺御史大夫，兵部侍郎兼左庶子張說為尚書左丞：罷知政事。
On jiachen Liu Youqiu became Attendant-in-Chief; Wei Zhigu joined the council; Cui Shi and Lu Xiangxian entered high office. A sweeping reshuffle sent Wei Anshi to the eastern capital, rotated ministers, and cleared the inner council.
71
十一月戊寅，改太史監為太史局，依舊隸秘書省。 改王師為傅。 先天元年三年春正月辛未朔，親謁太廟。 癸酉，上始釋慘服，御正殿受朝賀。 甲戌，並、汾、絳三州地震，壞人廬舍。 辛巳，南郊。 戊子，躬耕籍田。 己丑，大赦天下，改元為太極。 內外官四品已下加一階，三品已上加爵一級。 孔宣父祠廟，本州取側近三十戶以供灑掃。 天下大酺五日，特賜老人九十已上緋衫牙笏，八十已上綠衫木笏。 乙未，戶部尚書岑羲、左臺御史大夫竇懷貞並同中書門下三品。
In the eleventh month the Astrological Directorate again became a Secretariat bureau. The Royal Tutor post was renamed Grand Tutor. Early in Xiantian 1, on the xinwei new moon, he worshipped at the Grand Temple. On guiyou he ended deep mourning, took the main throne, and accepted New Year homage. On jiaxu earthquakes wrecked homes in Bing, Fen, and Jiang. On xinsi he sacrificed at the southern suburb. On wuzi he plowed the sacred field himself. On jichou the realm was amnestied and the reign title became Taiji. Officers to fourth rank rose one step; third rank and up gained a noble grade. Confucius’ temple was given thirty local households for upkeep. Five days of feasting were proclaimed; men over ninety got scarlet and ivory tablets, over eighty green and wood. On yiwei Cen Xi and Dou Huai’zhen joined the third-rank council.
72
二月丁酉，秘書增少監一員，光祿、大理、鴻臚、太府、衛尉、宗正各增置少卿一員，少府監、將作監增置少監一員，國子監增置司業一員，左右臺各增置中丞一員。 雍洛二州、並益荊揚四大都督府各增置司馬一員，仍分為左右司馬。 丁亥，皇太子釋奠於國學。 追贈顏回為太子太師，曾參為太子太保。 每年春秋釋奠，以四科弟子、曾參從祀，列於二十二賢之上。 辛酉，廢右御史臺官員。 己巳，頒新格式於天下。
On dingyou a wave of vice posts was added across the secretariat, ministries, censorate, and schools. Yong, Luo, and the four great commands of Bing, Yi, Jing, and Yang each gained left and right chief administrators. On dinghai the heir offered at the National University. Yan Hui and Zeng Shen were posthumously honored as the heir’s grand tutor and protector. At spring and autumn rites Zeng Shen and the four disciple categories stood above the twenty-two sages. On xinyou the Right Censorate was abolished. On jisi new law codes went out to the empire.
73
夏四月辛丑，制曰：
In the fourth month, on xinchou, an edict ran:
74
五月戊寅，親祀北郊。 辛未，大赦天下，改元為延和。 桓彥範、敬暉、崔玄暐、張柬之、袁恕己等，特還其子孫實封二百戶。 天下大酺五日。
On wuyin of the fifth month he worshipped at the northern suburb. On xinwei the realm was amnestied and the reign title became Yanhe. The sons and grandsons of Huan Yanfan, Jing Hui, Cui Xuanwei, Zhang Jianzhi, Yuan Shuoji, and their fellows regained two-hundred-household fiefs. Five days of public feasting were proclaimed.
75
六月癸丑，戶部尚書岑羲為侍中。 乙卯，追奠則天皇后曰天后聖帝。 庚申，幽州都督孫儉率左驍衛將軍李楷洛、左威衛將軍周以悌等，將兵三萬，與奚首領李大輔戰於硎山，為賊所敗，儉沒於陣。 壬戌，魏知古為戶部尚書，仍依舊同中書門下三品。
On guichou Cen Xi became Attendant-in-Chief. On yimao Wu Zetian was posthumously styled Empress of the Sage Emperor. On gengshen Sun Jian of Youzhou fell at Mount Xing fighting Li Dafu of the Xi with thirty thousand men. On renxu Wei Zhigu took Revenue while keeping his council seat.
76
秋七月庚午，竇懷貞為尚書右僕射，平章軍國重事。 己卯，上觀樂於安福門，以燭繼晝，經日乃止。
In the seventh month Dou Huai’zhen became Right Vice Director with charge of state affairs. On jimao he watched music at Anfu Gate by candlelight from dawn to dusk.
77
八月庚子，帝傳位於皇太子，自稱太上皇帝，五日一度受朝於太極殿，自稱曰朕，三品已上除授及大刑獄，並自決之，其處分事稱誥、令。 皇帝每日受朝於武德殿，自稱曰予，三品已下除授及徒罪並令決之，其處分事稱制、敕。 甲辰，大赦天下，改元為先天。 八月戊申，皇帝子許昌王嗣直改封郯王，真定王嗣謙為郢王。 己酉，以宋王成器為司空，依舊遙領揚州大都督。 庚戌，竇懷貞為尚書左僕射、同中書門下三品，仍兼御史大夫； 劉幽求為尚書右僕射，依舊同中書門下三品； 魏知古為侍中； 崔湜為中書令； 並監修國史。 丁巳，立皇帝妃王氏為皇后。 癸亥，劉幽求配流封州。
On gengzi he abdicated to the heir, took the title Retired Emperor, and every five days held court at Taiji as zhen, reserving third-rank appointments and capital crimes under gao and ling. The new emperor held daily court at Wude as yu, deciding lower ranks and lesser punishments by zhi and chi. On jiachen the realm was amnestied and the reign title became Xiantian. On wushen Sizhi became Prince of Tan and Siqian Prince of Ying. On jiyou Chengqi became Minister of Works while still titular Yangzhou commander. On gengxu Dou Huai’zhen became Left Vice Director and chief censor; Liu Youqiu became Right Vice Director with council rank; Wei Zhigu became Attendant-in-Chief; Cui Shi became Grand Counselor; all four oversaw the national history. On dingsi Lady Wang became empress. On guihai Liu Youqiu was exiled to Feng.
78
九月丁卯朔，日有蝕之。 甲申，封皇帝子嗣升為陜王。
The ninth month’s dingmao new moon brought a solar eclipse. On jiashen Sisheng became Prince of Shan.
79
冬十月庚子，皇帝親謁太廟，禮畢，御延喜門，大赦天下。 壬寅，祔昭成皇后、肅明皇后神主於儀坤廟。 癸卯，皇帝幸新豐之溫湯，校獵於渭川。
On gengzi he worshipped at the Grand Temple, then from Yanxi Gate amnestied the realm. On renyin the tablets of Empresses Zhaocheng and Suming entered Yikun Temple. On guimao he bathed at Xinfeng and hunted the Wei.
80
十二月丁未，誥禁人屠殺犬雞。 戊午，改箕州為儀州。 先天二年二年春正月，敕河北諸州團結兵馬，皆令本州刺史押掌。 乙亥，吏部尚書兼太子右諭德、酂國公蕭至忠為中書令。 上元日夜，上皇御安福門觀燈，出內人連袂踏歌，縱百僚觀之，一夜方罷。
In the twelfth month a gao banned slaughter of dogs and chickens. On wuwu Ji became Yi. Early in Xiantian 2 an edict put Hebei militia under their prefects’ command. On yihai Xiao Zhizhong, Duke of Zan, became Grand Counselor. On Lantern Night the retired emperor watched lamps at Anfu Gate while palace women danced in the streets before the court until dawn.
81
二月丙申，改隆州為閬州，始州為劍州。 分冀州置深州。 初，有僧婆陀請夜開門然燈百千炬，三日三夜。 皇帝御延喜門觀燈縱樂，凡三日夜。 左拾遺嚴挺之上疏諫之，乃止。
On bingshen Long became Lang and Shi became Jian. Ji was split to create Shen. Earlier the monk Boduo had asked for three nights of open gates and a thousand lamps. The emperor watched lamps at Yanxi Gate and feasted three full nights. Left Reminder Yan Tingzhi remonstrated and the revels ended.
82
三月辛卯，皇后祀先蠶。 癸巳，制敕表狀、書奏、箋牒年月等數，作一十、三十、四十字。
On xinmao the empress offered to the Silkworm Ancestor. On guisi document headings were standardized to ten-, thirty-, and forty-character lines.
83
夏六月丙辰，兵部尚書、朔方道行軍大總管郭元振加同中書門下三品。
In the sixth month Guo Yuanzhen of Shuofang gained a third-rank council seat.
84
秋七月甲子，太平公主與僕射竇懷貞、侍中岑羲、中書令蕭至忠、左羽林大將軍常元楷等謀逆，事覺，皇帝率兵誅之。 窮其黨與，太子少保薛稷、左散騎常侍賈膺福、右羽林將軍李慈李欽、中書舍人李猷、中書令崔湜、尚書左丞盧藏用、太史令傅孝忠、僧惠範等皆誅之。 兵部尚書郭元振從上御承天門樓，大赦天下，自大闢罪已下，無輕重咸赦除之。 翌日，太上皇誥曰：』朕將高居無為，自今後軍國刑政一事以上，並取皇帝處分。」
On jiazi Taiping, Dou Huai’zhen, Cen Xi, Xiao Zhizhong, Chang Yuankai, and others plotted treason; the emperor crushed them by force. The purge took Xue Ji, Jia Yingfu, the Li brothers, Cui Shi, Lu Zangyong, Fu Xiaozhong, Huifan, and the rest to execution. Guo Yuanzhen stood with the emperor on Chengtian Gate and amnestied all crimes down from great sedition. Next day the retired emperor’s gao read: “I take the high seat of nonaction; henceforth all military and civil matters go to the emperor. [Close of gao.]
85
開元四年夏六月甲子，太上皇帝崩於百福殿，時年五十五。 秋七月己亥，上尊謚曰大聖貞皇帝，廟曰睿宗。 冬十月庚午，葬於橋陵。 天寶十三載二月，改謚曰玄真大聖大興孝皇帝。 【史評】史臣曰：法不一則奸偽起，政不一則朋黨生，上既啟其泉源，下胡息於奔競。 觀夫天后之時，雲委於二張之第； 孝和之世，波注于三王之門。 獻奇則除設盈庭，納賄則斜封滿路，咸以進趨相軌，奸利是圖，如火投泉，安得無敗？ 洎景龍繼統，污俗廓清，然猶投杼於乘輿之間，抵掌於太平之日。 以至書頻告變，上不自安，宮臣致禦魅之科，天子慊巡邊之詔。 彼既彎弓而射我，我則號泣以行刑。 此雖鎮國之尤，亦是臨軒之失。 夫君人孝愛，錫之以典刑，納之於軌物，俾無僭逼，下絕覬覦，自然治道惟新，亂階不作。 孝和既已失之，玄真亦未為得。 【贊】贊曰：孝和、玄真，皆肖先人。 率情背禮，取樂於身。 夷塗不履，覆轍攸遵。 扶持聖嗣，賴有賢臣。
In Kaiyuan 4, sixth month, the retired emperor died in Baifu Hall at fifty-five. In the seventh month he was posthumously named Great Sage and Chaste Emperor, temple name Ruizong. In the tenth month he was buried at Qiaoling. In Tianbao 13 his posthumous style was lengthened to Xuanzhen the Great Sage of Great Prosperity and Filial Piety. 【Historian’s appraisal】 The historian writes: One law or the realm fills with fraud; one government or cliques multiply; when the throne opens the floodgate, who below can stop striving? Under the Empress, favor pooled in the Two Zhangs’ halls; under Xiaohé, tide ran to the Three Princes’ doors. Wonder-workers packed the hall; bribes bought “slant-seal” posts on every road—everyone raced for gain like fire poured into a spring: could ruin not follow? Jinglong brought a cleaner court, yet a mother still tested the throne and a sister still ruled the feast. Omens piled in the mail; the ruler slept uneasy; palace magicians offered anti-demon rites; he shamefacedly ordered border tours. They drew the bow on me; I wept even as I struck. Taiping bore the greater blame, yet the throne too had failed. A ruler’s love should punish by statute and bind kin to ritual, leaving no overreach and no hungry eyes below—then order would renew itself and chaos never rise. Xiaohé missed it; Xuanzhen did not do better. 【Eulogy】 The eulogy says: Xiaohé and Xuanzhen both took after their ancestors. They followed appetite, broke ritual, and kept joy for themselves. They shunned the level path and rode the rut of the overturned cart. Only worthy ministers bore up the sacred heir.