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○永安王孝基淮安王神通子道彥孝察孝同孝慈孝友孝節孝義孝逸
Prince of Yong'an Xiaoji; Prince of Huai'an Shentong; and his sons Daoyan, Xiaocha, Xiaotong, Xiaoci, Xiaoyou, Xiaojie, Xiaoyi, and Xiaoyi.
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襄邑王神符子德懋文暕
Prince of Xiangyi Shenfu; his sons Demao and Wenliang.
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長平王叔良子孝協孝斌孝斌子思訓思誨叔良弟德良幼良
Prince of Changping Shuliang; his sons Xiaoxie and Xiaobin; Xiaobin's sons Sixun and Sihui; Shuliang; and his younger brothers Deliang and Youliang.
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襄武王琛河間王孝恭子晦孝恭弟瑊瑰廬江王瑗王君廓附
Prince of Xiangwu Chen; Prince of Hejian Xiaogong and his son Hui; Xiaogong's younger brothers Jian and Gui; Prince of Lujiang Yuan; with Wang Junkuo appended.
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淮陽王道玄江夏王道宗隴西王博乂宗室永安王孝基永安王孝基,高祖從父弟也。 父璋,周梁州刺史,與趙王祐謀殺隋文帝,事洩被誅,高祖即位,追封畢王。 孝基,武德元年封永安王,歷陝州總管、鴻臚卿,以罪免。 二年,劉武周將宋金剛來寇汾、澮。 夏縣人呂崇茂殺縣令,舉兵反,自稱魏王,請援於武周。 復以孝基為行軍總管討之,工部尚書獨孤懷恩、內史侍郎唐儉、陝州總管於筠悉隸焉。 武周遣其將尉遲敬德潛援崇茂,大戰於夏縣,王師敗績,孝基與唐儉等皆沒於賊。 後謀歸國,為武周所害,高祖為之發哀,廢朝三日,賜其家帛千匹。 賊平,購其屍不得,招魂而葬之,贈左衛大將軍,謚曰壯。 無子,以從兄韶子道立為嗣,封高平郡王。 九年,降為縣公。 永徽初,卒於陳州刺史。 淮安王神通淮安王神通,高祖從父弟也。 父亮,隋海州刺史,武德初追封鄭王。 神通,隋末在京師。 義師起,隋人捕之,神通潛入鄠縣山南,與京師大俠史萬寶、河東裴勣、柳崇禮等舉兵以應義師。 遣使與司竹賊帥何潘仁連結。 潘仁奉平陽公主而至,神通與之合勢,進下鄠縣,眾逾一萬。 自稱關中道行軍總管,以史萬寶為副,裴勣為長史,柳崇禮為司馬,令狐德棻為記室。 高祖聞之大悅,授光祿大夫。 從平京師,拜宗正卿。 武德元年,拜右翊衛大將軍,封永康王,尋改封淮安王,為山東道安撫大使。 擊宇文化及於魏縣,化及不能抗,東走聊城。 神通進兵躡之,至聊城。 會化及糧盡請降,神通不受。 其副使黃門侍郎崔干勸納之,神通曰:「兵士暴露已久,賊計窮糧盡,克在旦暮,正當攻取,以示國威,散其玉帛,以為軍賞。 若受降者,吾何以藉手乎?」 干曰:「今建德方至,化及未平,兩賊之間,事必危迫。 不攻而下之,此勳甚大。 今貪其玉帛,敗無日矣!」 神通怒,囚干於軍中。 既而士及自濟北饋之,化及軍稍振,遂拒戰。 神通督兵薄而擊之,貝州刺史趙君德攀堞而上,神通心害其功,因止軍不戰,君德大詬而下,城又堅守。 神通乃分兵數千人往魏州取攻具,中路復為莘人所敗。 竇建德軍且至,遂引軍而退。 後二日,化及為建德所虜,賊勢益張,山東城邑多歸建德。 神通兵漸散,退保黎陽,依徐勣,俄為建德所陷。 及建德敗,復授河北道行台尚書左僕射。 從太宗平劉黑闥,遷左武衛大將軍。 貞觀元年,拜開府儀同三司,賜實封五百戶。 時太宗謂諸功臣曰:「朕敘公等勳效,量定封邑,恐不能盡當,各自言。」 神通曰:「義旗初起,臣率兵先至,今房玄齡、杜如晦等刀筆之人,功居第一,臣且不服。」 上曰:「義旗初起,人皆有心。 叔父雖率兵先至,未嘗身履行陣。 山東未定,受委專征,建德南侵,全軍陷沒; 及劉黑闥翻動,叔父望風而破。 今計勳行賞,玄齡等有籌謀帷幄定社稷功,所以漢之蕭何,雖無汗馬,指縱推轂,故功居第一。 叔父於國至親,誠無所愛,必不可緣私濫與勳臣同賞耳。」 四年,薨。 太宗為之廢朝,贈司空,謚曰靖。 十四年,詔與河間王孝恭、贈陝州大行台右僕射鄖節公殷開山、贈民部尚書渝襄公劉政會配饗高祖廟庭。 有子十一人:長子道彥,武德五年,封膠東王; 次孝察,高密王; 孝同,淄川王; 孝慈,廣平王; 孝友,河間王; 孝節,清河王; 孝義,膠西王。
Prince of Huaiyang Daoxuan; Prince of Jiangxia Daozong; Prince of Longxi Boyi. Imperial Clan: Prince of Yong'an Xiaoji. Prince of Yong'an Xiaoji was a paternal cousin of Emperor Gaozu. His father Zhang had served as governor of Liang province under the Northern Zhou. He joined Prince Zhao You in a plot to kill Emperor Wen of Sui, but the conspiracy was discovered and he was put to death. When Emperor Gaozu came to the throne, he posthumously enfeoffed Zhang as Prince of Bi. Xiaoji was enfeoffed as Prince of Yong'an in 618. He served as commander of Shaan province and as Minister of Ceremonial Reception before being dismissed for an offense. In 619, Liu Wuzhou's general Song Jingang invaded Fen and Huai. Lu Chongmao of Xia county killed the magistrate, took up arms in rebellion, proclaimed himself King of Wei, and appealed to Liu Wuzhou for support. Xiaoji was again appointed campaign commander to put down the revolt, with Minister of Works Dugu Huai'en, Vice Director of the Secretariat Tang Jian, and Shaan commander Yu Jun all placed under his command. Liu Wuzhou sent his general Yuchi Jingde to reinforce Chongmao in secret. A major battle was fought at Xia county, the imperial army was routed, and Xiaoji, Tang Jian, and the others were all captured by the rebels. Later he plotted to return to the Tang cause and was killed by Liu Wuzhou. Emperor Gaozu mourned him, suspended court for three days, and granted his family one thousand bolts of silk. After the rebels were defeated, a reward was offered for his body, but it could not be found. A funeral was held by summoning his spirit home, and he was posthumously appointed General of the Left Guard with the posthumous title Zhuang. He left no son, so his cousin Shao's son Daoli was made his heir and enfeoffed as Prince of Gaoping commandery. In 626 his rank was reduced to that of a county duke. Early in the Yonghui reign he died while serving as prefect of Chen prefecture. Prince of Huai'an Shentong. Prince of Huai'an Shentong was a paternal cousin of Emperor Gaozu. His father Liang had served as governor of Hai prefecture under the Sui. At the start of the Wude reign he was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Zheng. At the end of the Sui, Shentong was in the capital. When the Tang uprising began, Sui agents tried to capture him. Shentong slipped into the mountains south of Hu county and, together with the capital champion Shi Wanbao, Pei Ji of Hedong, Liu Chongli, and others, raised troops in support of the cause. He sent envoys to ally with the Sizhu bandit chief He Panren. Panren arrived leading Princess Pingyang's forces. Shentong joined with them, advanced and captured Hu county, and his army grew to more than ten thousand men. He styled himself campaign commander of the Guanzhong circuit, with Shi Wanbao as his deputy, Pei Ji as chief administrator, Liu Chongli as marshal, and Linghu Defen as recorder. Emperor Gaozu was greatly pleased when he heard of this and appointed Shentong Grand Master for Splendid Happiness. He took part in the pacification of the capital and was appointed Director of the Imperial Clan. In 618 he was appointed General of the Right Yiyi Guard and enfeoffed as Prince of Yongkang, soon afterward renamed Prince of Huai'an and made Pacification Commissioner of the Shandong circuit. He attacked Yu Wenhuaji at Wei county. Huaji could not hold his ground and fled east to Liaocheng. Shentong pressed the pursuit and reached Liaocheng. When Huaji's supplies ran out he offered to surrender, but Shentong refused. His deputy, Vice Director of the Yellow Gate Cui Gan, urged him to accept the surrender. Shentong said, "Our soldiers have been out in the field for a long time. The enemy is exhausted and out of food; victory is only a matter of days. We should take the city by assault to show the power of the state, seize their treasure and silks, and distribute them as rewards to the army. If we accept their surrender, what will there be left for us to do? Gan said, "Dou Jiande is on his way, and Huaji is not yet subdued. Caught between two enemies, our position will be desperate. To take the city without a fight would be a great achievement. If we now grasp for their treasure and silks, defeat will come at any moment!" Shentong was furious and had Gan imprisoned in the camp. Before long Shiji sent supplies from Jibei, Huaji's army gradually recovered its strength, and they stood firm to fight. Shentong pressed the attack at close range. Beizhou prefect Zhao Junde scaled the battlements, but Shentong, resentful of another man's success, halted the army and refused to fight on. Junde cursed him bitterly and climbed back down, and the city continued to hold. Shentong then sent several thousand men to Weizhou to fetch siege equipment, but they were ambushed and defeated en route by men from Shen county. Dou Jiande's army was approaching, so he withdrew his forces. Two days later Huaji was captured by Jiande. The rebels' power swelled, and many cities and towns in Shandong went over to Jiande. Shentong's army gradually melted away. He fell back to Liyang and placed himself under Xu Shiji's protection, but soon fell into Jiande's hands. After Jiande's defeat he was again appointed Left Vice Director of the Hebei circuit executive. He followed Emperor Taizong in the campaign against Liu Heita and was transferred to General of the Left Wuwei Guard. In 627 he was appointed Grand Master with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon, and granted an estate of five hundred taxable households. At that time Emperor Taizong told his meritorious ministers, "I have ranked your achievements and allotted your fiefs, but I fear I may not have done full justice. Speak for yourselves. Shentong said, "When the uprising first began, I was the one who led troops there first. Yet now men of the writing brush such as Fang Xuanling and Du Ruhui rank first in merit, and I cannot accept it." The Emperor said, "When the uprising first began, everyone had the same intent. Uncle, though you led troops there first, you never personally took the field. When Shandong was still unsettled, you were entrusted with independent command, yet when Jiande invaded from the south your entire army was lost; and when Liu Heita rose in revolt, your forces collapsed at the mere sight of the enemy. In reckoning merit and granting rewards today, Xuanling and the others deserve first place for the achievement of planning within the tent to secure the realm. They are like Xiao He of Han: though they never rode sweating horses into battle, they directed strategy from behind the lines, and so their merit ranks first. Uncle, you are the closest of kin to the throne, and I withhold nothing from you in my heart—but you cannot on account of family feeling be indiscriminately granted the same rewards as the meritorious ministers." In 630 he died. Emperor Taizong suspended court in mourning for him, posthumously appointed him Minister of Works, and gave him the posthumous title Jing. In 640 an edict ordered that he, together with Prince of Hejian Xiaogong, the posthumously honored Right Vice Director of the Shaan executive Yin Kaishan, Duke of Yun with posthumous title Jie, and the posthumously honored Minister of Revenue Liu Zhenghui, Duke of Yu with posthumous title Xiang, receive joint sacrifice in Emperor Gaozu's ancestral temple. He had eleven sons. The eldest, Daoyan, was enfeoffed as Prince of Jiaodong in 622; the next, Xiaocha, Prince of Gaomi; Xiaotong, Prince of Zichuan; Xiaoci, Prince of Guangping; Xiaoyou, Prince of Hejian; Xiaojie, Prince of Qinghe; and Xiaoyi, Prince of Jiaoxi.
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初,高祖受禪,以天下未定,廣封宗室以威天下,皇從弟及侄年始孩童者數十人,皆封為郡王。 太宗即位,因舉宗正屬藉問侍臣曰:「遍封宗子,於天下便乎?」 尚書右僕射封德彝對曰:「歷觀往古,封王者,今最為多。 兩漢已降,唯封帝子及親兄弟,若宗室疏遠者,非有大功如周之郇、滕,漢之賈、澤,並不得濫封,所以別親疏也。 先朝惇睦九族,一切封王,爵命既隆,多給力役,蓋以天下為私,殊非至公馭物之道。」 太宗曰:「朕理天下,本為百姓,非欲勞百姓以養己之親也。」 於是宗室率以屬疏降爵為郡公,唯有功者數十人封王。 是時道彥等並隨例降爵。 道彥與季弟孝逸最知名。
At first, when Emperor Gaozu took the throne, the realm was still unsettled, so he broadly enfeoffed members of the imperial clan to overawe the empire. Several dozen paternal cousins and nephews who were still children were all made princes of commanderies. When Emperor Taizong came to the throne, he took up the imperial clan register kept by the Director of the Imperial Clan and asked his ministers, "Is it good for the realm to enfeoff imperial clansmen so broadly? Right Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs Feng Deyi replied, "Looking through history, never have so many been enfeoffed as kings as today. From the Han dynasties onward, only the emperor's sons and close brothers were enfeoffed as kings. More distant members of the imperial clan were not enfeoffed indiscriminately unless they had great merit, as with Xun and Teng under Zhou or Jia and Ze under Han. That was how near and distant kin were distinguished. The previous court, in the name of cherishing the nine clans, enfeoffed them all as kings. Once their titles were raised so high, many were burdened with corvée labor. That treated the realm as private property and was far from the way of governing all under Heaven with utmost fairness." Emperor Taizong said, "I govern the realm for the sake of the people. I do not wish to burden the people in order to support my own kin." Thereupon most members of the imperial clan, on account of distant kinship, had their ranks reduced to commandery dukes, and only several dozen men with real achievement were enfeoffed as kings. At that time Daoyan and the others all had their ranks reduced along with the rest. Daoyan and his youngest brother Xiaoyi were the best known among them.
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道彥幼而事親甚謹。 初,義師起,神通逃難,被疾於山谷,綿曆數旬,山中食盡。 道彥著故弊衣,出人間乞丐,及采野實,以供其父,身無所啖。 其父分以食之,輒詐言已啖,而覆藏留之,以備闕乏。 及神通應義舉,授朝請大夫。 高祖受禪,封義興郡公,進封膠東王,授隴州刺史。 貞觀初,轉相州都督,例降爵為公,拜岷州都督。 丁父憂,廬於墓側,負土成墳,躬植松柏,容貌哀毀,親友皆不復識之。 太宗聞而嘉嘆,令侍中王珪就加開喻。 復授岷州都督。 道彥遣使告喻党項諸部,申國威靈,多有降附。 李靖之擊吐谷渾也,詔道彥為赤水道行軍總管。 時朝廷復厚幣遺党項,令為鄉導,党項首領拓拔赤辭來詣靖軍,請諸將曰:「往者隋人來擊吐谷渾,我党項每資軍用,而隋人無信,必見侵掠。 今將軍若無他心者,我當資給糧運; 如或我欺,當即固險以塞軍路。」 諸將與之歃血而盟,赤辭信之。 道彥既至闊水,見赤辭無備,遂襲之,虜牛羊數千頭。 於是諸羌怨怒,屯兵野狐硤,道彥不能進,為赤辭所乘,軍大敗,死者數萬人。 道彥退保松州,竟坐減死徙邊。 後起為涼州都督,尋卒,贈禮部尚書。
From childhood Daoyan served his parents with exceptional devotion. When the uprising first began, Shentong fled into hiding and fell ill in the mountains. He remained there for weeks until the food in the hills ran out. Daoyan put on old, tattered clothes, went among people to beg, and gathered wild fruits to feed his father, keeping nothing for himself. When his father tried to share food with him, he would claim he had already eaten, then secretly hide what he was given to save for later need. When Shentong joined the uprising, Daoyan was appointed Gentleman for Court Audience. When Emperor Gaozu took the throne, Daoyan was enfeoffed as Duke of Yixing commandery, then advanced to Prince of Jiaodong and appointed prefect of Long prefecture. Early in the Zhenguan reign he was transferred to commissioner of Xiang prefecture, had his rank reduced to duke under the general precedent, and was appointed commissioner of Min prefecture. When his father died he entered mourning, built a hut beside the tomb, carried earth to raise the mound, and personally planted pines and cypresses. Grief so wasted his appearance that relatives and friends no longer recognized him. When Emperor Taizong heard of this he praised him warmly and sent Attendant-in-Ordinary Wang Gui to offer further consolation and guidance. He was again appointed commissioner of Min prefecture. Daoyan sent envoys to announce the Tang's authority to the various Tangut tribes, and many submitted. When Li Jing attacked Tuyuhun, an edict appointed Daoyan campaign commander of the Chishui route. At that time the court again sent rich gifts to the Tangut and ordered them to serve as guides. The Tangut chieftain Tuo Ba Chici came to Li Jing's camp and told the generals, "In the past, whenever Sui forces came to attack Tuyuhun, we Tangut supplied their armies, yet the Sui were faithless and always invaded and plundered us. If you, General, have no other designs, we will supply grain for your transport; but if we are deceived, we will immediately hold the passes and block your army's route. The generals drank blood with him in alliance, and Chici trusted them. When Daoyan reached Kuoshui and saw that Chici was unprepared, he attacked him and seized several thousand head of cattle and sheep. The Qiang tribes were enraged and massed troops at Yehu Gorge. Daoyan could not advance, Chici seized the opportunity, and the army was routed with tens of thousands dead. Daoyan withdrew to Song prefecture. In the end he was sentenced to commuted death and exile to the frontier. He was later recalled and appointed commissioner of Liang prefecture. He died soon afterward and was posthumously appointed Minister of Rites.
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孝逸少好學,解屬文。 初封梁郡公。 高宗末,歷給事中,四遷益州大都督府長史。 則天臨朝,入為左衛將軍,甚見親遇。 光宅元年,徐敬業據揚州作亂,以孝逸為左玉鈐衛大將軍、揚州行軍大總管,督軍以討之。 孝逸引軍至淮,而敬業方南攻潤州,遣其弟敬猷屯兵淮陰; 偽將韋超據都梁山,以拒孝逸。 裨將馬敬臣擊斬賊之別帥尉遲昭、夏侯瓚等,超乃擁眾憑山以自固。 或謂孝逸曰:「超眾守險,且憑山為阻,攻之則士無所施其力,騎無所騁其足,窮寇殊死,殺傷必眾。 不若分兵守之,大軍直趣揚州,未數日,其勢必降也。」 支度使、廣府司馬薛克構曰:「超雖據險,其卒非多,今逢小寇不擊,何以示武? 若加兵以守,則有闕前機; 舍之而前,則終為後患,不如擊之。 克超則淮陰自懾,淮陰破,則楚州諸縣必開門而候官軍。 然後進兵高郵,直趣江都,逆豎之首,可指掌而懸也。」 孝逸從其言,進兵擊超賊,眾壓伏,官軍登山急擊之,殺數百人,日暮圍解,超銜枚夜遁。 孝逸引兵擊淮陰,大破敬猷之眾。 時敬業回軍屯於下阿溪以拒官軍,有流星墜其營。 孝逸引兵渡溪以擊之。 敬業初勝後敗,孝逸乘勝追奔數十里,敬業窘迫,與其黨攜妻子逃入海曲。 孝逸進據揚州,盡捕斬敬業等,振旅而還,以功進授鎮軍大將軍,轉左豹韜衛大將軍,改封吳國公。 孝逸素有名望,自是時譽益重,武承嗣等深所忌嫉,數讒毀之。 垂拱二年,左遷施州刺史。 其冬,承嗣等又使人誣告孝逸往任益州,嘗自解「逸」字云:「走繞兔者,常在月中。 月既近天,合有天分。」 則天以孝逸常有功,減死配徙儋州,尋卒。 景雲初,贈益州大都督。 孝銳孫齊物,孝同曾孫國貞,別有傳。
From youth Xiaoyi loved learning and was skilled at literary composition. He was first enfeoffed as Duke of Liang commandery. Late in Emperor Gaozong's reign he served as Supervising Attendant and rose through four promotions to chief administrator of the Yizhou metropolitan prefecture. When Empress Wu assumed power, he entered court service as General of the Left Guard and enjoyed great favor. In 684 Xu Jingye seized Yangzhou and rebelled. Xiaoyi was appointed General of the Left Yuling Guard and Grand Campaign Commander of Yangzhou to lead the army against him. Xiaoyi led his army to the Huai River. Jingye was then attacking Runzhou to the south and had sent his younger brother Jingyou to encamp at Huaiyin; while the rebel general Wei Chao held Duliang Mountain to block Xiaoyi's advance. Lieutenant general Ma Jingchen attacked and killed the rebel secondary commanders Yuchi Zhao, Xiahou Zan, and others. Chao then gathered his forces on the mountain and dug in. Someone said to Xiaoyi, "Chao's force holds the passes and uses the mountain as a barrier. If we attack, the infantry will have no room to exert themselves and the cavalry no room to charge. Cornered rebels will fight to the death, and our casualties will be heavy. Better to detach troops to contain them while the main army marches straight on Yangzhou. In a few days their resistance will surely collapse. Support-Distribution Commissioner and Guang Prefecture Vice-Marshal Xue Ke Gou said, "Although Chao holds the passes, his troops are not numerous. If we encounter a small rebel band and fail to attack, how can we demonstrate our martial prowess? If we detach troops to garrison them, we will miss our chance; if we leave them and press on, they will become a threat in our rear. We should attack them. Defeat Chao and Huaiyin will lose heart on its own. Once Huaiyin falls, every county in Chu prefecture will open its gates to the imperial army. Then we can advance on Gaoyou and strike straight for Jiangdu. The rebel leader's head will be ours for the taking. Xiaoyi followed his counsel and advanced against Chao's rebels. Pressing down from the heights, the imperial army stormed the mountain and killed several hundred. At dusk the siege lifted, and Chao slipped away in silence under cover of night. Xiaoyi led his troops against Huaiyin and routed Jingyou's army. Jingye had recalled his army and encamped at Xia'a Creek to block the imperial advance when a shooting star fell on his camp. Xiaoyi led his troops across the creek to attack him. Jingye won the opening clash but lost the next. Xiaoyi pursued the fleeing rebels for dozens of li. Hard pressed, Jingye fled with his followers and their families into a coastal inlet. Xiaoyi advanced into Yangzhou, captured and executed Jingye and his followers, and returned in triumph. For his service he was promoted to General Who Pacifies the Army, transferred to General of the Left Leopard Bow Guard, and enfeoffed as Duke of Wu. Xiaoyi had long enjoyed a high reputation, and from this victory his standing grew even greater. Wu Chengsi and his faction deeply envied him and repeatedly slandered him. In 686 he was demoted to prefect of Shi. That winter Chengsi and his allies sent men to accuse Xiaoyi falsely. They claimed that while serving in Yizhou he had once parsed the character for his name Yi, saying, "To run after a rabbit is always to be in the moon. The moon is near heaven — he was therefore destined for imperial rule. Empress Wu, because Xiaoyi had often rendered great service, commuted his death sentence to exile in Dan prefecture. He died soon afterward. Early in the Jingyun era he was posthumously appointed metropolitan overseer of Yizhou. Xiaorui's grandson Qiwu and Xiaotong's great-grandson Guozhen have separate biographies.
9
襄邑王神符,神通弟也。 幼孤,事兄以友悌聞。 義寧初,授光祿大夫,封安吉郡公。 武德元年,進封襄邑郡王。 四年,累遷并州總管。 突厥頡利可汗率眾來寇,神符出兵與戰於汾水東,敗之,斬首五百級,虜其馬二千匹。 又戰於沙河之北,獲其乙利達官並可汗所乘馬及甲獻之,由是召拜太府卿。 九年,遷揚州大都督,移州府及居人自丹陽渡江,州人賴焉。 貞觀初,再遷宗正卿。 後以疾辭職,太宗幸其第問疾,賜以縑帛,每給羊酒。 又令乘小輿,引入紫微殿,以神符腳疾,乃遣三衛輿之而升。 尋授開府儀同三司。 永徽二年薨,年七十三,贈司空、荊州都督,陪葬獻陵,謚曰恭。 有子七人,武德初,並封郡王,後例降封縣公。 次子德懋、少子文暕最知名。 德懋官至少府監、臨川郡公。 文暕歷幽州都督、魏郡公。 垂拱中,坐事貶為藤州別駕,尋被誅。 文暕子佺,開元中為宗正卿。 長平王叔良長平王叔良,高祖從父弟也。 父禕,隋上儀同三司,武德初,追封郇王。 叔良,義寧中授左光祿大夫,封長平郡公。 武德元年,拜刑部侍郎,進爵為王。 師鎮涇州,以御薛舉。 舉乃陽言食盡,引兵南去,遣高墌人偽以降。 叔良遣驃騎劉感率眾赴之,至百里細川,伏兵發,官軍敗績,劉感沒於陣。 叔良大懼,出金以賜士卒。 嚴為守備,涇州僅全。 四年,突厥入寇,命叔良率五軍擊之。 叔良中流矢而薨,贈左翊衛大將軍、靈州總管,謚曰肅。
Prince of Xiangyi Shenfu was the younger brother of Shentong. Orphaned in youth, he was known for the friendship and fraternal devotion he showed his elder brother. Early in the Yining era he was appointed Grand Master for Splendid Happiness and enfeoffed as Duke of Anji commandery. In 618 he was promoted to Prince of Xiangyi commandery. In 621, after a series of promotions, he became area commander of Bing prefecture. When the Türk khagan Jieli led a raid, Shenfu took the field and fought him east of the Fen River. He routed the Türks, took five hundred heads, and captured two thousand horses. He fought again north of the Sha River, captured the Türk elite commander Yili along with the khagan's horse and armor, and presented them as trophies. He was then summoned to court and appointed Director of the Palace Storehouse. In 626 he was transferred to metropolitan overseer of Yang prefecture. He moved the prefectural seat and its residents across the river from Danyang, to the great benefit of the region. Early in the Zhenguan era he was again transferred, becoming Director of the Imperial Clan Court. Later he resigned because of illness. Emperor Taizong visited his home to inquire after him, bestowed silk and brocade, and regularly sent mutton and wine. He was also ordered to ride in a small palanquin and was brought into the Ziwei Hall. Because Shenfu suffered from foot ailment, the Three Guards carried him up in a litter. Soon afterward he was granted the ceremonial rank of Grand Master with Privileges Equal to Three Departments. He died in 651 at the age of seventy-three. He was posthumously appointed Minister of Works and commissioner of Jing prefecture, buried with Emperor Gaozu's Xian mausoleum, and given the posthumous title Gong, Respectful. He had seven sons. Early in Wude all were enfeoffed as commandery princes, then later demoted by precedent to county marquises. His second son Demao and youngest son Wenliang were the most renowned. Demao rose to Director of the Lesser Treasury and Duke of Linchuan commandery. Wenliang served in turn as commissioner of You prefecture and Duke of Wei commandery. During the Chuigong era he was demoted to deputy prefect of Teng prefecture for an offense and was soon executed. Wenliang's son Quan served as Director of the Imperial Clan Court during the Kaiyuan era. Prince of Changping Shuliang — Prince of Changping Shuliang was a paternal cousin of Emperor Gaozu. His father Yi had held the Sui rank of Senior Master of Ceremony of the Third Rank. Early in Wude he was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Xun. During the Yining era Shuliang was appointed Left Grand Master for Splendid Happiness and enfeoffed as Duke of Changping commandery. In 618 he was appointed Vice Minister of Justice and promoted to princely rank. He took command at Jing prefecture to guard against Xue Ju. Ju then falsely claimed his provisions were exhausted, withdrew south, and sent a man from Gaodi to offer a fake surrender. Shuliang sent swift-cavalry commander Liu Gan to meet them. At Baili Xichuan an ambush sprang up, the imperial army was routed, and Liu Gan fell in battle. Shuliang was terrified and distributed gold to reward his soldiers. He tightened the defenses, and Jing prefecture barely held. In 621, when the Türks raided, Shuliang was ordered to lead five armies against them. Shuliang was struck by a stray arrow and died. He was posthumously appointed General-in-Chief of the Left Wing Guard and area commander of Ling prefecture, with the posthumous title Su, Solemn.
10
子孝協嗣,武德五年,封范陽郡王。 貞觀初,以屬疏例降封郇國公,累遷魏州刺史。 麟德中,坐受贓賜死。
His son Xiaoxie succeeded him. In 622 he was enfeoffed as Prince of Fanyang commandery. Early in the Zhenguan era, by the precedent for more distant imperial kin, his rank was reduced to Duke of Xun. He later rose through successive promotions to prefect of Wei. During the Linde era he was sentenced to death for accepting bribes.
11
孝協弟孝斌,官至原州都督府長史。
Xiaoxie's younger brother Xiaobin rose to chief administrator of the Yuan prefecture commissionerate.
12
孝斌子思訓,高宗時累轉江都令。 屬則天革命,宗室多見搆陷,思訓遂棄官潛匿。 神龍初,中宗初復宗社,以思訓舊齒,驟遷宗正卿,封隴西郡公,實封二百戶。 歷益州長史。 開元初,左羽林大將軍,進封彭國公,更加實封二百戶,尋轉右武衛大將軍。 開元六年卒。 贈秦州都督,陪葬橋陵。 思訓尤善丹青,迄今繪事者推李將軍山水。
Xiaobin's son Sixun, during Emperor Gaozong's reign, rose through successive appointments to magistrate of Jiangdu. When Empress Wu seized power, many members of the imperial clan were framed. Sixun resigned his office and went into hiding. Early in the Shenlong era, when Emperor Zhongzong restored the Tang dynasty, Sixun was suddenly promoted to Director of the Imperial Clan Court and enfeoffed as Duke of Longxi commandery with an income of two hundred households, in recognition of his senior standing in the clan. He served as chief administrator of Yizhou. Early in the Kaiyuan era he was General of the Left Forest Guard, then promoted to Duke of Peng with an additional two hundred taxable households, and soon transferred to General of the Right Martial Guard. He died in 718. He was posthumously appointed commissioner of Qin prefecture and buried with Emperor Ruizong's Qiao mausoleum. Sixun was especially skilled at painting. To this day painters speak of "General Li's landscapes" — the style he himself made famous.
13
思訓弟思誨,垂拱中揚州參軍。 思誨子林甫別有傳。
Sixun's younger brother Sihui served as an aide in Yang prefecture during the Chuigong era. Sihui's son Linpu has a separate biography.
14
叔良弟德良,少有疾,不仕。 武德初,封新興王。 貞觀十一年薨,贈涼州都督。
Shuliang's younger brother Deliang had been ill from youth and never held office. Early in Wude he was enfeoffed as Prince of Xinxing. He died in 637 and was posthumously appointed commissioner of Liang prefecture.
15
德良孫晉,先天中,為殿中監,兼雍州長史,甚有威名,紹封新興王。 尋坐附會太平公主伏誅,改姓厲氏。 初,晉之就誅,僚吏皆奔散,唯司功李捴步從,不失在官之禮,仍哭其屍。 姚崇聞之曰:「欒、向之儔也。」 擢為尚書郎。 後官至澤州刺史。
Deliang's grandson Jin, during the Xiantian era, served as Director of the Palace Administration and concurrent chief administrator of Yong prefecture. He enjoyed great renown and was re-enfeoffed as Prince of Xinxing. Soon afterward he was executed for associating with Princess Taiping, and his clan surname was changed to Li. When Jin was about to be executed, his staff officials all fled. Only Records Officer Li Zong followed on foot, observing every propriety of office, and wept over his corpse. When Yao Chong heard of this, he said, "He is of the same breed as Luan and Xiang. He was promoted to a Secretariat officer. He later rose to prefect of Ze.
16
德良弟幼良,武德初,封長樂王。 時有人盜其馬者,幼良獲盜而閃殺之,高祖怒曰:「昔人賜盜馬者酒,終獲其報,爾輒行戮,何無古風! 盜者信有罪矣,專殺豈非枉邪?」 遣禮部尚書李綱於朝堂集宗室王公而撻之。 自後累遷涼州都督,嘗引不逞百餘人為左右,多侵暴市裡,行旅苦之。 太宗即位,有告幼良陰養死士,交通境外,恐謀為反叛,詔遣中書令宇文士及代為都督,並按其事。 士及慮其為變,遂縊殺之。 襄武王琛襄武王琛,高祖從父兄子也。 祖蔚,周朔州總管。 父安,隋領軍大將軍。 武德初,追封蔚為蔡王,安為西平王。 琛,義寧中封襄武郡公,與太常卿鄭元璹齎女妓遺突厥始畢可汗,以結和親。 始畢甚重之,贈名馬數百匹,遣骨咄祿特勒隨琛貢方物。 高祖大悅,拜刑部侍郎,進爵為王。 歷蒲、絳二州總管。 及宋金剛陷澮州,時稽胡多叛,轉琛為隰州總管以鎮之。 馭眾寬簡,夷夏安之。 三年,薨。 子儉嗣,後隨例降爵為公。 琛弟孝恭河間王孝恭,琛之弟也。 高祖克京師,拜左光祿大夫,尋為山南道招慰大使。 自金州出於巴蜀,招攜以禮,降附者三十餘州。 孝恭進擊硃粲,破之,諸將曰:「此食人賊也,為害實深,請坑之。」 孝恭曰:「不可! 自此已東,皆為寇境,若聞此事,豈有來降者乎?」 盡赦而不殺,由是書檄所至,相繼降款。 武德二年,授信州總管,承製拜假。 蕭銑據江陵,孝恭獻平銑之策,高祖嘉納之。 三年,進爵為王。 改信州為夔州,使拜孝恭為總管,令大造舟楫,教習水戰,以圖蕭銑。 孝恭召巴蜀首領子弟,量才授用,致之左右,外示引擢,而實以為質也。 尋授荊湘道行軍總管,統水陸十二總管,發自硤州,進軍江陵。 攻其水城,克之,所得船散於江中。 諸將皆曰:「虜得賊船,當藉其用,何為棄之,無乃資賊耶?」 孝恭曰:「不然,蕭銑偽境,南極嶺外,東至洞庭。 若攻城未拔,援兵復到,我則內外受敵,進退不可,雖有舟楫,何所用之? 今銑緣江州鎮忽見船舸亂下,必知銑敗,未敢進兵,來去覘伺,動淹旬月,用緩其救,克之必矣。」 銑救兵至巴陵,見船被江而下,果狐疑不敢輕進。 既內外阻絕,銑於是出降。 高祖大悅,拜孝恭荊州大總管,使畫工貌而視之。 於是開置屯田,創立銅冶,百姓利焉。 六年,遷襄州道行台尚書左僕射。 時荊襄雖定,嶺表尚未悉平。 孝恭分遣使人撫慰,嶺南四十九州皆來款附。 及輔公祏據江東反,發兵寇壽陽,命孝恭為行軍元帥以擊之。 七年,孝恭自荊州趣九江,時李靖、李勣、黃君漢、張鎮州、盧祖尚並受孝恭節度。 將發,與諸將宴集,命取水,忽變為血,在座者皆失色。 孝恭舉止自若,徐諭之曰:「禍福無門,唯人所召。 自顧無負於物,諸公何見憂之深! 公祏惡積禍盈,今承廟算以致討,碗中之血,乃公祏授首之後征。」 遂盡飲而罷。 時人服其識度而能安眾。 公祏遣其偽將馮惠亮、陳當時領水軍屯於博望山,陳正通、徐紹宗率步騎軍於青林山。 孝恭至,堅壁不與斗,使奇兵斷其糧道。 賊漸餧,夜薄我營,孝恭安臥不動。 明日,縱羸兵以攻賊壘,使盧祖尚率精騎列陣以待之。 俄而攻壘者敗走,賊出追奔數里,遇祖尚軍,與戰,大敗之。 正通棄營而走,復與馮惠亮保梁山。 孝恭乘勝攻之,破其梁山別鎮,赴水死者數千人,正通率陸軍夜遁。 總管李靖又下廣陵城,拔楊子鎮。 公祏窮蹙,棄丹陽東走。 孝恭命騎將追之,至武康,擒公祏及其偽僕射西門君儀等數十人,致於麾下,江南悉平。 璽書褒賞,賜甲第一區、女樂二部、奴婢七百人、金寶珍玩甚眾,授東南道行台尚書左僕射。 後廢行台,拜揚州大都督。 孝恭既破公祏,江淮及嶺南皆統攝之。 自大業末,群雄競起,皆為太宗所平,謀臣猛將並在麾下,罕有別立勳庸者,唯孝恭著方面之功,聲名甚盛。 厚自崇重,欲以威名鎮遠,築宅於石頭,陳廬徼以自衛。 尋征拜宗正卿。 九年,賜實封一千二百戶。 貞觀初,遷禮部尚書,以功臣封河間郡王,除觀州刺史,與長孫無忌等代襲刺史。 孝恭性奢豪,重遊宴,歌姬舞女百有餘人,然而寬恕退讓,無驕矜自伐之色。 太宗甚加親待,諸宗室中莫與為比。 孝恭嘗悵然謂所親曰:「吾所居宅微為宏壯,非吾心也,當賣之,別營一所,粗令充事而已。 身歿之後。 諸子若才,守此足矣; 如其不才,冀免他人所利也。」 十四年,暴薨,年五十。 太宗素服舉哀,哭之甚慟,贈司空、揚州都督,陪葬獻陵,謚曰元,配享高祖廟庭。
Deliang's younger brother Youliang was enfeoffed as Prince of Changle early in Wude. Once when someone stole his horse, Youliang captured the thief and killed him on the spot. Emperor Gaozu was furious and said, "In antiquity a man who had his horse stolen would treat the thief to wine and in the end receive his reward. You executed the man outright — where is the spirit of the ancients! The thief was indeed guilty, but is summary execution not itself a wrong? He sent Minister of Rites Li Gang to assemble the princes and nobles of the imperial clan in the court hall and have Youliang flogged. Afterward he rose through successive appointments to commissioner of Liang prefecture. He kept more than a hundred unruly men as personal retainers, and they frequently terrorized the markets. Travelers suffered greatly. When Emperor Taizong took the throne, someone reported that Youliang was secretly training desperate men and maintaining contacts beyond the border, possibly plotting rebellion. An edict sent Chief Councillor Yuwen Shiji to replace him as commissioner and investigate. Fearing a revolt, Shiji had him strangled. Prince of Xiangwu Chen — Prince of Xiangwu Chen was a son of Emperor Gaozu's paternal cousin. His grandfather Wei had been area commander of Shuo prefecture under the Northern Zhou. His father An had been General-in-Chief of the Palace Guard under the Sui. Early in Wude, Wei was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Cai and An as Prince of Xiping. During the Yining era Chen was enfeoffed as Duke of Xiangwu commandery. Together with Director of Ceremonial Zheng Yuanshang he brought female entertainers as gifts to the Türk khagan Shibi to cement a marriage alliance. Shibi received them with great honor, bestowed several hundred fine horses, and sent the Türk noble Kutlug Tegin to accompany Chen in presenting tribute. Emperor Gaozu was greatly pleased. He appointed Chen Vice Minister of Justice and promoted him to princely rank. He served in turn as area commander of Pu and Jiang prefectures. When Song Jingang seized Fen prefecture and many Jié-Xiongnu groups were in revolt, Chen was transferred to area commander of Xi prefecture to pacify the region. He governed with leniency and restraint, and both barbarians and Chinese lived in peace under his rule. He died in 620. His son Jian succeeded him. Later, by precedent, his title was reduced to marquis. Chen's younger brother Xiaogong — Prince of Hejian Xiaogong was Chen's younger brother. When Emperor Gaozu took the capital, Xiaogong was appointed Left Grand Master for Splendid Happiness. Soon afterward he became commissioner for pacification of the South Mountain circuit. Setting out from Jin prefecture into Ba and Shu, he won people over with courtesy, and more than thirty prefectures submitted. Xiaogong pressed the attack on Zhu Can and defeated him. The generals said, "These are man-eating bandits who have done terrible harm. We ask that they be buried alive. Xiaogong said, "No! From here eastward all is enemy territory. If word of this spreads, who will dare to surrender? He pardoned them all instead. Thereafter, wherever his proclamations reached, surrender followed in succession. In 619 he was appointed area commander of Xin prefecture with authority to grant provisional commissions under imperial writ. When Xiao Xian held Jiangling, Xiaogong submitted a plan to defeat him, and Emperor Gaozu praised and adopted it. In 620 his title was advanced to prince. Xin prefecture was renamed Kui prefecture, and Xiaogong was appointed area commander there. He was ordered to build a large fleet and train his forces in naval warfare for a campaign against Xiao Xian. Xiaogong summoned the sons of Ba-Shu tribal leaders, assigned them posts suited to their abilities, and kept them close at hand. Outwardly it looked like promotion; in fact they were hostages. Soon afterward he was appointed campaign commander of the Jing-Xiang circuit, with twelve land and naval commanders under him. He set out from Xia prefecture and advanced on Jiangling. He stormed their river fort and took it, then scattered the captured ships down the Yangtze. The generals objected: "We should put those rebel ships to use. Why cast them away? Aren't we just handing the enemy an advantage? Xiaogong replied, "Not at all. Xiao Xian's rebel territory runs south to the far side of the Nanling ranges and east to Dongting. If we fail to take the city and their reinforcements arrive, we'll be caught between enemies with no room to advance or retreat. Even with ships, what good would they do us? When Xian's riverside garrisons see boats drifting downstream in disorder, they'll know he's lost and hesitate to advance. They'll linger on the river scouting for weeks—buying us time. Victory is assured. Xian's relief force reached Baling, saw the scattered vessels floating downriver, and as Xiaogong had predicted, hung back in suspicion rather than press forward. Cut off both within and without, Xian surrendered. Emperor Gaozu was delighted. He appointed Xiaogong Grand Area Commander of Jing prefecture and had painters render his likeness for the court to admire. He then established military colonies and copper works, to the benefit of the local populace. In 623 he was made Left Vice President of the Xiangzhou Circuit Executive. Although Jing and Xiang were now secure, the far south had not yet been fully pacified. Xiaogong dispatched envoys throughout the region to win hearts and minds. All forty-nine prefectures south of the Nanling submitted. When Fu Gongshi seized Jiangdong and rebelled, sending raiders against Shouyang, Xiaogong was appointed supreme campaign commander to crush him. In 624 Xiaogong marched from Jing prefecture toward Jiujiang. Li Jing, Li Ji, Huang Junhan, Zhang Zhenzhou, and Lu Zushang all served under his command. On the eve of departure he banqueted his generals. When water was brought to the table it turned to blood. Every man present blanched. Xiaogong remained composed. "Fortune and disaster have no fixed gate," he told them calmly. "They are only what men bring upon themselves. I know I have wronged no one. Why are you so troubled? Gongshi has piled up evil until disaster must fall. We march under the emperor's plan to destroy him. This blood in the bowl is an omen that Gongshi will lose his head when the campaign ends. He drained the cup and dismissed the gathering. All who witnessed it marveled at his poise and his ability to steady the troops. Gongshi posted his generals Feng Huiliang and Chen Dangshi with the fleet on Bowang Mountain, and Chen Zhengtong and Xu Shaozong with infantry and cavalry on Qinglin Mountain. Xiaogong arrived and refused battle behind strengthened defenses while detachments severed the rebel supply lines. As the rebels grew hungrier, they raided the camp by night. Xiaogong slept on undisturbed. The next day he sent weak troops to feint at the rebel fort while Lu Zushang waited with elite cavalry in formation. The feinting force broke and fled. The rebels gave chase for several li, ran into Lu Zushang's cavalry, and were routed. Zhengtong abandoned his camp and rejoined Feng Huiliang on Liang Mountain. Xiaogong pressed the attack, stormed the secondary fort on Liang Mountain, and killed several thousand rebels who drowned trying to escape. Zhengtong fled by night with the land forces. Li Jing, area commander under Xiaogong, took Guangling and captured Yangzi garrison. Hard pressed, Gongshi abandoned Danyang and fled east. Xiaogong sent cavalry in pursuit. At Wukang they captured Gongshi, his chancellor Ximen Junyi, and dozens of other rebels. Jiangnan was fully pacified. The emperor sent a commendatory decree, granting him a mansion of the first rank, two companies of female performers, seven hundred servants, and a profusion of gold, jewels, and treasures. He was appointed Left Vice President of the Southeast Circuit Executive. The circuit executive was later abolished, and he was appointed Metropolitan Commissioner of Yangzhou. After defeating Gongshi, Xiaogong held authority over both the Jiang-Huai region and Lingnan. From the chaos at the end of the Sui, one warlord after another had risen, and all were brought down by Emperor Taizong with his strategists and generals at his side. Few outside that inner circle won independent renown. Only Xiaogong earned distinction commanding a whole region, and his fame was immense. He began to comport himself with growing grandeur, hoping his reputation alone would keep the frontier calm. He built an imposing estate at Shitou and posted fortified watch stations around it. He was soon recalled to court and appointed Director of the Imperial Clan Court. In 626 he received an income of twelve hundred taxable households. Early in the Zhenguan era he became Minister of Rites and, as a founding merit holder, was enfeoffed as Prince of Hejian. He was assigned as prefect of Guan and, together with Zhangsun Wuji and others, entered the rotation by which founding ministers served as regional governors. Xiaogong was extravagant by nature and devoted to feasting and entertainment. He kept more than a hundred singing girls and dancers. Yet he was forgiving and unassuming, without a trace of arrogance or self-congratulation. Emperor Taizong treated him with exceptional favor. Among the imperial clan, none stood as close. Xiaogong once told his intimates, with evident regret, "My house has grown a little too grand for my taste. I should sell it and build something modest—just enough to live in. After I am gone, if my sons are capable, that will be enough for them; if they are not, I hope at least to keep others from coveting what I leave behind. He died suddenly in 640, aged fifty. Emperor Taizong wore plain mourning and wept bitterly. Xiaogong was posthumously appointed Minister of Works and commissioner of Yangzhou, buried with Emperor Gaozu's Xian mausoleum, given the posthumous name Yuan, and granted a place in Emperor Gaozu's temple.
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子崇義嗣,降爵為譙國公,歷蒲、同二州刺史,益州大都督長史,甚有威名。 後卒於宗正卿。
His son Chongyi succeeded him. His title was reduced to Duke of Qiao. He served as prefect of Pu and Tong in turn, then as chief administrator under the Yizhou Metropolitan Commissioner, and earned a formidable reputation. He later died while serving as Director of the Imperial Clan Court.
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孝恭次子晦,乾封中,累除營州都督,以善政聞; 璽書勞問,賜物三百段。 轉右金吾將軍,兼檢校雍州長史,糾發奸豪,無所容貸,為人吏畏服。 晦私第有樓,下臨酒肆,其人嘗候晦言曰:「微賤之人,雖則禮所不及,然家有長幼,不欲外人窺之。 家迫明公之樓,出入非便,請從此辭。」 晦即日毀其樓。 高宗將幸洛陽,令在京居守,顧謂之曰:「關中之事,一以付卿。 但令式跼人,不可以成官政,令式之外,有利於人者,隨事即行,不須聞奏。」 晦累有異績。 則天臨朝,遷戶部尚書。 垂拱初,拜右金吾衛大將軍,轉秋官尚書。 永昌元年卒,贈幽州都督。 子榮,為酷吏所殺。 琛弟瑊孝恭弟瑊,武德中,為尚書右丞,封濟北郡王,卒於始州刺史。 琛弟瑰瑊弟瑰,義師克京城,授瑰左光祿大夫。 武德元年,封漢陽郡公。 五年,進爵為王。 時突厥屢為侵寇,高祖使瑰齎布帛數萬段與結和親。 頡利可汗初見瑰,箕踞; 瑰餌以厚利,頡利大悅,改容加敬,遣使隨瑰獻名馬。 後復將命,頡利謂左右曰:「李瑰前來,恨不屈之,今者必令下拜。」 瑰微知之,及見頡利,長揖不屈節。 頡利大怒,乃留瑰不遣。 瑰神意自若,竟不為之屈。 頡利知不可以威脅,終禮遣之。 拜左武候將軍,轉衛尉卿,代兄孝恭為荊州都督。 政存清靜,深為士庶所懷。 嶺外豪帥屢相攻擊,遣使喻以威德,皆相次歸附,嶺表遂定。 太宗即位,例降爵為公。 時長史馮長命曾為御史大夫,素矜衒,事多專決,瑰怒杖之,坐是免。 貞觀四年,拜宜川刺史,加散騎常侍,卒。
Xiaogong's second son Hui, during the Qianfeng era, rose through successive appointments to commissioner of Ying prefecture, where his good governance became known; The emperor sent a commendatory decree and three hundred bolts of goods. He was transferred to General of the Right Golden Guard and concurrently made acting chief administrator of Yong prefecture. He prosecuted powerful wrongdoers without mercy, and officials and commoners alike feared and respected him. Hui's residence had a tower that looked down on a wineshop. The proprietor once came to him and said, "I am a humble man, scarcely worth your notice, but my household has elders and children, and we do not want strangers peering in on us. Your tower looms over my shop and makes coming and going difficult. I must ask to move elsewhere. Hui had the tower torn down that very day. When Emperor Gaozong prepared to travel to Luoyang, he left Hui in charge of the capital. "I entrust all affairs of Guanzhong to you," he told him. Statutes alone cannot make good government. Wherever something outside the statutes would benefit the people, do it at once—no need to seek approval. Hui distinguished himself again and again. When Empress Wu assumed power, he was transferred to Minister of Revenue. Early in the Chuigong era he became General of the Right Golden Guard Regiment, then Minister of Justice. He died in 689 and was posthumously appointed commissioner of You prefecture. His son Rong was executed by the era's notorious harsh investigators. Chen's younger brother Jian — Xiaogong's brother Jian — served during Wude as Right Vice Director of the Imperial Secretariat. He was enfeoffed as Prince of Jibei and died while serving as prefect of Shi. Jian's younger brother Gui — when the Tang army took the capital, Gui was appointed Left Grand Master for Splendid Happiness. In 618 he was enfeoffed as Duke of Hanyang. In 622 his title was advanced to prince. As the Turks repeatedly raided the frontier, Emperor Gaozu sent Gui with tens of thousands of bolts of silk to negotiate a marriage alliance. When Il Khan first received Gui, he sat with legs sprawled in contempt; Gui won him over with lavish gifts. Il Khan was delighted, changed his manner, and sent an envoy back with Gui bearing fine horses as tribute. When Gui returned on a later mission, Il Khan told his attendants, "Last time Li Gui came I regret not forcing him to bow. This time I will make him kowtow. Gui learned of the plan. When he met Il Khan he offered a deep bow but refused to kneel. Il Khan was furious and detained him. Gui remained calm throughout and never yielded. Seeing that threats would not break him, Il Khan finally released him with proper courtesy. He was appointed General of the Left Martial Guard, then Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices, succeeding his elder brother Xiaogong as commissioner of Jing prefecture. His rule was quiet and fair, and scholars and commoners deeply trusted him. When rival chieftains beyond the Nanling attacked one another, he sent envoys to instruct them in the empire's power and its mercy. They submitted one after another, and the far south was pacified. When Emperor Taizong came to the throne, Gui's title was reduced to duke by precedent. His chief administrator Feng Changming, a former Censor-in-Chief who was habitually arrogant, made many decisions on his own. Gui had him beaten for it and was dismissed from office. In 630 he was appointed prefect of Yichuan with the additional title Regular Attendant, and died in office.
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子沖玄,垂拱中官至冬官尚書; 沖虛,卒於尚方監。 廬江王瑗廬江王瑗,高祖從父兄子也。 父哲,隋柱國、備身將軍,追封濟南王。 瑗,武德元年曆信州總管,封廬江王。 九年,累遷幽州大都督。 朝廷以瑗懦曌,非邊將才,遣右領軍將軍王君廓助典兵事。 君廓故嘗為盜,勇力絕人,瑗倚仗之,許結婚姻,以布心腹。 時隱太子建成將有異圖,外結於瑗。 及建成誅死,遣通事舍人崔敦禮召瑗入朝,瑗有懼色。 君廓素險薄,欲因事陷之以為己功,遂紿瑗曰:「京都有變,事未可知。 大王國之懿親,受委作鎮,寧得擁兵數萬而從一使召耶! 且聞趙郡王先以被拘,太子、齊王又言若此,大王今去,能自保乎?」 相與共泣。 瑗乃囚敦禮,舉兵反。 召北齊州刺史王詵,將與計事,兵曹參軍王利涉說瑗曰:「王不奉詔而擅發兵,此為反矣。 須改易法度,以權宜應變,先定眾心。 今諸州刺史或有逆命,王徵兵不集,何以保全?」 瑗曰:「若之何?」 利涉曰:「山東之地,先從竇建德,酋豪首領,皆是偽官,今並黜之,退居匹庶,此人思亂,若旱苗之望雨。 王宜發使復其舊職,各於所在遣募本兵,諸州倘有不從,即委隨便誅戮。 此計若行,河北之地可呼吸而定也。 然後分遣王詵北連突厥,道自太原,南臨蒲、絳; 大王整駕親詣洛陽,西入潼關。 兩軍合勢,不盈旬月,天下定矣。」 瑗從之。 瑗以內外機悉付君廓。 利涉以君廓多翻覆,又說瑗委兵於王詵而除君廓,瑗不能決。 君廓知之,馳斬詵,持首告其眾曰:「李瑗與王詵共反,禁錮敕使,擅追兵集。 今王詵已斬,獨李瑗在,無能為也。 汝若從之,終亦族滅; 從我取之,立得富貴。 禍福如是,意欲何從?」 眾曰:「皆願討賊。」 君廓領其麾下登城西面,瑗未之覺。 君廓自領千餘人先往獄中出敦禮,瑗始知之,遽率數百人披甲,才出至門外,與君廓相遇。 君廓謂其眾曰:「李瑗作逆誤人,何忽從之,自取塗炭?」 眾皆倒戈,一時潰走。 瑗塊然獨存,謂君廓曰:「小人賣我以自媚,汝行當自及矣。」 君廓擒瑗,縊殺之,年四十一,傳首京師,絕其屬籍。
His son Chongxuan rose to Minister of Public Works during the Chuigong era; Chongxu died while serving as Supervisor of the Imperial Manufactories. Prince of Lujiang Yuan — Yuan was a cousin of Emperor Gaozu on the paternal line. His father Zhe, a Sui Pillar of State and Palace Guard General, was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Jinan. In 618 Yuan served as area commander of Xin prefecture and was enfeoffed as Prince of Lujiang. In 626 he was promoted to Metropolitan Commissioner of You prefecture. The court judged Yuan too timid for a frontier command and sent Right Vanguard General Wang Junke to assist with military affairs. Junke had once been a bandit and possessed extraordinary strength. Yuan leaned on him, promised him a marriage alliance, and confided in him as a trusted intimate. At that time the crown prince Jiancheng was plotting rebellion and cultivated ties with Yuan on the frontier. After Jiancheng was executed, the palace envoy Cui Dunli was sent to summon Yuan to court. Yuan's fear showed on his face. Junke, who was treacherous by nature, saw a chance to trap Yuan and claim the credit. He deceived Yuan: "There has been trouble in the capital—the outcome is still uncertain. You are the emperor's own cousin, entrusted with a frontier army. How can you march to court at the word of one messenger while tens of thousands of soldiers stand at your back? I hear Prince of Zhao has already been seized, and with things said to have gone against the crown prince and Prince of Qi alike—if you go now, can you be sure of your safety? They wept together. Yuan imprisoned Dunli and rose in rebellion. He summoned Wang Shen, prefect of Beiji, to discuss strategy. Army Staff Officer Wang Lishe urged Yuan, "Your Highness has raised troops without imperial orders—that is rebellion. You must change your methods of rule, adapt as circumstances demand, and first win the hearts of your followers. If the prefects refuse your orders and troops fail to rally when you call them, how will you protect yourself? Yuan asked, "What then should we do? Lishe replied, "East of the mountains once followed Dou Jiande. The tribal chiefs and local leaders were all officers of the rebel regime, but they have been dismissed and reduced to commoners. They hunger for rebellion like drought-blasted crops thirsting for rain. Send envoys to restore them to their old offices and have them recruit their former followers locally. Wherever a prefecture refuses, authorize whoever is on the spot to execute the offenders. If you adopt this plan, you can take Hebei as easily as drawing a breath. Then send Wang Shen north to link up with the Turks, advancing from Taiyuan south toward Pu and Jiang; while Your Highness yourself march on Luoyang and enter Tong Pass from the west. With both armies united, the empire will be settled in less than a month. Yuan accepted the plan. Yuan put all civil and military affairs entirely in Junke's hands. Lishe, distrusting Junke's unstable loyalty, urged Yuan to put the army under Wang Shen and remove Junke. Yuan could not make up his mind. Junke learned of it, rode at speed, and killed Shen. Holding up the head, he told the troops, "Li Yuan has rebelled with Wang Shen. They imprisoned the imperial envoy and raised troops without authorization. Wang Shen is already dead. Only Yuan remains, and he can do nothing. If you follow him, your families will be wiped out; join me in seizing him and you will be rich and honored at once. Fortune or ruin lies before you— which will you choose? The soldiers cried, "We will strike down the traitor. Junke led his men up the west wall of the city. Yuan did not yet know. Junke personally led more than a thousand men to the prison and freed Dunli. Yuan only then learned what was happening. He hastily mustered several hundred armored men and had scarcely stepped outside the gate when he ran into Junke. Junke shouted to Yuan's men, "Li Yuan led you into rebellion—why follow a traitor to your own destruction? They turned their weapons on Yuan and fled in every direction. Yuan stood alone and said to Junke, "These petty men betrayed me to win your favor. Your own turn will come. Junke seized Yuan and strangled him. Yuan was forty-one. His head was sent to the capital and his name was struck from the imperial clan rolls.
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君廓,并州石艾人也。 少亡命為群盜,聚徒千餘人,轉掠長平,進逼夏縣。 李密遣使召之,遂投於密。 尋又率眾歸國,歷遷右武衛將軍,累封彭國公。 從平劉黑闥,令鎮幽州。 會突厥入寇,君廓邀擊破之,俘斬二千餘人,獲馬五千匹。 高祖大悅,徵入朝,賜以御馬,令於殿庭乘之而出,因謂侍臣曰:「吾聞藺相如叱秦皇,目皆出血。 君廓往擊竇建德,將出戰,李靖遏之,君廓發憤大呼,目及鼻耳一時流血。 此之壯氣,何謝古人,不可以常例賞之。」 復賜錦袍金帶,還鎮幽州。 尋以誅瑗功,拜左領軍大將軍,兼幽州都督,以瑗家口賜之,加左光祿大夫,賜物千段,食實封千三百戶。 在職多縱逸,長史李玄道數以朝憲脅之,懼為所奏,殊不自安。 後追入朝,行至渭南,殺驛史而遁。 將奔突厥,為野人所殺,追削其封邑。 淮陽王道玄淮陽王道玄,高祖從父兄子也。 祖繪,隋夏州總管,武德初,追封雍王。 父贄,追封河南王。 道玄,武德元年封淮陽王,授右千牛。 從太宗擊宋金剛於介州,先登陷陣,時年十五,太宗壯之,賞物千段。 後從討王世充,頻戰皆捷。 竇建德至武牢,太宗以輕騎誘賊,領道玄率伏兵於道左,會賊至,追擊破之。 又從太宗轉戰於汜水,麾戈陷陣,直出賊後,眾披靡,復衝突而歸。 太宗大悅,命副乘以給道玄。 又從太宗赴賊,再入再出,飛矢亂下,箭如蝟毛,猛氣益厲,射人無不應弦而倒。 東都平,拜洛州總管。 及府廢,改授洛州刺史。 五年,劉黑闥引突厥寇河北,復授山東道行軍總管。 師次下博,與賊軍遇,道玄帥騎先登,命副將史萬寶督軍繼進。 萬寶與之不協,及道玄深入,而擁兵不進,謂所親曰:「吾奉手詔,言淮陽小兒雖名為將,而軍之進止皆委於吾。 今其輕脫,越濘交戰,大軍若動,必陷泥溺,莫如結陣以待之,雖不利於王,而利於國。」 道玄遂為賊所擒,全軍盡沒,惟萬寶逃歸。 道玄遇害,年十九。 太宗追悼久之,嘗從容謂侍臣曰:「道玄終始從朕,見朕深入賊陣,所向必克,意嘗企慕,所以每陣先登,蓋學朕也。 惜其年少,不遂遠圖。」 因為之流涕。 贈左驍衛大將軍,謚曰壯。 無子,詔封其弟武都郡公道明為淮陽王,令主道玄之祀。 累遷左驍衛將軍。 送弘化公主還蕃,坐洩主非太宗女,奪爵國除,後卒於鄆州刺史。 道玄從父弟道宗江夏王道宗,道玄從父弟也。 父韶,追封東平王,贈戶部尚書。 道宗,武德元年封略陽郡公,起家左千牛備身。 討劉武周,戰於度索原,軍敗,賊徒進逼河東。 道宗時年十七,從太宗率眾拒之。 太宗登玉壁城望賊,顧謂道宗曰:「賊恃其眾來邀我戰,汝謂如何?」 對曰:「群賊乘勝,其鋒不可當,易以計屈,難與力競。 今深壁高壘,以挫其鋒; 烏合之徒,莫能持久,糧運致竭,自當離散,可不戰而擒。」 太宗曰:「汝意暗與我合。」 後賊果食盡夜遁,追及介州,一戰滅之。 又從平竇建德,破王世充,屢有殊效。 五年,授靈州總管。 梁師都據夏州,遣弟洛仁引突厥兵數萬至於城下。 道宗閉門拒守,伺隙而戰,賊徒大敗。 高祖聞而嘉之,謂左僕射裴寂、中書令蕭瑀曰:「道宗今能守邊,以寡制眾。 昔魏任城王彰臨戎卻敵,道宗勇敢,有同於彼。」 遂封為任城王。 初,突厥連於梁師都,其郁射設入居五原舊地,道宗逐出之。 振耀威武,開拓疆界,斥地千餘里,邊人悅服。
Junke was a native of Shiai in Bingzhou. In youth he turned outlaw and became a bandit leader. He gathered more than a thousand followers, raided Changping, and pressed toward Xia County. Li Mi sent for him, and he went over to Mi's side. He soon led his followers to submit to Tang. He rose through successive posts to Right Martial Guard General and was enfeoffed repeatedly as Duke of Peng. After campaigning against Liu Heita, he was assigned to guard Youzhou. When Turks raided the frontier, Junke intercepted and routed them, killing or capturing more than two thousand men and taking five thousand horses. Emperor Gaozu was delighted. He summoned Junke to court, gave him an imperial horse, and had him ride it out across the palace courtyard. Then he told the ministers, "I have heard that when Lin Xiangru berated the King of Qin, blood burst from his eyes. Once, as Junke was about to ride out against Dou Jiande, Li Jing restrained him. Junke roared in fury until blood streamed from his eyes, nose, and ears at once. Such courage needs no apology to the ancients. He must be rewarded beyond ordinary measure. Gaozu granted him a brocade robe and gold belt and sent him back to Youzhou. Soon afterward he was made Left Army General-in-Chief and concurrently Metropolitan Protector of Youzhou for killing Yuan. Gaozu gave him Yuan's household, added the title Left Grand Master of Splendorous Happiness, granted a thousand bolts of goods, and conferred a fief of thirteen hundred households. In office he was habitually unrestrained. Chief Administrator Li Xuandao repeatedly threatened him with imperial law. Fearing denunciation, he grew profoundly uneasy. Later he was recalled to court. At Weinan he killed the relay clerk and fled. He was heading for the Turks when country folk killed him. His fief was posthumously revoked. Prince of Huaiyang Daoxuan — Daoxuan was a cousin of Emperor Gaozu on the paternal line. His grandfather Hui had served as area commander of Xiazhou under the Sui. At the start of the Tang he was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Yong. His father Zhi was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Henan. In 618 Daoxuan was enfeoffed Prince of Huaiyang and appointed to the Right Thousand-Ox Guard. At fifteen he followed Taizong against Song Jingang at Jiezhou, was first over the ramparts and through the enemy line. Taizong was impressed and rewarded him with a thousand bolts of goods. He later campaigned against Wang Shichong and won battle after battle. When Dou Jiande reached Hulao, Taizong used light cavalry as bait. Daoxuan led hidden troops along the left flank. When the enemy closed in, they were pursued and broken. At Sishui he fought under Taizong again, halberd in hand, smashing through the line, circling behind the enemy, scattering their ranks, and charging back through them. Taizong was delighted and gave Daoxuan a spare chariot of his own. Riding again with Taizong into the enemy, he entered and withdrew twice while arrows fell like rain and bristled like a hedgehog's quills. His fury only sharpened. Every man he shot fell at the twang of his bow. When Luoyang was pacified, he was made area commander of Luozhou. When the area command was abolished, he was reassigned as prefect of Luozhou. In 622, when Liu Heita led Turks into Hebei, Daoxuan was again made Commander on Campaign of the Shandong Circuit. His army encamped at Xiabo, where it met the rebels. Daoxuan led the cavalry charge himself and ordered his deputy Shi Wanbao to bring up the main force. Wanbao resented him. When Daoxuan pressed deep into the enemy lines, Wanbao held the main force back. He told his intimates, "I carry a handwritten edict saying that although the Huaiyang boy bears the title of general, advance and halt are mine to decide. He is reckless—crossing marshland to fight. If we march the main force forward, we will bog down. Better to hold formation and wait. That may harm the prince, but it will serve the state. Daoxuan was taken by the enemy and his whole force wiped out. Only Wanbao escaped. Daoxuan was killed. He was nineteen. Taizong mourned him for a long while. Once he told his ministers at ease, "Daoxuan followed me everywhere. He watched me plunge deep into enemy lines and win wherever I turned, and he wanted to be like me. That is why he charged first in every battle—he was learning from me. It is a pity he was so young and never lived to achieve great things. He wept as he spoke. He was posthumously made Left Guard Cavalry General-in-Chief and given the posthumous name Zhuang, meaning Bold. He had no sons. An edict enfeoffed his younger brother Daoming, Duke of Wudu, as Prince of Huaiyang to maintain Daoxuan's ancestral rites. Daoming rose through successive posts to Left Guard Cavalry General. While escorting Princess Honghua back to her people he let slip that she was not Taizong's daughter. His title was stripped and his fief abolished. He later died as prefect of Yanzhou. Daoxuan's paternal cousin — Prince of Jiangxia Daozong was Daoxuan's paternal cousin. His father Shao was posthumously enfeoffed Prince of Dongping and given the posthumous title Minister of Revenue. In 618 Daozong was enfeoffed Duke of Lueyang and entered service as Left Thousand-Ox Guard attendant. Campaigning against Liu Wuzhou, he fought at Dusuoyuan. The Tang army was defeated and the rebels pressed toward Hedong. Daozong was seventeen. He followed Taizong in leading troops to resist them. From the walls of Yubi, Taizong surveyed the enemy and turned to Daozong. "They rely on numbers and want to force us into battle. What do you advise? Daozong answered, "They come flush with victory—their momentum cannot be met head on. They can be broken by stratagem, not by force. Fortify the walls and raise the ramparts to blunt their attack; a rabble like this cannot hold together. When their grain runs out they will break apart, and we can take them without fighting. Taizong said, "Your counsel matches my own. The rebels did run out of supplies and fled by night. Taizong caught them at Jiezhou and destroyed them in a single battle. He later helped pacify Dou Jiande and defeat Wang Shichong and distinguished himself again and again. In 622 he was appointed area commander of Lingzhou. Liang Shidou held Xiazhou and sent his brother Luoren with tens of thousands of Turk horsemen to the city walls. Daozong shut the gates and held firm, then struck when he saw an opening and routed the enemy. Gaozu praised the feat and told Vice Director Pei Ji and Central Secretariat Director Xiao Yu, "Daozong can now defend the frontier and defeat larger forces with smaller ones. Long ago Prince Zhang of Rencheng drove back the enemy in person on the battlefield. Daozong's courage is the same. He was thereupon enfeoffed Prince of Rencheng. Earlier the Turks had allied with Liang Shidou. Their chieftain Yushe settled in the old Wuyuan territory, and Daozong drove him out. He made a display of force, pushed the border more than a thousand li, and won over the frontier peoples.
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貞觀元年,征拜鴻臚卿,歷左領軍、大理卿。 時太宗將經略突厥,又拜靈州都督。 三年,為大同道行軍總管。 遇李靖襲破頡利可汗,頡利以十餘騎來奔其部。 道宗引兵逼之,征其執送頡利。 頡利以數騎夜走,匿於荒谷,沙鈐羅懼,馳追獲之,遣使送於京師。 以功賜實封六百戶,召拜刑部尚書。 吐谷渾寇邊,詔右僕射李靖為昆丘道行軍大總管,道宗與吏部尚書侯君集為之副。 賊聞兵至,走入嶂山,已行數千里。 諸將議欲息兵,道宗固請追討,李靖然之,而君集不從。 道宗遂率偏師並行倍道,去大軍十日,追及之。 賊據險苦戰,道宗潛遣千餘騎逾山襲其後,賊表裡受敵,一時奔潰。 十二年,遷禮部尚書,改封江夏王。 尋坐贓下獄。 太宗謂侍臣曰:「朕富有四海,士馬如林,欲使轍跡周宇內,遊觀無休息,絕域采奇玩,海外訪珍羞,豈不得耶? 勞萬姓而樂一人,朕所不取也。 人心無厭,唯當以理制之。 道宗俸料甚高,宴賜不少,足有餘財,而貪婪如此,使人嗟惋,豈不鄙乎!」 遂免官,削封邑。 十三年,起為茂州都督,未行,轉晉州刺史。 十四年,復拜禮部尚書。 時侯君集立功於高昌,自負其才,潛有異志。 道宗嘗因侍宴,從容言曰:「君集智小言大,舉止不倫,以臣觀之,必為戎首。」 太宗曰:「何以知之?」 對曰:「見其恃有微功,深懷矜伐,恥在房玄齡、李靖之下。 雖為吏部尚書,未滿其志,非毀時賢,常有不平之語。」 太宗曰:「不可億度,浪生猜貳。 其功勳才用,無所不堪,朕豈惜重位? 第未到耳。」 俄而君集謀反誅,太宗笑謂道宗曰:「君集之事,果如公所揣。」 及大軍討高麗,令道宗與李靖為前鋒,濟遼水,克蓋牟城。 逢賊兵大至,軍中僉欲深溝保險,待太宗至徐進,道宗曰:「不可。 賊赴急遠來,兵實疲頓,恃眾輕我,一戰必摧。 昔耿弇不以賊遺君父,我既職在前軍,當須清道以待輿駕。」 李靖然之。 乃與壯士數十騎直衝賊陣,左右出入,靖因合擊,大破之。 太宗至,深加賞勞,賜奴婢四十人。 又築土山攻安市城,土山崩,道宗失於部署,為賊所據。 歸罪於果毅傅伏愛,斬之。 道宗跣行詣旗下請罪,太宗曰:「漢武殺王恢,不如秦穆赦孟明,土山之失,且非其罪。」 舍而不問。 道宗在陣損足,太宗親為其針,賜以御膳。 二十一年,以疾請居閒職,轉太常卿。 永徽元年,加授特進,增實封並前六百戶。 四年,房遺愛伏誅,長孫無忌、褚遂良素與道宗不協,上言道宗與遺愛交結,配流象州。 道病卒,年五十四。 及無忌、遂良得罪,詔復其官爵。 道宗晚年頗好學,敬慕賢士,不以地勢凌人,宗室中唯道宗及河間王孝恭昆季最為當代所重。
In 627 he was summoned to court as Minister of Ceremonial, later serving as Left Army commander and Minister of Justice. As Taizong prepared campaigns against the Turks, Daozong was again made Metropolitan Protector of Lingzhou. In 629 he became Commander on Campaign of the Datong Circuit. When Li Jing's surprise attack broke Jieli Khan, Jieli fled with a dozen horsemen toward Daozong's command. Daozong advanced and ordered the local tribes to seize Jieli and send him in. Jieli slipped away by night with a few riders and hid in a desolate valley. Shaqiluo, fearing reprisals, rode in pursuit, captured him, and sent him to the capital. For this he received a fief of six hundred households and was made Minister of Justice. When Tuyuhun raided the frontier, Li Jing was made Great Commander on the Kunqiu Circuit, with Daozong and Minister of Civil Appointments Hou Junji as his deputies. Hearing the army approach, the enemy fled into the Zhang Mountains, already thousands of li away. The other generals wanted to halt the campaign. Daozong insisted on pursuit. Li Jing agreed, but Hou Junji refused. Daozong led a detached column by forced marches on a parallel route and caught the enemy ten days ahead of the main army. The enemy fought from strong ground. Daozong secretly sent a thousand horsemen over the mountains to strike their rear. Caught between two forces, they broke and fled. In 638 he was transferred to Minister of Rites and enfeoffed Prince of Jiangxia. Soon afterward he was imprisoned on corruption charges. Taizong told his ministers, "I possess the four seas and armies without number. If I wished to ride my chariot to every corner of the realm, tour without rest, gather rare curios from distant lands, and feast on delicacies from beyond the sea—could I not? But I will not weary my people for my own pleasure. Human desire knows no limit. It must be held in check by principle. Daozong's salary is generous and his banquets plentiful. He has more than enough wealth, yet he grasped for more. It is lamentable—and contemptible! He was dismissed from office and his fief was reduced. In 639 he was recalled as Metropolitan Protector of Maozhou. Before he could take up the post, he was transferred to prefect of Jinzhou. In 640 he was again appointed Minister of Rites. Hou Junji had distinguished himself in the conquest of Gaochang. Confident in his abilities, he secretly harbored treacherous ambitions. At a court banquet Daozong said calmly, "Junji's wit is small but his talk is grand, and his behavior is unseemly. In my view, he will lead a rebellion. Taizong asked, "How can you tell? Daozong answered, "He takes pride in modest achievements, boasts of them openly, and resents ranking below Fang Xuanling and Li Jing. Even as Minister of Civil Appointments his ambitions are unsatisfied. He speaks ill of worthy contemporaries and often voices bitter complaints. Taizong said, "One must not speculate rashly and breed needless suspicion. His achievements and talent qualify him for the highest posts. Would I stint on rank? The time simply has not come yet. Soon Hou Junji was executed for treason. Taizong smiled and told Daozong, "Junji's case proved exactly as you foresaw. When the main army marched against Goguryeo, Daozong and Li Jing led the vanguard, crossed the Liao River, and took Gaemu City. When a large enemy force appeared, the officers all wanted to entrench and hold strong ground until Taizong arrived. Daozong said, "We cannot do that. They have marched far in haste and their troops are exhausted. They rely on numbers and underestimate us. One strike will break them. Geng Yan refused to leave the enemy for his sovereign. As vanguard commander it is my duty to clear the way for the emperor's march. Li Jing agreed. He took several dozen picked horsemen and charged straight into the enemy lines, wheeling in and out. Li Jing joined the attack and they routed the enemy. When Taizong arrived he praised Daozong lavishly and granted him forty household slaves. They also raised an earthen mound to assault Ancheng. The mound collapsed. Daozong's dispositions failed, and the enemy seized it. He blamed Brave Corps Officer Fu Fu'ai and had him executed. Daozong went barefoot to the command banner to accept punishment. Taizong said, "When Emperor Wu executed Wang Hui he acted less wisely than Duke Mu of Qin, who pardoned Meng Ming. The loss of the mound was not wholly your fault. He dismissed the matter without further punishment. Daozong was wounded in the foot during battle. Taizong personally stitched the wound and gave him food from the imperial table. In 647, citing illness, he asked for a less demanding post and was made Minister of Ceremonial. In 650 he was given the honorific title Special Advance and his fief income was raised to six hundred households in all. In 653, when Fang Yiai was executed, Zhangsun Wuji and Chu Suiliang—long at odds with Daozong—accused him of conspiring with Yiai. He was exiled to Xiangzhou. He fell ill on the journey and died at fifty-four. After Wuji and Suiliang themselves were condemned, an edict restored Daozong's ranks and titles. In later life Daozong devoted himself to learning, admired men of talent, and never bullied others with his rank. Among the imperial clan, he and Prince Xiaogong of Hejian and his brothers were the most respected men of their time.
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道宗子景恆,降封盧國公,官至相州刺史。 隴西王博乂隴西王博乂,高祖兄子也。 高祖長兄曰澄,次曰湛,次曰洪,並早卒。 武德初,追封澄為梁王,湛為蜀王,洪為鄭王。 澄、洪並無後,博乂即湛第二子也。 武德元年受封。 高祖時,歷宗正卿、禮部尚書,加特進。 博乂有妓妾數百人,皆衣羅綺,食必粱肉,朝夕纟玄歌自娛,驕侈無比。 與其弟渤海王奉慈俱為高祖所鄙,帝謂曰:「我怨仇有善,猶擢以不次,況於親戚而不委任? 聞汝等唯暱近小人,好為不軌,先王墳典,不聞習學。 今賜絹二百匹,可各買經史習讀,務為善事。」 咸亨二年薨,贈開府儀同三司、荊州都督,謚曰恭。 奉慈,武德初,封渤海王。 顯慶中,累遷原州都督,薨,謚曰敬。 【論】史臣曰:無私於物,物亦公焉。 高祖才定中原,先封疏屬,致廬江為叛,神通爭功,封德彝論之於前,房玄齡譏之於後。 若河間機謀深沉,識度弘遠,縱虛舟而降蕭銑,飲妖血而平公祏,入朝定君臣之分,賣第為子孫之謀,善始令終,論功行賞,即無私矣。 或問曰:「水變為血,信妖矣; 竟成功而無咎者,何也?」 答曰:河間節貫神明,志匡宗社,故妖不勝德明矣。 道宗軍謀武勇,好學下賢,於群從之中,稱一時之傑。 無忌、遂良銜不協之素,致千載之冤。 永徽中,無忌、遂良忠而獲罪,人皆哀之。 殊不知誣陷劉洎、吳王恪於前,枉害道宗於後,天網不漏,不得其死也宜哉!
Daozong's son Jingheng was demoted to Duke of Lu and rose to prefect of Xiangzhou. Prince Boyi of Longxi — Boyi was Emperor Gaozu's nephew. Gaozu's elder brothers were, in order, Cheng, Zhan, and Hong. All died young. At the start of the Tang, Cheng was posthumously enfeoffed Prince of Liang, Zhan Prince of Shu, and Hong Prince of Zheng. Cheng and Hong left no heirs. Boyi was Zhan's second son. He received his title in 618. Under Gaozu he served as Director of the Imperial Clan and Minister of Rites and received the honorific Special Advance. Boyi kept several hundred courtesans and concubines, all dressed in silk and fed on fine grain and meat. Day and night he entertained himself with song and music, living in unmatched arrogance and extravagance. He and his brother Prince Fengci of Bohai were both held in contempt by Gaozu. The emperor told them, "When even my enemies prove capable I promote them ahead of their turn. How much more should I trust my own kin—yet I do not? I hear that you keep company only with petty men, delight in misconduct, and never study the classics of the ancients. I grant you two hundred bolts of silk apiece. Buy the classics and histories and study them. Devote yourselves to worthy conduct. He died in 671. He was posthumously made Grand Master of the Palace with Purse-Strings and Metropolitan Protector of Jingzhou, with the posthumous name Gong, meaning Respectful. Fengci was enfeoffed Prince of Bohai at the start of the Tang. During the Xianqing era he rose to Metropolitan Protector of Yuanzhou. He died and was given the posthumous name Jing, meaning Reverent. Commentary: The historiographer writes: When one shows no partiality toward others, others in turn show none toward him. Gaozu had scarcely pacified the Central Plain when he enfeoffed distant kinsmen, provoking rebellion at Lujiang and quarrels over credit from Li Shentong. Feng Deyi criticized the policy early on, and Fang Xuanling mocked it later. Prince Xiaogong of Hejian was deep in counsel and broad in vision. He emptied his boats to take Xiao Xian and drank blood-tainted water to subdue Fu Gongshi. At court he upheld the proper order between sovereign and subject, sold his mansion to provide for his descendants, and ended as well as he began. When merit was weighed and rewards granted, he showed no partiality. Someone asked, "When water turned to blood, that was surely an evil omen. Yet he succeeded without suffering for it. Why? The answer was: Prince Xiaogong of Hejian was integrity itself, devoted to restoring the dynasty. An evil omen could not overcome such manifest virtue. Daozong combined military skill with courage, loved learning, and honored worthy men. Among the imperial cousins he was hailed as the outstanding man of his generation. Wuji and Suiliang, nursing old grudges against him, inflicted a wrong that would echo for a thousand years. During the Yonghui era Wuji and Suiliang were loyal yet condemned, and all the realm mourned them. They forgot that they had already framed Liu Ji and Prince Ke of Wu, and later wrongfully destroyed Daozong. Heaven's net misses nothing. That they did not die natural deaths was only fitting!
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贊曰:疏屬盡封,啟亂害公。 河間孝恭,獨稱軍功。
In praise: Enfeoffing every distant kinsman bred rebellion and harmed the state. Only Prince Xiaogong of Hejian won true distinction in arms.