1
開平二年正月癸酉，帝御金祥殿，受宰臣文武百官及諸籓屏陪臣稱賀，諸道貢舉一百五十七人，見於崇元門。 封從子友甯為安王，友倫為密王。 幽州劉守文進海東鷹鶻、蕃馬、氈罽、方物。
On guiyou in the first month of Kaiping 2 the Emperor presided at Jinxian Hall while chief ministers, the full civil and military establishment, and envoys from the circuits offered congratulations; one hundred fifty-seven circuit tribute graduates were presented at Chongyuan Gate. He enfeoffed his nephews Youning as Prince of An and Youlun as Prince of Mi. Liu Shouwen of Youzhou sent sea-eastern hawks and falcons, frontier horses, felt rugs, and regional tribute.
2
自去冬少雪，春深農事方興，久無時雨。 兼慮有災疾，帝深軫下民，二月，命庶官遍祀於群望，掩瘞暴露，令近鎮案古法以禳祈，旬日乃雨。 是月弑濟陰王。 帝以上黨未收，因議撫巡，便往西都赴郊禋之禮。 乃下令曉告中外，取三月一日離東京，以宰臣韓建權判建昌宮事，《五代會要》：十月，以尚書兵部侍郎李皎為建昌宮副使。 兵部侍郎姚洎為鹵簿使，開封尹、博王友文為東都留守。 辛未，契丹主安巴堅遣使貢良馬。
Snow had been scarce since the previous winter; with spring well advanced and the fields busy, timely rain still had not come. Fearing disease as well, the Emperor grieved for the people. In the second month he ordered officials throughout the realm to sacrifice at the territorial shrines, bury the unburied dead, and had neighboring commands perform the old rites of expiation; rain came within ten days. That month the Prince of Jiyin was murdered. With Shangdang still unconquered, he discussed a tour of the front and intended to go west for the suburban rites. He proclaimed to court and realm that he would leave the Eastern Capital on the first day of the third month, with chief minister Han Jian acting administrator of Jianchang Palace. 《Institutional Essentials of the Five Dynasties》 records that in the tenth month Li Jiao, vice minister of war, was made deputy administrator of Jianchang Palace. Yao Ji, vice minister of war, was made master of regalia; the Prince of Bo, Youwen, prefect of Kaifeng, was named eastern capital regent. On xinwei the Khitan ruler Abaoji sent envoys with fine horses.
3
三月壬申，帝親統六軍，巡幸澤、潞。 是日寅時，車駕西幸，宰臣並要切司局皆扈從，晚次中牟。 下詔，以去年六月後，昭義行營陣歿都將吏卒死于王事，追念忠赤，乃錄其名氏，各下本軍，令給養妻孥，三年內官給糧賜。 丁丑，幸澤州。 辛巳，以同州節度使劉知俊為潞州行營招討使。 壬午，宴扈駕群臣並勞知俊，賜以金帶、戰袍、寶劍、茶藥。 甲申，登東北隅逍遙樓搜閱騎乘，旌甲滿野。 丙申，招討使劉知俊上章請車駕還東京，蓋小郡湫隘，非久駐蹕之所。 達覽，帝俞其請。 以鴻臚卿李肼唐室宗屬，封萊國公，為二王后。 有司奏：「萊國公李肼合留三廟，於西都選地位建立廟宇，以備四仲祀祭，命度支供給，以遵彝典。」
On renshen in the third month the Emperor personally led the Six Armies to tour Ze and Lu. That day at dawn the imperial train set out west, chief ministers and every critical bureau in attendance; by evening it halted at Zhongmou. An edict recalled that since the sixth month of the previous year, officers and men of the Zhaoyi campaign who had fallen in service should have their names recorded and sent to their home armies so wives and children would be provided for, with state grain and stipends for three years. On dingchou he reached Ze Prefecture. On xinsi Liu Zhijun, military governor of Tongzhou, was appointed pacification commissioner for the Lu campaign. On renchen he feasted the accompanying officials and honored Zhijun with gold belts, battle robes, treasured swords, tea, and medicines. On jiashen he climbed the Leisure Tower in the northeast corner to review horse and rider; banners and armor filled the plain. On bingshen Liu Zhijun, pacification commissioner, memorialized that the Emperor should return to the Eastern Capital—the prefecture was too small and cramped for a prolonged stay. The Emperor approved. Li Pin of the Banquets Office, being of Tang imperial blood, was enfeoffed Duke of Lai and installed as one of the two former dynasties. The relevant offices reported that Duke of Lai Li Pin should keep three temples; at the Western Capital a site was to be chosen for temple buildings for the four seasonal sacrifices, with the Department of Revenue supplying costs according to precedent.
4
四月，以吏部侍郎于兢為中書侍郎、平章事，以翰林奉旨學士張策為刑部侍郎、平章事。 時帝在澤州，拜二相於行在。 丙午，車駕離澤州。 丁未，駐蹕於懷州，宴宰臣文武百官。 辛亥，至鄭州。 壬子，至東京。 丙寅，車駕幸繁台觀稼。 鄢陵居人程震以兩歧麥穗並畫圖來進。 甲寅，淮寇侵軼潭、嶽邊境，欲援朗州，以戰艦百餘艘揚帆西上，泊鼎口。 湖南馬殷遣水軍都將黃瑀率樓船遮擊之，賊眾沿流宵遁，追至鹿角鎮。 詔以戶部尚書致仕裴迪復為右僕射。 迪敏事慎言，達吏治，明籌算。 帝初建節旄於夷門，迪一謁見如故知，乃辟為從事。 自是之後，曆三十年，委四鎮租賦、兵籍、帑廩、官吏、獄訟、賞罰、經費、運漕，事無巨細，皆得專之。 帝每出師，即知軍州事，逮于二紀，不出梁之闉閎，甚有裨贊之道。 禪代之歲，命為太常卿，屬年已耆耄，視聽昏塞，不任朝謁。 遂請老，許之。 期月復起，師長庶官焉。
In the fourth month Yu Jing, vice minister of personnel, became vice director of the Secretariat and chief councilor; Zhang Ce, Hanlin academician recipient of edicts, became vice minister of justice and chief councilor. The Emperor was then at Ze Prefecture and invested the two chancellors at the traveling court. On bingwu the imperial train left Ze Prefecture. On dingwei it halted at Huai Prefecture and feasted chief ministers and the full establishment. On xinhai it reached Zheng Prefecture. On renzi it reached the Eastern Capital. On bingyin the Emperor visited Fantai to inspect the crops. Cheng Zhen of Yanling presented double-eared wheat and submitted a painted illustration. On jiayin Huai rebels raided Tan and Yue, aiming to relieve Lang Prefecture; over a hundred warships sailed west and anchored at Dingkou. Ma Yin of Hunan sent naval commander Huang Yu with tower ships to intercept them; the rebels fled downstream by night and were pursued to Lujiao Fort. An edict recalled Pei Di, retired minister of revenue, as right vice director of the Department of State. Di was diligent and discreet, expert in administration, and skilled at accounts. When the Emperor first raised his banner at Yimen, Di called once and was welcomed like an old friend, then taken on as staff officer. For thirty years thereafter he held sole charge of the tax rolls, military registers, treasuries, officials, lawsuits, rewards and punishments, expenses, and transport of four circuits—nothing large or small escaped him. Whenever the Emperor campaigned, Di handled military and civil affairs; for two reigns he scarcely left the inner city of Liang, and his counsel proved invaluable. In the year of the transfer of the mandate he was made minister of sacrifices; by then he was old, his sight and hearing failing, and unfit for court. He asked to retire and was allowed. A month later he was recalled to head the civil service.
5
五月丁丑，王師圍潞州將及二年，李進通危在旦夕，不俟攻擊，當自降。 太原李存勖以厚幣誘結北蕃諸部，並其境內丁壯，悉驅南征決戰，以救上黨之急。 部落帳族，馳馬勵兵，數路齊進，於銅鞮樹寨，旗壘相望。 王師敗於潞州。 己丑，令下諸州，去年有蝗蟲下子處，蓋前冬無雪，今春亢陽，致為災沴，實傷壟畝。 必慮今秋重困稼穡，自知多在荒陂榛蕪之內，所在長吏各須分配地界，精加翦撲，以絕根本。 壬辰夜，火星犯月。 太史奏，災合在荊楚。 乃令設武備，寬刑罰，恤人禁暴以禳之。 軍前行營都將康懷英、孫海金以下主將四十三人，於右銀台門進狀待罪。 帝以去年發軍之日不利，有違兵法，並釋放，兼各賜分物酒食勞問。 制：義昌軍節度使劉守文加中書令，封大彭王； 盧龍軍節度使劉守光封河間郡王； 許州節度使馮行襲封長樂王。 是月癸未，淮賊寇荊州石首縣，襄陽舉舟師沿瀺港襲敗之。
On dingchou in the fifth month the imperial army had besieged Lu Prefecture for nearly two years; Li Jintong was at the end of his rope and would surely surrender without a storm. Li Cunxu of Taiyuan bought off the northern tribes with rich gifts and drove every able man in his realm south for a decisive battle to break the siege of Shangdang. Tribal chiefs and clan leaders spurred their horses and sharpened arms; several columns advanced together; at Tongdi they pitched camp after camp, banners and walls in sight of one another. The imperial army was defeated at Lu Prefecture. On jichou orders went to every prefecture: where locusts had laid eggs the year before, the snowless winter and spring drought had bred disaster and ravaged the fields. Fearing worse harm in autumn, and knowing the eggs lay chiefly in overgrown wasteland, each local magistrate was to mark boundaries and cut and burn thoroughly to destroy them at the root. On renchen night Mars crossed the moon. The astrologers reported the omen would strike Jing and Chu. He ordered military readiness, lighter punishments, mercy for the people, and an end to violence to avert the omen. Kang Huaiying, Sun Haijin, and forty-one other forward commanders submitted memorials accepting blame at the Right Silver Terrace Gate. The Emperor held that the day of dispatch the year before had been ill-chosen and against military law; he released them all and gave each gifts of provisions, wine, and food in consolation. An edict promoted Liu Shouwen, military governor of Yichang, to chief councilor and enfeoffed him King of Dapeng; Liu Shouguang, military governor of Lulong, was enfeoffed Prince of Hejian; Feng Xingxi, military governor of Xuzhou, was enfeoffed Prince of Changle. That month on guiwei Huai rebels raided Shishou in Jing Prefecture; Xiangyang sent river forces up Chan Harbor and defeated them.
6
六月辛亥，以亢陽，慮時政之闕，乃詔曰：「邇者下民喪禮，法吏舞文，銓衡既失於選求，州鎮又無其舉刺，風俗未厚，獄訟實繁，職此之由，上遭天譴。」 至是，決遣囚徒及戒勵中外。 丙寅，月犯角宿。 帝以其分野在兗州，乃令長吏治戎事，設武備，省獄訟，恤疲病，祈福禳災，以順天戒。 丙辰，邠、岐來寇，雍西編戶困於逃避，且芟害禾稼，結營自固。 逾月，同州劉知俊領所部兵擊退，襲至幕穀，大破之，俘斬千計，收其器甲，宋文通僅以身免。 詔曰：「敦尚儉素，抑有前聞，斥去浮華，期臻至理。 如聞近日貢奉，競務奢淫，或奇巧蕩心，或雕鐫溢目，徒殫資用，有費工庸。 此後應諸道進獻，不得以金寶裝飾戈甲劍戟。 至於鞍勒，不用塗金及雕刻龍鳳。 如有此色，所司不得引進。」 邕州奏，鏌鎁山僧法通、道璘有道行，冬賜紫衣。 是月壬戌，岳州為淮賊所據。 帝以此郡五嶺、三湘水陸會合之地，委輸商賈，靡不由斯，遂令荊湘湖南北舉舟師同力致討。 王師既集，淮夷毀壁焚郭而遁。
On xinhai in the sixth month, with drought persisting and fearing flaws in governance, an edict declared: "Lately the people neglect mourning, clerks twist the law, appointments fail in selection, and circuits no longer investigate wrongdoing; customs are thin and lawsuits abound—for this Heaven rebukes us. Prisoners were then judged and released, and court and realm were admonished. On bingyin the moon crossed the Horn mansion. His allotted region being Yan Prefecture, he ordered local magistrates to ready arms, strengthen defenses, lighten lawsuits, succor the sick, and pray and expiate to heed Heaven's warning. On bingchen Bin and Qi raided; registered households in western Yong were harried in flight while crops were cut and camps fortified. After more than a month Liu Zhijun of Tongzhou led his troops to drive them off, struck to Mugou, and routed them; over a thousand were captured or killed and their arms taken; Song Wentong barely escaped. An edict declared: "Thrift and simplicity have long been honored; driving out extravagance is the path to good order. It was reported that recent tribute competed in luxury—curios to unsettle the mind or carving and inlay to dazzle the eye—wasting wealth and labor. Henceforth no circuit might present spears, halberds, swords, or ji decorated with gold or jewels. Saddles and bridles might not be gilded or carved with dragons and phoenixes. Such items were not to be received. Yong Prefecture reported that monks Fatong and Daolin of Moye Mountain possessed the Way; in winter they were granted purple robes. That month on renxu Yue Prefecture fell to Huai rebels. Because the command lay where the Five Ridges and the three Xiang met by land and water and all merchant traffic passed, he ordered the Hunan and Hubei commands of Jing and Xiang to raise river forces for a joint attack. When the imperial army gathered, the Huai rebels tore down their walls, burned the suburbs, and fled.
7
秋七月甲戌，大霖雨，陂澤泛溢，頗傷稼穡，帝幸右天武軍河亭觀水； 幸高僧台閱禁衛六軍。 詔曰：「車服以庸，古之制也； 貴賤無別，罪莫大焉。 應內外將相，許以銀飾鞍勒，其剌史都將內諸司使以降，只取用銅，冀定尊卑，永為條制。 仍令執法官糾察之。」 《五代會要》載七月敕曰：祭祀之儀，有國大事，如聞官吏慢于恪恭，牲具禮容有異精審，宜令御史台疏其條件奏聞。 癸巳，以禪代已來，思求賢哲，乃下令搜訪牢籠之，期以好爵，待以優榮，各隨其材，咸使登用。 宜令所在長吏，切加搜訪，每得其人，則疏姓名以聞。 如在下位不能自振者，有司薦導之； 如任使後顯立功勞，別加遷陟。 敕禁屠宰兩月。 甲午，以高明門外繁台為講武台。 是台西漢梁孝王之時，嘗按歌閱樂於此，當時因名曰吹台。 其後有繁氏居於其側，里人乃以姓呼之，時代綿寢，雖官吏亦從俗焉。 帝每登眺，搜乘訓戎，宰臣以是事奏而名之。
On jiaxu in the seventh month heavy rains flooded marshes and lakes and damaged the crops; the Emperor visited the river pavilion of the Right Heavenly Martial Army to view the flood; then Gaoseng Terrace to review the palace guard Six Armies. An edict declared: "Carriages and dress mark merit—such was the ancient rule; when noble and base are undistinguished, the offense is grave. Generals and chancellors within and without might use silver-trimmed saddles and bridles; prefects, commanders, inner commissioners, and those below were limited to copper, fixing rank for all time. Enforcement officers were to investigate violations. 《Institutional Essentials of the Five Dynasties》 records a seventh-month edict: Sacrifice is a great affair of state; officials are said to be lax in reverence and offerings and ritual vessels careless—the Censorate was to list particulars and report. On guisi, since the founding of the dynasty, seeking worthy men, the Emperor ordered a broad search, promising fine rank and generous treatment, each employed according to talent. Local magistrates were to search diligently and report each name found. Those in low station who could not advance on their own were to be recommended and guided; if after appointment he achieved merit, he was to be promoted further. Slaughter was forbidden for two months. On jiawu Fantai outside Gaoming Gate was renamed the Drill Terrace. In Han times Prince Xiao of Liang had held song and reviewed music there; it was then called the Terrace of Song. Later a family named Fan settled beside it and neighbors called it by their name; in time even officials followed custom. Whenever the Emperor climbed it to review horses and train troops, the chief ministers memorialized on the matter and gave it the new name.
8
八月辛亥，敕應有暴露骸骨，各委差人埋瘞。 兩浙錢鏐奏，請重鑄換諸州新印。 詔禁戢諸軍節級兵士及供奉官受旨殿直以下各修禮敬。 甲寅，太史奏，壽星見於南方。 兩浙錢鏐奏，改管內紫極宮為真聖觀，改臨安縣廣義鄉為衣錦鄉。 《十國春秋》、《吳越世家》：八月，梁敕封唐山縣為吳昌縣，唐興縣為天臺縣。 又敕升杭、越等州為大都督府。 復改新城縣曰新登，長城縣曰長興，樂成曰樂清，避梁諱也。 甲子夜，東方有大流星，光明燭地，有聲如裂帛。 唐州上言，白龍見，圖形以進。
On xinhai in the eighth month an edict ordered exposed bones buried wherever found. Qian Liu of the two Zhes asked to recast and exchange new seals for the prefectures. An edict forbade soldiers of all armies, rank-and-file troops, and palace attendants of recipient rank and below to neglect ritual respect. On jiayin the astrologers reported the longevity star in the south. Qian Liu of the two Zhes reported renaming the Purple Pole Palace within his circuit the Abbey of the True Sage and Guangyi Township of Lin'an Brocade Robe Township. 《Spring and Autumn of the Ten States》 and 《House of Wu and Yue》 record that in the eighth month Liang edicts renamed Tangshan County Wuchang and Tangxing County Tiantai. Another edict promoted Hang, Yue, and other prefectures to great protectorates. Xincheng was again named Xindeng, Changcheng Changxing, and Yuecheng Yueqing, avoiding Liang taboos. On jiazi night a great meteor blazed in the east, lighting the ground, with a sound like tearing silk. Tang Prefecture reported a white dragon sighted and sent up an illustration.
9
九月丙子，太原軍出陰地關南牧，寇掠郡縣，晉、絳有備。 帝慮諸將玩寇，乃下詔親議巡幸，命有司備行。 丁丑，翠華西狩，宰臣、翰林學士、崇政院使、金吾仗及諸司要切官皆扈從，余文武百官並在東京。 壬午，達洛陽。 帝御文思殿受朝參，許、汝、孟、懷牧守來朝，澤州刺史劉重霸面陳破敵之策。 癸未，西幸，宿新安。 丙戌，至陝州駐蹕，蒲、雍、同、華牧守皆進鎧甲、騎馬、戈戟、食味、方物。 幽州都將康君紹等十人自蕃賊寨內來投，又幽州騎將高彥章八十人騎先在并州，乃于晉州軍前來降。 至是到行在，皆賜分物衣服，放歸本道，以示懷服。 丁亥，至陳州，賜宴扈從官。 戊子，延州賊軍寇上平關，又太原軍攻平陽，烽火羽書，晝夜繼至。 乙丑，六軍統軍牛存節、黃文靖各領所部將士赴行在。 甲午，太原步騎數萬攻逼晉、絳，逾旬不克，知大軍至，乃自焚其寨，至夕而遁。 福州貢玳瑁琉璃犀象器，並珍玩、香藥、奇品、海味，色類良多，價累千萬。
On bingzi in the ninth month the Taiyuan army drove south of Yindi Pass to pasture and raided prefectures and counties; Jin and Jiang were prepared. Fearing his generals would grow lax, the Emperor issued an edict to discuss a personal tour and ordered preparations made. On dingchou the imperial train set out west; chief ministers, Hanlin academicians, Chongzheng commissioners, the Golden Guard, and critical bureaus accompanied; the rest of the establishment stayed at the Eastern Capital. On renchen he reached Luoyang. The Emperor held court at Wensi Hall; prefects of Xu, Ru, Meng, and Huai attended; Liu Zhongba, prefect of Ze, presented his plan to defeat the enemy in person. On guiwei he marched west and lodged at Xin'an. On bingxu he halted at Shan Prefecture; prefects of Pu, Yong, Tong, and Hua presented armor, horses, weapons, delicacies, and local tribute. Ten Youzhou commanders including Kang Junshao defected from the barbarian camp; eighty Youzhou horsemen under Gao Yanzhang, who had been at Bingzhou, surrendered before the Jin army. At the traveling court each received gifts of goods and clothing and was sent home to his circuit as a sign of conciliation. On dinghai he reached Chen Prefecture and feasted the accompanying officials. On wuzi Yan bandits raided Shangping Pass and the Taiyuan army attacked Pingyang; beacon fires and urgent dispatches arrived day and night. On yichou Niu Cunjie and Huang Wenjing, commanders of the Six Armies, each led their troops to the traveling court. On jiawu tens of thousands of Taiyuan foot and horse pressed Jin and Jiang; after ten days without success, learning the main army had arrived, they burned their camps and fled by nightfall. Fuzhou sent tortoiseshell, glass, rhinoceros horn, and ivory vessels, with curios, incense, rare goods, and seafood of many kinds worth tens of millions in all.
10
十月己亥，上在陝。 兩浙節度使奏，于常州東州鎮殺淮賊萬餘人，獲戰船一百二隻。 以行營左廂步軍指揮使賀瑰為左龍虎統軍，以左天武軍夾馬指揮使尹皓為輝州刺史，以右天武都頭韓瑭為神捷指揮使，左天武第三都頭胡賞為右神捷指揮使，仍賜帛有差，以解晉州圍之功也。 以尹皓部下五百人為神捷軍。 乙巳，禦內殿，宴宰臣扈從官共四十五人。 丙午，禦球場殿，宣夾馬都指揮使尹皓、韓瑭以下將士五百人，賜酒食。 庚戌，至西都，禦文思殿。 辛亥，宰臣百僚起居於殿前，遂宣赴內宴，賜方物有差。 丁巳，至東都。 己未，大明節，諸道節度刺史各進獻鞍馬、銀器、綾帛以祝壽，宰臣百官設齋相國寺。 壬戌，禦宣和殿，宴宰臣文武百官。
On jihai in the tenth month the Emperor was at Shan. The governor of the two Zhes reported killing over ten thousand Huai rebels at Dongzhou in Chang Prefecture and capturing one hundred two warships. He Gui, left-wing infantry commander of the campaign, became commander of the Left Dragon-Tiger Army; Yin Hao, polo commander of the Left Heavenly Martial Army, became prefect of Hui; Han Tang, chief of the Right Heavenly Martial Army, became commander of the Divine Swift Army; Hu Shang, third chief of the Left Heavenly Martial Army, became commander of the Right Divine Swift Army; silk was granted in varying amounts for breaking the siege of Jin. Five hundred men under Yin Hao were organized as the Divine Swift Army. On yisi he presided in the inner hall and feasted forty-five chief ministers and accompanying officials. On bingwu he took the ball-court hall, presented polo commander Yin Hao, Han Tang, and five hundred soldiers, and gave wine and food. On gengxu he reached the Western Capital and took Wensi Hall. On xinhai chief ministers and officials paid respects before the hall, then were summoned to an inner feast and given gifts in varying amounts. On dingsi he reached the Eastern Capital. On jiwei, the Great Bright Festival, circuit governors and prefects presented saddles, horses, silver, and silk for the Emperor's longevity; chief ministers and officials held a fast at Xiangguo Temple. On renxu he took Xuanhe Hall and feasted chief ministers and the full establishment.
11
十一月辛未，禦宣和殿，宴宰臣文武百官，以大駕還京故也。 庚辰，禦宣和殿，宴宰臣文武百官。 出開明門，登高僧台閱兵。 諸道節度使、刺史各進賀冬田器、鞍馬、綾羅等。 戊子，賜文武百官帛。 乙未，又宴宰臣文武百官于宣和殿。 《通鑒》，癸巳，中書侍郎、同平章事張策以刑部尚書致仕，以左僕射楊涉同平章事。
On xinwei in the eleventh month he feasted chief ministers and officials at Xuanhe Hall to mark the return of the imperial train to the capital. On gengchen he again feasted chief ministers and officials at Xuanhe Hall. He went out Kaiming Gate and climbed Gaoseng Terrace to review troops. Circuit governors and prefects each presented winter-farming tools, saddles, horses, silk, and the like. On wuzi he bestowed silk on civil and military officials. On yiwei he again feasted chief ministers and officials at Xuanhe Hall. 《Comprehensive Mirror》 records that on guisi Zhang Ce, vice director of the Secretariat and chief councilor, retired as minister of justice; Yang She, left vice director of the Department of State, became chief councilor.
12
十二月，立二王三恪。 南郊禮儀使狀：「伏以《詩》稱有客，《書》載虞賓，實因禪代之初，必行興繼之命。 俾之助祭，式表推恩，兼垂恪敬之文，別示優崇之典。 征于歷代，襲用舊章。 謹按唐朝以後魏元氏子孫韓國公為三恪，以周宇文氏子孫為介國公，隋朝楊氏子孫為酅國公，為二王后。 今伏以國家受禪，封唐朝子孫李肼為萊國公。 今參詳合以介國公為三恪，酅國公、萊國公為二王后。」 《五代會要》：十二月，改左右天武為龍虎軍，左右龍虎為天武軍，左右天威為羽林軍，左右羽林為天威軍，左右英武為神武軍，左右神武為英武軍。 前朝置龍虎六軍謂之衛士，至是以天武、神武、英武等六軍易其軍號而任勳舊焉。 癸丑，獵畋於含耀門外。
In the twelfth month the two former kings and the three with reverence were installed. The southern suburban rites commissioner reported: "The 《Odes》 speak of guests and the 《Documents》 record Yu's guest—at the founding of a new dynasty the mandate to continue the former line must be honored. Having them assist at sacrifice extends grace, displays reverent ritual, and marks preferential honor. Past dynasties followed the old regulations. Tang made a Yuan descendant of Northern Wei Duke of Han the three with reverence, a Yuwen descendant of Zhou Duke of Jie, and a Yang descendant of Sui Duke of Xi one of the two former kings. Since the state received the mandate, Tang descendant Li Pin had been enfeoffed Duke of Lai. After review Duke of Jie should be the three with reverence and Dukes of Xi and Lai the two former kings. 《Institutional Essentials of the Five Dynasties》 records that in the twelfth month the Left and Right Heavenly Martial became Dragon-Tiger Armies, Dragon-Tiger became Heavenly Martial, Heavenly Awe became Forest of Feathers, Forest of Feathers became Heavenly Awe, Heroic Martial became Divine Martial, and Divine Martial became Heroic Martial. The former court's six Dragon-Tiger armies had been called guards; now Heavenly Martial, Divine Martial, Heroic Martial, and the other six armies exchanged names and placed meritorious veterans in command. On guichou he hunted outside Hanyao Gate.
13
開平三年正月戊辰朔，帝御金祥殿，受宰臣、翰林學士稱賀，文武百官拜表於東上閣門。 己巳，奉遷太廟四室神主赴西京，太常儀仗鼓吹導引齋車，文武百官奉辭于開明門外。 甲戌，發東都，百官扈從，次中牟縣。 乙亥，次鄭州。 丙子，次汜水縣，河南尹張宗奭、河陽節度使張歸霸並來朝。 戊寅，次偃師縣。 己卯，備法駕、六軍儀仗入西都。 是日，禦文明殿受朝賀。 詔曰：「近年以來，風俗未泰，兵革且繁，正月燃燈，廢停已久。 今屬創開鴻業，初建洛陽，方在上春，務達陽氣，宜以正月十四、十五、十六日夜，開坊市門，一任公私燃燈祈福。」 庚寅，親享太廟。 辛卯，祀昊天上帝於園丘。 是日，降雪盈尺，帝升壇而雪霽。 禮畢，禦五鳳樓，宣制大赦天下。 賜南郊行事官禮儀使趙光逢以下分物。 甲午，上御文思殿宴群臣，賜金帛有差。 丙申，賜文武官帛有差。 命宣徽使王殷押絹一萬匹並茵褥幃帟二百六十件賜張宗奭。 《歐陽史》：丙申，群臣上尊號曰睿文聖武廣孝皇帝。 改西京貞觀殿為文明殿，含元殿為朝元殿。
On wuchen, New Year's Day of Kaiping 3, the Emperor presided at Jinxian Hall while chief ministers and Hanlin academicians offered congratulations; civil and military officials submitted memorials at the East Upper Gate. On jisi the spirit tablets of the four ancestral chambers were escorted west; the Directorate of Sacrifices led with ritual guards, drums, and music; officials took leave outside Kaiming Gate. On jiaxu he left the Eastern Capital with officials in attendance and halted at Zhongmou. On yihai he halted at Zheng Prefecture. On bingzi he halted at Sishui; Zhang Zongshi, prefect of Henan, and Zhang Guiba, governor of Heyang, both attended court. On wuyin he halted at Yanshi. On jimao the full imperial equipage and Six Army guards entered the Western Capital. That day he took Civilization Hall for court congratulations. An edict declared: "In recent years customs have not been at peace and war has been constant; the first-month lantern festival has long been suspended. Now, founding a great enterprise and establishing Luoyang, in early spring yang must prevail; on the fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth nights of the first month ward gates should open and all may light lamps and pray. On gengyin he offered at the Grand Ancestral Temple in person. On xinmao he sacrificed to August Heaven at the Round Mound. That day snow lay a foot deep; the Emperor ascended the altar and the sky cleared. When the rites ended he took Five Phoenix Tower and proclaimed a general amnesty. He gave gifts to Zhao Guangfeng, rites commissioner for the southern suburban ceremony, and his staff. On jiawu the Emperor feasted ministers at Wensi Hall and gave gold and silk in varying amounts. On bingshen he bestowed silk on civil and military officials in varying amounts. He ordered palace commissioner Wang Yin to deliver ten thousand bolts of silk and two hundred sixty sets of bedding and hangings to Zhang Zongshi. 《History of Ouyang》 records that on bingshen the ministers offered the honorific Emperor Sagely Cultured, Divinely Martial, and Broadly Filial. At the Western Capital Zhenguan Hall became Civilization Hall and Hanyuan Hall Court Audience Hall.
14
二月，改思政殿為金鑾殿。 敕東都曰：「自升州作府，建邑為都，未廣邦畿，頗虧國體。 其以滑州酸棗縣長垣縣、鄭州中牟縣陽武縣、宋州襄邑縣、曹州戴邑縣、許州扶溝縣鄢陵縣、陳州太康縣等九縣，宜並割屬開封府，仍升為畿縣。」 《輿地廣記》：硃梁時，楊氏據江、淮，於是吳越錢氏上言，以淮寇未平，恥聞逆姓，請改松陽縣為長松。 丁酉，宴群臣於崇勳殿。 甲辰，又宴群臣於崇勳殿，蓋籓臣進賀，勉而從之。 丙午，宗正寺請修興極、永安、光天、咸甯諸陵，並令添修上下宮殿、栽植松柏。 制可。 癸亥，敕：「豐沛之基，寢園所在，悽愴動關於情理，充奉自系于國章。 宜設陵台，兼升縣望。 其輝州碭山縣宜為赤縣，仍以本縣令兼四陵台令。」 同州節度使劉知俊奏，延州都指揮使高萬興部領節級家累三十八人來降。
In the second month Sizheng Hall was renamed Golden Hall. An edict to the Eastern Capital declared: "Since the prefecture was raised to a capital, the metropolitan domain has not been broadened, which diminishes the dignity of the state. Nine counties—Suanzao and Changyuan in Hua, Zhongmou and Yangwu in Zheng, Xiangyi in Song, Daiyi in Cao, Fugou and Yanling in Xu, and Taikang in Chen—were to be transferred to Kaifeng Prefecture and raised to metropolitan counties. 《Broad Record of Geography》 records that under Zhu Liang the Yang clan held the Jiang and Huai; Qian of Wu and Yue then asked, with Huai rebels still active, to rename Songyang Changsong rather than hear the rebel surname. On dingyou he feasted ministers at Chongxun Hall. On jiachen he feasted ministers again at Chongxun Hall at the urging of congratulatory envoys from the circuits. On bingwu the Court of the Imperial Clan asked to repair the tombs Xingji, Yong'an, Guangtian, and Xianning and to restore palace halls and plant pines and cypresses. Approved. On guihai an edict declared: "The foundation at Feng and Pei and the imperial tombs move the heart with grief and demand provision by state law. A tomb office should be established and the county's standing raised. Dangshan in Hui Prefecture should be a red county, its magistrate also holding the four tomb offices. Liu Zhijun, governor of Tongzhou, reported that Gao Wanxing, commander of Yan, led thirty-eight officers and families of rank to surrender."
15
三月，以萬興檢校司徒，為丹、延等州安撫、招討等使。 辛未，詔曰：「同州邊隅，繼有士眾歸化。 暫思巡撫，兼要指揮，今幸蒲、陝，取九日進發。」 甲戌，車駕發西都，百官奉辭于師子門外。 丁丑，次陝州。 己卯，次解縣。 河中節度使、冀王友謙來奉迎。 庚辰，至河中府。 幸右軍舊杏園講武。 丙戌，以朔方節度使、兼中書令韓遜為潁川王。 遜本靈州牙校，唐末據本鎮，朝廷因而授以節鉞。
In the third month Wanxing was made acting minister of works and pacification commissioner for Dan, Yan, and other prefectures. On xinwei an edict declared: "On the Tongzhou frontier soldiers and people have continued to submit. I wish to tour and pacify in person and to command; I now go to Pu and Shan and will set out in nine days. On jiaxu the imperial train left the Western Capital; officials took leave outside Shizi Gate. On dingchou he halted at Shan Prefecture. On jimao he halted at Jie County. He Zhong, governor of Hezhong and Prince of Ji, came to welcome him. On gengchen he reached Hezhong. He visited the Right Army's old apricot garden for military drill. On bingxu Han Xun, governor of Shuofang and concurrent chief councilor, was enfeoffed Prince of Yingchuan. Xun had been a guards officer of Lingzhou; at the end of Tang he held his command and the court granted him the seal of authority.
16
四月丙申朔，駐蹕河中。 壬寅辰時，駕巡於朝邑縣界焦黎店，冀王友謙及崇政內諸司使扈從，至申時回。 己亥，御前殿，宴宰臣及冀王友謙扈從官。 甲寅，宴宰臣及扈從官於內殿。 制：易定節度使王處直進封北平王，福建節度使王審知封閩王，廣州節度使劉隱封南平王，同州節度使劉知俊封大彭郡王，山南東道節度使楊師厚封宏農郡王。
On bingshen, the first of the fourth month, he encamped at Hezhong. On renchen at dawn the Emperor toured Jiaoli Shop on the Zhaoyi border with Prince of Ji He Zhong and inner commissioners; he returned at dusk. On jihai he took the front hall and feasted chief ministers and Prince of Ji He Zhong's party. On jiayin he feasted chief ministers and the accompanying party in the inner hall. Wang Chuzhi of Yiding was promoted Prince of Beiping; Wang Shenzhi of Fujian enfeoffed Prince of Min; Liu Yin of Guangzhou Prince of Nanping; Liu Zhijun of Tong Prince of Dapeng; Yang Shihou of Shannan East Prince of Hongnong.
17
五月乙丑朔，朝，遂命宰臣及文武百官宴於內殿。 己卯，車駕至西京。 癸未，禦崇勳殿，宴宰臣及文武官四品以上。 己丑，復禦崇勳殿，宴宰臣文武官四品以上。 升宋州為宣武軍節鎮，仍以亳、輝、潁為屬郡。
On yichou, the first of the fifth month, after court chief ministers and officials feasted in the inner hall. On jimao the imperial train reached the Western Capital. On guiwei he feasted chief ministers and officials of the fourth rank and above at Chongxun Hall. On jichou he again feasted chief ministers and officials of the fourth rank and above at Chongxun Hall. Song Prefecture was raised to Xuanwu Army command with Bo, Hui, and Ying as subordinate prefectures.
18
六月庚戌，同州節度使劉知俊據本郡反，制令削奪劉知俊在身官爵，仍徵發諸軍，速令進討。 如有軍前將士，懷忠烈以知機，賊內朋徒，憤脅從而識變，便能梟夷逆豎，擒獲凶渠，務立殊功，當行厚賞。 活捉得劉知俊者，賞錢一萬貫文，便授忠武軍節度使，並賜莊宅各一所； 如活捉得劉知浣者，賞錢一千貫文，便與除刺史，有官者超轉三階，無官者特授兵部尚書； 如活捉得劉知俊骨肉及近上都將並梟送闕廷者，賞賜有差。 辛亥，駕至蒲、陝，文武百官於新安縣奉迎。 劉知俊弟內直右保勝指揮使知浣自洛奔至潼關，右龍虎軍十將張溫以上二十二人於潼關擒獲劉知浣，送至行在。 敕：「劉知浣，逆黨之中最為頭角； 龍虎軍，親兵之內實冠爪牙。 昨者攻取潼關，率先用命； 尋則擒獲知浣，最上立功。 頗壯軍威，將除國難。 所懸賞格，便可支分，許賜官階，固須除授。 但昨捉獲劉知浣是張溫等二十二人，一時向前，共立功效，其賞錢一千貫文數內，一百貫文與最先打倒劉知浣衙官李稠，四十三貫文與十將張溫，二十人各與錢四十二貫八百五十文。 立功敕命便授郡府，亦緣同時立功人數不少，所除刺史，難議偏頗。 宜令逐月共支給正刺史料錢二百貫文數內，十將張溫一人每月與十貫文，餘二十一人每月每人各分九貫文，仍起七月一日以後支給。 人與轉官職，仍勘名銜，分析申奏，當與施行。」 是月，知俊奔鳳翔，同州平。
On gengxu Liu Zhijun, governor of Tongzhou, rebelled and held his command; an edict stripped him of rank and mobilized all armies to attack at once. Soldiers who knew the moment and rebels who turned on their masters, beheading chiefs and capturing ringleaders, would receive generous reward for outstanding merit. Whoever took Liu Zhijun alive would receive ten thousand strings of cash, the post of governor of Zhongwu, and an estate; whoever took Liu Zhihuan alive would receive one thousand strings, a prefecture, three ranks of promotion if in office, or extraordinary appointment as minister of war if not; whoever delivered Zhijun's kin and close commanders to court would be rewarded in varying amounts. On xinhai the train reached Pu and Shan; officials welcomed him at Xin'an. Zhihuan, Liu Zhijun's brother and inner-palace commander of the Right Victorious Guard, fled from Luoyang to Tong Pass; Zhang Wen of the Right Dragon-Tiger Army and twenty-two officers captured him at Tong Pass and sent him to the traveling court. An edict declared: "Liu Zhihuan was the sharpest horn of the rebel party; the Dragon-Tiger Army the foremost fang of the personal guard. In taking Tong Pass they were first in obeying the command; Soon after they captured Zhihuan—the highest merit of all. They had greatly strengthened the army's prestige and were on the verge of ending the national crisis. The posted rewards were to be paid out; promised offices and ranks were to be granted without delay. But Liu Zhihuan had been taken by Zhang Wen and twenty-one others acting together; of the one thousand strings promised, one hundred went to Li Chou, the officer who first struck him down; forty-three to chief Zhang Wen; and the other twenty received forty-two strings eight hundred fifty cash each. The merit edict would have made one a prefect, but with so many sharing the deed, a single appointment would have been unfair. They were to share monthly from the two hundred strings allotted a full prefect: Zhang Wen ten strings a month, the other twenty-one nine each, from the first day of the seventh month. Each was to be promoted; names and titles were to be reviewed and memorialized for action. That month Zhijun fled to Fengxiang and Tong Prefecture was pacified.
19
七月乙丑，敕行宮將士陣歿者，咸令所在給槥櫝，津置歸鄉里。 戰卒聞之悉感涕。 丙寅，命宰臣楊涉赴西都，以孟秋享太廟。 改章善門為左、右銀台門，其左、右銀台門卻改為左、右興善門。 敕：「大內皇牆使諸門，素來未得嚴謹，將令整肅，須示條章。 宜令控鶴指揮，應于諸門各添差控鶴官兩人，守帖把門。 其諸司使並諸司諸色人，並勒于左、右銀台門外下馬，不得將領行官一人輒入門裏。 其逐日諸道奉進，客省使於千秋門外排當抗，勒控鶴官舁抬至內門前，准例令黃門殿直以下舁進，輒不得令諸色一人到千秋門內。 其興善門仍令長官關鎖，不用逐日開閉。」 是日，又敕：「皇牆大內，本尚深嚴，宮禁諸門，豈宜輕易。 未當條制，交下因循，苟出入之無常，且公私之不便。 須加鈐轄，用戒門閭。 宜令宣徽院使等切准此處分。」 進封幽州節度使河間郡王劉守光為燕王。 《通鑒》：七月癸酉，帝發陝州。 乙亥，至洛陽，寢疾。 己丑夕，寢殿棟折。 詰旦，召近臣諸王視棟折之跡，帝慘然曰：「幾與卿等不相見。」 君臣對泣久之。 遂詔有司釋放禁人，從八月朔日後減膳，進素食，禁屠宰，避正殿，修佛事，以禳其咎。 商州刺史李稠棄郡西奔，本州將吏以都牙校李玫權知州事。
On yichou in the seventh month an edict ordered coffins for officers and men of the traveling palace who fell in battle and transport home to their districts. Soldiers who heard it wept. On bingyin chief minister Yang She was sent west for the mid-autumn offering at the Grand Ancestral Temple. Zhangshan Gate became the Left and Right Silver Terrace Gates, and the former Silver Terrace Gates became the Left and Right Xingshan Gates. An edict declared: "The gates of the inner palace have never been strictly guarded; discipline requires clear rules. The Crane-Control command was to post two officers at each gate to guard them. Bureau commissioners and all ranks must dismount outside the Silver Terrace Gates; not even one attendant might enter. Daily circuit tribute was to be arranged outside Thousand Autumn Gate; crane-control officers would carry it to the inner gate, where eunuchs of recipient rank and below might bring it in—no one else might pass inside Thousand Autumn Gate. Xingshan Gate was to remain locked by its warden and not opened daily. That day another edict: "The inner palace was meant to be deeply secure; its gates must not be lightly passed. Without rules, lax practice followed; irregular passage harmed both public business and private convenience. Control must be tightened to warn those at the gates. Palace commissioners were to enforce this strictly." Liu Shouguang, governor of Youzhou and Prince of Hejian, was promoted to Prince of Yan. 《Comprehensive Mirror》 records that on guiyou in the seventh month the Emperor left Shan Prefecture. On yihai he reached Luoyang and fell ill. On the evening of jichou the rafters of the sleeping hall broke. At dawn he summoned close ministers and princes to see the broken rafters and said mournfully: "I nearly failed to see you again. Ruler and ministers wept together for a long time. He ordered prisoners released, meals reduced from the first of the eighth month, vegetarian food, an end to slaughter, the main hall avoided, and Buddhist rites to avert the omen. Li Chou, prefect of Shang, abandoned his post and fled west; local officers made chief Ya officer Li Mei acting prefect.
20
八月甲午，以秋稼將登，霖雨特甚，命宰臣以下禱于社稷諸祠。 詔曰：「封嶽告功，前王重事； 祭天肆覲，有國恆規。 朕以眇身，恭臨大寶，既功德未敷於天下，而災祥互降於城中。 慮于告謝之儀，有缺齋虔之禮，爰修昭報，用契幽通。 宜令中書侍郎、平章事于兢往東嶽祭拜禱祀訖聞奏。」 又敕：「朕以干戈尚熾，華夏未寧，宜循卑菲之言，用致雍熙之化。 起八月一日，常朝不禦金鑾、崇勳兩殿，只於便殿聽政。」 辛亥，制諸郡如有陣歿將士，仰逐都安存家屬，如有弟兄兒侄，便給與衣糧充役。 贈故山東道節度使留後王玨太保，贈故同州觀察判官盧匪躬工部尚書。 玨，故河陽將，累以軍功為郡守，主留事於襄陽，為小將王求所殺。 匪躬嘗為劉知俊判官，知俊反，不偕行，為亂兵所害。 敕：「建國之初，用兵未罷，諸道章表，皆系軍機，不欲滯留，用防緩急。 其諸道所有軍事申奏，宜令至右銀台門委客省畫時引進。 諸道公事，即依前四方館准例收接。」 司天臺奏：「今月二十七日平明前，東南丙上去山高三尺以來，老人星見，測在井宿十一度，其色光明闊大。」 敕：「所在長吏放雜差役，兩稅外不得妄有科配。 自今後州縣府鎮，凡使命經過，若不執敕文券，並不得妄差人驢及取索一物已上。 又，今歲秋田，皆期大稔，仰所在切如條流本分納稅及加耗外，勿令更有科索。 切戒所由人更不得於鄉村乞托擾人。」
On jiawu in the eighth month, with the harvest near and rains especially heavy, he ordered chief ministers and officials to pray at the altars of soil and grain and other shrines. An edict declared: "Reporting merit on the sacred peak was weighty business of former kings; sacrificing to Heaven and holding court with the feudal lords was the constant rule of every state. I, slight in person, hold the great treasure; merit has not yet spread through the realm, yet omens and disasters alternate within the capital. Fearing the rites of thanksgiving lack full reverence, I repair the bright report to reach the hidden powers. Yu Jing, vice director of the Secretariat and chief councilor, was to go to the Eastern Peak to sacrifice and pray, then report when done. Another edict: "With war still raging and the heartland not at peace, I should follow humble counsel and bring a flourishing age. From the first of the eighth month regular court would not be held at Golden Hall or Chongxun Hall; audience would be only at the side hall." On xinhai an edict ordered commands to support the families of fallen officers and men and to clothe and feed brothers, sons, or nephews for service. The late Wang Jue, acting governor of Shandong East, was posthumously made grand guardian; the late Lu Feigong, observation judge of Tong, minister of works. Jue had been a Heyang general who rose through military merit to hold Xiangyang in acting authority, where junior officer Wang Qiu killed him. Feigong had been Zhijun's judge; when Zhijun rebelled he refused to follow and was killed by mutinous soldiers. An edict declared: "At the founding of the state war has not ceased; circuit memorials concern military affairs and must not be delayed. Military memorials from the circuits were to be delivered at the Right Silver Terrace Gate to the Reception Office for immediate presentation. Routine circuit business was still to be received at the Four Directions Hall as before. The Directorate of Astronomy reported that before dawn on the twenty-seventh the longevity star appeared southeast by bing, three feet up the slope, in the eleventh degree of the Well mansion, bright and broad. An edict ordered local magistrates to release miscellaneous corvée and forbid arbitrary exactions beyond the two taxes. Henceforth prefectures, counties, and commands might not press men, donkeys, or take a single item from envoys lacking edicts or warrants. This year's harvest promised abundance; local authorities must collect only statutory tax and surcharge and levy nothing more. Agents were strictly forbidden to beg or harass the villages."
21
閏八月，襄陽叛將李洪差小將進表，帝示以含宏，特賜敕書慰諭。 又制：「左馮背叛，元惡遁逃，如聞相濟之徒，多是脅從之輩，若能回心向國，轉禍全身，當與加恩，必不問罪。 仍令同、華、雍等州切加招諭，如能梟斬溫韜，或以鎮寨歸化，必加厚賞，仍獎官班，兼委本界招復人戶，切加安存。」 己卯，幸西苑觀稼。
In the intercalary eighth month Li Hong, a rebel officer of Xiangyang, sent a junior officer with a memorial; the Emperor showed magnanimity and granted a consoling edict. Another edict: "Left Feng has rebelled and the chief villain fled; many who aided him were coerced; if they turn to the state and trade disaster for safety, they will be shown grace and guilt will not be asked. Tong, Hua, Yong, and other prefectures were to urge surrender; whoever beheaded Wen Tao or submitted a fort would receive rich reward and office and win back and settle the people. On jimao he visited the Western Park to inspect the crops.