1
〈（案：《薛史·晉后妃傳》，《永樂大典》已佚，今采《五代會要》、《通鑒》、《契丹國志》、《文獻通考》所載晉后妃事，分註以補是書之闕。）〉
(Note: The Biographies of Later Jin Empresses and Consorts in Xue's History, lost from the Yongle Encyclopedia, are here supplemented from empress and consort accounts in the Five Dynasties Essentials, Comprehensive Mirror, Khitan State Annals, and Comprehensive Examination of Documents, set out in separate notes.)〉
2
高祖皇后李氏。 〈（《五代會要》：高祖皇后李氏，唐明宗第三女。 天成三年四月，封永寧公主； 長興四年九月，進封魏國公主； 清泰二年九月，改封晉國長公主； 至天福六年十一月，尊為皇后； 七年六月，尊為皇太后。 開運四年三月，與少帝同遷於契丹之黃龍府。 漢乾祐三年八月二十五日，崩於蕃中之建丘。 《文獻通考》云：天福二年，有司請立皇后，帝以宗廟未立，謙抑未遑。 帝崩，出帝即位，乃尊為皇太后。 《契丹國志》載晉出帝降表云：「晉室皇太后媳婦李氏妾言：張彥澤、傅住兒等至，伏蒙皇帝阿翁降書安撫者。 妾伏念先皇帝頃在並、汾，適逢屯難，危同累卵，急若倒懸，智勇俱窮，朝夕不保。 皇帝阿翁發自冀北，親抵河東，跋履山川，逾越險阻，立平巨孽，遂定中原。 救石氏之覆亡，立晉朝之社稷。 不幸先帝厭代，嗣子承祧，不能繼好息民，而反虧恩辜義，兵戈屢動，駟馬難追，戚實自貽，咎將誰執。 今穹旻震怒，中外攜離，上將牽羊，六師解甲。 妾舉宗負釁，視景偷生。 惶惑之中，撫問斯至，明宣恩旨，曲賜含容，慰諭丁寧，神爽飛越。 豈謂已垂之命，忽蒙更生之恩，省罪責躬，九死未報。 今遣孫男延煦、延寶奉表請罪，陳謝以聞。」 又，《帝紀》云：會同十一年正月朔，出帝、太后迎遼帝於封丘門外，帝辭不見，館於封禪寺，遣其將崔廷勛以兵守之。 是時雨雪連旬，外無供億，上下凍餒。 太后使人謂寺僧曰：「吾嘗於此飯僧數萬，今日豈不相憫耶？」 僧辭以遼帝之意難測，不敢獻食。 少帝陰祈守者，乃稍得食。 遼降少帝為光祿大夫，檢校太尉，封負義侯，遷於黃龍府，即慕容氏和龍城也。 帝使人謂太后曰：「吾聞爾子重貴，不從母教而至於此，可求自便，勿與俱行。」 太后答曰：「重貴事妾謹慎，所失者違先君之志，絕兩國之歡。 然重貴此去，幸蒙大惠，全身保家，母不隨子，欲何所歸？」 於是太后與馮氏、皇弟重睿。 子延煦延寶，舉族從晉侯而北。 天祿元年四月，帝至遼陽，晉侯白衣紗帽與太后、皇后上謁於帳中。 五月，帝上陘，取晉侯所從宦者十五人、東西班十五人及皇子延煦而去。 八月，帝下陘，太后自馳至霸州謁帝，求於漢兒城側賜地耕牧以為生。 許之。 帝以太后自行十餘日，遣與延煦俱還遼陽。 二年，徙晉侯、太后於建州。 三年秋八月，晉李太后病，無醫藥，仰天號泣，戟手罵杜重威、李守貞曰：「吾死不置汝。」 病亟，謂晉侯曰：「吾死，焚其骨送范陽佛寺，無使吾為邊地鬼也。」）〉
Empress Li of Gaozu. (From the Five Dynasties Essentials: Empress Li of Gaozu was the third daughter of Mingzong of Tang. In the fourth month of Tiancheng 3 she was enfeoffed as Princess of Yongning; In the ninth month of Changxing 4 she was advanced to Princess of Wei; In the ninth month of Qingtai 2 she was restyled Princess of Jin; By the eleventh month of Tianfu 6 she was honored as empress; In the sixth month of the seventh year she was honored as empress dowager. In the third month of Kaiyun 4 she was relocated with the Young Emperor to the Khitan seat at Yellow Dragon Prefecture. On the twenty-fifth day of the eighth month of Qianyou 3 of Han she died at Jianqiu in the Khitan territories. The Comprehensive Examination of Documents records that in Tianfu 2 the officials asked that an empress be installed, but the emperor, because the ancestral temple had not yet been established, modestly put the matter aside. Only after the emperor's death, when the Deposed Emperor took the throne, was she honored as empress dowager. The Khitan State Annals preserves the Deposed Emperor of Jin's surrender memorial, which reads: "The daughter-in-law of the Jin imperial house, Empress Dowager Lady Li, your handmaid, says: When Zhang Yanze, Fu Zhu'er, and the others arrived, I prostrated myself and received Your Majesty the Emperor and Grandfather's gracious letter of reassurance. Your handmaid humbly recalls that when the late emperor was at Bing and Fen, he suddenly met with encirclement and disaster; danger was as fragile as a pile of eggs, urgency as desperate as a man hung upside down; wisdom and courage were both spent, and from morning to evening he could not be preserved. Your Majesty the Emperor and Grandfather set out from north of Ji, came in person to Hedong, tramped through mountains and rivers and crossed perilous passes, swiftly pacified the great rebel, and thus settled the Central Plain. He rescued the Shi clan from ruin and restored the altars of the Jin dynasty. Unfortunately the late emperor passed away; the heir received the ancestral line yet could not continue friendship and give the people rest, but instead violated kindness and betrayed righteousness; war was raised again and again, and what four horses could not overtake was truly sorrow of our own making — upon whom shall the blame fall? Now Heaven above is enraged, the court and the realm are torn apart, the sovereign above will lead the sheep in surrender, and the six armies have laid down their arms. Your handmaid, with the whole clan bearing guilt, clings to life while watching our own shadows. Amid bewilderment your inquiry arrived; your gracious edict was clearly proclaimed; you bent favor to grant forbearance and repeated your comfort and instruction with such care that my spirit soared in exultation. Who would have thought that a life already hanging by a thread would suddenly receive the grace of rebirth? Reflecting on my guilt and blaming myself, even nine deaths would not repay it. Now I send my grandsons Yanxu and Yanbao to present this memorial begging forgiveness and to declare my apology for your hearing." The Imperial Annals also records that on the new moon of the first month in the eleventh year of Tonghui, the Deposed Emperor and the empress dowager welcomed the Liao emperor outside the Fengqiu Gate; the emperor declined to see them, lodged them at the Fengchan Temple, and dispatched his general Cui Tingxun with troops to guard them. At that time snow and rain lasted ten days in succession; there were no supplies from outside, and those above and below were freezing and starving. The empress dowager sent someone to tell the temple monks: "I once fed tens of thousands of monks here — are you not moved to pity us today?" The monks refused, citing the unpredictable mood of the Liao emperor, and dared not provide food. The Young Emperor secretly appealed to the guards, and so they were gradually able to get food. The Liao demoted the Young Emperor to Grand Master of Splendid Happiness and Inspector-General Grand Marshal, enfeoffed him as Marquis of Unrighteousness, and relocated him to Yellow Dragon Prefecture — the Murong clan's Helong City. The emperor sent someone to tell the empress dowager: "I hear your son Chonggui did not heed his mother's teaching and came to this — you may seek your own convenience; do not travel with him." The empress dowager replied: "Chonggui has served me with care; what was lost was going against the late sovereign's will and severing friendship between our two states. Yet if Chonggui goes hence, fortunately receiving great kindness and preserving body and house — if a mother does not follow her son, whither would she go?" Thereupon the empress dowager, Lady Feng, and the emperor's younger brother Chongrui together with her sons Yanxu and Yanbao, the whole clan followed the Marquis of Jin northward. In the fourth month of the first year of Tianlu the emperor reached Liaoyang; the Marquis of Jin, in white robes and gauze cap, together with the empress dowager and empress, paid homage inside the tent. In the fifth month, as the emperor ascended the pass, he took fifteen of the Marquis of Jin's attendants, fifteen men from the eastern and western shifts, and the imperial son Yanxu. In the eighth month, as the emperor descended the pass, the empress dowager rode in haste to Bazhou to pay homage, asking for land beside Hanz Er City to farm and herd for a living. Permission was granted. After the empress dowager had traveled on her own for more than ten days, the emperor sent her back to Liaoyang with Yanxu. In the second year, the Marquis of Jin and the empress dowager were relocated to Jianzhou. In the eighth month of autumn of the third year Empress Li of Jin fell ill; there were no medicines; she wept to Heaven and, pointing with her hand, cursed Du Chongwei and Li Shouzhen, saying: "When I die I will not let you go." As her illness became critical, she told the Marquis of Jin: "When I die, burn my bones and send them to a Buddhist monastery in Fanyang — do not let me become a ghost of the borderlands." )〉
3
太妃安氏。 〈（《文獻通考》：安太妃，代北人，不知其世家。 生出帝，帝立，尊為皇太妃。 《契丹國志》云：天祿二年春二月，徙晉侯、太后於建州，中途安太妃卒，遺命晉侯曰：「焚骨為灰，南向揚之，庶幾遺魂得返中國也。」）〉
Grand Consort An. (From the Comprehensive Examination of Documents: Grand Consort An was a native of northern Dai; her family background is unknown. She bore the Deposed Emperor; when he took the throne, she was honored as Grand Imperial Consort. The Khitan State Annals records that in the second month of spring of the second year of Tianlu, when the Marquis of Jin and the empress dowager were relocated to Jianzhou, Grand Consort An died en route; her dying charge to the Marquis of Jin was: "Burn my bones to ash and scatter them southward — perhaps my lingering soul may return to China.")〉
4
少帝皇后張氏。 〈（案《五代會要》：天福八年十月追冊。 考薛史《少帝紀》云：追冊故妃張氏為皇后。 《張從訓傳》亦云，高祖鎮太原，為少帝娶從訓長女為妃。）〉
Empress Zhang of the Young Emperor. (Note: According to the Five Dynasties Essentials, posthumous investiture came in the tenth month of Tianfu 8. According to Xue's History, Annals of the Young Emperor, the late consort Lady Zhang was posthumously invested as empress. The Biography of Zhang Congxun also records that when Gaozu was posted at Taiyuan, he took Congxun's eldest daughter as consort for the Young Emperor.)〉
5
皇后馮氏。 〈（案《五代會要》：開運三年十月冊。 《通鑒》云：天福八年冬十月戊申，立吳國夫人馮氏為皇后。 初，高祖愛少弟重胤，養以為子。 及留守鄴都，娶副留守馮濛女為其婦，重胤早卒，馮夫人寡居，有美色，帝見而悅之。 高祖崩，梓宮在殯，帝遂納之。 群臣皆賀，帝謂馮道等曰：「皇太后之命，與卿等不任大慶。」 群臣出，帝與夫人酣飲，過梓宮前，叕而告曰：「皇太后之命，與先帝不任大慶。」 左右失笑，帝亦自笑，謂左右曰：「我今日作新婿何如？」 夫人與左右皆大笑。 太后雖恚，而無如之何。 既正位中宮，頗預政事。 後兄玉，時為禮部郎中、鹽鐵判官，帝驟擢用至端明殿學士、戶部侍郎，與議政事。 《文獻通考》云：契丹入京師，後隨帝北遷，不知所終。 又，案《五代會要》載晉內職云：高祖潁川郡夫人蔡氏，天福三年八月敕。 少帝寶省李氏封隴西郡夫人； 張氏封春宮夫人，充皇后宮尚宮，並天福八年十二月二日敕。 前左禦正齊國夫人吳氏進封燕國夫人，書省魏國夫人崔氏進封梁國夫人，前右禦正天水郡夫人趙氏封衛國夫人，司簿孟氏封汧國夫人，前司簿李氏封隴西郡夫人，弟子院使齊氏、大使郭氏、副使賈氏並封本縣君，太后宮尚宮陳留郡夫人何氏進封鄭國夫人，河南郡夫人元氏進封齊國夫人，知客出使夫人石氏封武威郡夫人，春宮姚氏、常氏、焦氏、王氏、陶氏、魏氏、趙氏七人並超封郡夫人，寶省婉美趙氏封天水郡夫人，武氏以下十一人並授春宮，天福八年十一月敕。 清河郡夫人張氏、彭城郡夫人劉氏並充太后宮司寶，南陽郡夫人路氏、出使夫人趙氏白氏並充皇后宮司賓，開運二年八月敕。 又，按《薛史》不載外戚傳，據《五代會要》云：晉高祖長女長安公主降楊承祚，天福二年五月封，至六年五月卒，追封秦國公主，至七年九月，又追封梁國長公主。 從長女高平縣主、第二女新平縣主、第三女千乘縣主、孫女永慶縣主，並天福七年五月封。）〉
Empress Feng. (Note: According to the Five Dynasties Essentials, investiture took place in the tenth month of Kaiyun 3. The Comprehensive Mirror records that on wushen of the tenth month of winter in Tianfu 8, Lady Feng, Madame of Wu, was installed as empress. At first Gaozu loved his youngest brother Chongyin and raised him as his own son. When he was left to garrison Yedu, he took the daughter of Vice Resident Feng Meng as wife for him; Chongyin died early; Madame Feng lived as a widow and was beautiful; the emperor saw her and was pleased with her. While Gaozu's coffin still lay in state, the emperor took her as his consort. All the officials congratulated him; the emperor said to Feng Dao and the others: "By the empress dowager's command, you cannot bear the burden of grand celebration either." When the officials had gone out, the emperor drank heavily with the lady. Passing before the imperial coffin, he bowed twice and announced: "By the empress dowager's command, my late father cannot bear the burden of grand celebration either." Those beside him could not hold back laughter; the emperor laughed too and asked those around him: "How do I look as a new bridegroom today?" The lady and those beside him all laughed heartily. The empress dowager, though resentful, could do nothing about it. Once established in the central palace, she took a considerable part in government affairs. Her elder brother Yu, then a director in the Ministry of Rites and salt and iron commissioner, was suddenly promoted to Academician of the Hall of Duanming and Vice Minister of Revenue and given a voice in government affairs. The Comprehensive Examination of Documents records that when the Khitan entered the capital, the empress followed the emperor northward; her end is unknown. Also, (Note: The Five Dynasties Essentials records Jin inner offices: Lady Cai, Madame of Yingchuan Commandery — by edict of the eighth month of Tianfu 3. Lady Li of the Young Emperor's Baosheng Palace was enfeoffed as Madame of Longxi Commandery; Lady Zhang was enfeoffed as Madame of the Spring Palace and appointed Chief Palace Officer of the empress's palace — both by edict of the second day of the twelfth month of Tianfu 8. Former Left Imperial Rectifier Madame Wu of Qi was advanced to Madame of Yan; Secretariat Madame Cui of Wei was advanced to Madame of Liang; Former Right Imperial Rectifier Madame Zhao of Tianshui Commandery was enfeoffed Madame of Wei; Registrar Madame Meng was enfeoffed Madame of Qian; Former Registrar Madame Li was enfeoffed Madame of Longxi Commandery; Palace of Disciples Commissioner Qi, Grand Commissioner Guo, and Vice Commissioner Jia were all enfeoffed as Ladies of their native counties; Chief Palace Officer of the empress dowager's palace Madame He of Chenliu Commandery was advanced to Madame of Zheng; Madame Yuan of Henan Commandery was advanced to Madame of Qi; Guest Reception Envoy Madame Shi was enfeoffed Madame of Wuwei Commandery; Spring Palace ladies Yao, Chang, Jiao, Wang, Tao, Wei, and Zhao — seven in all — were exceptionally enfeoffed as Commandery Madames; Graceful Beauty Madame Zhao of the Baosheng Palace was enfeoffed Madame of Tianshui Commandery; Wu and eleven below were all appointed to the Spring Palace — by edict of the eleventh month of Tianfu 8. Lady Zhang of Qinghe Commandery and Lady Liu of Pengcheng Commandery were appointed keepers of the treasury in the empress dowager's palace; Lady Lu of Nanyang Commandery and Envoy Ladies Zhao and Bai were appointed reception keepers in the empress's palace — by edict of the eighth month of the second year of Kaiyun. Also, examining Xue's History, it includes no biography of maternal relatives; according to the Five Dynasties Essentials, Gaozu's eldest daughter, Princess of Chang'an, was married to Yang Chengzuo; she was enfeoffed in the fifth month of Tianfu 2, died in the fifth month of the sixth year, was posthumously enfeoffed Princess of Qin, and in the ninth month of the seventh year was again posthumously enfeoffed Princess of Liang. The eldest daughter of the secondary wife was enfeoffed Lady of Gaoping County; the second daughter, Lady of Xinping County; the third daughter, Lady of Qiansheng County; and the granddaughters, Ladies of Yongqing County — all in the fifth month of Tianfu 7.)〉