Volume 27: Lu Chui; Dao Qia; Ming Shanbin; Yin Jun

梁書卷第二十七列傳第二十一

Book of Liang, Volume 27, Biographies, Number 21

陸倕到洽明山賓殷鈞陸襄

Lu Chui; Dao Qia; Ming Shanbin; Yin Jun; and Lu Xiang

陸倕字佐公，吳郡吳人也。晉太尉玩六世孫。祖子真，宋東陽太守。父慧曉，齊太常卿。

Lu Chui, styled Zuogong, came from Wu county in Wu commandery. He was a sixth-generation descendant of Lu Wan, who had served Jin as Grand Commandant. His grandfather Zizhen had been Administrator of Dongyang under the Liu Song. His father Huixiao had served Qi as Minister of Ceremonies.

倕少勤學，善屬文。於宅內起兩間茅屋，杜絕往來，晝夜讀書，如此者數載。所讀一遍，必誦於口。嘗借人《漢書》，失《五行志》四卷，乃暗寫還之，略無遺脫。幼爲外祖張岱所異，岱常謂諸子曰：「此兒汝家之陽元也。」年十七，舉本州秀才。刺史竟陵王子良開西邸延英俊，倕亦預焉。辟議曹從事參軍、廬陵王法曹行參軍。天監初，爲右軍安成王外兵參軍，轉主簿。

From boyhood Chui studied hard and showed a gift for writing. He built two thatched rooms inside his home, shut out all visitors, and read day and night like this for several years. Whatever he read through once, he would recite aloud from memory. Once he borrowed someone's Book of Han and lost four fascicles of the Treatise on the Five Phases; he copied them from memory and returned the book, omitting almost nothing. As a boy he struck his maternal grandfather Zhang Dai as remarkable; Dai often told his sons, "This child is the yang force of your house." At seventeen he was nominated as a provincial xiucai. When the provincial inspector, Prince Ziliang of Jingling, opened his western lodge to gather talented men, Chui was among those invited. He was recruited as aide in the Bureau of Deliberation and as acting aide in the legal bureau under the Prince of Luling. Early in the Tianjian era he served as outer-army aide to the Right Army under the Prince of Ancheng, then became chief clerk.

倕與樂安任昉友善，爲《感知己賦》以贈昉，昉因此名以報之曰：「信偉人之世篤，本侯服於陸鄉。緬風流與道素，襲袞衣與繡裳。還伊人而世載，並三駿而龍光。過龍津而一息，望鳳條而曾翔。彼白玉之雖潔，此幽蘭之信芳。思在物而取譬，非鬥斗之能量。匹聳峙於東岳，比凝厲於秋霜。不一飯以妄過，每三錢以投渭。匪蒙袂之敢嗟，豈溝壑之能衣。旣蘊藉其有餘，又淡然而無味。得意同乎卷懷，違方似乎仗氣。類平叔而靡雕，似子雲之不樸。冠衆善而貽操，綜羣言而名學。折高、戴於后臺，異鄒、顏乎董幄。采三《詩》於河間，訪九師於淮曲。術兼口傳之書，藝廣鏗鏘之樂。時坐睡而梁懸，裁枝梧而錐握。旣文過而意深，又理勝而辭縟。咨余生之荏苒，迫歲暮而傷情。測徂陰於堂下，聽鳴鐘於洛城。唯忘年之陸子，定一遇於班荊。余獲田蘇之價，爾得海上之名。信落魄而無產，終長對於短生。饑虛表于徐步，逃責顯於疾行。子比我於叔則，又方余於耀卿。心照情交，流言靡惑。萬類暗求，千里懸得。言象可廢，蹄筌自默。居非連棟，行則同車。冬日不足，夏日靡餘。肴核非餌，絲竹豈娛。我未舍駕，子已回輿。中飯相顧，悵然動色。邦壤旣殊，離會莫測。存異山陽之居，沒非要離之側。似膠投漆中，離婁豈能識。」其爲士友所重如此。

Chui was close friends with Ren Fang of Le'an and wrote "Fu on Perceiving a True Friend" as a gift to him. Fang answered with a rhapsody of his own, opening: "Truly steadfast among the great men of our age—your roots lie in the marquis lands of Lu township. Far back runs your elegant bearing and moral purity; you inherit court robes and embroidered gowns. You look back to that man of old, passed down through generations, and stand with three steeds in dragon brilliance. You crossed Dragon Ford and paused for breath; you gazed at the phoenix branch where you once soared. Though white jade may be pure, this secluded orchid is truly fragrant. Your thought dwells in things when you draw comparisons—not the petty measure of a dipper's worth. You match Mount Tai looming in the east; you compare to autumn frost in its stern chill. You would not accept a meal for a reckless lapse; again and again you cast three coins into the Wei. You would not dare lament like one covering his sleeve; how could a gully or ravine clothe you? You are richly stored within, yet bland and without savour. When pleased, you are like one who rolls up his aspirations; when at odds with the world, you seem to rely on sheer spirit. You resemble Ping Shu yet without carving; you resemble Zi Yun yet not unadorned. You crown all excellence and bestow your integrity; you synthesize the schools of learning and make a name in scholarship. You bend Gao and Dai to the rear hall; you set Zou and Yan apart within Dong Zhongshu's curtain. You gather the three traditions of the Classic of Poetry from Hejian; you visit the nine masters along the Huai bend. Your arts embrace books passed mouth to mouth; your skills extend to ringing, resonant music. At times you dozed seated while a beam hung suspended; at times you trimmed branch-symbols while grasping an awl. Your literary ornament exceeds yet your meaning is deep; your principle triumphs yet your diction is dense. Ah, my remaining years pass swiftly; nearing year's end, my feelings are wounded. I measure the declining yin beneath the hall; I listen to the ringing bells of Luoyang. Only young-in-spirit Master Lu, fixing upon a single meeting among thorny plants. I gained the price of Tian Su; you gained a name beyond the sea. Truly destitute without estate; in the end long facing short life. Hunger showed plainly in slow steps; shirking blame showed clearly in hurried flight. You compared me to Shuzi; you also likened me to Yao Qing. Our hearts illumined one another, our feelings exchanged; slander could not mislead us. Among ten thousand kinds we sought in darkness; across a thousand li we attained what hung before us. Words and images may be discarded; hooves and fish-traps fall silent of themselves. We did not dwell in linked pavilions, yet when we traveled we shared a carriage. Winter days were never enough; summer days held no surplus. Meats and nuts were no bait; string and bamboo were no delight. I had not yet left my carriage when you already turned your cart about. At midday meal we looked at each other, moved to desolation. Our lands were already different; parting and meeting could not be foretold. Alive we dwelt apart like men of Shanyang; in death we would not demand to lie beside Yaoli. Like glue cast into lacquer—how could Li Lou discern it?" In such ways was he esteemed by men of letters.

遷驃騎臨川王東曹掾。是時禮樂制度，多所創革，高祖雅愛倕才，乃敕撰《新漏刻銘》，其文甚美。遷太子中舍人，管東宮書記。又詔爲《石闕銘記》。奏之。敕曰：「太子中舍人陸倕所制《石闕銘》，辭義典雅，足爲佳作。昔虞丘辨物，邯鄲獻賦，賞以金帛，前史美談，可賜絹三十匹。」遷太子庶子、國子博士，母憂去職。服闋，爲中書侍郎，給事黃門侍郎，揚州別駕從事史，以疾陳解。遷鴻臚卿，入爲吏部郎，參選事。出爲雲麾晉安王長史、尋陽太守、行江州府州事。以公事免，左遷中書侍郎、司徒司馬、太子中庶子、廷尉卿。又爲中庶子，加給事中、揚州大中正。復除國子博士、中庶子、中正並如故。守太常卿，中正如故。普通七年，卒，年五十七。文集二十卷，行於世。

He was promoted to eastern bureau aide on the staff of the Rapid Cavalry General, Prince of Linchuan. At that time rites and music were being widely reformed; the emperor greatly valued Chui's talent and ordered him to compose the "Inscription on the New Clepsydra," a work of exceptional beauty. He was promoted to palace attendant of the heir apparent and oversaw the Eastern Palace records. He was also ordered to compose the "Record-Inscription of the Stone Que." He presented it to the throne. An edict said: "The 'Inscription of the Stone Que' composed by Lu Chui, palace attendant of the heir apparent, is elegant in diction and meaning and fully qualifies as an excellent work. Formerly Yuqiu distinguished things and Handan presented a fu, and they were rewarded with gold and silk—a fine tale in former histories. Grant him thirty bolts of silk." He was promoted to senior tutor of the heir apparent and erudite of the Imperial University, then left office to observe mourning for his mother. When mourning ended he served as vice director of the Secretariat, attendant gentleman of the yellow gate, and aide to the Yangzhou administrator, then asked to resign on grounds of illness. He was promoted to grand master of ceremonies, then entered the capital as director of the Ministry of Personnel and took part in official selection. He left the capital as chief clerk to the Cloud-Banner General, Prince of Jin'an, as administrator of Xunyang and acting overseer of Jiangzhou affairs. Dismissed over a public matter, he was demoted to vice director of the Secretariat, marshal of the Secretariat, junior tutor of the heir apparent, and minister of justice. He again served as junior tutor, with additional appointment as supervising attendant and senior rectifier of Yangzhou. He was again appointed erudite of the Imperial University, junior tutor, and rectifier, all as before. He served as acting minister of ceremonies, retaining his rectifier duties as before. In the seventh year of Putong he died at the age of fifty-seven. His collected writings in twenty fascicles circulated in his day.

第四子纘，早慧，十歲通經，爲童子奉車郎，卒。

His fourth son Zuan was precocious; at ten he had mastered the classics, served as palace groom for youthful scholars, and died young.

到洽字茂㳂，彭城武原人也。宋驃騎將軍彥之曾孫。祖仲度，驃騎江夏王從事中郎。父坦，齊中書郎。

Dao Qia, styled Maoheng, came from Wuyuan in Pengcheng commandery. He was a great-grandson of Yanzhi, who had served Song as Rapid Cavalry General. His grandfather Zhongdu had been aide-de-camp to the Rapid Cavalry General, Prince of Jiangxia. His father Tan had served Qi as director of the Secretariat.

洽年十八，爲南徐州迎西曹行事。洽少知名，清警有才學士行。謝朓文章盛於一時，見洽深相賞好，日引與談論。每謂洽曰：「君非直名人，乃亦兼資文武。」朓後爲吏部，洽去職，朓欲薦之，洽睹世方亂，深相拒絕。除晉安王國左常侍，不就。遂築室巖阿，幽居者積歲。樂安任昉有知人之鑒，與洽兄沼、溉並善。嘗訪洽於田舍，見之歎曰：「此子日下無雙。」遂申拜親之禮。

At eighteen Qia served as acting western bureau clerk in the welcome office of Southern Xuzhou. From youth Qia was well known—clear-minded, sharp, and accomplished in learning and conduct. Xie Tiao's writing was the finest of his age; on meeting Qia he took a deep liking to him and drew him into conversation every day. He often told Qia, "You are not merely a man of reputation—you combine civil and military gifts as well." Later, when Tiao became director of the Ministry of Personnel, Qia had left office; Tiao wished to recommend him, but Qia, seeing the realm turning chaotic, firmly refused. He was appointed left regular attendant in the principality of Jin'an but declined the post. He then built a house in a mountain hollow and lived in seclusion for many years. Ren Fang of Le'an had a discerning eye for talent and was close friends with Qia's elder brothers Zhao and Gai. Once he visited Qia at his farmstead and, on seeing him, exclaimed, "This youth has no peer under the sun." He then treated him with the ceremony due a close friend.

天監初，沼、溉俱蒙擢用，洽尤見知賞，從弟沆亦相與齊名。高祖問待詔丘遲曰：「到洽何如沆、溉？」遲對曰：「正清過於沆，文章不減溉；加以清言，殆將難及。」卽召爲太子舍人。御華光殿，詔洽及沆、蕭琛、任昉侍讌，賦二十韻詩，以洽辭爲工，賜絹二十匹。高祖謂昉曰：「諸到可謂才子。」昉對曰：「臣常竊議，宋得其武，梁得其文。」

Early in the Tianjian era Zhao and Gai were both promoted; Qia was especially favored, and his cousin Hang was equally renowned. The emperor asked the attendant-in-waiting Qiu Chi, "How does Dao Qia compare with Hang and Gai?" Chi replied, "In upright clarity he surpasses Hang; in literary composition he is no less than Gai; and with pure talk added, he will perhaps be hard to match." He was immediately summoned as attendant of the heir apparent. At Huaguang Hall the emperor ordered Qia, Hang, Xiao Chen, and Ren Fang to attend a banquet; composing twenty-rhyme poems, the court judged Qia's diction the finest and granted him twenty bolts of silk. The emperor said to Fang, "The various Daos may truly be called men of talent." Fang replied, "Your servant has often privately remarked that Song obtained their martial men, while Liang obtains their literary men."

二年，遷司徒主簿，直待詔省，敕使抄甲部書。五年，遷尚書殿中郎。洽兄弟羣從，遞居此職，時人榮之。七年，遷太子中舍人，與庶子陸倕對掌東宮管記。俄爲侍讀，侍讀省仍置學士二人，洽復充其選。九年，遷國子博士，奉敕撰《太學碑》。十二年，出爲臨川內史，在郡稱職。十四年，入爲太子家令，遷給事黃門侍郎，兼國子博士。十六年，行太子中庶子。普通元年，以本官領博士。頃之，入爲尚書吏部郎，請託一無所行。俄遷員外散騎常侍，復領博士，母憂去職。五年，復爲太子中庶子，領步兵校尉，未拜，仍遷給事黃門侍郎，領尚書左丞。準繩不避貴戚，尚書省賄賂莫敢通。時鑾輿欲親戎，軍國容禮，多自洽出。六年，遷御史中丞，彈糾無所顧望，號爲勁直，當時肅清。以公事左降，猶居職。舊制，中丞不得入尚書下舍，洽兄溉爲左民尚書，洽引服親不應有礙，刺省詳決。左丞蕭子雲議許入溉省，亦以其兄弟素篤，不能相別也。七年，出爲貞威將軍、雲麾長史、尋陽太守。大通元年，卒於郡，時年五十一。贈侍中。諡曰理子。昭明太子與晉安王綱令曰：「明北兗、到長史遂相系凋落，傷怛悲惋，不能已已。去歲陸太常殂歿，今茲二賢長謝。陸生資忠履貞，冰清玉潔，文該四始，學遍九流，高情勝氣，貞然直上。明公儒學稽古，淳厚篤誠，立身行道，始終如一，儻值夫子，必升孔堂。到子風神開爽，文義可觀，當官蒞事，介然無私。皆海內之俊乂，東序之秘寶。此之嗟惜，更復何論。但遊處周旋，並淹歲序，造膝忠規，豈可勝說，倖免祇悔，實二三子之力也。談對如昨，音言在耳，零落相仍，皆成異物，每一念至，何時可言。天下之寶，理當惻愴。近張新安又致故，其人文筆弘雅，亦足嗟惜，隨弟府朝，東西日久，尤當傷懷也。比人物零落，特可傷惋，屬有今信，乃復及之。」

In the second year he was promoted to chief clerk of the Secretariat, served in the attendant-in-waiting office, and was ordered to copy books of the first category. In the fifth year he was promoted to palace attendant in the Ministry of State Affairs. Qia's brothers and cousins held this post in succession, to the envy of their contemporaries. In the seventh year he was promoted to palace attendant of the heir apparent and, with junior tutor Lu Chui, jointly managed the Eastern Palace records. Soon he became lecturer-in-attendance; the lecturer's office still appointed two scholars, and Qia again filled one of those posts. In the ninth year he was promoted to erudite of the Imperial University and received an imperial order to compose the "Stele of the Imperial Academy." In the twelfth year he left the capital as internal administrator of Linchuan and earned a reputation for competent governance. In the fourteenth year he entered the capital as steward of the heir apparent's household, was promoted to attendant gentleman of the yellow gate, and concurrently served as erudite of the Imperial University. In the sixteenth year he served as acting junior tutor of the heir apparent. In the first year of Putong he retained his post while additionally serving as erudite. Soon he entered the capital as director of the Ministry of Personnel in the Secretariat and refused every request for favor. Soon he was promoted to supernumerary regular attendant of the scattered cavalry and again held the erudite post, then left office to mourn his mother. In the fifth year he again became junior tutor of the heir apparent and was to serve concurrently as colonel of the foot soldiers; before he could assume that post he was promoted to attendant gentleman of the yellow gate and concurrently left director of the Secretariat. He applied standards without sparing noble kin, and within the Secretariat no one dared offer bribes. At that time the emperor was about to take the field in person, and military and state ceremonial matters largely issued from Qia. In the sixth year he was promoted to palace censor-in-chief; in impeachment and correction he showed no regard for favor, was styled stern and upright, and the court was thereby purified. Demoted on account of a public matter, he nevertheless retained his post. By old regulation the censor-in-chief might not enter the lower quarters of the Secretariat; Qia's elder brother Gai was director of the left for the people in the Secretariat, and Qia cited mourning garb and close kinship as grounds that there should be no impediment, submitting a memorial for detailed decision. Left director Xiao Ziyun proposed permitting entry into Gai's office, likewise on the grounds that the brothers had long been deeply devoted and could not be set apart. In the seventh year he left the capital as general of upright prestige, chief clerk of the cloud-banner army, and administrator of Xunyang. In the first year of Datong he died in office at the age of fifty-one. He was posthumously appointed attendant-in-chief. His posthumous title was Lizi, "The Principled." Crown Prince Zhaoming sent a letter to Prince Jing'an, Xiao Gang, saying, "Ming of Northern Yanzhou and Chief Clerk Dao have died in succession; my grief and sorrow cannot be stilled. Last year Minister of Ceremonies Lu passed away; this year these two worthies have departed as well. Master Lu was endowed with loyalty and practiced purity, clear as ice and clean as jade; his writing encompassed the four beginnings of the Classic of Poetry, his learning pervaded the nine schools; lofty in feeling and surpassing in spirit, he stood upright and ascended. Lord Ming studied Confucian learning and investigated antiquity, pure, thick, and sincerely devoted; in establishing himself and practicing the Way he was constant from beginning to end—had he met Confucius, he would surely have ascended the Hall of Confucius. Master Dao was open and bright in spirit and bearing; his literary meaning was admirable; in holding office and attending to affairs he was detached and without private interest. Both were outstanding men within the realm and secret treasures of the Eastern Palace. To lament and cherish them thus—what more is there to say? Yet in roaming and associating we passed many years together; loyal admonitions spoken knee to knee—how could they be told in full? That I escaped shame and repentance was truly the work of these two or three men. Conversation face to face was like yesterday; their voices still ring in my ear—yet one after another they have fallen away and all have become strange things; each time the thought comes, when may it be spoken? Treasures of the realm—by right one should be deeply sorrowful. Recently Zhang of Xin'an has also passed away; his writing was grand and elegant, likewise worthy of lament. With my younger brother at court in the princely establishment, east and west separated for long days—this especially wounds the heart. Lately men have fallen away one after another, especially worthy of grief and regret; as there is this present letter, I touch upon it again."

洽文集行於世。子伯淮、仲舉。

Qia's collected writings circulated in his day. His sons were Bohuai and Zhongju.

明山賓字孝若，平原鬲人也。父僧紹，隱居不仕，宋末國子博士徵，不就。

Ming Shanbin, styled Xiaoruo, came from Ge in Pingyuan commandery. His father Sengshao lived in seclusion and did not take office; at the end of Song he was summoned as erudite of the Imperial University but declined.

山賓七歲能言名理，十三博通經傳，居喪盡禮。服闋，州辟從事史。起家奉朝請。兄仲璋嬰痼疾，家道屢空，山賓乃行干祿。齊始安王蕭遙光引爲撫軍行參軍，後爲廣陽令，頃之去官。義師至，高祖引爲相府田曹參軍。梁臺建，爲尚書駕部郎，遷治書侍御史，右軍記室參軍，掌治吉禮。時初置《五經》博士，山賓首膺其選。遷北中郎諮議參軍，侍皇太子讀。累遷中書侍郎、國子博士、太子率更令、中庶子，博士如故。天監十五年，出爲持節、督緣淮諸軍事、征遠將軍、北兗州刺史。普通二年，徵爲太子右衛率，加給事中，遷御史中丞。以公事左遷黃門侍郎、司農卿。四年，遷散騎常侍，領青冀二州大中正。東宮新置學士，又以山賓居之，俄以本官兼國子祭酒。

At seven Shanbin could discourse on principles of names; at thirteen he had broadly mastered the classics and their commentaries; in mourning he fulfilled every rite. When mourning ended the province summoned him as aide. He began his career as court gentleman for imperial audience. His elder brother Zhongzhang suffered a chronic illness; the household was repeatedly impoverished, and Shanbin then sought salary by office. The Prince of Shi'an of Qi, Xiao Yaoguang, brought him in as acting aide of the pacifying army; later he served as magistrate of Guangyang, and shortly left office. When the army of righteousness arrived, the emperor brought him in as aide of the fields bureau in the chancellor's office. When the Liang regime was established he served as director of the carriage section in the Secretariat, was promoted to attending censor, recorder of the right army, and oversaw auspicious rites. At that time the Five Classics erudites were first established, and Shanbin was the first chosen. He was promoted to advisory aide of the north central commandant and attended the heir apparent in study. He rose through vice director of the Secretariat, erudite of the Imperial University, commandant of the heir apparent's rate regulation, and junior tutor, retaining his erudite duties as before. In the fifteenth year of Tianjian he left the capital bearing the staff of authority as supervisor of military affairs along the Huai and as general who subdues the distance and inspector of Northern Yanzhou. In the second year of Putong he was summoned as right commandant of the heir apparent's guard, with additional appointment as supervising attendant, and promoted to palace censor-in-chief. Demoted on account of a public matter, he became attendant of the yellow gate and minister of agriculture. In the fourth year he was promoted to regular attendant of the scattered cavalry and concurrently senior rectifier of Qing and Ji provinces. The Eastern Palace newly appointed scholars, and Shanbin again held that post; soon, in his existing office, he concurrently served as libationer of the Imperial University.

初，山賓在州，所部平陸縣不稔，啓出倉米以贍人。後刺史檢州曹，失簿書，以山賓爲耗闕，有司追責，籍其宅入官，山賓默不自理，更市地造宅。昭明太子聞築室不就，有令曰：「明祭酒雖出撫大籓，擁旄推轂，珥金拖紫，而恒事屢空。聞構宇未成，今送薄助。」並貽詩曰：「平仲古稱奇，夷吾昔檀美。令則挺伊賢，東秦固多士。築室非道傍，置宅歸仁里。庚桑方有係，原生今易擬。必來三徑人，將招《五經》士。」

Earlier, when Shanbin was in the province, Pinglu county in his jurisdiction had a poor harvest; he memorialized to release granary grain to support the people. Later the inspector examined the provincial offices and lost the account books; Shanbin was held responsible for the shortfall, the authorities pursued him for liability, and his residence was registered and taken into state ownership. Shanbin made no defense on his own behalf and instead bought land elsewhere to build a house. Crown Prince Zhaoming heard that construction of the house was not completed and issued an order: "Libationer Ming, though he went out to govern a great frontier, bearing banners and pushing the chariot wheel, wearing gold at the ear and trailing purple, yet his household was repeatedly empty. Hearing that the building is not yet finished, I now send modest assistance." He also sent a poem: "Ping Zhong was called marvelous in antiquity; Yi Wu was once praised as excellent. Your command district then produced worthy men of Yi; eastern Qin indeed had many scholars. Build your house not beside the road; set your residence in the hamlet of Return to Benevolence. Gengsang had just gained a tie; Yuansheng today may easily be compared. Surely men of the three paths will come; you will summon scholars of the Five Classics."

山賓性篤實，家中嘗乏用，貨所乘牛。旣售受錢，乃謂買主曰：「此牛經患漏蹄，治差已久，恐後脫髮，無容不相語。」買主遽追取錢。處士阮孝緒聞之，歎曰：「此言足使還淳反朴，激薄停澆矣。」

Shanbin's nature was sincere and solid; at home he was often short of supplies and sold the ox he rode. After the sale he received the money and then told the buyer, "This ox once suffered from cracked hooves; it has been cured for some time, but I fear the hooves may later shed—I could not fail to tell you." The buyer immediately pursued him to take back the money. The recluse Ruan Xiaoxu heard of it and sighed, "These words are enough to return purity and simplicity, to stir the thin and halt the dissolute."

五年，又爲國子博士，常侍、中正如故。其年以本官假節，權攝北兗州事。大通元年，卒，時年八十五。詔贈侍中、信威將軍。諡曰質子。昭明太子爲舉哀，賻錢十萬，布百匹，並使舍人王顒監護喪事。又與前司徒左長史殷芸令曰：「北兗信至，明常侍遂至殞逝，聞之傷怛。此賢儒術該通，志用稽古，溫厚淳和，倫雅弘篤。授經以來，迄今二紀。若其上交不諂，造膝忠規，非顯外迹，得之胸懷者，蓋亦積矣。攝官連率，行當言歸，不謂長往，眇成疇日。追憶談緒，皆爲悲端，往矣如何！昔經聯事，理當酸愴也。」

In the fifth year he again became erudite of the Imperial University, with regular attendant and rectifier duties as before. That same year, in his existing office he received temporary credentials and acted as overseer of Northern Yanzhou affairs. In the first year of Datong he died at the age of eighty-five. An edict posthumously appointed him attendant-in-chief and general of trustworthy prestige. His posthumous title was Zhizi, "The Sincere." Crown Prince Zhaoming performed mourning rites for him, sent funeral gifts of one hundred thousand cash and one hundred bolts of cloth, and dispatched attendant Wang Yan to oversee the funeral affairs. He also sent a letter to the former left chief clerk of the Secretariat, Yin Yun, saying, "Word has come from Northern Yanzhou; attendant-in-ordinary Ming has now passed away—hearing it wounds me deeply. This worthy man's Confucian learning was comprehensive and penetrating; his will and application investigated antiquity; he was warm, thick, pure, and harmonious, elegant in conduct and broadly sincere. From the time he lectured on the classics until now has been twenty-four years. As for his dealings with superiors without flattery, loyal admonitions spoken knee to knee—not outward traces made visible but gained from the heart—there was also much accumulated. He held office as acting overseer of the commandery and was about to speak of returning; I did not expect a long departure, yet in a blink it became days past. Recalling our talks, all become beginnings of grief—he is gone, alas! Formerly we were joined in office—by right one should be bitterly sorrowful."

山賓累居學官，甚有訓導之益，然性頗疏通，接於諸生，多所狎比，人皆愛之。所著《吉禮儀注》二百二十四卷，《禮儀》二十卷，《孝經喪禮服義》十五卷。

Shanbin repeatedly held academic offices and was greatly beneficial in instruction and guidance, yet his nature was rather open and easy; in dealing with students he was much given to familiar intimacy, and all loved him. His works included Annotated Auspicious Rites in 224 fascicles, Rites in 20 fascicles, and Exegesis on Mourning Garments for the Classic of Filial Piety in 15 fascicles.

子震，字興道，亦傳父業。歷官太學博士，太子舍人，尚書祠部郎，餘姚令。

His son Zhen, styled Xingdao, also inherited his father's profession. He held office as erudite of the Imperial Academy, attendant of the heir apparent, director of the sacrificial section in the Secretariat, and magistrate of Yuyao.

殷鈞字季和，陳郡長平人也。晉太常融八世孫。父叡，有才辯，知名齊世，歷官司徒從事中郎。叡妻王奐女。奐爲雍州刺史、鎮北將軍，乃言於朝，以叡爲鎮北長史、河南太守。奐誅，叡並見害。鈞時年九歲，以孝聞。及長，恬靜簡交遊，好學有思理。善隸書，爲當時楷法，南鄉范雲、樂安任昉，並稱賞之。高祖與叡少舊故，以女妻鈞，卽永興公主也。

Yin Jun, styled Jihe, came from Changping in Chen commandery. He was an eighth-generation descendant of Yin Rong, who had served Jin as Minister of Ceremonies. His father Rui had talent in debate and was renowned in the Qi age, holding office as aide-de-camp to the minister of works. Rui's wife was a daughter of Wang Huan. Huan was inspector of Yong Province and general who pacifies the north; he spoke to the court and had Rui appointed chief clerk of the pacifying north and administrator of Henan. When Huan was executed, Rui was also killed. Jun was then nine years old and became known for filial piety. When grown he was tranquil and quiet, sparing in social dealings, fond of learning and possessed of reflective understanding. He was skilled in clerical script and was the standard model of the age; Fan Yun of Nanyang and Ren Fang of Le'an both praised and admired him. The emperor and Rui had been old friends from youth; he gave his daughter in marriage to Jun—she was the Princess of Yongxing.

天監初，拜駙馬都尉，起家秘書郎、太子舍人、司徒主簿、秘書丞。鈞在職，啓校定秘閣四部書，更爲目錄。又受詔料檢西省法書古迹，別爲品目。遷驃騎從事中郎，中書郎、太子家令、掌東宮書記。頃之，遷給事黃門侍郎、中庶子、尚書吏部郎、司徒左長史，侍中。東宮置學士，復以鈞爲之。公事免。復爲中庶子，領國子博士、左驍騎將軍，博士如故。出爲明威將軍、臨川內史。

Early in the Tianjian era he was appointed commandant of the horse guards for the imperial son-in-law and began his career as secretary, attendant of the heir apparent, chief clerk of the Secretariat, and director of the Secretariat. While in office Jun memorialized to collate and fix the four categories of books in the secret archive and compile a new catalogue. He also received an imperial order to examine and sort the model calligraphy and ancient works in the western office, setting them apart in categories. He was promoted to aide-de-camp to the rapid cavalry general, director of the Secretariat, steward of the heir apparent's household, and oversaw the Eastern Palace records. Soon he was promoted to attendant gentleman of the yellow gate, junior tutor, director of the Ministry of Personnel in the Secretariat, left chief clerk of the Secretariat, and attendant-in-chief. When the Eastern Palace appointed scholars, Jun was again chosen. He was dismissed on account of a public matter. He again became junior tutor, concurrently erudite of the Imperial University and general of the left rapid cavalry, with erudite duties as before. He left the capital as general of illustrious prestige and internal administrator of Linchuan.

鈞體羸多疾，閉閤臥治，而百姓化其德，劫盜皆奔出境。嘗禽劫帥，不加考掠，但和言誚責。劫帥稽顙乞改過，鈞便命遣之，後遂爲善人。郡舊多山瘧，更暑必動，自鈞在任，郡境無復瘧疾。母憂去職，居喪過禮，昭明太子憂之，手書誡喻曰：「知比諸德，哀頓爲過，又所進殆無一溢，甚以酸耿。迥然一身，宗奠是寄，毀而滅性，聖教所不許。宜微自遣割，俯存禮制，穀粥果蔬，少加勉強。憂懷旣深，指故有及，並令繆道臻口具。」鈞答曰：「奉賜手令，並繆道臻宣旨，伏讀感咽，肝心塗地。小人無情，動不及禮，但稟生尫劣，假推年歲，罪戾所鐘，復加橫疾。頃者綿微，守盡晷漏，目亂玄黃，心迷哀樂，惟救危苦，未能以遠理自製。姜桂之滋，實聞前典，不避粱肉，復忝今慈，臣亦何人，降此憂愍。謹當循復聖言，思自補續，如脫申延，實由亭造。」服闋，遷五兵尚書，猶以頓瘵經時，不堪拜受，乃更授散騎常侍、領步兵校尉，侍東宮。尋改領中庶子。昭明太子薨，官屬罷，又領右遊擊，除國子祭酒，常侍如故。中大通四年，卒，時年四十九。諡曰貞子。二子：構，渥。

Jun's body was frail and he suffered many illnesses; he shut his doors and governed from bed, yet the common people were transformed by his virtue and bandits all fled beyond the borders. Once he captured a bandit chief and did not apply torture, but only with gentle words reproached and blamed him. The bandit chief knocked his forehead to the ground begging to reform his faults; Jun then ordered him released, and afterward he became a good man. The commandery had long suffered much mountain malaria; whenever the season turned hot it would flare up, but from the time Jun held office there was no more malaria within the commandery borders. He left office to mourn his mother; in observing mourning he exceeded the rites. Crown Prince Zhaoming was concerned and personally wrote an admonition, saying, "Knowing your various virtues, your grief and prostration are excessive, and what you take in is scarcely not overflowing—this greatly pains me. You stand alone in the world; the ancestral sacrifices depend on you. To destroy yourself and extinguish your nature is what the sage's teaching does not permit. You should slightly restrain yourself and bow to preserve the rites; grain porridge, fruits, and vegetables—exert yourself a little to take them. My concern is already deep; my meaning reaches back to former times, and I have also ordered Miu Daozhen to deliver this orally in full." Jun replied, "I have received your handwritten order and Miu Daozhen's announcement of your intent; bowing, I read it and am choked with feeling, my liver and heart laid upon the ground. This petty man is without feeling; my movements do not reach the rites, but I was endowed with life weak and inferior, falsely advanced in years, crimes and faults heaped upon me, and again sudden severe illness was added. Recently I have been frail and slight, keeping watch through every measure of day and night; my eyes are confused by black and yellow, my heart lost between grief and joy; I only rescue myself from peril and suffering and have not been able to restrain myself by distant principle. The nourishment of ginger and cassia—I have truly heard of it in former canons; not avoiding millet and meat, I again receive your present kindness—what sort of man am I that you lower this concern and compassion upon me. I shall respectfully follow and restore the sage's words and think to repair and continue myself; if I escape and prolong my life, it will truly be by your pavilion's making." When mourning ended he was promoted to director of the five armies in the Secretariat, but because of prolonged severe illness he could not bear to accept the appointment on bended knee; he was therefore given instead regular attendant of the scattered cavalry and colonel of the foot soldiers, attending the Eastern Palace. Soon he was changed to concurrently serve as junior tutor. When Crown Prince Zhaoming passed away the official staff was dismissed; Jun again concurrently served as right mobile strike general, was appointed libationer of the Imperial University, and retained his regular attendant post as before. In the fourth year of Zhongdatong he died at the age of forty-nine. His posthumous title was Zhenzi, "The Upright." He had two sons: Gou and Wo.

陸襄字師卿，吳郡吳人也。父閑，齊始安王遙光揚州治中。永元末，遙光據東府作亂，或勸閑去之。閑曰：「吾爲人吏，何所逃死。」臺軍攻陷城，閑見執，將刑，第二子絳求代死，不獲，遂以身蔽刃，刑者俱害之。襄痛父兄之酷，喪過於禮，服釋後猶若居憂。

Lu Xiang, styled Shiqing, came from Wu county in Wu commandery. His father Xian had been administrator of Yangzhou under the Prince of Shi'an of Qi, Xiao Yaoguang. At the end of the Yongyuan era Yaoguang seized the Eastern Palace and raised rebellion; some urged Xian to leave him. Xian said, "I am a man's officer—where could I flee from death?" The imperial army attacked and took the city; Xian was seized and about to be executed. His second son Jiang begged to die in his place but was not permitted; he then shielded the blade with his body, and the executioners killed them both. Xiang grieved the cruelty done to his father and brother; his mourning exceeded the rites, and after the mourning garments were removed he still seemed to be in grief.

天監三年，都官尚書范岫表薦襄，起家擢拜著作佐郎，除永寧令。秩滿，累遷司空臨川王法曹，外兵，輕車廬陵王記室參軍。昭明太子聞襄業行，啓高祖引與游處，除太子洗馬，遷中舍人，並掌管記。出爲揚州治中，襄父終此官，固辭職，高祖不許，聽與府司馬換廨居之。昭明太子敬耆老，襄母年將八十，與蕭琛、傅昭、陸杲每月常遣存問，加賜珍羞衣服。襄母嘗卒患心痛，醫方須三升粟漿，是時冬月，日又逼暮，求索無所。忽有老人詣門貨漿，量如方劑，始欲酬直，無何失之，時以襄孝感所致也。累遷國子博士，太子家令，復掌管記，母憂去職。襄年已五十，毀頓過禮，太子憂之，日遣使誡喻。服闋，除太子中庶子，復掌管記。中大通三年，昭明太子薨，官屬罷，妃蔡氏別居金華宮，以襄爲中散大夫、領步兵校尉、金華宮家令、知金華宮事。

In the third year of Tianjian the director of the capital office, Fan Xiu, memorialized to recommend Xiang; he began his career with direct appointment as assistant gentleman author, then was appointed magistrate of Yongning. When his term ended he rose through the legal bureau under the minister of works, Prince of Linchuan, then outer army, then recorder on the staff of the light chariots general, Prince of Luling. Crown Prince Zhaoming heard of Xiang's conduct and achievement and memorialized the emperor to bring him into association and companionship; he was appointed groom of the heir apparent's household, promoted to palace attendant, and jointly managed the records. He went out as administrator of Yangzhou; Xiang's father had died in this office, and he firmly declined the post. The emperor did not permit it but allowed him to exchange residences with the prefectural marshal. Crown Prince Zhaoming respected the aged; Xiang's mother was nearing eighty, and together with Xiao Chen, Fu Zhao, and Lu Gao he monthly sent inquiries after her welfare and additionally bestowed delicacies and clothing. Xiang's mother once suddenly suffered heart pain; the medical prescription required three sheng of millet gruel. It was then winter, and the day was already nearing dusk; they sought everywhere and found nothing. Suddenly an old man came to the door selling gruel; the amount matched the prescription. Just as they were about to pay the price, he vanished without trace; men of the time attributed it to Xiang's filial feeling moving heaven. He rose through erudite of the Imperial University and steward of the heir apparent's household, again managing the records, then left office to mourn his mother. Xiang was already fifty; his grief and prostration exceeded the rites, and the crown prince was concerned and daily sent envoys to admonish and instruct him. When mourning ended he was appointed junior tutor of the heir apparent and again managed the records. In the third year of Zhongdatong Crown Prince Zhaoming passed away and the official staff was dismissed; the consort of the Cai clan lived separately in Jinhua Palace, and Xiang was made grand master of palace leisure, colonel of the foot soldiers, steward of Jinhua Palace, and overseer of Jinhua Palace affairs.

七年，出爲鄱陽內史。先是，郡民鮮于琛服食修道法，嘗入山采藥，拾得五色幡眊，又於地中得石璽，竊怪之。琛先與妻別室，望琛所處，常有異氣，益以爲神。大同元年，遂結其門徒，殺廣晉令王筠，號上願元年，署置官屬。其黨轉相誑惑，有衆萬餘人。將出攻郡，襄先已帥民吏修城隍，爲備禦，及賊至，連戰破之，生獲琛，餘衆逃散。時鄰郡豫章、安成等守宰，案治黨與，因求賄貨，皆不得其實，或有善人盡室離禍，惟襄郡部枉直無濫。民作歌曰：「鮮于平後善惡分，民無枉死，賴有陸君。」又有彭李二家，先因忿爭，遂相誣告，襄引入內室，不加責誚，但和言解喻之，二人感恩，深自咎悔。乃爲設酒食，令其盡歡，酒罷，同載而還，因相親厚。民又歌曰：「陸君政，無怨家，鬥旣罷，仇共車。」在政六年，郡中大治，民李睍等四百二十人詣闕拜表，陳襄德化，求於郡立碑，降勑許之。又表乞留襄，襄固求還，徵爲吏部郎，遷秘書監，領揚州大中正。太清元年，遷度支尚書，中正如故。

In the seventh year he left the capital as internal administrator of Poyang. Earlier, a man of the commandery, Xianyu Chen, ingested elixirs and practiced the Way of cultivation; once entering the mountains to gather herbs he picked up a five-colored banner and cap, and also obtained a stone seal from the ground, privately marveling at it. Chen had earlier lived in a separate room from his wife; gazing toward where Chen dwelt there was often a strange aura, and they increasingly regarded him as divine. In the first year of Datong he then rallied his disciples, killed the magistrate of Guangjin Wang Yun, proclaimed the era name Shangyuan, and appointed official staff. His faction in turn deceived and misled one another, until they had a host of more than ten thousand men. About to march out to attack the commandery, Xiang had already led the people and officials in repairing the walls and moat for defense; when the rebels arrived he defeated them in successive battles, captured Chen alive, and the remaining host fled and scattered. At that time the defending officials of neighboring commanderies such as Yuzhang and Ancheng, in investigating and punishing accomplices, sought bribes on the pretext and none obtained the truth; sometimes good men had their whole households swept into calamity—only in Xiang's commandery were the wronged and the upright distinguished without excess. The people composed a song: "After Xianyu was pacified, good and evil were divided; the people died without injustice—thanks to Lord Lu." There were also the Peng and Li households, who first quarreled in anger and then accused each other falsely. Xiang brought them into his inner chamber, applied no blame or reproach, but only with gentle words explained and persuaded them; the two men were grateful and deeply repented their faults. He then set out wine and food for them and had them enjoy themselves fully; when the wine ended they returned in the same carriage and thereby became close and warm. The people again sang: "Lord Lu's governance—no families bearing grudges; when the fight ended, foes shared a carriage." In office for six years the commandery was greatly well governed; the commoner Li Xian and 420 others went to the capital to present a memorial at court, stating Xiang's moral transformation, and requested that a stele be erected in the commandery; an edict was issued granting permission. They also memorialized begging to retain Xiang, but Xiang firmly sought to return; he was summoned as director of the Ministry of Personnel, promoted to director of the Secretariat, and concurrently senior rectifier of Yangzhou. In the first year of Taiqing he was promoted to director of the revenue section and retained his rectifier duties as before.

二年，侯景舉兵圍宮城，以襄直侍中省。三年三月，城陷，襄逃還吳。賊尋寇東境，沒吳郡。景將宋子仙進攻錢塘，會海鹽人陸黯舉義，有衆數千人，夜出襲郡，殺偽太守蘇單于，推襄行郡事。時淮南太守文成侯蕭寧逃賊入吳，襄遣迎寧爲盟主，遣黯及兄子映公帥衆拒子仙。子仙聞兵起，乃退還，與黯等戰於松江，黯敗走，吳下軍聞之，亦各奔散。襄匿于墓下，一夜憂憤卒，時年七十。

In the second year Hou Jing raised troops and besieged the palace city; Xiang was assigned to serve directly in the attendant-in-chief office. In the third year, third month, the city fell; Xiang fled back to Wu. The rebels soon raided the eastern borders and overran Wu commandery. Jing's general Song Zixian advanced to attack Qiantang; at that time Lu An of Haiyan raised righteous arms with a host of several thousand men, sallied out by night to strike the commandery, killed the false administrator Su Danyu, and pushed Xiang to act in commandery affairs. At that time the administrator of Huainan, the Literary and Accomplished Marquis Xiao Ning, fled the rebels into Wu; Xiang sent to welcome Ning as league leader and dispatched An and his elder brother's son Yinggong to lead the host against Zixian. Zixian heard that troops had risen and then retreated; he fought with An and others at Song River; An was defeated and fled, and the armies below Wu, hearing of it, likewise each scattered and fled. Xiang hid beneath a tomb; in one night grief and anger overcame him and he died at the age of seventy.

襄弱冠遭家禍，終身蔬食布衣，不聽音樂，口不言殺害五十許年。侯景平，世祖追贈侍中、雲麾將軍。以建義功，追封餘干縣侯，邑五百戶。

Xiang in his weak-capping years suffered household calamity; all his life he ate vegetables and wore plain cloth, listened to no music, and for some fifty years did not speak of killing. When Hou Jing was pacified, Emperor Shizu posthumously appointed him attendant-in-chief and cloud-banner general. On account of his merit in raising righteous arms he was posthumously enfeoffed as marquis of Yugan county with a fief of five hundred households.

陳吏部尚書姚察曰：陸倕博涉文理，到洽匪躬貞勁，明山賓儒雅篤實，殷鈞靜素恬和，陸襄淳深孝性，雖任遇有異，皆列於名臣矣。 [1]

Yao Cha, director of the Ministry of Personnel of Chen, said: Lu Chui broadly penetrated literary principles; Dao Qia with his whole person was upright and firm; Ming Shanbin was elegant in Confucian learning and sincere and solid; Yin Jun was quiet, plain, tranquil, and harmonious; Lu Xiang was pure, deep, and filial in nature—though their appointments differed, all were listed among famous ministers. [1] Endnote marker.

全文以中華書局、一九七三年五月版《梁書》爲本校。

The full text has been collated against the Zhonghua shuju edition of the Book of Liang, May 1973.

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