1
梁書卷第四十六列傳第四十
Book of Liang, Volume 46, Biography 40
2
胡僧祐徐文盛杜崱兄岸弟幼安兄子龕陰子春
Hu Sengyou; Xu Wensheng; Du Ze; Du An; Du You'an; Du Kan; Yin Zichun
3
晚事世祖，爲鎮西錄事參軍。 侯景亂，西沮蠻反，世祖令僧祐討之，使盡誅其渠帥，僧祐諫，忤旨下獄。 大寶二年，侯景寇荊陝，圍王僧辯于巴陵，世祖乃引僧祐於獄，拜爲假節、武猛將軍，封新市縣侯，令赴援。 僧祐將發，謂其子曰：「汝可開兩門，一門擬朱，一門擬白。 吉則由朱門，凶則由白門。 吾不捷不歸也。」 世祖聞而壯之。 至楊浦，景遣其將任約率銳卒五千，據白塉，遙以待之。 僧祐由別路西上，約謂畏己而退，急追之，及於南安芊口，呼僧祐曰：「吳兒，何爲不早降？ 走何處去。」 僧祐不與之言，潛引卻，至赤砂亭，會陸法和至，乃與幷軍擊約，大破之，擒約送于江陵。 侯景聞之遂遁。 世祖以僧祐爲侍中、領軍將軍，徵還荊州。
Later he served Shizu as recorder on the Pacifying West staff. When Hou Jing rebelled the Western Ju rose; Shizu ordered Sengyou to put them down and kill every chieftain; Sengyou remonstrated, offended the throne, and was jailed. In Great Treasure year two Hou Jing raided Jing-Shan and besieged Wang Sengbian at Baling; Shizu freed Sengyou, made him acting staff bearer, General of Martial Ferocity, and Marquis of Xinxian, and sent him to relieve the siege. As he was about to march he told his son, "Prepare two gates—one for red, one for white. If I win, come in by the red gate; if I lose, by the white. I will not come home unless I win." Shizu heard and was stirred. At Yangpu, Jing sent Ren Yue with five thousand elites to hold White Embankment and wait for him. Sengyou took a side road west; Yue thought he had fled in fear and chased hard; at Nan'an Qian Ford he shouted to Sengyou, "Wu whelp—why not surrender now? Where can you run?" Sengyou would not answer but quietly withdrew; at Red Sand Pavilion Lu Fahe came up, and together they attacked Yue, broke him utterly, captured him, and sent him to Jiangling. Hou Jing heard and fled. Shizu made him palace attendant and commanding general and recalled him to Jingzhou.
4
承聖二年，進爲車騎將軍、開府儀同三司，餘悉如故。 西魏寇至，以僧祐爲都督城東諸軍事。 魏軍四面起攻，百道齊舉，僧祐親當矢石，晝夜督戰，獎勵將士，明於賞罰，衆皆感之，咸爲致死，所向摧殄，賊莫敢前。 俄而中流矢卒，時年六十三。 世祖聞之，馳往臨哭。 於是內外惶駭，城遂陷。
In Chengsheng year two he was promoted General of Chariots and Cavalry and Opening-the-Fortress with Three Staffs Equals; the rest unchanged. When Western Wei attacked, Shizu made him commander east of the city. Wei forces assaulted from every side, a hundred lines at once; Sengyou took arrows and stones himself, fighting day and night, clear in rewards and punishments—the men were stirred and died where they stood; nothing could stand before him; the enemy dared not come forward. Soon he was hit by a stray arrow and died at sixty-three. Shizu heard and rushed to mourn over the body. Inside and outside panicked, and the city fell.
5
徐文盛，字道茂，彭城人也。 世仕魏爲將。 父慶之，天監初，率千餘人自北歸款，未至道卒。 文盛仍統其衆，稍立功績，高祖甚優寵之。 大同末，以爲持節、督寧州刺史。 先是，州在僻遠，所管羣蠻不識教義，貪欲財賄，劫篡相尋，前後刺史莫能制。 文盛推心撫慰，示以威德，夷獠感之，風俗遂改。
Xu Wensheng, styled Daomao, was from Pengcheng. His family had served Wei as generals for generations. His father Qingzhi, early in Heavenly Surveillance, led over a thousand men south to defect but died on the way. Wensheng took over the troops, won merit step by step, and Gaozu favored him greatly. At the end of Great Unity he became staff bearer and inspector of Ning. The prefecture was remote; the tribes knew no law, only greed and raiding—no earlier governor had controlled them. Wensheng won them with sincerity and awed them with strength; the tribes were moved and manners changed.
6
太清二年，聞國難，乃召募得數萬人來赴。 世祖嘉之，以爲持節、散騎常侍、左衛將軍、督梁、南秦、沙、東益、巴、北巴六州諸軍事、仁威將軍、秦州刺史，授以東討之略。 於是文盛督衆軍東下，至武昌，遇侯景將任約，遂與相持。 久之，世祖又命護軍將軍尹悅、平東將軍杜幼安、巴州刺史王珣等會之，並受文盛節度。 擊任約於貝磯，約大敗，退保西陽。 文盛進據蘆洲，又與相持。 侯景聞之，乃率大衆西上援約，至西陽。 文盛不敢戰。 諸將咸曰：「景水軍輕進，又甚饑疲，可因此擊之，必大捷。」 文盛不許。 文盛妻石氏，先在建鄴，至是，景載以還之。 文盛深德景，遂密通信使，都無戰心，衆咸憤怨。 杜幼安、守簉等乃率所領獨進，與景戰，大破之，獲其舟艦以歸。 會景密遣騎從間道襲陷郢州，軍中兇懼，遂大潰。 文盛奔還荊州，世祖仍以爲城北面都督。 又聚贓汚甚多，世祖大怒，下令責之，數其十罪，除其官爵。 文盛旣失兵權，私懷怨望，世祖聞之，乃以下獄。 時任約被擒，與文盛同禁。 文盛謂約曰：「汝何不早降，令我至此。」 約曰：「門外不見卿馬跡，使我何遽得降？」 文盛無以答，遂死獄中。
In Supreme Clarity year two, hearing the capital was in peril, he raised tens of thousands and marched east. Shizu praised him and made him staff bearer, palace attendant, Left Guard general, commander of six prefectures' forces, General of Benevolent Might, and Qin inspector, with the eastern campaign plan. Wensheng led his host east; at Wuchang he met Ren Yue and stood locked. After long delay Shizu sent Yin Yue, Du You'an, Wang Xun, and others to join him, all under Wensheng. They fought Ren Yue at Shell Ford; Yue was routed and fell back on Xiyang. Wensheng took Reed Islet and faced him again. Hou Jing heard and led a great force west to save Yue, reaching Xiyang. Wensheng would not give battle. The generals said, "Jing's fleet came fast and is starving—we can strike now and win a great victory." Wensheng refused. Wensheng's wife Lady Shi had been in Jiankang; Jing now sent her back to him. Wensheng felt beholden to Jing and began secret correspondence; he would not fight—the army seethed with anger. Du You'an, Shouzao, and others led their men out alone, fought Jing, smashed him, and brought back his ships. Then Jing sent cavalry by a hidden road, took E prefecture, and the army collapsed in terror. Wensheng fled to Jingzhou; Shizu still made him commander of the north wall. He had also piled up loot; Shizu raged, rebuked him, listed ten crimes, and stripped his titles. Stripped of command, he nursed grievance; Shizu heard and jailed him. Ren Yue had been captured and shared his cell. Wensheng said to Yue, "Why did you not surrender sooner and spare me this?" Yue said, "I saw no hoofprints of yours outside the gate—how could I surrender so soon?" Wensheng had no reply and died in prison.
7
杜崱，京兆杜陵人也。 其先自北歸南，居於雍州之襄陽，子孫因家焉。 祖靈啓，齊給事中。 父懷寶，少有志節，常邀際會。 高祖義師東下，隨南平王偉留鎮襄陽。 天監中，稍立功績，官至驍猛將軍、梁州刺史。 大同初，魏梁州刺史元羅舉州內附，懷寶復進督華州。 值秦州所部武興氐王楊紹反，懷寶擊破之。 五年，卒於鎮。 崱卽懷寶第七子也。 幼有志氣，居鄉里以膽勇稱。 釋褐廬江驃騎府中兵參軍。 世祖臨荊州，仍參幕府，後爲新興太守。
Du Ze was from Dulings in Jingzhao. His forebears came south from the north and settled at Xiangyang in Yong; the family remained there. Grandfather Lingqi was a Qi court attendant. His father Huaibao had spirit and principle from youth and waited for his hour. When Gaozu's army marched east he stayed with Prince of Nanping Wei to hold Xiangyang. Under Heavenly Surveillance he rose through merit to General of Fierce Valor and Liang inspector. Early in Great Unity Yuan Luo, Wei inspector of Liang, surrendered; Huaibao was also made commander of Hua. Yang Zhao, Di king of Wu Xing in Qin, rebelled; Huaibao defeated him. In the fifth year he died in office. Ze was Huaibao's seventh son. From youth he had nerve and was known at home for boldness. He began as army recorder on the Lujiang Rapid Cavalry staff. When Shizu held Jingzhou he served on his staff, later becoming governor of Xinxing.
8
太清二年，隨岳陽王來襲荊州，世祖以與之有舊，密邀之。 崱乃與兄岸、弟幼安、兄子龕等夜歸于世祖，世祖以爲持節、信威將軍、武州刺史。 俄遷宣毅將軍，領鎮蠻護軍、武陵內史，枝江縣侯，邑千戶。 令隨王僧辯東討侯景。 至巴陵，會景來攻，數十日不剋而遁。 加侍中、左衛將軍，進爵爲公，增邑五百戶。 仍隨僧辯追景至石頭，與賊相持橫嶺。 及戰，景親率精銳，左右衝突，崱從嶺後橫截之，景乃大敗，東奔晉陵，崱入據城。 景平，加散騎常侍、持節、督江州諸軍事、江州刺史，增邑千戶。
In Supreme Clarity year two he came with the Prince of Yueyang to attack Jingzhou; Shizu, who knew him of old, secretly called him over. Ze came by night with his brother An, younger brother You'an, and nephew Kan; Shizu made him staff bearer, General of Trustworthy Might, and Wu inspector. Soon he became General Who Chastises the Yi, Barbarian-quelling Protector, interior minister of Wuling, and Marquis of Zhijiang with a thousand households. He was ordered to follow Wang Sengbian east against Hou Jing. At Baling Hou Jing attacked; after many days he could not win and fled. He was made palace attendant and Left Guard general, raised to duke, fief increased five hundred households. He followed Sengbian in pursuit to Stonehead and faced the bandit at Heng Ridge. In the fight Jing led his best men in person; Ze struck from behind the ridge; Jing was shattered and fled east to Jinling; Ze took the city. When Jing fell he was added palace attendant, staff bearer, Jiang commander, and Jiang inspector—fief increased a thousand households.
9
是月，齊將郭元建攻秦州刺史嚴超遠於秦郡，王僧辯令崱赴援。 陳霸先亦自歐陽來會，與元建大戰于士林，霸先令強弩射，元建衆卻。 崱因縱兵擊，大破之，斬首萬餘級，生擒千餘人，元建收餘衆而遁。 時世祖執王琳於江陵，其長史陸納等遂于長沙反，世祖徵崱與王僧辯討之。 承聖二年，及納等戰於車輪，大敗，陷其二壘，納等走保長沙，崱等圍之。 後納等降，崱又與王僧辯西討武陵王於硤口，至卽破平之。 於是旋鎮，遘疾卒。 詔曰：「崱，京兆舊姓，元凱苗裔。 家傳學業，世載忠貞。 自驅傳江渚，政號廉能。 推轂淺原，實聞清靜。 奄致殞喪，惻愴于懷。 可贈車騎將軍，加鼓吹一部。 諡曰武。」
That month Qi general Guo Yuanjian besieged Yan Chaoyuan at Qin; Wang Sengbian sent Ze to relieve him. Chen Baxian came from Ouyang to join; at Shilin they fought Guo Yuanjian; Baxian ordered heavy crossbows and Yuanjian's men fell back. Ze charged and broke them—ten thousand heads, a thousand prisoners; Yuanjian gathered what was left and fled. Shizu held Wang Lin at Jiangling; Lu Na rebelled at Changsha; Shizu called Ze and Wang Sengbian to suppress him. In Chengsheng year two they fought Lu Na at Wheel Ford, took two forts, and drove him to Changsha; Ze besieged the city. When Na surrendered Ze went west with Wang Sengbian against the Prince of Wuling at Gorge Mouth and broke him at once. He returned to his post, fell ill, and died. The edict said, "Ze, of the ancient house of Jingzhao, line of Yuan Kai. His clan carried learning; generation after generation served in loyalty. From service on the river isles his rule was called clean and capable. On the shallow fords of command one heard only of his quiet rule. Suddenly he is gone—grief pierces the heart. Let him be posthumously made General of Chariots and Cavalry, with martial music. Posthumous title: Martial."
10
崱兄弟九人，兄嵩、岑、嵸、岌、嶷、巘、岸及弟幼安，並知名當世。
Ze had nine brothers—Song, Cen, Cong, Ji, Yi, Yan, An, and the younger You'an—all famed in their time.
11
岸，字公衡。 少有武幹，好從橫之術。 太清中，與崱同歸世祖，世祖以爲持節、平北將軍、北梁州刺史，封江陵縣侯，邑一千戶。 岸因請襲襄陽，世祖許之。 岸乃晝夜兼行，先往攻其城，不剋。 岳陽至，遂走依其兄巘于南陽，巘時爲南陽太守。 岳陽尋遣攻陷其城，岸及巘俱遇害。
An, styled Gongheng. From youth he had martial talent and loved bold stratagems. In Supreme Clarity he returned with Ze; Shizu made him staff bearer, Pacifying North general, North Liang inspector, and Marquis of Jiangling with a thousand households. An asked to strike Xiangyang; Shizu agreed. He marched day and night and struck the city first—but could not take it. When the Prince of Yueyang came he fled to his brother Yan at Nanyang, who was then Nanyang governor. The prince soon took the city; An and Yan both perished.
12
幼安性至孝，寬厚，雄勇過人。 太清中，與兄崱同歸世祖，世祖以爲雲麾將軍、西荊州刺史，封華容縣侯，邑一千戶。 令與平南將軍王僧辯討河東王譽於長沙，平之。 又命率精甲一萬，助左衛將軍徐文盛東討侯景。 至貝磯，遇景將任約來逆，遂與戰，大敗之。 斬其儀同叱羅子通、湘州刺史趙威方等，傳首江陵。 乃進軍大舉，因與景相持。 別攻武昌，拔之。 景渡蘆洲上流以壓文盛等，幼安與衆軍攻之，景大敗，盡獲其舟艦。 會景密遣襲陷郢州，執刺史方諸等以歸，人情大駭，徐文盛由漢口遁歸，衆軍大敗，幼安遂降于景。 景殺之，以其多反覆故也。
You'an was deeply filial, open-handed and mild, yet fiercer than most in battle. In Supreme Clarity he returned with Ze; Shizu made him Cloud Banner general, West Jing inspector, and Marquis of Huarong with a thousand households. He was ordered with Wang Sengbian to campaign against the Prince of Hedong at Changsha and pacify him. He was also told to lead ten thousand armored men to aid Xu Wensheng against Hou Jing. At Shell Ford he met Ren Yue; they fought and broke him. They cut off Chiluo Zitong, Zhao Weifang of Xiangzhou, and others, and sent the heads to Jiangling. Then the host pushed forward and faced Jing in stalemate. He also attacked Wuchang and took it. Jing moved above Reed Islet to crush Wensheng; You'an attacked with the army, shattered Jing, and seized every ship. Then Jing sent raiders by a hidden road, took E prefecture, and captured Fang Zhu; panic spread; Wensheng fled up the Han; the army collapsed; You'an surrendered to Jing. Jing killed him for his repeated betrayals.
13
龕，崱第二兄岑之子。 少驍勇，善用兵，亦太清中與諸父同歸世祖，世祖以爲持節、忠武將軍、鄖州刺史，中廬縣侯，邑一千戶。 與叔幼安俱隨王僧辯討河東王，平之。 又隨僧辯下，繼徐文盛軍至巴陵，聞侯景襲陷郢州，西上將至，乃與僧辯等守巴陵以待之。 景至，圍之數旬，不剋而遁。 遷太府卿、安北將軍、督定州諸軍事、定州刺史，加通直散騎常侍，增邑五百戶。 仍隨僧辯追景至江夏，圍其城。 景將宋子仙棄城遁，龕追至楊浦，生擒之。 大寶三年，衆軍至姑孰，景將侯子鑒逆戰，龕與陳霸先、王琳等率精銳擊之，大敗子鑒，遂至於石頭。 景親率其黨會戰，龕與衆軍奮擊，大破景，景遂東奔。 論功爲最，授平東將軍、東揚州刺史，益封一千戶。
Kan was son of Ze's second brother Cen. From youth he was fierce and knew war; in Supreme Clarity he returned with his uncles; Shizu made him staff bearer, General of Loyal Martial, Yun inspector, and Marquis of Zhonglu with a thousand households. With his uncle You'an he followed Wang Sengbian against the Prince of Hedong and pacified him. Following Sengbian downriver he took over Wensheng's line at Baling; hearing Jing had taken E and was coming west, he and Sengbian held Baling to meet him. Jing besieged it for weeks, failed, and fled. He became Grand Treasurer, Pacifying North general, Ding commander and inspector, Direct and Regular Palace Attendant, fief up five hundred households. He followed Sengbian in pursuit to Jiangxia and besieged the city. Song Zixian abandoned the city and fled; Kan chased to Yangpu and took him alive. In Great Treasure year three the armies reached Gushu; Hou Zijian met them; Kan with Chen Baxian and Wang Lin led elites, broke Zijian, and pushed on to Stonehead. Jing fought in person; Kan and the host struck hard, shattered him, and Jing fled east. His merit ranked first; he was made Pacifying East general, East Yang inspector, fief up a thousand households.
14
承聖二年，又與王僧辯討陸納等於長沙，降之。 又征武陵王於西陵，亦平之。 後江陵陷，齊納貞陽侯以紹梁嗣，以龕爲震州刺史、吳興太守。 又除鎮南將軍、都督南豫州諸軍事、南豫州刺史、溧陽縣侯，給鼓吹一部。 又加散騎常侍、鎮東大將軍。 會陳霸先襲陷京師，執王僧辯殺之。 龕，僧辯之婿也，爲吳興太守。 以霸先旣非貴素，兵又猥雜，在軍府日，都不以霸先經心； 及爲本郡，每以法繩其宗門，無所縱捨，霸先銜之切齒。 及僧辯敗，龕乃據吳興以距之，遣軍副杜泰攻陳蒨於長城，反爲蒨所敗。 霸先乃遣將周文育討龕，龕令從弟北叟出距，又爲文育所破，走義興，霸先親率衆圍之。 會齊將柳達摩等襲京師，霸先恐，遂還與齊人連和。 龕聞齊兵還，乃降，遂遇害。
In Chengsheng year two he again followed Wang Sengbian against Lu Na at Changsha and forced surrender. He also campaigned against the Prince of Wuling at Xiling and pacified him. After Jiangling fell Qi set up the True Yang Marquis to continue Liang; Kan became Zhen inspector and Wuxing governor. He was also made Pacifying South general, South Yu commander and inspector, Marquis of Liyang, with martial music. He was also made Regular Palace Attendant and Great General Who Pacifies the East. Then Chen Baxian seized the capital, took Wang Sengbian, and killed him. Kan was Sengbian's son-in-law and governor of Wuxing. Baxian was low-born and his troops were a rabble; in headquarters days Kan never took him seriously; as home governor he bound his clan by law without mercy—Baxian hated him to the bone. When Sengbian fell Kan held Wuxing against him and sent Du Tai to strike Chen Qian at Changcheng—but Qian beat him. Baxian sent Zhou Wenyun against him; Kan sent his cousin Beisou out and was beaten again; he fled to Yixing and Baxian besieged him in person. Then Liu Damo of Qi struck the capital; Baxian feared and turned back to treat with Qi. When Kan heard Qi had withdrawn he surrendered—and was killed.
15
陰子春，字幼文，武威姑臧人也。 晉義熙末，曾祖襲，隨宋高祖南遷，至南平，因家焉。 父智伯，與高祖鄰居，少相友善，嘗入高祖臥內，見有異光成五色，因握高祖手曰：「公後必大貴，非人臣也。 天下方亂，安蒼生者，其在君乎！」 高祖曰：「幸勿多言。」 於是情好轉密，高祖每有求索，如外府焉。 及高祖踐阼，官至梁、秦二州刺史。
Yin Zichun, styled Youwen, was from Guzang in Wuwei. At the end of Jin Yixi his great-grandfather Xi followed Song Gaozu south to Nanping and settled there. His father Zhibo lived next to Gaozu; they were friends from youth; once he entered Gaozu's bedchamber and saw a five-colored light; he took Gaozu's hand and said, "You are destined for greatness—not the fate of a subject. The realm is in chaos; will you not be the one to save the people?" Gaozu said, "Say no more." Their bond deepened; whenever Gaozu needed anything it was as if he had another treasury. When Gaozu took the throne he rose to inspector of Liang and Qin.
16
子春，天監初，起家宣惠將軍、西陽太守。 普通中，累遷至明威將軍、南梁州刺史； 又遷信威將軍、都督梁、秦、華三州諸軍事、梁、秦二州刺史。 太清二年，討峽中叛蠻，平之。 徵爲左衛將軍，又遷侍中。 屬侯景亂，世祖令子春隨領軍將軍王僧辯攻邵陵王於郢州，平之。 又與左衛將軍徐文盛東討侯景，至貝磯，與景遇，子春力戰，恒冠諸軍，頻敗景。 值郢州陷沒，軍遂退敗。 大寶二年，卒於江陵。
Zichun began under Heavenly Surveillance as General of Manifest Grace and Xiyang governor. In the Ordinary era he rose to General of Bright Might and South Liang inspector; then General of Trustworthy Might, commander of Liang, Qin, and Hua, and inspector of Liang and Qin. In Supreme Clarity year two he put down rebel tribes in the gorges. He was summoned as Left Guard general, then made palace attendant. When Hou Jing rebelled Shizu ordered Zichun to follow Wang Sengbian against the Prince of Shaoling at E and pacify him. Again with Xu Wensheng he marched east against Hou Jing; at Shell Ford they met Jing; Zichun fought at the fore and beat him again and again. When E prefecture fell the army retreated in rout. In Great Treasure year two he died at Jiangling.
17
孫顥，少知名。 釋褐奉朝請，歷尚書金部郎。 後入周。 撰《瓊林》二十卷。
His grandson Hao was known while still young. He began as Court Attendant on Duty and rose to director of the Jin Department in the Secretariat. Later he went over to Zhou. He wrote Pavilions in Splendor in twenty scrolls.
18
史臣曰：胡僧祐勇幹有聞，搴旗破敵者數矣； 及捐軀殉節，殞身王事，雖古之忠烈，何以加焉。 徐文盛始立功績，不能終其成名，爲不義也。 杜崱識機變之理，知向背之宜，加以身屢典軍，頻殄寇逆，勳庸顯著，卒爲中興功臣。 義哉！ [1]
The historian writes: Hu Sengyou was famed for courage; again and again he took the standard and broke the foe; when he gave his life for the throne—even the martyrs of old—who could surpass him? Xu Wensheng won merit at first yet could not finish his fame—shame. Du Ze read the moment and chose the right side; he led armies again and again and crushed rebels—bright merit, a pillar of restoration. How righteous! Editorial footnote marker in the source text.
19
全文以中華書局、一九七三年五月版《梁書》爲本校。
The full text has been collated against the Zhonghua Shuju edition of the Book of Liang, May 1973.