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卷十一 本紀第十一: 聖宗二

Volume 11 Annals 11: Shengzong 2

Chapter 11 of 遼史 · History of Liao
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Chapter 11
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1
Shengzong, Part Two
2
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In the fourth year of Tonghe, on jiaxu day of the first spring month, the Emperor watched fishing at the Tuhu River. Yulin Yelü Molugu and Zhangde Army military commissioner Xiao Talan reported captives from the eastern campaign; an edict commended them. On bingzi day Commissioner of Military Affairs Yelü Xiezhen, yulin Qinde, and others reported more than a hundred thousand captives, more than two hundred thousand horses, and other goods taken in the Jurchen campaign. On jimao day the Emperor attended court before the Empress Dowager. The court cleared backlogged lawsuits. On renwu day Commissioner of Military Affairs Xiezhen, yulin Qinde, Molugu, military commissioner Talan, army commander Shiluo, Palace Attendant Mojie, Xi princely house overseer Dilie, and Anji and others, having broken the Jurchen and returned, were sent the attendant Niliji with an edict commending their merit; he clasped their hands in reassurance, granted wine and fruit, and rewarded them. On jiawu day the Emperor went to Changbiao. On renyin day in the second month Li Jizhong, supreme army commander of the fourth banner, was granted honorary Sikong and Grand Pillar of State. On guimao day Li Jiqian of Western Xia defected from Song and submitted; he was made Dingnan Army military commissioner, commissioner for the observation and disposition of Yin, Xia, Sui, and You prefectures, specially advanced honorary grand preceptor, and commander-in-chief of all military affairs in Xia Prefecture. The Western Tribes chieftain Waniqiyi was appointed Baoda Army military commissioner and commissioner for the observation and disposition of Fufang and other prefectures. On jiayin day Yelü Xiezhen, Xiao Talan, Molugu, and other tribal chiefs came to court; the court performed the yinzhi rite and rewarded them according to rank. On bingyin day the court encamped at Naolijing. In the third month, on jiaxu day, yuyue Xiuge reported that Song had sent Cao Bin, Cui Yanjin, and Mi Xin by the Xiongzhou route, Tian Chongjin by the Feihu route, and Pan Mei and Yang Jiye by the Yanmen route to invade; Qigou, Zhuo Prefecture, Gu'an, and Xincheng had all fallen. An edict ordered Commissioner of the Palace Attendants Puling to ride at once to southern Yan to consult with Xiuge on military affairs; envoys were sent separately to levy troops from the various divisions to reinforce Xiuge and strike the invaders; Eastern Capital regent Yelü Mojie was again ordered forward with the main army, and was granted a sword authorizing summary execution. On yihai day the court notified the imperial mausoleums, temples, and mountains and rivers that the Emperor would campaign in person. On bingzi day army commander Yelü Pide routed the Song army at Gu'an; Xiuge cut off their supplies, captured officers, and seized vast numbers of horses, cattle, and weapons. On gengchen day Huan Prefecture prefect Zhao Yanzhang surrendered the city and defected to Song. On xinsi day Song forces entered Zhuo Prefecture. Shunyi Army deputy military commissioner Zhao Xizan surrendered Shuozhou and defected to Song. At that time the Emperor and the Empress Dowager were encamped at Tuoluokou; an edict ordered the eastern levies to hurry forward as reinforcements. On renwu day an edict ordered yulin Qinde to hold the Pingzhou coast with troops against Song. Pingzhou military commissioner Diligu was also told that if Qinde had not yet arrived, men should be sent to hurry him forward; if horses ran short, civilian horses were to be requisitioned; if armor ran short, it was to be taken from the armory at Xian Prefecture. On guiwei day the Liao army fought Tian Chongjin of Song at Feihu and was defeated; Jizhou defense commissioner Da Pengyi, Kang Prefecture prefect Ma Yun, and cavalry commander He Wantong were taken. On dinghai day Northern Court Commissioner of Military Affairs Yelü Xiezhen was made overall commander of Shanxi horses and troops, Northern Court Commissioner of the Palace Attendants Puling was made overall commander of the southern campaign, and both served as deputies to yuyue Xiuge. Zhangguo Army military commissioner Ai Zheng and administrative aide Song Xiong surrendered Ying Prefecture and defected to Song. On gengyin day Flying Dragon envoy Yala and clerical officer Yadage were sent to inspect horses for the armies marching out first; an edict put Imperial Son-in-law Commander Xiao Jiyuan in charge. On xinmao day Wuding Army cavalry-and-infantry commander and Ying Prefecture defense commissioner Lü Xingde, deputy commander Zhang Jicong, cavalry commander Liu Zhijin, and others surrendered Feihu and defected to Song. On guisi day yulin Molugu was granted four sets of flags and drums and one sword, and ordered to lead the elite of the forbidden army south to assist Xiuge. On bingshen day infantry commander Mu Chao surrendered Lingqiu and defected to Song. An edict sent envoys to give Commissioner of Military Affairs Xiezhen secret instructions and the seal of Zhangguo Army military commissioner Shaowa to hurry the campaign. On the jihai new moon of the fourth summer month the court encamped at the northern suburbs of Nanjing. On gengzi day tihu Yaosheng and Southwest Route pacification commissioner Han Dewei reported victory. On xinchou day Pan Mei of Song took Yun Prefecture. On renyin day Mojie, Molugu, Qinde, and others were ordered to lead detached forces to assist Xiuge, and were again granted flags and drums and the Shaowa seal to reassure the officers. On guimao day Xiuge again reported victory; the Emperor offered wine and dried meat in sacrifice to heaven and earth. He led the ministers in offering congratulations to the Empress Dowager. An edict ordered Qinde to withdraw the army. On bingwu day Pide submitted the tally of captured armor and weapons. On wushen day overseer and Commissioner of the Palace Attendants Puling reported that the enemy had withdrawn, while Xi King Chouning, Northern Court Great King Pununing, army commander Pide, and others pursued and all won victories. Changshi Qinde was sent with an edict commending them, and Palace Attendant Mojie was ordered to command the armies and proceed to the imperial camp. Pinbu division military commissioner Heluqu, Huangpishi xiangwen Jieli, and others each submitted captured arms and armor. An edict again ordered two divisions of tuqi cavalry to march to Weizhou to assist Talan. Horizontal tent langjun Laojunnu led the langjun in patrolling north of Juyong. General Huage commanded Pingzhou horses and troops; horizontal tent langjun Nuge was made Huangpishi overseer and langjun Yeli Northern Court overseer; each led infantry to Weizhou to assist Xiezhen. On gengxu day Xiezhen was made overall commander of horses and troops on all routes, Talan deputy camp commander for horses and troops, and Dizi army overseer, replacing Daishanbu and Han Dewei. On guichou day, because Ai Zheng, Zhao Xizan, and the Ying and Shuo deputy military commissioners, the Xi army junior officer Aililixia, the Bohai junior officer Guanhai, and others had defected to Song, their households were registered and distributed among meritorious officers. Song generals Cao Bin and Mi Xin crossed the Juma River to the north and faced yuyue Xiuge in camp, challenging battle; the opposing camps stretched six or seven li north and south. At that time the Emperor was encamped fifty li east of Zhuo Prefecture. On jiayin day an edict ordered yuyue Xiuge, Xi King Chouning, Commissioner of the Palace Attendants Puling, the Northern and Southern Court kings, and others to guard the waterways strictly so that enemy troops could not slip through to Zhuo Prefecture. On yimao day Xiuge and the others routed the Song army, presented captured armor, weapons, and goods, and received an edict of commendation. Weizhou left and right chief clerks Li Cunzhang and Xu Yanqin and others killed military commissioner Xiao Chuoli, seized the city overseer, and took Copper Prefecture military commissioner Geng Shaozhong captive; they surrendered the city and defected to Song. On bingchen day Zhuo Prefecture was recovered and heaven and earth were notified. On wuwu day the Emperor encamped at the shoal north of the Shagu River and summoned yulin Qinde to discuss military affairs. Each of the officers presented his captives and booty. Xi King Chouning and the Northern and Southern Court kings led the officers of their divisions to court. The court sacrificed to heaven and earth with a fallen hawk presented by attendant Nianmili. On jiwei day Xiuge and Puling came to court; an edict ordered the Three Departments to supply summer clothing cloth to the armies at the front. On gengshen day the Emperor attended court before the Empress Dowager. On xinyou day the main army encamped at Gu'an. On renxu day the army besieged Gu'an; army commander Pide was first over the wall, the city fell, and captives were taken freely. Residents who had earlier been taken captive were allowed to ransom themselves with official goods. On jiazi day the troops who stormed the city were rewarded according to rank. In the fifth month, on gengwu day, the Liao army fought Cao Bin and Mi Xin at Qigou Pass and crushed them, pursuing to the Juma River; the drowned were beyond counting. The survivors fled to Gaoyang and were struck again by the Liao army; tens of thousands died and cast off arms and armor in heaps like hills. Several tens of thousands of grain-transport conscripts hid in the empty city at Qigou and were surrounded. On renshen day, because it was the Empress Dowager's birthday, the siege was lifted and they were allowed to go. On guiyou day the army withdrew and encamped again at Xincheng. Xiuge and Puling reported that all Song soldiers caught in flight were killed. On jiaxu day, because of the victory, envoys were sent separately to announce it to the various capitals and garrison commands. On dingchou day an edict ordered the various officers that merit would be assessed and rewards granted without favoritism or false credit. On jimao day the court encamped south of Gu'an and sacrificed a green ox and white horse to heaven and earth. On gengchen day captured Song men were used in the ghost-arrow rite. An edict sent xiangwen Paiya to lead Hongyi army troops and the four armies of the Northern and Southern Pishi, langjun, and zhaila to the borders of Ying and Shuo prefectures to join tihu Yaosheng, pacification commissioner Han Dewei, and others in holding off Song forces in Shanxi that had not yet withdrawn. On xinsi day Yaosheng's army was dispatched to Shanxi. On renwu day the court encamped again at Nanjing. On guiwei day Xiuge, Chouning, and Pununing presented captives. Xiezhen sent judge Pugu to report the recovery of Weizhou; more than twenty thousand heads were taken; pressing the victory, Lingqiu and Feihu were also captured; Pugu was granted wine and silver vessels. On bingxu day the court attended at Yuanhe Hall and held a great banquet for the officers who had followed the campaign; Xiuge was enfeoffed King of Song; Puling, Chouning, Pununing, and other meritorious officers received titles and rewards according to rank. On dinghai day the court left Nanjing; an edict ordered Xiuge to ready armor and weapons, store grain, and wait until autumn for a major southern campaign. On wuzi day Xiezhen reported that the Song army had again besieged Weizhou and was routed. An edict assigned troops to Yaosheng, Han Dewei, and others. On renchen day, because Song troops had reached Ping Prefecture and Yaosheng and Han Dewei had not pursued and destroyed them fully, an edict descended rebuking them. They were also told that any who still held cities and had not submitted must be overrun and killed to the last, with none allowed to escape. On guisi day surrendered soldiers from the front were distributed among the imperial escort. On yiwei day the officers, soldiers, and troops under Pide were rewarded. On the wuxu new moon of the sixth month an edict ordered Han Dewei to come to court; army commander Pide was additionally granted honorary grand preceptor. On jiachen day an edict ordered Nanjing regent Xiuge to send artillerymen west to assist Xiezhen. On yisi day the yilibi Zheligu division escorted baggage to the mobile palace; forced to march fifty li a day in summer heat, men and horses were exhausted; envoys were sent to rebuke them. On dingwei day the court passed through Juyong Pass. On renzi day the Nanjing regent reported that the people's annual payment of Three Departments salt-and-iron money, when converted to silk, fell short of its value; an edict ordered the amount increased. On jiayin day Xiezhen reported the recovery of Huan Prefecture. On yimao day the imperial consort, princes, and princesses welcomed the Emperor beyond the pass; they set an imperial canopy beside the road, placed Emperor Jingzong's portrait, led the attending ministers in presenting wine, displayed captives before them, and then held a great banquet. On wuwu day the court went to Liangyi Pass. Captives were distributed among the imperial clan and wet nurses. On jiwei day word came that envoys sent to announce policy to the Uyghur, Heliege guodu Li, Yali, and others had been detained by Zhubugu; an edict ordered Susa to present Zhubugu with gifts and explain the court's wish to win over distant peoples, and the envoys were then allowed to continue. On guihai day Military Commissioner Han Pige, Hanlin academician Xing Baopu, and others were appointed Yunzhou announcement and pacification commissioners. On bingyin day the prisoners taken by Grand Preceptor Wang Ba were divided and distributed to Consort Zhao and yuyue Dilian Yiliwan. On bingzi day in the seventh autumn month Commissioner of Military Affairs Xiezhen sent attendants Nielidi and Gan Qinge to report the recovery of Shuozhou and the capture of Song general Yang Jiye and to present the seals, cords, patents, and orders taken by the Emperor; Nielidi and the others received wine and silver vessels. On xinsi day the court announced the victory to Heaven and Earth. Two hundred forty Song subjects who had submitted were divided among the accompanying ministers. Because so many enemies had been killed, an edict also ordered a month-long Buddhist service at Shangjing's Kailong Monastery and the feeding of ten thousand monks. On xinmao day Xiezhen reported that the main army had reached Weizhou and encamped west of the prefecture seat. On receiving a spy report that enemy troops were approaching, he laid an ambush and waited. When the enemy arrived he counterattacked, pursued the fleeing force northward, and drove it as far as Flying Fox Pass. Then, pressing the advantage, the army advanced westward to the beat of drums. They entered Huanzhou and killed more than a thousand defending officials and soldiers. Song general Yang Jiye had prided himself on martial prowess and was called Yang the Invincible; holding Yun, Shuozhou, and several northern prefectures, he now led his force thirty li south from Shuozhou to Langya Village, but disliking the name he refused to go farther; His attendants pressed him again and again before he went on. He met Xiezhen; ambushes sprang up on every side; struck by an arrow he fell from his horse and was taken. His wounds festered; he took no food and died after three days. His head was then boxed and sent up as tribute. An edict ordered xiangwen Xia Maishi to carry the head to yuyue Xiuge for display to the armies and to announce the Shuozhou victory to the officers of Nanjing and Pingzhou. From then on Song defenders of Yun, Ying, and the other prefectures, hearing that Jiye was dead, all abandoned their cities and fled. On the dingyou new moon of the eighth month six xianli talan posts were established to oversee officials on the registers from the Yugu Li, Jurchen, Dilie Yu, and other divisions. Northern Great King Pununing was appointed overseer of the five prefectures west of the mountains. On yisi day Han Derang memorialized that in prefectures and districts plundered by Song troops grain abandoned by fleeing commoners should be gathered by hired labor, with half given to those who gathered it, and the court agreed. On yimao day Xiezhen returned from campaign and presented prisoners. On jiwei day, on the advice of Shifang and Han Derang, this year's land tax in Shanxi was remitted. An edict ordered the merits and faults of Shanxi generals and officers to be ranked and rewarded or punished accordingly. Yishi tent chancellor Anning, whose merit and fault balanced out, had one patent of office revoked; Diju division Military Commissioner Fonu was flogged fifty blows. Tihu Yaosheng, zhailie Lie, Shuozhou Military Commissioner Shensi, Yingzhou Military Commissioner Guzhi, Yunzhou Military Commissioner Huage, army officer Li Yuandi, Weizhou Military Commissioner Foliu, overseer Cui Qi, and Liu Jichen all lost their posts for fleeing when they heard of the enemy; Lie was further assigned to his native register; Imperial In-law Army commander Wang Liu was flogged fifty blows. On renxu day the generals and officers under Xiezhen, who had first defeated the Jurchen and later won victory over Song, were ranked by merit and given added rewards. On guihai day Xiezhen was promoted to Grand Preceptor. On the bingyin new moon of the ninth month the Grand Consort, having already presented gifts after the Empress's investiture, further sent clothing, camels, and horses to assist the marriage gifts and distributions. On jiaxu day the court halted at Black River; on the Double Ninth the Emperor climbed the southern hill at Gaoshui and sacrificed to Heaven. Chrysanthemum wine was granted to the wives of the accompanying ministers. On dingchou day the court encamped north of Heyang. On wuyin day inner and outer titled ladies presented marriage gifts. On xinsi day Empress Xiao was invested. On bingxu day the court halted at Ru Prefecture; with the main army preparing to march south, an edict ordered Pishi xiangwen Qidi and langjun zhailie to go ahead to their armies to repair armor and weapons. On jichou day Northern Great King Pununing was summoned to the imperial camp. On jiawu day the Empress Dowager performed the rebirth rite. On the bingchen new moon of the tenth winter month the Tangut and Zubu sent envoys with tribute. On dingyou day the Empress Dowager again performed the rebirth rite, sacrificing to the spirits to pray for the Emperor's blessing. On jihai day Yishi royal tent langjun Wuliu was appointed censor-in-chief. Chief councillor Shifang memorialized that since the Song invasion the people of the four Shanxi prefectures had been displaced and banditry had spread, and asked that the authorities be ordered to suppress it; Xinzhou Military Commissioner Puda Li was ordered to select men to patrol by separate routes. Northern Great King tent langjun Hegu Zhili reported seventeen crimes committed by his prince Pununing; an edict ordered Horizontal Tent Grand Guardian Heguo to investigate and try him. Pununing confessed to eleven of the charges and was flogged twenty blows and released. Hegu Zhili also confessed to six counts of false accusation and was ordered to receive a carefully determined punishment. Clerk Qinde was punished by association: beaten one hundred blows and dismissed from office. On jiachen day the court passed out through Juyong Pass. On yisi day an edict ordered the various capitals and garrison towns to march in succession with the army and temporarily suspend routine minor business. On gengxu day zhailie were dispatched along the border to scout. On xinhai day the imperial clan's Lu tent was ordered to encamp at Eastern Capital Yanfang Marsh. On renzi day an edict ordered an imperial patent delivered to yuyue Xiuge to announce the southern campaign to the six prefectures south of the Juma River. On yimao day the Emperor visited Nanjing. On wuwu day, on memorial from Southern Court Great King Liuning, this year's land tax of the Southern Court divisions was remitted. On renxu day silver sable, blue sable, and other goods were granted to capital officials, monks and Daoists, and elders. On jiazi day the Emperor and the great ministers divided into teams and played cuju. On the bingyin new moon of the eleventh month the Tangut came with tribute. On gengwu day Chief Councillor Han Derang was promoted to Grand Preceptor. On renshen day, because levies at Gubei, Songting, and Yugu Pass were unlawful and blocked merchants and travelers, envoys were sent to investigate. The Jurchen asked to follow the campaign with troops, and the request was granted. On guiyou day the Emperor held court in the Main Hall and greatly rewarded the southern campaign generals and officers. On bingzi day the southern expedition halted at Xiadi Pass, and the Empress Dowager newly inspected the baggage train, armor, and weapons. On dingchou day Xiuge was appointed vanguard commander-in-chief. On wuyin day, the winter solstice, the Emperor led the accompanying ministers to sacrifice and offer wine before Emperor Jingzong's portrait. On xinsi day an edict ordered Northern Great King Pununing to reside at Fengsheng Prefecture and jointly decide all public business of the five Shanxi prefectures with Military Commissioner Puda Li. On guiwei day the court sacrificed to the sun and moon to pray for the blessing of Imperial Son-in-law Commander Qinde. On yiyou day overseers of the various divisions were established, ordering each division to keep to its own camp and not mix ranks. On bingxu day Molugu and Imperial Son-in-law Xiao Jiyuan were dispatched to patrol the border. Captured Song soldiers were used to shoot ghost arrows. On dinghai day the court sacrificed the blue ox and white horse to Heaven and Earth. On xinmao day the court halted at White Pagoda River; a tame fox that had come of itself was taken as a lucky sign, and Heaven and Earth were sacrificed to. An edict ordered Imperial Son-in-law Xiao Jiyuan, yuyue Molugu, and Grand Preceptor Lin Ba to hold the frontier firm and let no spies slip through. In the army no one might gallop without cause, nor might the troops wantonly destroy mulberry trees and fruit in the southern borderlands. On renchen day the army reached Tangxing County. At that time Song troops were encamped north of the Hutuo Bridge; selected officers shot at them in disorder; the bridge could not be held, and the Liao force advanced and burned it. On guisi day they crossed the Sha River, and Xiuge came to discuss military affairs. Northern Pishi xiangwen Paiya presented two captured Song spies; the Emperor granted them clothing and ordered them back to win over Taizhou. Chute division Military Commissioner Lubugu and overseer Yelü Pan fought Song at Taizhou and were defeated. On jiawu day the court sacrificed to the Milu Spirit. Because Lubugu had fled in battle, one patent of office was revoked; his administrative assistant and overseer were each beaten with the staff. Langjun zhailie Shuang Guli encountered the Song vanguard at Wangdu, captured nine soldiers, and took eleven suits of armor and horses; he received wine and silver vessels. On yiwei day an edict announced the crimes of Lubugu and others to the armies. Yuzhan langjun Huage was made acting Chute division military commissioner and Horizontal Tent langjun Foliu overseer, replacing Lubugu. Acting Imperial In-law Army commander Tao Wei asked that two officers be appointed to command scattered soldiers; an edict appointed langjun Yiyin, Pode, and others. Zhangde Army Military Commissioner Xiao Talan and General Dizi were ordered to sweep the eastern route. An edict ordered Xiuge, Paiya, and others to discuss military affairs. On jihai day in the twelfth month Xiuge defeated the Song army at Wangdu and sent men to present prisoners. On renyin day the army encamped north of the Hutuo; an edict ordered Xiuge to use cavalry to cut off the Song army and keep it from entering Xingzhou; Grand Preceptor Wang Liu was ordered to scout. On guimao day junior officer He Zhu encountered a Song baggage train, led troops to kill and capture in great numbers, and burned their fodder and grain. On jiachen day an edict ordered the Southern Great King to join Xiuge in a combined advance and Chancellor Anning to command the Dilie division and the Three Ke armies as rear guard. The Emperor led the main army against Song generals Liu Tingrang and Li Jingyuan at Mo Prefecture and defeated them. On yisi day Song generals He Lingtu, Yang Chongjin, and others were captured. Imperial In-law xiangwen Taliege and Palace Attendant Xiao Dali died in battle. On bingwu day an edict summoned Xiuge and his subordinates into the inner hall and granted them wine in reward. On dingwei day a victory mound was built. The Nanjing Forbidden Army again attacked Yang Tuan City, and the garrison commander surrendered the city. An edict forbade looting. On jiyou day the court encamped at Shenyu Village and ordered reports on the grain and arms at Yang Tuan City. On xinhai day the court sacrificed to Heaven and Earth with black and white victims. On guichou day the army took Fengmu Garrison and permitted extensive looting and the taking of captives. On bingchen day Xing Prefecture submitted. On dingsi day the army stormed Shen Prefecture; because it did not surrender at once, the garrison commander and his subordinates were executed and the troops were turned loose to plunder. Li Jiqian came to the frontier with five hundred horsemen to submit, asked for a marriage alliance with the court, and pledged to serve forever as a border vassal. An edict enfeoffed Ting, daughter of Prince's Tent military commissioner Yelü Xiang, as Princess Yicheng and gave her in marriage to him, with a grant of three thousand horses.
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