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禮志三 〈(軍儀)〉
Treatise on Rites, Part Three (Military Rites)〉
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皇帝親征儀:常以秋冬,應敵制變或無時。 將出師,必先告廟。 乃立三神主祭之:曰先帝,曰道路,曰軍旅。 刑青牛白馬以祭天地。 其祭,常依獨樹; 無獨樹,即所舍而行之。 或皇帝服介胄,祭諸先帝宮廟,乃閱兵。 將行,牝牡麃各一為礻厭祭。 將臨敵,結馬尾,祈拜天地而後入。 下城克敵,祭天地,牲以白黑羊。 班師,以所獲牡馬、牛各一祭天地。 出師以死囚,還師以一諜者,植柱縛其上,於所向之方亂射之,矢集如猬,謂之「射鬼箭」。
Rites for the Emperor's Personal Campaign: these are usually performed in autumn and winter, though they may be adapted to the enemy and shifting circumstances, or held at no fixed season. Before troops take the field, the emperor must first announce the campaign at the ancestral temple. Three spirit tablets are then erected and offered sacrifice: to the Former Emperors, to the Road, and to the Army. A black ox and a white horse are slaughtered as offerings to Heaven and Earth. The sacrifice is usually performed beside a solitary tree; if no solitary tree is available, it is conducted wherever the camp is pitched. Sometimes the emperor dons armor, offers sacrifice at the palaces and temples of his predecessors, and then inspects the troops. Just before departure, one male and one female elk are sacrificed in an exorcistic rite. On the eve of battle, the horses' tails are bound, Heaven and Earth are invoked in prayer, and only then do the troops advance. When a city falls and the enemy is overcome, Heaven and Earth are honored with sacrifices of white and black sheep. On the army's return, one captured stallion and one captured ox are offered to Heaven and Earth. On departure a condemned prisoner is used; on return, a captured spy. The victim is bound to a stake, and the troops shoot wildly toward the direction of march until the arrows stand thick as quills on a hedgehog. This is called "Shooting the Ghost Arrows."
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臘儀:臘,十二月辰日。 前期一日,詔司豬官選豬地。 其日,皇帝、皇后焚香拜日畢,設圍,命豬夫張左右翼。 司豬官奏成列,皇帝、皇后升舉,敵烈麻都以酒二尊盤饗奉進,北南院大王以下進馬及衣。 皇帝降輿,祭東畢,乘馬入圍中。 皇太子、親王率群官進酒,分兩翼而行。 皇帝始獲兔,群臣進酒上壽,各賜以酒。 至中食之次,親王、大臣各進所獲。 及酒訖,賜群臣飲,還宮。 應歷元年冬,漢遣使來賀,自是遂以為常儀。 統和中,罷之。
La Rites: the La sacrifice is held on a chen day of the twelfth month. One day beforehand, an edict directs the Office of the Boar Hunt to choose the hunting ground. On that day, after the emperor and empress burn incense and bow to the sun, the beaters form a ring and the hunters are ordered to spread the left and right wings. The Office of the Boar Hunt announces that the ranks are ready. The emperor and empress mount their litters. The Yilie Mada present two jars of wine with dishes of food. The great princes of the Northern and Southern Offices and all ranks below present horses and garments. The emperor dismounts from his litter, completes the sacrifice to the east, and rides into the ring. The crown prince and imperial princes lead the officials in presenting wine, advancing in two wings. When the emperor takes the first hare, the ministers present wine and offer congratulations; each receives wine in return. At the midday feast, imperial princes and senior ministers each present their quarry. When the drinking is done, wine is bestowed on the assembled ministers, and the court returns to the palace. In the winter of the first year of Yingli (951), the Han court sent envoys to offer congratulations, and thereafter this became the established custom. During the Tonghe era (983–1011), the practice was discontinued.
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出軍儀:制見《兵志》。 ◎禮志四 〈(賓儀)〉
Rites for Dispatching the Army: the regulations are set forth in the 《Treatise on Military Affairs》. ◎ Treatise on Rites, Part Four (Court and Guest Rites)〉
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常朝起居儀:昧爽,臣僚朝服入朝,各依幕次。 內侍奏「班齊」。 先引京官班於三門外,當直舍人放起居,再拜,各祗候。 次依兩府以下文武官,於丹墀內面殿立,豎班諸司並供奉官,於東西道外相向立定。 當直閣使副贊放起居,再拜,各祗候。 退還幕次,公服。 帝升殿坐,兩府並京官丹墀內聲喏,各祗候。 教坊司同北班起居畢,奏事。
Rites for the Regular Court Audience: at dawn, officials enter court in full audience dress and take their places according to rank. The inner attendants announce, 'The ranks are complete.' First the capital officials are led to form ranks outside the Three Gates. The duty registrar calls for obeisance; they bow twice and stand at attention. Next, civil and military officials from the Two Departments downward take their places facing the hall within the red steps. The various offices and attendance officials form vertical ranks and stand facing each other outside the east and west corridors. The duty commissioner and vice-commissioner of the Privy Council call for obeisance. All bow twice and stand at attention. They withdraw to their stations and change into informal court dress. The emperor ascends the hall and takes his seat. The Two Departments and capital officials within the red steps shout their assent and stand at attention. The Music Office, together with the Northern rank, complete their obeisance, and business is presented.
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燕京嘉寧殿,西京同文殿。 朝服,襆頭、袍笏; 公服,紫衫、帽。
At Yanjing the audience is held in the Jianing Hall; at the Western Capital, in the Tongwen Hall. For full audience dress: futou cap, robe, and court tablet; for informal court dress: purple coat and cap.
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正座儀:皇帝升殿坐,警聲絕。 契丹、漢人殿前班畢,各依位侍立。 次教坊班畢,卷退。 京官班入拜畢,揖於右橫街西,依位班立。 次武班入拜畢,依位立。 文班入拜畢,依位立。 北班入,起居畢,於左橫街東序班立。 次兩府班入,鞠躬,通宰臣某官已下起居,拜畢,引上殿奏事。
Rites for the Formal Audience: the emperor ascends the hall and takes his seat. The warning gongs fall silent. The Khitan and Han ranks before the hall take their places and stand according to rank. Next the Music Office rank is dismissed and withdraws in file. The capital officials enter, complete their bows, bow with clasped hands west of the right cross-street, and take their places in rank. Next the military rank enters, completes its bows, and takes its places. The civil rank enters, completes its bows, and takes its places. The Northern rank enters, completes obeisance, and forms ranks east of the left cross-street. Next the Two Departments enter, bow, announce obeisance on behalf of the chief minister and all officials below, complete their bows, and are led up to the hall to present business.
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已上六班起居,並七拜。 內有不帶節度使、班首止通名,亦七拜。 卷班與常朝同。 直院有旨入文班。 留守司、三司、統軍司、制置司謂之京官; 都部署司、宮使、副宮使、都承以下令史,北面主事以下隨駕諸司為武官; 館、閣、大理寺,堂後以下,御史臺、隨駕閑員、令史、司天臺、翰林、醫官院為文官。
The six ranks described above all perform seven bows in obeisance. Among them, officials without military commissioner titles whose rank leaders announce only names also perform seven bows. Withdrawal in file follows the same procedure as the regular audience. Officials bearing imperial orders from the Hanlin Academy join the civil rank. The Commissary for the Capital, the Three Departments, the Commandery, and the Pacification Office are classified as capital officials; the Directorate of Deployment, palace commissioners, vice palace commissioners, directorate registrars and below, and northern chief clerks and below of the various offices on the imperial progress are classified as military officials; the Institutes, Pavilions, Court of Judicial Review, rear-hall officials and below, Censorate, supernumerary personnel on the imperial progress, registrars, Astronomical Bureau, Hanlin Academy, and Medical Office are classified as civil officials.
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天慶二年冬,教坊並服袍。
In the winter of the second year of Tianqing (1023), members of the Music Office were all required to wear robes.
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臣僚接見儀:皇帝御座,奏見榜子畢,臣僚左入,鞠躬。 通文武百僚宰臣某官以下祗候見。 引面殿鞠躬,起居,凡七拜。 引班首出班,謝宣諭,五拜。 各祗候畢,可矮墩以上引近前,問「聖躬萬福」。 傳宣問「跋涉不易」,鞠躬。 引班舍人贊各祗候畢,引右上,準備宣問。 其餘臣僚並於右侍立。
Rites for Officials Receiving Audience: the emperor takes the throne. After the audience roster is read, officials enter from the left and bow. The herald announces that the civil and military officials, the chief minister, and all ranks below await audience. Led before the hall, they bow and perform obeisance—seven bows in all. The rank leader steps forward, thanks the imperial pronouncement, and performs five bows. When all have stood at attention, those of low stool rank and above are led forward to inquire, 'May Your Sacred Person enjoy ten thousand blessings.' The imperial messenger inquires, 'Was the journey arduous?' They bow. The usher announces that all are at attention, leads them up to the right, and prepares for the imperial inquiry. The remaining officials stand in attendance on the right.
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宣答云:「卿等久居鄉邑,來奉乘輿。 時屬霜寒,或云炎蒸,諒多勞止。 卿各平安好。 想宜知悉。」
The imperial reply runs: 'You have long dwelt in your home districts and have come to attend upon the imperial carriage. The season may bring biting frost, or sweltering heat—you have surely endured much hardship on the road. May you each be safe and well. I trust this is understood.'
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問聖體儀:皇帝行幸,車駕至捺缽,坐禦帳。 臣僚公服,問「聖躬萬福。」 贊再拜,各祗候。 奏事。 宣徽以下常服,教坊與臣僚同。 保大元年夏,特旨通名再拜,不稱宰臣。
Rites for Inquiring After the Emperor's Health: when the emperor travels, the imperial procession reaches the naboi encampment and he sits in the imperial tent. Officials in informal dress inquire, 'May Your Sacred Person enjoy ten thousand blessings.' The usher calls for a second bow; all stand at attention. Business is then presented. The Imperial Household Commission and below wear regular dress; the Music Office follows the same rule as other officials. In the summer of the first year of Baoda (1121), a special edict required that names be announced and a second bow performed, without using the title 'chief minister.'
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車駕還京儀:前期一日,宣徽以下橫班,諸司、閣門並公服,於宿帳祗候。 至日詰旦,皇帝乘玉輅,閣門宣諭軍民訖,導駕。 時相以下進至內門,閣副勘箭畢,通事舍人鞠躬,奏「臣宜放仗」。 禮畢。
Rites for the Emperor's Return to the Capital: one day beforehand, the Imperial Household Commission and below form ranks in informal dress, together with the various offices and Privy Council, and await orders at the lodging tent. At dawn on the appointed day, the emperor mounts the jade carriage. The Privy Council completes its proclamation to army and people, and the procession sets out. The chief minister and those below advance to the inner gate. The vice-commissioner completes the arrow verification. The communications registrar bows and reports, 'Your servant requests dismissal of the guard.' The rites are concluded.
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勘箭儀:皇帝乘玉輅,至內門。 北南臣僚於輅前對班立。 勘箭官執雌箭,門中立。 東上閣門使詣車前,執雄箭在車左立,勾勘箭官進。 勘箭官揖進,至車約五步,面車立。 閣使言「受箭行勘」。 勘箭官拜跪,受箭,舉手勘訖,鞠躬,奏「內外勘同」。 閣使言「準敕行勘」。 勘箭官平立,退至門中舊位立,當胸執箭,贊「軍將門仗官近前」。 門仗官應聲開門,舉聲兩邊齊出,並列左右,立。 勘箭官舉右手贊「呈箭,」次贊「內出喚仗禦箭一隻,準敕付左金吾仗行勘。」 贊「合不合」,應「合、合、合」; 贊「同不同」,應「同、同、同」。 訖。 勘箭官再進,依位立,鞠躬,自通全銜臣某對禦勘箭同,退門中立。 贊「其箭謹付閣門使進入」。 事畢,其箭授閣使,轉付宣徽。
Rites for Verifying the Arrows: the emperor rides the jade carriage to the inner gate. Northern and southern officials stand in facing ranks before the carriage. The arrow-verifying officer holds the female arrow and stands in the center of the gate. The eastern upper Privy Council commissioner goes to the carriage, holds the male arrow, and stands to the left of the carriage, then summons the arrow-verifying officer forward. The arrow-verifying officer bows and advances to within about five paces of the carriage, facing it. The commissioner says, 'Receive the arrow and proceed with verification.' The arrow-verifying officer bows and kneels, receives the arrow, raises it to verify the match, bows again, and reports, 'Inner and outer verification agree.' The commissioner says, 'By imperial decree, proceed with verification.' The arrow-verifying officer stands erect, withdraws to his former position in the gate, holds the arrow at his chest, and calls, 'Military officers and gate guard officers, advance.' The gate guard officers respond and open the gate. At the command both wings emerge together and stand in ranks to left and right. The arrow-verifying officer raises his right hand and calls, 'Present the arrow,' then calls, 'One imperial guard arrow is brought out from within; by imperial decree it is handed to the Left Golden Crow Guard for verification.' He calls, 'Do they match or not?' The response comes, 'They match, they match, they match'; he calls, 'Are they the same or not?' The response comes, 'They are the same, the same, the same.' This concludes the verification. The arrow-verifying officer advances again, takes his place, bows, and announces in full title that the subject reports the imperial arrow verification agrees, then withdraws to stand in the center of the gate. He calls, 'This arrow is respectfully handed to the Privy Council commissioner for entry.' When the rite is complete, the arrow is handed to the Privy Council commissioner and transferred to the Imperial Household Commission.
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宋使見皇太后儀:宋使賀生辰、正旦。 至日,臣僚昧爽入朝,使者至幕次。 臣僚班齊,皇太后御殿坐。 宣徽使押殿前班起居畢,卷班。 次契丹臣僚班起居畢,引應坐臣僚上殿,就位立; 其餘臣僚不應坐者,退於東面侍立。 漢人臣僚東洞門入,面西鞠躬。 舍人鞠躬,通某以下起居,凡七拜畢,贊各祗候。 引應坐臣僚上殿,就位立。 中書令、大王西階上殿,奏宋使並從人榜子訖,就位立。 其餘臣僚不應坐者,退於西面侍立。 次引宋使副六人於東洞門入,丹墀內面殿齊立。 閣使自東階下,受書匣,使人捧書匣者皆跪,閣使搢笏立,受書匣。 自東階上殿,欄內鞠躬,奏「封全」訖,授樞密開封。 宰臣對皇太后讀訖,引使副六人東階上殿,欄內立。 使者揖生辰節大使少前,使者俯伏跪,附起居訖,起,復位立。 次引賀皇太后正旦大使,附起居,如前儀。 皇太后宣問「南朝皇帝聖躬萬福」,舍人揖生辰大使並皇太后正旦大使少前,皆跪,唯生辰大使奏「來時聖躬萬福」,皆俯伏,興。 引東階下殿,丹墀內面殿齊立。 引進使引禮物於西洞門入,殿前置擔床。 控鶴官起居,四拜,擔床於東便門出畢,揖使副退於東方,西面,皆鞠躬。 舍人鞠躬,通南朝國信使某官某以下祗候見,舞蹈,五拜畢; 不出班,奏「聖躬萬福」,再拜; 揖班首出班,謝面天顏訖,復位,舞蹈,五拜畢,贊各上殿祗候,引各使副西階上殿就位。 勾從人兩洞門入,面殿鞠躬,通名,贊拜,起居,四拜畢,贊各祗候,分班引兩洞門出。 若宣問使副「跋涉不易」,引西階下殿,丹墀內舞蹈,五拜畢,贊各上殿祗候,引西階上殿,就位立。 契丹舍人、漢人閣使齊贊拜,應坐臣僚並使副皆拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各就坐,行湯行茶。 供過人出殿門,揖臣僚並使副起,鞠躬。 契丹舍人、漢人閣使齊贊,皆拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各祗候。 先引宋使副西階下殿,西洞門出,次揖臣僚出畢,報閣門無事。 皇太后起。
Rites for Song Envoys' Audience with the Empress Dowager: Song envoys come to offer congratulations on her birthday and on New Year's Day. On the appointed day, officials enter court at dawn; the envoys arrive at their station. When the officials' ranks are complete, the empress dowager ascends the hall and takes her seat. The Imperial Household commissioner leads the rank before the hall in obeisance. When obeisance is complete, the rank withdraws in file. Next, after the Khitan officials finish their rank obeisance, officials who are to be seated are led up the hall and stand in their assigned places; All other officials who are not to be seated withdraw to the east side and stand in attendance. Han officials enter through the east tunnel gate, turn to face west, and bow. The chamberlain bows and announces that So-and-so and those below will perform obeisance. After seven bows in all, the herald calls for each to await orders. Officials who are to be seated are led up the hall and take their places standing. The Director of the Secretariat and the Great Prince go up the west steps into the hall, present the roster of the Song envoys and their attendants, and then take their places standing. All other officials who are not to be seated withdraw to the west side and stand in attendance. Next, the six lead and deputy Song envoys are ushered in through the east tunnel gate and stand in line facing the hall on the vermilion steps. The Privy Council commissioner comes down the east steps to receive the document casket. All those bearing the casket kneel; the commissioner tucks his tablet, stands, and takes the casket. He goes up the east steps into the hall, bows within the railing, announces "The seal is intact," and delivers the casket to the Privy Council to be opened. When the chief minister has finished reading it before the empress dowager, the six lead and deputy envoys are brought up the east steps into the hall and stand within the railing. The usher motions the birthday-congratulations envoy a step forward. The envoy prostrates and kneels to present attached obeisance, then rises and returns to his place. Next the envoy who has come to congratulate the empress dowager on New Year's Day is led forward to present attached obeisance, following the same procedure as before. The empress dowager conveys the inquiry: "May the Southern Court emperor enjoy ten thousand blessings and perfect health." The chamberlain motions the birthday envoy and the empress dowager's New Year's envoy a step forward. All kneel; only the birthday envoy replies, "At the time of our departure, his sacred person enjoyed ten thousand blessings." All prostrate and rise. They are led down the east steps and stand in line facing the hall on the vermilion steps. The usher brings the gifts in through the west tunnel gate and places the gift-carrying frames before the hall. Officers of the Crane Control guard perform obeisance and four bows. When the carrying frames have been taken out through the east side gate, the envoys are motioned to withdraw to the east, turn to face west, and all bow. The chamberlain bows and announces that the credentialed envoys of the Southern Court, Official So-and-so and those below, await audience. They perform ceremonial dance-bows and complete five bows; Without leaving the rank, they announce, "May his sacred person enjoy ten thousand blessings," and bow again; The head of the rank is motioned forward from the formation. After giving thanks for beholding the imperial countenance, they return to place, perform ceremonial dance-bows, and complete five bows. Each is called to ascend the hall and await orders, and the lead and deputy envoys are led up the west steps to take their positions. Attendants are summoned in through both tunnel gates, face the hall, and bow. Their names are announced; obeisance is called; they perform obeisance and complete four bows. Each is called to await orders, and they are led out in separate ranks through both tunnel gates. If the imperial announcement asks the envoys, "Your long journey over difficult terrain must have been arduous," they are led down the west steps. On the vermilion steps they perform ceremonial dance-bows and complete five bows. Each is called to ascend the hall and await orders, then they are brought up the west steps into the hall and stand in their assigned places. Khitan chamberlains and Han Privy Council commissioners together call for obeisance. Seated officials and the envoys all bow and shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to take his seat, and broth and tea are served in succession. When the attendants who have served the meal leave through the hall gate, officials and envoys are motioned to rise and bow. Khitan chamberlains and Han Privy Council commissioners call out together. All bow and shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to await orders. First the Song envoys are led down the west steps and out through the west tunnel gate. Then the officials are motioned out. When all have departed, the Privy Council gate reports that all is clear. The empress dowager departs.
16
宋使見皇帝儀:宋使賀生辰、正旦。 至日,臣僚昧爽入朝,使者至幕次。 奏「班齊」,聲警,皇帝升殿坐。 宣徽使押殿前班起居畢,卷班出。 契丹臣僚班起居畢,引應坐臣僚上殿,就位立; 其餘臣僚不應坐者,並退於北面侍立。 次引漢人臣僚北洞門入,面殿鞠躬。 舍人鞠躬通某官某以下起居,皆七拜畢,引應坐臣僚上殿,就位立。 引首相南階上殿,奏宋使並從人榜子,就位立。 臣僚並退於南面侍立。 教坊入,起居畢,引南使副北洞門入,丹墀內面殿立。 閣使北階下殿,受書匣,使人捧書匣者跪,閣使搢笏立,受於北階。 上殿,欄內鞠躬,奏「封全」訖,授樞密開封。 宰相對皇帝讀訖,舍人引使副北階上殿,欄內立。 揖生辰大使少前俯伏跪,附起居。 俯伏興,復位立。 大使俯伏跪,奏訖,俯伏興,退; 引北階下殿,揖使副北方,南面鞠躬。 舍人鞠躬,通南朝國信使某官某以下祗候見起居,七拜畢; 揖班首出班,謝面天顏,舞蹈,五拜畢; 出班,謝遠接、御筵、撫問、湯藥,舞蹈,五拜畢,贊各祗候。 引出歸幕次。 閣使傳宣賜對衣、金帶。 勾從人以下入見。 舍人贊班首姓名以下,再拜; 不出班奏「聖躬萬福」,贊再拜,稱「萬歲」贊各祗候。 引出。 舍人傳宣賜衣。 使副並從人服賜衣畢,舍人引使副入,丹墀內面殿鞠躬。 舍人贊謝恩,拜,舞蹈,五拜畢,贊上殿祗候。 引使副南階上殿,就位立。 勾從人入,贊謝恩,拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊「有敕賜宴」,再拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各祗候。 承受官引北廊下立。 御床入,大臣進酒,皇帝飲酒。 契丹舍人、漢人閣使齊贊拜,應坐並侍立臣僚皆拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各祗候。 卒飲,贊拜,應坐臣僚皆拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各就坐行酒,親王、使相、使副共樂曲。 若宣令飲盡,並起立飲訖。 放盞,就位謝。 贊拜,並隨拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各就坐。 次行方茵地坐臣僚等官酒。 若宣令飲盡,贊謝如初。 殿上酒一行畢,贊廊下從人拜,稱「萬歲」,贊各就坐。 若傳宣令飲盡,並拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各就坐。 殿上酒三行,行茶、行殽、行殽。 酒五行,候曲終,揖廊下從人起,贊拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各祗候,引出。 曲破,臣僚並使副並起,鞠躬。 贊拜,應坐臣僚並使副皆拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各祗候。 引使副南階下殿,丹墀內舞蹈,五拜畢,贊各祗候。 引出。 次引眾臣僚下殿出畢,報閣門無事。 皇帝起,聲蹕。
Rites for Song Envoys' Audience with the Emperor: Song envoys come to offer congratulations on the emperor's birthday and on New Year's Day. On the appointed day, officials enter court at dawn, and the envoys arrive at their station. "The ranks are complete" is announced, the ceremonial alert is sounded, and the emperor ascends the hall and takes his seat. The Imperial Household commissioner leads the rank before the hall in obeisance. When obeisance is complete, the rank withdraws in file. After the Khitan officials finish their rank obeisance, officials who are to be seated are led up the hall and stand in their assigned places; All other officials who are not to be seated withdraw to the north side and stand in attendance. Next Han officials are ushered in through the north tunnel gate, turn to face the hall, and bow. The chamberlain bows and announces that Official So-and-so and those below will perform obeisance. After seven bows, officials who are to be seated are led up the hall and take their places standing. The chief minister is brought up the south steps into the hall, presents the roster of the Song envoys and their attendants, and takes his place standing. All officials withdraw to the south side and stand in attendance. The Music Office enters and completes obeisance. The southern envoys are ushered in through the north tunnel gate and stand facing the hall on the vermilion steps. The Privy Council commissioner comes down the north steps to receive the document casket. Those bearing the casket kneel; the commissioner tucks his tablet, stands, and takes it at the north steps. He goes up into the hall, bows within the railing, announces "The seal is intact," and delivers the casket to the Privy Council to be opened. When the chief minister has finished reading before the emperor, the chamberlain brings the envoys up the north steps into the hall, and they stand within the railing. The birthday-congratulations envoy is motioned a step forward, prostrates and kneels, and presents attached obeisance. He prostrates and rises, then returns to his place. The envoy prostrates and kneels, delivers his report, prostrates and rises, and withdraws; They are led down the north steps. The envoys are motioned to the north, turn to face south, and bow. The chamberlain bows and announces that the credentialed envoys of the Southern Court, Official So-and-so and those below, await audience and obeisance. Seven bows are completed; The head of the rank is motioned forward from the formation, gives thanks for beholding the imperial countenance, performs ceremonial dance-bows, and completes five bows; Stepping forward from the rank, they give thanks for the distant escort, the imperial banquet, the imperial inquiry, and the medicinal broth. They perform ceremonial dance-bows and complete five bows. Each is called to await orders. They are led out and return to their station. The Privy Council commissioner conveys the imperial decree granting matching robes and a gold belt. Attendants and those of lower rank are summoned in for audience. The chamberlain calls the name of the rank leader and those below. They bow again; Without leaving the rank they announce, "May his sacred person enjoy ten thousand blessings." Obeisance is called again; they shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to await orders. They are led out. The chamberlain conveys the imperial decree granting robes. When the envoys and attendants have finished putting on the granted robes, the chamberlain leads the envoys in. On the vermilion steps they face the hall and bow. The chamberlain calls for thanks for the imperial grace. They bow, perform ceremonial dance-bows, and complete five bows. They are called to ascend the hall and await orders. The envoys are brought up the south steps into the hall and take their places standing. Attendants are summoned in. Thanks for the grace is called; they bow and shout, "Ten thousand years!" The herald calls, "There is an edict granting a banquet." They bow again and shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to await orders. The receiving officer leads them to stand beneath the north corridor. The imperial couch is brought in. Great ministers present wine, and the emperor drinks. Khitan chamberlains and Han Privy Council commissioners together call for obeisance. Seated officials and those standing in attendance all bow and shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to await orders. When the toast is finished, obeisance is called. Seated officials all bow and shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to take his seat, and wine is served. Imperial princes, envoys of equal rank, and the Song envoys join in the musical entertainment. If the imperial order commands them to drain their cups, all rise, drink to the bottom, and finish. They set down their cups, return to their places, and offer thanks. Obeisance is called, and all follow in bowing and shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to take his seat. Next wine is served in turn to officials seated on floor mats and the like. If the imperial order commands them to drain their cups, thanks are called as before. When one round of wine on the hall dais is finished, attendants in the corridors below are called to bow and shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to take his seat. If the conveyed order commands them to drain their cups, all bow and shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to take his seat. Three rounds of wine are served on the hall dais, followed by tea and then dishes served in succession. After five rounds of wine, when the music ends, attendants in the corridors below are motioned to rise. Obeisance is called, and they shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to await orders, and they are led out. At the final musical suite, officials and envoys all rise together and bow. Obeisance is called. Seated officials and the envoys all bow and shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to await orders. The envoys are led down the south steps. On the vermilion steps they perform ceremonial dance-bows and complete five bows. Each is called to await orders. They are led out. Next all officials are led down from the hall and out. When all have departed, the Privy Council gate reports that all is clear. The emperor rises, and the clearing proclamation is sounded.
17
曲宴宋使儀:昧爽,臣僚入朝,宋使至幕次。 皇帝升殿,殿前、教坊、契丹文武班,皆如初見之儀。 宋使副綴翰林學士班,東洞門入,面西鞠躬。 舍人鞠躬,通文武百僚臣某以下起居,七拜。 謝宣召赴宴,致詞訖,舞蹈,五拜畢,贊各上殿祗候。 舍人引大臣、使相、臣僚、使副及方茵朵殿應坐臣僚並於西階上殿,就位立; 其餘不應坐臣僚並於西洞門出。 勾從人入,起居,謝賜宴,兩廊立,如初見之儀。 二人監盞,教坊再拜,贊各上殿祗候。 入御床,大臣進酒。 舍人、閣使贊拜、行酒,皆如初見之儀。 次行方茵朵殿臣僚酒,傳宣飲盡,如常儀。 殿上酒一行畢,兩廊從人行酒如初。 殿上行餅茶畢,教坊致語,揖臣僚、使副並廊下從人皆起立,候口號絕,揖臣僚等皆鞠躬。 贊拜,殿上應坐並侍立臣僚皆拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各就坐。 次贊廊下從人拜,亦如之。 歇宴,揖臣僚起立,御床出,皇帝起,入閣。 引臣僚東西階下殿,還幕次,內賜花。 承受官引從人出,賜花,亦如之。 簪花畢,引從人復兩廊位立。 次引臣僚、使副兩洞門入,復殿上位立。 皇帝出閣復坐。 御床入,揖應坐臣僚、使副及侍立臣僚鞠躬。 贊拜,稱「萬歲」,贊各就坐。 贊兩廊從人亦如之。 行單茶,行酒,行膳,行果。 殿上酒九行,使相樂曲。 聲絕,揖兩廊從人起,贊拜,稱「萬歲」,贊「各好去」,承受引出。 曲破,殿上臣僚、使副皆起立,贊拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各祗候。 引臣僚使副東西階下殿。 契丹班謝宴出,漢人並使副班謝宴,舞蹈,五拜畢,贊「各好去」。 引出畢,報閣門無事。 皇帝起。
Rites for the Special Banquet for Song Envoys: at dawn, officials enter court, and the Song envoys arrive at their station. The emperor ascends the hall. The ranks before the hall, the Music Office, and the Khitan civil and military ranks all follow the procedure of the initial audience. The Song envoys fall in with the Hanlin Academician rank, enter through the east tunnel gate, turn to face west, and bow. The chamberlain bows and announces that civil and military officials, Subject So-and-so and those below, will perform obeisance. Seven bows are performed. They give thanks for the summons to the banquet. After delivering their address, they perform ceremonial dance-bows and complete five bows. Each is called to ascend the hall and await orders. The chamberlain leads great ministers, envoys of equal rank, officials, the Song envoys, and officials entitled to seats on floor mats and in the side hall—all up the west steps into the hall to take their places standing; All other officials who are not to be seated exit through the west tunnel gate. Attendants are summoned in, perform obeisance, and give thanks for the granted banquet. They stand in both corridors, following the procedure of the initial audience. Two men supervise the cups. The Music Office bows again, and each is called to ascend the hall and await orders. The imperial couch is brought in, and great ministers present wine. The chamberlain and Privy Council commissioner call for obeisance and wine service, all following the procedure of the initial audience. Next wine is served in turn to officials seated on floor mats and in the side hall. When the conveyed order commands them to drain their cups, the usual procedure is followed. After one round of wine on the hall dais, attendants in both corridors are served wine in turn, just as before. Once cakes and tea have been served on the hall dais, the Music Office delivers its ceremonial address. Officials, the envoys, and attendants in the corridors below are motioned to rise. When the ritual acclamation ends, the officials and the rest are motioned to bow. Obeisance is called. All seated officials and those attending on the hall dais bow and shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to take his seat. Next the attendants in the corridors below are called to bow, and the same procedure is followed. The banquet pauses. Officials are motioned to rise, the imperial couch is brought out, and the emperor rises and withdraws to the inner pavilion. Officials are led down the east and west steps from the hall, return to their stations, and are granted flowers within. The receiving officer leads the attendants out, and flowers are granted in the same manner. Once the flowers have been pinned in place, attendants are led back to stand in their places in both corridors. Next officials and the envoys are led in through both tunnel gates and again take their places standing on the hall dais. The emperor emerges from the inner pavilion and resumes his seat. The imperial couch is brought in, and seated officials, the envoys, and attending officials are motioned to bow. Obeisance is called; they shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to take his seat. Attendants in both corridors are called in the same way. Tea is served, then wine, then dishes, then fruit. Nine rounds of wine are served on the hall dais, and envoys of equal rank join in the musical entertainment. When the music ends, attendants in both corridors are motioned to rise. Obeisance is called, they shout, "Ten thousand years!" and "Farewell to each of you" is announced. The receiving officer leads them out. At the final musical suite, officials and the envoys on the hall dais all rise. Obeisance is called, and they shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to await orders. Officials and the envoys are led down the east and west steps from the hall. The Khitan rank gives thanks for the banquet and withdraws. Han officials and the envoys give thanks for the banquet in formation, perform ceremonial dance-bows, and complete five bows. "Farewell to each of you" is announced. When all have been led out, the Privy Council gate reports that all is clear. The emperor rises.
18
賀生辰正旦宋使朝辭太后儀:臣僚、使副班齊,如曲宴儀。 皇太后升殿坐,殿前契丹文武起居上殿畢。 宰臣奏宋使副、從人朝辭榜子畢,就位立。 舍人引使副北洞門入,面南鞠躬。 舍人鞠躬。 通南朝國信使某官某以下祗候辭。 再拜; 不出班,奏「聖躬萬福」,再拜; 出班,戀闕,致詞訖,又再拜。 贊各上殿祗候。 舍人引南階上殿,就位立。 引從人,贊姓名,再拜; 奏「聖躬萬福」,再拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊「各好去」,引出。 殿上揖應坐臣僚並使副就位鞠躬。 贊拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各就坐。 行湯、行茶畢,揖臣僚並南使起立,與應坐臣僚鞠躬。 贊拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各祗候,立。 引使副六人於欄內拜跪,受書匣畢,直起立,揖少前,鞠躬,受傳答語訖,退。 於北階下殿,丹墀內面殿鞠躬。 舍人贊「各好去」,引出。 臣僚出。
Rites for Song Envoys' Farewell Audience with the Empress Dowager on Birthday and New Year's Day: officials and the envoys form their ranks as in the special banquet rites. The empress dowager ascends the hall and takes her seat. Khitan civil and military officials before the hall complete obeisance and ascend the hall. The chief minister presents the roster of Song envoys and attendants for the farewell audience. When that is finished, they take their places standing. The chamberlain leads the envoys in through the north tunnel gate. They turn to face south and bow. The chamberlain bows deeply. He announces that the credentialed envoys of the Southern Court, Official So-and-so and those below, await their farewell audience. They bow again; Without leaving the rank, they announce, "May his sacred person enjoy ten thousand blessings," and bow again; Stepping forward from the rank, they express their reluctance to leave the court, deliver their farewell address, and bow again. Each is called to ascend the hall and await orders. The chamberlain leads them up the south steps into the hall, and they take their places standing. Attendants are led in, their names are announced, and they bow again; They announce, "May his sacred person enjoy ten thousand blessings," bow again, and shout, "Ten thousand years!" "Farewell to each of you" is announced, and they are led out. On the hall dais, seated officials and the envoys in their places are motioned to bow. Obeisance is called, and they shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to take his seat. When soup and tea have been served, officials and the Southern envoys are motioned to rise and bow together with the seated officials. Obeisance is called, and they shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to await orders and stand at attention. Six envoys are led inside the balustrade to bow and kneel. After receiving the letter casket they rise at once, are motioned a step forward, bow, receive the conveyed reply, and withdraw. They descend the north steps from the hall and, on the vermilion steps, face the hall and bow. The chamberlain announces, "Farewell to each of you," and leads them out. The officials withdraw.
19
賀生辰正旦宋使朝辭皇帝儀:臣僚入朝如常儀,宋使至幕次。 於外賜從人衣物。 皇帝升殿,宣徽、契丹文武班起居上殿,如曲宴儀。 中書令奏宋使副並從人朝辭榜子畢,臣僚並於南面侍立。 教坊起居畢,舍人引使副六人北洞門入,丹墀北方,面南鞠躬。 舍人鞠躬。 通南朝國信使某官某以下祗候辭,再拜,起居,戀闕,如辭皇太后儀。 贊各祗候,平身立。 揖使副鞠躬。 宣徽贊「有敕」,使副再拜,鞠躬平身立。 宣徽使贊「各賜卿對衣金帶、匹段、弓箭、鞍馬等,想宜知悉」,使副平身立。 揖大使三人少前,俯伏跪,搢笏,閣門使授別錄賜物。 過畢,俯起,復位立。 揖副使三人受賜,亦如之。 贊謝恩,舞蹈,五拜。 贊上殿祗候,舍人引使副南階上殿,就位立。 引從人,贊謝恩,再拜; 起居,再拜,贊賜宴,再拜; 皆稱「萬歲」。 贊各祗候,承受引兩廊立。 御床入,皇帝飲酒,舍人、合使贊臣僚、使副拜,稱「萬歲」,皆如曲宴。 應坐臣僚拜,稱「萬歲」。 就坐、行酒、樂曲,方茵、兩廊皆如之; 行殽、行茶、行膳亦如之。 行饅頭畢,從人起,如登位使之儀。 曲破,臣僚、使副皆起立,拜,稱「萬歲」,如辭太后之儀。 使副下殿,舞蹈,五拜。 贊各上殿祗候,引北階上殿,欄內立。 揖生辰、正旦大使二人少前,齊跪,受書畢,起立,揖磬折受起居畢,退。 引北階下殿,丹墀內並鞠躬。 舍人贊「各好去」,引南洞門出。 次引殿上臣僚南北洞門出畢,報閣門無事。
Rites for Song Envoys' Farewell Audience with the Emperor on Birthday and New Year's Day: officials enter court according to the usual rites, and the Song envoys arrive at their station. Outside the hall, garments are bestowed on the attendants. The emperor ascends the hall. The Imperial Household Commission and the Khitan civil and military ranks perform obeisance and ascend the hall, following the special banquet procedure. The Director of the Secretariat presents the roster of Song envoys and attendants for the farewell audience. All officials attend standing on the south side. When the Music Office completes obeisance, the chamberlain leads six envoys in through the north tunnel gate. North of the vermilion steps, they turn to face south and bow. The chamberlain bows deeply. He announces that the credentialed envoys of the Southern Court, Official So-and-so and those below, await their farewell audience. They bow again, perform obeisance, and express their reluctance to leave the court, following the rites for taking leave of the empress dowager. Each is called to await orders and stand upright. The envoys are motioned to bow. The Imperial Household Commission announces, "There is an edict." The envoys bow again, bow deeply, and stand upright. The Imperial Household commissioner announces, "Each of you is granted matching robes, gold belts, silk bolts, bows and arrows, saddles and horses, and the like — you should take note." The envoys stand upright. Three lead envoys are motioned a step forward. They prostrate and kneel, tuck their tablets, and the Privy Council gate commissioner presents the gifts listed on the separate register. When the presentation is complete, they prostrate and rise, return to their places, and stand at attention. Three deputy envoys are motioned forward to receive the grants, and the same procedure is followed. Thanks for the imperial grace is called. They perform ceremonial dance-bows and complete five bows. They are called to ascend the hall and await orders. The chamberlain leads the envoys up the south steps into the hall, and they take their places standing. Attendants are led in, thanks for the grace is announced, and they bow again; They perform obeisance and bow again. A banquet grant is announced, and they bow again; All shout, "Ten thousand years!" Each is called to await orders, and the receiving officer leads them to stand in both corridors. The imperial couch is brought in and the emperor drinks wine. The chamberlain and Privy Council commissioner call for officials and the envoys to bow and shout, "Ten thousand years!" — all as in the special banquet. Seated officials bow and shout, "Ten thousand years!" They take their seats, wine is served, and musical entertainment begins. Mat seating and both corridors all follow the same procedure; Dishes, tea, and further courses are served in the same manner. Once the steamed buns have been served, the attendants rise according to the enthronement envoy ceremony. At the final musical suite, officials and the envoys all rise, bow, and shout, "Ten thousand years!" as in the rites for taking leave of the empress dowager. The envoys descend from the hall, perform ceremonial dance-bows, and complete five bows. Each is called to ascend the hall and await orders. They are led up the north steps into the hall and stand inside the balustrade. The birthday and New Year's lead envoys are motioned a step forward and kneel together. After receiving the letter they rise, are motioned to perform a deep bow like a sounding stone bending, receive the obeisance inquiry, and withdraw. Led down the north steps from the hall, they all bow on the vermilion steps. The chamberlain announces, "Farewell to each of you," and leads them out through the south tunnel gate. Next officials on the hall dais are led out through the north and south tunnel gates. When all have departed, the Privy Council gate reports that all is clear.
20
高麗使入見儀:臣僚常服,起居,應上殿臣僚殿上序立。 閣門奏榜子,引高麗使副面殿立。 引上露臺拜跪,附奏起居訖,拜,起立。 閣門傳宣「王詢安否」,使副皆跪,大使奏「臣等來時詢安」。 引下殿,面殿立。 進奉物入,列置殿前。 控鶴官起居畢,引進使鞠躬,通高麗國王詢進奉。 宣徽使殿上贊進奉赴庫,馬出,擔床出畢,引使副退,面西鞠躬。 舍人鞠躬,通高麗國謝恩進奉使某官某以下祗候見,舞蹈,五拜。 不出班,奏「聖躬萬福」,再拜。 出班,謝面天顏,五拜。 出班,謝遠接、湯藥,五拜,贊各祗候。 使副私獻入,列置殿前。 控鶴官起居,引進使鞠躬,通高麗國謝恩進奉某官某以下進奉。 宣徽使殿上贊如初。 引使副西階上殿序立。 皇帝不入御床,臣僚伴酒。 契丹舍人通,漢人閣使贊,再拜,稱「萬歲」,各就坐。 酒三行,肴膳二味。 若宣令飲盡,就位拜,稱「萬歲」,贊各就坐。 肴膳不贊,起,再拜,稱「萬歲」。 引下殿,舞蹈,五拜。 贊各祗候。 引出,於幕次內別差使臣伴宴。 起,宣賜衣物訖,遙謝,五拜畢,歸館。
Rites for Goryeo Envoys' Audience: officials in everyday dress perform obeisance, and officials who are to ascend the hall stand in order on the hall dais. The Privy Council gate submits the roster, and the Goryeo envoys are led in to stand facing the hall. They are led up to the open terrace to bow and kneel. After submitting the attached obeisance report they bow and rise. The Privy Council gate conveys the announcement, "The king inquires whether you are well." The envoys all kneel, and the lead envoy replies, "When we departed, we inquired after his well-being." They are led down from the terrace to stand facing the hall. Tribute items are brought in and arranged before the hall. After the Crane Control officers complete obeisance, the usher bows and announces that the King of Goryeo presents tribute with his greetings. The Imperial Household commissioner on the hall dais announces that the tribute is sent to the treasury. When the horses and carrying frames have been taken out, the envoys are led to withdraw, turn to face west, and bow. The chamberlain bows and announces that the Goryeo gratitude-and-tribute envoys, Official So-and-so and those below, await audience. They perform ceremonial dance-bows and complete five bows. Without leaving the rank, they announce, "May his sacred person enjoy ten thousand blessings," and bow again. Stepping forward from the rank, they give thanks for beholding the imperial countenance and perform five bows. Stepping forward from the rank, they give thanks for the distant escort and medicinal broth, perform five bows, and each is called to await orders. The envoys' personal offerings are brought in and arranged before the hall. Officers of the Crane Control guard perform obeisance. The usher bows and announces that the Goryeo gratitude-and-tribute envoys, Official So-and-so and those below, present tribute. The Imperial Household commissioner on the hall dais announces as before. The envoys are led up the west steps into the hall and stand in their assigned order. The emperor does not take the imperial couch; officials accompany the wine service. Khitan chamberlains announce, Han Privy Council commissioners call the rites, and they bow again, shout, "Ten thousand years!" and each take his seat. Three rounds of wine are served, with two kinds of dishes. If the imperial order commands them to drain their cups, they bow from their places, shout, "Ten thousand years!" and each is called to take his seat. For the dishes no herald's call is given. They rise, bow again, and shout, "Ten thousand years!" They are led down from the hall, perform ceremonial dance-bows, and bow five times. The usher calls for all to stand at attention. They are led out, and a separate envoy is assigned within the station to host them at the banquet. They rise. After garments are proclaimed and bestowed, they offer thanks from afar, complete five bows, and return to their lodge.
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曲宴高麗使儀:臣僚入朝,班齊,皇帝升殿。 宣徽、教坊、控鶴、文武班起居,皆如常儀; 謝宣宴,如宋使儀。 贊各上殿祗候。 契丹臣僚謝宣宴。 勾高麗使入,面南鞠躬。 舍人鞠躬,通高麗國謝恩進奉使某官某以下起居,謝宣宴,共十二拜。 贊各上殿祗候,臣僚、使副就位立。 大臣進酒,契丹舍人通,漢人閣使贊,上殿臣僚皆拜。 贊各祗候,進酒。 大臣復位立,贊應坐臣僚拜,贊各就坐行酒。 若宣令飲盡,贊再拜,贊各就坐。 教坊致語,臣僚皆起立。 口號絕,贊再拜,贊各就坐。 凡拜,皆稱「萬歲」。 曲破,臣僚起,下殿。 契丹臣僚謝宴,中書令以下謝宴畢,引使副謝,七拜。 贊「各好去」,控鶴官門外祗候,報閣門無事。 供奉官卷班出。 來日問聖體。
Rites for the Special Banquet for Goryeo Envoys: officials enter court, ranks are formed, and the emperor ascends the hall. The Imperial Household Commission, Music Office, Crane Control guards, and civil and military ranks perform obeisance, all according to the regular rites; they thank the imperial banquet proclamation, following the same procedure as for Song envoys. The usher calls for all to ascend the hall and stand at attention. Khitan officials thank the imperial banquet proclamation. The Goryeo envoys are summoned in, face south, and bow. The chamberlain bows and announces obeisance on behalf of the Goryeo gratitude-and-tribute envoys, officials so-and-so and below, and thanks for the banquet proclamation—in all, twelve bows. The usher calls for all to ascend the hall and stand at attention. Officials and envoy deputies take their places. A senior minister presents wine. The Khitan chamberlain announces, the Han Privy Council commissioner calls the ceremony, and all officials on the hall bow. The usher calls for all to stand at attention, and wine is served. The senior minister returns to his place. The usher calls for seated officials to bow, then calls for all to be seated as wine is served. If an edict orders them to drain their cups, the usher calls for another bow, then calls for all to be seated. The Music Office delivers a ceremonial address, and all officials rise. When the shouted refrain ends, the usher calls for another bow, then calls for all to be seated. At every bow, they shout, "Ten thousand years!" At the final musical suite, the officials rise and leave the hall. Khitan officials thank the host for the banquet. After the chief minister and those below have done so, the envoy deputies are led forward to give thanks in seven bows. The usher calls, "Each may depart in peace." Crane Control officers stand ready outside the gate. The Privy Council reports that all is in order. Attendance officials withdraw in file. On the following day they inquire after the emperor's health.
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高麗使朝辭儀:臣僚起居、上殿如常儀。 閣門奏高麗使朝辭榜子,起居、戀闕,如宋使之儀。 贊各上殿祗候。 引西階上殿立。 契丹舍人贊拜,稱「萬歲」。 贊各就坐,中書令以下伴酒三行,肴膳二味,皆如初見之儀。 既謝,贊「有敕宴」,五拜。 贊「各好去」,引出,於幕次內別差使臣伴宴。 畢,賜衣物,跪受,遙謝五拜。 歸館。
Rites for the Goryeo Envoys' Farewell Audience: officials perform obeisance and ascend the hall according to the regular procedure. The Privy Council reports the Goryeo envoys' farewell roster. Obeisance and expressions of reluctance to leave follow the same procedure as for Song envoys. The usher calls for all to ascend the hall and stand at attention. They are led up the western steps onto the hall and take their places. The Khitan chamberlain calls for obeisance, and they shout, "Ten thousand years!" The usher calls for all to be seated. The chief minister and those below host three rounds of wine with two kinds of dishes, all as at the first audience. After thanks are offered, the usher announces, "By imperial decree, a banquet," and they bow five times. The usher calls, "Each may depart in peace." They are led out, and a separate envoy is assigned within the station to host them at the banquet. When the rite is complete, garments are bestowed. They kneel to receive them and offer thanks from afar in five bows. They return to their lodge.
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西夏國進奉使朝見儀:臣僚常朝畢,引使者左入,至丹墀,面殿立。 引使者上露臺立。 揖少前,拜跪,附奏起居訖,俯興,復位。 閣使宣問「某安否」,鞠躬聽旨,跪奏「某安」。 俯伏興退,復位。 引左下,至丹墀,面殿立。 禮物右入左出,畢,閣使鞠躬,通某國進奉使姓名候見,共一十七拜。 贊祗候,平立。 有私獻,過畢,揖使者鞠躬,贊「進奉收訖」。 贊祗候,引左上殿,就位立。 臣僚、使者齊聲喏。 酒三行,引使左下,至丹墀謝宴,五拜。 畢,贊「有敕宴」,五拜。 祗候,引右出。 禮畢。 於外賜宴,客省伴宴,仍賜衣物。
Rites for the Western Xia Tribute Envoys' Audience: after the regular court audience, the envoys are led in from the left to the red steps and stand facing the hall. The envoys are led up to the open terrace and take their places. They bow with clasped hands and step forward, kneel and bow, present attached obeisance on behalf of their ruler, prostrate and rise, and return to their places. The Privy Council commissioner proclaims the inquiry, "Is so-and-so well?" They bow to hear the decree, kneel, and report, "So-and-so is well." They prostrate, rise, withdraw, and return to their places. They are led down to the left, to the red steps, and stand facing the hall. Tribute gifts are brought in from the right and removed to the left. When this is done, the Privy Council commissioner bows and announces the tribute envoys of the state by name who await audience—in all, seventeen bows. The usher calls for them to stand at attention, and they stand erect. If there are private offerings, when these are presented the envoys are motioned to bow. The usher announces, "The tribute has been received." The usher calls for them to stand at attention. They are led up the left onto the hall and take their places. Officials and envoys shout their assent together. After three rounds of wine, the envoys are led down to the left to the red steps to thank the host for the banquet in five bows. When this is done, the usher announces, "By imperial decree, a banquet," and they bow five times. They stand at attention and are led out to the right. The rites are concluded. A banquet is granted outside the palace. The Reception Office hosts it, and garments are also bestowed.
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西夏使朝辭儀:常朝畢,引使者左入,通某國某使祗候辭,再拜。 不出班,起居,再拜。 出班,戀闕、致詞,復再拜。 賜衣物,謝恩如常儀。 若賜宴,五拜。 畢,贊「好去」,引右出。
Rites for the Western Xia Envoys' Farewell Audience: after the regular audience, the envoys are led in from the left. It is announced that the envoys of the state await farewell audience, and they bow twice. Without stepping forward from the rank, they perform obeisance and bow twice. They step forward from the rank, express reluctance to leave the court and deliver a farewell address, and bow twice again. Garments are bestowed, and they thank the emperor according to the regular procedure. If a banquet is granted, they bow five times. When the rite is complete, the usher calls, "Depart in peace," and they are led out to the right.