1
永樂元年春正月己卯朔，禦奉天殿受朝賀，宴群臣及屬國使。 乙酉，享太廟。 辛卯，大祀天地於南郊。 復周王橚、齊王榑、代王桂、岷王楩舊封。 以北平為北京。 癸巳，何定侯孟善鎮遼東。 丁酉，宋晟為平羌將軍，鎮甘肅。 二月庚戌，設北京留守行後軍都督府、行部、國子監，改北平曰順天府。 乙卯，遣御史分巡天下，為定制。 己未，徙封寧王權於南昌。 貽書鬼力赤可汗，許其遣使通好。 癸亥，耕耤田。 乙丑，遣使徵尚師哈立麻於烏斯藏。 己巳，振北京六府饑。 辛未，命法司五日一引奏罪囚。 壬申，瘞戰地暴骨。 甲戌，高陽王高煦備邊開平。 三月庚辰，江陰侯吳高鎮大同。 壬午，改北平行都司為大寧都司，徙保定，始以大寧地畀兀良哈。 戊子，平江伯陳瑄、都督僉事宣信充總兵官，督海運，餉遼東、北京，歲以為常。 甲午，振直隸、北京、山東、河南饑。
In the first year of Yongle, on the new moon of the first month of spring, the Emperor held court at Fengtian Hall to receive New Year felicitations and gave a banquet for his ministers and envoys from the tributary states. On yiyou he offered sacrifice at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On xinmao he performed the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth in the southern suburbs. The Zhou prince Su, the Qi prince Fu, the Dai prince Gui, and the Min prince Bian had their former fiefs restored. Beiping was designated the Northern Capital. On guisi Marquis Meng Shan of Hedeng was posted to guard Liaodong. On dingyou Song Sheng was named General Who Pacifies the Qiang and garrisoned in Gansu. In the second month, on gengxu, he set up the Beijing rear-garrison command, a touring secretariat, and a branch of the National University, and renamed Beiping Shuntian Prefecture. On yimao censors were sent on circuit throughout the empire, a practice thereafter made permanent. On jiwei Prince Quan of Ning was moved to a new fief at Nanchang. He wrote to Khan Güilichi, agreeing that the latter might send envoys to establish friendly ties. On guihai the Emperor plowed the sacred field. On yichou envoys were sent to summon the preceptor Halima from Tibet. On jisi relief was extended to famine victims in Beijing's six prefectures. On xinwei the judiciary was ordered to bring prisoners before the throne for review every five days. On renshen the unburied dead on battlefields were interred. On jiaxu the Prince of Gaoyang, Zhu Gaoxu, took charge of frontier defense at Kaiping. In the third month, on gengchen, the Marquis of Jiangyin, Wu Gao, was posted to Datong. On renwu the Beiping regional command was reorganized as the Daning command and relocated to Baoding; Daning lands were for the first time granted to the Uriyangqad. On wuzi the Earl of Pingjiang, Chen Xuan, and Assistant Commander Xuan Xin were appointed joint commanders-in-chief to oversee grain shipments by sea to Liaodong and Beijing, thereafter an annual routine. On jiawu famine relief was sent to Zhili, Beijing, Shandong, and Henan.
2
夏四月丁未朔，安南胡氣襲陳氏封爵，遣使察實以聞。 己酉，戶部尚書夏原吉治蘇、松、嘉、湖水患。 辛未，岷王楩有罪，降其官屬。 甲戌，襄城伯李濬鎮江西。 五月丁丑，除天下荒田未墾者額稅。 癸未，宥死罪以下，遞減一等。 庚寅，捕山東蝗。 丁酉，河南蝗，免今年夏稅。 是月，再論靖難功，封駙馬都尉袁容等三人為侯。 陳亨子懋等六人為伯。 六月壬子，代王桂有罪，削其護衛。 癸丑，遣給事中、御史分行天下，撫安軍民，有司好貪者逮治。 丁巳，改上高皇帝、高皇后尊謚。 戊辰，武安侯鄭亨鎮宣府。
In the fourth month of summer, at the new moon on dingwei, word came that Hu Di in Annam had usurped the Chen house's enfeoffment; envoys were sent to verify the facts. On jiyou the minister of revenue Xia Yuanji was put in charge of flood control on the Suzhou–Songjiang–Jiaxing–Taihu circuit. On xinwei Prince Bian of Min was found guilty and his household officers were reduced in rank. On jiaxu the Earl of Xiangcheng, Li Jun, was posted to Jiangxi. In the fifth month, on dingchou, grain quotas were lifted on uncultivated wasteland empire-wide. On guiwei criminals below capital punishment were pardoned, each sentence reduced by one degree. On gengyin locusts were hunted in Shandong. On dingyou a locust plague struck Henan and the summer levy was waived for the year. That month service in the Pacification was rewarded again: the emperor's son-in-law Yuan Rong and two others were made marquises. Chen Heng's son Mao and five others were enfeoffed as earls. In the sixth month, on renzi, Prince Gui of Dai was punished and his princely guard was cut. On guichou supervising secretaries and censors fanned out across the empire to reassure troops and civilians; venal officials were arrested. On dingsi the posthumous honorifics of Taizu and the founding empress were revised. On wuchen the Marquis of Wu'an, Zheng Heng, was posted to Xuanfu.
3
秋七月庚寅，復貽書鬼力赤。 八月己巳，發流罪以下墾北京田。 甲戌，徙直隸蘇州等十郡、浙江等九省富民實北京。 九月癸未，命寶源局鑄農器，給山東被兵窮民。 庚寅，初遣中官馬彬使爪哇諸國。 乙未，奪歷城侯盛庸爵，尋自殺。 庚子，岷王楩有罪，削其護衛。
In the seventh month of autumn, on gengyin, he wrote again to Khan Güilichi. In the eighth month, on jisi, convicts below exile grade were sent to till land around Beijing. On jiaxu prosperous families from ten Zhili prefectures including Suzhou and from nine Zhejiang circuits were relocated to populate Beijing. In the ninth month, on guiwei, the Bureau of the Treasury Source was ordered to cast farming tools for Shandong's war-ruined poor. On gengyin the eunuch Ma Bin was for the first time dispatched on embassy to Java and neighboring states. On yiwei the Marquis of Licheng, Sheng Yong, was deprived of his rank; he took his own life soon after. On gengzi Prince Bian of Min was again found guilty and his guard was cut.
4
冬十一月乙亥朔，頒歷於朝鮮諸國，著為令。 壬辰，罷遣浚河民夫。 甲午，北京地震。 乙未，命六科辦事官言事。 丙申，韓觀討柳州山賊，平之。 閏月丁卯，封胡為安南國王。
In the eleventh month of winter, at the new moon on yihai, the court calendar was distributed to Korea and other tributaries as a standing rule. On renchen the corvée gangs working on river dredging were released. On jiawu an earthquake struck Beijing. On yiwei the six supervising secretaries on rotation were instructed to submit memorials. On bingshen Han Guan suppressed the mountain bandits of Liuzhou and pacified the region. In the intercalary month, on dingmao, Hu was invested as king of Annam.
5
是年，始命內臣出鎮及監京營軍。 朝鮮入貢者六，自是歲時貢賀為常。 琉球中山、山北、山南，暹羅，占城，爪哇西王，日本，剌泥，安南入貢。
That year eunuchs were for the first time sent to command regional garrisons and to supervise the capital camps. Korea presented tribute six times; thereafter seasonal offerings and New Year felicitations became routine. Envoys came from Chuzan, northern Ryukyu, southern Ryukyu, Siam, Champa, the western king of Java, Japan, Lani, and Annam.
6
二年春正月乙卯，大祀天地於南郊。 己巳，召世子高熾及高陽王高煦還京師。 三月乙巳，賜曾棨等進士及第、出身有差。 己酉，始選進士為翰林院庶吉士。 庚戌，吏部請罪千戶違制薦士者，帝曰：“馬周不因常何進乎？ 果才，授之官，否則罷之可耳。 ”戊辰，改封敷惠王允熙甌寧王，奉懿文太子祀。
In the second year of Yongle, in the first month of spring, on yimao, he performed the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth in the southern suburbs. On jisi the heir apparent Zhu Gaochi and the Prince of Gaoyang, Zhu Gaoxu, were recalled to the capital. In the third month, on yisi, the new jinshi including Zeng Qi were graded into top, middle, and lower classes. On jiyou graduates of the metropolitan examination were for the first time chosen as Hanlin probationers. On gengxu the Ministry of Personnel sought punishment for a chiliarch who had breached rules by sponsoring a candidate. The Emperor said, 「Did not Ma Zhou gain office through Chang He's introduction? If the man has talent, appoint him; if not, send him away. Nothing more is needed. 」On wuchen the Fu Hui prince Zhu Yunxi was re-enfeoffed as Prince of Ouning, charged with maintaining the cult of the Yiwen crown prince.
7
夏四月辛未朔，置東宮官屬。 壬申，僧道衍為太子少師，復共姓姚，賜名廣孝。 甲戌，立子高熾為皇太子，封高煦漢王，高燧趙王。 壬午，封汪應祖為琉球國山南王。 五月壬寅，豐城侯李彬鎮廣東，清遠伯王友充總兵官，率舟師巡海。 六月丁亥，汰冗官。 辛卯，振松江、嘉興、蘇州、湖州饑。 甲午，封哈密安克帖木兒為忠順王。
In the fourth month of summer, at the new moon on xinwei, officers for the heir apparent's establishment were appointed. On renshen the monk Daoyan became junior tutor to the crown prince, resumed the clan name Yao, and received the honor name Guangxiao. On jiaxu Zhu Gaochi was made crown prince; Zhu Gaoxu was enfeoffed as Prince of Han and Zhu Gaochui as Prince of Zhao. On renwu Wang Yingzu was invested as king of southern Ryukyu. In the fifth month, on renyin, the Marquis of Fengcheng guarded Guangdong while the Earl of Qingyuan, Wang You, took command of the fleet on coastal patrol. In the sixth month, on dinghai, redundant posts were abolished. On xinmao famine relief went to Songjiang, Jiaxing, Suzhou, and Huzhou. On jiawu Aqq Tagh Timür of Hami was invested as the Loyal and Obedient prince.
8
秋七月壬戌，鄱陽民進書毀先賢，杖之，毀其書。 丙寅，振江西、湖廣水災。 八月丁酉，故安南國王陳日煃弟天平來奔。 九月丙午，周王橚來朝，獻騶虞，百官請賀。 帝曰：“瑞應依德而至，騶虞若果為祥，在朕更當修省。 ”丁卯，徙山西民萬戶實北京。 命自今御史巡行察吏毋得摭拾人言，賢否皆具實跡以聞。
In the seventh month of autumn, on renxu, a man of Poyang submitted a work defaming the sages; he was flogged and the book burned. On bingyin flood victims in Jiangxi and Huguang received relief. In the eighth month, on dingyou, Chen Tianping, brother of the former Annamese king Chen Rizhao, fled to the court. In the ninth month, on bingwu, Prince Su of Zhou attended court with a zouyu; the bureaucracy urged celebration. The Emperor said, 「Portents follow virtue. If this zouyu is truly a blessing, I must examine myself all the more. 」On dingmao ten thousand households from Shanxi were relocated to bolster Beijing. Henceforth touring censors were forbidden to rely on rumor; every report on an official's character was to rest on verified fact.
9
冬十月丁丑，河決開封。 乙酉，蒲城、河津黃河清。 是月，籍長興侯耿炳文家，炳文自殺。 十一月甲辰，禦奉天門錄囚。 癸丑，京師及濟南、開封地震，敕群臣修省。 戊午，蠲蘇、松、嘉、湖、杭水災田租。 十二月壬辰，同州、韓城黃河清。 是月，下李景隆於獄。
In the tenth month of winter, on dingchou, the Yellow River broke through at Kaifeng. On yiyou the Yellow River ran clear at Pucheng and Hejin. That month the estate of the Marquis of Changxing, Geng Bingwen, was confiscated; he took his own life. In the eleventh month, on jiachen, the Emperor held court at Fengtian Gate to review criminal cases. On guichou earthquakes struck the capital, Jinan, and Kaifeng; the court was ordered to moral self-scrutiny. On wuwu land tax was waived for flood-stricken districts on the Suzhou–Songjiang–Jiaxing–Taihu–Hangzhou circuit. In the twelfth month, on renchen, the Yellow River ran clear at Tongzhou and Hancheng. That month Li Jinglong was imprisoned.
10
是年，占城，別失八里，琉球山北、山南，爪哇，真臘入貢。 暹羅，日本，琉球中山入貢者再。
That year envoys came from Champa, Beshbaligh, northern and southern Ryukyu, Java, and Zhenla. Siam, Japan, and Chuzan each sent tribute twice.
11
三年春正月庚戌，大祀天地於南郊。 甲寅，遣使責諭安南。 庚申，復免順天、永平、保定田租二年。 二月己巳，行部尚書雒僉以言事涉怨誹誅。 癸未，趙王高燧居守北京。 三月甲寅，免湖廣被水田租。
In the third year of Yongle, in the first month of spring, on gengxu, he performed the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth in the southern suburbs. On jiayin envoys were sent to reprimand Annam. On gengshen land tax in Shuntian, Yongping, and Baoding was waived for another two years. In the second month, on jisi, the touring minister Luo Qian was executed after memorializing in language judged slanderous. On guiwei the Prince of Zhao, Zhu Gaochui, was left to hold Beijing. In the third month, on jiayin, land tax was waived on inundated fields in Huguang.
12
夏六月己卯，中官鄭和帥舟師使西洋諸國。 庚辰，中官山壽等帥兵出雲州覘敵。 甲申，夏原吉等振蘇、松、嘉、湖饑。 免天下農民戶口食鹽鈔。 庚寅，胡謝罪，請迎陳天平歸國。
In the sixth month of summer, on jimao, the eunuch Zheng He led the fleet on the first voyage to the Western Ocean states. On gengchen the eunuch Shan Shou and others led troops from Yunzhou to scout the enemy. On jiashen Xia Yuanji and his colleagues relieved famine on the Suzhou–Songjiang–Jiaxing–Taihu circuit. Salt-tax coupons for farming households were abolished empire-wide. On gengyin Hu submitted a confession and asked permission to escort Chen Tianping home.
13
秋九月丁酉，蠲蘇、松、嘉、湖水災田租，凡三百三十八萬石。 丁巳，徙山西民萬戶實北京。
In the ninth month of autumn, on dingyou, flood-land tax was waived on the Jiangnan lake circuit for a total of 3,380,000 piculs. On dingsi another ten thousand Shanxi households were relocated to Beijing.
14
冬十月，盜殺駙馬都尉梅殷。 丁卯，齊王榑有罪，三賜書戒之。 戊子，頒《祖訓》於諸王。 十二月戊辰，沐晟討八百，降之。 庚辰，都督僉事黃中、呂毅以兵納陳天平於安南。
In the tenth month of winter the emperor's son-in-law Mei Yin was murdered by bandits. On dingmao Prince Fu of Qi was judged guilty and received three imperial letters of warning. On wuzi the Ancestral Instructions were issued to all princely houses. In the twelfth month, on wuchen, Mu Sheng campaigned against the Moeng Baung kingdom and brought it to submission. On gengchen, the regional commanders Huang Zhong and Lü Yi marched Chen Tianping into Annam under arms.
15
是年，蘇門答剌、滿剌加、古裏、浡泥來貢，封其長為王。 日本貢馬，並俘獲倭寇為邊患者。 爪哇東、西，占城，碟裏，日羅夏治，合貓裏，火州回回入貢。 暹羅，琉球山南、山北入貢者再，琉球中山入貢者三。
In that year envoys came from Samudera, Malacca, Calicut, and Brunei, and their rulers were invested as kings. Japan sent horses and handed over wokou seized on the coast who had harried the borders. Tribute arrived from eastern and western Java, Champa, Dieli, Narai Xiazhi, Hemali, and the Huozhou Muslims. Siam sent tribute; the southern and northern kings of Ryukyu came twice, the central king thrice.
16
四年春正月丁未，大祀天地於南郊。 丙辰，初禦午朝，令群臣奏事得從容陳論。 三月辛卯朔，釋奠於先師孔子。 甲午，設遼東開原、廣寧馬市。 乙巳，賜林環等進士及第、出身有差。 丙午，胡襲殺陳天平於芹站，前大理卿薛巖死之，黃中等引兵還。
In the fourth year, first month of spring, on dingwei, the emperor offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. On bingchen he inaugurated the noon audience, bidding ministers lay business before him and debate without haste. On xinmao, the new moon of the third month, he performed the Confucian sacrifice. On jiawu horse markets were opened at Kaiyuan and Guangning in Liaodong. On yisi Lin Huan and the new jinshi were graduated into the Presented Scholar and Regular Graduate ranks as their marks allowed. On bingwu Hu Qi struck down Chen Tianping at Qinzhan; Xue Yan, lately minister of justice, was killed, and Huang Zhong withdrew his column.
17
夏四月己卯，遣使購遺書。 五月丁酉，振常州、廬州、安慶饑。 庚戌，齊王榑有罪，削官屬護衛，留之京師。 六月己未朔，日當食，陰雲不見，禮官請表賀，不許。 丙寅，南陽獻瑞麥，諭禮部曰：“比郡縣屢奏祥瑞，獨比為豐年之兆。 ”命薦之宗廟。
In the fourth month of summer, on jimao, the court commissioned envoys to buy up lost books. In the fifth month, on dingyou, grain relief was sent to famine districts in Changzhou, Luzhou, and Anqing. On gengxu Prince Fu of Qi was judged guilty; his staff and guards were stripped away and he was kept in the capital. On jiwei, the new moon of the sixth month, an eclipse was due but clouds veiled the sky; the Board of Rites asked to felicitate the throne, and the emperor refused. On bingyin Nanyang offered miracle wheat; he told the Board of Rites, "Districts keep reporting lucky signs, yet only this betokens a full harvest." He commanded that it be offered at the ancestral temple.
18
秋七月辛卯，硃能為征夷將軍，沐晟、張輔副之，帥師分道討安南，兵部尚書劉俊參贊軍務，行部尚書黃福、大理卿陳洽督餉。 詔曰：“安南皆朕赤子，惟黎季犛父子首惡必誅，他脅從者釋之。 罪人既得，立陳氏子孫賢者。 毋養亂，毋玩寇，毋毀廬墓，毋害禾稼，毋攘財貨掠子女，毋殺降。 有一於此，雖功不宥。 ”乙巳，申誹謗之禁。 閏月壬戌，詔以明年五月建北京宮殿，分遣大臣采木於四川、湖廣、江西、浙江、山西。 八月丁酉，詔通政司，凡上書奏民事者，雖小必以聞。 癸丑，齊王榑廢為庶人。 九月戊辰，振蘇、松、常、杭、嘉、湖流民復業者十二萬余戶。
In the seventh month of autumn, on xinmao, Zhu Neng was appointed general for the punitive expedition against Annam, with Mu Sheng and Zhang Fu as lieutenants; they marched by several routes while Liu Jun of the Ministry of War advised on operations and Huang Fu and Chen Qia directed the commissariat. An edict declared: "Every soul in Annam is Our child; only Lê Qui Lý and his son are ringleaders who must die—the coerced shall go free." Once the guilty are seized, enthrone a worthy scion of the Chen house. Do not feed rebellion, do not toy with the foe, do not raze dwellings and graves, do not trample the crops, do not plunder goods or abduct women, do not slay those who yield. Whoever commits any of these, though his service be great, shall not be spared. On yisi the ban on slanderous speech was proclaimed anew. In the intercalary month, on renxu, an edict fixed the coming fifth month for raising the Beijing palaces and sent grand ministers to levy timber in Sichuan, Huguang, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, and Shanxi. In the eighth month, on dingyou, the Office of Transmission was commanded to relay every civilian petition, however slight. On guichou Prince Fu of Qi was reduced to commoner rank. In the ninth month, on wuchen, relief was granted to over 120,000 households of vagrants in the Lake Tai region who had resumed farming.
19
冬十月戊子，成國公硃能卒於軍，張輔代領其眾。 乙未，克隘留關。 庚子，沐晟率師會於白鶴。 十一月己巳，甘露降孝陵松柏，醴泉出神樂觀，薦之太廟，賜百官。 十二月辛卯，赦天下殊死以下。 張輔大破安南兵於嘉林江。 丙申，拔多邦城。 丁酉，克其東都。 癸卯，克西都，賊遁入海。 辛亥，甌寧王允熙邸第火，王薨。
In the tenth month of winter, on wuzi, Zhu Neng, Duke of Cheng, died on campaign; Zhang Fu assumed his command. On yiwei the army stormed Ailiao Pass. On gengzi Mu Sheng's column united with the main army at White Crane. In the eleventh month, on jisi, sweet dew descended on the Xiaoling pines and a spring of sweet wine welled at the Divine Music Office; both were offered at the Grand Temple and shared with the bureaucracy. In the twelfth month, on xinmao, the throne pardoned all crimes short of death. Zhang Fu shattered the Annamese host on the Jialin River. On bingshen Duobang fell. On dingyou the eastern capital was seized. On guimao the western capital fell and the rebels took to the sea. On xinhai fire consumed the mansion of Yunxi, Prince of Ouning, and the prince perished in it.
20
是年，暹羅，占城，於闐，浡泥，日本，琉球中山、山南、婆羅入貢。 爪哇東、西，真臘入貢者再。 別失八里入貢者三。 琉球進閹人，還之，回回結牙曲進玉碗，卻之。
In that year tribute came from Siam, Champa, Khotan, Brunei, Japan, the central and southern kings of Ryukyu, and Borneo. Eastern and western Java and Zhenla sent envoys twice. Beshbalik dispatched tribute missions thrice. Ryukyu offered eunuchs, who were returned; Jieyaqu of the Muslim lands sent a jade bowl, which the court refused.
21
五年春正月丁卯，大祀天地於南郊。 己巳，張輔大敗安南兵於木丸江。 二月庚寅，出翰林學士解縉為廣西參議。 三月丁巳，封尚師哈立麻為大實法王。 辛巳，張輔大破安南兵於富良江。
In the fifth year, first month of spring, on dingmao, the emperor offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. On jisi Zhang Fu broke the Annamese army on the Muwan River. In the second month, on gengyin, Xie Jin of the Hanlin Academy was posted to Guangxi as administrative commissioner. In the third month, on dingsi, the Tibetan preceptor Halima was invested as Great Precious Dharma King. On xinsi Zhang Fu routed the Annamese on the Fuliang River.
22
夏四月己酉，振順天、河間、保定饑。 五月甲子，張輔擒黎季犛、黎蒼獻京師，安南平，河南饑，逮治匿災有司。 敕都察院，凡災傷不以實聞者罪之。 六月癸未，以安南平，詔天下，置交阯布政司。 己丑，山陽民丁玨訐其鄉人誹謗，擢為刑科給事中。 甲午，詔自永樂二年六月後犯罪去官者，悉宥之。 乙未，張輔移師會韓觀討潯、柳叛蠻。 癸卯，命張輔訪交阯人才，禮遣赴京師。
In the fourth month of summer, on jiyou, famine relief was sent to Shuntian, Hejian, and Baoding. In the fifth month, on jiazi, Zhang Fu seized Lê Qui Lý and Lê Cang and brought them to the capital; Annam was pacified; in Henan famine officials who had hidden the distress were seized and punished. The Censorate was charged: whoever failed to report disaster damage honestly would answer for it. On guiwei, with Annam subdued, an edict went throughout the empire and the Jiaozhi provincial administration commission was created. On jichou Ding Yu of Shanyang denounced a neighbor for slander and was raised to supervising secretary in the Bureau of Punishments. On jiawu an edict pardoned every official dismissed for crime since the sixth month of Yongle 2. On yiwei Zhang Fu marched to unite with Han Guan against the Xun and Liu rebels. On guimao Zhang Fu was commanded to recruit men of ability in Jiaozhi and escort them courteously to the capital.
23
秋七月乙卯，皇后崩。 丁卯，河溢河南。 八月乙酉，左都督何福鎮甘肅。 庚子，錄囚，雜犯死罪減等論戍，流以下釋之。 九月壬子，鄭和還。 乙卯，禦奉天門，受安南俘，大賚將士。
In the seventh month of autumn, on yimao, the empress died. On dingmao the Yellow River burst its banks in Henan. In the eighth month, on yiyou, the left regional commander He Fu took post in Gansu. On gengzi the court reviewed prisoners, commuting mixed capital offenses to frontier service and freeing all below exile. In the ninth month, on renzi, Zheng He came home from the sea. On yimao he took the throne at Fengtian Gate, accepted the Annam prisoners, and lavished rewards on the army.
24
冬十月，潯、柳蠻平。
In the tenth month of winter the Xun and Liu rebellions were put down.
25
是年，琉球中山、山南，婆羅，日本，別失八里，阿魯，撒馬兒罕，蘇門答剌，滿剌加，小葛蘭入貢。
In that year envoys came from Ryukyu's central and southern courts, Borneo, Japan, Beshbalik, Aru, Samarkand, Samudera, Malacca, and Little Golan.
26
六年春正月丁巳，岷王楩復有罪，罷其官屬。 辛酉，大祀天地於南郊。 二月丁未，除北京永樂五年以前逋賦，免諸色課程三年。 三月癸丑，寧陽伯陳懋鎮寧夏。 乙卯，除河南、山東、山西永樂五年以前逋賦。
In the sixth year, first month of spring, on dingsi, Prince Zhen of Min offended again and his staff were removed. On xinyou the emperor offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. In the second month, on dingwei, Beijing tax arrears before Yongle 5 were cancelled and every commercial levy waived for three years. In the third month, on guichou, Chen Mao, Earl of Ningyang, took command in Ningxia. On yimao tax arrears before Yongle 5 in Henan, Shandong, and Shanxi were forgiven.
27
夏四月丙申，始命雲南鄉試。 五月壬戌夜，京師地震。 六月庚辰，詔罷北京諸司不急之務及買辦，以甦民困； 流民來歸者復三年。 丁亥，張輔、沐晟還。
In the fourth month of summer, on bingshen, the provincial civil examination was inaugurated in Yunnan. On the night of renxu in the fifth month the capital quaked. On gengchen an edict halted nonessential Beijing office work and government purchases to relieve the people's distress; returning vagrants were granted three years' exemption from levies. On dinghai Zhang Fu and Mu Sheng came back to court.
28
秋七月癸丑，論平交阯功，進封張輔英國公，沐晟黔國公，王友清遠侯，封都督僉事柳升安遠伯，余爵賞有差。 八月乙酉，交阯簡定反，沐晟為征夷將軍，討之，劉俊仍參贊軍務。 九月己酉，命刑部疏滯獄。 癸亥，鄭和復使西洋。
In the seventh month of autumn, on guichou, rewards for the Jiaozhi campaign were settled: Zhang Fu became Duke of England, Mu Sheng Duke of Qian, Wang You Marquis of Qingyuan, and Liu Sheng Earl of Anyuan, with lesser honors apportioned by merit. In the eighth month, on yiyou, Jian Ding rose in Jiaozhi; Mu Sheng was named punitive general against the barbarians, with Liu Jun again advising on the campaign. In the ninth month, on jiyou, the Ministry of Justice was commanded to drain the backlog of suits. On guihai Zheng He sailed again for the Western Ocean.
29
冬十一月丁巳，錄囚。 十二月丁酉，沐晟及簡定戰於生厥江，敗績，劉俊及都督僉事呂毅、參政劉昱死之。 是月，柳升、陳瑄、李彬等率舟師分道沿海捕倭。
In the eleventh month of winter, on dingsi, the court held a prison review. In the twelfth month, on dingyou, Mu Sheng met Jian Ding on the Shengjue River and was beaten; Liu Jun, Lü Yi, and Liu Yu fell in the field. That same month Liu Sheng, Chen Xuan, and Li Bin divided the fleet along the coast to hunt wokou.
30
是年，鬼力赤為其下所弒，立本雅失裏為可汗。 浡泥國王來朝。 瓦剌，占城，於闐，暹羅，撒馬兒罕，榜葛剌，馮嘉施蘭，日本，爪哇，琉球中山、山南入貢。
That year Guilichi was slain by his own men and Benyashiri was raised as khan. The king of Brunei attended court in person. Tribute arrived from Oirat, Champa, Khotan, Siam, Samarkand, Bengal, Fengjiashilan, Japan, Java, and the central and southern courts of Ryukyu.
31
七年春正月癸丑，賜百官上元節假十日，著為令。 乙卯，大祀天地於南郊。 二月乙亥，遣使於巡狩所經郡縣存問高年，八十以上賜酒肉，九十加帛。 丙子，徵致仕知府劉彥才等九十二人分署府州縣。 辛巳，以北巡告天地宗廟社稷。 壬午，發京師，皇太子監國。 張輔、王友率師討簡定。 戊子，謁鳳陽皇陵。 三月甲辰，次東平州，望祭泰山。 辛亥，次景州，望祭恒山。 乙卯，平安自殺。 壬戌，至北京。 癸亥，大賚官吏軍民。 丙寅，詔起兵時將士及北京效力人民雜犯死罪鹹宥之，充軍者官復職，軍民還籍伍。 壬申，柳升敗倭於青州海中，敕還師。
In the seventh year, first month of spring, on guichou, officials received ten days' leave for the Lantern Festival, fixed hereafter as statute. On yimao the emperor offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. On yihai envoys visited every district on the northern tour to comfort the elderly; men of eighty received wine and meat, men of ninety cloth as well. On bingzi ninety-two retired prefects, Liu Yancai among them, were recalled to fill posts in the prefectures and counties. On xinsi the impending northern tour was reported to Heaven, Earth, the imperial ancestors, and the altars of soil and grain. On renwu he left the capital while the crown prince governed in his stead. Zhang Fu and Wang You took the field against Jian Ding. On wuzi he paid homage at the Fengyang imperial tombs. In the third month, on jiachen, he paused at Dongping and offered a distant rite to Mount Tai. On xinhai he stopped at Jingzhou and offered a distant rite to Mount Heng. On yimao Ping An took his own life. On renxu he entered Beijing. On guihai officials, troops, and townsfolk received lavish gifts. On bingyin an edict pardoned founding veterans and Beijing workers condemned for mixed capital offenses, restored office to exiles serving in the ranks, and sent soldiers and civilians back to their original rolls. On renshen Liu Sheng routed wokou off Qingzhou and was commanded to bring the fleet home.
32
夏四月癸酉朔，皇太子攝享太廟。 壬午，海寇犯欽州，副總兵李珪遣將擊敗之。 閏月戊申，命皇太子所決庶務，六科月一類奏。 丙辰，諭行在法司，重罪必五覆奏。 五月己卯，營山陵於昌平，封其山曰天壽。 乙未，封瓦剌馬哈木為順寧王，太平為賢義王，把禿孛羅為安樂王。 六月壬寅，察北巡郡縣長吏，擢汶上知縣史誠祖治行第一，下易州同知張騰於獄。
On guiwei, the new moon of the fourth month of summer, the crown prince offered the seasonal sacrifice at the Grand Temple by proxy. On renwu sea raiders struck Qinzhou; Vice Commander Li Gui dispatched generals who drove them off. In the intercalary month, on wushen, the six scrutiny offices were commanded to file monthly summaries of civil business the crown prince had decided. On bingchen the Emperor instructed the judicial offices at the traveling court that capital cases required five separate memorial reviews before execution. In the fifth month, on jimao, work began on the imperial mausoleum at Changping, and the hill there was named Tianshou. On yiwei the Oirat leaders Mahamu, Taiping, and Batu Boluo were enfeoffed as Princes of Shunning Tranquility, Worthy Righteousness, and Peaceful Joy respectively. In the sixth month, on renyin, during the northern inspection the Emperor reviewed local administrators, promoted Wenshang magistrate Shi Chengzu for the best record of rule, and imprisoned Yizhou vice prefect Zhang Teng.
33
辛亥，給事中郭驥使本雅失裏，為所殺。 丁卯，斥御史洪秉等四人，詔自今御史勿用吏員。
On xinhai the supervising secretary Guo Ji went on embassy to Benyashiri and was slain there. On dingmao four censors including Hong Bing were expelled, and an edict forbade appointing former clerks to the censorate.
34
秋七月癸酉，淇國公丘福為征虜大將軍，武成侯王聰、同安侯火真副之，靖安侯王忠、安平侯李遠為左、右參將，討本雅失裏。 八月甲寅，丘福敗績於臚朐河，福及聰、真、忠、遠皆戰死。 庚申，張輔敗賊於鹹子關。 九月庚午朔，日有食之。 張輔敗賊於太平海口。 甲戌，贈北征死事李遠莒國公、王聰漳國公，遂決意親征。 丙子，武安侯鄭亨率師巡邊。 壬午，成安候郭亮備禦開平。
In the seventh month of autumn, on guiyou, Qiu Fu, Duke of Qi, was named grand general for the punitive expedition, with Wang Cong and Huo Zhen as lieutenant generals and Wang Zhong and Li Yuan as wing commanders, to strike Benyashiri. In the eighth month, on jiayin, Qiu Fu was routed on the Luchuan River; he, Wang Cong, Huo Zhen, Wang Zhong, and Li Yuan all fell in the fighting. On gengshen Zhang Fu routed the enemy at Xianzi Pass. At the new moon of the ninth month, gengwu, the sun was eclipsed. Zhang Fu again routed the rebels at Taiping Estuary. On jiaxu Li Yuan and Wang Cong, who had died on the northern campaign, were posthumously created dukes of Ju and Zhang; the Emperor then determined to take the field himself. On bingzi the Marquis of Wu'an, Zheng Heng, led a column to patrol the border. On renwu the Marquis of Cheng'an, Guo Liang, took post to guard Kaiping.
35
冬十月丁未，削丘福封爵，徙其家於海南。 十一月戊寅，張輔獲簡定於美良，送京師，誅之。 十二月庚戌，賜濟寧至良鄉民頻年遞運者田租一年。 乙丑，召張輔還。
In the tenth month of winter, on dingwei, Qiu Fu's title was revoked and his household was exiled to Hainan. In the eleventh month, on wuyin, Zhang Fu seized Jian Ding at Meiliang, sent him to the capital, and put him to death. In the twelfth month, on gengxu, peasants along the Jining–Liangxiang transport corridor who had borne relay duty year after year were granted one year's remission of field tax. On yichou Zhang Fu was recalled to court.
36
是年，滿剌加，哈烈，撒馬兒罕，火州，古裏，占城，蘇門答剌，琉球中山、山南入貢。 暹羅、榜葛剌入貢者再。
That year tribute arrived from Malacca, Herat, Samarkand, Huozhou, Calicut, Champa, Samudra, and from both Zhongshan and Shannan in Ryukyu. Siam and Bengal each presented tribute on two occasions.
37
八年春正月辛未，召寧陽侯陳懋隨征漠北。 己卯，皇太子攝祀天地於南郊。 癸巳，免去年揚州、淮安、鳳陽、陳州水災田租，贖軍民所鬻子女。 二月辛丑，以北征詔天下，命戶部尚書夏原吉輔皇長孫瞻基留守北京。 乙巳，皇太子錄囚，奏貰雜犯死罪以下，從之。 丁未，發北京。 癸亥，遣祭所過名山大川。 乙丑，大閱。 三月丁卯，清遠侯王友督中軍，安遠伯柳升副之，寧遠侯何福、武安侯鄭亨督左、右哨，寧陽侯陳懋、廣恩伯劉才督左、右掖，都督劉江督前哨。 甲戌，次鳴鑾戍。 乙亥，誓師。
In the eighth year, first month of spring, on xinwei, the Marquis of Ningyang, Chen Mao, was called up to join the desert campaign. On jimao the Crown Prince performed the suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. On guisi last year's flood taxes in Yangzhou, Huai'an, Fengyang, and Chenzhou were forgiven, and children sold by soldiers and commoners were bought back. In the second month, on xinchou, the northern campaign was announced to the empire, and Minister of Revenue Xia Yuanji was left in Beijing to assist the eldest imperial grandson, Zhanji. On yisi the Crown Prince reviewed prisoners and recommended pardons for non-capital miscellaneous crimes; the Emperor approved. On dingwei the Emperor marched out from Beijing. On guihai envoys were sent to offer sacrifice at famous mountains and rivers along the line of march. On yichou the army was reviewed in full. In the third month, on dingmao, Wang You, Marquis of Qingyuan, took the center with Liu Sheng, Earl of Anyuan, as his second; He Fu and Zheng Heng led the left and right screens, Chen Mao and Liu Cai the left and right wings, and Liu Jiang the vanguard. On jiaxu the host encamped at Mingluan. On yihai the army swore the campaign oath.
38
夏四月庚申，次威虜鎮，以橐季駝所載水給衛士，視軍士皆食，始進膳。 五月丁卯，更名臚朐河曰飲馬。 甲戌，聞本雅失裏西奔，遂渡飲馬河追之。 己卯，及於斡難河，大敗之，本雅失裏以七騎遁。 丙戌，還次飲馬河，詔移師征阿魯臺。 丁亥，回回哈剌馬牙殺都指揮劉秉謙，據肅州衛以叛，千戶硃迪等討平之。 六月甲辰，阿魯臺偽降，命諸將嚴陣以待，果悉眾來犯。 帝自將精騎迎擊。 大敗之，追北百余裏。 丁未，又敗之。 己酉，班師。
In the fourth month of summer, on gengshen, the army stopped at Weilu; camel-borne water was issued to the guards, and the Emperor would not dine until every soldier had been fed. In the fifth month, on dingmao, the Luchuan River was renamed the Drinking Horse River. On jiaxu, learning that Benyashiri had bolted westward, the Emperor crossed the Drinking Horse River in pursuit. On jimao he caught the enemy on the Onon and routed them utterly; Benyashiri fled with only seven riders. On bingxu, back at the Drinking Horse River, an edict turned the army against Aruqtai. On dinghai the Muslim Halaima murdered Regional Commander Liu Bingqian, seized Suzhou Guard in revolt, and was put down by the thousand-householder Zhu Di and his fellows. In the sixth month, on jiachen, Aruqtai pretended to submit; the Emperor told his generals to stand battle-ready, and the foe duly came in full strength. The Emperor himself led picked horsemen to meet them. He shattered them and chased north for over a hundred li. On dingwei he beat them again. On jiyou the army turned homeward.
39
秋七月丁卯，次開平。 帝在軍，念士卒艱苦，每蔬食，是日宴賚，始復常膳。 西寧侯宋琥鎮甘肅。 辛巳，振安慶、徽州、鳳陽、鎮江饑。 壬午，至北京，禦奉天殿受朝賀。 甲午，論功行賞有差。 八月壬寅，進封柳升安遠侯。 乙卯，何福自殺。 庚申，河溢開封。 九月己巳，幸天壽山。
In the seventh month of autumn, on dingmao, the host encamped at Kaiping. On campaign the Emperor, mindful of the troops' hardship, ate plain fare; only at that day's feast of reward did he return to his usual table. Song Huo, Marquis of Xining, took command in Gansu. On xinsi famine relief was sent to Anqing, Huizhou, Fengyang, and Zhenjiang. On renwu the Emperor entered Beijing, ascended Fengtian Hall, and received the court's congratulations. On jiawu rewards were apportioned by merit. In the eighth month, on renyin, Liu Sheng was promoted to Marquis of Anyuan. On yimao He Fu took his own life. On gengshen the Yellow River burst its banks at Kaifeng. In the ninth month, on jisi, the Emperor went to Tianshou Mountain.
40
冬十月丁酉，發北京。 是月，倭寇福州。 十一月甲戌，至京師。 十二月癸巳，阿魯臺遣使貢馬。 戊午，陳季擴乞降，以為交阯右布政使，季擴不受命。
In the tenth month of winter, on dingyou, the Emperor left Beijing again. That same month wokou struck Fuzhou. In the eleventh month, on jiaxu, he returned to the capital. In the twelfth month, on guisi, Aruqtai sent envoys offering horses as tribute. On wuwu Chen Jikuo sued for peace and was named right administration commissioner of Jiaozhi, but he refused the post.
41
是年，失捏幹寇黃河東岸，寧夏都指揮王亻叔敗沒。 浡泥、呂宋、馮嘉施蘭、蘇門答剌、榜葛剌入貢。 占城貢象。 琉球山南、爪哇、暹羅貢馬。 琉球中山入貢者三。
That year the Shiningan harried the east bank of the Yellow River, and Wang Bi, Ningxia's regional commander, was defeated and lost his life. Tribute came from Brunei, Luzon, Pangasinan, Samudra, and Bengal. Champa sent elephants as tribute. Ryukyu Shannan, Java, and Siam each presented horses. Ryukyu Zhongshan sent tribute on three occasions.
42
九年春正月甲戌，大祀天地於南郊。 丙子，柳升鎮寧夏。 巳卯，張輔為征虜副將軍，會沐晟討交阯。 丙戌，豐城侯李彬、平江伯陳瑄率浙江、福建兵捕海寇。 二月辛亥，陳瑛有罪，下獄死。 丙辰，詔赦交阯。 丁巳，倭陷昌化千戶所。 己未，工部尚書宋禮開會通河。 三月甲子，賜蕭時中等進士及第、出身有差。 壬午，浚祥符縣黃河故道。 戊子，劉江鎮遼東。
In the ninth year, first month of spring, on jiaxu, the Emperor offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. On bingzi Liu Sheng took command at Ningxia. On jimao Zhang Fu was named deputy grand general for the punitive expedition and joined Mu Sheng against Jiaozhi. On bingxu Li Bin, Marquis of Fengcheng, and Chen Xuan, Earl of Pingjiang, led Zhejiang and Fujian forces against sea raiders. In the second month, on xinhai, Chen Ying was judged guilty, thrown into prison, and died there. On bingchen an edict granted amnesty throughout Jiaozhi. On dingsi Japanese pirates overran the Changhua garrison. On jiwei Minister of Works Song Li cut the Huitong Canal. In the third month, on jiazi, palace graduates led by Xiao Shi and those receiving lower degrees were rewarded by rank. On renwu the old Yellow River channel in Xiangfu was cleared. On wuzi Liu Jiang took command in Liaodong.
43
夏六月乙巳，鄭和還自西洋。 是月，下交阯右參議解縉於獄。
In the sixth month of summer, on yisi, Zheng He returned from the Western Ocean. That month Jie Jin, right participating secretary of Jiaozhi, was cast into prison.
44
秋七月丙子，張輔敗賊於月常江。 九月戊寅，諭法司，凡死罪必五覆奏。 壬午，命屯田軍以公事妨農務者，免徵子粒，著為令。
In the seventh month of autumn, on bingzi, Zhang Fu routed the rebels on the Yuechang River. In the ninth month, on wuyin, the judiciary was told that every capital case required five memorial reviews. On renwu troops on garrison farms whose public duties cut into the season were exempted from grain levies, and the rule was written into law.
45
冬十月乙未，寬北京謫徙軍民賦役。 癸卯，封哈密兔力帖木兒為忠義王。 乙巳，復修《太祖實錄》。 十一月戊午，蠲陜西逋賦。 癸亥，張輔敗賊於生厥江。 丁卯，立皇長孫瞻基為皇太孫。 壬申，韓觀為征夷副將軍，改鎮交阯，都指揮葛森鎮廣西。 丙子，敕法司決遣罪囚毋淹滯。 是月，遣使督瘞戰場暴骨。 十二月壬辰，敕宥福余、朵顏、泰寧三衛罪，令入貢。 閏月丁巳，命府部諸臣陳軍民利弊。
In the tenth month of winter, on yiwei, levies on exiled soldiers and civilians in Beijing were lightened. On guimao the Hami ruler Tieliemuer was created Prince of Loyal Righteousness. On yisi work resumed on the Veritable Records of Taizu. In the eleventh month, on wuwu, Shaanxi's arrears in tax were forgiven. On guihai Zhang Fu routed the enemy on the Shengque River. On dingmao the eldest imperial grandson, Zhanji, was named heir to the imperial grandson. On renshen Han Guan became deputy grand general for the punitive expedition against the Yi and was reassigned to Jiaozhi, while Ge Sen took command in Guangxi. On bingzi the judiciary was commanded to dispose of prisoners without lingering delay. That month commissioners were dispatched to gather and bury the unburied dead on the battlefields. In the twelfth month, on renchen, an edict pardoned the Fuyu, Tümed, and Teleng guards and summoned them back to tribute. In the intercalary month, on dingsi, ministers of the ministries were told to report what helped or hurt soldiers and the people.
46
是年，浙江、湖廣、湖南、順天、揚州水，河南、陜西疫，遣使振之。 滿剌加王來朝。 爪哇、榜葛剌、古裏、柯枝、蘇門答剌、阿魯、彭亨、急蘭丹、南巫裏、暹羅入貢。 阿魯臺來貢馬，別失八里獻文豹。 琉球中山入貢者三。
That year floods struck Zhejiang, Huguang, Hunan, Shuntian, and Yangzhou, while plague ravaged Henan and Shaanxi; relief envoys were sent out. The king of Malacca came in person to court. Tribute arrived from Java, Bengal, Calicut, Cochin, Samudra, Aru, Pahang, Kelantan, Lamuri, and Siam. Aruqtai sent horses in tribute, and Beshbalik offered a leopard. Ryukyu Zhongshan sent tribute on three occasions.
47
十年春正月己丑，命入覲官千五百余人各陳民瘼，不言者罪之，言有不當勿問。 丁酉，大祀天地於南郊。 癸丑，振平陽饑，逮治布政使及郡縣官不奏聞者。 二月辛酉，蠲山西、河南逋賦。 庚辰，遼王植有罪，削其護衛。 三月丁亥，豐城侯李彬討甘肅叛寇八耳思朵羅歹。 戊子，賜馬鐸等進士及第、出身有差。 甲辰，免北京水災租稅。
In the tenth year, first month of spring, on jichou, over fifteen hundred officials summoned to court were told to voice the people's ills on pain of punishment for silence, with no penalty for awkward speech. On dingyou the Emperor offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. On guichou famine relief went to Pingyang, and provincial and local officials who had failed to report were seized and punished. In the second month, on xinyou, tax arrears in Shanxi and Henan were forgiven. On gengchen the Prince of Liao, Zhu Zhi, was found guilty and his guard establishment was cut back. In the third month, on dinghai, Li Bin, Marquis of Fengcheng, marched against the Gansu rebel Ba'ersiduo Luodai. On wuzi, the throne conferred advanced and initial degrees on Ma Duo and the other graduates, with ranks apportioned by standing. On jiachen, flood-stricken Beijing was granted remission of land tax and levies.
48
夏六月甲戌，諭戶部，凡郡縣有司及朝使目擊民艱不言者，悉逮治。
In summer, on jiaxu of the sixth month, the throne ordered the Ministry of Revenue to arrest and try every local magistrate or imperial inspector who had witnessed popular distress and reported nothing.
49
秋七月癸卯，禁中官干預有司政事。 八月癸丑，張輔大破交阯賊於神投海。 己未，敕邊將自長安嶺迤西迄洗馬林築石垣，深濠塹。
In autumn, on guimao of the seventh month, the court barred palace eunuchs from meddling in the business of the civil administration. In the eighth month, on guichou, Zhang Fu routed the rebel forces of Jiaozhi at Shentou Sea. On jiwei, border generals were ordered to erect stone walls and dig deep trenches along the line from Chang'an Ridge west to Xima Lin.
50
冬十月戊辰，獵城南武岡。 十一月壬午，侍講楊榮經略甘肅。 丙申，鄭和復使西洋。
In winter, on wuchen of the tenth month, the emperor hunted at Wugang, south of the city. In the eleventh month, on renwu, Lecturer Yang Rong was sent to take charge of affairs in Gansu. On bingshen, Zheng He set sail again for the Western Seas.
51
是年，浡泥、占城、暹羅、滿剌加、榜葛剌、蘇門答剌、南浡利、球琉山南入貢。
During the year, envoys came with tribute from Poni, Champa, Siam, Malacca, Bengal, Samudera, South Poni, and Shan-nan in the Ryukyus.
52
十一年春正月辛己朔，日有食之，詔罷朝賀宴會。 壬午，諭通政使、禮科給事中，凡朝覲官境內災傷不能聞為他人所奏者，罪之。 辛卯，大祀天地於南郊。 辛丑，豐城侯李彬鎮甘肅，召宋琥還。 二月辛亥，始設貴州布政司。 癸亥，令北京民戶分養孳生馬，著為令。 甲子，幸北京，皇太孫從。 尚書蹇義、學士黃淮、諭德楊士奇、洗馬楊溥輔皇太子監國。 乙丑，發京師，命給事中、御史所過存間高年，賜酒肉及帛。 丙寅，葬仁孝皇后於長陵。 辛未，次鳳陽，謁皇陵。
In the eleventh year, at the new moon of the first month on xinsi, a solar eclipse occurred; the court called off the New Year audience and banquets. On renwu, the Commissioner of Transmission and the supervising secretary of the Bureau of Rites were told to punish any official at court audience who had left disaster in his jurisdiction unreported until someone else brought it up. On xinmao, the emperor offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth. On xinchou, Marquis Li Bin of Fengcheng was posted to command Gansu, and Song Hu was recalled to court. In the second month, on xinhai, the court created the Guizhou provincial administration. On guihai, Beijing households were required to share in breeding stud horses, and the rule was written into law. On jiazi, the emperor went to Beijing, with the imperial grandson in his train. Minister Jian Yi, Academician Huang Huai, Preceptor Yang Shiqi, and Study Aide Yang Pu remained to assist the Crown Prince in governing during the emperor's absence. On yichou, he left the capital and charged the supervising secretaries and touring censors to call on the elderly along the way and give them wine, meat, and cloth. On bingyin, the Renxiao Empress was interred at Changling. On xinwei, he paused at Fengyang to worship at the dynastic tombs.
53
夏四月己酉，至北京。 五月丁未，曹縣獻騶虞，禮官請賀，不許。
In summer, on jiyou of the fourth month, he reached Beijing. In the fifth month, on dingwei, Caoxian sent up a zouyu; the Board of Rites asked to celebrate the omen, but the emperor refused.
54
秋七月戊寅，封阿魯臺為和寧王。 八月甲子，北京地震。 乙丑，鎮遠侯顧成討思州、靖州叛苗。 九月壬午，詔自今郡縣官每歲春行視境內，蝗蝻害稼即捕絕之，不如詔者二司並罪。
In autumn, on wuyin of the seventh month, Aruqtai was made Prince of Hening. In the eighth month, on jiazi, Beijing was shaken by an earthquake. On yichou, Marquis Gu Cheng of Zhenyuan was sent to suppress the rebellious Miao of Sizhou and Jingzhou. In the ninth month, on renwu, an edict required magistrates to make a spring tour of their districts hereafter and exterminate locust broods wherever they threatened the crop; provincial and regional commissioners who failed to enforce the order would share the punishment.
55
冬十月丙寅，以璽書命皇太子錄囚。 十一月戊寅，以野蠶繭為衾，命皇太子薦太廟。 壬午，瓦剌馬哈木兵渡飲馬河，阿魯臺告警，命邊將嚴守備。 甲申，寧陽侯陳懋，都督譚青、馬聚、硃崇巡寧夏、大同、山西邊，簡練士馬。 尋命陜西、山西及潼關等五衛兵駐宣府，中都、遼東、河南三都指揮使司及武平等四衛兵會北京。 乙巳，應城伯孫巖備開平。 十二月壬子，張輔、沐晟大敗交阯賊於愛子江。
In winter, on bingyin of the tenth month, the Crown Prince was charged by sealed edict to review capital cases. In the eleventh month, on wuyin, bedding was prepared from wild-silkworm cocoons and the Crown Prince was told to present the offering at the Grand Temple. On renwu, Mahama's Oirat horsemen crossed the Yinma River; Aruqtai sent word of danger, and border commanders were ordered to stand on full alert. On jiashen, Marquis Chen Mao of Ningyang and the regional commanders Tan Qing, Ma Ju, and Zhu Chong inspected the Ningxia, Datong, and Shanxi frontiers and put the men and mounts through drill. Soon after, garrisons from Shaanxi, Shanxi, and the five guards at Tongguan and elsewhere were posted to Xuanfu, while the three regional commands of Zhongdu, Liaodong, and Henan and the four guards of Wuping and the like were summoned to assemble at Beijing. On yisi, Earl Sun Yan of Yingcheng was stationed to guard Kaiping. In the twelfth month, on renzi, Zhang Fu and Mu Sheng crushed the rebel forces of Jiaozhi on the Aizi River.
56
是年，馬哈木弒其主本雅失裏，立答裏巴為可汗。 別失八里、滿剌加、占城、爪哇西王入貢。 琉球中山入貢者四。 琉球山南入貢者再。
During the year, Mahama killed his sovereign Benyashiri and set up Daliba as khan. Envoys came with tribute from Bie-shi-ba-li, Malacca, Champa, and the western king of Java. Ryukyu's Zhongshan domain sent tribute four times. Shan-nan in the Ryukyus sent tribute twice.