1
志第三十八樂二
Treatise 38: Music, Part Two
2
○樂章一
Music Section One
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洪武元年圜丘樂章。
Hymns for the Circular Mound Altar, Hongwu reign year 1.
4
迎神，《中和之曲》：昊天蒼兮穹窿，廣覆燾兮龐洪。 建圜丘兮國之陽，合衆神兮來臨之同。 念螻蟻兮微衷，莫自期兮感通。 思神來兮金玉其容，馭龍鸞兮乘雲駕風。 顧南郊兮昭格，望至尊兮崇崇。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Moderation and Harmony": Heaven stands azure and vaulted, spreading its nurture in boundless might. On the bright southern flank of the realm we raise the Circular Mound; every spirit gathers and draws near as one. We who are no more than ants in devotion dare not presume that communion will come of its own. We picture the spirit arriving in splendor like jade and gold, guiding dragon and phoenix, borne on cloud and wind. We turn to the southern suburb for a clear descent; we behold the supreme sovereign in towering glory.
5
奠玉帛，《肅和之曲》：聖靈皇皇，敬瞻威光。 玉帛以登，承筐是將。 穆穆崇嚴，神妙難量。 謹茲禮祭，功徵是皇。
Offering jade and silk — "Reverent Harmony": the holy spirit reigns in splendor; in awe we behold its radiant power. Jade and silk are raised on high; in baskets we bear them forward. Solemn and sublime beyond measure, the spirit's mystery defies reckoning. With care we perform this rite of sacrifice; may merit and blessing be made manifest.
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進俎，《凝和之曲》：祀儀祗陳，物不於大。 敢用純犢，告於覆載。 惟茲菲薦，恐未周完。 神其容之，以享以觀。
Presenting the sacrifice tray — "Concentrated Harmony": the rite is laid out in reverence; nothing is offered beyond what is fitting. We dare offer a pure calf and proclaim it to Heaven above and Earth below. This humble offering alone — we fear it may not yet be wholly sufficient. May the spirit deign to accept it, to enjoy and to behold.
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初獻，《壽和之曲》：眇眇微躬，何敢請於九重，以煩帝聰。 帝心矜兮，有感而通。 既俯臨於几筵，神繽紛而景從。 臣雖愚蒙，鼓舞歡容，乃子孫之親祖宗。 酌清酒兮在鍾，仰至德兮玄功。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": how slight is this humble frame — who dares petition the Ninefold Heights and trouble the Emperor's ear? The Emperor's heart is merciful; feeling stirs and communion is won. Having bowed before the spirit table, the spirits gather in throngs and follow like shining shadows. Though we ministers are dull and unlearned, we drum and dance with joy — for such is how descendants draw near to their forebears. We pour clear wine into the bell-goblet; we look up to supreme virtue and its hidden power.
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亞獻，《豫和之曲》：荷天之寵，眷駐紫壇。 中情彌喜，臣庶均懽。 趨蹌奉承，我心則寬。 再獻御前，式燕且安。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": we bear Heaven's grace, dwelling at the purple altar in favor. Joy wells ever deeper within; ministers and people rejoice as one. We hurry forward in measured steps to serve and receive, and our hearts are eased. We offer again before the throne; the feast proceeds and all is at peace.
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終獻，《熙和之曲》：小子於茲，惟父天之思，惟恃天之慈，內外殷勤。 何以將之？ 奠有芳齊，設有明粢。 喜極而抃，奉神燕娭。 禮雖止於三獻，情悠長兮遠而。
Final offering — "Radiant Harmony": here stands the young son, mindful only of Father Heaven, trusting only in Heaven's mercy, earnest within and without. With what shall we make our offering? We set forth fragrant seasoned dishes and arrange bright grain offerings. Joy overflows and we clap our hands; we offer the spirit a feast of delight. Though the rite ends with the third offering, devotion lingers long and reaches far.
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徹饌，《雍和之曲》：烹飪既陳，薦獻斯就。 神之在位，既歆既右。 羣臣駿奔，徹茲俎豆。 物倘未充，尚幸神宥。
Removing the feast — "Harmonious Peace": the cooked offerings stand ready; presentation and sacrifice are complete. The spirit holds its place; it has accepted the offering and granted its blessing. The ministers hurry forward and withdraw the trays and vessels. If our offerings are not yet fully adequate, we still trust the spirit will forgive.
11
送神，《安和之曲》：神之去兮難延，想遐袂兮翩翩。 萬靈從兮後先，衛神駕兮迴旋。 稽首兮瞻天，雲之衢兮眇然。
Sending off the Spirit — "Secure Harmony": the spirit departs and cannot be held; we picture distant sleeves fluttering on the wind. Myriad spirits follow before and behind, guarding the spirit's carriage as it wheels about. We bow our heads and look toward Heaven; the cloud-road fades into the distance.
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望燎，《時和之曲》：焚燎於壇，燦爛晶熒。 幣帛牲黍，冀徹帝京。 奉神於陽，昭祀有成。 肅然望之，玉宇光明。
Gazing at the burning — "Timely Harmony": offerings blaze upon the altar, brilliant and gleaming. Silks, victims, and grain — we hope they ascend to the celestial court. We welcome the spirit in the realm of light; the bright rite is fulfilled. In solemn awe we behold it; the jade heavens shine with light.
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洪武八年御製圜丘樂章。
Hymns for the Circular Mound Altar, composed by the emperor, Hongwu reign year 8.
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迎神：仰惟兮昊穹，臣率百職兮迓迎。 幸來臨兮壇中，上下護衛兮景從。 旌幢繚繞兮四維，重悅聖心兮民獲年豐。
Welcoming the Spirit: gazing up at the vast heavens, the minister leads every office to greet the descent. Blessed is Your arrival at the altar's heart; guardians above and below follow like shining shadows. Banners and pennants wind through the four quarters; the sage heart is doubly pleased, and the people reap abundant harvests.
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奠玉帛：民依時兮用工，感帝德兮大化成功。 臣將兮以奠，望納兮微衷。
Offering jade and silk: the people labor in season; moved by the Emperor's virtue, the great transformation is achieved. The minister prepares to present the offering, hoping it will be received — our humble sincerity.
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進俎：庖人兮列鼎，餚羞兮以成。 方俎兮再獻，願享兮以歆。
Presenting the sacrifice tray: the cooks set out the tripods; delicacies and viands are made ready. The square tray is offered once more; we pray You will partake and accept.
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初獻：靈兮皇皇，穆嚴兮金牀。 臣令樂舞兮景張，酒行初獻兮捧觴。
First offering: the spirit reigns in splendor, solemn and dignified upon the golden couch. The minister orders music and dance to unfold; wine is poured for the first offering as we raise the goblet.
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亞獻：載斟兮再將，百辟陪祀兮具張。 感聖情兮無已，拜手稽首兮願享。
Second offering: we pour again and present once more; the hundred lords attend the sacrifice, all in place. Moved by the sage heart without end, we bow with joined hands and bowed heads, praying You will accept.
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終獻：三獻兮樂舞揚，餚羞具納兮氣藹而芳。 光朗朗兮上方，況日吉兮時良。
Final offering: with the third presentation music and dance ascend; every delicacy is offered, and fragrance fills the air. Light shines clear on high; moreover the day is auspicious and the hour is propitious.
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徹饌：粗陳菲薦兮神喜將，感聖心兮何以忘。 民福留兮佳氣昂，臣拜手兮謝恩光。
Removing the feast: though our offerings are humble, the spirit is pleased to accept; touched by the sage heart — how could we ever forget? The people's blessing endures and auspicious vapor rises high; the minister bows with joined hands and gives thanks for the radiant grace.
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送神：旌幢燁燁兮雲衢長，龍車鳳輦兮駕飛揚。 遙瞻冉冉兮去上方，可見烝民兮永康。
Sending off the Spirit: banners blaze along the long cloud-road; dragon carriage and phoenix palanquin soar on high. We watch from afar as You slowly ascend on high, and see the people dwelling in lasting peace.
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望燎：進羅列兮詣燎方，炬焰發兮煌煌。 神變化兮物全於上，感至恩兮無量。
Gazing at the burning: we advance in ordered ranks to the burning place; torch-flames leap forth, blazing bright. The spirit transforms and offerings are made whole on high; we feel supreme grace beyond measure.
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洪武二年方丘樂章。
Hymns for the Square Mound Altar, Hongwu reign year 2.
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迎神，《中和之曲》：坤德博厚，物資以生。 承天時行，光大且寧。 穆穆皇祇，功化順成。 來御方丘，嚴恭奉迎。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Moderation and Harmony": Earth's virtue is vast and deep; all things draw life from it. It moves in accord with Heaven's seasons, shining great and serene. Solemn is the august Earth Spirit; its transforming work proceeds in perfect order. Come to preside at the Square Mound; with solemn reverence we welcome You.
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奠玉帛，《肅和之曲》：地有四維，大琮以方； 土有正色，制幣以黃。 敬存於中，是薦是將。 奠之几筵，臨鑑洋洋。
Offering jade and silk — "Reverent Harmony": Earth has its four bounds; the great jade cube is square; earth has its proper hue, and ritual silks are fashioned in yellow. Reverence is held within; thus we offer and present. We set them on the spirit table; You look down in boundless grace.
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進俎，《凝和之曲》：奉將純牡，其牡童犢。 烹飪既嚴，登俎惟肅。 升壇昭薦，神光下燭。 眷佑邦家，報效惟篤。
Presenting the sacrifice tray — "Concentrated Harmony": we offer a pure bull, a bull still young. Cooking is performed with utmost care; what ascends the tray is offered in solemn reverence. We ascend the altar in bright offering; divine light shines down upon it. You favor and protect the realm; our repayment is offered in deepest earnest.
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初獻，《壽和之曲》：午爲盛陽，陰德初萌。 天地相遇，品物光榮。 吉日令辰，明祀攸行。 進以醇醴，展其潔清。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": noon is the height of yang; yin virtue first stirs. Heaven and Earth meet; every kind of thing shines with glory. On an auspicious day, at a propitious hour, the bright sacrifice proceeds. We offer rich wine and display its purity and clarity.
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亞獻，《豫和之曲》：至廣無邊，道全持載。 山嶽所憑，海瀆鹹賴。 民次水土，既安且泰。 酌酒揭虔，功德惟大。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": boundless in breadth, the Way wholly sustains and bears all. Mountains and peaks rest upon it; seas and streams all depend upon it. The people settle upon water and soil, secure and at peace. We pour wine and show our reverence; merit and virtue are surpassingly great.
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終獻，《熙和之曲》：庸眇之資，有此疆宇。 匪臣攸能，仰承佑助。 恩崇父母，臣歡鼓舞。 八音宣揚，疊侑明醑。
Final offering — "Radiant Harmony": humble and slight as we are, we yet hold this realm and territory. This is no achievement of ministers alone; we look up and receive Your sustaining aid. Grace honors our forebears; the ministers rejoice in drum and dance. The eight tones resound; bright wine is offered again and again.
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徹饌，《雍和之曲》：牲牷在俎，籩豆有實。 臨之蕣蠁，匪惟飲食。 登歌乃徹，薦獻爰畢。 執事奉承，一其嚴粟。
Removing the feast — "Harmonious Peace": sacrificial beasts rest on the tray; baskets and vessels are full. You preside over them as over fleeting blooms — this is not food and drink alone. The ascending song is withdrawn; presentation and offering are complete. The attendants receive and serve, united in solemn reverence.
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送神，《安和之曲》：神化無方，妙用難量。 其功顯融，其禮攸長。 飈輪雲旋，龍探鸞翔。 拜送稽首，瞻禮餘光。
Sending off the Spirit — "Secure Harmony": the spirit's transformation knows no bounds; its subtle power defies measure. Its merit shines forth in harmony; its rite endures through the ages. Whirlwind wheels and clouds revolve; dragon and phoenix soar on high. We bow our heads in farewell and gaze upon the lingering radiance.
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望瘞，《時和之曲》：牲醴制幣，餕饌惟馨。 瘞之於坎，以達坤靈。 奉神於陰，典禮是程。 企而望之，厚壤寬平。
Gazing at the burial — "Timely Harmony": victims, rich wine, and fashioned silks — the spirit-food is fragrant alone. We bury them in the pit to reach the spirit of Earth. We welcome the spirit in the realm of shade; the canonical rite is fulfilled. We stand and gaze upon it; the deep earth lies broad and level.
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洪武八年御製方丘樂章。
Hymns for the Square Mound Altar, composed by the emperor, Hongwu reign year 8.
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迎神：仰皇祇兮駕來，川嶽從迎兮威靈備開，香菸繚繞兮神臨御街。 漸升壇兮穆穆，靄瑞氣兮應結樓臺。 以微衷兮率職，幸望聖悅兮心諧。 但允臣兮固請，願嘉烝民兮永懷。
Welcoming the Spirit: we look up as the august Earth Spirit draws near; rivers and peaks follow to welcome, its awesome presence fully revealed; incense smoke curls as the spirit arrives along the imperial way. Step by step we ascend the altar in solemn stillness; auspicious vapor gathers as if towers and terraces were taking form. With humble sincerity we perform our duties, hoping the sage heart is pleased and our hearts are at one. Grant your minister leave to plead earnestly; may the people be blessed and ever held in favor.
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奠玉帛：臣奉兮以筐，玉帛是進兮歲奠以常。 百辟陪祀兮珮聲琅琅。 惟南薰兮解慍，映燎炎兮煌煌。
Offering jade and silk: the minister bears them in baskets; jade and silk are presented as the yearly offering, ever as custom requires. The hundred lords attend the sacrifice, their pendants chiming clear. The southern breeze alone dispels all vexation; against the blazing fire all shines resplendent.
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進俎：庖人兮淨湯，大烹牲兮氣靄而芳。 以微衷兮獻上，曰享兮曰康。
Presenting the sacrifice tray: the cooks prepare pure broth; the great victims are cooked, and fragrance fills the air. With humble sincerity we offer them up, praying enjoyment and peace.
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初獻：初獻行兮捧觴，聖靈穆穆兮洋洋。 爲烝民兮永康，鑑豐年兮耿光。
First offering: the first offering proceeds as we raise the goblet; the holy spirit reigns solemn and vast. For the people in lasting peace; discerning abundant harvests in shining light.
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亞獻：雜餚羞兮已張，法前王兮典章。 臣固展兮情悃，用斟醴兮載觴。
Second offering: assorted delicacies are already set out, following the canonical regulations of former kings. The minister earnestly shows his sincere heart, pouring rich wine and bearing the goblet.
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終獻：爵三獻兮禮將終，臣心眷戀兮無窮。 恐餚羞兮未具，將何報兮神功。
Final offering: with the third cup the rite draws near its end; the minister's heart clings in devotion without end. We fear the delicacies are not yet complete — how shall we repay divine merit?
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徹饌：俎豆徹兮神熙，鸞輿駕兮旋歸。 百神翼翼兮雲衣。 敬奉行兮弗敢違。
Removing the feast: trays and vessels are withdrawn, the spirit pleased; the phoenix carriage is harnessed and turns homeward. The hundred spirits hover close in garments of cloud. We perform and follow in reverence, daring not to disobey.
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送神：祥風興兮悠悠，雲衢開兮民福留。 歲樂烝民兮大有，想洋洋兮舉觴載酒。
Sending off the Spirit: auspicious wind rises, long and lingering; the cloud-road opens and the people's blessing endures. Year by year the people rejoice in great abundance; we picture vast joy — raising goblets and bearing wine.
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望瘞：餚羞玉帛兮瘞坎中，遙瞻隱隱兮龍旗從。 祀事成兮盡微衷，感厚德兮民福雍雍。
Gazing at the burial: delicacies, jade, and silk are buried in the pit; gazing from afar we see the dragon banners following, dimly visible. The sacrifice is complete and our humble sincerity is spent; moved by deep virtue, the people's blessing flows in harmony.
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洪武十二年合祀天地樂章。
Hymns for the joint sacrifice to Heaven and Earth, Hongwu reign year 12.
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迎神，《中和之曲》：荷蒙天地兮君主華夷，欽承踊躍兮備筵而祭，誠惶無已兮寸衷微，仰瞻俯首兮惟願來期。 想龍翔鳳舞兮慶雲飛，必昭昭穆穆兮降壇壝。
Welcoming the Spirit — 《Moderation and Harmony》: graced by Heaven and Earth, sovereign over all within the realm, we reverently leap to prepare the feast and sacrifice; in endless awe our humble hearts are slight; looking up and bowing low, we pray only for the appointed arrival. We picture dragon and phoenix soaring, auspicious clouds flying; surely in bright splendor and solemn grace You will descend to the altar mound.
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奠玉帛，《肅和之曲》：天垂風露兮雨澤沾，黃壤氤氳兮氣化全。 民勤畝兮束帛鮮，臣當設宴兮奉來前。
Offering jade and silk — 《Reverent Harmony》: Heaven sends down wind and dew, rain soaking the land; yellow earth is rich with vapor, transformation complete. The people labor in the fields; bundled silks are fresh; the minister sets the feast and presents them before You.
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進俎以後，鹹同八年圜丘詞。
From presenting the sacrifice tray onward, the lyrics are the same as those for the Circular Mound in year 8.
47
嘉靖九年復定分祀圜丘樂章。
Hymns for the Circular Mound Altar, re-established for separate sacrifice, Jiajing reign year 9.
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迎神，《中和之曲》：仰惟玄造兮於皇昊穹，時當肇陽兮大禮欽崇。 臣惟蒲柳兮螻蟻之衷，伏承春命兮職統羣工。 深懷愚昧兮恐負洪德，爰遵彝典兮勉竭微衷。 遙瞻天闕兮寶輦臨壇，臣當稽首兮祗迓恩隆。 百辟陪列兮舞拜於前，萬神翊衛兮以西以東。 臣俯伏迎兮敬瞻帝御，願垂歆鑑兮拜德曷窮。
Welcoming the Spirit — 《Moderation and Harmony》: we look up to the mysterious creation, august the vast heavens; at the season when yang first rises, the great rite is reverently honored. We ministers are frail as willow, slight as ants in heart; bowing low we receive the spring command and oversee every office. Deeply aware of our ignorance, we fear failing vast virtue; following the ancient canon, we strive to offer our humble utmost. We gaze from afar at the celestial gate as the precious carriage reaches the altar; we bow our heads to the ground and reverently welcome sublime grace. The hundred lords stand in ranks, dancing and bowing before You; myriad spirits guard on every side, west and east. We prostrate ourselves in welcome and gaze upon the imperial presence; we pray You will look down in acceptance — our thanks for grace knows no end.
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奠玉帛，《肅和之曲》龍輿既降兮奉禮先，爰有束帛兮暨瑤瑄。 臣謹上獻兮進帝前，仰祈聽納兮荷蒼乾。
Offering jade and silk — 《Reverent Harmony》: the dragon carriage has descended and we perform the rite first; bundled silks are here, with jade bi and square jade. The minister reverently presents them before the Emperor; we pray they will be heard and accepted, bearing Heaven's grace.
50
進俎，《凝和之曲》：餚羞珍饌兮薦上玄，庖人列鼎兮致精虔。 臣盍祗獻兮馨醴牷，願垂歆享兮民福淵。
Presenting the sacrifice tray — 《Concentrated Harmony》: delicacies and precious viands are offered to the Supreme Mystery; cooks set out the tripods in utmost reverence. How should the minister not reverently offer fragrant wine and victims? We pray You will partake — the people's blessing runs deep.
51
初獻，《壽和之曲》：禮嚴初獻兮奉觴，臣將上進兮聖皇。 聖皇垂享兮穆穆，臣拜手兮何以忘。
First offering — 《Longevity and Harmony》: the rite is solemn as we bear the first goblet; the minister advances it to the sage sovereign. The sage sovereign partakes in solemn grace; the minister bows with joined hands — how could we ever forget?
52
亞獻，《豫和之曲》：禮觴再舉兮薦玉漿，帝顏歆悅兮民福昂。 民生有賴兮感上蒼，臣惟鞠拜兮荷恩長。
Second offering — 《Ease and Harmony》: the goblet is raised again, presenting jade nectar; the Emperor is pleased in enjoyment and the people's blessing rises high. The people's lives depend upon Heaven; the minister bows deeply, bearing grace without end.
53
終獻，《熙和之曲》：三獻兮禮告成，一念微衷兮露悃情。 景張樂舞兮響鍠鋐，仰瞻聖容兮俯錫恩泓。
Final offering — 《Radiant Harmony》: with three offerings the rite announces its completion; one humble thought reveals our sincere hearts. Music and dance unfold, bells and drums resounding; we gaze up at the sage countenance as grace pours down from on high.
54
徹饌，《雍和之曲》：祀禮竣兮精意禋，三獻備兮誠已申。 敬徹弗遲兮肅恭寅，恐多弗備兮惟賴洪仁。
Removing the feast — 《Harmonious Peace》: the sacrificial rite is complete, refined intent fulfilled; three offerings made, sincerity fully expressed. We withdraw reverently without delay, solemn and respectful; fearing our offerings are not enough, we rely only on vast benevolence.
55
送神，《清和之曲》：禋事訖終兮百辟維張，帝垂歆鑑兮沐澤汪洋。 龍車冉冉兮寶駕旋雲，靈風鼓舞兮瑞露清瀼。 洪恩浩蕩兮無以爲酬，粗陳菲薦兮已感歆嘗。 香氣騰芳兮上徹帝座，仰瞻聖造兮賜福羣方。 臣同率土兮載歡載感，祗回寶輦兮鳳嘯龍翔。 誠惶誠恐兮仰戀彌切，願福生民兮永錫亨昌。
Sending off the Spirit — 《Clear Harmony》: the sacrifice ends and the hundred lords stand arrayed; the Emperor looks down in acceptance and we are bathed in grace vast as the sea. The dragon carriage moves slowly, the precious ride wheeling back through clouds; spirit wind stirs and auspicious dew runs clear. Vast grace is boundless and beyond repayment; though our offerings are humble, we have already felt acceptance. Fragrant vapor rises to the imperial seat; we look up at the sage creation bestowing blessing on every quarter. The minister with all within the realm rejoices and gives thanks; reverently the precious carriage returns, phoenix crying and dragon soaring. In sincere awe and fear we look up with ever keener longing; we pray blessing for the people, prosperity bestowed forever.
56
望燎，《時和之曲》：龍駕寶輦兮升帝鄉，御羞菲帛兮奉燎方。 環珮鏗鏘兮羅壇壝，炬焰特舉兮氣輝煌。 生民蒙福兮聖澤沾，臣荷眷佑兮拜謝恩光。
Gazing at the burning — 《Timely Harmony》: dragon carriage and precious ride ascend to the celestial realm; imperial delicacies and silks are offered at the burning place. Pendants ring clear around the altar mound; torches are raised high and flame blazes bright. The people receive blessing, soaked in sage grace; the minister bears favoring protection and bows in thanks for radiant grace.
57
嘉靖九年復定方丘樂章。
Hymns for the Square Mound Altar, re-established, Jiajing reign year 9.
58
迎神，《中和之曲》：俯瞻兮鳳輦來，靈風兮拂九垓。 川嶽從兮後先，百辟列兮襄陪。 臣拜首兮迓迎，願臨享兮幸哉。
Welcoming the Spirit — 《Moderation and Harmony》: we look down as the phoenix carriage draws near; spirit wind brushes the nine realms. Rivers and peaks follow before and behind; the hundred lords stand in ranks to attend. The minister bows his head to the ground in welcome; we pray You will come to partake — how blessed!
59
奠玉帛，《廣和之曲》：祀禮有嚴兮奉虔，玉帛在笥兮來前。 皇靈垂享兮以納，烝民率土兮樂豐年。
Offering jade and silk — 《Broad Harmony》: the sacrificial rite is solemn and we present in reverence; jade and silk in their cases are brought forward. The august spirit deigns to accept; the people throughout the realm rejoice in abundant harvests.
60
進俎，《咸和之曲》：餚羞馨兮氣芳，庖人奉役兮和湯。 奉進兮皇祗歆慰，臣稽首兮敬將。
Presenting the sacrifice tray — 《All Harmony》: delicacies are fragrant, the air aromatic; cooks perform their service and prepare the broth. We present them forward — the august Earth Spirit is pleased; the minister bows his head and reverently offers them.
61
初獻，《壽和之曲》：酒行初獻兮樂舞張，齊醴明潔兮氙香。 願垂享兮以歆，生民安兮永康。
First offering — 《Longevity and Harmony》: wine is poured for the first offering, music and dance unfold; pure wine is bright and clean, fragrant vapor rising. We pray You will deign to partake; the people are secure in lasting peace.
62
亞獻，《安和之曲》：載獻兮奉觴，神顏和懿兮以嘗。 功隆厚載兮配天，民感德兮無量。
Second offering — 《Secure Harmony》: we bear the offering and present the goblet; the spirit's countenance is gentle and kindly as it tastes. Merit is lofty — Earth's sustaining power pairs with Heaven; the people feel virtue beyond measure.
63
終獻，《時和之曲》：三進兮玉露清，百職奔繞兮佩環鳴。 鳧鍾鷺鼓兮韻錚鍧，願留福兮羣生。
Final offering — 《Timely Harmony》: three presentations — jade dew is clear; the hundred offices hurry about, pendants ringing. Wild-goose bells and egret drums resound; we pray blessing may remain for all living beings.
64
徹饌，《貞和之曲》：禮告終兮徹敢違，深惟一念兮誠意微。 神垂博容兮聽納，恐未備兮惟慈依。
Removing the feast — 《Upright Harmony》: the rite announces its end — who would dare delay withdrawal? Deep in one thought we know our sincerity is slight. The spirit in broad acceptance listens and receives; fearing our offerings are incomplete, we rely only on compassion.
65
送神，《寧和之曲》：禮成兮誠已伸，駕還兮法從陳。 靈祇列兮以隨，百辟拜兮恭寅。 望坤宮兮奉辭，願普福兮烝民。
Sending off the Spirit — 《Tranquil Harmony》: the rite is complete and sincerity expressed; the carriage returns, the ritual escort arrayed. Spirit lords rank themselves to follow; the hundred lords bow in respectful reverence. We gaze toward the Earth Palace and take our leave; we pray universal blessing for all the people.
66
望燎，曲同《寧和》。
Gazing at the burning — the tune is the same as 《Tranquil Harmony》.
67
洪武三年朝日樂章。 二十一年罷。
Hymns for the Morning Sun sacrifice, Hongwu reign year 3. Abolished in year 21.
68
迎神，《熙和之曲》：吉日良辰，祀典式陳。 純陽之精，惟是大明。 濯濯厥靈，昭鑑我心。 以候以迎，來格來歆。
Welcoming the Spirit — 《Radiant Harmony》: on an auspicious day, at a propitious hour, the sacrificial canon is formally set forth. The essence of pure yang — this alone is great brilliance. Bright and clear is its spirit; it brightly mirrors our hearts. We wait and we welcome; come near, come and accept our offering.
69
奠幣，《保和之曲》：靈旗蒞止，有赫其威。 一念潛通，幽明弗違。 有幣在篚，物薄而微。 神兮安留，尚其享之。
Offering silks — 《Preserving Harmony》: the spirit banner arrives and halts; its power is blazing bright. One thought secretly connects; the hidden and the manifest are not divided. Silks rest in the basket, humble and slight. Spirit, abide in peace; deign still to accept them.
70
初獻，《安和之曲》：神兮我留，有薦必受。 享祀之初，奠茲醴酒。 晨光初升，祥徵應候。 何以侑觴，樂陳雅奏。
First offering — 《Secure Harmony》: Spirit, I remain; whenever offering is made, You surely receive. At the beginning of the sacrificial feast, we set forth this rich wine. Morning light first rises; auspicious signs answer to the season. With what shall we accompany the goblet? Music is performed in elegant style.
71
亞獻，《中和之曲》：我祀維何？ 奉茲犧牲，爰酌醴齊，貳觴載升。 洋洋如在，式燕以寧。 庶表微衷，交於神明。
Second offering — 《Moderation and Harmony》: what is our sacrifice? We present these sacrificial victims, pour rich wine, and raise the second goblet. Present in vast abundance; a feast is held and all is at peace. We hope to show our humble hearts, communing with the spirits bright.
72
終獻，《肅和之曲》：執事有嚴，品物斯祭，稷非馨，式將其意。 薦茲酒醴，成我常祀。 神其顧歆，永言樂只。
Final offering — 《Reverent Harmony》: the attendants are strict; every item is offered in sacrifice; though millet lacks fragrance, we convey our intent. We present this wine and rich brew, completing our regular sacrifice. May the spirit look down and accept; may joy endure forever.
73
徹饌，《凝和之曲》：春祈秋報，率爲我民。 我民之生，賴於爾神。 維神佑之，康寧是臻。 祭祀雲畢，神其樂忻。
Removing the feast — 《Concentrated Harmony》: spring prayer and autumn thanksgiving — all for our people. Our people's lives depend upon you, spirit. Only the spirit protects them; peace and security are thereby attained. The sacrifice is now complete; may the spirit rejoice in delight.
74
送神，《壽和之曲》：三獻禮終，九成樂作。 神人以和，既燕且樂。 雲車風馭，靈光昭灼。 瞻望以思，邈彼寥廓。
Sending off the Spirit — "Longevity and Harmony": the three offerings are complete and the Nine Accomplishments music is performed. Spirit and human are in harmony; the feast proceeds and all rejoice. Cloud carriage and wind harness; spirit light blazes forth. We gaze and ponder; far away lies the vast expanse.
75
望燎，《豫和之曲》：俎豆既徹，禮樂已終。 神之雲旋，倏將焉從。 以望以燎，庶幾感通。 時和歲豐，維神之功。
Gazing at the burning — "Ease and Harmony": trays and vessels are withdrawn; ritual and music have ended. The spirit wheels like clouds; suddenly — whither does it go? By gazing and burning we hope for sympathetic communion. Seasons in harmony, years abundant — this is the spirit's work alone.
76
嘉靖九年復定朝日樂章。
Hymns for the Morning Sun sacrifice, re-established, Jiajing reign year 9.
77
迎神，《熙和之曲》：仰瞻兮大明，位奠兮王宮。 時當仲春兮氣融，爰遵祀禮兮報功。 微誠兮祈神昭鑑，願來享兮迓神聰。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Radiant Harmony": we look up at great brilliance, the rite set at the royal palace. Mid-spring has come and the air is mild; we follow the sacrificial rite to repay merit. With humble sincerity we pray the spirit will look down; we wish You would come and accept our welcome.
78
奠玉帛，《凝和之曲》：神靈壇兮肅其恭，有帛在篚兮赤琮。 奉神兮祈享以納，予躬奠兮忻以顒。
Offering jade and silk — "Concentrated Harmony": at the spirit altar all is solemn; silk rests in the basket with a red jade cube. We present to the spirit and pray acceptance; I myself set forth the offering, joyful and uplifted.
79
初獻，《壽和之曲》：玉帛方奠兮神歆，酒行初獻兮舞呈。 齊芳馨兮犧色騂，神容悅兮鑑予情。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": jade and silk are set forth and the spirit accepts; wine is poured for the first offering and dance is presented. Fragrant offerings together, victims chestnut-red; the spirit is pleased and regards our hearts.
80
亞獻，《時和之曲》：二齊升兮氣芬芳，神顏怡和兮喜將。 予令樂舞兮具張，願垂普照兮民康。
Second offering — "Timely Harmony": two offerings rise, fragrance in the air; the spirit's face is gentle and joy draws near. I order music and dance to unfold; we pray Your light will shine on all and the people be secure.
81
終獻，《保和之曲》：殷勤三獻兮告成，羣職在列兮周盈。 神錫休兮福民生，萬世永賴兮神功明。
Final offering — "Preserving Harmony": with earnest third offering we announce completion; every office stands in ranks, the circle full. The spirit bestows blessing on the people's lives; for ten thousand ages we rely on bright divine merit.
82
徹饌，《安和之曲》：一誠盡兮予心懌，五福降兮民獲禧。 仰九光兮誠已申，終三獻兮徹敢遲。
Removing the feast — "Secure Harmony": our single sincerity is spent and my heart is pleased; five blessings descend and the people receive joy. We look up to the nine lights, sincerity expressed; the three offerings ended — who would dare delay withdrawal?
83
送神，《昭和之曲》：祀禮既周兮樂舞揚，神享以納兮還青鄉。 予當拜首兮奉送，願恩光兮普萬方。 永耀熹明兮攸賴，烝民鹹仰兮恩光。
Sending off the Spirit — "Bright Harmony": the sacrifice is complete, music and dance ascend; the spirit accepts and returns to the azure realm. I bow my head in farewell; we pray grace-light may reach every quarter. Forever shining bright we rely upon You; all the people look up to Your radiant grace.
84
望燎之曲：睹六龍兮御駕，神變化兮鳳翥鸞翔。 束帛餚羞兮詣燎方，佑我皇明兮基緒隆長。
Tune for gazing at the burning: we behold six dragons guiding the carriage; the spirit transforms as phoenix and luan soar on high. Bundled silks and delicacies proceed to the burning place; protect our bright dynasty, its foundation lofty and long.
85
洪武三年夕月樂章。 周天星辰附。 二十一年罷。
Hymns for the Evening Moon sacrifice, Hongwu reign year 3. The stars of the circuit of Heaven are included. Abolished in year 21.
86
迎神，《凝和之曲》：吉日良辰，祀典式陳。 太陰夜明，以及星辰。 濯濯厥靈，昭鑑我心以候以迎，來格來歆。 四年，星辰別祀，改「以及星辰。」 句爲「惟德孔神」。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Concentrated Harmony": on an auspicious day, at a propitious hour, the sacrificial canon is formally set forth. Great Yin, night brilliance, and the stars as well. Bright and clear is its spirit; it mirrors our hearts as we wait and welcome; come near and accept our offering. In year 4, the stars received a separate sacrifice; the line "and the stars as well" was changed. The closing line was changed to "only virtue, the great spirit."
87
奠帛以下，鹹同朝日。
From offering silks onward, the rite is the same as for the Morning Sun.
88
嘉靖九年復定夕月樂章。
Hymns for the Evening Moon sacrifice, re-established, Jiajing reign year 9.
89
迎神，《凝和之曲》：陰曰配合兮承陽宗，式循古典兮齋以恭。 睹太陰來格兮星辰羅從，予拜首兮迓神容。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Concentrated Harmony": Yin pairs with Yang in cosmic union; we follow the ancient canon, fasting in reverence. We behold Great Yin draw near, stars arrayed in attendance; I bow my head and welcome the spirit's presence.
90
初獻，《壽和之曲》：神其來止，有嚴其誠。 玉帛在篚，清酤方盈。 奉而奠之，願鑑微情。 夫祀兮云何？ 祈佑兮羣氓。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": may the spirit come and abide; our sincerity is solemn and strict. Jade and silk rest in the basket; clear wine is freshly poured. We present and set them forth; we pray You will regard our humble hearts. What is this sacrifice for? We pray for protection for all the people.
91
亞獻，《豫和之曲》：二觴載斟，樂舞雍雍。 神歆且樂，百職惟供。 願順軌兮五行，祈民福兮惟神必從。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": two goblets are poured; music and dance proceed in harmony. The spirit accepts and rejoices; the hundred offices attend. We pray the Five Phases may run in order; we pray blessing for the people — the spirit surely heeds.
92
終獻，《康和之曲》：一誠以申，三舉金觥。 鐘鼓鍧鍧，環珮琤琤。 鑑予之情，願永保我民生。
Final offering — "Healthful Harmony": one sincerity expressed; three times the golden goblet is raised. Bells and drums resound; pendants ring clear. Regard our hearts; we pray You will forever protect our people's lives.
93
徹饌，《安和之曲》：禮樂肅具，精意用申。 位坎居歆，納茲藻蘋。 徹之弗遲，儀典肅陳。 神其鑑之，佑我生民。
Removing the feast — "Secure Harmony": ritual and music stand complete; refined intent is expressed. Dwelling in the northern position it accepts; it receives these water plants and duckweed. We withdraw without delay; the ritual canon is solemnly observed. May the spirit regard this and protect our people.
94
送神，《保和之曲》：禮備告終兮神喜旋，穹碧澄輝兮素華鮮。 星辰從兮返神鄉，露氣清兮霓裳蹁躚。
Sending off the Spirit — "Preserving Harmony": the rite is complete and the spirit joyfully returns; the azure sky shines clear, plain splendor fresh. The stars follow and return to the spirit realm; dew is clear and rainbow garments dance lightly.
95
望瘞之曲：餚羞兮束帛，薦之於瘞兮罔敢愆。 予拜首兮奉送，願永貺兮民樂豐年。
Tune for gazing at the burial: delicacies and bundled silks; we present them at the burial, daring not to err. I bow my head in farewell; we pray for lasting blessing and abundant years for the people.
96
嘉靖十年，定祈谷樂章。
Jiajing reign year 10: hymns for the Grain Prayer were established.
97
迎神，《中和之曲》：臣惟穹昊兮民物之初，爲民請命兮祀禮昭諸。 備筵率職兮祈洪庥，臣衷微眇兮悃懇誠攄。 遙瞻駕降兮霽色輝，歡迎鼓舞兮迓龍輿。 臣愧菲才兮後斯民，願福斯民兮聖恩渠。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Moderation and Harmony": we think of the vast heavens, source of all people and things; we petition on the people's behalf and make the sacrifice manifest. We prepare the feast and lead our duties, praying for vast blessing; our humble hearts pour forth sincere devotion. We gaze from afar as the carriage descends in clear radiance; we welcome with drum and dance, greeting the dragon carriage. Ashamed of our slight talent, we stand behind the people; we pray blessing for them through the channel of sage grace.
98
奠玉帛，《肅和之曲》：烝民勤職兮農事顓，蠶工亦慎兮固桑阡。 玉帛祗奉兮暨豆籩，仰祈大化兮錫以豐年。
Offering jade and silk — "Reverent Harmony": the people labor diligently in farming; silkworm work is careful, mulberry paths secured. Jade and silk are reverently offered with trays and baskets; we pray the great transformation will grant abundant harvests.
99
進俎，《咸和之曲》：鼎烹兮氣馨，香羞兮旨醽。 帝垂享兮以歆，烝民蒙福兮以寧。
Presenting the sacrifice tray — "All Harmony": the tripod cooks, fragrance rising; delicacies and rich wine are sweet. The Emperor deigns to partake; the people receive blessing and dwell in peace.
100
初獻，《壽和之曲》：禮嚴兮初獻行，百職趨蹌兮佩琤鳴。 臣謹進兮玉觥，帝心歆鑑兮歲豐亨。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": the rite is solemn as the first offering proceeds; the hundred offices hurry forward, pendants ringing. The minister reverently presents the jade goblet; the Emperor accepts and regards — the year is abundant and prosperous.
101
亞獻，《景和之曲》：二觴舉兮致虔，清醴載斟兮奉前。 仰音容兮忻穆，臣感聖恩兮實拳拳。
Second offering — "Scenic Harmony": two goblets are raised in reverence; clear rich wine is poured and borne forward. We look up at His voice and countenance, joyful and solemn; the minister feels sage grace with earnest heart.
102
終獻，《永和之曲》：三獻兮一誠微，禋禮告成兮帝鑑是依。 烝民沐德兮歲豐禨，臣拜首兮竭誠祈。
Final offering — "Eternal Harmony": three offerings, one humble sincerity; the sacrifice is complete and we rely on the Emperor's regard. The people bathe in virtue, years abundant and auspicious; the minister bows his head and prays with utmost sincerity.
103
徹饌，《凝和之曲》：三獻周兮肅乃儀，俎豆敬徹兮弗敢遲。 願留福兮丕而，曰雨曰暘兮若時。
Removing the feast — "Concentrated Harmony": three offerings complete, the ritual solemn; trays and vessels are reverently withdrawn without delay. We pray blessing may remain, great and vast; rain and sunshine in their proper seasons.
104
送神，《清和之曲》：祀禮告備兮帝鑑彰，臣情上達兮感昊蒼。 雲程肅駕兮返帝鄉，臣荷恩眷兮何以忘。 祥風瑞靄兮彌壇壝，烝民率土兮悉獲豐康。
Sending off the Spirit — "Clear Harmony": the sacrifice is complete and the Emperor's regard shines forth; the minister's heart reaches above, moved by the vast heavens. The solemn carriage returns through clouds to the celestial realm; the minister bears favoring grace — how could we forget? Auspicious wind and lucky mist fill the altar mound; the people throughout the realm all gain abundance and peace.
105
望燎，《太和之曲》：遙睹兮天衢長，邈彼寥廓兮去上方。 束帛薦火兮升聞，悃愊通兮沛澤長。 樂終九奏兮神人以和，臣同率土兮鹹荷恩光。
Gazing at the burning — "Supreme Harmony": we behold from afar the long heavenly road; far away the vast expanse, departing for the heights above. Bundled silks offered to the fire ascend and are heard; sincere feeling connects and grace flows long. Music ends with nine performances, spirit and human in harmony; the minister with all within the realm bears radiant grace.
106
嘉靖十七年，定大饗樂章。
Jiajing reign year 17: hymns for the Great Feast were established.
107
迎神，《中和之曲》：於皇穆清兮弘覆惟仁，既成萬寶兮惠此烝民。 祗受厥明兮欲報無因，爰稽古昔兮式展明禋。 肅肅廣庭兮遙遙紫旻，笙鏞始奏兮祥風導云。 臣拜稽首兮中心孔勤，爰瞻寶輦兮森羅萬神。 庶幾昭格兮眷命其申，徘徊顧歆兮鑑我恭寅。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Moderation and Harmony": how august, serene and pure, spreading benevolence alone; completing the myriad treasures, favoring all the people. Reverently receiving that brilliance, we wish to repay yet lack the means; examining antiquity, we perform the bright sacrifice. Solemn is the broad courtyard, far stretch the purple heavens; sheng and bells first sound as auspicious wind guides the clouds. The minister bows his head to the ground, heart deeply earnest; gazing at the precious carriage, myriad spirits stand arrayed. We hope for clear descent, favor extended; lingering in acceptance, regard our respectful reverence.
108
奠玉帛，《肅和之曲》：捧珪幣兮瑤堂，穆將愉兮聖皇。 秉予心兮純一，荷帝德兮溥將。
Offering jade and silk — "Reverent Harmony": bearing jade disks and silks in the jade hall; solemn and pleased is the sage sovereign. We hold our hearts in pure unity, bearing the Emperor's virtue broadly bestowed.
109
進俎，《凝和之曲》：歲功阜兮庶類成，黍稷飶兮濡鼎馨。 敬薦之兮慚菲輕，大禮不煩兮惟一誠。
Presenting the sacrifice tray — "Concentrated Harmony": the year's work is rich, all kinds complete; millet and grain fragrant, soaking the tripod with scent. We present them reverently, ashamed they are slight; the great rite asks no excess, only sincerity.
110
初獻，《壽和之曲》：金風動兮玉宇澄，初獻觴兮交聖靈。 瞻玄造兮懷鴻禎，曷以酬之心怦怦。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": golden wind stirs, the jade heavens clear; the first goblet communes with the sage spirit. We gaze at the mysterious creation, cherishing great blessing; with what shall we repay? Our hearts pound.
111
亞獻，《豫和之曲》：帝眷我兮居歆，紛繁會兮五音。 再捧觴兮莫殫臣心，惟帝欣懌兮生民是任。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": the Emperor favors us and dwells in enjoyment; the five tones gather in profusion. Again we bear the goblet, our hearts never exhausted; the Emperor is pleased and entrusts the living people.
112
終獻，《熙和之曲》：綏萬邦兮屢豐年，眇眇予躬兮實荷昊天。 酒三獻兮心益虔，帝命參輿兮勿遽旋。
Final offering — "Radiant Harmony": pacifying the myriad states, years repeatedly abundant; slight as I am, I truly bear Heaven's burden. Three wine offerings and our hearts grow ever more reverent; the Emperor commands the attendant carriage not to turn back hastily.
113
徹饌，《雍和之曲》：祀禮既洽兮神人肅雍，享帝享親兮勉歆臣衷。 惟洪恩兮罔極，儼連蜷兮聖容。
Removing the feast — "Harmonious Peace": the sacrifice is harmonious, spirit and human solemn; honoring Emperor and kin, accepting the minister's heart. Vast grace is without limit; august and serene is the sage countenance.
114
送神，《清和之曲》：《九韶》既成兮金玉鏗鏘，百辟森立兮戚羽期藏。 皇天在上兮昭考在旁，嚴父配天兮祗修厥常。 殷薦既終兮神去無方，玄雲上升兮鸞鵠參翔。 靈光回照兮鬱乎芬芳，載慕載瞻兮願錫亨昌。 子孫庶民兮惟帝是將，於昭明德兮永懷不忘。
Sending off the Spirit — "Clear Harmony": the "Nine Shao" is complete, gold and jade ringing clear; the hundred lords stand in ranks, feather dancers ready to withdraw. Imperial Heaven above, our illustrious forefather at our side; the stern father paired with Heaven, we reverently keep the eternal rite. Abundant offerings are complete and the spirit departs beyond knowing; dark clouds rise as luan and swan soar together. Spirit light shines back, lush with fragrance; with longing we gaze and pray blessing and prosperity be granted. Descendants and common people follow the Emperor alone; how bright is His clear virtue — forever cherished, never forgotten.
115
望燎，《時和之曲》：龍輿杳杳兮歸上方，金風應律兮燎斯揚，達精誠兮合靈光。 帝廷納兮玉帛將，顧下土兮春不忘，願錫吾民兮長阜康。
Gazing at the burning — "Timely Harmony": the dragon carriage fades and returns above; golden wind answers the pitch and the flame rises; sincerity reaches forth and merges with spirit light. The imperial court receives jade and silk; looking down on the earth, spring is not forgotten; we pray our people may long enjoy abundance and peace.
116
嘉靖十八年，興都大饗樂章。
Jiajing reign year 18: hymns for the Xingdu Great Feast.
117
迎神，《中和之曲》：仰高高之在上兮皇穹，冒九圍之遍覆兮罔止西東。 王者出王遊衍兮必奉天顧，愚臣之此行兮亶荷帡幪。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Moderation and Harmony": we look up to the high vault of Heaven; it covers the nine spheres entirely, without end east or west. When the king goes forth on royal progress he must receive Heaven's regard; on this journey the foolish minister truly bears protective grace.
118
初獻，《壽和之曲》：於昭帝庥兮臣感恩淵淵，巡省舊籓之地兮實止承天。 下情思報兮此心拳拳，瓊卮蒼幣兮捧扣壇前。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": how clear is imperial grace, and the minister's gratitude runs deep; touring his former fief, he truly halts to receive Heaven. Our humble hearts wish to repay, earnest beyond measure; jade goblet and dark silks we hold before the altar.
119
亞獻，《敷和之曲》：樂奏兮三成，觴舉兮再呈。 帝鑑幾微兮曰爾誠，小臣頓首兮敢不嚴於此精。
Second offering — "Spread Harmony": music sounds in three movements; goblets are raised and presented twice. The Emperor perceives our subtle hearts and calls us sincere; the humble minister bows his head — how dare he fail in this refinement?
120
終獻，《承和之曲》：臣來茲土，本之思親。 思親伊何？ 昌厥嗣人。 嗣人克昌，菲戴帝之臨汝夫何因。
Final offering — "Receiving Harmony": the minister came to this land, rooted in thoughts of kin. What are thoughts of kin for? To bring prosperity to those who follow. May our heirs flourish; how can the humble bear the Emperor's regard upon you — for what merit?
121
徹饌，《永和之曲》：肅其具兮祀禮行，備彼儀兮樂舞張。 退省進止兮臣疏且狂，沐含仁兮何以量。
Removing the feast — "Eternal Harmony": the implements stand solemn as the rite proceeds; every ritual is complete, music and dance unfold. Retiring to reflect on what we have done, coarse and unrestrained is the minister; bathed in encompassing benevolence — how can it be measured?
122
送神，《感和之曲》：王之狩兮典有禋望，於維柴祀兮首重上蒼。 臣情罔殫兮夙夜惶惶，祗伸愚悃兮允賴恩光。 遙瞻兮六龍騰翔，帝垂祉兮萬世永昌。
Sending off the Spirit — "Responsive Harmony": the king's hunt has its canon of prayer and gazing; at the faggot sacrifice we first honor the heavens above. The minister's devotion never ends, anxious dawn to dusk; he offers only foolish sincerity, truly relying on grace-light. We gaze afar as six dragons soar; the Emperor bestows blessing and ten thousand ages flourish.
123
嘉靖十一年，定雩祀樂章，十七年罷。
Jiajing reign year 11: rain-prayer hymns were established; abolished in year 17.
124
迎神，《中和之曲》：於穆上帝，爰處瑤宮。 諮爾黎庶，覆憫曷窮。 旗幢戾止，委蛇雲龍。 霖澤斯溥，萬寶有終。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Moderation and Harmony": how solemn is the Supreme Lord, dwelling in the jade palace. I speak to you, common people: His sheltering mercy has no end. Banners and pennants have arrived; cloud dragons wind serpent-like. Rain moisture spreads far and wide; the myriad treasures reach fulfillment.
125
奠幣，《肅和之曲》：神之格思，奠茲文纁。 盛樂斯舉，香氣氤氳。 精禋孔，徹於紫冥。 懇祈膏澤，渥我嘉生。
Offering silks — "Reverent Harmony": the spirit draws near; we offer these patterned scarlet silks. Grand music rises; fragrant vapor swirls dense. Refined sacrifice burns bright, reaching the purple heavens. We earnestly pray for nourishing rain to enrich our growing life.
126
進俎，《咸和之曲》：百川委潤，名山出云。 愆暘孔熾，膏澤斯屯。 祈年於天，載牲於俎。 神之格思，報以甘雨。
Presenting the sacrifice tray — "All Harmony": a hundred streams pour their moisture; famous mountains send forth clouds. Excess sun burns fiercely; nourishing rain is held back. We pray for a good year to Heaven and bear victims on the tray. The spirit draws near and answers with sweet rain.
127
初獻，《壽和之曲》：有嚴崇祀，日吉辰良。 酌彼罍洗，椒馨飶香。 元功溥濟，時雨時暘。 惟神是聽，綏以多穰。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": solemn is the lofty sacrifice, on an auspicious day at a propitious hour. We pour from the washing urns; pepper fragrance rises savory and sweet. Primal merit aids all broadly; timely rain and timely sun. May the spirit hear us and grant abundant harvest.
128
亞獻，《景和之曲》：皇皇禋祀，孔惠孔明。 瞻仰來歆，拜首欽承。 有醴維醽，有酒維清，去韶侑獻，肅雍和鳴。 聖靈有赫，鑑享精誠。
Second offering — "Scenic Harmony": august is the sacrificial rite, full of grace and wisdom. We look up as You come to accept; bowing our heads, we reverently receive. Sweet wine and rich brew, clear wine as well; Shao music yields to the secondary offering, solemn harmonious tones ring out. The sage spirit blazes bright and regards our sincere devotion.
129
終獻，《永和之曲》：靈承無斁，駿奔有容。 嘉玉以陳，酌鬯以供。 禮三再稱，誠一以從。 備物致志，申薦彌恭。 神昭景貺，佑我耕農。
Final offering — "Eternal Harmony": the spirit receives without end; earnest runners bear dignified mien. Fine jade is set forth; fragrant brew is poured for offering. The rite is proclaimed thrice; one sincerity guides all we do. We prepare every object and express our intent, presenting the offering with ever greater reverence. The spirit manifests bright bounty and protects our farming people.
130
徹饌，《凝和之曲》：有赫旱，民勞瘁斯。 於牲於醴，載舞載詩。 禮成三獻，敬徹不遲。 神之聽之，雨我公私。
Removing the feast — "Concentrated Harmony": drought blazes fierce; the people toil in exhaustion. With victims and wine we dance and chant in devotion. Three offerings complete the rite; we withdraw reverently without delay. Spirit, hear us — send rain on public fields and private alike.
131
送神，《清和之曲》：爰迪寅清，昭事昊穹。 仰祈甘雨，惠我三農。 既歆既格，言歸太空。 式沾下土，萬方其同。
Sending off the Spirit — "Clear Harmony": thus we advance dawn purity and serve the vast heavens. We look up and pray for sweet rain to bless our farmers. Having accepted and drawn near, the spirit returns to the great void. Thus the lower earth is moistened, and every quarter shares alike.
132
望燎，《太和之曲》：赤龍旋馭，禮洽樂成。 燔燎既舉，昭格精禋。 維帝降康，雨施雲行。 登我黍稌，溥受厥明。
Gazing at the burning — "Supreme Harmony": the crimson dragon wheels its carriage; rite and music are complete. The burning blaze is raised; the refined sacrifice draws clear presence. The Emperor bestows peace; rain is given and clouds move on. Our millet and broomcorn rise up, broadly receiving that brilliance.
133
祭畢，樂舞童羣歌《雲門之曲》：景龍精兮時見，測鶉緯兮宵懸。 肆廣樂兮鏗鍧，列皇舞兮蹁躚。 祈方社兮不莫，薦圭璧兮孔虔。 需密雲兮六漠，霈甘澍兮九玄。 慰我農兮既渥，錫明昭兮有年。
When the sacrifice is done, children of the music-dance troupe sing "Cloud Gate": the auspicious dragon essence appears in season; the Quail constellation is measured, hung in the night sky. Broad music resounds booming and clear; imperial dancers arrayed, lightly tripping. We pray at the local altars before dusk; we offer jade disks and bi with utmost reverence. We await dense clouds over the six wastes; sweet rain pours over the nine heavens. Our farmers are comforted, richly moistened; bright glory is granted — a year of plenty.
134
洪武元年，太社稷異壇同壝樂章。
Hongwu reign year 1: hymns for the Grand Altar of Soil and Grain, separate mounds within one enclosure.
135
迎神，《廣和之曲》：五土之靈，百穀之英。 國依土而寧，民以食而生。 基圖肇建，祀禮修明。 神其來臨，肅恭而迎。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Broad Harmony": spirits of the five soils, essence of the hundred grains. The state rests on soil for peace; the people live by food. Foundation and design were first laid; sacrificial rites were refined and made bright. May the spirit draw near; we welcome it with solemn reverence.
136
奠幣，《肅和之曲》：有國有人，社稷爲重。 昭事雲初，玉帛虔奉。 維物匪奇，敬實將之。 以斯爲禮，冀達明祗。
Offering silks — "Reverent Harmony": with state and people, soil and grain are paramount. We begin manifest service; jade and silk are reverently offered. The offerings are not exotic; reverence and substance bear them forth. We take this as our rite, hoping to reach the bright spirit.
137
進俎，《凝和之曲》：崇壇北向，明禋方闡。 有潔犧牲，禮因物顯。 大房載設，中情以展。 景運既承，神貺斯衍。
Presenting the sacrifice tray — "Concentrated Harmony": the lofty altar faces north; the bright sacrifice is newly opened. Pure victims stand ready; the rite shines forth through its offerings. The great vessel is fully set; our inner hearts are thereby expressed. Auspicious fortune is received; divine bounty spreads abroad.
138
初獻，《壽和之曲》：太社雲，高爲山林，深爲川澤。 崇丘廣衍，亦有原隰。 惟神所司，百靈效職。 清醴初陳，顒然昭格。 句龍配雲，平治水土，萬世神功。 民安物遂，造化攸同。 嘉惠無窮，報祀宜豐。 配食尊嚴，國家所崇。 太稷雲，黍稷稻粱，來牟降祥，爲民之天。 豐年穰穰，其功甚大，其恩正長。 乃登芳齊，以享以將。 后稷配雲，皇皇后稷，克配於天。 誕降嘉種，樹藝大田。 生民粒食，功垂萬年。 建壇於京，歆茲吉蠲。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": the Grand Altar of Soil — high it makes mountains and forests, deep it makes streams and marshes. Lofty hills spread wide; there are plains and lowlands as well. What the spirit oversees, the hundred numina perform in duty. Clear wine is first set forth; presence shines clear and uplifted. Gou Long, paired in sacrifice — he leveled water and soil, merit for ten thousand ages. People are secure and things prosper; creation moves in harmony. Fine favor is without end; our repaying sacrifice should be abundant. Paired in sacrifice, solemn and dignified — what state and family hold in esteem. The Grand Altar of Grain — millet, panicled millet, rice, and grain; black millet sends blessing down; it is Heaven for the people. Years of plenty, harvest rich; its merit is great, its grace enduring. We ascend fragrant offerings to enjoy and present. Hou Ji, paired in sacrifice — august Hou Ji, fit to be paired with Heaven. He sent down fine seed and planted the great fields. The living people eat grain; his merit endures ten thousand years. An altar was built in the capital; may it enjoy this auspicious purification.
139
亞獻，《豫和之曲》：太社雲，廣厚無偏，其體弘兮。 德侔坤順，萬物生兮。 錫民地利，神化行兮。 恭祀告虔，國之禎兮。 句龍配雲，周覽四方，偉烈昭彰。 九州既平，五行有常。 壇位以妥，牲醴之將。 是崇是嚴，煥然典章。 太稷雲，億兆林林，所資者谷。 雨暘應時，家給人足。 倉庾坻京，神介多福。 祗薦其儀，昭事維肅。 后稷配雲，躬勤稼穡，有相之道。 不稂不莠，實堅實好。 農事開國，王基永保。 有年自今，常奉蘋藻。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": the Grand Altar of Soil — broad and thick, without partiality; its body is vast. Its virtue equals the yielding Earth; the ten thousand things are born. It bestows earthly advantage on the people; divine transformation moves on. Reverent sacrifice proclaims our sincerity — the state's auspicious sign. Gou Long, paired in sacrifice — surveying all four quarters, great merit bright and manifest. The nine regions are pacified; the Five Phases run in order. The altar stands ready; victims and sweet wine are about to be presented. We exalt it and hold it strict; statute and rite shine forth in splendor. Grand Millet: millions upon millions stand in hosts — grain sustains them all. Rain and sunshine come in season; every household is supplied, every person fulfilled. Granaries mound high as a capital; the spirit bestows abundant blessing. In reverence we offer the rite; the manifest service is wholly solemn. Houji as associate: he labored in the fields himself, with a way to assist all. No wild grass, no tares — grain firm and fine. Farming opened the realm; the royal foundation is kept forever. From this year onward, may good harvests come — we shall always offer water-shield and pondweed.
140
終獻，《豫和之曲》，詞同亞獻。
Final offering — "Ease and Harmony"; the lyrics are the same as the second offering.
141
徹豆，《雍和之曲》：禮展其勤，樂奏其節。 庶品苾芬，神明是達。 有嚴執事，俎豆乃徹。 穆穆雍雍，均其欣悅。
Removing the beans — "Harmonious Peace": the rite displays its diligence; music keeps its measure. All offerings fragrant and full — the spirits reach them. Attendants stern in duty; trays and vessels are now withdrawn. Solemn and serene, harmonious and calm — all share the same joy.
142
送神，《安和之曲》：維壇潔清，維主堅貞。 神之所歸，依茲以寧。 土宇靖安，年穀順成。 祀事昭明，永致昇平。
Sending off the Spirit — "Secure Harmony": the altar alone is pure and clean; the sacrificer alone is firm and true. Where the spirit returns, here it finds rest. The land is tranquil; the year's grain ripens in order. The sacrifice shines clear; lasting peace is secured.
143
望瘞，《時和之曲》：晨光將發，既侑既歆。 瘞茲牲幣，達於幽陰。 神人和悅，實獲我心。 永久禋祀，其始於今。
Gazing at the burial — "Timely Harmony": dawn light is about to break; we have assisted and the spirit has accepted. We bury these victims and silks, reaching the hidden yin realm. Spirit and human are alike pleased — my heart is truly won. Everlasting sacrificial worship begins from this day.
144
洪武十一年，合祭太社稷樂章。
Hongwu year 11: hymns for the joint sacrifice to the Great Altars of Soil and Grain.
145
迎神，《廣和之曲》：予惟土谷兮造化工，爲民立命兮當報崇。 民歌且舞兮朝雍雍，備筵率職兮候迓迎。 想聖來兮祥風生，欽當稽首兮告年豐。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Broad Harmony": I consider the god of soil and grain who wrought creation's work; who set life for the people — I must repay in highest reverence. The people sing and dance through the serene morning; we set the feast and lead every office to wait and welcome. When the sage spirit comes, auspicious wind rises; I bow low and report a year of plenty.
146
初獻，《壽和之曲》：氤氳氣合兮物遂蒙，民之立命兮荷陰功。 予將玉帛兮獻微衷，初斟醴薦兮民福洪。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": mingling vapors enfold all things; the people's allotted lives bear the merit of yin. I offer jade and silk with humble sincerity; first pouring sweet wine to bring the people great blessing.
147
亞獻，《豫和之曲》：予令樂舞兮再捧觴，願神昭格兮軍民康。 思必穆穆兮靈洋洋，感恩厚兮拜祥光。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": I command music and dance to raise the goblet again; may the spirit shine forth — army and people at peace. Thought must be solemn; the spirit vast and bright; deep gratitude — we bow to auspicious light.
148
終獻，《熙和之曲》：幹羽飛旋兮酒三行，香菸繚繞兮雲旌幢。 予今稽首兮忻且惶，神顏悅兮霞彩彰。
Final offering — "Radiant Harmony": feathered dancers whirl as wine goes three rounds; incense curls — cloud banners and pennants. Now I bow my head, joyful yet awed; the spirit's face is pleased — rosy clouds blaze bright.
149
徹饌，《雍和之曲》：粗陳微禮兮神喜將，琅然絲竹兮樂舞揚。 願祥普降兮遐邇方，烝民率土兮盡安康。
Removing the feast — "Harmonious Peace": we set forth a modest rite — the spirit is pleased to accept; silk and bamboo ring clear — music and dance rise. May auspicious blessing spread everywhere, near and far; all the people within the realm share perfect peace.
150
送神，《安和之曲》：氤氳氤氳兮祥光張，龍車鳳輦兮駕飛揚。 遙瞻稽首兮去何方，民福留兮時雨暘。
Sending off the Spirit — "Secure Harmony": vapors mingle, auspicious light spreads; dragon carriage and phoenix palanquin ride flying aloft. Gazing from afar I bow my head — whither do You go? The people's blessing remains — timely rain and sunshine.
151
望瘞，《時和之曲》：捧餚羞兮詣瘞方，鳴鑾率舞兮聲鏗鏘。 思神納兮民福昂，予今稽首兮謝恩光。
Gazing at the burial — "Timely Harmony": bearing delicacies to the burial place; bells ring and dancers lead — sound resounds clear. Thinking the spirit accepts — the people's blessing rises high; now I bow my head and thank the light of grace.
152
嘉靖十年，初立帝社稷樂章。
Jiajing year 10: first establishment of hymns for the Emperor's Altars of Soil and Grain.
153
迎神，《時和之曲》：東風兮地脈以融，首務兮稼穡之工。 秋祭云：「金風兮萬寶以充，忻成兮稼穡之工。 祀神於此兮苑中，願來格兮慰予衷。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Timely Harmony": east wind — the earth's pulse melts; first task — the work of sowing and reaping. The autumn sacrifice reads: "Golden wind — the myriad treasures are full; joy in completion — the work of sowing and reaping. We sacrifice to the spirit here in the garden; may You come and comfort my heart.
154
初獻，《壽和之曲》：神兮臨止，禮薦清醇。 菲幣在笥，初獻式遵。 神其鑑茲，享斯藻蘋。 我祀伊何？ 祈報是因。 神兮錫祉，則阜吾民。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": Spirit, You have come and halted; the rite presents clear pure wine. Humble silks are in the basket; the first offering follows the rule. Spirit, inspect this; enjoy these pondweed offerings. What is our sacrifice for? Prayer and thanksgiving are the reason. Spirit, bestow blessing — then enrich our people.
155
亞獻。 《雍和之曲》：二觴載舉，中此殷勤。 神悅兮以納，祥靄兮氤氳。
Second offering. "Harmonious Peace": two goblets are raised; between them this earnest care. The spirit is pleased and accepts; auspicious mist mingles and merges.
156
終獻，《寧和之曲》：禮終兮酒三行，喜茂實兮黍稷粱。 農事待兮豐康，予稽首兮以望。
Final offering — "Tranquil Harmony": the rite ends — wine three rounds; we rejoice in plump fruit — millet, panic grass, and grain. Farming awaits abundance and peace; I bow my head and look up in hope.
157
徹饌，《保和之曲》：祀事告終，三獻既周。 徹之罔遲，惠注田疇。 迓以休貺，庇茲有秋。
Removing the feast — "Preserving Harmony": the sacrifice announces its end; three offerings are complete. Withdrawal is not delayed; favor pours upon the fields. We welcome the fine gift; may it shelter this harvest season.
158
送神，《廣和之曲》：耕耨伊首，秋祭云：「耕耨告就。」 力事豆籩。 粢盛賴之，於此大田。 予將以祀，神其少延。 願留嘉祉，副我潔虔。 肅駕兮雲旋，普予兮有年。
Sending off the Spirit — "Broad Harmony": plowing and hoeing come first; the autumn sacrifice reads: "Plowing and hoeing are announced complete." With diligent care we tend the beans and baskets. The grain offerings rely on this — here in the great field. I am about to sacrifice; Spirit, linger a little. May You leave fine blessing to match my pure reverence. Solemn carriage wheels through the clouds; may all receive a good year.
159
望瘞，曲同。
Gazing at the burial — the tune is the same.
160
洪武二年，分祀天神地祇樂章。
Hongwu year 2: hymns for the separate sacrifice to the Spirits of Heaven and Earth.
161
迎天神，奏《中和之曲》：吉目良辰，祀典式陳。 太歲尊神，雷雨風云。 濯濯厥靈，昭鑑我心。 以候以迎，來格來歆。
Welcoming the Spirits of Heaven, playing "Moderation and Harmony": auspicious day, propitious hour — the sacrificial canon is formally set forth. The Grand Year honored spirit, thunder, rain, wind, and cloud. Abundant is their spirit; they illuminate and mirror my heart. We wait and we welcome; come and accept, come and enjoy.
162
奠帛以後，鹹同朝日。
After offering silks, all is the same as for the Morning Sun.
163
迎地祇，奏《中和之曲》：吉日良辰，祀典式陳。 惟地之祇，百靈繽紛。 嶽鎮海瀆，山川城隍，內而中國，外及四方。 濯濯厥靈，昭鑑我心。 以候以迎，來格來歆。
Welcoming the Spirits of Earth, playing "Moderation and Harmony": auspicious day, propitious hour — the sacrificial canon is formally set forth. Only the spirits of earth — the hundred spirits in splendid array. Peaks, famous mountains, seas and rivers, mountains and streams, city gods — within the Middle Kingdom, beyond to the four quarters. Abundant is their spirit; they illuminate and mirror my heart. We wait and we welcome; come and accept, come and enjoy.
164
奠帛以後，鹹同朝日。
After offering silks, all is the same as for the Morning Sun.
165
洪武六年，合祀天神地祗樂章。
Hongwu year 6: hymns for the joint sacrifice to the Spirits of Heaven and Earth.
166
迎神，《保和之曲》：吉日良辰，祀典式陳。 太歲尊神，雷雨風雲，嶽鎮海瀆，山川城隍。 內而中國，外及四方。 濯濯厥靈，昭鑑我心。 以候以迎。 來格來歆。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Preserving Harmony": auspicious day, propitious hour — the sacrificial canon is formally set forth. The Grand Year honored spirit, thunder, rain, wind, and cloud; famous peaks and seas, mountains and streams, city gods. Within the Middle Kingdom, beyond to the four quarters. Abundant is their spirit; they illuminate and mirror my heart. We wait and we welcome. Come and accept, come and enjoy.
167
奠帛以後，鹹同朝日。
After offering silks, all is the same as for the Morning Sun.
168
嘉靖九年，復分祀天神地祇樂章。
Jiajing year 9: hymns restored for the separate sacrifice to the Spirits of Heaven and Earth.
169
迎天神，《保和之曲》：吉日良辰，祀典式陳。 景靈甘雨，風雷之神。 赫赫其靈，功著生民。 參贊玄化，宣佈蒼仁。 爰茲報祀，鑑斯藻蘋。
Welcoming the Spirits of Heaven — "Preserving Harmony": auspicious day, propitious hour — the sacrificial canon is formally set forth. The radiant spirit, sweet rain, and the gods of wind and thunder. Blazing bright is their spirit; their merit shines upon the living people. They assist the dark transformation and spread azure benevolence. Here we make this responsive sacrifice; inspect these pondweed offerings.
170
奠帛以後，俱如舊。
After offering silks, all follows the former practice.
171
迎地祇，《保和之曲》：吉日良辰，祀典式陳。 靈嶽方鎮，海瀆之神，京畿四方，山澤羣真。 毓靈分隅，福我生民。 薦斯享報，鑑我恭寅。
Welcoming the Spirits of Earth — "Preserving Harmony": auspicious day, propitious hour — the sacrificial canon is formally set forth. Spirit peaks and regional mounts, gods of seas and rivers; the capital region and four quarters, mountain and marsh spirits true. They nurture spirit and divide the corners — bless our living people. We present this offering in response; inspect our reverent service.
172
奠帛以後，亦如舊。
After offering silks, likewise as before.
173
洪武四年，祀周天星辰樂章。
Hongwu year 4: hymns for the sacrifice to the stars of the entire heavens.
174
迎神，《凝和之曲》：星辰垂象，佈列玄穹，擇茲吉日，祀禮是崇。 濯濯厥靈，昭鑑我心。 謹候以迎，庶幾來歆。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Concentrated Harmony": stars hang their signs, arrayed across the dark vault; on this chosen auspicious day, the sacrificial rite is honored. Abundant is their spirit; they illuminate and mirror my heart. We reverently wait and welcome; may they come and accept.
175
奠帛，《保和之曲》，詞同朝日。
Offering silks — "Preserving Harmony"; the lyrics are the same as for the Morning Sun.
176
初獻，《保和之曲》：神兮既留，品物斯薦。 奉禮之初，醴酒斯奠。 仰惟靈耀，以享以歆。 何以侑觴？ 樂奏八音。
First offering — "Preserving Harmony": Spirit, You have already remained; all things are now presented. At the beginning of performing the rite, sweet wine is now offered. Looking up to the spirit's radiance — to enjoy and to accept. With what shall we assist the goblet? Music plays the eight tones.
177
亞獻，《中和之曲》：神既初享，亞獻再升。 以酌醴齊，仰薦於神。 洋洋在上，式燕以寧。 庶表微衷，交於神明。
Second offering — "Moderation and Harmony": the spirit has first enjoyed; the second offering is raised again. Pouring the pure wine, we offer it upward to the spirit. Vast and ample above, a feast to bring peace. May this express our slight sincerity; communion with the spirits.
178
終獻，《肅和之曲》：神既再享，終獻斯備。 不腆菲儀，式將其意。 薦茲酒醴，成我常祀。 神其顧歆，永言樂只。
Final offering — "Reverent Harmony": the spirit has enjoyed again; the final offering is now complete. Though our offering is not ample, we convey our intent. We present this wine and rich brew; we complete our constant sacrifice. Spirit, look down and accept; forever joyful.
179
徹豆，《豫和之曲》：祀事將畢，神既歆只。 徹茲俎豆，以成其禮。 惟神樂欣，無間始終。 樂音再作，庶在微悰。
Removing the beans — "Ease and Harmony": the sacrifice is about to end; the spirit has already accepted. We withdraw these trays and vessels to complete the rite. Only the spirit rejoices in delight — without break from beginning to end. Music sounds again; may it reach our slight sincerity.
180
送神，《雍和之曲》，詞同朝日。
Sending off the Spirit — "Harmonious Peace"; the lyrics are the same as for the Morning Sun.
181
望燎，《雍和之曲》：神既享祀，靈馭今旋。 燎煙既升，神帛斯焚。 巍巍霄漢，倏焉以適。 拳拳餘衷，瞻望弗及。
Gazing at the burning — "Harmonious Peace": the spirit has already enjoyed the sacrifice; the spirit carriage now turns homeward. Burning smoke has risen; spirit silks are now consumed. Towering in the azure heavens, suddenly they depart. Earnest is our remaining heart; we gaze after but cannot reach.
182
嘉靖八年，祀太歲月將樂章。
Jiajing year 8: hymns for the sacrifice to the Grand Year and Monthly Generals.
183
迎神：吉日良辰，祀典式陳。 輔國佑民，太歲尊神。 四時月將，功曹司辰。 濯濯厥靈，昭鑑我心。 以候以迎，來格來歆。
Welcoming the Spirit: auspicious day, propitious hour — the sacrificial canon is formally set forth. Assisting the state and protecting the people — the Grand Year honored spirit. The four seasons' monthly generals and the clerks of merit who keep the hours. Abundant is their spirit; they illuminate and mirror my heart. We wait and we welcome; come and accept, come and enjoy.
184
奠帛以後，俱同神祇。
After offering silks, all is the same as for the Spirits of Heaven and Earth.
185
洪武元年宗廟樂章。
Hongwu year 1: hymns for the Imperial Ancestral Temple.
186
迎神，《太和之曲》：慶源發祥，世德惟崇。 致我眇躬，開基建功。 京都之中，親廟在東。 惟我子孫，永懷祖風。 氣體則同，呼吸相通。 來格來崇，皇靈顯融。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Supreme Harmony": the source of blessing sends forth auspicious omens; generations of virtue are honored. To my slight person — opening the foundation and establishing merit. Within the capital, the ancestral temple lies to the east. Only we descendants forever cherish our ancestors' ways. Our breath is the same; our breathing communicates. Come and accept, come and honor; the imperial spirit shines forth and merges.
187
奉冊寶，《熙和之曲》：時享不用維水有源，維木有根。 先世積善，福垂後昆。 冊寶鏤玉，德顯名尊。 祗奉禮文，仰答洪恩。
Presenting registers and treasures — "Radiant Harmony": seasonal offerings do not use this — water has its source, wood has its root. Former generations accumulated goodness; blessing extends to later generations. Registers and treasures carved in jade — virtue displayed, name honored. In reverence we perform the ritual text; looking up we answer the great grace.
188
進俎，《凝和之曲》：時享不用明明祖考，妥神清廟。 薦以牲牷，匪雲盡孝。 願通神明，願成治效。 此帝王之道，亦祖考之教。
Presenting the sacrifice tray — "Concentrated Harmony": seasonal offerings do not use this — bright, bright ancestral fathers; the spirit rests in the clear temple. We present ox and sheep — not to say we exhaust filial piety. May we reach the spirits; may we achieve governing effect. This is the way of emperors and kings — also the teaching of ancestors and fathers.
189
初獻，《壽和之曲》：德祖廟，初獻云：思皇高祖，穆然深玄。 其遠歷年，其神在天。 尊臨太室，餘慶綿綿。 歆於几筵，有永其傳。 懿祖廟初獻云：思皇曾祖，清勤純古。 田裏韜光，天篤其祜。 佑我曾孫，弘開土宇。 追遠竭虔，勉遵前矩。 熙祖廟初獻云：維我皇祖，淑後貽謀。 盛德靈長，與泗同流。 發於孫枝，明禋載修。 嘉潤如海，恩何以酬。 仁祖廟初獻云：惟我皇考，既淳且仁。 弗耀其身，克開嗣人。 子有天下，尊歸於親。 景運維新，則有其因。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": Virtue Ancestor Temple — the first offering reads: thinking of the august High Ancestor, solemn and deep and dark. So far in years, so high in spirit — in Heaven. Honored in the Grand Chamber — remaining blessing stretches on. Accepted at the spirit table — may the transmission endure. Yi Ancestor Temple first offering reads: thinking of the august Great-Grandfather, pure, diligent, and wholly ancient. In the fields he hid his light; Heaven was earnest in his blessing. He aided me, his great-grandson, and broadly opened the realm. Pursuing the distant with utmost reverence, we strive to follow former measure. Xi Ancestor Temple first offering reads: our august imperial grandfather — a good consort bequeathed the plan. Sublime virtue lingers long — it flows with the Si River. Issuing from the branch of descendants, bright sacrifice is ever maintained. Fine blessing like the sea — how can grace be repaid? Ren Ancestor Temple first offering reads: our august imperial father — both pure and benevolent. He did not display himself; he was able to open the succession. The son has all under Heaven; honor returns to kin. The age's fortune is renewed — thus there is cause.
190
亞獻，《豫和之曲》：對越至親，儼然如生。 其氣昭明，感格在庭。 如見其形，如聞其聲。 愛而敬之，發乎中情。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": facing the most intimate kin, solemn as if alive. Their spirit is bright and clear; sympathetic response is in the court. As if seeing their form, as if hearing their voice. Loving and revering them — it arises from the heart's center.
191
終獻，《熙和之曲》：承先人之德，化家爲國。 毋曰予小子，基命成績。 欲報其德，昊天罔極。 殷勤三獻，我心悅懌。
Final offering — "Radiant Harmony": inheriting the virtue of forebears, transforming family into state. Do not say "I, the young son" — the foundation mandate and accomplished merit. Wishing to repay their virtue — the vast Heaven has no limit. Earnestly three offerings — my heart is pleased and at ease.
192
徹豆，《雍和之曲》：樂奏具肅，神其燕嬉。 告成於祖，亦右皇妣。 敬徹不遲，以終祀禮。 祥光煥揚，錫以嘉祉。
Removing the beans — "Harmonious Peace": music is played, all solemn; may the spirit feast and rejoice. We announce completion to the ancestors; we also honor the imperial consort. Reverent withdrawal without delay — to end the sacrificial rite. Auspicious light blazes forth; blessing is bestowed.
193
送神，《安和之曲》：顯兮幽兮，神運無跡。 鸞馭逍遙，安其所適。 其靈在天，其主在室。 子子孫孫，孝思無斁。
Sending off the Spirit — "Secure Harmony": manifest yet hidden — the spirit's movement leaves no trace. The phoenix carriage roams free; it rests where it is due. Its spirit is in Heaven; its seat is in the chamber. Sons and sons' sons — filial thought without end.
194
二十一年，更定其初獻合奏，餘並同。
Year 21: the first offering was revised to combined performance; the rest remained the same.
195
思皇先祖，耀靈於天。 源衍慶流，由高逮玄。 玄孫受命，追遠其先。 明禋世崇，億萬斯年。
Thinking of the august forebears — their spirit shines in Heaven. The source spreads blessing's flow — from the high reaching to the dark. The dark grandson received the mandate — pursuing the distant in their forebears. Bright sacrifice honored through the ages — ten thousand myriad years.
196
永樂以後，改迎神章「致我眇躬。」 句爲「助我祖宗」。 又改終獻章首四句爲「惟前人之功，肇膺天曆。 延及於小子，爰受方國」。 餘並同。
After the Yongle reign, the welcoming-spirit stanza line "To my slight person" was changed. The closing line was changed to "Aid my ancestors." Also the first four lines of the final-offering stanza were changed to "Only the merit of those before, first receiving Heaven's calendar. Extending to this young son, who now receives the regions." The rest remained the same.
197
嘉靖十五年，孟春九廟特享樂章。
Jiajing year 15: special seasonal hymns for the nine temples in early spring.
198
太祖廟。 迎神，《太和之曲》：於皇於皇兮仰我聖祖，乃武乃文，攘夷正華，爲天下大君。 比隆於古，越彼放勳。 肇造王業，佑啓予子孫。 功德超邁，大室攸尊。 首稱春祀，誠敬用申。 維神格思，萬世如存。
Taizu Temple. Welcoming the Spirit — "Supreme Harmony": august, august — we look up to our sage ancestor; martial and cultured, he drove off the barbarians and set China right, becoming the Great Lord of all under Heaven. Matching the ancients in grandeur — surpassing that distant merit. He first founded the royal enterprise and aided and opened our descendants. Merit and virtue surpassing all — the Grand Chamber alone is honored. First called the spring sacrifice — sincerity and reverence are applied. May the spirit come — ten thousand ages as if present.
199
初獻。 《壽和之曲》：薦帛於篚，潔牲於俎，嘉我黍稷，酌我清酤。 愚孫毖祀，奠獻初舉。 翼翼精誠，對越我皇祖。 居然顧歆，永錫純祜。
First offering. "Longevity and Harmony": silks in the basket, pure victims on the tray, our finest grain, and clear wine poured forth. The foolish grandson performs the careful sacrifice; the first offering is first raised. Earnest, earnest in sincerity — facing our august imperial ancestor. Clearly He looks down and accepts; forever bestowing pure blessing.
200
亞獻，《豫和之曲》：籥舞既薦，八音洋洋，工歌喤喤。 醇醴載羞，齊明其將之。 永佑於子孫，歲事其承之。 俾嗣續克承，百世其保之。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": the flute dance is already presented; the eight tones are vast and full; the workers sing in resounding chorus. Rich brew is borne as offering; pure and bright they shall present it. Forever protect our descendants; yearly rites shall carry them on. May succession endure and continue; a hundred generations shall preserve it.
201
終獻，《寧和之曲》：三爵既崇，禮秩有終。 盈溢孚顒，顯相肅雍。 惟皇祖格哉，以繹以融，申錫無窮。 暨於臣民，萬福攸同。
Final offering — "Tranquil Harmony": three goblets are raised high; ritual order reaches its end. Overflowing with trust, radiant assistants solemn and harmonious. Only the imperial ancestor draws near — extending, merging, bestowing without end. Reaching ministers and people alike — ten thousand blessings shared.
202
徹饌，《豫和之曲》：禮畢樂成，神悅人宜。 籩豆靜嘉，敬徹不遲。 穆穆有容，秩秩有儀。 益祗以嚴，矧敢斁於斯。
Removing the feast — "Ease and Harmony": rite and music complete; spirit pleased, people at ease. Trays and vessels stand calm and fine; we withdraw reverently without delay. Solemn is their bearing; orderly their ritual. Ever more reverent and strict — how dare we be remiss in this?
203
還宮，《安和之曲》：於皇我祖，陟降在天。 清廟翼翼，禋祀首虔。 明神既留，寢祏靜淵。 介福綏祿，錫胤綿綿。 以惠我家邦，於萬斯年。
Returning to the palace — "Secure Harmony": august is our ancestor, ascending and descending in Heaven. The clear temple spreads its wings; sacrificial rite is foremost in reverence. The bright spirit has already remained; the spirit tablet rests quiet in the deep. Great blessing, peace and emolument — bestowing heirs in endless line. To bless our house and state for ten thousand years.
204
成祖廟。 迎神，《太和之曲》：於惟文皇，重光是宣。 克戡內難，轉坤旋乾。 外讋百蠻，威行八埏。 貽典則於子孫，不忘不愆。 聖德神功，格於皇天。 作廟奕奕，百世不遷。 祀事孔明，億萬斯年。
Temple of Emperor Chengzu. Welcoming the Spirit — "Supreme Harmony": ah, the Martial Emperor — doubled brilliance is proclaimed. Able to quell internal strife — turning earth, revolving heaven. Without awing the hundred barbarians abroad — his authority reached the eight bounds. Bequeathing canon and model to descendants — never forgetting, never erring. Sage virtue and divine merit draw near to august Heaven. The temple built spreads wide — a hundred generations without removal. Sacrificial affairs bright and clear — for billions of years.
205
初獻、亞獻、終獻、徹饌、還宮，俱與太祖廟同。
First offering, second offering, final offering, removing the feast, and returning to the palace are all the same as at the Taizu temple.
206
仁宗廟。 迎神，《太和之曲》：明明我祖，盛德天成。 至治訏謨，遹駿有聲。 專奠致享，惟古經是程。 春祀有嚴，以迓聖靈。 惟陟降在庭，以賚我思成。
Temple of Emperor Renzong. Welcoming the Spirit — "Supreme Harmony": bright and bright is our ancestor — sage virtue Heaven-formed. Utmost governance and far-reaching plans — swiftly his fame resounded. Dedicated offerings to present enjoyment — only the ancient canon is the measure. Spring sacrifice has its sternness — to welcome the sage spirit. Only ascending and descending in the court — to bestow our thoughts fulfilled.
207
初獻，《壽和之曲》：幣牲在陳，金石在懸。 清酒方獻，百執事有虔。 明神洋洋，降歆自天。 俾我孝孫，德音孔宣。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": silks and victims are set forth; metal and stone hang suspended. Clear wine is just offered — the hundred officers reverent. The bright spirit vast and far — descending to enjoy from Heaven. May our filial grandson — virtuous fame greatly proclaimed.
208
亞獻，《豫和之曲》：中誠方殷，明神如存。 醴齊孔醇，再舉罍尊。 福祿穰穰，攸介攸臻。 追遠報酬，罔極之恩。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": central sincerity just full — the bright spirit as if present. Sacrificial brew utterly pure — again raising the urn goblet. Blessing and emolument abundant — both near and come. Pursuing the distant, repaying obligation — boundless grace.
209
終獻，《寧和之曲》：樂比聲歌，佾舞婆娑。 稱彼玉爵，酒旨且多。 獻享維終，神聽以和。
Final offering — "Tranquil Harmony": music matches voice-song; line-dance whirls. Praising that jade goblet — wine sweet and plentiful. Offering and enjoyment at their end — the spirit listens in harmony.
210
徹饌，《雍和之曲》：牷牲在俎，稷黍在簠。 孝享多儀，格我皇祖。 稱歌進徹，髦士ＡＳＡＳ。 孝孫受福，以敷錫於下土。
Removing the feast — "Harmonious Peace": victims on the tray; millet and broomcorn in the grain vessels. Filial enjoyment with many rites — drawing near our imperial ancestor. Praising song as we withdraw — eminent officers reverent and earnest. The filial grandson receives blessing — to spread bestowal on the lower earth.
211
還宮，《安和之曲》：犆享孔明，物備禮成。 於昭在天，以莫不聽。 神明即安，維華寢是憑。 肇祀迄今，百世祗承。
Returning to the palace — "Secure Harmony": pure offering bright and clear; objects prepared, rite accomplished. How bright in Heaven — none does not listen. Spirit and brightness already at peace — relying on the splendid sleeping chamber. Since sacrifice began until now — a hundred generations reverently inherit.
212
宣廟、英廟、憲廟俱與仁廟同。
The Xuan, Ying, and Xian temples are all the same as the Ren temple.
213
孝廟。 迎神，《太和之曲》：列祖垂統，景運重熙。 於惟孝皇，敬德允持。 用光於大烈，化被烝黎。 專廟以享，經禮攸宜。 俎豆式陳，庶幾來思。
Temple of Emperor Xiaozong. Welcoming the Spirit — "Supreme Harmony": successive ancestors hand down the line — splendid fortune renewed and bright. Ah, the Filial Emperor — reverent virtue truly upheld. Employed to shine upon great merit — transforming spread to the multitude. Dedicated temple to enjoy — canonical rite is fitting. Trays and vessels formally set forth — we hope You will come in thought.
214
初獻，《壽和之曲》：粢盛孔蠲，腯肥牲牷。 考鼓雰雰，萬舞躚躚。 清醑初酌，對越在天。 明神居歆，式昭厥虔。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": offerings utterly pure — fat and plump sacrificial victims. Examining drums booming — myriad dancers lightly tripping. Clear brew first poured — facing and answering in Heaven. The bright spirit dwells and enjoys — thereby manifesting that reverence.
215
亞獻，《豫和之曲》：祀事孔勤，精意未分。 樂感鳳儀，禮虔駿奔。 醞齊挹清，載奠瑤尊。 神其格思，福祿來臻。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": sacrificial affairs utterly diligent — refined intent not yet divided. Music moves phoenix bearing — rite reverent, earnest running. Brew seasoned, clear poured — bearing and setting the jade goblet. May the spirit draw near in thought — blessing and emolument come.
216
終獻，《寧和之曲》：樂舞既成，獻享維終。 明明對越，彌篤其恭。 篤恭維何？ 明德是崇。 神之聽之，萬福來同。
Final offering — "Tranquil Harmony": music and dance accomplished; offering and enjoyment at their end. Bright and bright facing and answering — ever more earnest the reverence. Earnest reverence — for what? Bright virtue is honored. Spirit, hear this — ten thousand blessings alike come.
217
徹饌，《雍和之曲》：牲牢醴陳，我享我將，黍稷蘋藻，潔白馨香。 徹以告成，降禧穰穰。 神錫無疆，祐我萬方。
Removing the feast — "Harmonious Peace": victims and wine set forth — we enjoy, we present; millet, broomcorn, duckweed and water plants pure white, fragrant and fine. Withdrawal announces completion — descending blessing abundant. Spirit bestows without bound — protecting our ten thousand regions.
218
還宮，《安和之曲》：禮享既洽，神御聿興。 廟寢煌煌，以憑以寧。 維神匪遐，上下在庭。 於寢孔安，永底我烝民之生。
Returning to the palace — "Secure Harmony": ritual enjoyment harmonious; spirit carriage forthwith rises. Temple sleeping chamber blazing bright — to rely upon, to rest in peace. Only the spirit is not distant — above and below in the court. In the sleeping chamber utterly at peace — forever securing the lives of our multitude.
219
武廟。 迎神，《太和之曲》：列祖垂統，景運重熙。 於惟武皇，昭德敕威。 用剪除奸ＡＴ，大業弗隳。 專廟以享，經禮攸宜。 俎豆式陳，庶幾來思。
Temple of Emperor Wuzong. Welcoming the Spirit — "Supreme Harmony": successive ancestors hand down the line — splendid fortune renewed and bright. Ah, the Martial Emperor — manifest virtue commands awe. Used to cut down and remove traitors — great enterprise not overthrown. Dedicated temple to enjoy — canonical rite is fitting. Trays and vessels formally set forth — we hope You will come in thought.
220
初獻、亞獻、終獻及徹饌、還宮，俱與孝廟同。
First offering, second offering, final offering, removing the feast, and returning to the palace are all the same as at the Xiao temple.
221
睿廟。 迎神，《太和之曲》：於穆神皇，秉德凝道。 仁厚積累，配於穹昊。 流慶顯休，萃於眇躬。 施於無窮，以似以續，以光紹我皇宗。 惟茲氣始，俎豆是供。 循厥典禮，式敬式崇。 神其至止，以鑑愚衷。
Temple of Emperor Ruizong. Welcoming the Spirit — "Supreme Harmony": how solemn the Divine Emperor — holding virtue, condensing the Way. Benevolence and thickness accumulated — paired with the vast vault. Flowing celebration, manifest blessing — gathered upon my slight person. Bestowed without end — by likeness, by continuation — to gloriously continue our imperial clan. Only at this season's beginning — trays and vessels are offered. Following that canonical rite — reverent, honored. May the spirit arrive and halt — to mirror our foolish hearts.
222
初獻，《壽和之曲》：制帛牲牢，庶羞芬。 玉戚硃幹，協於韶簫。 清醑在筵，中情纏綿。 神之格思，儀形僾然。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": fashioned silks, victims in pens — various delicacies fragrant and fine. Jade battle-axes and vermilion shields — harmonizing with Shao music and flutes. Clear brew on the mat — central feeling tangled and deep. Spirit draws near in thought — bearing and form seemingly present.
223
亞獻，《豫和之曲》：瑤爵再陳，侑以工歌。 籥舞蹌蹌，八音諧和。 孝思肫肫，感格聖靈。 致愨則存，如聞其聲。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": jade goblets set forth again — assisted by craftsmen's song. Flute-dance stately — eight tones in harmony. Filial thought earnest and deep — moving and drawing the sage spirit. Utmost sincerity then remains — as if hearing the sound.
224
終獻，《寧和之曲》：儀式弗逾，奠爵維三。 樂舞雍容，以雅以南。 仰仁源德澤，嶽崇海淵。 願啓我子孫，緝熙光明，維兩儀是參。
Final offering — "Tranquil Harmony": ritual form not exceeded; setting goblets is thrice. Music and dance dignified — with Ya and with Nan. Looking up to the source of benevolence and virtue's grace — mountains lofty, seas deep. We wish to open our descendants — bright splendor gathered, joining the two principles.
225
徹饌，《雍和之曲》：嘉饌甘只，亦既歆只。 登歌迅徹，敬終惟始。 維神孔昭，賚永成於孝矣。
Removing the feast — "Harmonious Peace": fine delicacies sweet indeed — already enjoyed indeed. Ascending song swiftly withdrawn — reverent end is only beginning. Only the spirit greatly bright — bestowing eternal completion in filial piety.
226
還宮，《安和之曲》：幽顯莫測，神之無方。 祀事既成，神返諸帝鄉。 申發休祥，俾胤嗣蕃昌。 宜君兮宜王，歷世無疆。
Returning to the palace — "Secure Harmony": hidden and manifest cannot be measured — the spirit has no fixed direction. Sacrificial affairs accomplished — spirit returns to the Emperor's realm. Extending and sending forth auspicious blessing — may heirs and succession flourish. Fit for lord, fit for king — age after age without bound.
227
○九廟時祫樂章
Hymns for the seasonal di of the Nine Temples.
228
孟夏。 迎神，《太和之曲》：序屆夏首兮風氣薰，禮嚴時祫兮拏擊鐘{卉鼓}。 迎羣主來合享交欣，於皇列聖正南面，以申崇報皇勳。
Early summer. Welcoming the Spirit — "Supreme Harmony": season reaches summer's beginning, vapor fragrant; rite stern at seasonal di — striking bells and drums. Welcoming the host lords to join in shared enjoyment; august successive sages face south to extend lofty repayment of imperial merit.
229
初獻，《壽和之曲》：瞻曙色方昕，仰列聖在上，奠金觥而捧幣紋。 小孫執盈兮敢不懼慇。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": gazing at dawn just brightening, successive sages above; we set golden goblet and bear patterned silks. Young grandson holding full — how dare he not be earnest and fearful.
230
亞獻，《豫和之曲》：思皇祖，仰聖神。 來列主，會太宸。 時祫修，循古倫。 惟聖鑑歆，愚孫忱恂。
Second offering — "Ease and Harmony": thinking of the august ancestor — looking up to the sage spirit. Coming, host lords — meeting the Great Azure. Seasonal di restored — following ancient order. Only the sage mirrors and enjoys — foolish grandson sincere and earnest.
231
終獻，《寧和之曲》：齊醴清兮麥熟新，籩豆潔兮孝念申。 仰祖功兮宗德，願降祐兮後人。
Final offering — "Tranquil Harmony": sacrificial brew clear, wheat ripe and new; trays and vessels pure, filial thought expressed. Looking up to ancestral merit and clan virtue — we wish blessing lowered upon those who follow.
232
徹饌，《雍和之曲》：樂終兮禮成，告玉振兮訖金聲。 徹之弗違，以肅精誠。
Removing the feast — "Harmonious Peace": music ended, rite accomplished; jade chime ended, metal sound complete. Withdrawal without violation — thereby solemnizing sincerity.
233
還宮，《安和之曲》：三獻就兮祖宗鑑享，一誠露兮念維長。 思弗盡兮思弗忘，深荷德澤之啓佑，小孫惟賴以餘光。 神返宮永安，保家國益昌。
Returning to the palace — "Secure Harmony": three offerings done, ancestors mirror and enjoy; one sincerity revealed, thought runs long. Thought not exhausted, thought not forgotten; deeply bearing virtue's grace, young grandson only relies on remaining light. Spirit returns to palace in lasting peace — protecting house and state ever more glorious.
234
孟秋。 迎神：時兮孟秋火西流，感時毖祀兮爽氣回。 喜金風兮飄來，仰祖宗兮永慕哉。 秋祫是舉兮希鑑歆，小孫恭迓兮捧素裁。
Early autumn. Welcoming the Spirit: season is early autumn, fire flows west; feeling the season's careful sacrifice, clear vapor returns. Joyful golden wind comes drifting; looking up to ancestors, forever longing. Autumn di is raised — we hope for mirroring and enjoyment; young grandson reverently meets, bearing plain silks.
235
初獻：皇祖降筵，列聖靈聯。 執事恐蹎，樂舞蹁躚。 小孫捧盈兮敢弗虔。
First offering: imperial ancestor descends to the mat — successive sages' spirits joined. Officers fear stumbling — music and dance lightly tripping. Young grandson holding full — how dare he not be reverent.
236
亞獻：再酌兮玉漿，潔淨兮馨香。 祖宗垂享兮錫胤昌，萬歲兮此禮行。
Second offering: pouring again jade brew; pure, clean, fragrant and fine. Ancestors lower enjoyment, bestowing flourishing heirs; ten thousand years this rite proceeds.
237
終獻：進酒三觥，歌舞雍韺，鐘鼓轟錚。 皇祖列聖，永享愚誠。
Final offering: advancing wine in three goblets; song and dance harmonious, bells and drums booming clear. Imperial ancestor and successive sages — forever enjoying our foolish sincerity.
238
徹饌：秋嘗是舉，稌黍豐農。 三獻既周，聖靈顯容。 小孫時思恩德兮惟忡。
Removing the feast: autumn offering raised — glutinous millet and grain abundant in farming. Three offerings complete — sage spirits manifest their bearing. Young grandson ever thinking of grace and virtue — only anxious.
239
還宮：仰皇祖兮聖神功，祀典陳兮報莫窮。 嘗祫告竣，鸞馭旋宮。 皇靈在天主在室，萬祀陟降何有終。
Returning to the palace: looking up to imperial ancestor's sage spirit and divine merit; sacrificial canon set forth, repayment without end. Offering di announced complete — luan carriage wheels back to palace. Imperial spirit in Heaven, host in chamber — myriad sacrifices ascending and descending without end.
240
孟冬。 迎神：時兮孟冬凜以悽，感時毖祀兮氣潛回。 溯朔風兮北來，仰祖宗兮永慕哉。 冬祫是舉兮希鑑歆，小孫恭迓兮捧素裁。
Early winter. Welcoming the Spirit: season is early winter, chill and bleak; feeling the season's careful sacrifice, vapor secretly returns. Tracing north wind coming from the north; looking up to ancestors, forever longing. Winter di is raised — we hope for mirroring and enjoyment; young grandson reverently meets, bearing plain silks.
241
初、亞、終獻，俱同孟秋。
First, second, and final offerings are all the same as early autumn.
242
撤饌：冬烝是舉，俎豆維豐。 三獻既周，聖靈顯容。 小孫時思，恩德兮惟忡。
Removing the feast: winter offering raised — trays and vessels abundantly full. Three offerings complete — sage spirits manifest their bearing. Young grandson ever thinking of grace and virtue — only anxious.
243
還宮。 同孟秋，惟改「嘗祫。」 爲「烝祫。」
Returning to the palace. Same as early autumn, except the phrase is changed from "autumn offering di. It was changed to "winter offering di."
244
大祫樂章。
Hymns for the great di.
245
迎神：仰慶源兮大發祥，惟世德兮深長。 時惟歲殘，大祫洪張。 祖宗聖神，明明皇皇。 遙瞻兮頓首，世德兮何以忘。
Welcoming the Spirit: looking up to celebration's source, great auspiciousness sent forth; only world-virtue deep and long. Season is year's end — great di broadly spread. Ancestors sage and divine — bright and august. Gazing from afar, bowing head to ground; world-virtue — how can it be forgotten?
246
初獻：神之格兮慰我思，慰我思兮捧玉卮。 捧來前兮慄慄，仰歆納兮是幸已而。
First offering: spirit draws near, comforting my thought; comforting my thought, bearing jade goblet. Bearing it forward, trembling; looking up to enjoy and accept — this is our good fortune indeed.
247
亞獻：再舉瑤漿，樂舞羣張。 小孫在位，陪助賢良。 百工羅從，大禮肅將。 惟我祖宗，顯錫恩光。
Second offering: raising again jade brew, music and dance spread in ranks. Young grandson in position — assisting worthy men. Hundred craftsmen arrayed in attendance — great rite solemnly conducted. Only our ancestors — manifestly bestowing grace-light.
248
終獻：思祖功兮深長，景宗德兮馨香。 報歲事之既成兮典則先王，惟功德之莫報兮何以量。
Final offering: thinking of ancestral merit deep and long; viewing clan virtue fragrant and fine. Repaying year's affairs accomplished — canon of former kings; merit and virtue beyond repayment — how can it be measured?
249
徹饌：三酌既終，一誠感通。 仰聖靈兮居歆，萬礻異是舉兮庶乎酬報之衷。
Removing the feast: three pourings ended — one sincerity moves through. Looking up to sage spirit dwelling and enjoying — myriad seasons raised, perhaps repaying our hearts.
250
還宮：顯兮幽兮，神運無跡。 神運無跡兮化無方，靈返天兮主返室。 願神功聖德兮啓佑無終，玄孫拜送兮以謝以祈。
Returning to the palace: manifest and hidden — spirit's movement without trace. Spirit's movement without trace, transformation without direction; spirit returns to Heaven, host returns to chamber. We wish divine merit and sage virtue to open protection without end; great-grandson bows in sending off, thanking and praying.
251
嘉靖十年大禘樂章。
Hymns for the great di, Jiajing reign year 10.
252
迎神，《元和之曲》：於維皇祖，肇創丕基。 鍾祥有自，曰本先之。 奄有萬方，作之君師。 追報宜隆，以申孝思。 瞻望稽首，介我休禧。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Primordial Harmony": ah, the imperial ancestor — first establishing the great foundation. Auspiciousness bell-like has its source — called root and ancestor. Embracing the ten thousand regions — made their lord and teacher. Pursuing repayment should be lofty — thereby extending filial thought. Gazing and looking, bowing head to ground — grant me rest and blessing.
253
初獻，《壽和之曲》：木有本兮水有源，人本祖兮物本天。 思報德兮禮莫先，仰希鑑兮敢弗虔。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": trees have roots, water has sources; people have ancestors, things have Heaven as root. Thinking to repay virtue, rite is foremost; looking up hoping for mirroring, how dare we not be reverent.
254
亞獻，《仁和之曲》：中觴載升，於此瑤觥。 小孫奉前，願歆其誠。 樂舞在列，庶職在庭。 祖鑑孔昭，錫祐攸亨。
Second offering — "Humaneness and Harmony": middle goblet borne upward at this jade cup. Young grandson bears it forward — wishing to enjoy that sincerity. Music and dance ranked in array — various offices in the court. Ancestor mirrors greatly bright — bestowing protection, thereby prosperous.
255
終獻，《德和之曲》：於維兮先祖，延慶兮深高。 追報兮曷能，三進兮香醪。
Final offering — "Virtue and Harmony": ah, the ancestors — extended celebration deep and high. Pursuing repayment — how can it be done? Three advances of fragrant brew.
256
徹饌，《太和之曲》：芬兮豆籩，潔兮黍粢。 祖垂歆享，徹乎敢遲。 禮雲告備，以訖陳辭。 永裕後人，億世丕而。
Removing the feast — "Supreme Harmony": fragrant are trays and baskets; pure are millet offerings. Ancestor lowers enjoyment — withdrawing, how dare we delay. Rite says announcement complete — thereby ending the set forth words. Forever enriching those who follow — billions of ages grand and glorious.
257
送神，《永和之曲》：禘祀兮具張，佳氣兮鬱昂。 皇靈錫納兮喜將，一誠通兮萬載昌。 祈鑑祐兮天下康，仰源仁浩德兮曷以量。 小孫頓首兮以望，遙瞻冉冉兮聖靈皇皇。
Sending off the Spirit — "Eternal Harmony": di sacrifice fully spread, fine vapor lofty and rising. Imperial spirit bestows acceptance, joy about to come; one sincerity moves through, ten thousand ages glorious. Praying for mirroring and protection, the world secure; looking up to source-benevolence and vast virtue — how can it be measured? Young grandson bows head to ground in gazing — gazing from afar, slowly, slowly — sage spirit august and bright.
258
洪武七年，御製祀歷代帝王樂章。
Hongwu reign year 7: imperially composed hymns for sacrificing to successive dynasties' emperors.
259
迎神，《雍和之曲》：仰瞻兮聖容，想鑾輿兮景從。 降雲衢兮後先，來俯鑑兮微衷。 荷聖臨兮蒼生有崇，眷諸帝兮是臨，予頓首兮幸蒙。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Harmonious Peace": looking up at sage countenance; thinking of imperial carriage, shadow following. Descending cloud pathways, first and after; coming to look down and mirror our slight hearts. Bearing sage presence, the living have honor; cherishing the emperors, they draw near; I bow my head, fortunate to receive grace.
260
奠帛，《保和之曲》：秉微誠兮動聖躬，來列坐兮殿庭。 予今願兮效勤，奉禮帛兮列酒尊。 鑑予情兮忻享，方旋駕兮雲程。
Offering silks — "Preserving Harmony": with humble sincerity we move the sacred presence; they come to take their seats in the palace hall. Today I wish to serve with diligence, bearing ritual silks and setting wine vessels in row. Look upon our hearts in joyful acceptance; the carriage wheels homeward on the cloud road.
261
初獻，《保和之曲》：酒行兮爵盈，喜氣兮雍雍。 重荷蒙兮載瞻載崇，羣臣忻兮躍從，願睹穆穆兮聖容。
First offering — "Preserving Harmony": wine flows and goblets brim; joy fills the hall, harmonious and calm. Heavy grace is upon us and we gaze up in reverence; ministers rejoice and leap to follow, yearning to behold the solemn sacred countenance.
262
亞獻，《中和之曲》：酒斟兮禮明，諸帝熙和兮悅情。 百職奔走兮滿庭，陳籩豆兮數重，亞獻兮願成。
Second offering — "Moderation and Harmony": wine is poured and the rite stands clear; all the emperors are harmonious, their hearts pleased. Every office hurries and the court is full; trays and vessels are set in many layers — may the second offering succeed.
263
終獻，《肅和之曲》：獻酒兮至終，早整雲鸞兮將旋宮。 予心眷戀兮神聖，欲攀留兮無從。 躡雲衢兮緩行，得遙瞻兮達九重。
Final offering — "Reverent Harmony": wine is offered to the end; the cloud luan is readied early to return to the palace. My heart clings to the sacred presence; I would hold You back, yet cannot. You tread the cloud road and move slowly on; we gaze from afar as You reach the ninefold palace.
264
徹饌，《凝和之曲》：納餚羞兮領陳，烝民樂兮幸生。 將何以兮崇報，惟歲時兮載瞻載迎。
Removing the feast — "Concentrated Harmony": delicacies are received and set forth; the people rejoice, blessed in life. How shall we repay in lofty measure? Only at each season do we gaze and welcome again.
265
送神，《壽和之曲》：幡幢繚繞兮導來蹤，鑾輿冉冉兮歸天宮。 五雲擁兮祥風從，民歌聖佑兮樂年豐。
Sending off the Spirit — "Longevity and Harmony": banners and pennants wind about, guiding the path You came; the imperial carriage slowly returns to the heavenly palace. Five-colored clouds embrace You and auspicious wind follows; the people sing of sacred protection and rejoice in abundant years.
266
望燎，《豫和之曲》：神機不測兮造化功，珍羞禮帛兮薦火中。 望瘞庭兮稽首，願神鑑兮寸衷。
Gazing at the burning — "Ease and Harmony": spirit design beyond measure, creation's work; delicacies and ritual silks are offered into the flame. We gaze at the burial court and bow our heads; we pray the spirit will look upon our humble hearts.
267
洪武六年定祀先師孔子樂章。
Hongwu reign year 6: hymns for sacrifice to the Former Master Confucius were established.
268
迎神，《咸和之曲》：大哉宣聖，道德尊崇。 維持王化，斯民是宗。 典祀有常，精純益隆。 神其來格，於昭聖容。
Welcoming the Spirit — "All Harmony": great is the Sagely One who spread the teaching; the Way and virtue are held in highest esteem. He upholds royal civilization; the people look to him as their guide. Canonical sacrifice has its fixed seasons; refinement and purity grow ever greater. May the spirit draw near; how bright is the sacred countenance.
269
奠帛，《寧和之曲》：自生民來，誰底其盛？ 惟王神明，度越前聖。 粢帛具成，禮容斯稱。 黍稷非馨，惟神之聽。 「惟王」，後改曰：「惟師」。
Offering silks — "Tranquil Harmony": since humankind arose, who has matched his greatness? Only the King is spirit-bright, surpassing the sages who came before. Grain offerings and silks stand ready; ritual bearing is thereby complete. Millet and panicled millet are not fragrant in themselves; only the spirit is heeded. "Only the King" was later changed to read "Only the Master."
270
初獻，《安和之曲》：太哉聖王，實天生德。 作樂以崇，時祀無斁。 清酤惟馨，嘉牲孔碩。 薦羞神明，庶幾昭格。
First offering — "Secure Harmony": how great is the sacred king, truly Heaven-born in virtue. We make music to exalt him; seasonal sacrifice never ends. Clear wine alone is fragrant; fine victims are ample and grand. We present delicacies to the spirit-bright and hope for manifest presence.
271
亞、終獻，《景和之曲》：百王宗師，生民物軌。 瞻之洋洋，神其寧止。 酌彼金罍，惟清且旨。 登獻惟三，於戲成禮。
Second and final offerings — "Scenic Harmony": teacher of a hundred kings, pattern of life for all the people. We gaze upon him, vast and ample; may the spirit rest in peace. We pour from the golden urns, clear and fine. Three offerings ascend; ah — the rite is complete.
272
徹饌，《咸和之曲》：犧象在前，豆籩在列，以享以薦，既芬既潔。 禮成樂備，人和神悅。 祭則受福，率遵無越。
Removing the feast — "All Harmony": sacrificial victims stand before, vessels and trays in row; we enjoy and present, fragrant and pure. The rite is complete and music prepared; humans are in harmony and the spirit is pleased. In sacrifice we receive blessing; all follow without transgression.
273
送神，《咸和之曲》：有嚴學宮，四方來宗。 恪恭祀事，威儀雍雍。 歆格惟馨，神馭旋復。 明禋斯畢，鹹膺百福。
Sending off the Spirit — "All Harmony": solemn is the academy; from every quarter they come to honor him. Earnest and reverent in sacrifice; majesty and bearing are harmonious. Acceptance and presence are fragrant alone; the spirit's carriage returns. Bright sacrifice is complete; all receive a hundred blessings.
274
洪武二年享先農樂章。
Hongwu reign year 2: hymns for the Feast to the Progenitor of Agriculture.
275
迎神，《永和之曲》：東風啓蟄，地脈奮然。 蒼龍掛角，燁燁天田。 民命惟食，創物有先。 圜鍾既奏，有降斯筵。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Eternal Harmony": the east wind awakens hibernation; the earth's pulse stirs vigorously. The azure dragon hangs its horn; Heaven's fields blaze bright. The people's fate rests on food; in creating things there is a forerunner. The circular bells have sounded; the spirit descends to this banquet.
276
奠帛，《永和之曲》：帝出乎震，天發農祥。 神降於筵，藹藹洋洋。 禮神有帛，其色惟蒼。 豈伊具物，誠敬之將。
Offering silks — "Eternal Harmony": the Emperor emerges from the east; Heaven sends forth agricultural blessing. The spirit descends to the banquet, lush and ample. Ritual silks for the spirit are azure in color alone. It is not the objects alone that matter; sincerity and reverence bear them forth.
277
進俎，《雍和之曲》：制帛既陳，禮嚴奉牲。 載之於俎，祀事孔明。 簠簋攸列，黍稷惟馨。 民力普存，先穡之靈。
Presenting the sacrifice tray — "Harmonious Peace": patterned silks are set forth; the rite is solemn in presenting victims. They are borne on the tray; the sacrifice shines clear. Square and round vessels stand in row; millet and panicled millet are fragrant. The people's strength is broadly preserved — spirit of the first harvest.
278
初獻，《壽和之曲》：九穀未分，庶草攸同。 表爲嘉種，實在先農。 黍稌斯豐，酒醴是供。 獻奠之初，以祈感通。 配位云：厥初生民，粒食其天。 開物惟智，邃古奚傳。 思文后稷，農官之先。 侑神作主，初獻惟蠲。
First offering — "Longevity and Harmony": the nine grains were undivided; the myriad grasses shared alike. Fine seed was made manifest; truly it lies with the Progenitor of Agriculture. Millet and broomcorn grow abundant; wine and sweet brew are offered. At the first offering we pray for sympathetic communion. The paired seat recites: when people first arose, grain was their Heaven. To open things required wisdom alone; in remote antiquity, from whom was it handed down? We reflect on cultured Hou Ji, forerunner of agricultural officers. He assists the spirit as host; the first offering is pure alone.
279
亞獻，《壽和之曲》：倬彼甫田，其隰其原。 耒耜雲載，驂馭之間。 報本思享，亞獻惟虔。 神其歆之，自古有年。 配位云：后稷配天，興於有邰。 誕降嘉種，有栽有培。 俶載南畝，祗事三推。 佑神再獻，歆我尊罍。
Second offering — "Longevity and Harmony": vast are the great fields, their wetlands and plains. Plough and harrow move like clouds; teams draw between the furrows. Repaying the root, we think to offer; the second offering is reverence alone. May the spirit enjoy this; fruitful years have come since antiquity. The paired seat recites: Hou Ji, paired with Heaven, arose at You Tai. He sent down fine seed; it was planted and nurtured. Work begins in the southern fields; we reverently perform the three ploughings. He assists the spirit in the second offering; may it enjoy our honored urns.
280
終獻，《壽和之曲》：帝耤之典，享祀是資，潔豐嘉慄，鹹仰於斯。 時維親耕，享我農師。 禮成於三，以訖陳詞。 配位云：嘉德之薦，民和歲豐。 帝命率育，報本之功。 陳常時夏，其德其功。 齊明有格，惟獻之終。
Final offering — "Longevity and Harmony": the imperial ploughing canon sustains feast and sacrifice; pure, abundant, fine grain — all look up to this. The season is the Emperor's own ploughing; we feast our agricultural master. The rite completes at three offerings; the presented words are ended. The paired seat recites: fine virtue's offering — people in harmony, years abundant. The Emperor's command nurtures all broadly; we repay the root's merit. We set forth the constant seasons of summer, its virtue and merit. Purification is bright and presence draws near; this is the offering's end.
281
徹饌，《永和之曲》：於赫先農，歆此潔修。 於篚於爵，於饌於羞。 禮成告徹，神惠敢留。 餕及終畝，豐年是求。
Removing the feast — "Eternal Harmony": how blazing is the Progenitor of Agriculture, enjoying this pure observance. In baskets and goblets, in feast and delicacies. The rite is complete and withdrawal announced; who would dare detain the spirit's grace? Sacrificial leftovers reach the final furrow; we seek a year of plenty.
282
送神，《永和之曲》：神無不在，於昭於天。 曰迎曰送，於享之筵。 冕衣在列，金石在懸。 往無不之，其佩翩翩。
Sending off the Spirit — "Eternal Harmony": the spirit is nowhere absent, bright in Heaven above. We welcome and we send off at the banquet of enjoyment. Crown robes stand in ranks; metal and stone instruments hang suspended. Going forth, nowhere is beyond reach; girdle pendants flutter lightly.
283
望瘞，《太和之曲》：祝帛牲醴，先農既歆。 不留不褻，瘞之厚深。 有幽其瘞，有赫其臨。 曰禮之常，匪今斯今。
Gazing at the burial — "Supreme Harmony": prayer silks, victims, and sweet wine — the Progenitor of Agriculture has accepted. Nothing detained, nothing profaned; burial thick and deep. Darkness lies in the burial; blazing light in the approach. This is the rite's constant — not for today alone, but for all time.
284
嘉靖九年定享先蠶樂章。
Jiajing reign year 9: hymns for the Feast to the Progenitor of Sericulture were established.
285
迎神，《貞和之曲》：於穆惟神，肇啓蠶桑。 衣我萬民，保我家邦。 茲舉曠儀，春日載陽。 恭迎霞馭，靈氣洋洋。
Welcoming the Spirit — "Chaste Harmony": how solemn is the spirit, who first opened mulberry and silkworm cultivation. You clothe our myriad people and protect our house and realm. This grand rite is performed as spring days grow warm. We reverently welcome the cloud carriage; spirit vapor is lush and ample.
286
奠帛，《壽和之曲》：神其臨只，有苾有芬。 乃獻玉歊，乃奠文纁。 仰祈昭鑑，淑氣氤氳。 顧茲蠶婦，祁祁如云。
Offering silks — "Longevity and Harmony": may the spirit draw near, fragrant and fine. We offer fragrant jade and set forth patterned scarlet silks. We look up and pray for bright regard; gentle vapor swirls dense. We look upon these sericulture women, numerous as clouds.
287
初獻，曲同奠帛。
First offering — the tune is the same as for offering silks.
288
亞獻，《順和之曲》：載舉清觴，蠶祀孔明。 以格以享，鼓瑟吹笙。 陰教用彰，坤儀允貞。 神之聽之，鑑此禋誠。
Second offering — "Yielding Harmony": we raise clear goblets; the sericulture sacrifice shines clear. You draw near and accept; se is strummed and sheng is blown. Yin teaching is thereby manifest; the bearing of Earth is truly constant. Spirit, hear us; look upon this sacrificial sincerity.
289
終獻，《寧和之曲》：神之格思，桑土是宜。 三繅七就，惟此繭絲。 獻禮有終，神不我遺。 錫我純服，藻繪皇儀。
Final offering — "Tranquil Harmony": the spirit draws near; mulberry soil is fitting. Three soakings and seven strippings yield this cocoon silk alone. The offering rite has its end; the spirit does not forsake us. You bestow pure garments upon us, embroidered with imperial pattern.
290
徹饌，《安和之曲》：俎豆具徹，式禮莫愆。 既匡既敕，我祀孔虔。 我思古人，葛覃惟賢。 明靈歆只，永顧桑阡。
Removing the feast — "Secure Harmony": trays and vessels are fully withdrawn; the rite's form is without fault. All is corrected and instructed; our sacrifice is deeply reverent. We think of the ancients; Ge Tan alone is worthy. The bright spirit accepts; forever it watches the mulberry fields.
291
送神，《恆和之曲》：神之升矣，日霽霞蒸。 相此女紅，杼軸其興。 茲返玄宮，鸞鳳翔騰。 瞻望弗及，永錫嘉徵。
Sending off the Spirit — "Constant Harmony": the spirit ascends; the day clears and clouds rise like steam. We look upon the women's crimson silk; shuttles and looms spring to life. Now You return to the dark palace; luan and phoenix soar aloft. We gaze but cannot reach You; forever bestow auspicious signs.
292
望燎，曲同送神。
Gazing at the burning — the tune is the same as for sending off the Spirit.